英语二复习笔记6
考研英语二备考长难句笔记
考研英语二备考长难句笔记
在备考考研英语二的过程中，长难句是一个难点和重点。
长难句的结构复杂，理解起来困难，因此有必要对其进行系统的总结和笔记，以便备考过程中更好地掌握和应对。
下面是一些关于备考考研英语二长难句的笔记要点：
1. 注意句子结构
长难句的结构往往复杂，包含多个从句和短语，理清句子结构是理解句意的关键。
在阅读过程中，要注意分析句子结构，找出句子的主谓宾等成分，辨别主要从句和从属从句，理解各个部分之间的逻辑关系。
2. 辨别名词性从句和主谓宾从句
在长难句中，常常出现名词性从句和主谓宾从句。
名词性从句作为主语、宾语或表语，主谓宾从句则作为句子的核心部分。
在理解长难句时，要能准确地辨别和理解这两种从句的作用和意义。
3. 注意语法关系和逻辑关系的统一
长难句中的各个成分之间既有语法上的关系，又有逻辑上的关系。
要做到语法关系和逻辑关系的统一，即理解句子中各个成分之
间的语法作用和逻辑关联。
只有统一理解了语法和逻辑，才能更好
地理解整个句子的意义。
4. 多练和模仿
长难句的理解需要通过大量的阅读和练来提高。
在备考过程中，要多读一些文学、哲学、科技等领域的文章，多接触不同类型的长
难句，积累经验并进行模仿。
通过模仿和练，可以提高对长难句的
理解和应用能力。
以上是备考考研英语二长难句的一些笔记要点，希望对你的备
考有所帮助。
在备考过程中，要保持坚持和不断的练习，相信你一
定能够攻克长难句这个难关，取得优异的成绩！。
英语二重点知识点归纳总结
英语二重点知识点归纳总结一、语法知识点总结1. 时态a. 一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作或客观事实。
b. 现在进行时：表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
c. 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作。
d. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间段内正在进行的动作。
e. 一般将来时：表示将来发生的动作或计划。
f. 过去将来时：表示过去某个时间点之前将要发生的动作。
2. 从句a. 名词性从句：可以替代名词在句子中的作用。
b. 定语从句：用于修饰句子中的名词或代词。
c. 状语从句：用于表示时间、地点、原因、条件等的从句。
d. 同位语从句：用于解释或说明前面名词的从句。
3. 语态a. 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。
b. 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。
4. 语气a. 直陈语气：陈述事实或客观真相。
b. 疑问语气：用于提问句。
c. 祈使语气：用于表示命令、请求等。
二、词汇知识点总结1. 同义词a. 贫穷：穷困、贫困、贫乏。
b. 快乐：高兴、愉快、欢乐。
c. 困惑：迷茫、疑惑、困惑。
2. 反义词a. 宽敞：狭窄、狭小、狭隘。
b. 兴奋：平静、冷静、淡定。
c. 美丽：丑陋、难看、丑恶。
3. 近义短语a. 开始：着手、动手、踏上。
b. 结束：完成、终结、结束。
c. 增加：提高、扩大、增长。
4. 词汇搭配a. 提出建议：make suggestions、offer advice、give recommendations。
b. 进行研究：conduct research、carry out investigations、undertake studies。
c. 做出决定：make decisions、come to conclusions、reach resolutions。
三、阅读技巧总结1. 略读：快速浏览文章，了解大意和段落主题。
2. 扫读：快速查找关键信息，如数字、日期等。
3. 分段阅读：逐段阅读，加强理解每个段落的细节。
初二英语第二册第六单元-常考知识点总结
初二英语第二册第六单元:常考知识点总结初级英语第二卷第六单元常见考试知识点总结1.现在完成时的意思：1)表示过去发生的行为对现在的影响或结果。
常用的时间状语有已经、等、曾经、从不、只是等。
2)从过去开始到现在的动作或状态经常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
常见的一段时间状语有：fr表示一段时间，自时间点开始。
2)构成：助动词have/has动词的过去分词。
3)a .它？是吗？那个？首先？/?secnd？领带。
结构的从句部分，使用现在完成时。
b.这个吗？是吗？那个…？那.结构，那个？从句应该用现在完成时。
注意：非连续动词的否定形式可以与表示持续时间的状语连用。
也就是说，行动没有发生的状态是可持续的。
2.如何区分现在完成时和现在完成进行时？现在我们来比较现在完成时和现在完成进行时。
比较这两种时态，关键在于理解现在完成进行时的基本概念，因为我们已经对现在完成时有了基本的了解。
现在完成进行时是一种具有现在完成时和现在进行时基本特征的时态。
因为它具有现在完成时的特征，所以它可以表示一个动作对现在的结果或影响。
因为它具有现在进行时的特点，所以也能表达一个动作的连续性、时间性、重复性、生动性甚至情感色彩。
简单比较一下现在完成进行时和现在完成时的这些特点：(1)现在完成进行时和现在完成时都可以表示动作到现在的结果，但前者表示结果是直接的，后者表示*后的结果。
(2)现在完成进行时有时有连续性，但现在完成时往往没有。
例如：西斯先生自1978年以来一直住在印度。
(a)西斯先生自1979年以来一直住在印度。
(b)句子(a)的意思是“史密斯先生在伦敦住了很长时间”，但句子(b)不是。
(3)但是现在完成进行时并不总是暂时的，例如：M th！诶一直在教英语如果不是医生的照顾，我现在就不会和你说话了。
如果他打成平手到达！要是他及时到达就好了。
如果你不邀请他，我将不胜感激。
除非你答应不邀请亨利，否则我不会来。
自考英语2课堂笔记
课堂笔记1. disagree with sb/sth反对，不赞成→agree with sb/ one’s opinion/ one’s idea / one’sviews赞成 agree to sth 赞成 (如one’s advice/ suggestion/ proposal/ method/ plan)agree to do sth赞成干某事agree on/ upon sth在…方面达成一致意见2. The TV set has a two-year guarantee.（保修两年）…………has a guarantee of two years.……………is guaranteed for two years.3. succeed in sth/ doing sth 成功地干了某事 = manage to do sth = was/were able to do sth.be successful in sth/ doing sth→fail to do sth / fail in sth未能干成某事e.g. The boy succeeded in swimming across the river.The student failed to pass the exam.4. even 副词，“甚至”“即使”，表示强调 Even a child can understand the book.even if 连词，“即使”，引导让步状语从句Even if the task is difficult, I’ll try hard to finish it.5. ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等，若前有数量词则用单数，且后面不能跟of，如two dozeneggs；若后跟of则用复数，表示概数，强凋数量之多，如hundreds of people, dozens of apples.6. be different from…跟…不同 be different in…在…方面不同be similar to…跟…相似 be similar in…在…方面相似be identical to/with…跟…完全一样 = be the same as…与…一样7. find it difficult to do sth发现干某事很困难v. + it + adj. + to do sth（it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式）It + be + adj. + to do sth（it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式）e.g. It is necessary to learn a foreign language.→ I think it necessary to learn a foreign language.8. conversely = on the contrary = on the other hand相反地9. offer/give advice to sb = offer/give sb advice给某人提意见或建议 + on sth/ how to do sthe.g. The teacher offered us some advice on how to learn English well.→take/follow one’s advice接受忠告advise sb to do sth建议某人干某事→ advice sb against doing sth建议某人不要干某事10. as…as one can/could = as…as possible尽可能e.g. The thief ran as fast as possible/ he could.We should read as many books as possible/ we can.11. practice doing sth12. play with sth/sb 玩弄，玩耍 (e.g. fire, toys, women)13. first of all 首先 = above all14. depend on/upon = be dependent on/upon 依赖，依靠→one’s dependence on/upon… cf. be independent of不依赖，独立→the independence from…e.g. We don’t depend on our parents = We are not dependent on our parents.→ We are independent of our parents./ We want to get independence from our parents.15. They do not depend on the book or the teacher.在否定句或疑问句中必须用or连接，表示并列，虽译为“和”16. discover发现（已有的事物） invent发明（尚无的事物）17. instead of介词短语,instead副词，都表示“不是…而是…”“而不是…”，常可转换。
