2019年政府工作报告英文口语翻译(5)
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译(6)
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译（6）新增城市污水日处理水平4600万吨;单位国内生产总值能耗下降17.2%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量分别下降15.7%和17.5%。
修订环境空气质量标准，增加细颗粒物PM2.5等监测指标。
Moreover, in the past five years： Daily urban sewage treatment capacity increased by 46 million tons. Energy consumption per unit ofGDP fell by 17.2%. Total chemical oxygen demand fell by 15.7%. Total sulfur dioxide emissionsfell by 17.5%. Environmental air quality standards were revised. The air quality index for monitoring fineparticulate matter (PM2 s) was added.推动天然林保护、退耕还林、防沙治沙等重点生态工程建设，五年累计完成造林2953万公顷，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196万公顷，综合治理水土流失面积24.6万平方公里，整治国土面积18万平方公里。
Progress was made in major ecological projects toprotect virgin forests, afforest marginal farmland, andprevent and control desertification. Over the past five years：Anadditional 29.53 million hectares of land were planted with trees. Desertification was halted on 11.96 million hectaresof land. Soil erosion on 246,000 square kilometers of landwas brought under control. A total of 180,000 squarekilometers of land were improved.深入实施区域发展总体战略，颁布实施全国主体功能区规划，制定西部大开发新十年指导意见和一系列区域发展规划，加快推动西藏、新疆等地区跨越式发展，We implemented the master strategy for regional development, promulgated and implemented the national planfor developing functional zones, formulated new 10-year guidelines for the large-scale development of the western region and a number of regional development plans, and accelerated leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.制定实施新十年农村扶贫开发纲要，将扶贫标准提升到2300元(2010年不变价)，增强集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚。
政府工作报告常见表达(中英对照)
1、全面建成小康社会build a moderately prosperous in all respects2、不断涌现there was a constant stream of3、一般公共预算收入revenue in general public budgets4、全国居民人均可支配收入per capita disposable personal income5、农村居民人均可支配收入per capita disposable income of rural residents6、目标提前实现the goal of ... was achieved ahead of schedule7、区间调控range-based macro regulation8、定向调控targeted regulation9、战略定力strategic focus10、激活力、补短板、强实体stimulated market activity, shored up the our weak spots, and boosted the real economy11、做到结构调优而不失速e nsure that structural adjustment were made without compromising the growth rate12、积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy13、稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy14、社会发展薄弱环节weak areas in economic and social development15、啃下了不少硬骨头tackle many tough issues16、专项转移支付项目items receiving special transfer payments17、一般性转移支付transfer payments for general purposes18、“沪港通”the Shanghai-Hong kong Stock Connect19、机关事业单位养老保险制度the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions20、上海自由贸易试验区the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone1、夯实……根基lay a firm foundation for...2、农业综合生产能力overall agricultural production capacity3、水利工程water conservancy projects4、退耕还林还草return more marginal farmland to forest or grassland5、异军突起rise swiftly to prominence6、众多“创客”脱颖而出creators come thick and fast7、京津冀Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region8、长江经济带the Yangtze Economic Belt9、农网rural power grids10、南水北调中线一期工程the first phase of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project11、中关村国家自主创新示范区t he Zhongguancun National Innovation Demonstration Zone12、支线客机 a regional jet13、保基本、兜底线、建机制we have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements 14、城乡居民基本养老保险制度the basic pension systems for rural residents and non-working urban residents15、企业退休人员基本养老金水平basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees16、保障性安居工程government-subsidized housing units17、临时救助制度temporary-assistance18、城乡低保标准subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents19、抚恤和生活补助标准subsidies and living allowance20、残疾军人、烈属和老复员军人disabled military personnel, families of revolutionary martyrs, and old-age veterans1、中国上海自由贸易实验区the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone2、双反anti-dumping and countervailing3、跌宕起伏fluctuation4、保持定力maintain confidence5、保就业的下限ensure that employment does not fall below the prescribed minimun level6、防通胀的上限ensure that inflation does not rise above the projected level7、持续下行continue to decline8、多年少有的the first time in many years9、拆放利率rate for lending10、硬着陆hard landing11、超发货币issue excessive currency12、定心丸reassured the market13、成为经济稳中向好的关键一招played a vital role in sustaining steady economic growth14、盘活存量，用好增量made good use of both existing and additional monetary and finacial resources15、整合压缩integrated and cut16、一般性支出regular expenditures17、摸清get a clear picture of18、精准发力strove to take well-targeted steps19、提质增效raising the quality and returns of development20、铺路搭桥creating conditions。
政府工作报告英译
6.句子重心把握不稳
国际上一些政治因素对世界经济走势的影响 也不容忽视。 Some political factors cannot be ignored, which have effects on trend of world economy. The effect of certain political factors in the international arena on world economic trends cannot be overlooked.
