商务英语阅读(下册)(第二版) unit 15 世界经济共70页文档
商务英语阅读Chapter2-A-Changed-Global-Reality-世界经济格局新变化
Chapter2 A Changed Global Reality 世界经济格局新变化Say this for the young century: we live in interesting times. Not quite 2 1⁄2 years ago, the world economy tipped into the most severe downturn since the Great Depression in the 1930s. World trade slowed sharply. Unemployment lines grew longer, especially in the old industrial economies. Financial institutions that had seemed as solid as granite disappeared as if they were no more substantial than a bunch of flowers in the hands of an old-style magician. 对于新世纪，我们得这样说：我们生活在一个有趣的时代。
差不多两年半之前，世界经济陷入了20世纪30年代经济大萧条时期以来最惨重的低迷状态。
世界贸易进程大幅放缓。
失业队伍也越来越快，这在旧工业经济体系表现尤为突出。
原来坚如磐石的金融机构也消失了，似乎还不如老套的魔术师变的花束看起来真实。
Given that the scale of the downturn was so epochal, it should not be surprising that the nature of the recovery would likewise be the stuff of history. And it has been. As they make their way to Davos for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF) by helicopter, bus, car or train (which is the right way to do it), the members of the global economic and political elite will find themselves coming to terms with something they have never known before. 考虑到经济衰退幅度如此的跨时代，经济复苏进程会很慢也是理所当然的，对此我们不应该感到吃惊。
《商务英语阅读》(王关富编)(第二版)参考译文
Chapter 1 Why China Works中国是今年唯一呈现出重大发展的主要经济体（economy），由于它通常是唯一敢于打破经济教科书中每一条例的经济体。
事实上，中国不像其他五大经济体那样发展缓慢的主要原因是，它宏观调控的能力（its capacity for macro-economic control）。
为什么中国市场经济体系奏效？（market economic system）目前，欧美等国正通过银行及汽车业国有化及金融业实施新的有力规定（regulations），走向宏观调控。
但问题更加紧迫（the question has a new urgency）。
中国看上去最能驾驭（navigate）七十年内最糟的经济滑坡（downturn）。
在危机中，中国官员既能吸取像西方同行（counterparts）的传统市场工具，也能吸取中国市场经济体系的积累经验（arsenal）。
去年早期，由于房地产市场（housing market）过热，中国官员仅命令银行削减房贷（cut back on housing loans），然后随着房屋销售量下降（fall），他们提供类似更低的房屋购置税（lower taxes on home purchases）。
最近几周，他们展开类似西方的经济救援行动（launch economic rescue efforts），其中包括价值6000亿的大计划以增加政府开支和大幅利率削减（ramp up government spending）（big interests cuts）。
但同时，他们也发布在西方国家眼里是不合理的干涉的命令，例如，上周中国官员召集包括钢铁建筑等行业的国有行业并购（buy up）国内外新资产（at home and abroad）以积极（actively）发挥在经济中的作用。
曾把中国宏观调控视为不成熟经济的弊病（immature economy），现在是稳定的保障（bulwark of stability）。
商务英语阅读第二版
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2. Why can storytelling be used as an effective method to strengthen organizational bonds in a corporation?
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2
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CONTENTS
1 Text A：Voice of Courage Text B: Tell Stories to strengthen 2 Organizational Bonds
在演讲的中段，罗斯福简单地说：“我向你们保证，把钱存在 重开的银行里比你们把钱藏在床垫底下更安全。”
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5. Preparations for a bill to spend the end of Prohibition began that night. 当天晚上，罗斯福又开始准备议案以加速结束禁酒令。 Prohibition：用作大写时，意思是：“禁酒”，指美国1920年 至1933年期间的禁酒。
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2. basso profundo: (意大利语)深沉男低音歌手
3. FDR walked people through the basics of banking without being patronizing.
罗斯福耐心细致地给人们讲解了银行业的基本原理，丝毫没有 居高临下的口吻。
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Text B: Tell Stories to strengthen Organizational Bonds
5. While it’s easy to see achievements, other powerful stories can come from near misses that people that risk has its rewards. 虽然成就很容易看到，但其他感人的故事也可能来自侥幸脱 险，让人们明白风险也有回报。
当代商务英语综合教程2 Unit 15 An Unforgettable Christmas
Pre-class Task 1
Pre-class Task 1 Read the text once for the main idea(s). Do not refer to the notes, the glossary or dictionaries.
