高一英语定语从句讲解精华版

定语从句

一、基本概念：

定语：

定语从句：

Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now

That is the house where he lived ten years ago.

引导词：关系词

关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当：

关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当：

先行词：

定语从句中引关系词的作用：

二、关系词的用法：

（一）关系代词的用法：

1． He is the man lives next door.

The train has just left is for Shenzhen.

2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer.

Where is the book ___________I bought last week

（二）关系副词的用法：

1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born

(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点：

1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：

when = on (in, at, during…) + which;

where = in (at, on…) + which;

why = for which. 如：

I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.

The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.

This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.

2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：

I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated.

I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer.

His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made.

His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.

三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1．限制性定语从句

This is the telegram which he refers to.

Is there anything (that) I can do for you

2．非限制性定语从句

This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.

As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.

引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where不可以用that和why。

注意：

I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.

= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.

Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.

= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.

4．先行词为整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，用which或as来引导。如：

He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.

注：（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前、中、后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。

They are hollow, which makes them very light.

As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.

（2）as常译成“就象… …那样”，正如….

as 的短语

As everybody knows, Luxun is a famous writer.

Luxun, as everybody knows, is a famous writer.

as we all know , as often happens, as you see, as is known to all

as is expected, as has been said before, as I can remember

四．关系词的选择

1．在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，只能用that，不用which的情况：

(1) 当先行词是all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something,