2018年12月大学英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神
2018年12月英语六级作文真题
2018年12月英语六级作文真题The 2018 December English CET-6 (College English Test - Level 6) writing exam was a highly anticipated event for many students across China. As always, the test consisted of two parts: an essay and a letter writing task. Students had 30 minutes to complete each task, making time management a crucial aspect of the exam.The essay topic for the 2018 December exam was "The Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Relationships". This topic generated a lot of discussion among test-takers because of the prevalence of social media in modern society. Many students argued that while social media can help people stay connected and build relationships, it also has a negative impact onface-to-face interactions and can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation. Others pointed out that social media can be a valuable tool for maintaining long-distance relationships and staying in touch with friends and family.In the letter writing task, students were asked to write a letter to a friend who was planning to study abroad. They were instructed to offer advice on how to adapt to a new culture and make friends in a foreign country. Many students emphasized the importance of being open-minded, respectful of culturaldifferences, and willing to step out of one's comfort zone in order to make the most of the study abroad experience.Overall, the 2018 December CET-6 writing exam provided students with an opportunity to reflect on the impact of technology on relationships and to practice their English language skills in a real-world context. It was a challenging but rewarding experience for many test-takers, and it will no doubt help them improve their English proficiency in the future.。
英语六级2018年12月（第三套）真题及详细解析翻译
英语六级2018年12月（第三套）真题及详细解析翻译2018年12月六级真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on how to balance academic study and extracurricular activities. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Stop worrying about him.B) Keep away from the statue.C) Take a picture of him.D) Pat on a smile for the photo.2. A) Gaining great fame on the Internet.B) Publishing a collection of his photos.C) Collecting the best photos in the world.D) Becoming a professional photographer.3. A) Surfing various websites and collecting photos.B) Editing his pictures and posting them online.C) Following similar accounts to compare notes.D) Studying the pictures in popular social media.4. A) They are far from satisfactory.B) They are mostly taken by her mom.C) They make an impressive album.D) They record her fond memories.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) A journal reporting the latest progress in physics.B) An introductory course of modem physics.C) An occasion for physicists to exchange ideas.D) A series of interviews with outstanding physicists.6. A) The future of the physical world.B) The origin of the universe.C) Sources of radiation.D) Particle theory.7. A) How matter collides with anti-matter.B) Whether the universe will turn barren.C) Why there exists anti-matter.D) Why there is a universe at all8. A) Matter and anti-matter are opposites of each other.B) Anti-matter allowed humans to come into existence.C) The universe formed due to a sufficient amount of matter.D) Anti-matter exists in very high-temperature environments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) She found herself speaking a foreign language.B) She woke up speaking with a different accent.C) She found some symptoms of her illness gone.D) She woke up finding herself in another country.10. A) It is usually caused by a stroke or brain injury.B) It has not yet found any effective treatment.C) It leaves the patient with a distorted memory.D) It often happens to people with speech defects.11. A) British.B) Irish.C) Russian.D) Australian.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Water sports.B) Racing in rivers.C) Stories about women swimmers.D) Books about swimming.13. A) She succeeded in swimming across the English Channel.B) She published a guide to London's best swimming spots.C) She told her story of adventures to some young swimmers.D) She wrote a book about the history of swimwear in the UK.14. A) They loved vacationing on the seashore.B) They had a unique notion of modesty.C) They were prohibited from swimming.D) They were fully dressed when swimming.15. A) She designed lots of appropriate swimwear for women.B) She once successfully competed against men in swimming.C) She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.D) She was an advocate of women's right to swim in public pools.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) Build a machine that can detect lies.B) Develop a magnetic brain scanner.C) Test the credibility of court evidence.D) Win people's complete trust in them.17. A) They are optimistic about its potential.B) They are sceptical of its reliability.C) They think it is but business promotion.D) They celebrate it with great enthusiasm.18. A) It is not to be trusted at all.B) It does not sound economical.C) It may intrude into people's privacy.D) It may lead to overuse in court trials.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Most of its residents speak several languages.B) Some of its indigenous languages are dying out.C) Each village there speaks a totally different language.D) Its languages have interested researchers the world over.20. A) They are spread randomly across the world.B) Some are more difficult to learn than others.C) More are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones.D) They enrich and impact each other in more ways than one.21. A) They used different methods to collect and analyze data.B) They identified distinct patterns of language distribution.C) Their conclusions do not correspond to their original hypotheses.D) There is no conclusive account for the cause of language diversity. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Its middle-class is disappearing.B) Its wealth is rationally distributed.C) Its population is rapidly growing.D) Its cherished dream is coming true.23. A) Success was but a dream without conscientious effort.B) They could realize their dreams through hard work.C) A few dollars could go a long way.D) Wealth was shared by all citizens.24. A) Better working conditions.B) Better-paying jobs.C) High social status.D) Full employment.25. A) Reduce the administrative costs.B) Adopt effective business models.C) Hire part-time employees only.D) Make use of the latest technology.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In what's probably the craziest headline I've ever written, I've reported that __26__ in livestock protection are happening with scientists painting eyes on the butts of cows. The experiment is based upon the idea that farmers who're protecting their herd from lions would shoot and kill lions in an effort to protect their livestock. While this makes a lot of sense, it results in many lion deaths that __27__ would have been unnecessary. Researchers in Australia have been __28__ and testing a method of trickery to make lions think they are being watched by the painted eyes on cow butts.This idea is based on the principle that lions and other __29__ are far less likely to attack when they feel they are being watched. As conservation areas become smaller, lions are increasingly coming into contact with human populations，which are expanding to the __30__ of these protected areas.Efforts like painting eyes on cow butts may seem crazy at first, but they could make actual headway in the fight for conservation. "If the method works, it could provide farmers in Botswana --and __31__ --with a low-cost, sustainable tool to protect theirlivestock, and a way to keep lions safe from being killed." Lions are __32__ ambush （埋伏）hunters, so when they feel their prey has __33__ them, they usually give up on the hunt. Researchers are __34__ testing their idea on a select herd of cattle. They have painted half of the cows with eyes and left the other half as normal. Through satellite tracking of both the herd and the lions in the area, they will be able to __35__ if their psychological trickery will work to help keep farmers fromshooting lions.A) advancesB) boundariesC) challengingD) currentlyE) determineF) devisingG) elsewhereH) neverthelessI) otherwiseJ) predatorsK) primarilyL) retortedM) spottedN) testimoniesO) wrestleSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You EndureA) As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理）the emails that have inevitably still piled up.B) Why should flying deplete us? We're just sitting there doing nothing. Why can't we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的）and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, andthe resulting impact of overworking.C) We often take a militaristic, "tough" approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.D) The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Researchhas found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery-whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones-is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.E) And just because work stops, it doesn't mean we are recovering. We "stop" work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we'll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7. 