SixSigma培训讲义

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•Passion + Execution = Fast and Lasting Results
Six Sigma - Goal
s
•Process •Capability
•(Distribution Shifted ±1.5s)
•PPM
•2 •308,537
•3 •66,807
•4 •6,210
•PROCESS QUALITY
•-Reduce rework •-Eliminate in-process inspection
•CUSTOMER •SATISFACTION
•-Compete with value
•MARKET •SHARE
•EXTERNAL •INTERNAL
•PRICE
•-Compete with Price
•Levels of Analysis:
•1. We only use experience, not data. •2. We collect data, but just look at the numbers. •3. We group the data so as to form charts and graphs. •4. We use census data with descriptive statistics. •5. We use sample data with descriptive statistics. •6. We use sample data with inferential statistics.
•Special cause variation •Common cause variation
•20
•0 •0
•Original zone of process control
•Chronic Waste •(an opportunity •for improvement)
•Improvemen t
•Region of •Customer •Complaints
•Co st
•Region •of
•Questionable •Performance
•Lower Specification Limit
•Nominal Value
•Region •of
•Questionable •Performance
•5
•233
•6
•3.4 •Defects per • Million Opp.
•Sigma is a statistical unit of measure that reflects process capability. The sigma scale of measure is perfectly correlated to
Taguchi
Taguchi taught:
u Cost of poor quality is loss to society as a whole
u Robust quality is designed for consistent production
u Design control is more important than production control
•
Charles Darwin
•
The Origin of Species
Challenge
Resistance-the universal reaction to change.
Technical resistance Political resistance Organizational resistance Individual resistance
•LSL
•USL
•T •LSL’
•USL’
• Breakthrough
• Customer Focused - Both Internally & Externally
Which Business Function Needs It?
•SERVICE
•DESIGN
•ADMIN. •QA
•6 Sigma •Methods
•COST
•-Opportunity for profit
•PRODUCTIVITY
•-Decreased cycle time •-Eliminate set-up times
•PROFIT
Juran
Juran taught:
• Breakthrough performance • Pareto effect • Importance of management principles • Quality by design and planning
•Statistical Tools
•2 Sigma
•3 Sigma
•4 Sigma
•5 Sigma •6 Sigma
Challenge in the millennium
Question confronting business leaders and managers: It is not: “How do we succeed?” It’s: “How do we stay successfully?”
Defects Per Million Opportunity •Reduced Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) •Improved Capacity and Productivity
•$$’s
The Strategy
•LSL
•USL •T
•LSL
•USL •T
• Characterize • Optimize
business?
Overview-Fouห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ Quality Gurus
Historically companies have focused on quality issues for customer satisfaction
Prior to six sigma there were four key quality gurus that most companies’ quality programs followed Deming Juran Crosby Taguchi
Six Sigma?
Six Sigma is not a business fad tied to a single method or strategy, but rather a flexible system for improved business leadership and performance.
It is not about theory, it’s about action.
Six Sigma Focus
Delighting the customer through flawless execution
Rapid breakthrough improvement Advanced breakthrough tools that work Positive and deep culture change Real financial results that impact the bottom
Deming’s Contribution to Profitability
•QUALITY
•-Better products & services •-Improved processes
•Plan •Do •Act •Check
•PRODUCT QUALITY
•-Reduce scrap •-Increase product life •-Eliminate incoming testing
Six Sigma - Performance Target
•Sigma
•3 Sigma
•Long-Term Yield •Standard
•93.32 %
•Historical
•4 Sigma
•99.379 %
•Current
•5 Sigma
•99.9767 %
•Intermediate
•6 Sigma
Deming
Deming taught:
u Importance of understanding variation in work processes
u Role of management in leading for quality u Application of statistics u Plan-Do-Check-Act
Taguchi’s Contribution
•Region of •Customer •Complaints
•Lower •Control
•Limit
•Mean
•Upper •Control
•Limit
•Region of •Desired •Performance
•Region of •Specified •Performance
Change
•“People do not resist change, people
resist being changed.”
•
Beckhard
•“It is not the strongest that survive, nor the fittest,
•but those •most able to adapt to change.”
Breakthrough Strategy. For these processes to perform to a customer standard they require correct inputs!!!
The Foundation of the Six Sigma Tools
•Data is derived from objects, situations, or phenomenon in the form of measurements. Data is used to classify, describe, improve, or control objects, situations, or phenomenon.
•Control
•Time •Lessons Learned
•New zone of process control
Crosby
Crosby taught:
• Customer requirement is performance standard
• Quality maturity is a journey • Preventive action as basic approach
such characteristics as defects-per-unit, parts-per million defective, and the probability of a failure/error
•Six Sigma corresponds to parts per billion if process is centered
•99.99966 %
•Long-term
A Problem Solving Methodology
•.... To Produce
•Reduced Variation In Our Processes / Products •Improved Rolled Throughput Yield, Defects Per Unit, &
•ENG •PURCH.
•MAINT.
•MFG..
•As long as there is a process that produces an output whether it is •a manufactured product, data, an invoice, etc... we can apply the Six Sigma
•Upper Specification Limit
What Are the Limits to Improvement?
•Basic Tools Wall
•Design Wall
•Clean Sheet
•Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
•Basic Quality Tools
Juran’s Contribution
•Cost of Poor Quality
•(Percent of operating costs) •Production Begins
•Planning •40
•Control
•Sporadic •spike from •observed •problem
SixSigma培训讲义
Outline
Quality level What is Six sigma? Why we need Six sigma? Development and Deployment strategy How Six sigma merges into our daily