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Text A An Unforgettable Christmas
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Text A An Unforgettable Christmas
Passage
17 Peggy had proudly set our kitchen table for our evening meal and put
pans out and three cans of food which would be our dinner. For some reason, when I looked at those pans and cans, I felt brokenhearted. We would have only hamburgers for our Christmas dinner tomorrow.
umbrella to protect myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name
on the umbrella and found it. I called and a lady answered.
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Yes, she said in surprise, that was her umbrella, which her parents, now
12 The air was full of the sound of Christmas merriment as I walked from
新媒体商务英语阅读 Unit15 Sustainability
4. Why do some visionary heads of companies accept sustainability enthusiastically?
embracing sustainability was not just the right thing to do but was in the best long-term interests of the company
6. What is the significance of the analysis of environmental profit and loss accounting?
It is a tool to build awareness of the importance of nature to the sustainability of businesses.
an unprecedented explosion in the human population, accompanied by a remarkable surge in economic growth and wealth creation
2020/6/27 顾渝-新媒体商务英语阅读 Unit 15
3. Who will finally pay
for the heavy
Companies and their customers.
economic cost incurred
from the inaction to
protect
I
TEXT
Sustainability the Key to Long-term Corporate Health
(Para. 16) 4. environmental profit and loss accounting (Para.
王关富《商务英语阅读》(第二版)参考答案
王关富《商务英语阅读（第二版）》参考答案Unit 1Why China WorksExercises1. Answer the questions on the text:1) How does the author view the Chinese economy?It is the most important bright spot in the world economy under the global recession, the only major economy that is likely to show significant growth this year, and the only one that routinely breaks every rule in the economic textbook. 2) According to the author, why can the Chinese economy perform so well?Because of:(1) the capacity for state control by the Chinese government.(2) its rejection of exotic financial innovations that are the melting core of the global credit crisis.(3) the integration of its economic policies between traditional market tools and state control measures.3) In what way does the author imply that western economists are erroneous in their bias toward “China’s market economic system”?The United States and Europe are moving toward state control by nationalizing their banking and car industries, and imposing heavy new regulation on the financial industry.4) What is the view of Stephen Roach on the Chinese economy system?Investment is the backbone of sustainable growth in the Chinese economy, which works more effectively than other market based systems in times of economic stress.5) Why can China work in the eye of the author?It has followed a radical pragmatism focusing on a slow but steady shift toward freer markets.6) What is regarded as the strategic thinking of the Chinese leaders in market reforms?They understand even under the serious financial crisis that it can stabilize the Chinese market and economy to introduce more sophisticated forms of securitization, including stock index funds, corporate bonds and other debt products. They also realize that, in the course of doing this, they should learn from the mistakes the westerners have made.7) What is the example given to illustrate the steadiness of the Chinese leaders in their policy execution?They continue to allow the value of yuan to rise despite of the American charges and the need for export competitiveness by their own enterprises.8) What is “shock therapy”?It is the economic policy adopted in Russia from 1991 to 1992 that totally deregulated prices and lead to a runaway inflation. It proved to be all shock and no therapy.9) In what ways does the Chinese economic system work efficiently?It can get things done quickly, move in a coherent manner, and marshal its people and resources to a common target: economic growth and prosperity.11) What are the Internet and public opinion used for?For putting pressure on local officials and influencing policy decisions.2. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below. Make changes when necessary.1)At a time when the need is growing for mental health services, many countries are unfortunately cutting back on itsspending.2)There is an increasing number of people out of work. But the western media often unfairly label them as lazy andreliable.3)Now that the flow of oil has been stopped by BP, the impact of all the spilled oil and natural gas is still beingmeasured.4)Once again its ability to steer economic policy will be tested against the ability to deliver on services and projectsaimed at growing the economy and jobs.5)Housing prices are incredibly high today. But he bought his house for a song about five years ago.6)As people are complaining high prices, especially those related to daily necessities, the government feels rather urgentto hold down inflation rate immediately.7)Under the new economy policy investors are invited to buy into state-owned enterprises.8)Since a serious gun shooting occurred in Arizona last week, security concerns have trickled down to all places,including residential buildings.9)Social unrest is a daily occurrence in the country nowadays. It is in the last place when it comes to investment formultinational companies.10)Efforts to ban smoking in China are so effective yet. Some chain smokers never think of quitting while many othershave battled in vain to quit.3. Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B:A_______________________ B__________________________________1)financial innovation A) A reduction in the general availability of loans (orcredit) or a sudden tightening of the conditionsrequired to obtain a loan from the banks.72)stimulus package B) A non-bank entity or organization such asinvestment companies and mutual funds thatinvests in large quantities. 83)overheating C)A legal entity created by a government to undertakecommercial activities on its behalf. 64)stamp tax D) The trading of a corporation's stock or othersecurities (e.g. bonds or stock options) byindividuals with potential access to non-publicinformation.9E) An industry that requires large amounts of capital, machinery and equipment toproduce goods. 55)capital-intensive sector F) Generation of new and creative approaches tosecurities, money management or investing. 16)state-run firm G) An economy that is expanding so rapidly that toomuch money is chasing too few goods andeconomists fear a rise in inflation . 37)credit crisis H) tax levied on certain legal transactions such as thetransfer of a property such as building, copyright,land, patent, and securities. 48)institutional investor I) A plan or a series of measures taken by agovernment to jump-start its ailing economy,generally as a part of its fiscal policy. 210) insider trading4. Translate the following passage into Chinese.我们所面临的来自中国的真正挑战并不是他们向我们大量销售的货物，而恰恰相反，是他们正在提升的价值链。
《新编商务英语阅读教程》(第二版)练习参考答案
《新编商务英语阅读教程》（第二版）练习参考答案Unit OneI.1. 资产C2. 边际变动E3. 市场势力I4. 劳动生产力（率）J5. 经济学A6. 市场失灵G7. 市场经济F8. 机会成本D9. 通货膨胀K10. 外部性H11. 效率B12. 菲利普斯曲线LII.Passage One经济学的研究主要分为两部分：宏观经济学与微观经济学。
宏观经济学着眼于经济全局——一幅宏观的画面。
在宏观经济学中，我们研究国家的政策目标，例如充分就业、抑制通货膨胀、经济增长等，而不考虑个人或者单个团体的利益和行为。
对宏观经济学的关注是为了从总体上认识并改善经济的运行。
微观经济学则关注宏观画面中的细节。
在微观经济学中，我们着眼于实际构成宏观经济的个人、厂商和政府机构。
我们感兴趣的是这些独立经济单位的行为。
他们的目标何在？以有限资源实现目标的途径是什么？如何对各种激励和机会做出反应？宏观经济学主要关注，例如，总消费性支出对总产出、就业及物价的影响。