8% of Norwegians have become workaholics (工作狂）. The scientists cite a definition of "workaholism" as "being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas."F) We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U. S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.G) The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project.What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; hedoesn't have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we're young only magnify when we hit the workforce.H) As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to "try hard" requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.I) So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you'll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That's because rest and recovery are not the same thing.J) If you're trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: "Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physicalresources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work-e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations. " If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.K) If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2. 5 hours a day.L) In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends-not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion. M) As for us, we've started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work morechallenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone. 36.It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37.Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38.Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one's work efficiency.39.The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40.Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41.It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42.Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43.The author has come to see that his problem results froma misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44.People's distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45.People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Children with attention problems in early childhood were 40% less likely to graduate from high school, says a new study from Duke University.The study included 386 kindergarteners from schools in the Fast Track Project, a multi-site clinical trial in the U. S. that in 1991 began tracking how children developed across their lives.With this study, researchers examined early academic attention and socio-emotional skills and how each contributed to academic success into young adulthood.They found that early attention skills were the most consistent predictor of academic success, and that likability by peers also had a modest effect on academic performance.By fifth grade, children with early attention difficulties had lower grades and reading achievement scores than their peers. As fifth-graders, children with early attention problems obtained average reading scores at least 3% lower than their contemporaries' and grades at least 8% lower than those of their peers. This was after controlling for IQ, socio-economic status and academic skills at school entry.Although these may not seem like large effects, the impact of early attention problems continued throughout the children's academic careers. Lower reading achievement scores and grades in fifth grade contributed to reduced grades in middle school and thereby contributed to a 40% lower high school graduation rate. "The children we identified as having attention difficulties were not diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (注意力缺乏多动症）(ADHD), although some may have had the disorder. Our findings suggest that even more modest attention difficulties can increase the risk of negative academic outcomes", said David Rabiner, an associate dean of Duke's Trinity College ofArts & Sciences, whose research has focused on ADHD and interventions to improve academic performance in children with attention difficulties.Social acceptance by peers in early childhood also predicted grades in fifth grade. Children not as liked by their first-grade peers had slightly lower grades in fifth grade, while those with higher social acceptance had higher grades."This study shows the importance of so-called ‘non-cognitive' or soft skills in contributing to children's positive peer relationships, which, in turn, contribute to their academic success, " said Kenneth Dodge, director of the Duke Center for Child and Family Policy.The results highlight the need to develop effective early interventions to help those with attention problems stay on track academically and for educators to encourage positive peer relationships, the researchers said."We're learning that student success requires a more comprehensive approach, one that incorporates not only academic skills but also social, self-regulatory and attention skills, " Dodge said. "If we neglect any of these areas, the child's development lags. If we attend to these areas, a child's success may reinforce itself with positive feedback loops. "46. What is the focus of the new study from Duke University?A) The contributors to children's early attention.B) The predictors of children's academic success.C) The factors that affect children's emotional well-being.D) The determinants of children's development of social skills.47. How did the researchers ensure that their findings are valid?A) By attaching equal importance to all possible variablesexamined.B) By collecting as many typical samples as were necessary.C) By preventing them from being affected by factors not under study.D) By focusing on the family background of the children being studied.48. What do we learn from the findings of the Duke study?A) Modest students are generally m ore attentive thаn their contemporaries.B) There are more children with attention difficulties than previously thought.C) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder accounts for most academic failures.D) Children's academic performance may suffer from even slight inattention.49. What does the Duke study find about children better accepted by peers?A) They do better academically. C) They are teachers' favorites.B) They are easy to get on with. D) They care less about grades.50. What can we conclude from the Duke study?A) Children's success is related to their learning environment.B) School curriculum should cover a greater variety of subjects.C) Social skills are playing a key role in children's development.D) An all-round approach should be adopted in school education.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.On Jan. 9, 2007, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone"—a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majority of American adults and are increasingly common across the globe.As smartphones have multiplied, so have questions about their impact on how we live and how we work. Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted, leaving more subtle topics for concerned discussion:Are smartphones disturbing children's sleep? Is an inability to get away from work having a negative impact on health? And what are the implications for privacy?But today, on the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, let's take a moment to consider a less obvious advantage: the potential for smartphone technology to revolutionize behavioral science. That's because, for the first time in human history, a large proportion of the species is in continuous contact with technology that can record key features of an individual's behavior and environment.Researchers have already begun to use smartphones in social scientific research, either to query people regularly as they engage in their normal lives or to record activity using the device's built-in sensors. These studies are confirming, challenging and extending what's been found using more traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively short and artificial laboratory-based tasks.Such studies are just first steps. As more data are collected and methods foranalysis improve, researchers will be in a better position to identify how different experiences, behaviors and environments relate to each other and evolve over time, with the potential to improve people's productivity and wellbeing in a variety of domains. Beyond revealing population-wide patterns, the right combination of data and analysis can also help individuals identify unique characteristics of their own behavior, including conditions that could indicate the need for some form of intervention—such as an unusual increase in behaviors that signal a period of depression. Smartphone-based data collection comes at an appropriate time in the evolution of psychological science. Today, the field is in transition, moving away from a focus on laboratory studies with undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations studied with more diverse groups of people. Smartphones offer new tools for achieving these ambitions, providing rich data about everyday behaviors in a variety of contexts.So here's another way in which smartphones might transform the way we live and work: by offering insights into human psychology and behavior and, thus, supporting smarter social science.51. What does the author say about the negative impact of smartphones?A) It has been overshadowed by the positive impact.B) It has more often than not been taken for granted.C) It is not so obvious but has caused some concern.D) It is subtle but should by no means be overstated.52. What is considered a less obvious advantage ofsmartphone technology?A) It systematically records real human interactions.B) It helps people benefit from technological advances.C) It brings people into closer contact with each other.D) It greatly improves research on human behavior.53. What characterizes traditional psychological research?A) It is based on huge amounts of carefully collected data.B) It relies on lab observations and participants' reports.C) It makes use of the questionnaire method.D) It is often expensive and time-consuming.54. How will future psychological studies benefit individuals?A) By helping them pin down their unusual behaviors.B) By helping them maintain a positive state of mind.C) By helping them live their lives in a unique way.D) By helping them cope with abnormal situations.55. What do we learn about current psychological studies?A) They are going through a period of painful transition.B) They are increasingly focused on real-life situations.C) They are conducted in a more rigorous manner.D) They are mainly targeted towards undergraduates.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.近年来，中国政府进一步加大体育馆建设投资，以更好地满足人们快速增长的健身需求。
