江苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年第一学期八年级期末考试卷
江苏省常州市教育学会-学年第一学期期末试卷 八年级英语（含答案）
2019-2020学年江苏省常州市教育学会八年级（上）期末英语试卷一、单项选择1．The sentence structure of"He painted the wall white．" is_________．（）A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC2．If you want to join the Singing Club，you should fill in the_________form．Everyone is welcome!（）A．application B．instructionC．competition D．action3．The bus_________on the half way and I had to wait for ten minutes．（）A．put down B．broke downC．looked down D．fell down4．﹣How many cranes did you see on the lake last Sunday？﹣______．They all flew south for the winter．（）A．Nothing B．Nobody C．No one D．None5．﹣The trees in the garden are really short．﹣Don't worry．______time goes by，they are sure to grow taller．（）A．Before B．Because C．While D．As6．﹣Is Lucy in the classroom now？﹣I'm not sure．She_______not be there．I saw her in the library ten minutes ago．（）A．may B．must C．shall D．would7．I thought Linda was an honest girl，but______，she often tells lies．（）A．as a result B．in factC．for example D．as usual8．Tom reads_______books and plays______computer games than he did last year．So he is becoming better and better in his study．（）A．fewer；more B．fewer；lessC．more；fewer D．more；less9．The room was untidy，so Lucy______a space on the sofa for her father to sit down．（）A．cleared B．took C．raised D．kept10．﹣I'm afraid I can't take part in your activity because I am too busy．﹣______．We won't have great fun without you．（）A．No way B．No problemC．It's a pity D．Never mind完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．11．When I was nine years old，I loved to go fishing with my dad．My father could catch many fish while I caught （1）．I usually got very sad and（2）asking him why．He always answered，"Son，if you want to catch a fish，you have to（3）like a fish．" "But I am not a fish，"I said，"and I don'tknow what fish like．"As I got a little older，I began to understand what my father really（4）．So I read some books on fish and I even joined a local（5）Club and started attending the monthly meeting to know more about it．I learned that fish are cold﹣blooded（冷血的）animals and water（6）is very important to them．That's why fish like shallow（浅的）water better than（7）water because shallow water is warmer．（8），water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade．Also，fish don't have any eyelids（眼皮）and the sun hurts their eyes …The more I understand fish，the better I am at finding and （9）them．When I grow up，I go into the business world．It is not an easy job to sell things to others，but I do it well because I have the secret﹣that is to think more like（10）．I have learned this lesson from fishing．（1）A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something（2）A．kept B．stopped C．forgot D．enjoyed（3）A．swim B．act C．live D．think（4）A．needed B．meant C．planned D．failed（5）A．Reading B．Fishing C．Swimming D．Singing（6）A．colour B．quality C．temperature D．body（7）A．deep B．clear C．dirty D．fresh（8）A．Moreover B．However C．Instead D．Otherwise（9）A．saving B．catching C．feeding D．cooking（10）A．workers B．makers C．sellers D．buyers阅读理解阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．12．The sun came out and so did we．It was me and my two little sisters．We played around，seeing a bee．Three sisters now have blisters（汗珠）．Tomorrow is another day．We'll make some lemonade．When the sun comes out，we will，too．And we'll drink it in the shade．The grass is green．The flowers bloom（开花）．The sky is filled with blue．It's summertime and that is whenwe all go to the zoo．We see a bear and monkey there，and then a dancing goat．But the thing I will remember﹣the goat in a small boat．（1）From the poem ，we can learn that the writer is．A．sad B．angry C．ill D．happy（2）The writer may be．A．a young boy B．an old man C．a young girl D．an old woman（3）The word "lemonade" rhymes with．A．blue B．zoo C．shade D．goat13．Last week，Class 1 went on a trip to London Zoo．They had a wild day out! Almost all the students found their favourite animals．The trip also gave Class 1 something else to talk about．They argued（争论）about whether（是否）zoos are cruel（残酷的）．The zoo animals are from all around the world．How can they all be comfortable？Lucy，one of our reporters，was with Class 1 students and she interviewed Tom．Lucy：What 's your favorite animal，Tom？Tom：Giraffes．Lucy：Why？Tom：They look so strange! They have such long，long necks! And they have really long legs，too．Lucy：They do look strange．How tall do they grow？Tom：About 18 feet tall．They can run fast too，because their legs are so long．They can run up to35 miles an hour．Lucy：That 's pretty fast! They must eat a lot to be able to run that fast．Do they eat a lot of meat？Tom：No，they don't eat any meat．They eat leaves．That's the only thing they eat．Lucy：Do giraffes live all over the world，too？Tom：No，they don't．They live only in Africa．Lucy：But Africa is a lot hotter than Europe! Don't you think it's cruel to bring giraffes over from Africa to Europe？Don't you think it's cruel to keep them in the zoo？Tom：Well，I enjoyed seeing them today．But in Africa they would have miles and miles of grassland to live on and here they only have the giraffe houses．I'm sure the zoo looks after them very well．But I don't think they should be in zoos．（1）What does the underlined word "interviewed" in Line 5 mean？A．面试B．会见C．采访D．回答（2）What can we learn about giraffes according to（根据）the passage（文章）？A．Giraffes look strange as they have long necks and short legs．B．Giraffes can run fast because they eat different kinds of food．C．Giraffes live in the wild all over the world and enjoy grassland．D．Giraffes in London Zoo can only live in the giraffe houses．（3）Which of the following opinions（观点）may Tom agree with？A．It's good to keep animals in the zoo because children enjoy seeing them there．B．It's good to keep animals in the zoo because the zoo looks after them well．C．It's cruel to keep animals in the zoo because animals need to live in the wild freely．D．It's cruel to keep animals in the zoo because they don't have enough to eat there．14．The Southern California （加利福尼亚州）wildfire started on Tuesday morning．By the end of the day，it covered 47 square miles．The fire changed the life in the area，causing hour﹣long traffic jams，and making the people leave their homes．The fire travelled really fast．So the governor（州长）Jerry Brown acted quickly and sent a state of emergency（紧急情况）soon after the fire started．Usually the state of emergency comes much later，aftera fire has caused serious problems over several days．The government ordered the evacuation（疏散）of 34，000 homes and 87，000 people．When one family failed to move away，firefighters went to protect their home．Six of the firefighters were once trapped by the fire．"We just sat there and waited for the fire to blow over，"firefighter Cody Anderson says．The Southern California fire wasn't the only one burning in the state．The Clayton fire in Northern California，burned more than 175 buildings by the end of last week．Now，the firefighters have put out 40% of the fire and some evacuated people are able to return to their homes．But firefighters will have to go on fighting the fire，because many buildings are sill in danger．Good news is that on Tuesday afternoon the police said they caught the man who set the fire．He was Dam in Anthony Pashilk，a 40﹣year﹣old worker．The police believe he set fire in the state many times，including the Clayton fire．