很少关注消费性支出及其决定因素的实际内涵。
相反，微观经济学关注的是个体消费者具体的支出决策及其影响因素（爱好、物价水平、收入状况）。
宏、微观经济学的区别还反映在关于企业投资的讨论中。
宏观经济学中，我们需要了解决定企业总投资率的因素以及这些投资对一国的总产出、就业及物价水平产生影响的路径。
而微观经济学中，我们关注的是各家企业关于生产率、生产要素的抉择以及具体物品的定价决策。
了解宏、微观经济学的区别并非难事。
在现实社会，宏观经济的表现有赖于微观行为，而微观行为又受宏观经济表现的影响。
因此，人们只有了解了所有经济活动的参与者的行为方式及其成因，才能充分了解整个经济的运作方式。
但是，就如你会开车而不懂发动机的构造原理那样，你能观察到经济运行方式但并不能完全解开其中奥秘。
在宏观经济学中我们注意到经济这部汽车在踩油门时加速，踩刹车时减速。
这就是我们在大多数情形下所需了解的一切。
然而，汽车总有出故障的时候。
《商务英语阅读》第15单元译文
第15单元会计会计的性质会计是公司通过对销售、购买及其他交易活动记录和分类, 来衡量其财务状况的系统。
会计还在报表中对这些信息进行汇总，使其能够对公司过去的运作、目前的状况以及未来的前景作出评估。
会计对公司的重要性，可以从两个方面表现出来：第一，它可以帮助经理计划和控制公司的经营；第二，它可以帮助局外人士对公司的经营进行评估。
由于这两部分人以不同的方式使用会计信息，会计具有两个不同的领域：一是财务会计，为外界人士提供信息；二是管理会计，提供的信息供公司内部使用。
财务会计外部人士使用会计信息的兴趣点各不相同。
供应商、银行以及其他贷款人想了解公司的信誉是否可靠；投资者、股东关心的是公司的利润潜力；政府部门则主要对规范公司行为和收税感兴趣。
这些用户要求信息客观，前后一致，与其他公司提供的信息有可比性。
因此，财务会计报表要遵循某些标准格式，并根据多年来会计行业已经确立并取得共识的公认会计原则（GAAP）来编制。
管理会计相对于财务会计，管理会计则是为了满足某特定公司经理人的各项需要。
它的总目标是帮助经理对结果进行评估，并基于可靠信息作出决策。
管理会计体系包括大量的财务活动，从记录销售、开具发票，到帮助高层管理人员评估建筑、设备以及劳动力的支出情况。
会计部门的员工一般要履行很多职责。
其中最主要的工作之一是编制财务计划，其内容包括对销售、成本、费用以及利润进行预报。
预报的情况可以帮助管理人员，找出问题和机遇，对资源进行明智的分配。
这一过程的部分内容包括编制预算，在估计的收入、费用和现金流量的框架内，构架某一时期（通常是一年）的，以财务计划形式表示的财务总体规划。
由于编制商业预算使得公司不得不决定要进多少钱，出多少钱（资金流入和流出的数量），编制预算的过程就成了计划与控制经营的过程。
除了要编制预算外，公司会计要参与分析生产成本，目的是使管理部门能够知道，公司生产某产品需要产生多少支出。
主要的会计概念在处理所有的财务数据时,会计人员要遵循两个基本原则: 会计等式和复式记账法。
商务英语阅读unit 15
"The future goal of the company is to make the name Great Wall known across the world," said Liu Rengang, a spokesman for the state-controlled Great Wall Computer Group. A spokesman for Ningbo Bird, one of China's biggest cellphone makers, sounded equally ambitious: "Our future goal is to become one of the top three cellphone manufacturers in the world." China's Ministry of Commerce reported in June 2019 that even though China's exports are dominated by consumer products, few famous Chinese brands are involved in the export trade. Most goods are being shipped abroad with foreign brand labels. To adjust the situation, the ministry called on Chinese companies to start exporting their own "famous brands." Every region was ordered to produce its own famous brands. "We need to cultivate a group of independent famous brands that have international influence," the report said. "Each industry needs to have its own famous brand for export." The thinking behind the effort seems simple: imitate the foreigners.
商务英语阅读[第二版]参考译文王关富编
![商务英语阅读[第二版]参考译文王关富编](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/1f920e59caaedd3383c4d355.png)
Chapter 1 Why China Works中国是今年唯一呈现出重大发展的主要经济体（economy），由于它通常是唯一敢于打破经济教科书中每一条例的经济体。
事实上，中国不像其他五大经济体那样发展缓慢的主要原因是，它宏观调控的能力（its capacity for macro-economic control）。
为什么中国市场经济体系奏效？（market economic system）目前，欧美等国正通过银行及汽车业国有化及金融业实施新的有力规定（regulations），走向宏观调控。
但问题更加紧迫（the question has a new urgency）。
中国看上去最能驾驭（navigate）七十年内最糟的经济滑坡（downturn）。
在危机中，中国官员既能吸取像西方同行（counterparts）的传统市场工具，也能吸取中国市场经济体系的积累经验（arsenal）。
去年早期，由于房地产市场（housing market）过热，中国官员仅命令银行削减房贷（cut back on housing loans），然后随着房屋销售量下降（fall），他们提供类似更低的房屋购置税（lower taxes on home purchases）。
最近几周，他们展开类似西方的经济救援行动（launch economic rescue efforts），其中包括价值6000亿的大计划以增加政府开支和大幅利率削减（ramp up government spending）（big interests cuts）。
但同时，他们也发布在西方国家眼里是不合理的干涉的命令，例如，上周中国官员召集包括钢铁建筑等行业的国有行业并购（buy up）国内外新资产（at home and abroad）以积极（actively）发挥在经济中的作用。
曾把中国宏观调控视为不成熟经济的弊病（immature economy），现在是稳定的保障（bulwark of stability）。
商务英语阅读Unit 15 Advertising and Publicity
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Text A New Words and Expressions
1. marquee [计]选取框；大天幕；华盖 ；最重要的受 欢迎的
e.g. The NBA's marquee matchup, once again on Christmas Day, will be the Kobe versus Shaq show.
12. middling n. 中级品 adj. 中等的；第二流的 adv. 中等 v. 把…放在中间
e.g. The middling poor, those on $2 a day, are pulling children from school and cutting back on vegetables so they can still afford rice.
