最新冀教版八年级上册英语语法知识点总结【优质】优秀名师资料

冀教版八年级上册英语语法知识点总结【优质】Simple Present Tense III No, you/we/they have not. *一般现在时态的否定和疑问形式( 2. 基本用法:

否定和疑问形式都要借助do/does. A: 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成影响或结果. I like my picture. I have just washed my clothes. --- I don’t like my picture. * 洗衣服是过去发生的动作, 对现在造成的结果是“衣服洗干净了” . --- Do you like your picture? B:表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态, 常和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在包括 ---What do you like? “现在” 在内的一段时间状语连用.

She likes purple. We have learned English for two years. --- She doesn’t like purple. 3. 现在完成时常和already, yet, sometime, always, never, ever, before, just等词连用, 也可以---Does she like purple? 和包括现在在内的this morning, today, this week, this year等时间状语连用. --- What does she like? I have written 3 English e-mails today. The Present Perfect Tense. 今天我已经写了三封英文电子邮件了.

1.构成:助动词have/has+动词的过去 I have painted six new pictures this week.

分词,即:have/has done, 现在以动词这周我已经画了六幅新画.

work为例子将现在完成时态的肯定 I have seen you before.

形式, 否定形式和疑问形式及简略答我以前见过你.

语讲解一下. 4. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:

肯定形式: 现在完成时态表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 强调的是现在的情况, 所

以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如:yesterday, last year, two days ago, just now, in 2000I /You have worked.

He/She/It has worked. 等.而一般过去时态只表示过去的动作或状态, 和现

在不发生关系, 要和表示过去的时间状语

连用. 试比较: We/You/They have worked.

I have read the book. *否定形式:

I /You have not worked. 我已经读过这本书.

I read the book last year. He/She/It has not worked.

我去年读了这本书(只说明去年读了这本书, 不涉及现在的情况.)

We/You/They have not worked.

疑问形式及简略答语: He has worked here since 1998. Have I /you worked? 1998年以来他一直在这里工作.(他现在还在这里工作) Yes, you/I have. He worked here in 1998. No, you/I have not. 1998年他在这里工作.(不涉及

现在他是否在这里工作) Has he/she/it worked? She has been a teacher for twenty years.

她当老师20年了.(她现在还是老师) Yes, he/she/it has.

No, he/she/it has not. She was a teacher for twenty years. Have

we/you /they worked? 她当了20年老师.(不涉及现在是不是老师) Yes, you/we/they have.

5. 动词过去分词的构成: ---You like swimming, don’t you? *规则变化:

和过去式变化规则相同 ---No, I don’t.

A: 动词原形+ed: played, wanted, worked ---He hasn’t come back, has he?

B: 以不发音的e结尾的词加d: loved, liked, used --- No, he hasn’t. 5. 注意:

C: 以辅音字母+y结尾的词, 先变y加为i, 再加ed: *前一部分主语是名词,

后一部分则相应的变为代词:

study—studied, try—tried, worry--worried Li Ming is a boy, isn’t he? D:末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词, 先 *前一部分谓语动词是实义动词, 则后一部分要相应使用助动词.

双写这个辅音字母，再加ed: Tom likes English, does he?

stopped, planned, dropped, *对反意疑问句的回答,不管怎么提问, 不规则

变化:需掌握规律, 逐一熟记. 如果事实是肯定的，就用yes, 事实,:词形不变: cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, let-let-let 是否定的就用no, 这

和汉语不同，

B:过去式和过去分词相同: 要特别注意.

dig-dug-dug, feel-felt-felt *前一部分是祈使句, 后一部分则用

C:过去式加n /en构成过去分词: will you?/won’t you?

speak-spoke-spoken, break-broke-broken The Possessive Case of Nouns choose-chose-chosen 1.单数名词: 加’s D:动词原形中间元音字母i改a变

为过去读音:清辅音后读/s/, 浊辅音和元音后

式,i改u变为过去分词: 读/z/

begin-began-begun, drink-drank-drunk 例如:Mike’s dog , John’s bike E:从原形变为过去分词: 2. 以s为结尾的复数名词:加’

come-came-come, do-did-done, 读音: 读音不变

go-went-gone 例如: Teachers’ Day,