曼德拉总统生平英语简介
七年级英语下册 Module 7 My past life曼德拉简介文章素材 外研版
曼德拉的一生纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉（Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela）1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯一个大酋长家庭，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格，当过律师。
曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。
非国大执委、德兰士瓦省主席、全国副主席。
他成功地组织并领导了“蔑视不公正法令运动”，赢得了全体黑人的尊敬。
于1994年至1999年间任南非总统。
曼德拉曾在牢中服刑了27年，在其40年的政治生涯中获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。
南非首位黑人总统（任期：1994年-1999年），被尊称为南非国父。
2008年7月18日，曼德拉90岁生日。
对于早已隐退的他，南非以至于整个世界似乎都不愿意接受曼德拉的隐退。
在姆贝基刚成为总统时，《金融周刊》编辑穆博蒂曾描绘他是如何受到欢迎，但如今他则写道：“无需多说，他们的王子已经变成一只青蛙。
”“曼德拉团结了这个国家，姆贝基却分裂了它。
”曼德拉一生致力于消除的差距依旧触目惊心地存在，在富裕的社区里，白人拥有豪宅而黑人只能给他们锄草施肥。
作为后种族隔离时代的许多改革措施之一，白人和黑人的孩子们坐在同一个教室里上课，白人家长惊讶于他们的下一代如此和睦相处。
但是仍然可以看到差别：白人小孩家中塞满了玩具，而黑人小孩家里只有可怜巴巴一间房。
南非正遭受着除战争区之外最严重的暴力犯罪，尤其是在约翰内斯堡附近的豪登地区。
该国艾滋病病毒携带者居世界首位。
姆贝基遭到工会和左翼人士的抨击，因为非国大的亲商政策迟迟未能兑现黑人政权造福贫困人口的承诺。
失业率徘徊在23%左右。
南非的经济增长正遭受电力危机威胁，通胀可能继续走高。
由于对津巴布韦危机的调解不力，姆贝基也受到批评。
该国正在恶化的危机使得数百万难民涌向邻国，尤其是南非。
今年5月，这些难民成为骇人听闻的排外暴力的目标。
外国人被活生生烧死的情景令人想起种族隔离晚期的诸多野蛮暴力。
曼德拉简介 英文 完整版PPT课件
MANDEL
1
.
His Birth
*Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei , South Africa on 18 july 1918
*His father was head of the famous tribe “Tembo”
*He died and Nelson was still young, but he was elected instead of his father and began preparing for the job
*Members of his tribe titled him “Madiba” that mean “great revered” and has become synonymous with “Nelson Mandela”
2Hale Waihona Puke .His Education
*Mandela completed his primary school in a boarding school in 1930.
*He has followed his studying by
correspondence from
Johannesburg and received BA and
then joined Witwatersrand
university to study law.
3
.
His Political activity
* Then he began preparation for a BA degree from “Fort Hare” University but in 1940 he separated from the university with his friend “Oliver Tambo” accused of participating in a student strike.
曼德拉
人物资料：曼德拉生平简介2013年06月24日 16:32分享到：更多0人参与00条评论0在他任职总统前，曼德拉是积极的反种族隔离人士，同时也是非洲国民大会的武装组织民族之矛（Umkhonto we Sizwe）的领袖。
当曼德拉领导反种族隔离运动时，南非法院以密谋推翻政府等罪名将他定罪。
依据判决，曼德拉在牢中服刑了27年，其中大多数的日子在罗本岛度过。
他现为着名的政界元老，持续对时事话题发表他的见解。
在南非，他普遍被昵称为马迪巴（Madiba），其是曼德拉家族中长辈对他的荣誉头衔。
这个称谓也变成了纳尔逊·曼德拉的同义词。
1990年2月11日出狱后，曼德拉转而支持调解与协商，并在推动多元族群民主的过渡期挺身领导南非。
自种族隔离制度终结以来，曼德拉受到了来自各界的赞许，包括从前的反对者。
曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显着的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。
曼德拉是腾布王朝（Thembu）非长子家族的一员，其统治南非开普省的特兰斯凯地区。
他出生于牡韦佐，一个坐落于特兰斯凯首府阿姆塔塔一带的小村庄。
他的父系曾祖父努班库卡（Ngubengcuka，逝于1832年），以国王（Inkosi Enkhulu）之姿统治着腾布人。
国王的其中一个儿子，名为曼德拉，成了纳尔逊的祖父，也是他的姓氏的由来。
然而，由于他的母亲来自于伊克斯伊巴家族（Ixhiba，所谓的“左方王室”），因此依照传统，他的后裔并没有资格继承腾布的王位。
曼德拉的父亲葛德拉·汉瑞·孟伐肯伊斯瓦（Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa），在牡韦佐城镇担任部落酋长。
然而，由于与殖民当局之间的格格不入，他们夺去了孟伐肯伊斯瓦的地位，并将他的家族移至库努。
尽管如此，孟伐肯伊斯瓦仍然是国王的枢密院的一员，担任琼金塔巴·达林岱波（Jongintaba Dalindyebo）登上腾布王位的要角。
早年生活纳尔逊曼德拉成为他们家族中唯一上过学的成员。
曼德拉 人物简介 英语课件PPT课件
He joined the African National Congress （非洲人国民大会 简称ANC）in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party‘s apartheid policies （种族隔离 政策）after 1948.