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TEACHING AIMS
Have general idea of the difference between advertising and publicity Understand the changing status of goods
“made in China.” Understand Pepsi’s Global strategies
不能创新就意味着中国必须向那些能够创新的国 外企业支付巨额的专利版权费和许可使用费。
Page 14
Text A Translations
3. In recent months, the Western media have hyperventilated with stories about China's goingout strategy and about Chinese firms buying up the globe -- Oil! Gas! Cars! -- and even investing in the United States.
商务英语阅读(2)1-7单元练习参考答案
Chapter13. Phrase Translation1）萧条的经济、充分就业、贸易赤字、深入分析、工业化国家、自由贸易协定、国际专业化、产品差别、贸易盈余、决定性因素2）economic win-win, tariff barrier, wage inequality, labor productivity, lay off workers, factors of production, bilateral deal, regression analysis, market access, world economic recovery4. Translate the following sentences with the expressions in the list given below.1) The monitoring system will finally substitute the U.S. government’s cap on cigar imports from Cuba.2) The quarrel between Mexico and the U.S. will be of no avail and it may disrupt the lifting of the agricultural tariffs under the North American Free Trade Agreement.3) An economic cooperation business forum, which will discuss how to minimize the negative impact of global economic imbalance adjustment on China, will take place shortly before the ministerial conference.4) Few Americans attribute this to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the business cycle.5) Recent research has shed light on the fact that there are heavy financial and political costs associated with the measures necessary to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.6) There are rumors that the government struck a private deal with the corporation’s chairman last month.7) The opposition is exerting pressure on the U.S government to change the policy towards textiles imports.8) Since the establishment of the bilateral free-trade agreement, the emerging economy has always been at the forefront of science and technology.9) In general, floating exchange rates are supposed to insulate countries from persistent differences in inflation with their trading partners.10) According to conservative estimates, by 2010, China’s import and export volume with North America and the EU would surpass $400 billion respectively, with ten ASEAN countries exceeding $200 billion.Chapter 23. Phrase Translation1）消费品，折扣零售商，品牌资产价值，广告预算，现实销售数据，促销，盈利，扫描数据2）price premium, baseline sales, price reductions, advertising spending, marketing mix, quantity premium, product-line length( variety), allocation of dollars4. Translate the following sentences with the expressions in the list given below.1) The government has allocated $0.1billion to the development and utilization of renewable energy in rural areas.2) We should not develop the Western region at the expense of environment. Therefore the government has been following a sustainable development road attaching equal importance to economic development and environmental protection.3) As a big responsible nation, China will strictly abide by the WTO rules and honor its commitments.4) The rapid growth in China’s grain production can be ascribed to the fact that the Chinese government has implemented a series of reform policy and measures in the rural areas, such as raising the prices of grain purchased by the state.5) In the globalization era, not all countries play on the level playground. Some developing countries have to adhere to some marketing principles, or even accede to the requests of some governments.6) Over the past year, the global investment demand was on the wane; the major world currencies suffered swift turbulence and some emerging markets underwent severe financial crisis.7) Networks fundamentally alter the nature of competition and level the playing field, especially for smaller business regardless of the barriers like time and distance.8) Through micro credit projects, with the credit available on demand, farmers are able to pay back both the principle and interest in time.9) China’s vigorous eco nomic development is indicative of the fact that China has become one of the countries that enjoy the highest economic growth speed in the world.10) With the reform of the wholly state-owned commercial banks, when some qualified commercial banks seek listing in the stock market, others certainly will follow suit.Chapter 33. Phrase Translation:1)privileged minority 享有特权的少数人gas station 加油站marketing research 市场调查professional competence 专业技能a sales point 卖点product design 产品设计potential consumer 潜在顾客business disaster 商业灾难2）日常生活daily life广告活动advertising campaigns物理特征physical characteristics视觉想象visual imagination国内媒体national media销售增长a sale increase销售渠道distribution system产品导向型的广告product-orientated advertising4. Translate the following sentences with the expressions in the list given below.1) Experts have attributed the main cause of the company’s poor performance to its poor HR functions, especially the appointment of the senior management.2) British Airways intends to create a more flexible and modern corporate culture through the relocation.3) Rumors about