九年级上册英语二单元笔记
九年级上册英语二单元笔记一、重点单词和短语。
1. lantern n. 灯笼。
2. stranger n. 陌生人。
3. relative n. 亲属；亲戚。
4. put on 增加（体重）；发胖。
5. pound n. 磅（重量单位）；英镑（英国货币单位）6. folk adj. 民间的；民俗的。
7. goddess n. 女神。
8. whoever pron. 无论谁；不管什么人。
9. steal v. (stole, stolen) 偷；窃取。
10. lay v. (laid, laid) 放置；安放；产（卵）；下（蛋）11. dessert n. （饭后）甜点；甜食。
12. garden n. 花园；园子。
13. admire v. 欣赏；仰慕。
二、重点句型。
1. What a great day! 多么美好的一天！2. I wonder if it’s similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province. 我想知道它是否与云南傣族的泼水节相似。
3. People go on the streets to throw water at each other. 人们走上街头互相泼水。
4. The new year is a time for cleaning and washing away bad things. 新年是清扫和洗掉不好的东西的时候。
5. Then you’ll have good luck in the new year. 然后在新的一年里你将会有好运。
三、语法点。
1. 宾语从句。
- 宾语从句在句中作宾语，一般位于及物动词或介词之后。
- 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。
- 常见的连接词有：that（在口语或非正式文体中常省略）、if / whether（是否）、特殊疑问词（what, who, where, when, why, how 等）2. 感叹句。
第二册新概念lesson6随堂笔记
【课文讲解】1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.★knock v. 敲门① vi. 敲门I knocked, but no one answered.knock at 敲（门、窗等）knock at the door；knock at the window② vt.&vi. 碰撞You always knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。
Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。
She has knocked a cup over again. 她又碰倒了一个杯子。
③ vt. 把（某人）打成……状态He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。
④ 与off连用时有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）When do you usually knock off? 你一般什么时候下班？He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。
2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 问某人要什么东西（for为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现, ask for sth.）The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more.3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.in return for this 作为对……的回报，作为交换（this 在代词当中常常指代上文的一件事情）I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 热情）in return 作为回报You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), I’ll show you some picture books.In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.He doesn't want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回报stood on his head 倒立stand on one's hands 用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)stand on one's knees 跪着, 膝盖lie on one's back 仰面躺着lie on one's side 侧躺lie on one's stomach 趴着4、Later a neighbour told me about him.介词about可以和一些动词连用，以表示“关于……（的）”、“涉及……（的）”Please tell me about the accident.tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事（about关于, 通过其他事自己得出的结论）tell you about himtell you about the word 解释这个单词的意思tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉)tell you the newstell you the word 直接告诉这个单词5、Everybody knows him.everybody作为主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything 等6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.calls at 光顾，拜访in the street（英国）/on the street（美国）once a month 一个月一次, 单位表达方式once adj. 表示每……一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位“/” （每……）five kilometers an hourHe goes back to the South once a year.【知识点讲解】1 knock [动词] ①敲，打（某物）例句：He knocked several times on the window.他敲了几下窗。
英语二重点知识点归纳总结
英语二重点知识点归纳总结一、语法1. 动词时态和语态英语中有多种时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
在使用时态时，需要根据句子的语境和时间关系选择合适的时态。
2. 名词的单复数形式英语中，大部分名词的复数形式是在词尾加上-s或-es。
但也有一些特殊名词会有不规则的复数形式，例如man变为men，woman变为women等。
3. 代词的用法代词用于代替名词，包括人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、相互代词等。
在使用代词时需要注意人称、性别、数与格的一致性。
4. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词可以有不同程度的比较级和最高级形式。
比较级通常在原级形式后面加上-er，最高级则是在原级形式前面加上the。
但也有一些不规则的形容词和副词，如good 变为better，bad变为worse等。
5. 介词的用法介词是连接词与词之间关系的词，常见的介词包括in、on、at、over、under等。
在使用介词时需要注意其后面接哪些词或短语。
6. 非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
不定式通常用于表示目的、原因和结果；动名词通常用作宾语、主语和表语；现在分词通常用于表示进行中的动作。