when many fellow leaders of the ANC and
the military organization were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting（密 谋） to overthrow the
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was
born in Transkei,(特兰斯凯 )
South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was a Chief (酋长)of a tribe． Mandela has strong character even from he was a child and he advocates national hero vuey much．As the oldest son in his family, Mandela was appointed as the successor of the tribe,but he refused that ．He said he would never adominate a tribe,which was under oppressed,with a cheif identify．He wanted to throw himself into the career of the national liberation．
曼德拉的英文简介
曼德拉的英文简介纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉,先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格，下面是小编为你整理的曼德拉的英文简介，希望对你有用!纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉简介July 18, 1818, Mandela was born in South Africa Trance Kay, Mandela since childhood character strong, respect for national heroes. He was the eldest son of his family and was designated as the heir to the chief. But he said: "Do not want to rule the emperor as an oppressed tribe," and to "in the name of a soldier in the name of the liberation of the cause of national", he resolutely embarked on the road of the pursuit of national liberation. Mandela took part in the South African African National Congress (NPC), which advocated non-violent struggle in 1944. In 1948 was elected the National Youth League "Youth League" national secretary, 1950, the ANC "Youth League" national chairman. In 1952 he served as chairman of the ANC, Dransceva province, vice chairman of the country. At the end of the same year, he successfully organized and led the "contempt for injustice movement", won the respect of all blacks. He had secretly visited abroad and attended the Pan African Games heldin Addis Ababa, calling for economic sanctions against South Africa. In June 1961 Mandela created the Nazi military organization "national spear", served as commander in chief. In August 1962, Mandela was arrested and imprisoned, when he was only 43 years old, the South African government sentenced him to political incitement and illegal transgression 5 years imprisonment. In June 1964, he was accused of conspiracy to subvert the crime and sentenced to life imprisonment, from the beginning of a long iron window career, in prison spent up to 27 spring and autumn, he was persecuted and tortured, but always strong unyielding. February 11, 1990, the South African authorities at home and abroad under the pressure of public opinion, was forced to declare unconditional release Mandela. In March the same year, he was appointed by the National Executive Committee as vice chairman, acting chairman, in July 1991 was elected chairman. In 1993 the identity of the founder of peace was awarded the year's "Time magazine" one of the first man of the year. In April 1994, the ANC won the first non-racial election in South Africa. In May the same year, Mandela became South Africa's first black president. In December 1997, Mandela resigned as chairman of the ANC and said he was no longer in the June 1999 presidential campaign. June 1999 officiallyresigned.On November 10, 20xx, the 64th session of the General Assembly adopted a resolution, since 20xx, will be held every year on July 18 Mandela's birthday as "Mandela International Day" in recognition of his peace and freedom to make The contribution.Works "to the road of freedom will not be flat""Struggle is life"The Declaration on Freedom of the WorldAutobiography "free road long"20xx World Cup in South Africa June 11 local time at 2 pm will be in Johannesburg football city stadium opened, Mandela will appear at the opening ceremony of the World Cup, and he arrived at the way the way the helicopter will be Beijing time on June 11 at noon, the Mandela Foundation announced a bad news, in this world are celebrating the World Cup is about to start the tragedy: South Africa's former president Nielsen - Mandela's granddaughter, 13 years old Of Zenani - Mandela in the World Cup on the eve of the concert after the accident suffered a car accident.This tragedy took place a few hours before Mr. Mandela's attendance at the opening ceremony of the World Cup, a greatblow to the former president of South Africa, and the tragic event was whether he would attend South Africa World Cup opening ceremony questioned.Mandela Foundation said Zenani - Mandela is watching the last night at the Orlando Stadium in Johannesburg after the Soweto concert, in the local time on June 11 at 0:30 (Beijing time on June 11 Day 6:30) around the way home by car accident killed. According to BBC reporters, due to the highway was too slippery, Zenani - Mandela's car finally out of the highway overturned to the ground. A spokesman for the police said that at that time with Zenani - Mandela is Mandela's ex-wife Winnie - Marty Kisarra, but, in addition to Zenani died, other colleagues did not appear casualties. At present, the police have taken the driver away from the investigation, because the scene without any other victims and colliding vehicles, so they suspect that this is a deliberate homicide."Mandela's family now wants the public to give them some private space to deal with funeral and mourning," the Mandela Foundation said in a statement.Zenani is one of the nine great-grandchildren of Mandela, who had just spent his 13th birthday on June 9, and there was news that she would have attended the opening ceremony of theWorld Cup in South Africa with Mr. Mandela. This tragedy took place a few hours before Mr. Mandela's attendance at the opening ceremony of the World Cup, a great blow to the former president of South Africa, which eventually led to Mandela's absence The opening ceremony of the World Cup in South Africa.Up to now, the Mandela Foundation's official website and the major media in South Africa have not reported on the matter and Mr. Mandela's next move, and wish the 92-year-old to survive this near-devastating blow TheBeijing time on June 11, the former president of South Africa, Nelson - Mandela's granddaughter died because of a car accident died 10 hours later, Mandela Foundation official website issued a circular, the official statement, Mr. Mandela After the death of the granddaughter, Mandela will no longer attend the opening ceremony of the 20xx World Cup in South Africa. The Mandela Foundation stated in the notice that Mr. Mandela would not be fit to appear at the opening ceremony of the World Cup as a result of Mr Mandela's great-granddaughter. The Mandela Foundation hopes that all the people of South Africa and the peoples of the world will be able to give Mr. Mandela and his family a firm support and encouragement to help them through this sad time.Mandela Foundation said they still believe that the 20xx World Cup in South Africa for South Africa and the entire African continent will be a historic moment, and will be a great success. Mr. Mandela Although I can not visit the opening scene, but his spirit will be with the people of South Africa.June 11, 20xx, at the opening ceremony of the World Cup in South Africa, that moment of the hero, neither gathered Johannesburg star biggest names, nor is the man in charge of FIFA Chairman Blatter, but not the presence of former South African President Nelson Man De laUnfortunately, the 92-year-old Mandela, did not attend the opening ceremony held in the football city. But this did not hinder the South African audience at the opening ceremony, twice shouting his name. Manchester United once the way through the television video to the audience speech, and the other is by his lyrics song in the audience sing.And it is gratifying that, in the 20xx South Africa World Cup closing ceremony, Spain 1: 0 Dutch won the championship, and Mandela also accompanied his wife sitting on the electric four-wheeled car, together with the closing ceremony, by the Football Federation Chairman and some dignitaries of the meeting, and Mandela up to fifteen minutes of waving, let ussee the elderly optimistic attitude of life, there will not be beaten strong. Football is the world, regardless of race, regardless of color, regardless of rich and poor.Mandela, a black leader of South Africa who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his great contribution to the abolition of the South African Racial Discrimination Policy.纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉诺贝尔奖In 1991, UNESCO awarded Mandela "Wufuer - Bovini for Peace Prize". In October 1993, the Nobel Peace Commission awarded him the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of his contribution to the abolition of the South African Racial Discrimination Policy. In the same year he was also awarded the American Philadelphia Medal of Freedom with the then South African President De Klerk. In September 1998 Mandela visited the United States, won the US "Congress Gold Award", became the first to obtain the highest award of the African Americans. In August 20xx, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) was awarded the "Kama" Medal in recognition of his outstanding achievements in the long-term struggle to lead the people of South Africa in the struggle for peace in the realization of the old and new South Africa, as well as during the presidency of SADC contribution.1992 Mandela and Winnie separation, March 19, 1996, thecourt ruled that Mandela and Winnie divorce. The current wife, Graca Machel, was the widow of Mozambique's former president, Zamora, and married Adelaide on 18 July 1998.In October 1992, he visited China for the first time and was awarded a doctorate degree in honor law from Peking University on the 5th. In May 1999, President Mandela was invited to visit China. He was the first South African head of state to visit China.---来源网络整理，仅供参考。
