英语的各句子成分.ppt
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英语句子成分及五种基本句型ppt课件
基本句型1：主+谓
例句A 世界每天都在改变。 例句 B 她的舞跳得很好。
例句C 月亮升起了。
例句D 这支笔书写流利。
资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随 时间变 化而变 化的， 是时间 的函数 ，随时 间的推 移而增 值，其 增值的 这部分 资金就 是原有 资金的 时间价 值
系动词:be动词+其它含有特殊意义的动词
五种基本句型：
1 主+谓 2 主+系+表 3 主+谓+宾 4 主+谓+间宾+直宾 5 主+谓+宾+宾补
资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随 时间变 化而变 化的， 是时间 的函数 ，随时 间的推 移而增 值，其 增值的 这部分 资金就 是原有 资金的 时间价 值
什么是主语？
1）主语：是一个句子的老大。 是一句的主体，是在句中说明全句中心的部分。 常用名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当担任。一 般放于句首。如：
1. 每天大声的朗读（read aloud）是很重要的。 2. 跟你聊天真是一场噩梦(nightmare)。
资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随 时间变 化而变 化的， 是时间 的函数 ，随时 间的推 移而增 值，其 增值的 这部分 资金就 是原有 资金的 时间价 值
练习：句子结构分析
划分下列句子的成分，并指出它们分别属于哪种基本句型。 A mooncake is a delicious and round cake. There are many different kinds of mooncakes. It is a good habit to do morning exercises. It is difficult for him to give up smoking. Trees turn green in spring. He sat there quietly. The apples tasted sweet. The sun rises in the east.
例句A 世界每天都在改变。 例句 B 她的舞跳得很好。
例句C 月亮升起了。
例句D 这支笔书写流利。
资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随 时间变 化而变 化的， 是时间 的函数 ，随时 间的推 移而增 值，其 增值的 这部分 资金就 是原有 资金的 时间价 值
系动词:be动词+其它含有特殊意义的动词
五种基本句型：
1 主+谓 2 主+系+表 3 主+谓+宾 4 主+谓+间宾+直宾 5 主+谓+宾+宾补
资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随 时间变 化而变 化的， 是时间 的函数 ，随时 间的推 移而增 值，其 增值的 这部分 资金就 是原有 资金的 时间价 值
什么是主语？
1）主语：是一个句子的老大。 是一句的主体，是在句中说明全句中心的部分。 常用名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当担任。一 般放于句首。如：
1. 每天大声的朗读（read aloud）是很重要的。 2. 跟你聊天真是一场噩梦(nightmare)。
资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随 时间变 化而变 化的， 是时间 的函数 ，随时 间的推 移而增 值，其 增值的 这部分 资金就 是原有 资金的 时间价 值
练习：句子结构分析
划分下列句子的成分，并指出它们分别属于哪种基本句型。 A mooncake is a delicious and round cake. There are many different kinds of mooncakes. It is a good habit to do morning exercises. It is difficult for him to give up smoking. Trees turn green in spring. He sat there quietly. The apples tasted sweet. The sun rises in the east.
英语句子成分分析(共19张PPT)
定语后置：
如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。 而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置
The beautiful girl is his sister. The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now?