7. 并列连词的用法并列连词用于连接两个相同或相似的句子或短语，常见的并列连词有and、but、or、so 等。
8. 从句的用法从句是一个句子的一部分，可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语。
常见的从句有名词从句、形容词从句和副词从句。
二、词汇1. 同义词和反义词在英语中，有很多词语有相同或相近的意思，这些词语就被称为同义词。
而反义词则是指意义相反的词语。
2. 词性转换在英语中，有些词语可以在不改变词根的情况下，通过添加前缀或后缀来改变词性。
例如，词语create是动词，但在添加后缀-ion之后，可以变为creation，成为一个名词。
3. 常用短语和习惯用法英语中有很多常用的短语和习惯用法，掌握这些短语和习惯用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。
英语二(专升本)笔记 语法,考试要点
*背单词：带入句子，语境背诵法第一讲长元音（共20个）单元音：长元音：/ɑ://ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /i:/ /u:/短元音：/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/双元音：/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/ 辅音（28个）清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/轻辅音/ʃ/ /h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/浊辅音/ʒ/ /r/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/鼻音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/半元音/j/ /w/边音/l/句子成分主谓宾定状补表同句法目的句子分类简单句结构并列句复合句状语从句第二讲一、构词法1、派生词：前缀决定意思后缀决定词性2、合成词：多个词在一起，可以理解其几个次的意思总和3、转化词：词形不变，词性变（在句子中的词性不同）二、*词性（五六大题）：我要代表世界（介）告诉你：行（形）动要名副其实，速（数）度要连贯（冠）有序。
感叹词啊！！！！！（一）、名词（n）1、名词的数（可数n而言）单-复（黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿）规则变化不规则名词2、名词的格’s/s’属格=adj= n’s意思是，……的of属格A of B （B的A）作宾语（成分）：置于谓语v（动词）之后的成分做主语，表语？adj n ，adj n（二）、冠词（art）虚词-不作为成分the/a/an +nadj +n（book）（三）、代词（pron）分类人称代词：I,he,she,they(them)（主格）,we,it,you,me,us，them（宾格）*物主代词：my,his,her,its,their,your,our(adj) +n 意思是……的mine,his,hers,its,theirs,yous,ours(n)反身代词：myself,yourself,herself*指示代词：this,that,those,these this,that+n单those,these+n复不定代词：some,any,every,other,something,anything adj修饰不带后置第三讲（四）、介词（prep）名词性短语前-虚词介词：in,for,on,witr,by,of,atPrep+n/v-ingPrep+n，。
英语二重点知识点归纳总结
英语二重点知识点归纳总结1. Verb TensesVerb tenses are very important in English grammar, as they indicate the time of an action or state of being. The main verb tenses in English are:- Present Simple: used for regular actions, facts, and general truths.- Present Continuous: used for actions happening now, temporary actions, and future plans. - Present Perfect: used for actions or events that have a connection to the present.- Past Simple: used for actions that happened at a specific time in the past.- Past Continuous: used for actions in progress at a particular time in the past.- Past Perfect: used for actions that happened before another action in the past.- Future Simple: used for actions that will happen in the future.- Future Continuous: used for actions that will be in progress at a particular time in the future.- Future Perfect: used for actions that will be completed before a specific time in the future.2. Modal VerbsModal verbs are a special category of auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility, ability, permission, obligation, and probability. The most common modal verbs in English are:- Can: used to express ability or possibility.- Could: used to express past ability or to make polite requests.- May: used to express permission or possibility.- Might: used to express possibility or uncertainty.- Must: used to express obligation, necessity, or strong probability.- Should: used to express advice, recommendation, or expectation.- Would: used to express polite requests, habitual actions in the past, or hypothetical situations.3. ArticlesArticles are words that define or classify nouns. There are three articles in English: "a," "an," and "the." "A" and "an" are indefinite articles, used before singular countable nouns to refer to something for the first time or to refer to a member of a group in a non-specific way. "The" is the definite article, used before singular or plural nouns to refer to something specific or already mentioned.4. PrepositionsPrepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. Some common prepositions in English include "in," "on," "at," "by," "for," "with," "to," "from," and "between." Prepositions are used to indicate time, place, direction, manner, and other relationships.5. Phrasal VerbsPhrasal verbs are combinations of a verb and one or more particles (adverbs, prepositions, or both) that function as a single unit with a unique meaning. Phrasal verbs are very common in spoken English and often have idiomatic or non-literal meanings. Some examples of phrasal verbs include "look after," "turn off," "take off," "put up with," "get along with," and "give up."6. ConditionalsConditionals are sentences with an "if" clause that expresses a condition and a main clause that expresses the result of that condition. There are four main types of conditionals in English:- Zero Conditional: used for general truths and scientific facts.