英语六级英译汉练习(六).doc
2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（六）2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（六）萨达姆还没有意识到在发生什么事情就被抓获了。
Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured.他进来的时候，我一直在努力修理电视机好几个小时了When he came in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of hours.道路很危险。
雨一直下了两整天。
The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days.他们累了，因为从天亮开始他们就一直在挖。
They were tired because they had been digging since dawn.那男孩得到一辆新山地自行车很高兴。
很长时间来他一直希望有一辆。
The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike. He had been hoping for one for a long time.我明年二十岁。
I shall be twenty years old next year.天黑下来了。
我想可能会下雨。
The sky is black. I think it will rain.你下午会在车站碰到他。
You will meet him at the station this afternoon. 火车快要到了。
The train will arrive soon.我们下次什么时候能看见你呢?When shall we see you next time?他大概不能和我们一起去。
He probably wont go with us.我将送你一支新钢笔作为生日礼物。
I will give you a new pen for your birthday.我将参加大学入学考试。
2018年12月英语六级翻译真题真题及答案(卷一至卷二)
2018年12月英语六级翻译真题真题及答案（卷一至卷二）英语六级翻译真题一中国越来越重视公共图书馆，并鼓励人们充分加以利用。
新近公布的统计数字表明，中国的公共图书馆数量在逐年增长。
许多图书馆通过翻新和扩建，为读者创造了更为安静、舒适的环境。
大型公共图书馆不仅提供种类繁多的参考资料，而且定期举办讲座、展览等活动。
近年来，也出现了许多数字图书馆，从而节省了存放图书所需的空间。
一些图书馆还推出了自助服务系统，使读者借书还书更加方便，进一步满足了读者的需求。
参考译文China is paying more and more attention to public libraries，and people are encouraged to make full use of them。
The newly published statistics show that the number of public libraries in China is increasing year by year。
Many libraries have created a quieter and more comfortable environment for readers through refurbishment and expansion。
Large public libraries not only provide a wide variety of reference materials，but also regularly hold activities such as lectures，exhibitions and so on。
In recent years，there have also been many digital libraries which can save the space to store books。
大学六级真题及解析翻译部分
大学六级真题及解析翻译部分大学六级英语考试是国内最具权威性和难度的英语考试之一。
其中，翻译部分是考生普遍认为较为困难的一部分，主要考查考生的词汇理解能力和英语表达能力。
为了帮助考生更好地备考和应对六级翻译部分，本文将提供一些经典真题及详细解析，希望能为考生提供一定的参考和帮助。
真题一：大学英语六级翻译（2018年12月）译文：Having a strong sense of professionalism and always adhering to ethical practices are two essential traits for a competent employee. In today's competitive job market, it is crucial for individuals to demonstrate integrity, honesty, and accountability in their work. Employers place high value on employees who can maintain professional standards and create a positive work environment.解析：本文是一篇关于职业道德和职业素养的翻译题。
首先，我们需要理解题意并找出关键词，如“strong sense of professionalism”（强烈的职业精神）、“adhering to ethical practices”（遵守职业道德）、“competent employee”（优秀员工）等。
通过理解这些关键词，我们可以得出文章的大致内容。
在翻译过程中，可以使用一些常见的翻译技巧来保持译文的准确性和流畅性。
例如，在翻译“ethical practices”时，可以选择直译为“职业道德”，以保持原文的意思；在翻译“create a positive work environment”时，可以选择更通顺的表达方式，如“营造积极的工作环境”。
2019年6月大学英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神
2019年6月大学英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神英语翻译在四六级考试的重要性不言而喻，为了帮同学们更好的提高翻译水平，帮助大家备考，无忧考网四六级频道为大家整理了《2019年6月大学英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神》一文，希望对大家备考有所帮助，并预祝同学们高分通过考试。
2019年6月大学英语六级翻译练习题库英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神中国的儒家文化也强调守信，“信”甚至被作为“五常”中的重要内容确定下来。
在我们的传统文化背景中，人与人之间的信任主要靠靠血缘、姻缘、地缘、人缘，而不是靠规则，靠契约。
近几十年来，雷霆万钧的市场化改革有力地推动了中国的社会转型，动摇了长期以来形成的血缘、地缘与业缘关系，冲击了传统的熟人社会网络关系和熟人信任。
市场经济的发展促使陌生人之间的信任逐渐增加，按规则办事成为越来越多的中国人的行为习惯。
在经济全球化的背景下，中国人只有遵守规则，才能尽快地融入国际社会。
抛弃契约精神耍弄小聪明的人，无视契约精神把小聪明用的极好的民族，最终将丧失获取大智慧的机会。
在现代化的洪流中，中国不仅需要更多的资金、技术和科学管理，更需要契约精神。
参考译文：Chinese Confucian culture also values fidelity, which even has been fixed as a key point in “Five Constant Virtues(benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity).In our traditional culture background, the interpersonal trust is mainly relied on consanguinity, marriage affinity, geographical and personal ties rather than on rules and contracts. In recent decades, the market-oriented reform pushes the transition of Chinese society with the force of a thunderbolt, shaking the long-established blood, geographic and working relationship and impacting the traditional acquaintances social networks and the trust between acquaintances. The development of market economy promotes the increasing trust between strangers, forminggradually the practices of more and more people acting in accordance with rules. Under the globalization of world economy, only obeying the rules can Chinese enter into international society as soon as possible. Those who want to live by their wits regardless of the contract spirit or that kind of people will lose the opportunity of achieving great wisdom. In the torrent of modernization, China needs not only more capital, technology and scientific administration, but also the contract spirit.。
卓顶精文2018年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案
2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Likemostpeople,I’velongunderstoodthatIwillbejudgedbymyoccupation,thatmyprofessionisagau gepeopleusetoseehowsmartortalentedIam.Recently,however,Iwasdisappointedtoseethatitalsodecid eshowI’mtreatedasaperson.LastyearIleftaprofessionalpositionasasmall-townreporterandtookajobwaitingtables.Assomeo nepaidtoservefoodtopeople.IhadcustomerssayanddothingstomeIsuspectthey’dneversayordototheirmo stcasualacquaintances.Onenightamantalkingonhiscellphonewavedmeaway,then beckoned(示意)mebackwithhisfingerminutelater,complaininghewasreadytoorderandaskingwhereI’dbeen.Ihadwaitedtablesduringsummersincollegeandwastreatedlikea peon(勤杂工)plentyofpeople.Butat19yearsold,IbelievedIdeservedinferiortreatmentfromprofessionaladults .Besides,peoplerespondedtomedifferentlyafterItoldthemIwasincollege.Customerswouldjokethaton edayI’dbesittingattheirtable,waitingtobeserved.OnceIgraduatedItookajobatacommunitynewspaper.Frommyfirstday,Iheardarespectfultonefromev eryonewhocalledme.Iassumedthiswasthewaytheprofessionalworldworked—cordially.Isoonfoundoutdifferently.Isatseveralfeetawayfromanadvertisingsalesrepresentativewithasi milarname.OurcallswouldoftengetmixedupandsomeoneaskingforKristenwouldbetransferredtoChristi e.Themistakewasimmediatelyevident.Perhapsitwasbecausemoneywasinvolved,butpeopleusedatonewit hKristenthattheyneverusedwithme.Myjobtitlemadepeopletreatmewithcourtesy.Soitwasashocktoreturntotherestaurantindustry.It’snosecretthatthere’salottoputupwithwhenwaitingtables,andfortunately,muchofitcanbeeasi lyforgottenwhenyoupocketthetips.Theserviceindustry,bydefinition,existstocatertoothers’needs. Still,itseemedthatmanyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant.I’mnowapplyingtograduatedschool,whichmeanssomedayI’llreturntoaprofessionwherepeopleneedt obenicetomeinordertogetwhattheywant,IthinkI’lltakethemtodinnerfirst,andseehowtheytreatsomeon ewhoseonlyjobistoservethem.52.Theauthorwasdisappointedtofindthat_______.[A]one’spositionisusedasagaugetomeasureone’sintelligence[B]talentedpeoplelikehershouldfailtogetarespectablejob[C]one’soccupationaffectsthewayoneistreatedasaperson[D]professionalstendtolookdownuponmanualworkers53.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosaybytheexampleinthesecondparagraph?[A]Somecustomerssimplyshownorespecttothosewhoservethem.[B]Peopleabsorbedinaphoneconversationtendtobeabsent-minded.[C]Waitressesareoftentreatedbycustomersascasualacquaintances.[D]Somecustomersliketomakeloudcomplaintsfornoreasonatall.54.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingtablesattheageof19?[A]Shefeltitunfairtobetreatedasamereservantbyprofessional.[B]Shefeltbadlyhurtwhenhercustomersregardedherasapeon.[C]Shewasembarrassedeachtimehercustomersjokedwithher.[D]Shefounditnaturalforprofessionalstotreatherasinferior.55.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“…manyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant”(Lines3-4,Para.7)?[A]Thosewhocatertoothers’needsaredestinedtobelookeddownupon.[B]Thoseworkingintheserviceindustryshouldn’tbetreatedasservants.[C]Thoseservingothershavetoputupwithroughtreatmenttoearnaliving.[D]Themajorityofcustomerstendtolookonaservantasservernowadays.56.Theauthorsaysshe’llonedaytakeherclientstodinnerinorderto________.[A]seewhatkindofpersontheyare[B]experiencethefeelingofbeingserved[C]showhergenerositytowardspeopleinferiortoher[D]arousetheirsympathyforpeoplelivingahumblelifePassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.What’shotfor2019amongtheveryrich?A$7.3milliondiamondring.AtriptoTanzaniatohuntwildanima ls.Oh,andincomeinequality.Sure,someleftishbillionaireslikeGeorgeSoroshavebeenrailingagainstincomeinequalityforye ars.Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestaringtoworryaboutincomeinequality andthefateofthemiddleclass.InDecember,MortimerZuckermanwroteacolumninU.S.News&WorldReport,whichheowns.“ournation’s corebargainwiththemiddleclassisdisintegrating,”lamented(哀叹)the117th-richestmaninAmerica.“Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheinco meladder.Averageincomeforahouseholdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinaraw .”Henotedthat“TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankr uptcy.”WilburRossJr.hasechoedZuckerman’sangeroverthebitterstrugglesfacedbymiddle-classAmerican s.“It’sanoutragethatanyAmerican’slifeexpectancyshouldbeshortenedsimplybecausethecompanytheyw orkedforwentbankruptandendedhealth-carecoverage,”saidtheformerchairmanoftheInternationalSte elGroup.What’shappening?TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandp olicy.GiventherecentchangeofcontrolinCongress,thepopularityofmeasureslikeincreasingtheminim umwage,andeffortsbyCalifornia’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare,theseguysdon’tneedtheirown personalweathermentoknowwhichwaythewindblows.It’spossiblethat plutocrats(有钱有势的人)areexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesf rom confiscatory(没收性的)taxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkee pplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegr ationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomea ndeconomicinsecurity.Inotherwords,ifmiddle-classAmericanscontinuetostrugglefinanciallyastheultrawealthygrow everwealthier,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttomaintainpoliticalsupportforthefreeflowofgoods, services,andcapitalacrossborders.AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninve storsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.Forpeoplewhobuyandsellcompa nies,orwhoallocatecapitaltomarketsallaroundtheworld,that’stherealnightmare.57.WhatisthecurrenttopicofcommoninterestamongtheveryrichinAmerica?[A]Thefateoftheultrawealthypeople.[B]Thedisintegrationofthemiddleclass.[C]Theinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.[D]Theconflictbetweentheleftandtherightwing.58.WhatdowelearnfromMortimerZuckerman’slamentation?[A]Manymiddle-incomefamilieshavefailedtomakeabargainforbetterwelfare.[B]TheAmericaneconomicsystemhascausedcompaniestogobankrupt.[C]TheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth.[D]ThemajorityofAmericansbenefitlittlefromthenation’sgrowingwealth.59.Fromthefifthparagraphwecanlearnthat________.[A]theveryricharefashion-conscious[B]theveryricharepoliticallysensitive[C]universalhealthcareistobeimplementedthroughoutAmerica[D]Congresshasgainedpopularitybyincreasingtheminimumwage60.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?[A]Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.[B]Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributesmosttosociety.[C]Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.[D]Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.61.WhatmayhappeniftheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods?[A]Thepricesofimportedgoodswillinevitablysoarbeyondcontrol.[B]Theinvestorswillhavetomakegreateffortstore-allocatecapital.[C]Thewealthywillattempttobuyforeigncompaniesacrossborders.[D].Foreigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.阅读SectionB52COne’soccupationaffectsthewayoneistreatedasaperson.53ASomecustomerssimplyshownorespecttothosewhoservethem.54DShefounditnaturalforprofessionalstotreatherasinferior.55BThoseworkingintheserviceindustryshouldn’tbetreatedasservants.56ASeewhatkindofpersontheyare.57CTheinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.58CTheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth59BTheveryricharepoliticallysensitive.60CTheywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomics’integration.61DForeigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.。
大学英语六级汉译英练习(13).doc
2018年大学英语六级汉译英练习（13）2018年大学英语六级汉译英练习（13）汉译英1.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。
2.一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。
3.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。
4.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。
5.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。
1. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.6.到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。
7.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。
8. Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性纽约诊所。
9. Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。
30.珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度，温度和含盐度的制约。
参考译文1. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.2. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.3. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.4. Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higher than the density of its liquid.5. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.6. By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.7. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center.8. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmary, an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.9. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.30. The pigmentation of a pearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and by the depth, temperature, and the salt content of the water in which the oyster lives.。
大学英语六级汉译英练习(14).doc
2018年大学英语六级汉译英练习（14）2018年大学英语六级汉译英练习（14）汉译英1.骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。
2.科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。
3.对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。
4.消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。
5.未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。
拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。
6. Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。
7. Lucretia Mott’s的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。
8.国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。
9.大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。
10.根据默默无闻的小说制作优秀影片在美国由来已久，已经成为传统。
参考译文1. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticitythat enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.2. That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.3. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.4. The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.5. Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.6. One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.7. Lucretia Mott’s influence was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United States.8. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.9. The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the AtlanticOcean from those flowing into the Pacific.10. The practice of making excellent films based on rather obscure novels has been going on so long in the United States as to constitute a tradition.。
2018年12月英语六级考试真题及答案第一卷
2018年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on how to balance workand leisure. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How to Balance Work and LeisureJust as the old saying goes, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy", which illustrates the importance and necessity of keeping a balance between work and leisure. However, in today's fast-paced work culture, it's difficult for most people to successfully maintain a good balance between the two.As for me, some tips can contribute to achieving the balance. First of all, you should develop efficient working habits, because only in this way can you squeeze out some leisure time. It requires you to devote your full attention to the task at hand and complete daily work efficiently. Second, in order to relieve the fatigue and stress, it's vital to schedule one thing that you are interested in each day and set aside some time for relaxation. Last but not least, for those workaholics, please keep in mind that if you work hard, you shouldn't feel guilty when you spend time on personal leisure, for entertainment is also a part of life.To conclude, work and leisure complement each other, so when you get tired and bored with your daily grind, try to take some time off work to relax yourself.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It can benefit professionals and non-professionals alike.B) It lists the various challenges physicists arc confronting.C) It describes how some mysteries of physics were solved.D) It is one of the most fascinating physics books ever written.2. A）physicists' contribution to humanity.B) Stories about some female physicists.C) Historical evolution of modern physics.D) Women's changing attitudes to physics.3. A) By exposing a lot of myths in physics.B) By describing her own life experiences.C) By including lots of fascinating knowledge.D) By telling anecdotes about famous professors.4. A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of physics.B) It contains a lot of thought-provoking questions.C) It demonstrates how they can become physicists.D) It provides experiments they can do themselves.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) He is too busy to finish his assignment in time.B) He does not know what kind of topic to write on.C) He does not understand the professor's instructions.D) He has no idea how to proceed with his dissertation论文、专题、学术演讲.6. A) It is too broad宽的、宽阔的.B) It is a bit outdated过时的、落伍的.C) It is challenging.D) It is interesting.7. A) Biography传记、档案.B) Nature.C) Philosophy哲学.D)Beauty.8. A)Improve his cumulative grade.B) Develop his reading ability.C) Stick to坚持、忠于、信守the topic assigned.D) List the parameters first.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) The unprecedented空前的、史无前例的high temperature高温in Greenland.B) The collapse of ice on the northern tip of Greenland.C) The unusual cold spell in the Arctic area in October.D) The rapid change of Arctic temperature within a day.10. A) It has created a totally new climate pattern.B) It will pose a serious threat to many species.C) It typically appears about once every ten years.D) It has puzzled the climate scientists for decades.11. A) Extinction of Arctic wildlife.B) Iceless summers in the Arctic.C) Emigration of indigenous people.D) Better understanding of ecosystems.