Wednesday's weather will make fighting the Southern California fire difficult．Hot，dry conditions（条件）and strong wind may make the work even harder．（1）What can we learn about the Southern California wildfire from the passage？A．The governor sent the state of emergency later than usual．B．The fire travelled fast and caused a lot of serious problems．C．Most families didn't move and got trapped in the fireD．Six firefighters lost their lives when putting out the fire．（2）The Southern California wildfire happened because of．A．an emergency B．a worker C．the hot weather D．the dry conditions（3）What's the best title for the passage？A．Wildfires and Hot Weather B．Wildfires and FirefightersC．Wildfires Burn Everything D．Wildfires Go across California（4）The article is most probably（可能地）from．A．a firefighter's diary B．a story book C．a newspaper D．a fashion magazine阅读表达阅读下面短文，在表格内的空白处填入合适的答案．每空限填一词．答案写在答题纸上．15．What can you do to help people or animals in need？The answer is﹣to be a volunteer．Helping yourself by helping othersV olunteering not only helps others but also helps yourself．If you're sad about something that happens，like an earthquake or a flood，doing something to help others can be a great way to make you feel better．It feels good to be able to help．Because of your help，some kids have warm hats，gloves and boots．Doing voluntary work means one very important thing﹣you make a difference to the world．Getting startedSchool is a good place to start．You can ask a teacher what you should do to be a volunteer．Some places want volunteers who are twelve or even older．Often，kids start volunteering by working with their parents．You might be too young to get food ready at a kitchen．But when your parents give you a helping hand，you might be able to go along．Things to do with parents or family membersV olunteering is a great way to have fun with your family．Here are some ideas for things you can do as a family：Clean up a park，a school or other public places．Offer food to people without homes．Coming up with your own waysYou can try to find your own ways to raise money．For example，you can make and sell things and donate the money to charity．V olunteering can also help kids learn something about themselves．They will learn about what kinds of things they can do and what they are interested in．So what are you waiting for？Make a plan to start volunteering today．Being a volunteerHelping yourself by helping others ●When disasters （1）helping others can help you have a better feeling．●Doing voluntary work makes a difference to the world．Getting started●At school，you may ask your （2）for some tips on how you canbe a volunteer．●With your parents' （3）you may start your work．Working with your family●You can do something as a family．For example，you can clean uppublic places or （4）food for homeless people．Coming up with your own ways●You can find your own ways when helping others．●V olunteering also helps kids learn about their（5）and interests．第二卷词汇运用（A）根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词．16．You are nearly the same（high）as your mother! How fast you are growing!17．The boys all think it（excite）to have a basketball match．18．Simon felt（sleep）after he heard the soft music on the warm afternoon．19．People living in this hotel are（main）from foreign countries．20．Hainan is full of（tour）in winter because of the warm weather．根据句意及所给汉语提示完成单词拼写，每空一词．21．You'd better open the door since there is an（糟糕的）smell of paint．22．Li Lei pointed to the（方向）of the smoke and shouted "Fire! Fire!"23．Watch out! There is a（突然的）turn on the road．用所给动词的适当形式填空24．（record）what the teachers say，we'd better take notes carefully in class．25．﹣When farmers（harvest）the crops？﹣Next October．I think we can come to help them．26．The temperature（drop）a lot yesterday，so we felt terribly cold．27．My mother（mop）the floor when I arrived home yesterday．28．You should spend at least 5 minutes（tidy）up your bedroom every day．29．The woman decided（not prevent）her son playing music．根据所给中文完成句子翻译30．如果你被困住，你最好尽快找到出路．if you are trapped．31．这场洪水冲走了成千上万的房子．The flood．32．起初，我一点儿不怜悯这些动物．I in the beginning．33．当房子坍塌时，孩子们正在外面堆雪人．The children outside when the house．34．过多的家庭作业导致学生越来越少的睡眠．Too much homework for students．35．当公交车到站时，我们迫不及待地下了车．We when the bus arrived at the stop．书面表达36．假设你即将参加英语演讲比赛，请以Protecting Nature为题，根据提示，写篇英语演讲呼吁大家为保护自然一起努力．当前问题1、砍伐树木，引发更多自然灾害；2、占用湿地，导致生物失去家园；3、……你的呼吁……（至少两点举措）要求：1．内容涵盖所有要点，并适当发挥；2．表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；3．词数不少于80，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．参考词汇：cut down砍伐Protecting NatureGood afternoon，boys and girls !Today I will give a speech titled Protecting Nature．____________________________________．If everyone does something to protect nature，we will live a happier life．2019-2020学年江苏省常州市教育学会八年级（上）期末英语试卷参考答案一、单项选择1．D；2．A；3．B；4．D；5．D；6．A；7．B；8．C；9．A；10．C；完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．11．C；A；D；B；B；C；A；A；B；D；阅读理解阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．12．D；C；C；13．C；D；C；14．B；B；D；C；阅读表达阅读下面短文，在表格内的空白处填入合适的答案．每空限填一词．答案写在答题纸上．15．happen；teacher（s）；help/support；provide；abilities；第二卷词汇运用（A）根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词．16．height；17．exciting；18．sleepy；19．mainly；20．tourists；根据句意及所给汉语提示完成单词拼写，每空一词．21．awful；22．direction；23．sudden；用所给动词的适当形式填空24．To record；25．will；harvest；26．dropped；27．was mopping；28．tidying；29．not to prevent；根据所给中文完成句子翻译30．You'd better find your way out as soon as possible；31．washed away thousands of houses；32．didn't have pity on these animals at all；33．were making a snowman；fell down；34．leads to less and less sleep；35．couldn't wait to get off it；书面表达。
2019-2020学年江苏省常州市英语八年级(上)期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题
2019-2020学年江苏省常州市英语八年级(上)期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题一、选择题1．I can give you lots of on how to improve your speaking skills.A．advice B．way C．idea2．Will Jill play a part in ___________ the plan for English study？A.makeB.makesC.madeD.making3．— Could we see each other at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning?—Sorry, let’s make it ______ time.A．other’s B．the other C．another D．other4．Work hard, ________ you will make great program.A．and B．but C．or D．for5．（题文）It’s time for class. Please stop __________.A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talked6．（题文）— Will you visit Beijing next year?— _____. I will go to New York.A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, I will D．No, I won’t7．I don’t leave the classroom ______ Mr．Brown comes in．A．because B．that C．after D．until8．There is water here；but there are quite empty glasses．A．little；a few B．few； littleC．few； a few D．little； a little9．Tom is always ready ________ others.A.helpB.helpsC.to helpD.helping10．I think computers are very useful. They can help us get plenty of __________ on the Internet.A.gamermationC.ideaD.message11．—What do you think of this cartoon movie?—Oh，I can't ________ it.It's long and boring.A．mind B．lose C．stand D．hear12．— May I ask you some questions, Michael?— _______.A．It’s hard to say. B．Yes, I think so. C．Sure, go ahead.13．Mr. Wu asked us __________a pair of trainers, because we would have to walk a long way. A．sellB．to sellC．wearD．to wear14．--I’m afraid I can’t go to Dafeng to watc h Milu with you, Kate.--__________!But why?A．How happyB．What a pityC．What nice newsD．How lucky15．─The new movie was so __________. ─Yes. I felt __________ with it.A.boring；boringB.bored；boredC.boring；boredD.bored；boring16．It is the third ____________ city in this country.rgergerrgestD.the largest17．Li Yun's father kept on _____________ , although he was tired.A.worksB.workC.to workD.working18．Sally plans ___________ shopping with her friends tomorrow.A.to goB.goesC.goingD.go19．My friend Tina enjoys ________ to me. She's my good ________．A．listening; listener B．listening; listeningC．listen; listener D．to listen; listen20．There are many children in the park. Some are playing,some are boating,________ are singing.A.anotherB.otherC.the othersD.the other二、单词填空21．根据句意及汉语提示，填入恰当的单词。