The current imbalance in the global economy is only getting worse and global economic growth is slowing, making international competition even fiercer.
注重宏观调控的预见性、及时性和有效性 endeavor to make macro-economic regulation more proactive, responsive and effective 固定资产投资增长过快、货币信贷投放过多、外贸 顺差过大，以及农业基础薄弱 overheated growth in fixed asset investment, excessive supplies of money and credit, excessively large trade surplus, and weakness in agriculture 适时调整财政政策、货币政策，完善产业政策和土 地政策 adjust financial and monetary policies as needed, improve industrial policies and the land policy
概念隐喻：关于2019年政府工作报告的英译
概念隐喻：关于2019年政府工作报告的英译作者：余音来源：《文教资料》2019年第32期摘 ; ;要：隐喻作为一种认知方式，普遍存在于各类文体中，帮助读者用熟悉、形象的概念理解复杂、抽象的概念。
特别是在政治语篇中，隐喻发挥着作用。
在政治语篇的翻译过程中，隐喻的翻译是至关重要的一个环节。
本文通过分析2019年政府工作报告的英译版本，提出六种政治语篇中隐喻的翻译策略，为隐喻的翻译研究提供新的思路。
关键词：概念隐喻 ; ;政治语篇 ; ;2019政府工作报告 ; ;翻译策略近年来，随着中国国际影响力的增大，国家的重要政策文件、国家领导人的重要讲话逐步做到中英文同步发布。
其中，每年的政府工作报告，除了是上一年工作的总结外，还是接下来一年工作的规划和展望，是中国人民了解国家和政府政策动向的重要途径，是世界了解中国和中国的发展方向的平台，发挥着重要的作用。
因此，政府工作报告的英译版本是面向世界人民的，是经过仔细斟酌和考量的，值得学习和推敲。
本文以2019年政府工作报告的中英文版本为研究对象，从概念隐喻角度探讨政治语篇中隐喻翻译的策略和技巧。
一、概念隐喻隐喻最早作为一种修辞手段，出现在亚里士多德的《诗学》和《修辞学》中。
在中国古代的《诗经》中，曾出现“赋比兴”的表现手法。
二十世纪八十年代，Lakoff和Johnson在《我们赖以生存的隐喻》中提出了概念隐喻的理论思想，认为隐喻是由源认知域向目标认知域的映射，即用人们熟悉的、具体的概念，理解不熟悉的、抽象的概念。
隐喻开始被认为是一种思维方式和认知手段，学者们继而从认知角度讨论隐喻。
由于隐喻在语言中的普遍性，学者们开始在不同的语料中分析概念隐喻的类别及其影响，其中最有特色的语料就是政治语篇。
Lakoff在《道德政治：自由党和民主党如何思考》中，从认知角度分析美国政治语篇中的概念隐喻，开启了概念隐喻研究的新篇章。
政治语篇中隐喻的使用，受到统治者的社会权利和主流意识形态的引导和制约。
政府工作报告常用词汉译英（大力、推进、加快、有序、统筹）
政府工作报告常用词汉译英（大力、推进、加快、有序、统筹）政府工作报告常用词汉译英（大力、推进、加快、有序、统筹）大力: ①大力调整产业结构We channeled great energy into making adjustments in the structure of industry.②我们大力推进依法行政In a major push to advance law-based government administration③大力盘活存量资金redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use④大力发展普惠金融We will channel great energy into developing inclusive finance⑤大力发展节水农业work hard to develop water-efficient agriculture.⑥大力发展旅游、健康、养老、创意设计等生活和生产服务业channel great energy into developing tourism, health, elderly care, innovative design, and other better-living and production-related services.⑦大力发展众创空间We will work hard to develop the right environment for creativity⑧要大力发展风电、光伏发电、生物质能we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and biomass energy⑨有中央政府一以贯之的大力支持with the central government continuing its strong support推进：①全面推进依法治国开启新征程embarked on a new journey to fully advance the law-based governance of China②经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等体制改革全面推进carry out structural reforms in the economic, political, cultural, societal, and ecological sectors③推进基础设施建设和区域协调发展Progress was made in developing infrastructure and promoting coordinated development among regions.④推进科技资源开放共享ensure that scientific and technological resources were openly shared⑤深入推进医药卫生改革发展。
浅析目的论指导下2019年《政府工作报告》的英译
浅析目的论指导下2019年《政府工作报告》的英译发表时间：2019-05-07T16:51:16.190Z 来源：《知识-力量》2019年8月24期作者：陈延琼[导读] 随着世界各国的交流日益深入，《政府工作报告》成为各国人士了解中国的重要窗口和途径。
出于交流的需要，每年的政府工作报告都要翻译成英、法、西、俄、意、日等多种语言（云南大学，云南省昆明市 650504）摘要：随着世界各国的交流日益深入，《政府工作报告》成为各国人士了解中国的重要窗口和途径。
出于交流的需要，每年的政府工作报告都要翻译成英、法、西、俄、意、日等多种语言，供不同语种的人员参考研究。
本文以翻译目的论为视角，探讨2019年《政府工作报告》的英译本，为以后的政治类文本翻译提供绵薄之力。
关键词：2019年《政府工作报告》；目的论一、政府工作报告简介2019年《政府工作报告》对2018年取得的成就进行了回顾总结，同时也规划了未来一年的发展蓝图，提出2019年的工作任务。
《政府工作报告》中出现了大量新词，如 “互联网+教育”、 “互联网+督查”、“破、立、降”等，都是根据中国时代的发展而产生的创新词汇。
用词特点也具有特色，全篇多用动词开头，如“加快”、“加强”、“坚持”等。
二、目的论简介翻译“目的论”的提出和完善得益于四个著名的翻译思想家，凯瑟琳娜·莱斯、汉斯·弗米尔、贾斯塔·霍茨—曼塔里、克里斯汀娜·诺德，他们提出并完善了一套目的论原则的体系，它包含三个原则：目的原则、连贯性原则和忠实原则，其中目的原则的重要性超过后面两个，它的核心是“目的决定手段”，即一切翻译活动必须以目的为出发点，根据要达到的目的选择合适的翻译方法。
三、目的论在《政府工作报告》中的应用（一）目的原则的应用根据目的原则，翻译要以目标文本的目的为主，起主导作用的目的决定着具体的翻译策略和方法。
对于《政府工作报告》来说，翻译成英文的目的就是为了让目标读者准确无误地了解到中国的发展情况，更好地将中国推向世界。
政府工作报告常用英语表达