- First Conditional: used for real or possible future situations.- Second Conditional: used for unreal or unlikely present or future situations.- Third Conditional: used for unreal or impossible past situations.Each type of conditional has a specific form and function, and understanding how to use them correctly is important for expressing different types of hypothetical situations.7. Relative ClausesRelative clauses are subordinate clauses that provide additional information about a noun in the main clause. Relative clauses are introduced by relative pronouns (such as "who," "which," "that," "whose," and "where") and are used to give more details about the noun they refer to. Understanding how to form and use relative clauses is important for building complex sentences and adding descriptive information to your writing and speaking. Overall, these key grammar points in English are essential for understanding and expressing ideas clearly and accurately. By mastering these grammar concepts, you canimprove your communication skills and become a more confident and effective English speaker and writer.。
2015自考复习自考英语2课堂笔记
课堂笔记. 反对，不赞成赞成赞成 (如’ )赞成干某事在…方面达成一致意见. .（保修两年）. 成功地干了某事 .→未能干成某事. 副词，“甚至”“即使”，表示强调 .连词，“即使”，引导让步状语从句 , ’ .. , , , , , , 等，若前有数量词则用单数，且后面不能跟，如；若后跟则用复数，表示概数，强凋数量之多，如 , . . …跟…不同…在…方面不同…跟…相似…在…方面相似…跟…完全一样…与…一样. 发现干某事很困难. . （为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式）. （为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式）. 相反地. 给某人提意见或建议→’接受忠告建议某人干某事→建议某人不要干某事. ……尽可能. 玩弄，玩耍 (. , , ). 首先. 依赖，依靠→’… . 不依赖，独立在否定句或疑问句中必须用连接，表示并列，虽译为“与”. 发现（已有的事物）发明（尚无的事物）. 介词短语,副词，都表示“不是…而是…”“而不是…”，常可转换。
. ’向…学习, 从…中学习. 但只能说. 犯错. 不敢干某事担心干某事→…怕…. 愿意干某事→. . . 接受 . 收到. ……比…更… , 与其说…还不如说…超过，多于（后跟数量词）. （句首、句尾均可）（不可放在句首）表示目的,“为了…”→……（含情态动词）. 现在完成时 ( )主要有种用法：（）表示动作已完成（不接表示一段时间的状语）；（）表示动作未完成（常接表示一段时间的状语，如…, ..）。
第种用法可用现在完成进行时 ( )代替，表示强调。
. ’ ?（已吃完）’ ? （还剩点）都可译为“谁吃了我的蛋糕？”. () … () 一方面…另一方面…. 不妨干某事，最好干某事（表示一种劝告）. . 像…一样（跟句子） .. 像…一样（跟名词或代词） .注：固定搭配…… , ……例外. “用”, 表示方式、途径. 故意 . .有目的地. 例如. 聋对…充耳不闻，听不进…(如’ ). 瞎对…视而不见. 瘸. 由…组成指整体由部分组成）. …()…强调后者，谓语动词形式取决于后者.“不但…而且…”“不仅…还…”……强调前者，谓语动词形式取决于前者. ……既不…也不………或者…或者…，要么…要么…作主语时，谓语动词形式取决于后者 . .. 坐在桌旁就餐. 常与完成时相呼应使用, 表示“到…（为止）”表示将来→用将来完成时( )表示过去→用过去完成时( ). 引导时间状语从句“每次…”“每当…”. 表示“正在那时突然”，有种用法.（正要…时突然…）.（正在…时突然…）. 所得税物业税营业税. （脑力劳动者）一般按年、月发（体力劳动者）一般按周、时发即前有明确数字用或，否则用。
史上最全自考英语二复习笔记备考资料
一、历年习题按语法总结1. 动词――――谓语动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，虚拟语气1. Lots of empty beer bottles were found under the young man‘s bed； he __________ heavily.A. must have drunkB. must drinkC. should drinkD. had to drink2. __________ home， she found that she had left the key at the office.A. To have arrivedB. To arriveC. While arrivingD. Arrivingdeciding __________ a course of action， the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters.A. what to pursueB. which to pursueC. whether to pursueD. if to pursue4. __________， they began to get down to business.A. The holidays are overB. The holidays were overC. The holidays being overD. The holidays had been over5. __________ nothing to say，the boy shied way from the crowd.A. HaveB. HavingC. HadD. Having being6. The young doctor could not sleep at night， the worsening condition of a patient __________ him.A. disturbingB. disturbedC. being disturbedD. to disturb7. Should she come tomorrow， I __________ take her to the museum.A. canB. willC. wouldD. mustwe __________ everything ready by now， we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.A. hadn‘t gotB. didn’t getC. wouldn‘t have gotD. wouldn’t get9. __________ for your help，I would not have over come the psychological pressures and tensions.A. Not beenB. Without beingC. Had it not beenD. Not having been‘t you rather your child __________ successful with his study and won the scholarship？