曼德拉的一生英语短作文
曼德拉的一生英语短作文曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）是南非的一位伟大领袖，他的一生充满了奋斗、坚持和牺牲。
作为南非民族解放运动的象征，他为推动南非的民主化和种族和解做出了卓越贡献。
下面是关于曼德拉一生的英语短文：Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, in thevillage of Mvezo in South Africa. He was destined for greatness, but little did anyone know just how significant his impact on the world would be. Mandela grew up in a society marked by racial segregation and discrimination, where the majority black population was oppressed by the minority white government. Despite the odds stacked against him, Mandela was determined to fight for justice and equality.Mandela's journey as a leader and activist began when he joined the African National Congress (ANC) in the 1940s. He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming one of the leading voices against apartheid, the system ofinstitutionalized racial segregation enforced by the South African government. Mandela's activism landed him in hot water with the authorities, and he was arrested multiple times for his political activities.In 1964, Mandela was sentenced to life in prison forhis involvement in anti-apartheid activities. He spent the next 27 years behind bars, enduring harsh conditions and separation from his family. Despite the hardships, Mandela remained steadfast in his commitment to the cause of freedom. His imprisonment only served to galvanize support for the anti-apartheid movement both within South Africaand around the world.Finally, in 1990, Mandela was released from prison, signaling the beginning of a new era for South Africa. He wasted no time in working towards reconciliation and democracy, leading negotiations with the government to dismantle apartheid and establish free and fair elections. Mandela's efforts culminated in the historic 1994 elections, in which he was elected as South Africa's first black president.As president, Mandela faced the daunting task of leading a deeply divided nation towards unity and reconciliation. He embraced the concept of forgiveness, famously declaring, "Courageous people do not fear forgiving, for the sake of peace." Mandela workedtirelessly to bridge the gap between black and white South Africans, promoting policies of inclusivity and equality.Mandela's presidency was marked by significant progress in areas such as healthcare, education, and social welfare. He also played a key role in promoting peace and stability across the African continent, earning him widespread admiration and respect both at home and abroad. Despite stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued to be a global advocate for human rights and social justice until his passing in 2013.In conclusion, Nelson Mandela's life serves as a testament to the power of perseverance, courage, and forgiveness. From his humble beginnings in rural South Africa to his historic presidency, Mandela remained true tohis principles and never wavered in his commitment to justice and equality. His legacy continues to inspire people around the world to strive for a better, more just society.。
曼德拉人物介绍英语作文
曼德拉人物介绍英语作文Title: Nelson Mandela: A Beacon of Hope and Resilience。
Nelson Mandela, a towering figure in the history of South Africa and the world at large, exemplifies theepitome of resilience, courage, and leadership. Born onJuly 18, 1918, in the small village of Mvezo, Transkei, Mandela's life journey would come to symbolize the struggle against injustice and oppression.Mandela's early years were marked by the injustices of apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that pervaded South African society. Despite the limitations imposed by apartheid, Mandela pursued his education, studying law at the University ofFort Hare and later at the University of Witwatersrand. His commitment to justice and equality was evident even in his youth, foreshadowing the remarkable path he would later embark upon.In the 1940s, Mandela became increasingly involved in the anti-apartheid movement, joining the African National Congress (ANC) and dedicating himself to the fight against racial inequality. His activism did not go unnoticed by the apartheid regime, and Mandela soon found himself targeted by authorities. Despite the risks, he continued to advocate for change, believing firmly in the power of nonviolent resistance to overcome oppression.However, the Sharpeville Massacre of 1960, in which peaceful protestors were gunned down by police, marked a turning point in Mandela's approach. Faced with escalating violence and repression, he recognized the need for more assertive action. In 1961, Mandela helped establish Umkhonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation), the armed wing of the ANC, leading a campaign of sabotage against government targets.Mandela's activities eventually led to his arrest and imprisonment in 1962, where he would spend the next 27 years of his life behind bars. Despite the harsh conditions of his confinement, Mandela remained steadfast in hiscommitment to the cause of freedom. His imprisonment only served to galvanize support for the anti-apartheid movement both domestically and internationally, turning him into a global symbol of resistance.It was not until 1990 that Mandela was finally released from prison, a momentous event that heralded the dawn of a new era for South Africa. Mandela emerged fromincarceration with a message of reconciliation and unity, advocating for a peaceful transition to democracy. His efforts culminated in the historic elections of 1994, in which South Africa held its first multiracial elections, and Mandela was elected as the country's first black president.As president, Mandela embarked on a mission of nation-building and reconciliation, seeking to heal the wounds of the past and forge a new future for South Africa. He established the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, a forum for victims and perpetrators of apartheid-era crimes to come together and confront the past. Mandela's leadership during this critical period helped to avert thepossibility of a civil war and laid the foundation for a more inclusive and democratic society.Beyond his presidency, Mandela continued to be a leading advocate for social justice and human rights, both in South Africa and around the world. Through his work with organizations such as the Nelson Mandela Foundation, he sought to promote education, healthcare, and economic development in impoverished communities.Nelson Mandela passed away on December 5, 2013, but his legacy lives on as an enduring symbol of hope and resilience. His life story serves as a reminder that evenin the face of seemingly insurmountable obstacles, the human spirit can prevail. Mandela's unwavering commitment to justice and equality continues to inspire generations to strive for a better world.。
英文介绍作文曼德拉
英文介绍作文曼德拉Nelson Mandela was a remarkable leader and advocate for human rights. He dedicated his life to fighting against apartheid in South Africa and promoting equality andjustice for all. Mandela's courage and determination inspired people around the world and his legacy continues to impact society today.Born on July 18, 1918, Mandela grew up in a small village in South Africa. He was the son of a tribal chief and was exposed to the injustices of apartheid from a young age. Mandela's early experiences shaped his passion for social justice and his commitment to fighting against discrimination.In his early adulthood, Mandela became involved in the African National Congress (ANC), a political party that aimed to end apartheid. He was a vocal critic of the South African government and its oppressive policies. Mandela's activism led to his arrest and imprisonment for 27 years.Despite the harsh conditions of his confinement, Mandela remained resilient and never wavered in his belief in the power of justice and equality.After his release from prison in 1990, Mandela continued his fight against apartheid and worked towards a peaceful transition to democracy in South Africa. He played a pivotal role in negotiations with the government and was instrumental in the dismantling of apartheid. In 1994, Mandela became the first black president of South Africa, marking a significant milestone in the country's history.Throughout his life, Mandela emphasized the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation. He believed that in order to move forward, South Africans needed to come together and heal the wounds of the past. Mandela's commitment to forgiveness and unity earned him the respect and admiration of people from all walks of life.Mandela's impact extends far beyond his presidency. He established the Nelson Mandela Foundation, which works to promote education, health, and social justice in SouthAfrica. Mandela also dedicated his efforts to global causes, such as the fight against HIV/AIDS and the eradication of poverty.Nelson Mandela's legacy is one of resilience, courage, and unwavering commitment to justice. His life serves as a reminder that one person can make a difference and that the fight for equality and human rights is ongoing. Mandela's words and actions continue to inspire future generations to strive for a more just and inclusive world.。