系动词
1）状态系动词（be动词） 例如： He is a teacher. （is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 3）表像系动词 seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
㈠主语（subject）
句子说明的人或事物
• • • • • • • Jane is good at playing the piano.（名词） She went out in a hurry. （代词） Four plus four is eight. （数词） To see is to believe. （不定式） Smoking is bad for health. （动名词） The young should respect the old. （名词化的形容词） What he has said is true.（句子）
找出句中主语
The sun rises in the east. （名词） Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词） The poor are now living in the shelter. (名词化的形容词） Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） He likes dancing. （代词） What he needs is a book. （句子） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
英语句子成分及结构解析ppt课件
give 给
tell 告诉 bring 带来 send 寄，送
hand 交给 read 读 pass 递给 lend 借给 return 把……还给…… throw 扔……给……
leave 留给 promise 许诺，答应 refuse 拒绝
②后面加for的动词：
get 得到 make 制造，做 buy 买 do 做
object)与间接宾语(indirect object)。直接宾语一般指动作的 承受者，间接宾语指动作所向的或所为的人和物（多指 人），具有这种双宾语的及物动词叫做与格动词(dative verb), 常用的有：answer, bring, buy, do, find, get, give, hand, keep, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, promise, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take 等，间接宾 语一般须与直接宾语连用，通常放在直接宾语之前。如： I have found him a place. 我给他找到了一个职位。
注意：下列动词在表示状态的存在和变化时， 也可以作连系动词使用 ：
look 看起来； smell 闻起来；sound 听起来； taste 尝起来； feel 感觉； keep 保持； grow/go/get/turn变得。
4 第四种句型：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直 接宾语(S+V+InO+DO) (1)宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语 是及物动词的直接对象，但某些动词，除 直接宾 语外，还要求一个间接宾语，以表
(2).可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、 不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等
《英语的句子成分》课件
状语要素：时间、地点、方式、目的、条 件、程度
时间
地点
方式
说明动作发生的时间或持续多久。 描述动作发生的特定地点或范围。 表明动作发生的方式或方法。
目的
解释动作发生的原因或目标。
条件
说明动作发生的条件或前提。
程度
表示动作或状态的程度或强度。
例句示例
1
主题
My dog
谓语
2
likes to chase squirrels
运用句子构成要素写出更好的句子
1 清晰度
通过使用具体而详细的构成要素，使句子更清晰易懂。
2 强调
通过精确选择构成要素来强调句子中的重要信息。
3 表达能力
通过调整句子构成要素，准确表达想法和意图。
练习识别句子构成要素
尝试识别以下句子中的主题、谓语、宾语、补语和状语： He is a talented musician who plays the piano beautifully every evening. I gave my best friend a surprise gift on her birthday. Her dream is to travel around the world someday.
宾语要素：直接宾语、间接宾语
1 直接宾语
接受行为动词的动作或影响。
2 间接宾语
接受由行为动词传递给其他人或事物的东西。
补语要素：谓语性名词、谓语性形容词、 宾语补语
1
谓语性名词
补充主题或宾语信息，跟谓语形成逻辑上的平衡。
2
谓语性形容词
描述主题或宾语的性质或状态。
3
宾语补语
完善宾语的意义，通常跟及物动词搭配使用。
英语句子成分图(课堂PPT)
句中被省略的成分，虽然未说出来，却在句中表示 一定的意思：
（You） Come here． （I wish you）Good luck！ Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten
eggs． He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
salary.
18
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
9
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的
词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词。
另一类连接成分是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于
另一个句子（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从
属连词主要用于引导各种从句。
一个完整的句子（主句或从句）必须包含2个到4个基本成 分，此外，如果意思上有需要，还可包含一个或更多其他 的句子成分。
句 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.
用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
（You） Come here． （I wish you）Good luck！ Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten
eggs． He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
salary.
18
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
9
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的
词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词。
另一类连接成分是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于
另一个句子（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从
属连词主要用于引导各种从句。
一个完整的句子（主句或从句）必须包含2个到4个基本成 分，此外，如果意思上有需要，还可包含一个或更多其他 的句子成分。
句 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.