A. becameB. becomeC. would becomeD. becomesneedn‘t __________ him about this since he could find out for himself.A. tellB. be tellingC. have toldD. have to tell12. If you ______ my advice， you wouldn‘t be in such trouble now.A. tookB. takesC. has takenD. had taken13. The meeting ______， we left the room quickly for dinner.A. overB. was overC. is overD. been over14. All the money ______， Frederick started looking for work.A. having spentB. has been spentC. having been spentD. had been spent15. ______ his talk when Mary ran out of the lecture hall.A. Hardly had be begunB. Hardly he had begunC. Hardly he has begunD. He hardly had begun16. Much of the carbon in the earth __________(come)from things that once lived.17. China is not what she __________(use)to be.18. In the past two decades， research __________(expand)our knowledge about sleep and dreams.19. Television ads __________ usually __________(repeat)over and over again.proverbs _______ (be)in the language for 1，000 years， for example， A friend in need is a friend indeed.nations that __________ actively __________ (involve)in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， China， Russia， and the United States.1991， after the Gulf War， Bush‘s approval rating reached 91 percent， the highest level recorded since polling __________(begin)in the 1930s.violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day __________ (make)us tolerate crime more than we should.the worries they might have felt for him __________ (drive) off by the sight of his cheerful face.did they realize that they __________(make)an important discovery in science.26. Some people think relations between people _____ (deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.27. Let‘s hurry up. She _____ (must， wait) for us.28. Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _____ (happen) to her.29. Many a writer of newspaper articles __________ (turn) to writing novels during the past decade.30. There __________ (estimate) to be more than 20， 000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain in 1995.31. So far， Irving __________ (live) in New York City for ten years.32. The patient __________ (send) to another hospital before we got there.33. Coffee delays the body clock in the morning， and __________ (advance) it at night.research __________ (make) all over the world in the past twenty years.was a mistake on my paycheck. I __________ (receive) 10more.second half of the nineteenth century __________ (witness) the first extendedtranslation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.37. Once harm __________ (do) to the environment， it takes years to have the system recovered.38. This project __________ (accomplish) by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the basic facility of the city.39. Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _________ (sink) the moment it hit the rock .40. If that sounds like far-fetched fantasy， consider these interesting findings that __________ (emerge) from eight years of sleep and dream research at the VA Hospital.41. A great number of the body‘s events __________ (schedule) to occur at a certain time of day.42. It is these messages that __________ (form) the basis of the child‘s self-esteem.43. With all this done，I __________ (free) from all troubles and responsibilities.you cannot understand，ask：“Would you mind __________(rephrase)the question， please？”45. Many preschool teachers do not like to have commercially make toy weapons __________ (bring) into the classroom.46. Robots， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， arebeginning __________(see)in other industries as well.47. Let us consider the earth as a planet _________(revolve)round sun.man cannot be really happy if what he enjoys __________(do)is ignored by society as of no value or importance._________(want)to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.is a well-know fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes ________(control)his direction.research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals ____(use)in experiments may decrease.， __________ (become) increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world， are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.were often compelled __________ (work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.has been proved that their best ideas seem __________ (occur) when they were relaxing.body， with hands and feet __________ (bind)， was discovered by a traveler early in the morning.__________ (want) to live in the new century will have to know about the computer.has been proved that some people‘s best ideas seem __________ (occur) when they are relaxing and daydreaming.may have their passports __________ (remove)， making leaving or “escaping”actually impossible.poem， if __________ (translate) word for word into Chinese， will make no sense.， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning __________ (see)， although to a lesser degree， in other industries as well.__________ (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about IT (information technology)。