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) A good start.B) A detailed plan.C) A strong determination.D) A scientific approach.13. A) Most people get energized after a sufficient rest.B) Most people tend to have a finite source of energy.C) It is vital to take breaks between demanding mental tasks.D) It is most important to have confidence in one's willpower意志力、毅力.14. A) They could keep on继续、连续不断working longer.B) They could do more challenging tasks.C) They found it easier to focus on work at hand.D) They held more positive attitudes toward life.15. A) They are part of their nature.B) They are subject to受制于、服从change.C) They are related to culture.D) They are beyond control.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) About half of current jobs might be automated.B) The jobs of doctors and lawyers would be threatened.C) The job market is becoming somewhat unpredictable.D) Machine learning would prove disruptive by 2013.17. A) They are widely applicable for massive open online courses.B) They are now being used by numerous high school teachers.C) They could read as many as 10, 000 essays in a single minute.D) They could grade评级、评分high-school essays just like human teachers18. A) It needs instructions throughout the process.B) It does poorly on frequent, high-volume tasks.C) It has to rely on huge amounts of previous以前的、先前的data.D) It is slow when it comes to tracking novel things.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) The engineering problems with solar power.B) The generation of steam with the latest technology.C) The importance of exploring new energy sources.D) The theoretical aspects of sustainable energy可持续能源、可再生能源.20. A) Drive trains with solar energy太阳能.B) Upgrade the city's train facilities.C) Build a new ten-kilometre railway line.D) Cut down the city's energy consumption21. A) Build a tank for keeping calcium oxide.B) Find a new material for storing储存、存储energy.C) Recover super-heated steam.D) Collect carbon dioxide gas.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) The lack of supervision by both the national and local governments.B) The impact of the current economic crisis at home and abroad.C) The poor management of day centres and home help services.D) The poor relation between national health and social care services.23. A) It was mainly provided by voluntary services.B) It mainly caters to the needs of the privileged.C) It called for a sufficient number of volunteers.D) It has deteriorated over the past sixty years.24. A) Their longer lifespans.B) Fewer home helpers available.C) Their preference for private services.D) More of them suffering serious illnesses.25. A) They are unable to pay for health services.B) They have long been discriminated辨别against.C) They are vulnerable to illnesses and diseases.D) They have contributed a great deal to society.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Just off the coast of Southern California sits Santa Cruz Island, where a magical creature called the island fox _F_26_dwells_. A decade ago, this island's ecosystem生态系统was in _B_27_chaos混乱的_ Wild pigs attracted golden eagles from the mainland, and those flying _L_28_predators捕食者、食肉动物_ crashed the fox population. So the Nature Conservancy launched a _H_29_fierce凶猛、凶狠_ war against the pigs, complete with helicopters直升机and sharp shooters.And it worked. Today, federal agencies are pulling the island fox from the Endangered Species List. It's the fastest-ever recovery of a mammal哺乳动物, joining peers同龄人、同事like the Louisiana black bear as glowing successes in the history of the Endangered濒临灭绝的Species Act.But the recovery of Santa Cruz Island isn't just about the fox. The Nature Conservancy保护、管理has _D_30_declared_ war on a multitude of大量、一大批invasive入侵的、侵略性的species here, from sheep to plants to the _A_31_aggressive侵略性的、好斗的、有进取心的_ Argentine ant阿根廷蚂蚁. "Our philosophywith the island has always been, 'OK, _M_32_remove _ the threats and let the island go back to what it was," says ecologist Christina Boser. And it appears to be working. Native plants are coining back, and the fox once again bounds about carefree.But keeping those foxes from harm will occupy Boser and her colleagues for years to come. You see, humans are still allowed on Santa Cruz Island, and they bring dogs. So Boser has to vaccinate her foxes against various diseases. "We're obligated to keep a pulse on the population for at least five years after the foxes are delisted," says Boser. That includes tagging标记、标签the foxes and _K_33_monitoring 监视、监测_ their numbers to ensure nothing goes wrong.This is the story of the little fox that has come back, and the people who have _E_34_dedicated奉献_ their lives to protecting it. This is the story of wildlife野生动植物conservation保护、保存、保持in the age of mass _G_35_extinction灭绝、消灭_.A) aggressive B) chaos C) configuration D) declared E) dedicated F) dwells G) extinction H) fierce I) hinders J) mammal K) monitoring L) predators M) remove N) tempt O) underlyingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do Parents Invade Children's Privacy When They Post Photos Online?A) When Katlyn Burbidge's son was 6 years old, he was performing some ridiculous song and dance typical of a first-grader. But after she snapped a photo and started using her phone, he asked her a serious question: "Are you going to post that online?" She laughed and answered, "Yes, I think I will." What he said next stopped her. "Can you not?"B) That's when it dawned on her: She had been posting photos of him online without asking his permission. "We're big advocates of bodily autonomy and not forcing him to hug or kiss people unless he wants to, but it never occurred to me that I should ask his permission to post photos of him online," says Burbidge, a mom of two in Wakefield, Massachusetts. "Now when I post a photo of him online, I show him the photo and get his okay. "C) When her 8-month-old is 3 or 4 years old, she plans to start asking him in an age-appropriate way, "Do you want other people to see this?" That’s precisely the approach that two res earchers advocated before a room of pediatricians （儿科医生）last week at the American Academy of Pediatrics meeting, when they discussed the 21st century challenge of "sharenting", a new term for parents' online sharing about their children. "As advocates of children's rights, we believe that children should have a voice about what information is shared about them if possible", says Stacey Steinberg, a legal skills professor at the University of Florida Levin College of Law in Gainesville.D) Whether it's ensuring that your child isn't bullied over something you post, that their identity isn't digitally "kidnapped", or that their photos don't end up on a half dozen child pornography (色情）sites, as one Australian mom discovered, parents and pediatricians are increasingly aware of the importance of protecting children's digital presence. Steinberg and Bahareh Keith, an assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Florida College of Medicine, say most children will likely never experience problemsrelated to what their parents share, but a tension still exists between parents' rights to share their experiences and their children's rights to privacy.E) "We're in no way trying to silence parents, voices," Steinberg says. "At the same time, we recognize that children might have an interest in entering adulthood free to create their own digital footprint. "They cited a study presented earlier this year of 249 pairs of parents and their children in which twice as many children as parents wanted rules on what par ents could share. "The parents said, ‘We don't needrules-we're fine,’ and the children said, ‘Our parents need rules,’ Keith says. "The children wanted autonomy about this issue and were worried about their parents sharing information about them. "F) Although the American Academy of Pediatrics offers guidelines recommending that parents model appropriate social media use for their children, it does not explicitly discuss oversharing by parents. "I think this is a very legitimate concern, and I appreciate their drawing our attention to it", David Hill, a father of five, says. He sees a role for pediatricians to talk with parents about this，but believes the messaging must extend far beyond pediatricians, offices. "I look forward to seeing researchers expand our understanding of the issue so we can translate it into effective education and policy," he says.G) There's been little research on the topic, Steinberg wrote in a law article about this issue. While states could pass laws related to sharing information about children online, Steinberg feels parents themselves are generally best suited to make these decisions for their families. "While we didn't want to create any unnecessary panic, we did find some concerns that were troublesome, and we thought that parents or at least physicians should be aware of those potential risks," Steinberg says. They include photos repurposed for inappropriate or illegal means, identity theft, embarrassment, bullying by peers or digital kidnapping.H) But that's the negative side, with risks that must be balanced against the benefits of sharing. Steinberg pointed out that parental sharing on social media helps build communities, connect spread-out families, provide support and raise awareness around important social issues for which parents might be their children's only voice.I) A C. S. Mott survey found among the 56 