For four years in a row（连续四年）a year-on-year increase（比上年增加）reform and opening up policy（改革开放政策）social programs（社会事业）per capita（每人的，人均的）after adjusting for inflation（扣除价格因素）moderately prosperous society（小康社会）macroeconomic regulatory（宏观调控）new socialist countryside（社会主义新农村）pursuant to the law（依法）rural migrant workers in cities（农民工）surplus production capacity（生产力过剩）opened to traffic（通车）energy conservation（节能）state-owned enterprises（国有企业）civil servant（公务员）made breakthroughs（取得突破）compulsory education（义务教育）miscellaneous fees（杂费）boarding schools（寄宿制学校）distance education（远程教育）secondary vocational schools（中等职业学校）incorporated villages（行政村）unincorporated villages（自然村）After years of effort（经过多年努力）basic cost of living allowances（最低生活保障）autonomous regions（自治区）free our minds（解放思想）keep pace with the times（与时俱进）Chinese socialism（中国特色社会主义）social harmony（社会和谐）special administrative regions（特别行政区）prudent fiscal policy.（稳健的财政政策）boosting domestic demand（扩大内需）cutting-edge（前沿）displaced residents（（三峡）移民）non-publicly funded schools（民办学校）school year（学年）communicable diseases（传染病）social safety net（社会保障）discharged military personnel（退伍军人）pyramid schemes（传销）pilot project（试点）Income Tax（所得税）futures market（期货市场）high value-added（高附加值）high-end（高端）cutthroat competition（恶性竞争）combat corruption（反腐）hand over foot（大手大脚）plug up loopholes（堵塞漏洞）People's Armed Police（武警）starting point and objective（出发点和落脚点）socialist market economy（社会主义市场经济）Scientific Outlook on Development（科学发展观）harmonious socialist society（社会主义和谐社会）tailor measures to suit local conditions（因地制宜）South-to-North Water Diversion Project（南水北调）administrative examination and approval（行政审批）follow a realistic and pragmatic approach（实事求是）exercise activities for the general public（全民健身活动）large-scale development of the western region（西部大开发）processing industry for agricultural products（农产品加工业）municipalities directly under the central government（直辖市）primary, secondary and tertiary industry（第一第二第三产业）deliver a good report to the people.（向人民交出满意的答卷）socialist cultural and ethical progress（社会主义精神文明建设）give full play to the initiative of each.（充分发挥各自的积极性）registering the third consecutive annual increase（连续三年增加）physically and mentally challenged persons（残疾人，肢残和智残）resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.（资源节约型和环境友好型社会）ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.（让全体人民共享改革发展的成果）。
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译(1)
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译（1）第十一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议以来的五年，是我国发展进程中极不平凡的五年。
The past five years since the First Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress were a trulyextraordinary period of time in the course of China's development.我们有效应对国际金融危机的严重冲击，保持经济平稳较快发展。
We effectively countered the severe impact of the global financial crisis and maintained steady and fast economic development.国内生产总值从26.6万亿元增加到51.9万亿元，跃升到世界第二位;China's GDP increased from 26.6 trillion yuan to 51.9 trillion yuan, and now ranks second in the world.公共财政收入从5.1万亿元增加到11.7万亿元;Government revenue went up from 5.1 trillion yuan to11.7 trillion yuan.累计新增城镇就业5870万人，A total of 58.7 million urban jobs were created.城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入年均分别增长8.8%、9.9%;The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by an annual average of 8.8%, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.9%.粮食产量实现“九连增”;。
政府工作报告中经典话语英文版
1、面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。
In face of mounting downward economic pressure, we maintained strategic focus, and kept our macroeconomic policy unchanged. Instead of using short-term stimulus measures, we continued to develop new ideas and methods for macro regulation. We exercised targeted regulation, stimulated market activity, shored up our weak spots, and boosted the real economy.2、我们坚持以人为本，持续增加民生投入，保基本、兜底线、建机制，尽管财政收入增速放缓、支出压力加大，但财政用于民生的比例达到70%以上。
We continued to put people first, sustaining increases to spending in areas that are important to improving standards of living. We have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements. Despite slowdown in the growth of government revenue and increased pressure on expenditures, more than 70% of last year's government budget was spent on ensuring standards of living.3、增加公共产品和服务供给，加大政府对教育、卫生等的投入，鼓励社会参与，提高供给效率。
政府工作报告中中国特色词汇英译——以《2019年政府工作报告》为例
2482019年17期总第457期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS政府工作报告中中国特色词汇英译——以《2019年政府工作报告》为例文/伍永晔随着综合国力显著提升，我国在世界历史舞台上发挥着越来越重要的作用，与世界各国的交流日益频繁。
作为与各国间交流的桥梁之一，每年政府工作报告及其英译本广受关注。
政府工作报告作为对外宣传的重要工具，其英译本是“一个国家对外交流水平和人文环境建设的具体体现”，是“决定外宣效果的最直接因素”，是一种“门面工作”。