曼德拉的英文简介
曼德拉的英文简介纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉,先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格，下面是店铺为你整理的曼德拉的英文简介，希望对你有用!纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉简介July 18, 1818, Mandela was born in South Africa Trance Kay, Mandela since childhood character strong, respect for national heroes. He was the eldest son of his family and was designated as the heir to the chief. But he said: "Do not want to rule the emperor as an oppressed tribe," and to "in the name of a soldier in the name of the liberation of the cause of national", he resolutely embarked on the road of the pursuit of national liberation. Mandela took part in the South African African National Congress (NPC), which advocated non-violent struggle in 1944. In 1948 was elected the National Youth League "Youth League" national secretary, 1950, the ANC "Youth League" national chairman. In 1952 he served as chairman of the ANC, Dransceva province, vice chairman of the country. At the end of the same year, he successfully organized and led the "contempt for injustice movement", won the respect of all blacks. He had secretly visited abroad and attended the Pan African Games held in Addis Ababa, calling for economic sanctions against South Africa. In June 1961 Mandela created the Nazi military organization "national spear", served as commander in chief. In August 1962, Mandela was arrested and imprisoned, when he was only 43 years old, the South African government sentenced him to political incitement and illegal transgression 5 years imprisonment. In June 1964, he was accused of conspiracy to subvert the crime and sentenced to life imprisonment, from thebeginning of a long iron window career, in prison spent up to 27 spring and autumn, he was persecuted and tortured, but always strong unyielding. February 11, 1990, the South African authorities at home and abroad under the pressure of public opinion, was forced to declare unconditional release Mandela. In March the same year, he was appointed by the National Executive Committee as vice chairman, acting chairman, in July 1991 was elected chairman. In 1993 the identity of the founder of peace was awarded the year's "Time magazine" one of the first man of the year. In April 1994, the ANC won the first non-racial election in South Africa. In May the same year, Mandela became South Africa's first black president. In December 1997, Mandela resigned as chairman of the ANC and said he was no longer in the June 1999 presidential campaign. June 1999 officially resigned.On November 10, 2009, the 64th session of the General Assembly adopted a resolution, since 2010, will be held every year on July 18 Mandela's birthday as "Mandela International Day" in recognition of his peace and freedom to make The contribution.Works "to the road of freedom will not be flat""Struggle is life"The Declaration on Freedom of the WorldAutobiography "free road long"2010 World Cup in South Africa June 11 local time at 2 pm will be in Johannesburg football city stadium opened, Mandela will appear at the opening ceremony of the World Cup, and he arrived at the way the way the helicopter will beBeijing time on June 11 at noon, the Mandela Foundation announced a bad news, in this world are celebrating the WorldCup is about to start the tragedy: South Africa's former president Nielsen - Mandela's granddaughter, 13 years old Of Zenani - Mandela in the World Cup on the eve of the concert after the accident suffered a car accident.This tragedy took place a few hours before Mr. Mandela's attendance at the opening ceremony of the World Cup, a great blow to the former president of South Africa, and the tragic event was whether he would attend South Africa World Cup opening ceremony questioned.Mandela Foundation said Zenani - Mandela is watching the last night at the Orlando Stadium in Johannesburg after the Soweto concert, in the local time on June 11 at 0:30 (Beijing time on June 11 Day 6:30) around the way home by car accident killed. According to BBC reporters, due to the highway was too slippery, Zenani - Mandela's car finally out of the highway overturned to the ground. A spokesman for the police said that at that time with Zenani - Mandela is Mandela's ex-wife Winnie - Marty Kisarra, but, in addition to Zenani died, other colleagues did not appear casualties. At present, the police have taken the driver away from the investigation, because the scene without any other victims and colliding vehicles, so they suspect that this is a deliberate homicide."Mandela's family now wants the public to give them some private space to deal with funeral and mourning," the Mandela Foundation said in a statement.Zenani is one of the nine great-grandchildren of Mandela, who had just spent his 13th birthday on June 9, and there was news that she would have attended the opening ceremony of the World Cup in South Africa with Mr. Mandela. This tragedy took place a few hours before Mr. Mandela's attendance at theopening ceremony of the World Cup, a great blow to the former president of South Africa, which eventually led to Mandela's absence The opening ceremony of the World Cup in South Africa.Up to now, the Mandela Foundation's official website and the major media in South Africa have not reported on the matter and Mr. Mandela's next move, and wish the 92-year-old to survive this near-devastating blow TheBeijing time on June 11, the former president of South Africa, Nelson - Mandela's granddaughter died because of a car accident died 10 hours later, Mandela Foundation official website issued a circular, the official statement, Mr. Mandela After the death of the granddaughter, Mandela will no longer attend the opening ceremony of the 2010 World Cup in South Africa. The Mandela Foundation stated in the notice that Mr. Mandela would not be fit to appear at the opening ceremony of the World Cup as a result of Mr Mandela's great-granddaughter. The Mandela Foundation hopes that all the people of South Africa and the peoples of the world will be able to give Mr. Mandela and his family a firm support and encouragement to help them through this sad time.Mandela Foundation said they still believe that the 2010 World Cup in South Africa for South Africa and the entire African continent will be a historic moment, and will be a great success. Mr. Mandela Although I can not visit the opening scene, but his spirit will be with the people of South Africa.June 11, 2010, at the opening ceremony of the World Cup in South Africa, that moment of the hero, neither gathered Johannesburg star biggest names, nor is the man in charge of FIFA Chairman Blatter, but not the presence of former South African President Nelson Man De laUnfortunately, the 92-year-old Mandela, did not attend the opening ceremony held in the football city. But this did not hinder the South African audience at the opening ceremony, twice shouting his name. Manchester United once the way through the television video to the audience speech, and the other is by his lyrics song in the audience sing.And it is gratifying that, in the 2010 South Africa World Cup closing ceremony, Spain 1: 0 Dutch won the championship, and Mandela also accompanied his wife sitting on the electric four-wheeled car, together with the closing ceremony, by the Football Federation Chairman and some dignitaries of the meeting, and Mandela up to fifteen minutes of waving, let us see the elderly optimistic attitude of life, there will not be beaten strong. Football is the world, regardless of race, regardless of color, regardless of rich and poor.Mandela, a black leader of South Africa who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his great contribution to the abolition of the South African Racial Discrimination Policy.纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉诺贝尔奖In 1991, UNESCO awarded Mandela "Wufuer - Bovini for Peace Prize". In October 1993, the Nobel Peace Commission awarded him the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of his contribution to the abolition of the South African Racial Discrimination Policy. In the same year he was also awarded the American Philadelphia Medal of Freedom with the then South African President De Klerk. In September 1998 Mandela visited the United States, won the US "Congress Gold Award", became the first to obtain the highest award of the African Americans. In August 2000, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) was awarded the "Kama" Medal in recognition of hisoutstanding achievements in the long-term struggle to lead the people of South Africa in the struggle for peace in the realization of the old and new South Africa, as well as during the presidency of SADC contribution.1992 Mandela and Winnie separation, March 19, 1996, the court ruled that Mandela and Winnie divorce. The current wife, Graca Machel, was the widow of Mozambique's former president, Zamora, and married Adelaide on 18 July 1998.In October 1992, he visited China for the first time and was awarded a doctorate degree in honor law from Peking University on the 5th. In May 1999, President Mandela was invited to visit China. He was the first South African head of state to visit China.。