用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
句子成分(35张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
介词短语作 The boy under the tree is John. 树下的那个男孩
定语
是约翰。
成分
用法
例句
副词作定语
She met me on her way home. 她在回家的路上 遇到了我。
定语
动词不定 式作定语
He has a lot of work to do today. 今天他有大量 的工作要做。
句子成分
初中英语专项复习课件
构成篇章的基本单位是句子，组成句子的各个部 分叫作句子成分。句子成分都是由单词、短语或从 句充当的。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、宾语、表 语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语等。句子成 分的考查体现出了多样性，单项选择、翻译和书面 表达等题型都会有所涉及。在学习过程中，正确分 析单词、短语或从句所充当的句子成分是很重要的。
成分 用法
例句
动词不定 To hesitate means failure. 犹豫不决意味着失败。
式作主语
It's my honor to make a speech here. 在这里发言是我的荣幸。
主语
动名词 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
作主语
Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
成分 用法
例句
代词作定语
Open your mouth and put out your tongue. 张开嘴，伸出舌头。
定语
数词作定语
She spent seven days on the beach. 她在海滩上度 过了七天。
名词作定语 This is a stone table. 这是一张石桌。
英语语法句子成分分析PPT课件
写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
11
谢谢聆听
·学习就是为了达到一定目的而努力去干, 是为一个目标去 战胜各种困难的过程,这个过程会充满压力、痛苦和挫折
Learning Is To Achieve A Certain Goal And Work Hard, Is A Process To Overcome Various Difficulties For A Goal
句子结构
语主法语
谓语 宾语 定语 状语 宾语补语 表语
句子结构
语法
状语， ∧ 主语 + ∧ 谓语 + ∧宾语 + ∧宾语补语
①
②
③
④
⑤
句子
句子
分词
名词短语
①
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
②
形容词
动名词
不定式(仅限几种/句末)
不定式
句子结构
语法
状语， ∧ 主语 + ∧ 谓语 + ∧宾语 + ∧宾语补语
①
②
③
④
⑤
句子
⑦
副词
形容词/名词短语(名词前)
动名词(名词前)
句子结构
状语语法， ∧ 主语
① ⑥②
+ ∧ 谓语 + ∧宾语 + ∧宾语补语
⑦③
⑧④
⑨⑤
⑧：定语(宾语为名词短语)
句子(名词后)
分词(名词前/后)
⑧
不定式(名词后)
形容词/名词短语(名词前)
动名词(名词前)
句子结构
状语语法， ∧ 主语
英语句子成分详细讲解课件(共34张)
on the left. • ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school. • ⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
• (四) 挑出下列句中的表语
• ① The old man was feeling very tired. • ② Why is he worried about Jim? • ③ The leaves have turned yellow. • ④ Soon They all became interested in the
花了很长时间他才熟悉通往鸟巢形的体育馆的路。
It took him quite a little time to get familiar with the routes l_e_a_d_in_g_ to the nest-shaped stadium.
定语
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • They are building a stone bridge. (名词) • There are 54 students in our class. (数词) • Do you known Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词) • I met a friend on my way home. (副词)
那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了．
• (四) 挑出下列句中的表语
• ① The old man was feeling very tired. • ② Why is he worried about Jim? • ③ The leaves have turned yellow. • ④ Soon They all became interested in the
花了很长时间他才熟悉通往鸟巢形的体育馆的路。
It took him quite a little time to get familiar with the routes l_e_a_d_in_g_ to the nest-shaped stadium.
定语
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • They are building a stone bridge. (名词) • There are 54 students in our class. (数词) • Do you known Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词) • I met a friend on my way home. (副词)
那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了．
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It smells good. She is a teacher.
英语的 8 大句子成分
主语：subject 谓语：predicate 宾语：object
direct object (直接宾语) indirect object (间接宾语）
定语：attributive 状语：adverbial 补语：object complement 表语：predicative 同位语：appositive
The rumor proved false. The search proved difficult. His plan turned out a success.
同位语
appositive
Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother’s. He told me that his brother John was a worldfamous doctor. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.
The sun gives us light and warmth.
间接宾语
直接宾语
表语
predicative
定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。
一、状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。
He is a teacher. These desks are yellow. I am all right. We are happy now.
二、持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, stand。
He always kept silent at meeting. This matter remains a mystery. I can't stay awake any longer. The house stands empty for a long time.