解析版八年级江苏省常州市教育学会学业水平监测2019学年八年级第一学期期末考试历史试题(解析版)
常州市教育学会学业水平监测八年级历史2019年1月说明:考试形式为开卷考试,考试时间60分钟,满分100分1.《这才是晚清》中记述:“历史不因大清帝国的孤傲和拒绝改变进程,鸦片战争使中国遭遇千年未遇的大变局。
”“大变局”是指中国A.开始与外部世界有商品往来B.完全成为大英帝国的殖民地C.中国经济进入世界经济体系D.逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会【答案】D【解析】【详解】根据所学可知，鸦片战争改变了中国历史发展的进程，中国不再享有完整独立的主权，中国社会的自然经济遭到破坏，开始从封建社会逐步沦为半殖民地半封建社会。
鸦片战争成为中国近代史的开端，故D符合题意；清朝虽然采取闭关锁国的政策，但并不是完全与世界隔绝，所以鸦片战争之前,中国与外部世界已有商品往来，故A说法错误；鸦片战争使中国开始从封建社会逐步沦为半殖民地半封建社会，并不是完全成为大英帝国的殖民地，故B说法错误；2001年，中国加入世贸组织，标志着中国经济进入世界经济体系，故C说法错误。
故本题选D。
【点睛】解本题的关键是准确掌握鸦片战争的影响，注意其中的关键词“开始”“逐步沦为”。
2.《剑桥中国晚清史》记载,19世纪的最初十年,中国的国际收支结算大约盈余2600万元。
从1828-1836年,却从中国流出了3800万元。
使中国国际收支逆转的主要原因是A.中外茶叶贸易B.英国对中国走私鸦片C.清政府闭关锁国D.自然经济遭到完全破坏【答案】B【解析】【详解】根据题干信息“19世纪的最初十年”，结合所学可知，鸦片战争爆发前，在中英的正当贸易中，中国处于明显的出超地位，为了改变这种不利局面，英国向中国大量走私鸦片，造成白银大量外流，使中国国际收支出现逆转。
故B符合题意；中外茶叶贸易属于正当贸易，在正当贸易中，中国是处于出超地位的，故排除A；在鸦片战争前，清政府一直实行闭关锁国政策，所以这不是使中国国际收支逆转的原因，故排除C；鸦片战争后，中国的自然经济才开始遭到破坏，故排除D。
江苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末语文试题(教师版)
常州市教育学会学业水平监测八年级语文2020年1月一、积累运用(共19分)1.给下列划线的字注音或根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
读朱自清笔下黑布大马guà( ),深青色棉袍,蹒跚( )走到铁道边的背影，我们读到了浓浓父爱;读茅盾笔下没有婆suō ( )姿态，没有屈曲盘旋的虬( )枝的白杨树,我们感受到质朴之美;读汪曾祺笔下昆明雨季里味极鲜yú( )的青头菌、牛肝菌，我们感受到了自然之美。
【答案】褂娑腴shān qiú【详解】马褂：是一种穿于袍服外的短衣，衣长至脐，袖仅遮肘，满语叫“鄂多赫”，因着之便于骑马而得名，亦称“短褂”或“马墩子”，流行于清代及民国时期。
婆娑：盘旋舞动的样子。
鲜腴：新鲜肥美。
虬（qiú）枝：盘屈的树枝。
蹒跚（shān）：一指腿脚不灵便，走路缓慢、摇摆的样子；二指行步缓慢，往来徘徊的样子；三指行步摇晃跌撞；四指舞步翩跹；五指旋行、徘徊。
2.按语气，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句，指出下列句子的类型。
(1)请把我的歌，带回你的家，请把我的微笑留下。
（）(2)如果能够对公共事业有所贡献，我就会认为自已是最幸福的人。
（）【答案】(1). (1)祈使句(2). (2)陈述句【详解】（1）结合句子里的两个“请”，以及句意是表示请求的，可以判断是表请求的祈使句。
（2）陈述句一般是描述一个事实的句子，或者或是表达观点的句子。
本句没有疑问词和问号，故不是疑问句；没有感叹号和感叹词，故不是感叹句；没有命令或者请求的词语，不是祈使句。
故可判断是陈述句。
3.请用-句话连贯简明地转述“积极废人”的内涵。
(限50字以内)积极废人是指这样一种人:他们有这样的通病，爱给自己立flag(意指公开树立的目标),心态积极向上，但想偷懒的念头太多，永远做不到，执行力太差，行动宛如废物。
他们往往会在间歇性享乐后恐慌，时常为自己的懒惰自责。
【答案】积极废人是爱给自己立flag,心态积极，但执行力差，会间歇性享乐后恐慌，自责的人。
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年八上英语期末检测试题
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年八上英语期末检测试题一、选择题1．Please tell me if you can come to the opening and reply ________ writing ________ my invitation ________ Friday.A.with；for；untilB.to；for；byC.in；to；byD.by；in；until2．I play basketball every day because I want to play as __________ as Yao Ming.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best3．Please ask your English teacher for help if you _________ the words.A．don't know B．won't know C．didn't know D．aren't knowing4．On March 14th, 2018, the greatest physicist Stephen Hawking_____peacefully at his home. We were all surprised at the news.A．dies B．died C．dead D．death5．—Must I hand in my homework now?— ________A．Yes, you need. B．No, you mustn't.C．Yes, you have. D．No, you needn't6．He was so ______ that he made some mistakes in the English exam.A.carelessB.carefulC.carelesslyD.carefully7．To show ______ we’re going to miss her, let’s have a party for her next Friday the28th!A.how muchB.how manyC.how oftenD.how soon8．-Can you go swimming with me next Sunday?-Sorry, next week is ____________ for me.A.freeB.goodC.enoughD.full9．（题文）-The old woman wants us ___________ her with the housework.-I think we should help her.A．help B．to help C．helps D．helping10．In the 1930s, Walt Disney made 87 cartoons________; he became________.A．successful; successful B．successfully; successfullyC．successful; successfully D．successfully; successful11．WOLF is to FLOW as 8526 is to_____________.A.2856B.6258C.5862D.568212．—You look so tired today. What happened，Jack?—I didn't go to bed ________ 12 o'clock last night because there was too much homework. A．until B．though C．after D．beside13．My father is very busy. He ________watches TV in the evening.A．always B．usually C．hardly ever D．often14．Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to ________ there are no mistakes.A.make sureB.find outC.think ofD.agree with15．She went to _________ university to study art last year. _________ university is really famous.A.an；TheB.a；TheC.the；AD.the；An二、单词填空16．根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
江苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年八年级(上)期末学业水平监测物理试题(解析版)
常州市教育学会学业水平监测八年级物理试卷一、单项选择题1.在试管中加入少量水，小华对试管口吹气，先轻轻吹、后用力吹，会发出不同的声音.下列对该实验的分析中，正确的是（）A. 声音是由于试管中空气柱振动引起的，声音的响度不同B. 声音是由于试管中空气柱振动引起的，声音的音调不同C. 声音是由于试管中水柱振动引起的，声音的响度不同长D. 声音是由于试管中水柱振动引起的，声音的音调不同【答案】A【解析】【详解】当用嘴向试管内吹气时，试管内的空气柱振动发声；轻轻吹和用力吹时，由于振动发声的空气柱的长度相同，所以声音的音调相同；之所以会发出不同的声音，是因为轻轻吹和用力吹时空气柱振动的幅度不同，即声音的响度不同；故选A。
2.超声手术刀是通过从不同角度向病变组织发射多束超声波，从而实现准确“烧死”病变细胞.手术过程中，与医生、护士之间的说话声相比，超声波具有的特点是（）A. 振动频率高，方向性好，能量集中B. 振动频率高，方向性差，能量分散C. 振动频率低，方向性好，能量集中D. 振动频率低，方向性差，能量分散【答案】A【解析】【详解】超声波具有声音的特点，可以传播信息和能量，另外还具有方向性好、穿透力强、能量集中等特点；超声波手术刀就是应用方向性好、穿透力强、能量集中的特点；此外，超声波的频率高于20000Hz，所以超声波还具有振动频率高的特点；故选A。
3.从波形上看，下列属于噪声波形图是（）A. B.C. D.【答案】D【解析】【详解】从物理学角度看，噪声是指嘈杂的、难听刺耳的，发声体做无规则振动发出的声音。
从选项中可以看出，只有D选项的波形无规则，所以它属于噪声；故选D。
-︒的正确读法是（）4.40C①零下40度①零下摄氏40度①负40摄氏度①零下40摄氏度A. ①①B. ①①C. ①①D. ①①【答案】D【解析】-︒读作：负40摄氏度或零下40摄氏度；故选D。
【详解】40C5.下列各现象中，能够说明液体的温度越高、蒸发得越快的是（）A. 同样擦在两只手上的酒精，用嘴吹其中一只手、这只手上的酒精干得快B. 喷洒在阳光下的水比放在屋内瓶中的水干得快C. 同样的酒精，倒在碟子里比装在瓶子里干得快D. 同样的容器装有等量的水放在同处，其中盛60①的水比30①的水干得快【答案】D【解析】【详解】要说明液体的温度越高、蒸发得越快，要在液体的种类、质量、液体的表面积以及液体表面积上方空气流速相同，但温度不同的情况下进行比较；所以“同样的容器装有等量的水放在同处，其中盛60℃的水比30℃的水干得快”能够说明液体的温度越高、蒸发得越快；故选D。
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年物理八年级上学期期末检测试题
2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末物理试卷（含答案）注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题1.制造飞机时，通常选用密度较小的铝合金。
飞机设计师为减轻某一型号的飞机重量，将一钢质零件改为铝制零件，使其质量减少了52kg,已知P钢=7.gxiO'kg/nf,P s=2.7X103kg/m3则所需铝的质量为A.20kgB.27kgC.54kgD.108kg2.小光同学打乒乓球时，不小心将球踩瘪了，但没有破裂。
对于球内的气体而言，没有发生变化的物理量是A.密度B.体积C.质量D.都发生了变化3.一只蜡烛位于凸透镜前，调节好透镜和光屏的位置后，在光屏上呈现缩小倒立的像，若保持凸透镜的位置不动，将蜡烛和光屏的位置对调一下，则在光屏上A.呈现放大倒立的像B.呈现缩小倒立的像C.呈现放大正立的像D.无法呈现清晰的像4.如图所示，烛焰在光屏上成清晰的像。
下列哪个光学器材的成像原理与其相同（）A.投影仪B.照相机C.放大镜D.近视眼镜5.-束光从空气斜射向水面。
如图所示能正确反映光的传播路径的是（）B.二6.某天中午时分太阳几乎直射高雄地区。
小明坐在自家汽车里，发现前面车辆后窗反射的阳光，无论两车距离如何，均有刺眼阳光直射入眼睛。
则前面车辆的后窗型式可能是图中的7.如图所示的图象中能反映晶体凝固特点的是8.假如15°C 空气中的声速变为500m/s,以下现象可能发生的是A.听到回声所需的时间更短了B. 打雷时先听到雷声再看到闪电C. 声音的传播速度将比光速快D. 宇航员在太空通过无线电进行交流9.如图所示的“复读鸡"是一款会说话的毛绒鸡，当你对着它讲话，它就会重复你的说话内容。
江苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年第一学期八年级期末考试卷(Word版含答案)