曼德拉人物介绍英语作文
Nelson Mandela was a towering figure in the history of South Africa and a global icon for peace and justice.Born on July18,1918,in the small village of Qunu in the Eastern Cape of South Africa,Mandela would grow to become a central figure in the fight against apartheid,a system of institutionalized racial discrimination and segregation enforced by the South African government.Early Life and EducationMandela matriculated at the Clarkebury Boarding Institute and later the Healdtown Wesleyan College,where he was first exposed to the ideas of African nationalism.He would go on to study law at the University of Fort Hare,where his political consciousness was further awakened.Political ActivismMandela joined the African National Congress ANC in1942,initially as a member of the ANC Youth League.He quickly rose through the ranks,becoming a leading figure in the organization.His commitment to ending apartheid led him to become involved in both peaceful protests and,later,armed resistance through the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe,the armed wing of the ANC.ImprisonmentIn1962,Mandela was arrested and charged with inciting workers to strike and leaving the country without permission.He was sentenced to five years in prison.In1964,while still serving his sentence,he was charged with sabotage and conspiracy to violently overthrow the government,leading to his conviction and a life sentence.Mandela spent27years in prison,most of which were at the notorious Robben Island. Despite the harsh conditions,he became a symbol of resistance and hope for millions around the world.Release and PresidencyIn February1990,after international pressure and negotiations,Mandela was released from prison.His release marked a turning point in South African history,leading to the dismantling of apartheid and the first multiracial elections in1994.Mandela was elected as South Africas first black president,serving from1994to1999.Presidency and LegacyAs president,Mandela focused on reconciliation between South Africas racial groups.He established the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses.His presidency laid the foundation for a new democratic South Africa, emphasizing the importance of education,health care,and land reform.Mandelas legacy extends beyond his presidency.He became a global advocate for human rights,social justice,and equality.His charisma,resilience,and unwavering commitment to freedom and justice earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in1993,which he shared with then South African President F.W.de Klerk.Later YearsAfter his presidency,Mandela continued to work on charitable causes through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.He focused on issues such as HIV/AIDS awareness,childrens rights,and rural poverty.Death and LegacyNelson Mandela passed away on December5,2013,but his impact on South Africa and the world remains profound.He is remembered for his leadership,his fight against injustice,and his message of hope and reconciliation.Mandelas life serves as an inspiration to generations,reminding us of the power of resilience,the importance of standing up for ones beliefs,and the possibility of change through peaceful means.。
曼德拉简介 英文 完整版
*He remained in prison until 11
February, 1990
7
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Nobel Prize
*In 1993,Nelson won the Nobel Prize for Peace with President Frederick Declark Who was announced to stop the ban that was imposed on the African Congress
8
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The presidency of South
Africa *Mandela became the first black
president of South Africa (May 1994 - to June 2000).
*During his administration South Africa has seen a major transition from minority rule to majority rule.
*In 1961, Mandela became president of the military wing of the A.N.C
*He held the presidency of the
African Council (June 1991 - to
Dec5 ember 1997)
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Nelson In Jail
* Then he began preparation for a BA degree from “Fort Hare” University but in 1940 he separated from the university with his friend “Oliver Tambo” accused of participating in a student strike.
曼德拉生平简介英语作文
曼德拉生平简介英语作文Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, a name synonymous with courage, resilience, and leadership, looms large in the history of South Africa and the global struggle for justice and equality. Born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, South Africa, to a Xhosa chief and his wife, Mandela's life was marked by challenges and triumphs that would go down in history.Raised in a rural setting, Mandela early on developed a strong sense of community and social justice. His education at Healdtown Boys' School and Fort Hare Universityinstilled in him the values of hard work, perseverance, and the importance of education in transforming society. However, it was his encounter with apartheid, the racist system of segregation in South Africa, that truly shapedhis life's work.In 1944, Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC), a political party fighting for the rights of black South Africans. He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a prominent figure in the struggle against apartheid. In 1961, he was elected as the ANC's chief of staff, and in1962, he was arrested and sentenced to five years in prison for his activism.This was just the beginning of Mandela's long journey behind bars. In 1964, he was convicted of conspiracy to overthrow the government and sentenced to life imprisonment. He spent the next 27 years in various prisons, enduringhard labor, solitary confinement, and the constant threatof violence.Yet, Mandela never lost his faith in humanity or his commitment to the cause of freedom. He used his imprisonment as an opportunity to study, reflect, and plan for the future. His popularity grew as he became a symbolof resistance and hope for the oppressed people of South Africa.In 1990, after years of international pressure and negotiations, Mandela was finally released from prison. His release was a watershed moment in South African history, signaling a new era of reconciliation and unity. In 1994,he was elected as the first black president of South Africa, a position he held until 1999.As president, Mandela implemented sweeping political and economic reforms, aiming to dismantle the legacy of apartheid and build a more inclusive society. Heprioritized education, healthcare, and infrastructure development, and worked to reconcile the divide between black and white South Africans.Mandela's presidency was marked by his unwavering commitment to peace and reconciliation. He forgiveness and reconciliation as a key to healing the nation's wounds. His famous speech at the inauguration of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, in which he said, "Let there be forgiveness for those who have repaid their debt to society and made amends for their past wrongs," captured the spirit of his presidency and his belief in the power of forgiveness.After leaving office, Mandela remained an influential figure both domestically and internationally. He campaigned for social justice and human rights causes, and advocated for the eradication of poverty and HIV/AIDS. He died on December 5, 2013, at the age of 95, but his legacy lives on in the hearts of millions.Nelson Mandela was a true leader, a man who dedicatedhis life to the cause of freedom and equality. His resilience, courage, and commitment to justice will forever be remembered and celebrated. He is a beacon of hope for oppressed people around the world, a reminder that through struggle and perseverance, anything is possible.**曼德拉：南非之光，世界领袖**纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉，这个名字与勇气、毅力和领导力同义，在南非乃至全球争取正义与平等的斗争中占据重要地位。
曼德拉英文简介
纳尔逊· 罗 利赫拉赫 拉·曼德拉 Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela
He was born in South Africa in 1918.
Graduated from Witwatersrand University(威特沃特斯兰德大 学)and got LLB degree.(法学学士 学位)
In 1962,Mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years in prison with hard labor. In 1964,Mndela was sentenced to life imprisonment(终生监禁).