redundancy make the company at its worst in terms of morale ever since its foundation.4) After financial scandals, many companies can only resort to charity activities to improve their corporate image.5) Politicians shold not engage in business affairs that might affect their political judgement.6) As a sleeping partner of the enterprise, he is entitled to share the profits, but is deprived of participating in its management.7) After watching this interview, she realizes how difficult it is to be a venture capitalist. For one thing, you need to have the money; for another, you need to have the insight to pick the right start-ups.8) To enter a specific market, in addition to acquiring sufficient knowledge about our target customers, we also need to know about the local policies and abide by them.9) With the efforts of these university students, it was brought to light that this world-famous multinational had established some sweat factories in China.10) In a time when customers change constantly and rapidly in their needs, only companies who are quick to respond can survive and succeed in the end.Chapter 43. Phrase Translation1) Given the Chinese equivalents to the following English Terms.mobility of people:流动人口supply networks: 供应商网络standardized items：标准零配件specialist manufacturing technology:特殊制造技术complementary economies: 互补经济体anti-Japanese sentiment: 反日情绪foreign affiliates: 外方合伙人，外国附属公司go public: 上市2) Give the English equivalents to the following Chinese terms:企业并购mergers and acquisition海外扩张overseas expansion全球化战略globalization strategy保护主义措施protectionist measures市场准入access to market知识产权intellectual property right贸易伙伴trading partners资本投入capital investment4. Translate the following sentences with the expressions in the list given below.1) Vendors now offer systems that work only with their hardware, but they are trying to make their equipment integrate with other’s hardware.2) Agricultural export, by contrast, respond immediately, growing at an annual rate of 17.7 percent in 1980 and 1981.3) This book takes a strategic view of business and develops the ability to take a multidisciplinary approach to managing a business and resolving problems and issues.4) Thanks to the recession and 9/11, Mayor Michael Bloomberg must contend with a whopping budget deficit projected to 60 billion.5) Dispose of batteries properly. Do not throw them into fire or expose to high temperature.6) In the future, in addition to syndicating our groups’ efforts, we will ally with foreign companies to leverage advantages and enhance global competitiveness.7) We are certain that in due course of time, the economic reform will have brought about results and benefits that will go beyond China’s boundaries.8) One of the major banks has lowered its interest rate and the other bank is expected to follow suit.9) During these quarterly meetings, it’s the boss’s responsibility to respond to each manager’s plan.10) We will put in place a new order of the socialist market economy through completing the market system and rectifying and regulating the market behavior.5.1) ambivalent 2) integration 3）hindered4) from 5) by 6) shortage 7) options8) acquisition 9) strategy 10) alliance 11) craftChapter 53. Phrase Translation1) English to Chinesepublicly traded companies 上市公司keep a weather eye on…对随时留意/小心提防accounting firms 会计师事务所international subsidiaries 国外子公司cost efficient 经济划算的take a wait-and-see approach 持观望态度reconciliation reports财务）调整报告performance measures 业绩评定指标/方法2) Chinese to English通用/公认会计准则generally accepted accounting principles收益确认revenue recognition损益表/收益表income statement每股收益earnings per share常务/执行董事managing director信用评级机构credit-rating agencies财务管理人员/主管finance chiefs/ executives机构投资者/投资机构institutional investors4. Translate the following sentences with the expressions in the list given below.1) Escalating costs have almost wiped out the company’s profits from last year.2) This area is studded with bars all vying for customer attention. But it’s not easy to pin down what exactly it is that pleases customers the most.3) The project team decided to adhere to its original plan despite the appalling weather.4) At the press conference, the PR manager reiterated that the company’s operation has returned to normal. However, many private shareholders remain skeptical about such claim.5) The new labor law, which took effect last year, is likely to raise the labor cost of a considerablenumber of enterprises.6) The less senior employees are reluctant to express their views or make any suggestions because they don’t think their ideas w ill really be put into practice.7) Local relief organizations have also embarked on fund-raising campaigns so as to provide more financial support for the earthquake victims.8) Up to 30 companies submitted their request for price rise, but most of them d idn’t stand a chance of getting approval from the regulatory agency.9) The decision-makers seem to have already given up on the reform program though its initiators are still trying hard to elicit support from other stakeholders.10. The new model, which has just been released onto the market recently, is being touted as the most energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly product of its kind.Chapter 63.explicit inflation target 公开的通货膨胀指标volatile prices 波动价格monetary policymaking 制定货币政策consumer expenditure 消费支出credit crunch 信贷资金骤减variable mortgage rates 浮动按揭/抵押贷款利率surging and plunging asset prices 大起大落的资产价格do more harm than good 得不偿失/弊大于利2)楼市暴跌housing crunch/collapse维持价格稳定maintain price stability核心通货膨胀core inflation rate消费者物价指数consumer price index资产负债表balance sheet预除负面影响forestall the adverse effects政策框架policy framework市场预期market expectation4.1) The intensification of globalization has made the financial market of any country more vulnerable to booms and busts in other countries.2) This model, which used to be the cash cow of the company, only accounts for 5% of its total sales revenue now.3) The local authorities’ response to the crisis seemed grossly inconsistent with its proclaimed commitment to environmental protection.4) In his speech, the newly-appointed chairman of the committee warned banks and other financial institutions against over speculation and reckless lending.5) The company has recently introduced a new assembly line in the hope that improved technology can translate into higher productivity.6) The new policy comes into effect this month, but whether it can deliver the expected benefits remains to be seen.7) To sustain their present standards of living, you have to bring their income into line with rising prices.8) This country has a great advantage over its neighbors in terms of the financial and technological resources needed to achieve the dual goal of economic prosperity and cleaner environment.9) During the economic recession, the outlook for job opportunities was bleak.10) Should our negotiation with the agency break down, we’ll consider setting up our own retail outlets.5. 1) economies 2)accompanied 3)run-ups 4)crashes 5)pose 6)intervention 7)variety 8)within 9)extent 10)under 11)distinguish 12)fundamentalsChapter 73.Phrase Translation:1)competitive edge 竞争优势breach of contract 违反合同convertibility of profit 收益的可兑换financial instruments 金融工具currency conversions 货币转换financial hedges 金融避险cost-benefit analysis 成本效益分析record-high 破纪录的高点a vested interest 既得利益in its infancy 初级阶段2）新兴市场emerging markets金融危机financial meltdown民间暴乱civil disturbance股票价格share prices风险溢价risk premium政治周旋political spin平衡竞争环境level the playing field利害关系have a stake in数据采集data-mining博弈论game theory4.1)The advantages of the establishment of legal framework far outweigh its disadvantages because it guarantees private property rights for citizens as the rights of foreign entities to purchase and sell businesses within the country.2. The government seeks ways to accelerate its bid to enter the World Trade Organization and promises to honor the commitment.3. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, India attracted $16.9 billion in foreign direct investment inflows in 2006, which is equivalent to a 153% increase from the previous year.4. There are signs that the market could open up in the near future and more foreign entities willhave a stake in the international business.5. The practices of foreign companies must be consistent with international standards following the 1999 Trademark Act that protected foreign trademarks and service marks.6. As of January 1, 2008, both domestic and foreign-funded enterprises will be subject to a 25% statutory rate.7. Even before they reached the bilateral free-trade agreement in 2009, trade talks had already gained more and more favor with the Mexicans.8. Germany’s anti-monopoly law, adopted voting on August 30, renders those foreign mergers and acquisition against national security infeasible.9. China allows for full profit repatriation and since the mid-1990s, foreign investors have broadly had free access to foreign exchange.10. Instead of engaging in endless talks that amount to little more than arguments for the lion’s share of profit, both sides need to size up the current situation.。
英文报刊国际商务阅读(第三版)Unit 15 Britain Unveils Second Fina
23. ABN Amro: 荷兰银行 简称荷银，是荷兰最大的跨国金融机构之一，总行设在阿姆 斯特丹（Amsterdam），在世界各地设有分支机构。荷兰银 行的规模和经济实力在欧洲银行中排名前列。
24. plunge: v., n. 下跌（新闻常用语） The helicopter plunged 500 feet into the sea. 直升机跌入海底500英尺。 Our income has plunged dramatically. 我们的收入大幅度下跌。 A string of recent defeats has plunged the team dangerously near the bottom of the table. 最近的连败使球队跌倒危险的垫底边缘。 We are expecting a plunge in profits this year. 我们预计今年利润将下跌。
基准利率是在整个利率体系中起核心作用并能制约其他利率 的基本利率。我国的利率分三种：第一，中国人民银行对商 业银行及其他金融机构的存、贷款利率，即基准利率，又称 法定利率；第二，商业银行对企业和个人的存、贷款利率， 称为商业银行利率；第三，金融市场的利率，称为市场利率。 其中，基准利率是核心，它在整个金融市场和利率体系中处 于关键地位，起决定作用，它的变化决定了其他各种利率的 变化。基准利率是我国中央银行实现货币政策目标的重要手 段之一，制定基准利率的依据只能是货币政策目标
20. central bank: 中央银行，简称央行
中央银行是一国或地区（如欧盟）最高的货币金融管理机构， 在各国金融体系中居于主导地位。中央银行的职能是宏观调 控、保障金融安全与稳定、金融服务。负责控制货币供给、 信贷条件，监管金融体系，特别是商业银行和其他储蓄机构。
商务英语阅读(下册)(第二版) unit 15 世界经济_OK
To better understand the prospects for the world economy, maybe we should analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the fo ur main economic powerhouses of the world: the United States, t he European Union, Japan, and China， as they are the main dri ving forces in the world economy.