常州市教育学会学业水平监测八 年 级 数 学 2020年1月一、 选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）1.下列各数中,无理数是 ( ) A.0.121221222 B.227C.πD.4 2.在平面直角坐标系中，点(-1, 2)所在的象限是 ( ) A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限3.下列说法正确的是 ( ) A.两个等边三角形一定全等 B.形状相同的两个三角形全等 C.面积相等的两个三角形全等 D.全等三角形的面积一定相等4.用四舍五入法把3.7963精确到百分位得到的近似数是 ( ) A.3.79 B. 3.800 C. 3.8 D.3.805. 如图，若△ABC ≌ △ DEF, BC=6, EC=4,则CF 的长为 ( ) A.1 B.2 C.2.5 D.3（第5题） （ 第6题）6.如图，公路AC 、BC 互相垂直，公路AB 的中点M 与点C 被湖隔开，若测得AC= 10km, BC=24km,则M 、C 两点之间的距离为 ( )A.13kmB.12kmC.11kmD.10km7. 已知直线y=m x+3 (m≠0)经过点(1, 0) ,则关于x的不等式m x+3>0的解集是 ( )A.x＜1B.x＞1C.x＜3D.x＞38.近年来，人们对PM2.5 (空气中直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒)的关注日益密切.我市某天中PM2.5的值y1 (u g/m3) 随时间t (h)的变化如图所示，设y2表示0时到t时PM2.5的最大值与最小值的差，则y2与t的函数关系大致是 ( )二、填空题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）9.16的平方根是_______.10.点P(2, 3)到y轴的距离是___________.11.比较大小:5-3 _____ 0. ( 填“>”、“=”、“＜”）12.北京天安门雄伟壮丽，用数学的眼光看，天安门主视图是______图形.13.在平面直角坐标系中，函数y= k x+b的图象如图所示，则k*b__0 ( 填“>”、“=”或“<” ) .（第12题） （第13题） （第14题） 14. 如图，若BD 为等边△ABC 的一条中线，延长BC 至点E,使CE=CD=1, 连接DE ，则DE=_______.15. 如图的三角形纸片中，AB=6, AC=7, BC=5, 沿过点B 的直线折叠这个三角形，使点C 落在AB 边上的点E 处，折痕为BD,则△AED 的周长为_______.（第15题） （第16题）16. 如图，已知一次函数y=kx -b 与y=31x 的图像相交于点A(a,1)，则关于x 的方程b x k =-)31(的解x=_______.三、解答题（本大题共9小题，第17、18题每题4分，第19题6分，第20~23题每题8分，第24、25题每题11分，共68分）17.已知4x 2=81，求x 的值. 18.计算: ())5(2714.330--+-π219.已知:如图，AC=BD，∠CAB=∠DBA.求证:∠C=∠D.20.已知正比例函数的图像过点P （3，-3）.(1)求这个正比例函数的表达式;(2)已知点A (a2, -4)在这个正比例函数的图像上，求a的值.21.作图与探究:如图，△ABC中，AB=AC.(1)作图:①画线段BC的垂直平分线l，设l与BC边交于点H;②在射线HA上画点D,使AD=AB,连接BD. （不写作法，保留作图痕迹）(2)探究：∠D与∠C有怎样的数量关系？并证明你的结论.22. 把三根长为3cm、4cm和5cm的细木棒首尾相连，能搭成一个直角三角形.(1)如果把这三根细木棒的长度分别扩大为原来的a倍（a>1），那么所得的三根细木棒能不能搭成一个直角三角形，为什么？(2)如果把这三根细木棒的长度分别延长x cm （x>0），那么所得的三根细木棒还能搭成一个三角形吗？为什么？如果能，请判断这个三角形的形状（锐角三角形、直角三角形还是钝角三角形），并说明理由.23. (1) 观察被开方数a 的小数点与算术平方根a 的小数点的移动规律: a0.00010.01 1 100 10000 a0.01__x__1__y__100填空:x= _______ ， y=______. (2)根据你发现的规律填空:①已知2≈1.414，则200 =________，02.0=_______；②m = 0.274，记m 10000的整数部分为x,则31x=___________. 24.水果店张阿姨以每千克2元的价格购进某种水果若干千克，销售一部分后，根据市场行情降价销售，销售额y (元)与销售量x (千克)之间的关系如图所示.(1)情境中的变量有__________________.(2)求降价后销售额y (元)与销售量x (千克)之间的函数表达式;(3)当销售量为多少千克时，张阿姨销售此种水果的利润为150元?25.如图，对于平面直角坐标系x O y中的点A和点P，若将点P绕点A顺时针旋转90°后得到点Q，则称点Q为点P关于点A的“垂链点”.(1) △PAQ是__________三角形;(2)已知点A的坐标为（0, 0），点P关于点A的“垂链点”为点Q①若点P的坐标为（2, 0），则点Q的坐标为___________；②若点Q的坐标为（-2, 1），则点P的坐标为___________；(3)如图2, 已知点D的坐标为（3, 0），点C在直线y=2x上,若点C关于点D的“垂链点”在坐标轴上，试求点C的坐标.参考答案选择题CBDD BAAB填空题1.±42. 23.小于4.轴对称6.小于 6.√3 7.88.3`解答题17.±9/218.-719.证全等20.（1）y=-x（2）a=±221.（1）①垂直平分线正确②点D画对（2）∠C+2∠D=90°（其他形式也可得分）22.（1）能搭成直角三角形，通过勾股定理可证得。
常州市2019-2020学年第一学期八年级英语期末试题（含答案）
常州市2019-2020学年第⼀学期⼋年级英语期末试题（含答案）常州市教育学会学业⽔平监测⼋年级英语试卷2020.1 ⼀、听⼒(共20⼩题;每⼩题1分,满分20分)第-部分听对话回答问题本部分共有10道⼩题，每⼩题你将听到⼀段对话，每段对话听两遍。
在听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读题⽬;听完后，你仍有5秒钟的时间选择你认为最合适的答案。
1.What animal are they going to see?A B C2.Which sport does the boy plan to do?A B C3.Which country is Mike from?A B C4.How did Jim go to school today?A. B. C.5. What time will Mr. Wang leave for the theatre?A.At 6:45.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:15.6. Whose books are these?A. Kitty's.B. Daniel'sC. Mike's.7. Why does the girl feel worried?A. Because she is not as clever as her friends.B. Because she is not as pretty as her friends.C. Because she is not as slim as her friends,8. Where is Peter now?A. In the playground.B. At home.C. In the classroom.9. What is Daniel's favourite subject?A. English.B. Science.C. Maths.10. What does Simon mean?A. He liked the weather.B. He had a good time.C. He hated camping.第⼆部分听对话和短⽂回答问题你将听到⼀段对话和两篇短⽂，各听两遍。
江苏省常州市教育学会2020至2021学年八年级上学期期末语文试题
江苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、字词书写1．给下列划线的字注音或根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
读朱自清笔下黑布大马guà( ),深青色棉袍,蹒跚( )走到铁道边的背影，我们读到了浓浓父爱;读茅盾笔下没有婆suō ( )姿态，没有屈曲盘旋的虬( )枝的白杨树,我们感受到质朴之美;读汪曾祺笔下昆明雨季里味极鲜yú( )的青头菌、牛肝菌，我们感受到了自然之美。
二、基础知识综合2．按语气，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句，指出下列句子的类型。
(1)请把我的歌，带回你的家，请把我的微笑留下。
（_______）(2)如果能够对公共事业有所贡献，我就会认为自已是最幸福的人。
（_______）三、综合性学习3．请用-句话连贯简明地转述“积极废人”的内涵。
(限50字以内)积极废人是指这样一种人:他们有这样的通病，爱给自己立flag(意指公开树立的目标),心态积极向上，但想偷懒的念头太多，永远做不到，执行力太差，行动宛如废物。
他们往往会在间歇性享乐后恐慌，时常为自己的懒惰自责。
4．请根据我国传统节日的特点，在横线上续写两个句子。
好传统我们代代传承。
春节，我们贴福舞狮共贺新禧；清明，我们踏青祭祖缅怀先人；，；，；重阳，我们登高祈福长寿延年。
四、选择题5．下列各句中，词语运用不恰当的一句是（）A．我最近非常担忧，令媛成绩退步厉害，我想请您赐教。
B．推开门，那种叫作“理解”的东西，如圣灵一般翩然而至。
C．那声音是轻柔、甜美、透明的，仿佛悄悄滑过钢琴的琴键，从肖邦手下流出。
D．欢迎来到青果巷，我是这里的解说员，我将竭诚为您服务!五、句子默写6．默写。
(1)______________________，恨别鸟惊心。
(2) 角声满天秋色里_____________________。
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年物理八上期末模拟试卷(1)
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年物理八上期末模拟试卷(1)一、选择题1．两个足够高底面积不同的圆柱形容器中分别盛有质量相等的甲、乙两种不同液体，如图所示（S甲＞S）。
若在两容器中分别注入相等高度的甲、乙两种液体后，则以下关于液体的密度ρ甲、ρ乙及此时液乙体对容器底部压强p甲、p乙的判断正确的是A．ρ甲＞ρ乙，p甲＞p乙B．ρ甲＞ρ乙，p甲＜p乙C．ρ甲＜ρ乙，p甲＞p乙D．ρ甲＜ρ乙，p甲＜p乙2．“全碳气凝胶”是我国科学家研制的迄今为止密度最小的材料，密度只有3kg/m3．某型号汽车发动机采用质量为120kg、密度为6×103kg/m3的高强度合金材料制造，若采用“全碳气凝胶”制造，需要“全碳气凝胶”的质量为A．6g B．60g C．600g D．6000g3．将凸透镜正对太阳光，其下方的纸上呈现一个并非最小的光斑，这时光斑到凸透镜的距离为L.若凸透镜靠近纸的过程中光斑一直变大，该凸透镜的焦距A．一定小于LB．一定等于LC．一定大于LD．可能小于L，也可能大于L4．（2017•连云港卷）在“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验中，小明将烛焰放在凸透镜前某一位置时，恰好在凸透镜后20cm处的光屏上出现一个与该烛焰等大的像，下列说法正确的是（）A．该凸透镜的焦距是20cmB．此时的物距大于20cmC．当物距是30cm时，光屏上呈现倒立缩小的像D．当凸透镜的一部分被遮住时，光屏上不能呈现完整的像5．太阳光通过校园林荫道旁树叶的缝隙，在路面上形成了许多光斑，这些光斑A．是圆形的，它是太阳的虚像 B．是树叶形的，它是太阳的实像C．是圆形的，它是太阳的实像 D．是树叶缝隙形的，它是太阳的影子6．下列实例中利用了熔化吸热的是A．运输食品时利用干冰降温防止食品腐烂B．天热时向地上洒水会感到凉快C．给发烧的病人用酒精擦拭身体以进行物理降温D．向可乐饮料中加冰块会使饮料变得更凉7．冬天，常看到室外的自来水管包了一层保温材料，是为了防止水管冻裂，水管被冻裂的主要原因是A．水管里的水结成冰后，体积变大B．水管里的水结成冰后，质量变大C．水管里的水结成冰后，密度变大D．水管本身耐寒冷程度不够而破裂8．关于声现象，下列说法正确的个数有①声音在空气中的传播速度是340m/s；②“闻其声而知其人”主要是根据音色来判断的；③医生用“B超”观察身体是否有结石是利用超声波传递信息；④用大小不同的力先后敲击同一音叉，音叉发声的音调会不同；⑤南城县城区2019年元月起实施“禁鞭令”，这是在声源处减弱噪声；⑥只要物体在振动，人就一定能听到声音A．2个B．3个C．4个D．5个9．关于声现象下列说法正确的是A．物体只要在振动，我们就一定能听到它发出的声音B．中考期间学校周围路段禁止鸣笛，这是在声音的传播过程中减弱噪音C．声波可以用来清洗钟表等精细机械，这是利用声波可以传递能量的性质D．声音在真空中传播速度最快10．如图所示,将一块平面镜放在水平桌面上,再把纸板ENF垂直放在平面镜上,纸板E、F可绕ON翻折,一束激光AO贴着纸板E射到平面镜上,下列说法正确的是A．激光AO在纸板E上发生漫反射B．反射光线比入射光线暗C．入射光线AO顺时针转动,反射光线OB将逆时针转动D．当纸板F向后翻折时,不存在光的反射,看不到反射光线二、填空题11．在探究物质的质量与体积关系的实验中，得出甲、乙两种物质的质量与体积的关系如图所示。
苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末语文试题(试卷版)
常州市教育学会学业水平监测八年级语文2020年1月一、积累运用(共19分)1.给下列划线的字注音或根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
读朱自清笔下黑布大马guà( ),深青色棉袍,蹒跚( )走到铁道边的背影，我们读到了浓浓父爱;读茅盾笔下没有婆suō ( )姿态，没有屈曲盘旋的虬( )枝的白杨树,我们感受到质朴之美;读汪曾祺笔下昆明雨季里味极鲜yú( )的青头菌、牛肝菌，我们感受到了自然之美。
2.按语气，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句，指出下列句子的类型。
(1)请把我的歌，带回你的家，请把我的微笑留下。
（）(2)如果能够对公共事业有所贡献，我就会认为自已是最幸福的人。
（）3.请用-句话连贯简明地转述“积极废人”的内涵。
(限50字以内)积极废人是指这样一种人:他们有这样的通病，爱给自己立flag(意指公开树立的目标),心态积极向上，但想偷懒的念头太多，永远做不到，执行力太差，行动宛如废物。
他们往往会在间歇性享乐后恐慌，时常为自己的懒惰自责。
4.下列各句中，词语运用不恰当的一句是（）A. 我最近非常担忧，令媛成绩退步厉害，我想请您赐教。
B. 推开门，那种叫作“理解”的东西，如圣灵一般翩然而至。
C. 那声音是轻柔、甜美、透明，仿佛悄悄滑过钢琴的琴键，从肖邦手下流出。
D. 欢迎来到青果巷，我是这里的解说员，我将竭诚为您服务!5.请根据我国传统节日的特点，在横线上续写两个句子。
好传统我们代代传承。
春节，我们贴福舞狮共贺新禧；清明，我们踏青祭祖缅怀先人；，；，；重阳，我们登高祈福长寿延年。
6.默写。
(1)______________________，恨别鸟惊心。
(2) 角声满天秋色里_____________________。
(3)天接云涛连晓雾, _____________________。
(4)_____________________，江入大荒流。
(5)富贵不能淫，_____________________，_____________________。
精品解析：江苏省常州市教育学会2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末历史试题(解析版)
常州市教育学会学业水平监测八年级历史2020年1月一、单项选择题1.江苏布政使李星沅获悉《南京条约》后，气愤不已，深忧“千秋万世何以善后”。
李星沅“气愤”“深优”的是A.我国的主权和领士完整遭到破坏B.清政府完全沦为洋人的统治工具C.中国半殖民地化程度进一步加深D.外国侵略更进一步深入中国腹地【答案】A【解析】【详解】鸦片战争以《南京条约》的签订而告终，破坏了我国的领土主权、关税主权和加重的人民的负担，中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会，因此引发李星沅“气愤”和“深优”，A正确；B是《辛丑条约》签订的影响，排除；C是第二次鸦片战争的影响，排除；D是《马关条约》签订的影响，排除。
故选A。
2.英国利用“亚罗号事件”，法国利用“马神甫事件”，作为冠冕堂皇的理由，发动了第二次鸦片战争。
他们发动战争的最根本目的是A.传播宗教B.销售鸦片C.扩大市场D.割占领土【答案】C【解析】【详解】第二次鸦片战争的根本目的是为了进一步打开中国市场，“亚罗号事件”和“马神甫事件”只是英法发动战争的借口，C正确；ABD不属于第二次鸦片战争爆发的根本原因，排除。
故选C。
3.太平天国运动期间颁布了《天朝田亩制度》和《资政新篇》，下列判断正确的是A.前者是具有资本主义色彩的方案B.后者成为太平天国的纲领性文件C.前者体现了农民阶级的革命理想D.后者为维新派所制定并实际施行【答案】C【解析】【详解】《天朝田亩制度》的核心是废除封建土地所有制，按人口和年龄平均分配土地，是农民革命战争的产物，体现了农民阶级的革命理想，C正确；《资政新篇》的核心是发展资本主义，A排除；《天朝田亩制度》是太平天国运动的革命纲领，B排除；二者都是农民起义的产物，与维新派无关，D排除。