Mandela’s room
Mandela led many peaceful actions during 1950s. There are several main actions: 蔑视运动；召开南非人民代表大会， 通过“自由宪章”· · · · · · · · ·
Mandela was arrested in 1956.12.05 and indicted with treason.（叛国罪） The court found Mandela not guilty in 1961. Mandela began military actions in 1961.12.16. He visited several African countries in 1962.
In 1944 he founded the ANC Youth League (非国大青年联盟)
• The new government carried out apartheid（种族 隔离政策）in 1948.
曼德拉英文简介
Mandela led many peaceful actions during 1950s. There are several main actions: 蔑视运动；召开南非人民代表大会， 通过“自由宪章”· · · · · · · · ·
Mandela was arrested in 1956.12.05 and indicted with treason.（叛国罪） The court found Mandela not guilty in 1961. Mandela began military actions in 1961.12.16. He visited several African countries in 1962.
• Mandela finished his duty of president in 1999.And he decided not to fight an election
Sport is an important part of his life. He loves boxing
Young Mandela
Mandela died of a long standing lung disease on Thursday at his Johannesburg home, at the age of 95 .
纳尔逊· 罗 利赫拉赫 拉·曼德拉born in South Africa in 1918.
Graduated from Witwatersrand University(威特沃特斯兰德大 学)and got LLB degree.(法学学士 学位)
In 1990.02.11, the government released Mandela because of the public opinion pressure.
纳尔逊曼德拉简介英语
纳尔逊曼德拉简介英语纳尔逊曼德拉，曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。
于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为“南非国父”。
下面是店铺给大家整理的纳尔逊曼德拉简介英语，供大家参阅!纳尔逊曼德拉简介Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, July 18, 1918 - December 5, 2013), was born in South Africa Terence Kay, has won the South African University Bachelor of Arts and Witwae University of Teslan. Former National Committee of the National Youth League National Committee, Chairman. From 1994 to 1999 served as president of South Africa, is the first black president, was known as the "father of South Africa."Before the presidency, Mandela was a leader of active anti-apartheid, and also a national leader of the armed groups of the African National Congress. When he led the anti-apartheid movement, the South African court convicted him with conspiracy to overthrow the government. According to the verdict, Mandela served in prison for 27 years. After his release in 1990, he turned to support mediation and consultation, and led the country in transition in the transition to democracy. Since the end of the apartheid system, Mandela has received praise from all walks of life, including former opponents.Mandela won more than 100 awards in 40 years, the most notable of which was the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. In 2004, it was chosen as the greatest South Africans.纳尔逊曼德拉生平经历Early lifeNelson Raleigh Herah la Mandela is the only member of the family to go to school, primary school teacher named him Nelson.When Mandela was 9 years old, his father died of tuberculosis. Tribe in the regent became his guardian, Mandela then went to leave the father of the palace not far from the school of the West school. According to Tengbu's habit, he was 16 years old from the industry. Mandela spent two years to complete the usual 3 years to complete the junior high school. Because of his father's status, he was designated as the successor of the dynasty.Mandela met at the University of Fordhar, met a good friend of life, good colleagues - Oliver Tambo. And in the first year of his career at Mandela, he was involved in activities that students would boycott school unreasonable policies. He was ordered to drop out and was told that he would not be able to return to school unless he accepted the election results of the student union. Since then, Mandela won a correspondence law degree at the University of London.After leaving Fordhar, Mandela arranged to marry with the heir of the Tengbu family. But he chose to escape, left his hometown came to Johannesburg. When he arrived in Johannesburg, he found a job in the coal mine. However, when the mine owner found Mandela is fleeing aristocracy after the rapid dismissal of him. Mandela then found a clerical work at a law firm in Johannesburg, where he completed his bachelor's degree at the University of South Africa, after which he began to study law at Jinshan University in Johannesburg. Mandela lived in Jakarta University in the north of Johannesburg and met his colleagues in the anti-apartheid period - Joslo Loew, Harris Watts and Ruth Foster.Join politics1944 participated in the non-violent struggle of the South African African National Congress (referred to as the ANC).In 1948, the South African Kuomintang, which was governed by the Boers, won the general election. As the party supported the policy of apartheid, Mandela began to actively join politics in his 1952 anti-Nationalist movement and the 1955 People's Assembly Played a leading role, the basis of these movements is the freedom of the Charter. At the same time, Mandela and his lawyer Oliver Tambo opened the Mandela Tanbo law firm, for the defense of black lawyers to provide free or low-cost legal advisory services, and has served as non-country Large executive committee, chairman of the province of Delaware, vice chairman of the country. At the end of 1952, he successfully organized and led the "contempt for injustice movement", won the respect of all blacks. T o this end, the South African authorities have twice issued a ban on his participation in public meetings.September 2, 1958, Hendrik Frensie Vivold served as Prime Minister of South Africa, which during the administration of the "Bantustan law", the move will be more than 1,000 million African black only limited to 12.5% South African land, and at the same time in the country to strengthen the permit system, which intensified the South African black and white conflict, eventually led to the occurrence of the Chapelle Violent.March 21, 1960, the South African military police in Chapelle to the ongoing demonstrations of five thousand protesters fired, massacre led to 69 people were killed and 180 injured, Mandela was also arrested and imprisoned, But finally through the defense of the court for their own defense, and acquitted.In 1961 he led the strike movement to protest and boycott the "South African Republic" established by white racists; then moved into the underground armed struggle. Mandela created the ANC military organization: "the nation's spear" (Umkhontowe Sizwe) and served as commander-in-chief. He had secretly visited abroad and attended the anti-non-free movement conference held in Addis Ababa, calling for economic sanctions against South Africa.Was arrested and imprisonedIn August 1962, under the auspices of the CIA, Mandela was arrested and imprisoned by the South African apartheid regime, when the government sentenced Mandela to imprisonment for five years with "incitement" and "unlawful transgressions". Della began his 27-year "prison career".On October 15, 1962, Mandela was detained at the Prefecture of Pretoria. There, Mandela was detained for the benefit of his own, with a length of 23 hours a day, only half an hour a day for the morning and afternoon. There is no natural light in the separate room, there is no writing, everything is isolated from the outside. Eventually, Mandela gave up some of his rights, and he wanted to be able to communicate with others.June 1964, the South African government to "attempt to violate the government to punish the crime" is serving a sentence of Mandela's life imprisonment, when he was transferred to Robben Island. Robben Island was the largest secret prison in South Africa from the mid-1960s to 1991, and the island had detained a large number of black political prisoners. Mandela in the island of the island of the island only 4.5 square meters, where he was treated by non-human. The prisoners on Robben Island were forced by the jailers to the quarries on the island. On the island, Mandela wants the prison to agree that he