因此，对其翻译必须认真负责，容不得半点纰漏与瑕疵。
其中大量中国特色词汇的翻译便是做好政府工作报告的一大难点。
王小萍指出，这些特殊词汇的翻译属于政治文献翻译工作中密不可分的一部分，通过他们，人民可以全面了解到中国的现时国情和发展状况，从而促进国内外的交流与合作。
中国特色词汇指中国语言独有的表达形式，包括一些概念、政治术语、短语和汉语民族文化特色鲜明的词语等。
关于其分类则是众说纷纭，各抒所见。
通过借鉴其他学者的分类和词语间的比较，本文将《2019年政府工作报告》中出现的中国特色词汇分为三类：成语，带数字的词汇和文化负载词。
并根据此分类，对中国特色词汇的翻译进行研究。
成语，是汉文化中一颗璀璨的明珠，是中国传统文化的一大特色，有固定的结构形式和说法，表示一定的意义，在语句中作为整体来应用。
成语在用词方面与当代汉语不同，多代表特定的典故、故事。
要想翻译好政府工作报告中的成语，不仅需要深厚的文化功底，更需要透彻理解成语背后所指的政治、经济、社会内涵。
如“我们要尽力为群众救急解困、雪中送炭，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢。
”一句翻译为“We must do our best to address urgent needs of people in difficulty, provide help when they need it most and ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met.”译者将成语“雪中送炭”翻译为“provide help when they need it”，省略成语本意，采用意译的方法直接翻出隐含意。
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译6
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译6积极稳妥推动城镇化，五年转移农村人口8463万人，城镇化率由45.9%提升到52.6%，城乡结构发生了历史性变化。
We advanced urbanization actively yet prudently. Over the past five years： A total of 84.63 million rural residents migrated to urban areas. The urbanization level rose from 45.9"10 to 52.6%, marking a historic turning point in China's urban-rural population structure.城乡、区域发展的协调性明显增强。
Development between urban and rural areas and between regions became more balanced.三是毫不放松地抓好“三农”工作，巩固和增强农业基础地位。
3. Unremittingly doing our work related to agriculture, rural areas, andfarmers well, and consolidating and strengthening the position ofagriculture as the foundation of the economy我们坚持在工业化、信息化、城镇化深入发展中同步推动农业现代化，集中力量办成了一些关系农业农村长远发展、关系农民切身利益的大事。
We carried out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization, application of information and communication technologies (leT), and urbanization, and we pooled resources to accomplish a number of major tasks that are important to the long-term development of agriculture and rural areas and to the vital interests of farmers.增大财政投入，中央财政“三农”累计支出4.47万亿元，年均增长23.5%。
三级笔译L9-读译政府工作报告1
《政府工作报告》英文版读译--砖块积累练习1：1.Ushering in a new phase of China's opening to the outside world and ensuring its high standard performance Opening up and reform have been launched as integral parts of the same initiative as they are mutually reinforcing. We will foster a new open-economy system and advance a new round of opening up to embrace the international market. This will lead to deeper reform and structural adjustment and enable us to enhance China's ability to compete internationally.We will open China wider to the outside world in all areas. We will continue to utilize foreign investment actively and efficiently, open up more service sectors to foreign capital, and level the playing field for domestic and foreign enterprises to compete on fair terms so as to ensure that China remains a top choice for foreign investment. We will ensure the successful building and management of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so that this model can be copied and extended, and we will launch a number of new trials. We will open China's inland and border areas wider to the outside world, and turn these broad areas into hot-spotsfor opening up.We will make it a strategic priority to upgrade exports and promote balanced growth of foreign trade. Total imports and exports are projected to grow at around 7.5% this year. We will keep export policies stable and improve them, accelerate reform to facilitate customs clearance, and extend trials of cross-border e-commerce. We will implement policies to encourage imports, and import more products in short supply in China. We will guide the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, support businesses in creating Chinese brands and developing international marketing networks, develop service trade and undertake services outsourced by other countries, and raise the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global division of labor. We will encourage the export of complete sets of large equipment including telecommunications equipment, railways equipment, and power stations, and enhance the international reputation of Chinese equipment.We will increase China's