九年级英语二单元笔记
九年级英语二单元笔记一、重点词汇1. healthy 健康的2. unhealthy 不健康的3. balanced diet 均衡饮食4. junk food 垃圾食品5. physical exercise 体育锻炼6. be harmful to 对...有害7. harmful 有害的8. harmful substances 有害物质9. quit 戒掉10. smoking 吸烟11. excessive drinking 过度饮酒12. drug abuse 滥用药物二、重点句型1. It's important to eat a balanced diet. 均衡饮食很重要。
2. Excessive drinking can be harmful to your health. 过度饮酒对健康有害。
3. Quit smoking, please! 请戒烟！4. I suggest you eat more fruits and vegetables to keep healthy. 我建议你多吃水果和蔬菜以保持健康。
5. Doing sports every day is good for your health. 每天做运动对健康有益。
6. The doctor told me to quit smoking because it's harmful to my health. 医生告诉我戒烟，因为吸烟对我的健康有害。
7. Drug abuse is a serious problem in society today. 当今社会，滥用药物是一个严重的问题。
三、重点语法1. 现在完成时（have/has +过去分词）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。
常用的时间状语有：already, yet, just, ever, never, since等。
自考英语二复习笔记
自考英语（二）复习笔记语法主要考哪些项目？英语（二）最常考的语法项目包括: 动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、比较级、语序、主谓一致、强调句、基本句型。
* 最常考的时态: 现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时、一般现在时和将来完成时。
* 最常考的非谓语动词: 独立结构、动名词作某些动词的宾语、非谓语动词作定语和状语。
* 最常考的虚拟语气: 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句和主句。
* 最常考的定语从句: where 引导的定语从句、名词/代词+ of + which引导的定语从句。
* 名词性从句：what, whether 引导的主语或宾语从句、that 引导的同位语从句。
* 状语从句：now that, in that, in case, as, while 引导的状语从句。
哪些词最有可能考单词拼写？严格来说, 只要是考纲中包括的词都有可能出现在单词拼写大题中, 但是从历年考题可以看出, 某些词的命中率要高于其它词, 有些词甚至反复考过, 这说明考生在背单词的时候还是可以在全面覆盖的基础之上突出重点、提高效率的。
在这里我们不可能一一罗列重要的词汇, 下面是我总结的英语（二）常考单词的特点:* 绝大部分是长度在5-8个字母之间的中等难度的词, 如：victim, gesture等；* 拼写和读音不完全对称的词, 如: dumb, subtle等。
* 个别非常简单、但课文中不是很常见的名词, 如: tube.* 从词性上来看, 最常考的依次是名省⑿稳荽省⒍省⒑透贝省?/p>在复习这些单词时, 一定要以考试大纲为准, 而不能只背教材后面的生词表。
一方面, 教材后面的生词表中包含了不少超刚词, 完全不会考到；另一方面, 对英语（二）来说, 从下册教材生词表中出的单词只占三分之一, 不可能涵盖所有要考的内容。
同样在复习时一定要讲究准确性, 确保背一个记准一个, 而不能只是记个大概, 最后写出来每个都差不多但每个都有错。
新概念英语2 L6 Percy Buttons 思维导图视觉笔记
新概念英语2Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 一、老师讲解（思维导图）二、背诵原文（4宫格漫画）三、笔记精讲（词汇句型）1、beggar/＂bEg/ (n.)行乞者，乞丐(v.)破产，使贫穷，使沦为乞丐beg(v.)(尤指在街上)行乞，乞讨eg. beg for a living / beg for food请求原谅) / beg your pardonbeggar(n.)乞丐beggar(v.)破产，使贫穷eg. They were beggared by trying to pay for their son's education. (他们为了支付儿子的学费，家里一贫如洗。
) Beg and beg, but there's nothing you can do.2、food/fud/食物eg. We can not exist without air, food and waterfast food快餐/ Chinese food中餐/ Western food西餐/ junk food垃圾食品green food绿色食品/ healthy food有益健康的食品/ organic food有机食品/ convenient food方便食品3、pocket/ pakit/(n.)衣服口袋eg. The man stood with his hands in his pocketspocket/ pakit/(adj)口袋的，便携式的，袖珍的eg. I have a small pocket notebook with a pink cover.4、call /kal/(Vv.)拜访，光顾call/k/(V.)认为，把…视作eg. I wouldn't call it a burden, call it a responsibility.(我不认为那是负担。
自考英语二(课堂笔记_课文部分)
综合英语二（课堂笔记）Unit11、主语＋find/think＋it＋形容词＋to do（it为形式宾语，to do是真正的主语）We find it no easy to master two foreign language in the same time.2、in、at不译为“上、里”时，译为“用、以”3、下列动词要用动名词做宾语。
practice/finish/stop/delay/suggest/consider/can’t help（禁不住）4、It is＋形容词＋to do（for…to）1）、It is very important to do more exercise.1）、It is very important for us to study English well.5、抽象名词（may、chance、power、decision）＋ to do 不定式做抽象名词的定语。
6、无生命名词很有可能后面加上过去分词，有生命名词很有可能加上现在分词。
7、不定式放在句尾，译为“以便”，目的状语。
8、主语＋系动＋to do（将要）主语＋系动＋about to do（即将）主语＋系动＋going to do（打算做某事）课后练习翻译答案：P101、Research shows the successful language learners are similar in manyways.2、Language learning is active learning learners should look for everychance to use the language.3、Learning language should be independent active and purposeful.4、Learning a language is different from learning math.5、Teachers often communicate the successful experience in language. P121、They find it hard to master a foreign language.2、The research shows that the successful language learners are similarin many ways.4、We are willing to help our friends.Unit21、lead…with 以…领先The company leads the city with the best services.2、形容词本身有其他词修饰时，常放在名词后做后置定语。