opened up a vegetable garden in the yard of the prison, the prison refused many times, but eventually agreed to Mandela's request. On the island, Mandela still insists on physical exercise, such as runningin a cell, doing push-ups for exercise.In 1982, Mandela left Robben Island, where he was transferred to the Poers Moore Prison. Since then, Mandela has ended his 18-year imprisonment in Robben Island. He also opened a garden here, and planted nearly 900 plants.In May 1984, the official allowed Mandela to engage in "contact" visits with his wife, and when his wife heard the news that Mandela could be ill, when they were visiting, they hugged each other, "It was the first time that I had kissed my wife for so many years," said Dela, and for the past few years I have not touched my lady 's hand for 21 years.Regains freedomSouth Africa was subjected to severe sanctions by the international community during the period of the apartheid period, which eventually led to the dismantling of South Africa in 1990 and the achievement of national reconciliation.February 10, 1990, South African President De Klerk announced the unconditional release of Mandela, February 11, 1990, spent in prison for 27 years Mandela finally regained freedom. On the day of his release, he went to the Soweto football field, to 120,000 people published his famous "jail speech." In March 1990, he was appointed by the National Executive Committee of the National Assembly as vice chairman, acting chairman.Served as presidentIn April 1994, the ANC won the first non-racial election in South Africa. On May 9, Mandela became the first black president in South African history after the first multi-racial election in South Africa was announced.In December 1997, Mandela resigned as chairman of theANC and said he was no longer in the June 1999 presidential campaign.On March 12, 1999, he was awarded the honorary doctorate degree by the prestigious university of Leiden. In May, President Mandela was invited to visit China. He was the first South African head of state to visit China. Officially resigned in June.Sick hospitalIn March 2013 Mandela was re-admitted to hospital at midnight on 27th due to recurrence of lung infection, the third time that Mandela was admitted since December 2012 and his second hospital stay in March. At the time of the arrival of Easter in the West, the people of South Africa went to the church to pray for Mandela.June 8, 2013, Mandela due to lung infection recurrence was sent to Pretoria hospital treatment. In the same year on June 12, Mandela grandson Mandila issued a statement that Mandela's condition has improved, Mandela to South Africa and the world for the blessing of Mandela expressed gratitude. June 23, Mandela illness began to deteriorate. The medical team reported that in the past 24 hours, Mandela's condition was "critical".On September 1, 2013, the President of the South African Republic said former President Mandela had left the hospital and returned to the home in Johannesburg to continue to receive intensive care, but the condition was still very serious and the health was sometimes unstable.December 6, 2013 (South Africa time 5), Mandela died in Johannesburg residence, at the age of 95 years. South Africa held a national burial for Mandela, the national half flag.FuneralAt 10:00 on December 10, 2013, Mandela's official memorialservice will be held at the National Bank Gymnasium in Johannesburg, South Africa.December 11, 2013, Mandela's body will be transferred to Pretoria's federal building for three days for the public to pay tribute.Every morning from 11 to 13 December 2013, Mandela's coffin will be patrolled on the main road in Pretoria for the final farewell to their country's father.December 15, 2013 morning, Mandela's funeral ceremony in Mandela children living in Kunu village was held, the specific location is Mandela's family cemetery. Leaders from multiple countries attended the funeral ceremony and spoke, nearly 5,000 people to send Mandela last journey.纳尔逊曼德拉家庭生活family backgroundMandela is a member of the non-eldest son of the kingdom of Thembu, which dominates the Turanje area of Cape Town, South Africa. He was born in the small village of Mouvizo, located in the area of Mttata, the capital of Trentac. His father's great-grandfather, Ngubengcuka, died in 1832, ruled the Tengfu people with the position of the king (Inkosi Enkhulu). One of the sons named Mandela, became Nelson's grandfather, was also the origin of his surname. However, since his mother came from the Ixhiba family (the so-called "left royal family"), according to tradition, his descendants were not qualified to inherit the throne of Tengbu.Mandela's father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, served as tribal chief in the town of Mouvizo. However, due to the incompatibility between the colonial authorities, they took the status of Meng Fanking Islam and moved his family to Kunu. Inspite of this, Meng Fanken Ishwa is still a member of the king's Privy Council and served as the corner of the throne of the throne of the emperor of the emperor.Life partnerMandela's life left the traces of three women. They are: first love lover Evelyn, "black mother" Winnie and "old friend" Graza.23 years old first loveIn 1941, 23-year-old Mandela met the anti-apartheid people Sisu Lu, and with his deep friendship, it is Sisu Lu introduced Mandela to join the ANC. Sicily is not only Mandela's lead, or "old man", Mandela's first love and the first lady Evelyn Metz is the cousin of Sicily. In 1944, Mandela took Evelyn to marry. Evelyn gave birth to three children. But because Mandela devote themselves to anti-apartheid movement, rarely take into account the family, the couple widened, and finally sadly broke up.Mother of the fallMandela's second marriage is the most popular. In 1958, Mandela and young beautiful Winnie at first sight, soon into the marriage hall. "Winnie Mandela" is a well-known name in South Africa. Wynne, who grew up in the struggle against apartheid, won the love of war, loyalty and maternal love, and enjoyed the "black mother" in South Africa.But later, with the status of the continuous improvement, Winnie character insider despotic, brutal overbearing side gradually exposed in front of the world. She advocates violence, life corruption, also occurred extramarital affairs. Mandela was released from prison and found that the South African newspaper was full of Winnie's scandal. Mandela has repeatedly tried to persuade, but can not restore his wife's heart, he had painfully confessed, since the release, with Winnie living togetherthat time, he became the world's most lonely people. In 1996, Mandela divorced Winnie.In the later years,In 1996, Mandela was staggering: "I fell in love again." July 18, 1998, Mandela 80-year-old birthday, 53-year-old Mozambican former president Marshall widow Graza became the bride of Mandela. Scottish, German, French, Spanish and English are the only women in the first 11 years of the post-Mozambican Liberation Front. Mandela laughed: "From now on, the most important content of my life is two, the first is Graza, the second is to eat prawns in Mozambique.Make a childMandela has a total of six children, two men and four women.He and his first wife symbiotic two men and two women, but the daughter died after birth. Mandela's eldest son, Madiba Sambekiel, died in a car accident in 1969, and his second son, Mark Jato Mandela, died of AIDS on January 6, 2005.Mandela and his second wife, Winnie, had two daughters.。
曼德拉 人物简介 英语课件PPT课件
the military organization were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting（密 谋） to overthrow the government by violence. His statement from the dock (被告席)received considerable international publicity.
Mandela himself was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand （威特沃特斯兰德大学）and qualified in law in 1942.