competitiveness through expanding its overseas business presence. We will carry out reform of the management of outbound investment so that such investment is mainly reported for the record, and delegate much of thereview and approval power over such investment to lower-level governments. We will provide better financial, legal and consular services, ensure orderly overseas business operations, and boost the export of products, project contracting and labor services. We will intensify the planning and building of a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road, and promote the building of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. By launching a number of major projects, we will speed up infrastructure connectivity with our neighbors, and open up new space for enhancing international economic and technological cooperation.We will engage in bilateral, multilateral and regional opening up and cooperation in a coordinated way. We will strive to make progress in negotiations on agreements concerning trade in services, government procurement and information technology, and speed up negotiations on new areas such as environmental protection and e-commerce. We will actively participate in developing high-standard free trade areas; continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union, and accelerate free trade area negotiations with the Republic of Korea, Australia,and the Gulf Cooperation Council. We will continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, strive for mutual benefit with other countries, and ensure that opening up reinforces and is reinforced by reform and development.2.Using innovation to support and lead economic structural improvement and upgradingInnovation is the motive force for adjusting and upgrading the economic structure. We need to make innovation the core of China's development endeavors, promote the full integration of science and technology with economic and social development, and elevate China's industries to the high range of the global value chain.We will accelerate reform of the science and technology management system. We will strengthen the leading role businesses play in making technological innovation, encourage enterprises to set up research institutes, take the lead in establishing industry-academia-research collaboration in making innovation, and comprehensively implement preferential policies such as extra deductions for businesses'R&D expenses. More science parks and scientific and educational institutions will be covered by the trial reform policy that gives national innovation demonstration zones equity-based incentives for making innovation and the right to transfer and profit from their scientific and technological advances.We will increase government spending on basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, technologies for the public good and key standard technologies, and we will improve public science and technology service platforms and the mechanism for launching major science and technology programs. We will improve and strengthen the management of research projects and their funding, introduce the system of national innovation surveying and science and technology reporting, and encourage researchers and engineers to set up businesses. The protection and use of intellectual property rights will be strengthened. We will work to propagate scientific knowledge and foster a scientific spirit. We will fully implement the talent development plan, coordinate major programs for nurturing and attracting talent, and encourage the establishment of a mechanism to link researchers' pay with the market value of their research so that researchers'contributions are matched by their rewards. This will enable outstanding individuals of various types to come forth in large numbers, and their talent will be fully unleashed.In making industrial structural adjustment, we will rely on reform and support growth in some sectors while curbing excess and outdated production capacity in others. We will support growth more vigorously. We will give high priority