撒哈拉沙漠英文介绍

撒哈拉沙漠约形成于二百五十万年前，是世界第二大荒漠（仅次于南极洲），也是世界最大的沙质荒漠。它位于非洲北部，该地区气候条件非常恶劣，是地球上最不适合生物生存的地方之一。其总面积约容得下整个中国本土。“撒哈拉”是阿拉伯语的音译，在阿拉伯语中“撒哈拉”为大沙漠，源自当地游牧民族图阿雷格人的语言，原意即为“大荒漠”。

The Sahara Desert , which formatted about 2.5 million years ago, is the world's second largest desert (only after Antarctica) and the world's largest sandy desert. It is located in North Africa, the climatic conditions of the region is very bad , and it is the most ill-fitted place for biology to survive in the earth. Its total area is almost as big as the whole of China. "Sahara" is a transliteration of the Arabic, “Sahara” means big desert in Arabic. From the local nomadic ethnic Tuareg’s language, the original intention is "the desert".

人口状况

撒哈拉地区地广人稀,平均每平方公里不足1人。以阿拉伯人为主,其次是柏柏尔人等。居民和农业生产主要分布在尼罗河谷地和绿洲,部分以游牧为主。

从50万年前开始，就有人类在撒哈拉沙漠边缘生活。如今还有大约250万人生活在撒哈拉范围内，主要分布在毛里塔尼亚、摩洛哥和阿尔及利亚，有属于阿拉伯语系的柏柏尔人，图阿雷格人，撒哈威人和摩尔人；以及一些黑人种族，如图布人，努比亚人，萨哈威人和卡努里人。

Population status

The area is very large, but the population is very small, it is less than 1 person per square kilometer on average. The Arab population is the largest, and followed by the Berber people. Residents and agricultural production are mainly distributed in the Nile Valley and the oasis, and one part of them depend on nomadic.

From 50 million years ago, there are human to live in the edge of the Sahara desert. Now there are about 250 million people living in the Sahara, mainly distributed in Mauritania, Morocco and Algeria, belongs to the Department of Arabic Berber, Tuareg, sprinkle Harvey and Moorish; and some of the black race, such as Toop, Nubian, Sahawei and Kanuri.

经济状况沙漠的经济发展极为困难，对传统的撒哈拉沙漠几乎未有所改变。在殖民统治撒哈拉沙漠期间，殖民当局对这块看似没有希望的地区的经济发展毫无兴趣。但第二次世界大战之后，尤其在发现了石油之后，此地引起了国际的兴趣和投资。Economic situation

The economic development of the desert is extremely difficult, it hardly changed to the tradition of the Sahara Desert . During the colonial rule in the Sahara desert, the colonial authorities had no interest in the seemingly hopeless economic development of this areas . But after the Second World War, especially after the discovery of petroleum in here, it caused international interest and investment.

历史文化撒哈拉沙漠气候炎热干燥。然而,令人迷惑不懈的是：在这极端干旱缺水、土地龟裂、植物稀少的矿地,竟然曾经有过繁荣昌盛的远古文明。沙漠上许多绮丽多姿的大型壁画,就是这远古文明的结晶。

考古学上证明，已陆陆续续有形形色色的人在撒哈拉沙漠定居，动植物的培育驯养导致职业的专门化。游牧民的大迁徙方便了他们卷入全撒哈拉沙漠的贸易。

Historical culture

The Sahara desert climate is hot and dry. However, the confusing thing is: in the extreme drought and water shortage, cracked land, sparse vegetation land mine, there was once a thriving and prosperous ancient civilization. In desert, many beautiful and colorful mural are the crystallization of this ancient civilization.

According to Archaeological proof, all sorts of people had settled in the Sahara desert, plant cultivation and domestication led to professional specialization. The great migrations of the nomads facilitate their involvement in the trade of the Sahara desert.

交通运输

撒哈拉沙漠，传统上都是通过骆驼队，缓慢、艰苦，也很危险。需冒迷路、过热、窒息人的沙暴以及饿死、渴死等危险，再加上还可能遭到打劫。尽管有这么多危险、困难，沿著连接绿洲的商队路线的泛撒哈拉沙漠贸易从很早时候起就一直延续了下来。Transportation

In the Sahara desert, the transportation are through the camel corps traditionally. It’s not only slow,hard, but also very dangerous. People need bear the risk of lost, overheating, suffocative sandstorm, starvation and the death of thirsty, and perhaps coupled with rob. Despite those dangers, difficulties, along the connection oasis caravan route of the trans, Saharan trade has lasted from a very early time.