五、不定式定语
The boy to write this letter needs a pen. There is nothing to do today. He is the best man to do the job.
六、分词定语 • The smiling boy needs the pen bought by his
三、名词定语
The boy needs a ball pen. The woman doctor is my mother.
四、副词定语
The boy there needs a pen. The best boy here is Tom. Read the paragraph below. We had to get off and take the b表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。
He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad.
四、感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。
This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.
定语
attributive
一、介词短语定语
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. The boy in blue is Tom. There are two boys of 9, and three of 10.
二、形容词定语
所有的形容词，只要后面加名词，都是定语。 She is a beautiful girl. You are all hard-working students.
五、变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。
He became mad after that. She grew rich within a short time.
六、终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证 实”“变成”之意。
英语句子成分
Office of WPS
Professor Laura Amrkhoul,2012
英语的 5 种基本句型
主语+谓语+宾语
一、主语+谓语 二、主语+谓语+宾语 三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
I give him a book. 四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
I want you to go with me. 五、主语+系动词+表语
mother. • We must adapt our thinking to the changed
conditions. • They built a highway leading into the
mountains. • The swimming pool is over there.
七、定语从句 • I like the book that / which Tom is reading. • Henry is the boy who / that is reading a book. • We are helping the man whose car had broken down. • He is the man whom / that I saw yesterday. • I used to play with him in the years when I lived in
主语、谓语、宾语
subject
predicate
object
direct object (直接宾语) indirect object (间接宾语）
主语
谓语 宾语
The pretty girl sings songs on the stage
every Sunday.
Mum bought my sister a present. 间接宾语 直接宾语
英语的 8 大句子成分
主语：subject 谓语：predicate 宾语：object
direct object (直接宾语) indirect object (间接宾语）
定语：attributive 状语：adverbial 补语：object complement 表语：predicative 同位语：appositive
The rumor proved false. The search proved difficult. His plan turned out a success.
同位语
appositive
Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother’s. He told me that his brother John was a worldfamous doctor. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.
The sun gives us light and warmth.
间接宾语
直接宾语
表语
predicative
定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。
一、状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。
He is a teacher. These desks are yellow. I am all right. We are happy now.
二、持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, stand。
He always kept silent at meeting. This matter remains a mystery. I can't stay awake any longer. The house stands empty for a long time.
五、不定式定语
The boy to write this letter needs a pen. There is nothing to do today. He is the best man to do the job.
六、分词定语 • The smiling boy needs the pen bought by his
三、名词定语
The boy needs a ball pen. The woman doctor is my mother.
四、副词定语
The boy there needs a pen. The best boy here is Tom. Read the paragraph below. We had to get off and take the b表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。
He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad.
四、感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。
This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.
定语
attributive
一、介词短语定语
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. The boy in blue is Tom. There are two boys of 9, and three of 10.
二、形容词定语
所有的形容词，只要后面加名词，都是定语。 She is a beautiful girl. You are all hard-working students.
五、变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。
He became mad after that. She grew rich within a short time.
六、终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证 实”“变成”之意。
英语句子成分
Office of WPS
Professor Laura Amrkhoul,2012
英语的 5 种基本句型
主语+谓语+宾语
一、主语+谓语 二、主语+谓语+宾语 三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
I give him a book. 四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
I want you to go with me. 五、主语+系动词+表语
mother. • We must adapt our thinking to the changed
conditions. • They built a highway leading into the
mountains. • The swimming pool is over there.
七、定语从句 • I like the book that / which Tom is reading. • Henry is the boy who / that is reading a book. • We are helping the man whose car had broken down. • He is the man whom / that I saw yesterday. • I used to play with him in the years when I lived in
主语、谓语、宾语
subject
predicate
object
direct object (直接宾语) indirect object (间接宾语）
主语
谓语 宾语
The pretty girl sings songs on the stage
every Sunday.
Mum bought my sister a present. 间接宾语 直接宾语