While Japan has a much lighter tax burden than Europe, its reg ulatory burden is, if anything, worse. And the inflexible economic st ructure created by the high regulatory burden has made the realloca tion of resources from the inefficient companies created by the infl ationary boom more difficult than in America. For this reason the h igh regulatory burden creates much more of a problem for Japan.
This has been largely because the banking system has been inhi bited by the great mass of bad loans. The Japanese authorities have been unwilling to take on the short-term pain associated with liquid ating the bad loans and have instead gotten a prolonged stagnation. Japan also shares many of Europe's problems.
商务英语阅读 Unit 15 Advertising and Publicity
Master the new words and expressions.
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Beijing Tries to Push beyond 'Made in China'
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Quick Think of a Chinese brand name. Japan has Sony. Mexico has Corona. Germany has BMW. South Korea? Samsung. And China has . . . ?
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New Words and Expressions
7. hyperventilate vi. 强力呼吸；换气过度 vt. 使强力 呼吸 （喻）言过其实，夸夸其谈地说 e.g. I feared to hyperventilate when she talked such a thing to me. 8. plunk down 重金买下，付钱买 e.g. He plunked himself down on a coach. 9. stranglehold n. 束缚；压制 e.g. Now more people began to wonder if competition could break the inflationary stranglehold. 10. hiccup n.小问题，暂时性耽搁 e.g. He hiccupped and limped home.
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Notes
2. Yang Yuanqing: (杨元庆, born 1964) is the current chief executive officer of Lenovo. He was a board chairman of Lenovo from 2004--2008. Before the acquisition of IBM PC division by Lenovo in 2004, he was the President and CEO of the company. One of his major achievements has been making Lenovo the bestselling PC brand in China since 1997. In 2001, Business Week named him as one of the rising stars in Asia.
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经济
Unit Fifteen
nomy
Pre-reading questions
1.What do you think of the world economy at present? 2. Do you think China will lead the world economy in the coming
Analyst said the world economic boom has been driven by two factors. One, it is said the economic growth is driven by a gradual liberalization of world trade and a liberalization of major third world economies like China and India. The increased liberalization of world trade has increased the scope of international division of labor and permanently helped raise growth in the world as a whole and in particular in third-world countries. Another reason for the increased growth in emerging economies is the free market reforms implemented there with a country like China transforming itself into the economic track with a seemingly endless supply of cheap but competent labor.
To better understand the prospects for the world economy, maybe we should analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the four main economic powerhouses of the world: the United States, the European Union, Japan, and China， as they are the main driving forces in the world economy.
On the one hand, we can be fairly optimistic about the US economy; on the other hand, the imbalances created by the Fed's cheap money policies can make a sharp recession in the mediumterm outlook, and if this likely sharp recession will induce an extremely destructive response in the form of protectionism, higher taxes and spending, or high inflation, it could make the long-term outlook more pessimistic.
future? State your reasons.
UP
PREV. NEXT
It was reported, the world economy grew slightly from 2004, led by the extraordinary boom in China and very high growth in most other third world countries. America and Japan also had fairly strong growth, although Western Europe had a more dismal performance. People in the world are worrying: Can the good times last? Or is the world economy heading for a crisis?
The Achilles' heel of the US economy is its over-dependency on cheap credit. In the spring of 2000 the US experienced its largest stock price bubble since the 1920s with valuations of technology stocks set at ludicrously high levels. This bubble was driven by rapid money supply growth and was accompanied by a sharp increase in the private sector debt burden and current account deficit, both of whom reached new record levels.
American economy
The American economy's strong side is that it is marketoriented economy, with tax rates and regulation being far less burdensome than in the major European economies and Japan. It also has well-developed financial markets and institutions for higher education. This helps America to remain the richest country in the world (apart from tiny Luxembourg) and to outperform most other rich countries.