精品ppt
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After the banning of the ANC in 1960,Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC．In June 1961,he became the commander(总司令) of the military organization．Because of his political activity,he went on trial for treason（叛国 罪） in 1956-1961 ．In 1962 ,mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years'imprisonment with hard labour． In 1963, when many fellow leaders of the ANC and
英文介绍作文曼德拉
英文介绍作文曼德拉Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as the country's first black president from 1994 to 1999. He was born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, a village in the Eastern Cape of South Africa.Mandela was a symbol of the struggle against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa until the early 1990s. He spent 27 years in prison for his activism, during which time he became an international icon of resistance to oppression.After his release from prison in 1990, Mandela worked tirelessly to end apartheid and promote reconciliation among South Africa's diverse communities. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his efforts to bring about a peaceful transition to democracy in South Africa.Mandela was a charismatic and inspirational leader who inspired millions of people around the world with his message of hope, forgiveness, and reconciliation. He was known for his humility, his sense of humor, and his unwavering commitment to social justice.Mandela passed away on December 5, 2013, at the age of 95. His legacy lives on as a beacon of hope and inspiration for people everywhere who are fighting for freedom, equality, and human rights.。
南非前总统曼德拉生平资料
南非前总统曼德拉生平资料纳尔逊·罗利拉拉·曼德拉(英语：Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela，1918年7月18日-2013年12月5日)，生于南非特兰斯凯，曾任南非总统，也是透过全面代议制民主选举所选出的首任南非元首，于1994年至1999年间执政。
在他任职总统前，曼德拉是积极的反种族隔离人士，同时也是非洲国民大会的武装组织民族之矛(Umkhonto we Sizwe)的领袖。
当曼德拉领导反种族隔离运动时，南非法院以密谋推翻政府等罪名将他定罪。
依据判决，曼德拉在牢中服刑了27年，其中大多数的日子在罗本岛度过。
他现为著名的政界元老，持续对时事话题发表他的见解。
在南非，他普遍被昵称为马迪巴(Madiba)，其是曼德拉家族中长辈对他的荣誉头衔。
这个称谓也变成了纳尔逊·曼德拉的同义词。
1990年2月11日出狱后，曼德拉转而支持调解与协商，并在推动多元族群民主的过渡期挺身领导南非。
自种族隔离制度终结以来，曼德拉受到了来自各界的赞许，包括从前的反对者。
曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。
曼德拉是腾布王朝(Thembu)非长子家族的一员，其统治南非开普省的特兰斯凯地区。
他出生于牡韦佐，一个坐落于特兰斯凯首府阿姆塔塔一带的小村庄。
他的父系曾祖父努班库卡(Ngubengcuka，逝于1832年)，以国王(Inkosi Enkhulu)之姿统治着腾布人。
国王的其中一个儿子，名为曼德拉，成了纳尔逊的祖父，也是他的姓氏的由来。
然而，由于他的母亲来自于伊克斯伊巴家族(Ixhiba，所谓的“左方王室”)，因此依照传统，他的后裔并没有资格继承腾布的王位。
曼德拉的父亲葛德拉·汉瑞·孟伐肯伊斯瓦(Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa)，在牡韦佐城镇担任部落酋长。
然而，由于与殖民当局之间的格格不入，他们夺去了孟伐肯伊斯瓦的地位，并将他的家族移至库努。
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曼德拉总统生平英语简介纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉（Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela）1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格。
曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。
于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。
在任职总统前，曼德拉是积极的反种族隔离人士，同时也是非洲国民大会的武装组织民族之矛的领袖。
当他领导反种族隔离运动时，南非法院以密谋推翻政府等罪名将他定罪。
依据判决，曼德拉在牢中服刑了27年。
1990年出狱后，转而支持调解与协商，并在推动多元族群民主的过渡期挺身领导南非。
自种族隔离制度终结以来，曼德拉受到了来自各界的赞许，包括从前的反对者。
曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。
2004年，其被选为最伟大的南非人。
2013年12月6日（南非时间5日），曼德拉在约翰内斯堡住所去世，享年95岁。
南非为曼德拉举行国葬，全国降半旗。
Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei,(特兰斯凯 ) South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was a Chief (酋长)of a tribe． Mandela has strong character even from he was a child and he advocates national hero vuey much．As the oldest son in his family, Mandela was appointed as the successor of the tribe,but he refused that ．He said he would never adominate a tribe,which was under oppressed,with a cheif identify．He wanted to throw himself into the career of the national liberation．He joined the African National Congress （非洲人国民大会简称ANC）in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party‘s apartheid policies （种族隔离政策）after 1948.Mandela himself was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学）and qualified in law in 1942.After the banning of the ANC in 1960,Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC．In June 1961,he became the commander(总司令) of the military organization．Because of his political activity,he went on trial for treason （叛国罪） in 1956-1961 ．In 1962 ,mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years'imprisonment with hard labour． In 1963, when many fellow leaders of the ANC and the military organization were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting（密谋） to overthrow the government by violence. His statement from the dock (被告席)received considerable international publicity.On June 12 ,1964,mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment(终身监禁) .From 1964 to 1982,he was incarcerated(关押) at Robben Island prison,off cape Town;thereafter,he was at pollsmoor prison,nearby on the mainland.He stayed in the prison for 27 yeas and he consistently refused to compromisewith his political position to obtain his freedom.Because he never chang his strong mind,which is to build an new ,equal and free South Africa.During his years in prison ,mandela's reputation grew steady.He became a potent symbol of resistance as the anti-apartheid movement.At last ,he was released on February 18,1990.After his release,he plunged himself into his life's career.In 1991,at the first national conference of the ANC held inside South Africa,he was elected President of the ANC.In 1994,the ANC won the general election,mandela became the first Black President in the history of South Africa.In his life time ,he won nearly 100 awards.In 1993,he was honored with the Nobel Peace Prize,which was in order to commend his contribution in againsting racial discrimination.Mandla also pays close attention to AIDS(艾滋病).He established AIDS foundation named after him.The time of AfricaIn a fairly long period,Africa was excluded from great international competition,because of its apartheid policies(种族隔离政策).But Africans love sports very mcuh.In order to hold The 2010 World Cup,although Mandela is old aged and health condition is not very good,he also did his best.On June,11,2010, The World Cup of South Africa began.This was not just a football feast for Aricans but something more.This fulfilled a great leader's long-cherished wish:peace,solidarity and so on.In his life time ,he won nearly 100 awards.In 1993,he was honored with the Nobel Peace Prize,which was in order to commend his contribution in againsting racial discrimination.Now ,the brithday of Mandela became an international festival.July,18---the International Mandela Day.语录When I walked out of the prison cell towards the door leading to freedom, I have made it clear his own pain and resentment if not able to stay behind, so in fact I still in prison.当我走出囚室迈向通往自由的大门时，我已经清楚，自己若不能把痛苦与怨恨留在身后，那么其实我人在狱中。
A good head and a good heart are always a formidable combination.精明的头脑和善良的心灵往往是个不可思议的组合。
After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb.登上高峰后，你会发现还有更多的山峰要翻越。
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.教育是最强有力的武器，你能用它来改变世界。
For to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.自由不仅仅意味着摆脱自身的枷锁，还意味着以一种尊重并增加他人自由的方式生活。