大学英语4级翻译练习(真题集合)

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surnames of Chinese people can be one-character surnames or compound surnames made up of two or more characters. Contemporary Chinese use about 3,500 Chinese surnames. Among the 100 commonly used surnames, the three most common are Li, Wang and Zhang. In China, the surname comes first, and is followed by the given name, and the latter has its own traditions and features. It can have one or two characters. In the same clan, the given name is often arranged in the order of seniority in the family hierarchy. And the given names of the peers usually have one Chinese character in common if there are more than one character in their given names.

The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen. After hundreds of years’ continuous improvement, it has become a kind of elegant and colorful art and craft. In ancient times, it was used to record events, but now it is used mainly for decorative purposes. Knot, pronounced “jie” in Chinese, means love, marriage and reunion. The Chinese knot is used as gifts to exchange or as decorations to pray for good luck and ward off evil spirits. This form of handicraft has been passed down from generation to generation, and has become increasingly popular in China and around the world.

中国是一个农业大国，同时也是世界上农业发展历史最悠久的国家之一。 水稻等农作物都起源于中国。中国政府十分重视农业生产，不断加大农业 投入，积极进行农田水利基本建设，从而提高了农业生产的现代化水平， 使农业取得了辉煌的成就。最突出的表现是：中国依靠占世界不足7%的 耕地，养活了占世界22%的人口。

给红包(red packets)是过春节的一个传统，就是在一个红色的小信封里 装上钱，寓意幸运和财富。红色是幸运色，能给收到红包的人带来好运。 红包一般是父母给儿女，爷爷奶奶给孙儿孙女，或者亲戚朋友给小孩子 的，一般说来，都是除夕夜给的。这笔钱也称作是压岁钱，代表长辈对 晚辈的美好祝福，希望小孩在新的一年里平安、健康。大年初一串亲戚 朋友，也要给孩子送礼物和红包。
people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredients vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is always trying to seek balance among cereals, meat and vegetables, thus making Chinese food tasty as well as healthy.
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China is a big agricultural country. It is also one of the countries with the longest history of agricultural development in the world. Crops like rice originated from China. The Chinese government attaches great significance to agriculture. It constantly increases investment in agriculture by actively building farmland irrigation and water conservation infrastructure. These efforts have led to China’s improvement of agricultural modernization and great accomplishments in agriculture. This is particularly shown by the fact that China has managed to feed 22% of the world population with less than 7% of the world’s cultivated land.

“你要茶还是要咖啡？”是用餐人常被问到的问题。许多西方人会选咖 啡，而中国人则会选茶。相传，中国的一位帝王于五千多年前发现了茶， 并用来治病。在明清(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国。 饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到十七、十八世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶 是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。茶是中国的民族饮品，也是中 国传统和文化的重要组成部分。

中国结(the Chinese knot)最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的 改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录 事件，但现在主要用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情、婚姻 和团聚。中国结常作为礼物交换或用作饰品祈求好运和避邪。这种形式 的手工艺(handicraft)代代相传，现在已经在中国和世界各地越来越受欢 迎。

中国人的姓(surname)有一个字的单姓，也有两个字或两个字以上的复姓。 当代中国人正在使用的汉姓约有3,500个。在其中100个常见姓氏中，最大 的三个姓氏是李、王、张。在中国，姓在前，名在后。中国人的名也具有 自己的传统和特点。名有一个字的，也有两个字的。同一个家族(clan)中名 字常要按辈份排列。同辈的名字(如果是两个字)里往往有一个字相同。

Giving red packets during the Spring Festival is a tradition. A red packet is simply a red envelop with money in it, which symbolizes luck and wealth. Red is the lucky color and will bring good luck to the person receiving the present. Red packets are usually handed out to younger generations by their parents, grandparents, relatives, close neighbors and friends, and are usually given to children on New Year’s Eve. The money is also called gift money, which is symbol of good wishes from the elders in the hope that children are safe and healthy in the new year. Starting from the second day, people begin to go out to visit friends and relatives, taking with them gifts and red packets for the children.

The Yellow River is over 5,400 km long and is the second longest river in China. Seen from the map, the Yellow River lies in the shape of a huge “几”. The upper reaches of the Yellow River are the main producing area of wool, leather and other livestock products. The middle and lower reaches are one of the origins of China’s agriculture. The Yellow River is considered as the Mother River of the Chinese people. The drainage area of the Yellow River is honored as the cradle of the Chinese people and also one of the origins of world civilization. It is said that Huangdi, legendary ruler and ancestor of the Chinese nation, was born here. It is said man was made by Nv Wa (a legendary goddess) with the mud in the Yellow River.

“Tea or coffee? ” That’s a question often asked when people have a meal. Many westerners would choose coffee, while the Chinese would choose tea. Legend has it that tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and was used to cure diseases. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking was introduced to Japan in the 16th century, but it was not until the 17th or the 18th century that it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is not only the national beverage of China, but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.

许多人喜欢中餐。在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一 种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差 别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和 营养。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之 间取得平衡，所以中餐既美味又健康。
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黄河全长5,400多千米，是中国的第二长河。从地图上看，黄河的形状是 一个巨大的“几”字。黄河上游是中国羊毛、皮革和其他畜产品的主要产 地。中、下游是中国农业发源地之一。黄河是中华民族的母亲河。黄河流 域被称为中华民族的摇篮，也是世界文明的发祥地之一。相传中华民族的 始祖之一的黄帝就出生在这里。传说人就是天神女娲用黄河泥捏成的。