故选C。
4.1900年4月以后，直隶保定城内的坛口“日盛一日”，并且竖起“保清灭洋”旗帜，教堂“无论天主、耶稣悉付一炬”。
这里描述的是A.太平天国运动B.义和团运动C.维新变法运动D.新文化运动【答案】B【解析】【详解】根据材料关键信息“1900年”、“保清灭洋”可以判断出是义和团运动，是1900年发生在中国北方大地的一场反帝爱国运动，B正确；太平天国运动发生在19世纪五六十年代，A排除；维新变法运动属于政治改革运动，与材料无关，C排除；新文化运动的旗帜是民主、科学，D排除。
2019-2020年常州市人教版八年级第一学期期末质量调研语文试题
常州市第一学期期末质量调研八年级语文试题第一部分积累运用（20分）1.根据拼音写汉字或给加点的汉字注拼音。
（2分）（1）街上行人摩肩接踵．，络yì不绝。
【】【】（2）雨季则有青头菌．、牛肝菌，味极鲜yú。
【】【】2.名著阅读。
（3分）有这样一只不知危险无所畏惧的灰颜色的蝗虫占着那只螳螂迎面跑了过……蝗螂把它的翅膀极庹张开，它的翅竖了超，并且直立得好像帆船一样。
翅膀整在它的后背上，蝗梆将身体的上端弯齿超，样子很像一根弯曲着手柄的拐杖，并且不时地上下起落着。
(1)这段文字出自法国昆虫学家法布尔的《_ _ 》。
（1分）(2)本选段细致入微地刻画了螳螂时的动作，生动地表现了螳螂的特点。
（2分）3．阅读下面这则消息，为其拟写一个标题（15个字以内）。
（2分）据新华社报道，国家新闻出版广电总局日前下发《关于进一步加强电视上星综合频道节目管理的通知》，要求严格控制未成年人参与真人秀节目，不得借真人秀节目炒作包装明星，尤其不得在娱乐访谈、娱乐报道等节目中宣传炒作明星子女，防止包装造“星”、一夜成名。
通知中强调，总局将从节目数量、节目内容、播出时间等方面对真人秀节目进行引导调控，原则上不允许再制作播出明星子女参与的真人秀节目。
4．阅读下列调查统计表，用简要的文字概述表格所反映的主要信息。
（3分）5．阅读下面几则材料，按要求回答后面的问题。
（4分)材料一：四川省乐山市峨边彝族自治县新林镇的一座山顶，每年都有游客自驾休闲度假，即使在冬季，也有一些“背包客”。
这里森林茂密，空气干净，良好的生态吸引了大家，他们一就会住上好几天。
在森林资极为丰富的四川省，越越多的市民开始选择进森林休假、疗养。
走进大山，不仅可以静心，而且可以“洗肺”，这是普通农家乐无法比拟的。
随着城市生活压力加大、休闲疗养意识增强，城镇居民去深山老林“洗肺”会成为热门项目。
材料二：森林康养产业的潜力远不只是简单的森林旅游。
四川省民政厅福利慈善处马江说，随着老龄化社会加速到，很多退休人员要到生态环境好的地方休闲，同时疗养和保健也是他们重要的消费需求，他们是森林康养非常重要的消费人群。
2019-2020学年江苏省常州市教育学会八年级(上)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)
2019-2020学年江苏省常州市教育学会八年级（上）期末英语试卷一、单选题（本大题共36小题，共30.5分）1.My little brother ate too much cake，so felt sick．（）A. heB. sheC. itD. we2.China's women's volleyball team won the World Cup Japan in 2019．（）A. onB. atC. inD. for3.Many people like paper books more，______ they are comfortable to read．（）A. becauseB. andC. orD. so4.The Amazon rainforest is______rainforest in the world．（）A. largeB. largerC. largestD. the largest5.-______do you usually have dinner？-At about 6 p．m．（）A. WhenB. WhereC. WhyD. How6.Wang Xuan is a famous computer scientist．He his research of laser typesetting in1975．（）A. startB. startedC. is startingD. will start7.James enjoys reading，and he ______ novels on his way to work on the subway everyday．（）A. readB. readsC. is readingD. will read8.If we learn more about DNA, we ________ more diseases.A. treatB. treatsC. will treatD. were treating9.There are many tree heroes in China．They ______ millions of trees for almost 20years．（）A. plantB. plantedC. have plantedD. are planting10.We ______ happily when we heard a loud noise outside the door last night．（）A. chatB. chattedC. are chattingD. were chatting11.-Lily，can you tell me______？-I always exercise twice a week．（）A. how often do you exerciseB. how often you exerciseC. how often did you exerciseD. how often you exercised12.Coffee is ready．How nice it !（）A. smellsB. soundsC. feelsD. becomes13.-Do you know how tea was invented？-It is said that tea was invented___．（）A. by accidentB. on displayC. on saleD. in surprise14.Ted's father is really busy and has little___time．（）A. spareB. interestingC. boringD. strange15.If you change the___ of the chairs and the apples，there will be more space in theoffice．（）A. styleB. materialC. patternD. position16.-I'd like one kilo of apples and two kilos of bananas．How much are they？-The ___price is 20 yuan．（）A. allB. totalC. highD. low17.——Can you finish the___in two weeks，Mike？——Oh! Let me think it over.A. resultB. projectC. surfaceD. form18.Reading should be an important part of a student's ________ life．A. braveB. difficultC. dailyD. natural19.Don't forget to___ your bike．Five bikes were lost last night．A. openB. closeC. lockD. avoid20.-These ___taste sweet and crispy．Could I have some more？-OK．Here you are．（）A. bananasB. vegetablesC. biscuitsD. pears21.-You look sad，Frank．What's wrong？-I ________ talking back to my mother this morning．（）A. regretB. refuseC. inviteD. know22.I hope all of you will come and actively___me in the talent show．（）A. changeB. supportC. liftD. hug23.-Do you often watch Man and Nature on TV？-Sometimes．It's an interesting program，but I ______ Sports News．（）A. preferB. wantC. knowD. review24.What ___weather! The wind is blowing strongly．（）A. normalB. awfulC. lovelyD. different25.I ___my best friend Mary's letter yesterday and I will write to her this evening．（）A. acceptedB. receivedC. gaveD. heard26.Do you know which was invented by Chinese？（）A. AB. BC. CD. D27.The sentence structure of"He painted the wall white．" is_________．（）A. S+VB. S+V+OC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC28.If you want to join the Singing Club，you should fill in the_________form．Everyoneis welcome!（A. applicationB. instructionC. competitionD. action29.The bus_________on the half way and I had to wait for ten minutes．（）A. put downB. broke downC. looked downD. fell down30.-How many cranes did you see on the lake last Sunday？-______．They all flew south for the winter．（）A. NothingB. NobodyC. No oneD. None31.-The trees in the garden are really short．-Don't worry．______time goes by，they are sure to grow taller．（）A. BeforeB. BecauseC. WhileD. As32.-Is Lucy in the classroom now？-I'm not sure．She_______not be there．I saw her in the library ten minutes ago．（）A. mayB. mustC. shallD. would33.I thought Linda was an honest girl，but______，she often tells lies．（）A. as a resultB. in factC. for exampleD. as usual34.Tom reads_______books and plays______computer games than he did last year．So heis becoming better and better in his study．（）A. fewer； moreB. fewer； lessC. more； fewerD. more； less35.The room was untidy，so Lucy______a space on the sofa for her father to sitdown．（）A. clearedB. tookC. raisedD. kept36.-I'm afraid I can't take part in your activity because I am too busy．-______．We won't have great fun without you．（）A. No wayB. No problemC. It's a pityD. Never mind二、完形填空（本大题共29小题，共33.5分）37.Lord of the Flies in 1954, although it was not a great success at first.A. publishB. publishedC. is publishedD. was published Everyone knew that Stuti was the best speller in the whole class．She could spell difficult words like "encyclopedia" and "amendment" very (38)．She used to get perfect scores during each weekly spelling test．Ms．Daisy，her English teacher made a(39) for the spelling tests that any child who doesn't get at least 60% correct spellings would have to correct each wrong word and copy three times for next week's spelling test．Seema，who sat next to Stuti always struggled（挣扎）in spellings．Last Thursday，she received 56% which meant she had to(40) the rest 44% words three times．Stuti was so (41) in her spelling abilities that she decided not to study for her next spelling test．The test began．Ms．Daisy pronounced each word and then repeated it．Everything was OK until she spoke "Handkerchief"．Stuti scribbled（匆匆书写）h-a-n-d-k-e-r-c-h…now what？Her mind was blank．Ms．Daisy started to move on to the next word．An idea came into Stuti's mind that Seema(42)how to spell it! Seema had written this word three times．There was wide open space between Stuti and Seema．Stuti's eyes rolled（滚动）to the right．There it was，spelled out in Seema's handwriting．Her eyes went quickly back to her own paper and(43) the word with the letters "i-e-f"．Stuti remained nervous as Ms．Daisy read the last spelling word．She had(44) just for the first time in her life．She thought，"Is this the way I want to keep my perfect record-by being a cheater？"Finally，she erased what she had written earlier and replaced it with what sheknew was the wrong answer．She wrote "e-i-f"．