英语构词法练习题答案

英语构词法练习题

一、基础练习

A：名词后加“y”变成形容词

sun---( sunny ) wind ---( windy ) cloud ---( cloudy ) rain ---( rainy ) snow ---( snowy ) fun---(funny ) health ---( healthy ) noise ---( noisy ) salt---( salty ) luck ---( lucky ) sleep ---( sleepy ) sand ---( sandy ) B：名词后加“-ful” “-less”变成形容词

care ---( careful )_( careless ) use---_(useful )( useless )

colour---( colourful ) ( colourless ) help---( helpful ) ( helpless )

hope ---( hopeful )_( hopeless ) harm ---(harmful ) ( harmless ) success---( successful ) wonder---(wonderful ) peace---( peaceful ) sleep ---(sleepless ) home---(homeless ) value---(valueless )

C：名词后加“-ern”变成形容词

east--( eastern )west ---( western )south---( southern ) north---(northern )

D：名词后加“-al”变成形容词

person---( personal )education---(educational )tradition---(traditional) medicine---( medical ) music ---(musical ) nature---( natural ) E：名词后加“-ly”变成形容词

friend---( friendly ) love---(lovely ) week---( weekly )

F：名词后加“--ous”变成形容词

danger---( dangerous mystery---( mysterious ) fame---( famous )

G：名词后加“-en”变成形容词

wool---( woolen ) wood--( wooden ) gold---( golden )

H：名词转化为形容词的不规则变化

energy---( energetic) athlete---( athletic ) hunger---(hungry ) pride---( proud ) death---( dead ) science---( scientific ) anger---( angry ) Africa---(African ) America---(American ) Asia---( Asian ) Australia---( Australian )

I：动词变名词

①work---__worker_(工作者) sing---_singer___(歌手) teach---____teacher__(教师)

drive---___driver____(司机) write---_writer_(作家) dance---_dancer(舞蹈家) win---____winner__(获胜者) run---___runner___(赛跑者) swim---__swimmer(游泳者)act---___acter(演员) collect---collector(收藏家) direct---___director(主管) visit---__visitor(参观者) invent---_inventor(发明家) translate---____translator(翻译家)

②educate---____education(教育) describe---__description(描述)

predict---prediction(预言)

collect---collection(收藏) invent---invention_(发明) build---building(建筑物)

③mean---__meaning(意思) meet---__meeting__(会议) cross---crossing(路口)

turn---__turning(转弯处) decide---_decision(决定) die---___death(死亡)

④fly---__flight(飞行) know---___knowledge(知识) please---__pleasure(高兴) pronounce---__pronouncement(发音) mix---____mixture(混合物)

J：形容词的两种形式—ing/—ed

please---___pleasing(令人高兴的)---_____pleased(感到高兴的)

surprise---___surprising(令人惊讶的的) ---____surprised(感到惊讶的)

excite---____exciting(令人兴奋的) ---____excited(感到兴奋的)

interest---_____interesting______(令人感兴趣的)---_____interested( 感兴趣的) worry---____worrying__(令人担忧的) ---__worried(感到担忧的)

amaze, annoy, bore, disappoint, embarrass, frustrate, relax, terrify, thrill, tire等

K：形容词的变化

a：形容词变副词。

quick---( quickly ) strong---( strongly ) heavy---( heavily )

angry---( angrily ) lucky---( luckily ) healthy---( healthily )

noisy---( noisily ) usual---( usually ) careful---( carefully ) successful---(successfully ) terrible---( terribly ) possible---( possibly )

b：形容词变名词。

Kind---( kindness ) happy---( happiness ) ill---( illness ) safe---( safety ) confident---( confidence ) important---( importance ) different--( difference ) true---( truth ) high---( height )

二、高考真题训练

1）.用所给词的准确形式填空。

1．It is ___illegal_____ (legal)to drive after drinking alcohol.

2．The Chinese people are very __friendly______ (friend)to foreigners.

3．David moved ___cautiously_____ (caution)forward.

4．The teacher gave them ___instructions__(instruct)to arrive early tomorrow morning.

5．Three people have been killed in a bomb explosion(explode)in northwest Spain. 6．One should have the ability to tell the __differences______(different)between right and wrong.

7．He is a ____quality____ (quality)teacher who is respected by his students.

8．For many Americans the automobile is a __necessity(necessary)．9．Excessive dosage(剂量)of this drug can result in _injurery(injure)to the liver. 10．“Thank you.” is a polite _expression (express)which is widely used in English. 2). 改错练习。

1.The possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often