人教版新高一英语二模块笔记
1.有关turn的短语Turn to 翻到……页Please turn to page 10.；求助，转向turn to sb. for help向某人求助；Turn up 调大音量；出现，到场Turn down调小音量；拒绝=refuseTurn out结果是，情况是，证明是；It turns\ed out that+从句Turn out+(to be)+n.\pron.\adj.生产；出版；Turn into=change into变成；Turn in=hand in上交；Turn over 打翻turn over the lamp打翻油灯；翻转；翻开turn over a stone翻开石头；心中反复考虑；移交；By turns轮流In turn依次，轮流Tt’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事Whose turn is it to do sth.?轮到谁了？2.介词+关系代词引导定语从句后边是人用whom，是物用which3.find（发现）\keep\leave（使……处于某种状态）+宾语+宾补+ Doing Done Adj.\adv.\介短3.let\make\have sb. do sth.4.以下20动词to do 作宾补一头白狗熊吃了一头肥猪A white bear ate a fat pig（每个词的每个字母代表一个动词）Advise warn\want help invite encourage以下11动词只能用不带to不定式作宾补4 3 2 1 1看让听感觉注意（主动不带to，被动带上to）以下41动词只加doing 作宾语避喜建逃回承忍包禁明避：避免错过少延期Avoid miss delay postpone明：明白喜欢不喜欢Understand appreciate承：承认否定与妒忌Admit deny envy5.like to do时刻性like doing经常性6.look out for注意，当心7.Believe it or not.信不信由你。
自考00015英语二重点语法复习笔记
自考00015英语二重点语法复习笔记1. 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）1.1 定义与用法：一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
常用时间状语有：always, usually, often, sometimes, every day/week/month/year, on weekends等。
1.2 谓语动词的构成：一般现在时的谓语动词构成：（1）一般动词：原形（2）第三人称单数（he/she/it）：动词原形 + "s" / "es"（3）不可数名词或复数名词：动词原形1.3 示例：（1）I always go to bed early.（我总是早睡。
）（2）She watches TV every evening.（她每天晚上都看电视。
）（3）They eat breakfast at home.（他们在家吃早餐。
）2. 进行时态（Present Continuous Tense）2.1 定义与用法：进行时态表示现在正在进行的动作。
它一般用于表示现阶段的动作，常用时间状语有：now, at the moment, at present等。
2.2 谓语动词的构成：进行时态的谓语动词构成：be动词（am/is/are） + 现在分词（-ing形式）2.3 示例：（1）She is studying in the library now.（她现在正在图书馆学习。
）（2）We are watching a movie at the moment.（我们现在正在看电影。
）（3）He is eating dinner with his family.（他正在和家人一起吃晚饭。
）3. 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）3.1 定义与用法：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常用时间状语有：yesterday, last week/month/year, in 1999等。
自考00015英语二重点语法复习笔记
虚拟语气是把作者想陈述的动作当成一种只存在于讲话人想象中的“假设”或“推测”，而不是当作客观现象中真实事件。
它表达的是怀疑、忧虑、推测、假设、想象或祝愿等。
该语法现象应用在非真实条件中，包括虚拟条件句、推测条件句和错综复杂条件句。
这里所说的非真实条件句，大家便会联想到if这个词，如果我们在句子中看到if引导的条件从句是以动词的过去式作为句子的主要谓语的话，我们就应基本设定它为虚拟语气。
如果句子中出现了wish这个词，我们应该明白要考虚拟了。
Wish如果在句子中表达的是与现在事实相反的结果，如果考系动词，一定要选择were；如果没有系动词，只是一个简单的动词，那么我们要选择它的过去式；第二，如果wish表达的是与过去事实相反的结果，那么我们就用had+过去分词（或would/could+ have+过去分词）；如果wish表示的是将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/should(could, might)+动词原形。
看几个例子：I wish she were here.对现在的虚拟，而且出现系动词了，用were.I wish she had taken my advice.从句意了解到，这个动作应该发生在过去，所以虚拟，虚拟应该用动词的过去完成式（当然里面可能会出现被动形式had been done）.I wish you would go with us tomorrow.表达的是将来没有有把握实现的愿望，用would+ to的形式。
实战一下：A: You have made some mistakes.B:I wish I____ mistakes every day.A. don’t makeB. haven’t c. wouldn’t have made D. didn’t makeevery day 足以说明对现在的虚拟，应用动词的过去式，选D。
A：What would you wish to do if you were a college student again?B: That’s very hard to say, but I wish I____A. have not studied psychologyB. did study psychologyC. had studied psychologyD. studied psychology句子中出现了were ,说明是对过去的虚拟，应用过去完成式，选C。
全新版大学英语综合教程2英语复习笔记
UNIT 11. 被系在…上be attached to…2. 探索行为exploratory behavior3. 偶尔on occasion4. 父母的责任parental duties5. 揭示，阐明throw light on6. 最终目的an ultimate purpose7. 要做的动作desired action8. 所希望的结果desirable outcome9. 关键critical point10. 育儿观value of child rearing11. 弥补某种错误行为making up for a misdeed12. 回想起来in retrospect13. 善意的well-intentioned14. 前来帮助某人come to sb.’s rescue15. 极其熟练、温和地with extreme facility and gentleness16. 适用于apply to17. 发展到evolve to18. 发展创造力promote creativity19. 值得追求的目标worthwhile goalsOne way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.美国人的立场可以概括起来这么说，我们比中国人更重视创新和自立。
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4、解题思路及答题技巧两大原则：（1）先做主观题，再做客观题。
（2）按分值合理分配时间。
1.完型填空：（1）上看下看，左看右看，充分利用上下文。
（2）熟记固定搭配。