As her hands put down her pencil and passedthe test up to the front，she sighed with relief（解脱）．She thought，"So，what if my perfect scores are no longer being kept？At least my(45) is．"38. A. happily B. easily C. slowly D. carefully39. A. plan B. suggestion C. guess D. rule40. A. check B. copy C. read D. pronounce41. A. special B. unusual C. confused D. confident42. A. knew B. proved C. found D. wondered43. A. changed B. picked C. finished D. replaced44. A. cheated B. asked C. looked D. remembered45. A. choice B. courage C. honesty D. prideMr．and Mrs．Green's house in America is controlled by a computer．The computer has known the couple's (46)well．Every morning the computer(47)the lights at 6：30 which is their rising time．The water in the shower keeps at a right temperature for the couple to(48)it．If someone gets up in the night，floor lights will come on auctomatically（自动地）to show the way to the(49)．The air conditioner（空调）keeps the house at a comfortable temperature．The fridge keeps a check on the food that is put inside it，and (50)the local supermarket an e-mail when more food is needed．A camera works when a stranger gets (51)to the house but does not work if it is a family member or friend．The microwave（微波炉）is (52)linked （连接）to the Internet．It can cook he food for the right time．The couple love their home，but they don't like one thing．They sometimes feel that the computer is their(53)，"One night，we came home later(54)usual，but the computer had turned on the lights at the regular（固定的）time．We felt like bad kids，and (55)said 'Sorry' to the computer，"said Mrs．Green．46. A. problems B. habits C. plans D. friends47. A. turns off B. turns up C. turns down D. turns on48. A. use B. warm C. clean D. drink49. A. door B. bedroom C. bathroom D. window50. A. passes B. sends C. promises D. refuses51. A. kind B. friendly C. helpful D. close52. A. seldom B. still C. also D. just53. A. boss B. friend C. student D. grandmother54. A. like B. than C. as D. from55. A. never B. nearly C. completely D. alwaysWhen I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. My father could catch many fish while I caught (56) . I usually got very sad and (57) asking him why. He always answered, "Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to (58) like a fish." "But I am not a fish," I said, "and I don't know what fish like."As I got a little older, I began to understand what my father really (59) . So I read some books on fish and I even joined a local (60) Club and started attending the monthly meeting to know more about it. I learned that fish are cold-blooded(冷血的) animals andwater (61) is very important to them. That's why fish like shallow(浅的) water betterthan (62) water because shallow water is warmer. (63) , water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Also, fish don't have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes…The more I understand fish, the better I am at finding and (64) them.When I grow up, I go into the business world. It is not an easy job to sell things to others, but I do it well because I have the secret—that is to think more like (65) . I have learned this lesson from fishing.56. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something57. A. kept B. stopped C. forgot D. enjoyed58. A. swim B. act C. live D. think59. A. needed B. meant C. planned D. failed60. A. Reading B. Fishing C. Swimming D. Singing61. A. colour B. quality C. temperature D. body62. A. deep B. clear C. dirty D. fresh63. A. Moreover B. However C. Instead D. Otherwise64. A. saving B. catching C. feeding D. cooking65. A. workers B. makers C. sellers D. buyers三、补全对话（本大题共2小题，共10.0分）66.根据对话内容，从方框中选出恰当的选项补全对话，其中有两项多余．A：Hi，Bill，do you know about National Inventors' Day？B：No，I have never heard of it．(1)A：On February 11th．B：I remember the great inventor Thomas Edison was born on that day．A：You're right and you have a good memory．B：Thank you．(2)A：Of course．There have been a lot of inventors in history．They made millions of inventions and some of them have changed the world．B：In order to help remember these inventors，people named February 11 th for National Inventors' Day，right？A：(3) But you made a mistake．It was Ronald Reagan，the President （总统）of the United States of America that named the date．B：There must be many kinds of activities all over the world on that day．A：You're right．Our school also celebrates National Inventors' Day．B：(4)A：Students show their own inventions．Some inventions are wonderful and exciting．B：Sounds interesting．(5) Can I show them at your school？A：No problem．You are more than welcome to．A．You're very clever．B．I like inventing small things，too．C．How many inventions did it mention？D．When is it？E．Some inventions are useful．F．How do you celebrate it？G．Can you tell me how it got started？67.A：Look ，Mona ！(1) ？B：Oh ，it's a person computer．It is widely used in today's world．A：You are right．Do you know (2) ？B：Yes ，it was invented in 1971．A：(3) ？B：It is used for helping us work ，study ，send e-mails and so on．A：(4) ？B：It is said that it was invented by some American scientists．A：By the way ，what are you going to be when you grow up ？B：(5) and invent many useful inventions for our motherland．A：OK．Let's work hard to make our dreams come true．四、阅读理解（本大题共43小题，共66.0分）A Chinese Cuisine（烹饪）in the WorldEmma Chen She is a restaurant owner in Cape Town，South Africa．She has two restaurants-Red Chamber and Pron．Both of them are very popular with customers．She believes that food is not only a business，but also means passing down of culture and customs．Her cuisine comes from Shandong Province in Northern China．Gianni Catani As an Italian，he has become an expert in Chinese Hunan cuisine．It is very hard for a foreigner to enter the Chinese world at first．Luckily，he was finally accepted and welcomed by a Chinese master cook．So he spent eight years with him in learning the secrets of Hunan cuisine．Now his restaurant is one of the best places to eat Chinese food in Rome，Italy．Eugene Moy He owns a restaurant in San Gabriel Valley in America，which has become a foodie Mecca（美食圣地）for the world's top Chinese food．He believes Chinese food is the power to teach people Chinese culture．"Who knew where Chengdu or Chongqing was before？Going and checking out food is a lot of fun．It is also an activity of telling ourselves and the public about Chinese culture．"68.Who has two restaurants？______A. Emma Chen．B. Gianni Catani．C. Eugene Moy．D. Red Chamber．69.Gianni Catani has become an expert in ______ ．A. Shandong cuisineB. Hunan cuisineC. Sichuan cuisineD. Guangdong cuisine70.Eugene Moy believes Chinese food is ______ ．A. passing down of customsB. very popular with customersC. very hard for foreigners to cookD. the power to teach people Chinese cultureBGrowing a Family BusinessEvery Saturday and Sunday this fall，while other kids are sleeping in or preparing for a soccer game，Phillip Gargiulo，age 11，will be up at 5 a．m．sweeping floors．It's hard work，but Phillip's job at Masker Orchards（果园）isn't just a job-it's all for his family．Masker is one of the largest pick-it-yourself apple orchards in the New York area，with 200 acres（英亩）of land and 16，000 trees．The orchard was founded in 1913 by the Masker family．In 1969，Phillip's grandfather bought the land．His three kids and six grandkids have been running the family business ever since．On a good weekend，there will be more than 800 customers．