to developing production-oriented service industries, and carry out pilot and demonstration projects to advance the comprehensive reform of the service industry. We will integrate the development of cultural and creative industries as well as design services with related industries, and speed up the development of insurance, business, and science and technology services. We will promote full integration of IT application with industrialization, encourage businesses to accelerate technological upgrading, make management more precise, improve the policy for accelerating equipment depreciation, and make traditional industries more competitive. We will build a platform for supporting business start-ups and innovation in emerging industries. We will strive to catch up with and overtake advanced countries in areas of new-generation mobile communications, integrated circuits,big data, advanced manufacturing, new energy and new materials, and to guide the development of emerging industries.We will curb excess and outdated production capacity in a more proactive and orderly manner. We will let market competition determine which businesses survive, and encourage business acquisitions and reorganizations. In industries with severe overcapacity, we will strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, and technology standards; abolish preferential policies; absorb some excess production capacity and strictly control increases in production capacity. This year, we will reduce outdated production capacity of 27 million metric tons of steel, 42 million metric tons of cement and 35 million standard containers of plate glass. We will ensure that the target for reducing outdated production capacity set in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is met one year ahead of schedule, and make sure that these reductions are permanent and such production capacity does not increase again.3.Boosting the development of social programs is an effective way to promote social justice and increase people's happiness.We need to deepen reform of the social system and promote coordinated economic and social development by increasing spending and adopting stronger measures.We will give high priority to developing education and making it more equitable. We will continue to allocate more education resources to the central and western regions and rural areas and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will comprehensively improve conditions in poorly built and run schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. The number of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities will again be increased by more than 10%, and this will give rural children more opportunity to receive higher education. We will raise the competence of rural teachers, especially in poor and border areas, expand the reach of quality education resources and improve the nutrition of children in poor rural areas.We will develop preschool education and implement the plan to improve special education. We will continue to increase central government spending on education, use it more effectively and strengthen oversight over its use. We will deepen comprehensive education reform and actively andprudently reform the school examination and enrollment systems. We will expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, give institutions of higher learning more decision-making power, and encourage the development of private schools. We will accelerate the establishment of an employment-oriented modern vocational education system. We will provide quality education to the next generation and work hard to ensure that all children have an equal opportunity to develop.We will deepen medical reform. We will consolidate the national basic medical insurance system and integrate the basic medical insurance system for rural residents with that for non-working urban residents through reform. We will improve the mechanism for the government, employer and employee to share the costs of basic medical insurance. The annual government subsidy for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased to 320 yuan per person. The major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents will be introduced nationwide. We will strengthen urban and rural medical assistance and emergency assistance for disease treatment. Trial comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals will beextended to cover 1,000 counties and 500 million rural residents.We will expand trial comprehensive reforms of urban public hospitals. We will abolish the practice of compensating for low medical service charges with high drug prices, adjust the prices of medical care and drugs, and create a mechanism for running hospitals by nongovernmental capital. We will consolidate and improve the system of using basic medicines and the new mechanisms for operating community-level clinics. We will improve the system of tiered medical services, strengthen training of general practitioners, and allow doctors to work in more than one medical institution so that people have easy access to quality medical services. We will build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.We will improve our capacity to prevent and treat major communicable and chronic diseases and occupational and endemic diseases. The government subsidy for basic public health services will be increased to 35 yuan per person. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly adhere to the basic state policy of family planning and will implement the policy that allows marriedcouples to have two children if one parent is a single child. We must resolutely press ahead with medical reform and work out a Chinese solution to this global problem so that the Chinese people can enjoy a happier and healthier life.Culture is the lifeblood of a nation. We should foster and practice core socialist values, strengthen civic morality, and advance cultural and ethical progress. We will continue to deepen reform of the cultural sector, improve policies pertaining to the cultural economy, and enhance China's overall cultural strength and competitiveness. We will deliver basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way. We will develop culture and arts, the press and publishing, and radio, television and film, and run archives well. We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences. We will encourage the people to read.We will enhance the development of cultural industries and foster a well-regulated market for cultural goods. We will carry forward China's cultural traditions and work to protect cultural relics. We will accelerate the spread of Chinese culture overseas, develop cultural trade, strengthen our international broadcasting capabilities, and enhance China's cultural soft power. We will develop fitness activities for everyone,competitive sports and the sports sector. China has an ancient civilization with a long history, and it can certainly develop a strong modern culture.We will promote innovation in social governance. We will focus on law-based governance and involve all parties in social governance. We will make village and community affairs transparent and strengthen democratic oversight over their management, and get social organizations to play a bigger role in delivering public services and exercising social governance. We will strengthen emergency management, and become better able to ensure public safety, prevent and mitigate disasters and provide disaster relief. We will do our work related to earthquake, meteorology, surveying and mapping well. We will reform the system of handling public complaints made in the form of letters and visits and promptly resolve social problems as they arise. Administrative review will be strengthened. We will strengthen education in the general knowledge of law and increase legal aid.We will strengthen comprehensive maintenance of public order, crack down hard on violent crimes of terrorism, safeguard China's national security, create good public order, and work together to ensure public security in China.。
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译(5)