percent of mothers and 34 percent of fathers who discussed parenting on social media, 72 percent of them said sharing made them feel less alone, and nearly as many said sharing helped them worry less and gave them advice from other parents. The most common topics they discussed included kids' sleep, nutrition, discipline, behavior problems and day care and preschool.J) "There's this peer-to-peer nature of health care these days with a profound opportunity for parents to learn helpful tips, safety and prevention efforts, pro-vaccine messages and all kinds of other messages from other parents in their social communities", says Wendy Sue Swanson, a pediatrician and executive director of digital health at Seattle Children’s Hospital, where she blogs about her own parenting journey to help other parents. "They're getting nurtured by people they've already selected that they trust." she says.K) "How do we weigh the risks, how do we think about the benefits, and how do we alleviate the risks?" she says. "Those are the questions we need to ask ourselves, and everyone can have a different answer."L) Some parents find the best route for them is not to share at all. Bridget O'Hanlon and her husband, who live in Cleveland, decided before their daughter was born that they would not post her photos online. When a few family members did post pictures, O'Hanlon and her husband made their wishes clear. "It'sbeen hard not to share pictures of her because people always want to know how babies and toddlers (学走路的孩子）are doing and to see pictures, but we made the decision to have social media while she did not," O'Hanlon said. Similarly, Alison Jamison of New York decided with her husband that their child had a right to their own online identity. They did use an invitation-only photo sharing platform so that friends and family, including those far away, could see the photos, but they stood firm, simply refusing to put their child's photos on other social media platforms.M) "For most families, it's a journey. Sometimes it goes wrong, but most of the time it doesn't, " says Swanson, who recommends starting to ask children permission to post narratives or photos around ages 6 to 8. "We'll learn more and more what our tolerance is. We can ask our kids to help us learn as a society what's okay and what's not. "N) Indeed, that learning process goes both ways. Bria Dunham, a mother in Somerville, Massachusetts, was so excited to watch a moment of brotherly bonding while her first-grader and baby took a bath together that she snapped a few photos. But when she considered posting them online, she took the perspective of her son: How would he feel if his classmates, parents saw photos of him chest-up in the bathtub? "It made me think about how I'm teaching him to have ownership of his own body and how what is shared today endures into the future," Dunham says. "So I kept the pictures to myself and accepted this as one more step in supporting his increasing autonomy. "36. Steinberg argued parental sharing online can be beneficial. H37. According to an expert, when children reach school age, they can help their parents learn what can and cannot be done. M38. One mother refrained from posting her son’s photos online when she considered the matter from her son's perspective. N39. According to a study, more children than parents think there should be rules on parents' sharing. E40. Katlyn Burbidge had never realized she had to ask her son's approval to put his photos online. B41. A mother decided not to post her son's photo online when he asked her not to. A42. A woman pediatrician tries to help other parents by sharing her own parenting experience. J43. There are people who decide simply not to share their children's photos online. L44. Parents and physicians should realize sharing information online about children may involve risks. G45. Parents who share their parenting experiences may find themselves intruding into their children's privacy.DSection CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Perhaps it is time for farmers to put their feet up now that robots are used to inspect crops, dig up weeds, and even have become shepherds, too. Commercial growing fields are astronomically huge and take thousands of man-hours to operate. One prime example is one of Australia's most isolated cattle stations,Suplejack Downs in the Northern Territory, extending across 4,000 square kilometers, taking over 13 hours to reach by car from the nearest major town—Alice Springs.The extreme isolation of these massive farms leaves them often unattended, and monitored only once or twice a year, which means if the livestock falls ill or requires assistance, it can be a long time for farmers to discover.However, robots are coming to the rescue.Robots are currently under a two-year trial in Wales which will train 'farmbots' to herd, monitor the health of livestock, and make sure there is enough pasture for them to graze on. The robots are equipped with many sensors to identify conditions of the environment, cattle and food, using thermal and vision sensors that detect changes in body temperature."You've also got color, texture and shape sensors looking down at the ground to check pasture quality," says Salah Sukkarieh of the University of Sydney, who will carry out trials on several farms in central New South Wales.During the trials, the robot algorithms (算法) and mechanics will be fine-tuned to make it better suited to ailing livestock and ensure it safely navigates around potential hazards including trees, mud, swamps, and hills."We want to improve the quality of animal health and make it easier for farmers to maintain large landscapes where animals roam free," says Sukkarieh.The robots are not limited to herding and monitoring livestock. They have been created to count individual fruit, inspect crops, and even pull weeds.Many robots are equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms to avoid injuring humans as they work side by side. The robots also learn the most efficient and safest passages, and allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize the attributes and tasks of the robot, as well as provide a live stream giving real-time feedback on exactly what is happening on the farms.Of course, some worry lies in replacing agricultural workers. However, it is fanners that are pushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vacancies, making it difficult to maintain large-scale operations.The robots have provided major benefits to farmers in various ways, from hunting and pulling weeds to monitoring the condition of every single fruit. Future farms will likely experience a greater deal of autonomy as robots take up more and more farm work efficiently.46. What may farmers be able to do with robots appearing on the farming scene?A) Upgrade farm produce.B) Enjoy more leisure hours.C) Modify the genes of crops.D) Cut down farming costs.47. What will 'farmbots' be expected to do?A) Take up many of the farmers, routines.B) Provide medical treatments for livestock.C) Lead the trend in farming the world over.D) Improve the quality of pastures for grazing.48. What can robots do when equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms学习算法?A) Help farmers choose the most efficient and safest passages.B) Help farmers simplify their farming tasks and management.C) Allow farmers to learn instantly what is occurring发生on the farm.D) Allow farmers to give them real-time instructions on what to do.49. Why are farmers pressing for robotic farming?A) Farming costs are fast increasing.B) Robotics technology is maturing.C) Robotic fanning is the trend.D) Labor shortage is worsening.50. What does the author think future farms will be like?A) More and more automated.B) More and more productive.C) Larger and larger in scale.D) Better and better in condition.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change, where a variety of factors, not the least of which is a breakdown in the transmission of fundamental climate data to the general public, has contributed to widespread mistrust and misunderstanding of scientists and their research.The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.However, the importance of effective communication with a general audience is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for socially charged neuroscience issues such as the genetic basis for a particular behavior, the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases, or the use of animal models, areas where the public understanding of science can also influence policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, with continuing advances in individual genome (基因组) sequencing and the advent of personalized medicine, more non-scientists will need to be comfortable analyzing complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific information among the public. Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape the efficient transmission of scientific advances to the public. Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while adhering to scientific accuracy.Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material to the point that the basic information conveyed is obscured or at worst, obviously wrong. The impact of a basic discovery on human health can be exaggerated so that the public thinks a miraculous cure is a few months to years away when in reality the significance of the study is far more limited.Even though scientists play a part in transmitting information to journalists and ultimately the public, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists. We believe, that at least part of the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media, and exists because for one thing we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and for another most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.51. What does the example of climate change serve to show?A) The importance of climate data is increasingly recognized.B) Adequate government funding is vital to scientific research.C) Government regulation helps the public understand science.D) Common folks'家庭的、人们的scientific knowledge can sway影响、动摇policy making.52. What should non-scientists do to ensure their quality of life?A) Seek personalized medical assistance from doctors.B) Acquire a basic understanding of medical science.C) Have their individual genome sequenced.D) Make informed use of animal models.53. Why is it important for scientists to build a good relationship with the media?A) It helps them to effectively popularize普及、推广new scientific information.B) It enables the public to develop a positive attitude toward science.C) It helps them to establish a more positive public image.D) It enables them to apply their findings to public health.54. What does the author say is the problem with science journalism?A) It is keen on transmitting sensational information.B) It tends to oversimplify people's health problems.C) It may give inaccurate不精确的、错误的or distorted歪曲的、扭曲的information to the public.D) It may provide information open to different interpretations.55. What should scientists do to impart their latest findings to the public more effectively?A) Give training to science journalists.B) Stimulate public interest in science.C) Seek timely assistance from the media.D) Improve their communication skills.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.近年来，中国越来越多的博物馆免费向公众开放。
英语六级英译汉练习(一).doc
2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（一）2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（一）像那样死去是一件可怕的事。
To die like that is a terrible thing.=It is a terrible thing to die like that.有自知之明不容易。
To know oneself is difficult.=Its difficult to know oneself.撒谎并非总是容易。
To tell a lie is not always easy.= Its not always easy to tell a lie.永远不得罪任何人就是我的原则。
Never to offend anyone is my principle.保持单身是违反自然的。
Its against nature to remain single.眼见为实。
To see is to believe.一条狗象那样死去是一件可怕的事。
For a dog to die like that is a terrible thing.一个人什么都知道是不可能的。
For one to know everything is impossible.他兄弟John去当水手是很自然的事。
For his brother John to go to sea seems natural.你要是把她忘了，那可太不应该了。
Itll be a great shame for you to forget her.我们不接受邀请不合适。
Its not proper for us not to accept the invitation.何时何地讨论她的辞职还没定。
It has not yet been decided when and where to discuss her resignation.赌博就是自杀，而不是致富。
To gamble is to commit suicide, but not to get rich.批评别人就是树敌。
2018年12月大学英语六级翻译卷解析
网站/2018年12月大学英语六级翻译卷解析Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.中国越来越重视公共图书馆，并鼓励人们充分加以利用。
新近公布的统计数字表明，中国的公共图书馆数量在逐年增长。
许多图书馆通过翻新和扩建，为读者创造了更为安静、舒适的环境。
大型公共图书馆不仅提供种类繁多的参考资料，而且定期举办讲座、展览等活动。
近年来，也出现了许多数字图书馆，从而节省了存放图书所需的空间。
一些图书馆还推出了自助服务系统，使读者借书还书更加方便，进一步满足了读者的需求。
译文China has attached increasing importance to public libraries into which people are encouraged to fully tap . A recent statistics showed that the number of libraries in China features an annual growth . Many libraries boast more peaceful and comfortable environment as a result of renovation and expansion . Some big ones not only have numerous kinds of reference books available but also serve as the places for regular lectures and exhibitions. Recent years has witnessed the emergence of many digital libraries intended to save the space needed to store books .some of them have launched self-service system , which is meant to further meet the need of readers to borrow and return the books conveniently.解析1 句式上，第一二句有重合名词“图书馆”，所以可以连成定语从句。
英语六级英译汉练习(十三).doc
2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（十三）2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（十三）我将尽一切可能帮助你。
Ill do anything (that) I can to help you.能做的一切都做了。
Everything that can be done has been done.愿上帝保佑此船和所有乘此船航行的人。
God bless this ship and all who sail in her.我能说的是(千言万语变成一句话)：非常感谢你。
All that I can say is thank you very much.我们参观过的工人及他们的工作条件留下了深刻印象。
We were deeply impressed by the workers and their working conditions that we had visited.我们听他谈论他感兴趣的人物和书籍。
We listened to him talk about the men and books that interested him。
让我们只讨论与我们有关的问题。
Lets discuss only such questions as concern us.我从来没听说过他讲的这种故事。
Ive never heard such stories as he tells.如果他做这件事的方法和我一样，那就奇怪了。
I shall be surprised if he does this in the same way as I do.她和我在同一个办公室工作。
She works in the same office as I do.她姐妹俩穿同样的衣服。
She wears the same kind of clothes as her sister does.他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。
Hes wearing the same dress as he wore at Marys wedding.这块表和我丢的那块一样。
英语六级英译汉练习(二).doc
2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（二）2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（二）什么都做等于什么也做不成。
To do everything is to do nothing.也许最受欢迎的放松方式就是参加体育活动。
Perhaps the most popular way of relaxing is to participate in sports.这个问题是要你考虑的。
This matter is for you to consider.这些苹果是给客人们吃的。
These apples are for the guests to eat.我的希望是所有成员每年聚会一次。
My hope is for all members to come together once a year.我的建议是你向她道歉。
My advice is for you to apologize to her.问题是到哪里求助。
The question is where to go for help.尊重别人就是受到别人的尊重。
To respect others is to be respected.见到她就会爱上她。
To see her is to love her.没有任何能救他的人。
There is not any one to save him.他不是那种撒谎的人。
Hes a not a man to tell lies.他是个可以信赖的人。
Hes a man to be trusted.他需要爱来给他那破碎的心以力量。
He needs love to strengthen his broken heart.我不明白他把儿子送到撒哈拉沙漠的想法。
I dont understand his idea to send his son to the Sahara. 我需要买个装CD片的盒子。
I need to buy a box to hold my CDs.这次访问是学习中文的好机会。
英语六级英译汉练习(四).doc
2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（四）2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（四）我宁死也不受侮辱。
I would rather die than be insulted.这个湖里禁止钓鱼。
Fishing in this lake is forbidden.出国访问和在国外定居是两件不同的事情。
Going abroad for a visit and settling down abroad are two different things.似乎读英语比说英语容易。
It seems that reading English is easier than speaking it.我最喜欢的爱好是钓鱼/集邮。
My favorite hobby is fishing/collecting stamps .现在给她打电话没用了。
Its no use /good ringing her up now.为两分钱讲价两小时值得吗?Is it worthwhile bargaining two hours for two cents?再试一次是明智的。
Its wise trying again.制止污染有重要意义。
It is of great importance fighting against pollution.给这个病人做手术已经没用了。
本应该早些把他送来。
It is no use operating on the sick man. He should have been sent here early.吸烟没好处，你最好戒掉。
It is no good smoking; youd better give it up.孩子们喜欢流行音乐。
The children are fond of listening to pop music.你有兴趣去看演出吗?Are you interested in going to the show?托马斯坚持按他自己的方法做这件事。
2018年12月英语六级阅读练习题及答案(十)
﹛﹛﹛﹛There was on shop in the town of Mufulira, which was notorious for its color bar. It was a drugstore. While Europeans were served at the counter, a long line of Africans queued at the window and often not only were kept waiting but, when their turn came to be served, were rudely treated by the shop assistants. One day I was determined to make a public protest against this kind of thing, and many of the schoolboys in my class followed me to the store and waited outside to see what would happen when I went in. I simply went into the shop and asked the manager politelyfor some medicine. As soon as he saw me standing in the place where only European customers were allowed to stand he shouted at me in a bastard language that is only used by an employed when speaking to his servants. I stood at the counter and politely requested in English that I should be served. The manager became exasperated and said to me in English, 求If you stand there till Christmas I will never serve you.′﹛﹛I went to the District commissioner＆s office. Fortunately the District Commissioner was out, for he was one of the old school; however, I saw a young District Officer who was a friend of mine. He was very concerned to hear my story and told me that if ever I wanted anything more from the drugstore all I had to do was come to him personally and he would buy my medicine for﹛﹛me. I protested that that was not good enough. I asked him to accompany me back to the store and to make a protest to the manager. This he did, and I well remember him saying to the manager, 求Here is Mr. Kaunda who is a responsible member of the Urban Advisory Council, and you treat him like a common servant.′ The manager of the drugstore apologized and said, 求If only he had introduced himself and explained who he was, then, of course I should have given him proper service.′ I had to explain once again that he had missed my point. Why should I have to introduce myself every time I went into a store＃any more than I should have to buy my medicine by going to a European friend? I want to prove that any man of any color, whatever his position, should have the right to go into any shop and buy what he wanted.﹛﹛1.求Color bar′ in the first paragraph comes closest in meaning to ___.﹛﹛A.a bar which is painted in different colors.﹛﹛B.the fact that white and black customers are served separately.﹛﹛C.a bar of chocolate having different colors.﹛﹛D.a counter where people of different colors are served with beer.﹛﹛2.The writer was, at the time of the story, ___.﹛﹛A.a black school teacher B.an African servant﹛﹛C.a black, but a friend of Europeans D.a rich black﹛﹛3.The manager of the drugstore shouted at the writer in a bastard language because ___.﹛﹛A.he hadn＆t learned to speak polite English.﹛﹛B.he thought the writer wouldn＆t understand English.﹛﹛C.that was the usual language used by Europeans when speaking to Africans. ﹛﹛D.that was the only language he could speak when he was angry.﹛﹛4.In the third paragraph, 求he was one of the old school′ means ___.﹛﹛A.he believed in the age-old practice of racial discrimination. B.he was a very old man.﹛﹛C.he graduated from an old, conservative school. D.he was in charge of an old school.﹛﹛5.Why didn＆t the writer wait at the window of the drugstore like other black African?﹛﹛A.Because he thought he was educated and should be treated differently. ﹛﹛B.Because he thought, being an important person, he should not be kept waiting. ﹛﹛C.Because he thought his white friends would help him out.﹛﹛D.Because he wanted to protest against racial discrimination.﹛﹛湘偶ㄩBACAD﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛。