One of Phillip's jobs is to count the items they bought，give customers a total，and take their money．That's a lot of apples-and a lot of math! And more than 100 teens work there，too．For their hard work，the Gargiulo kids are paid﹩15 per hour．After working there for seven years，Phillip has saved﹩3，000．He's planning to use it to buy a car one day，and to help pay for college．Having a family business means much more than making money．It also means making sacrifices．"Growing up，it was good and bad，" says Phillip's mom．She's been working at the orchard since she was 4 years old．"From August to Halloween，I would be busy．In high school，you want to be with your friends，out doing other things．That wasn't always possible when I had to be at the orchard．"Phillip，too，sees both sides．"I'm learning how to run a business，and I'm learning what hard work is really all about，" he says．He admits，though，that some mornings，when his alarm clock goes off in the early morning，he'd rather be sleeping in or playing baseball with friends．"But I'm learning to do things that I will need for the rest of my life，" he says．"And I'm spending time with my family．I love it．"71.Phillip gets up early every weekend to ______ ．A. finish his homeworkB. do the work for his familyC. prepare for a soccer gameD. go for a run in the morning72.What does Phillip do on a good weekend in Masker？______A. To plant some apple trees．B. To work on math problems．C. To play baseball with friends．D. To count apples and take the money．73.What can we learn from this passage？______A. Getting something probably means giving up something．B. It's necessary to make money as early as possible．C. Growing up means doing what you want to do．D. There is nothing more important than parents．CAs the world's population continues to increase，so does the amountof global waste people produce．According to data collected by theWorld Bank Group，nations are on pace to produce 4 billion tons ofwaste every year by 2100．Many experts are calling the problem ofglobal waste a worldwide health crisis（危机）because it is ruining theworld's oceans，air and soil and endangering the health of all living things．For years，governments have been telling people that living a zero-waste lifestyle is the way to go．One example of this is what's often called the three R's：reduce，reuse，recycle．In that case，less money is spent on waste management．Such positive effects on an economy（经济）-as a result of applying the basic rules of reduce，reuse and recycle-is known as a circular economy．Now some stores are helping people do that．Sometimes，grocery stores produce waste when they throw away food including fruit and vegetables that don't look good any more．In other cases，it's packaged food that is nearing the "sell-by" date printed on the package which is not considered safe to eat．To solve this problem，business people are opening smaller zero-waste stores．Instead of selling food in packages，these stores offer it in open containers．Customers bring their own bags or clean containers to the store．There，they fill their bags or containers with everything from nuts and rice to oil and sauce．They pay for only the amount of each product that they need．Zero-waste stores often sell fruit and vegetables as well．When these goods start to look old，they're sold at a discount or donated to a charity．Inspired by these smaller zero-waste stores，some large supermarkets are taking similar steps to reduce the amount of waste that they produce．By following a circular system，more products than ever are being produced using recycled materials．For example，used tires（轮胎）can be recovered to pave roads，while plastic is reused to make new plastic products．Environmentally- friendly decisions like these help to protect and save natural resources，reduce pollution，save landfill space and even create new job opportunities．Recycling can truly turn garbage into gold．74.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph？______A. To explain the experts' opinion．B. To discuss the reason of the problem．C. To draw people's attention on the problem．D. To introduce a research of the World Bank Group．75.We can infer from the passage that ______ ．A. grocery stores sell bad-looking food cheaperB. some supermarkets will sell food without packagesC. governments decided to spend less money on recyclingD. customers will pay for the containers in zero-waste stores76.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？______A. Zero Waste，Full Recycle．B. Less Garbage，More Gold．C. Global Waste，a Worldwide Crisis．D. Zero-waste Stores，Garbage Killer．DWhat Is Success The Oxford English Dictionary defines（定义）the word success as "the fact that you have achieved something that you want and have been trying to do or get；the fact of becoming rich or famous or of getting a high social position"．Some rankings（排行榜）put Albert Einstein，Michael Jackson，Bill Gates and Steve Jobs as among the most successful people in the world．What Michael Jackson did for music is the same as what Albert Einstein did for physics．All of them do have greatly influenced the industries or media to which they belonged．J．K．Rowling，the author of the famous Harry Potter novels．She created a magical world that sold more than 500 million books and became hit movies．With an estimated（估算的）net worth of ﹩650 million in 2017，she certainly goes for the dictionary definition of success，but for her it didn't come easy．Having no job，raising her child alone，she was refused by publishers about a dozen times before one took a chance on her．This is what people love：the rags-to-riches success story．In comparison with Rowling，the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh practically suffered a lot in life to make ends meet．When he was alive，he only sold one painting even though he created more than 2，000 works of art．Van Gogh died when he was 37 years old and with very little money to his name．However，in 1990，his painting Portrait of Dr．Gachet sold for ﹩82.5 million，which has a value today of around ﹩137 million．So，the question is：Is Van Gogh considered successful even though he died poor？Besides the dictionary definitions，different people have competing ideas of what success really means．Often times the most agree on the same characteristics that make a person a success．A financial magazine named Inc．points to the following qualities that make a person successful：Drive，Confidence，Patience，Honesty，Passion…Success isn't always about getting a lot of money or fans，even though those are the stories we see most often．There are other people who we may not know well，but who have achieved success in their own right．One perfect example is mothers．They spent days，months，and years teaching their children from birth to young adulthood．If a child grows up to be a kind，helpful，thoughtful and considerate adult，can the mother consider herself a success？Perhaps success really is subjective，and it's up to people to define it for themselves．However，one thing seems to be in complete agreement when we search for the definition and can be best summed up by Steve Jobs，who said，"If you really look closely，most overnight successes took a long time．"77.The word " rags-to-riches" in Paragraph 2 probably means " ______ "．