For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate _________11 by the fact that most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets.Japan’s _________12 has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large，so that _________13 to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides，Japan’s work force was disciplined，so it was capable _________14 applying the information it acquired. Finally，American and European companies，who were _________15 licensers，felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market _________16 they were not limited by licensing agreement.Conditions of this sort，_________17 together in one nation，may well be unique，and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownershipfor the _________18 of technology.In fact，Japan may be finding this method of operation _________19 effective than in the past ，as her needs for outside technology now require information which _________20 only a fewcompanies and is more closely held.11.A. was strengthenedB. will be strengthenedC. will have been strengthenedD. has been strengthened12.A. positionB. locationC. placeD. point13.A. entryB. accessC. presenceD. acceptance14.A. atB. inC. forD. of15.A. potentialB. feasibleC. liableD. inevitable16.A. untilB. beforeC. ifD. after17.A. cameB. comeC. will comeD. coming18.A. transformationB. transferC. transmissionD. shift19.A. muchB. littleC. lessD. more20.A. sticks toB. belongs toC. draws onD. takes on答案：11D A B D A 16C D B C B2.阅读理解：（1）根据问题来看文章。
（2）围绕中心思想答题。
（3）灵活运用各种猜题技巧。
（4）充分发挥有关背景知识的作用。
例2：（2004下）NASA，the U.S. space agency，believes there’s a good chance that we’re not alone in the universe. Last fall，NASA began a new project called the High Resolution Microwave Survey （HRMS）。
Its aim：to find evidence of life in one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.The search for intelligent life on other planets isn’t new. It began almost 100 years ago. That’s when scientists built a huge transmitter to send radio waves into space. Scientists thought smart beings on otherplanets might pick up the signals.Scientists also have sent a message about humans and our solar system to a nearby constellation （星座）。
But because the constellation is 25，000 light years away，a return message wouldn’t reach Earth for 50，000 years！So don’t wait up for an answer.So far，no extraterrestrial （地球外的）beings that we know of have returned our “calls.” But according to Dr. Jill Tarter，an HRMS scientist，we haven’t exactly had our ears wide open. “Now，however，”says Dr. Tarter，“we’ve built the tools we need to listen well.”Last October，Dr. Tarter switched on the largest radio receiver in the world. It’s an enormous metal bowl stretching 1，000 feet across avalley in Puerto Rico.Meanwhile，another NASA scientist turned on a huge radio receiver in California’s Mojave Desert. NASA hopes these big dishes-and others around the world-will pick up radio signals from new world.Dr. Frank Drake has been searching for life in outer space for years. He explains the HRMS project this way：To listen to your radio，you move the tuner on the dial until the channels come in loud and clear：Now imagine radio receivers that scan our galaxy “listening” to 14 million channels every second. That’s what NASA’s radio receivers inPuerto Rico and California are doing.But that’s not all. Powerful computers hooked to the receivers examine every signal carefully. The computers try to match the signals to ones that scientists already recognize，such as human-made signals. If they can’t，Drake and Tarter chec k on them. “It could prove there is radio technology elsewhere in the universe，” says Dr. Tarter. “And thatwould mean we’re not alone.”26.NASA scientists started a new project in order to _________.A. discover life in other galaxiesB. send human beings into spaceC. find evidence of a new galaxyD. confirm the number of galaxies27.According to Dr. Jill Tarter，the reason why we haven’t received any return any return messages from outer space is that _________.A. our ears are not sharp enough to hear themB. our equipment hasn’t been good enoughC. it takes millions of years for them to reach usD. it takes quite a long time to send them28.Dr. Jill Tarter compares the large receiver to _________.A. the human earB. the universeC. a metal bowlD. a huge dish29.According to Dr. Frank Drake，NASA’s radio receivers inPuerto Rico and California are _________.A. trying to check on every channel carefullyB. moving the tuner on the dial for clear channelsC. scanning the universe for possible signalsD. picking up radio signals from new world30.The best title of this passage is _________.A. Signals from the SpaceB. The Invention of New Radio ReceiversC. The Intelligent Life in Outer SpaceD. NASA Listens for Space Neighbors答案：26A B A C D3. 英译汉先看懂全文大意，再用比较通顺的汉语翻译，不必拘泥于原来英文句内的顺序，在不损害原意的基础上适当地增词和减词。