2018年12月英语六级阅读练习题及答案(七)
﹛﹛﹛﹛For four lonely years, Evelyn Jones of Rockford, Illinois, lived friendless and forgotten in one room of a cheap hotel. 求I wasn＆t sick, but I was acting sick,′ the 78-year-old widow says. 求Every day was the same〞I would just lie on my bed and maybe cook up some soup.′ Then, six months ago, she was invited to 求The Brighter Side′〞Rockford＆s day care center for the elderly. Every weekday morning since then, she has left her home to meet nine other old people in a church for a rich program of charity work, trips, games, and〞most important of all〞friendly companionship. Just a few years ago, there were few choices for the elderly between a normal life in their own homes and being totally confined in nursing homes. Many of them were sent to rest homes long before they needed full-time care. Others like Mrs. Jones, were left to take care of themselves. But in 1971, the White House Conference on Aging called for the development of alternatives to care in nursing homes for old people, and since then, government-supported day-care programs like The Brighter Side have been developed in most big American cities. 求This represents a real alternative to the feared institution and makes old people believe they have not left the world of living,′ says Alice Brophy, 64, director of New York City＆s Office for the Aging. 求They do well at the centers, and I hate it when people describe us as elderly playpens.′ New York＆s 138 centers encourage continuing contact for the aged with the community＆s life. The centers serve more than 15,000 members, and volunteer workers are always looking for new ones. If someone doesn＆t show up at the center for several days in a row, a worker at the center calls to make sure all is well. And although participation in the center is free, those who want to can pay for their lunches.﹛﹛No normal studies have been made of these centers for the elderly, but government officials are enthusiastic. In the future, the Public Health Service will do a study to decide if the programs can receive federal Medicare money. And the old people themselves are very happy with the programs. 求There is no way,′ says Evelyn Jones, smiling at her new companions at the Brighter Side, 求that I will ever go back to spending my day with all those loses at the hotel.′﹛﹛1.What is the main idea of the article?﹛﹛A.Day care centers may be able to receive federal Medicare money.﹛﹛B.Day care centers can make life better for elderly people.﹛﹛C.Many old people in the United States are lonely.﹛﹛D.Old people have no place in their society.﹛﹛2.According to Para 2, why did many old people have to go to nursing homes? ﹛﹛A.They need full-time care. B.They wanted to go there.﹛﹛C.They were sent there. D.They were volunteers there.﹛﹛3.According to Alice Brophy (in Paragraph 3)___.﹛﹛A.the centers are like elderly playpens. B.the old people do well at the day care centers.﹛﹛C.old people like nursing institutions. D.outside the Brighter side they don＆t work for the old.﹛﹛4.求This represents a real alternative to the feared institution.′ (in Paragraph 3) In the sentence 求this′ means ___.﹛﹛A.most big American cities. B.rest homes.﹛﹛C.day care programs. D.the White House Conference on aging.﹛﹛5.How does the writer of the article seem to feel about day care centers for the elderly?﹛﹛A.The writer approves of them. B.The writer disapproves of them.﹛﹛C.The writer thinks nursing homes are better. D.He doesn＆t say anything about it.﹛﹛湘偶ㄩBCBCA﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛。
2018年12月英语六级阅读练习题及答案(二)
﹛﹛﹛﹛Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said〞the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings﹛﹛are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily﹛﹛on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message.﹛﹛Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don＆t always say what we﹛﹛mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don＆t mean anything except 求 I＆m letting off some steam. I don＆t really want﹛﹛you to pay close attention to what I＆m saying. Just pay attention to what I＆m feeling.′ Mostly we mean several things at once. A﹛﹛person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, 求This step has to be fixed before I＆ll buy.′ The owner says, 求 It＆s﹛﹛been like that for years.′ Actually, the step hasn＆t been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: 求 I don＆t want to fix it.﹛﹛We put up with it. Why can＆t you?′ The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a﹛﹛message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.﹛﹛When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend＆s unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says 求No!′ to a serials of charges like 求You＆re dumb,′ 求You＆re lazy,′ and 求You＆re dishonest,′ may also say 求No!′ and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is 求And you＆re good looking.′﹛﹛We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, 求If sure has been nice to have you over,′ can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.﹛﹛1.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if ___.﹛﹛A.they use proper words to carry their ideas.﹛﹛B.they both speak truly of their own feelings.﹛﹛C.they try to understand each other＆s ideas beyond words.﹛﹛D.they are capable of associating meaning with their words.﹛﹛2.求I＆m letting off some steam′ in paragraph 1 means___.﹛﹛A.I＆m just calling your attention.﹛﹛B.I＆m just kidding.﹛﹛C.I＆m just saying the opposite.﹛﹛D.I＆m just giving off some sound.﹛﹛3.The house-owner＆s example shows that he actually means___.﹛﹛A.the step has been like that for years.﹛﹛B.he doesn＆t think it necessary to fix the step.﹛﹛C.the condition of the step is only a minor fault.﹛﹛D.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.﹛﹛4.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if___.﹛﹛A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.﹛﹛B.seen as one＆s habitual pattern of behavior.﹛﹛C.taken as part of an ordering sequence.﹛﹛D.expressed to a series of charges.﹛﹛5.The word 求ritualistically′ in the last paragraph equals something done___. ﹛﹛A.without true intention.﹛﹛B.light-heartedly.﹛﹛C.in a way of ceremony.﹛﹛D.with less emphasis.﹛﹛湘偶ㄩDBABC﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛﹛。
英语六级英译汉练习(十二).doc
2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（十二）2018年12月英语六级英译汉练习（十二）他给的理由不够充分。
The reason (that /which) he had given was not sound enough.我刚到西安的那年遇到了他。
I met him in the year when I was first in Xian.那就是那天上午他没来的原因。
That is the reason why he did not come that morning.任何碰这根电线的人将受到电击。
Anyone who/that touches the wire will get an electric shock.她要什么我就给她什么。
I would give her anything that she asked for.第一个开门的人将被吓一跳。
The first person who/that opens the door will get a shock.任何人在下两周内定做套装都将享受优惠价格。
There will be a special price for anybody who orders a suit in the next two weeks.那些明年出国受训的人员，将从明天开始学习外语。
Those who will go abroad for training next year will start learning English tomorrow.爱迪生是曾经有过的最伟大的发明家之一。
Edison was one of the greatest inventors that ever lived.这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。
This is the best film that Ive ever seen.她是曾经有过的最伟大的女人。
She was the greatest woman that/who has ever lived. 他是我们在那个村子里看到的第一个人。
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2018年12月大学英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神2018年12月大学英语六级翻译练习题库
英语六级翻译练习题：契约精神
中国的儒家文化也强调守信，“信”甚至被作为“五常”中的重
要内容确定下来。
在我们的传统文化背景中，人与人之间的信任主要
靠靠血缘、姻缘、地缘、人缘，而不是靠规则，靠契约。
近几十年来，雷霆万钧的市场化改革有力地推动了中国的社会转型，动摇了长期以
来形成的血缘、地缘与业缘关系，冲击了传统的熟人社会网络关系和
熟人信任。
市场经济的发展促使陌生人之间的信任逐渐增加，按规则
办事成为越来越多的中国人的行为习惯。
在经济全球化的背景下，中
国人只有遵守规则，才能尽快地融入国际社会。
抛弃契约精神耍弄小
聪明的人，无视契约精神把小聪明用的极好的民族，最终将丧失获取
大智慧的机会。
在现代化的洪流中，中国不仅需要更多的资金、技术
和科学管理，更需要契约精神。
参考译文：
Chinese Confucian culture also values fidelity, which even has been fixed as a key point in “Five Constant
Virtues(benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity).In our traditional culture background, the interpersonal trust is mainly relied on consanguinity, marriage affinity, geographical and personal ties rather than on rules and contracts. In recent decades, the market-
oriented reform pushes the transition of Chinese society with the force of a thunderbolt, shaking the long-established blood, geographic and working relationship and impacting the traditional acquaintances social networks and the trust between acquaintances. The development of market economy promotes the increasing trust between strangers, forming
gradually the practices of more and more people acting in accordance with rules. Under the globalization of world economy, only obeying the rules can Chinese enter into international society as soon as possible. Those who want to live by their wits regardless of the contract spirit or that kind of people will lose the opportunity of achieving great wisdom. In the torrent of modernization, China needs not only more capital, technology and scientific administration, but also the contract spirit.
2018年12月大学英语六级翻译练习题库。