2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译（5）对今年政府工作的建议III. Suggestions for the Work of the Government This Year结合过去十年特别是近五年工作的体会，对今年政府主要工作提出以下建议。
Based on an understanding of the work of the past ten years, especially of the past five years, I wish to make the following suggestions for the government's main work this year.(一)加快转变经济发展方式，促动经济持续健康发展。
1. Accelerating the change ofthe growth model and promoting sustained and sound economic development我国社会主义现代化建设取得的一切成就都建立在经济持续健康发展的基础之上，经济不发展，什么事情都办不成。
All the achievements we havemade in China's socialist modernization are attributable to sustained and sound economic development, without which we would have accomplished nothing.我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这个社会主要矛盾没有变，我国是世界上发展中国家的国际地位没有变，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。
China is still in the primary stage of socialism andwill remain so for a long time. This basic national conditionhas not changed; nor has the principal problem in our society, that is, production falls short of the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people, or China's international position as the largest developing country in the world. Development is still the key to solving all our problems.必须坚持以经济建设为中心，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展。
政府工作报告的英译
政府工作报告的英译摘要：随着改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的不断深入，中国在世界政治经济格局中的地位日益提高，成为国际社会关注的焦点。
政府工作报告作为世界了解中国社会形势和政策最重要、最权威媒介，其翻译有着举足轻重的作用，值得我们的研究和探讨。
本文仔细分析了政府工作报告的特点，并以历年报告中的语句及其译文为例，提出相应的翻译策略，希望对其翻译研究有所贡献。
关键词：《政府工作报告》；特点；翻译策略一、引言政论文是一种特殊的文体，通常被使用于正式和严肃的场合，例如：宣言、政府文件、声明、记者招待会上的回答等。
政论文大多主题明确，议论生动，体不诡异，辞不险怪，体现出“意与理胜”的特点［1］。
政府工作报告属于政论文，随着国际交流的不断深入，其翻译的质量也越来越引起人们的广泛关注。
政府工作报告是中华人民共和国政府的一种公文形式，各级政府都必须在每年召开的当地人民代表大会会议和政治协商会议（俗称“两会”）上向大会主席团、与会人大代表和政协委员发布这一报告。
政府工作报告的结构通常分为三部分：回顾并总结上一年的工作情况；归纳当年政府各项工作，汇报这一年的工作计划和目标；政府自身建设。
二、政府工作报告的特点及其翻译策略下面是笔者对《政府工作报告》特点的总结，并以历年的报告中的语句及其译文为例，提出相应的翻译策略。
（一）讲求确切, 逻辑严谨,《政府工作报告》属于政论文，其内容就有很强的客观性，重事实的阐述，语言精确，逻辑性强。
其中常常多数涉及具体数字，必须准确，不得马虎。
事关国家大事，必然要字句斟酌。
例如。
（1）原文：一定要守住全国耕地不少于18亿亩这条红线。
译文：We cannot cross the line and reduce the total amount of farmland in China to less than 120 million hectares.乍一看18亿译为120 million似乎是译者出错了，然而仔细一看，原文是以亩胃计量单位，而译文则是以“hectares”（公顷）胃计量单位，有些读者也许会产生疑问，不就是就是“1.8 billion mu ”吗？为什么必须改成“120 million”？这是因为“亩”是个典型的中国计量单位，在翻译时要将它处理成国际通用的单位“公顷”才能为外国读者所知。
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2019年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（5）
2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记（5）
四是着眼开拓发展空间，促动区域协调发展和新型城镇化。
Fourth,we promoted coordinated development between regions
and the new type ofurbanization to expand development space.
☆新型城镇化 the new type of urbanization
继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推动
“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。
Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and
the northeast; priority was placed onmoving forward with the Three Initiatives – the Belt and Road Initiative, the
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects were
also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.
☆重点推动prioritywas placed on moving forward with···
☆京津冀协同发展 the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration
initiative
☆长江经济带 the Yangtze EconomicBelt initiative
☆在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程 A number of major projects were also launched to develop···improve···and achieve
☆多用动词，让句子层次更分明更有力。
制定实施促动西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。
推动户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，增强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。
Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.
☆藏区 Tibetan ethnic areas
☆制定实施 introduce
☆增强 pressed ahead with/step up
☆户籍制度 the household registration system
☆居住证制度 residence certification system
☆城镇基础设施 urban infrastructure
☆取得新成效make progress in doing···
五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。
Fifth,we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.
☆社会事业 social programs
在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续增大。
推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。