A. winning success from luckB. turning talent into treasureC. gaining money from honorD. rising from poorness to wealth78.The writer mentions Vincent van Gogh to show that ______ ．A. success is through lonelinessB. success is beyond time and spaceC. success is to take the life-changing opportunityD. success is to achieve something you want and try79.What can we learn from the passage？______A. Most successes happen overnight if we look closely．B. What makes people successful is the strong mind and body．C. A child growing to be a gentle adult can be the mother's success．D. Albert Einstein makes greater achievement than Michael Jackson．80.The writer probably agrees that people should ______ ．A. reorder the rankings of the world's most successful peopleB. reach an agreement of what makes a person successC. recognize and appreciate different kinds of successD. drive themselves to set great goals for successEIn your school，are you allowed to choose the subjects you want to learn？Of course，the answer is "No" here in China．In America there is a school trying something new．At a high school in Florida，students will be able to choose their own classes．We all know that some students are better at some subject than others．Some students plan to go on to college，while others will not．At this school students are able to find subjects they are interested in，and possibly even find the field（领域）they would like to go into after school．They are allowed to choose a subject like biology，math，a foreign language，or study skills like computer or car repair（修理）．Some people think this is a good idea，because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future，and the school helps to give them the knowledge and skills needed to get there．They say that giving the students the chance to choose their own classes make high school more interesting．Others disagree．They think that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to know what they will want to do in the future．What do you think？Would you like to be able to choose your own classes？Many useful changes have been made in education，but seeing the differences in each student is also important．How can we help each student become a better student？81.Students at a high school in Florida are allowed to ______ ．A. go on to college without taking examsB. find a part-time job they would like to doC. learn how to make a computer or a carD. choose a subject that they are interested in82.Some people think allowing students to choose their own classes helps them ______ ．A. show how smart they areB. know differences between themC. prepare for their futureD. know their duties in life83.Some people don't agree students should choose their own classes because they think______ ．A. some students are too nervous to make a right decisionB. some students shouldn't be a repair worker in the futureC. some students care little about their own futureD. their children aren't old enough to know what they want to do84.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？______A. All the high schools in Florida give the students the chance to choose their own classes．B. Some people think allowing students to choose their classes can help them find theirown possibilities．C. The school in Florida helps students by giving the knowledge and skills they need．D. In the writer's opinion，it's not important to see the differences in each student in schooleducation．85.What is the best title for the passage？______A. Chinese education．B. A New Way of Education．C. To Change Our Education．D. To Improve Learning Skills．FLet's look at two old but popular inventions we use in our daily life．Band-Aids（创可贴）The first Band-Aid was made by American Earle Dickson in 1921．The idea came to him by chance．Dickson's wife often cut her fingers in the kitchen．At that time gauze（纱布）and adhesive tape （胶带）didn't come together．People had to cut them to the right size．Dickson found they were always too big and soon fell off．So he put a piece of gauze on the centre of a piece of tape．This is how he made the first Band-Aid．Later，Dickson's new inventions became very popular all around the world．Bubble gum（泡泡糖）Bubble gum was invented by accident．In 1928，American gum company worker WalterE．Diemer played around with new chewing gum recipes（食谱）．Chewing gum had already been invented more than half a century before then．But Diemer found that the gum he made was easy to blow．He blew a bubble and then saw the possibilities．He took some of his new gum to a shop and it sold out in a single afternoon．Since then，Dubble Bubble-the first brand of bubble gum-has made kids happy all around the world．86.Josephine often ______ in the kitchen．A. hurt her fingersB. made bubble gumC. played with new recipesD. cut gauze to the right size87.Before the Band-Aid was invented，______ ．A. the gauze and adhesive tape were always smallB. people had to cover the cut with a piece of clothC. people had to be careful to cut the gauze quite bigD. people had to cut the gauze and adhesive tape to the right size88.Bubble gum was invented by an ______ ．A. American doctorB. American a gum company workerC. American housewifeD. American gun shopkeeper89.Bubble gum was invented around ______ years after chewing gum was invented．A. 30B. 50C. 80D. 10090.Diemer's bubble gum sold out during ______ ．A. a dayB. a morningC. an afternoonD. two daysGFive years ago，my mother gave birth to a brother for me when I was 8．I have learned a lot from getting along with him．After he was born，I almost became a babysitter．I had to amuse him after school．I would make faces and sing to him when he was crying．Sometimes I even carried him everywhere in our yard to refresh him while my parents were busy．What I liked to do best was to feed him when looking after him．How cute he was as he tasted his favorite food!My parents often praised me happily．As an elder brother，you've made contributions to looking after your younger brother．"I have got happiness from sharing．When I was young，I was the only child in my family．I could get what I wanted from my parents and get my parents'whole love．I was a"Little Emperor"．。
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年数学八上期末模拟试卷(4)
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年数学八上期末模拟试卷(4)一、选择题1．方程＝0的解为（ ） A ．﹣2B ．2C ．5D ．无解 2．已知a 是方程x 2+x ﹣2015=0的一个根，则的值为（ ）A.2014B.2015C.D. 3．分式23x x --有意义的x 的取值为（ ） A ．2x ≠ B ．3x ≠ C ．2x =D ．3x =4．下列运算正确的是( ) A ．a+a= a 2 B ．a 6÷a 3=a 2 C ．(a+b)2=a 2+b 2 D ．(a b 3) 2= a 2 b 65．如图，有三种规格的卡片共9张，其中边长为a 的正方形卡片4张，边长为b 的正方形卡片1张，长，宽分别为a ，b 的长方形卡片4张．现使用这9张卡片拼成一个大的正方形，则这个大正方形的边长为( )A ．2a+bB ．4a+bC ．a+2bD ．a+3b 6．下列乘法运算中，能用平方差公式的是（ ） A.（b+a ）（a+b ）B.（﹣x+y ）（x+y ）C.（1﹣x ）（x ﹣1）D.（m+n ）（﹣m ﹣n ）7．下列四个交通标志图中，是轴对称图形的是( )A ．B ．C ．D ．8．如图，将等边△ABC 沿直线BC 平移到△DEF ，使点E 与点C 重合，连接BD ，若AB ＝2，则BD 的长为（ ）A.2B.C.3D.29．如图△ABC 中，AB 、BC 垂直平分线相交于点 O ，∠BAC ＝70°，则∠BOC 度数为（ ）A.140°B.130°C.125°D.110°10．如图所示，在Rt △ABC 中，∠ABC=90°，AB=BC ，点D 是AC 的中点，直角∠EDF 的两边分别交AB 、BC 于点E 、F ，给出以下结论：①AE=BF ；②S 四边形BEDF =12S △ABC ；③△DEF 是等腰直角三角形；④当∠EDF 在△ABC 内绕顶点D 旋转时D 旋转时（点E 不与点A 、B 重合），∠BFE=∠CDF ，上述结论始终成立的有（ ）个．A.1B.2C.3D.4 11．如图，△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ，AD ⊥BC ，垂足为D ，DE ∥AB ，交AC 于点E ，则下列结论不正确的是（ ）A ．∠CAD ＝∠BADB ．BD ＝CDC ．AE ＝ED D ．DE ＝DB12．如图，ABC △是一块直角三角板，90,30C A ∠=︒∠=︒，现将三角板叠放在一把直尺上，AC 与直尺的两边分别交于点D ，E ，AB 与直尺的两边分别交于点F ，G ，若∠1=40°，则∠2的度数为（ ）A.40ºB.50ºC.60ºD.70º13．已知△ABC 中，∠A ＝20°，∠B ＝70°，那么△ABC 是（ ）A ．直角三角形B ．锐角三角形C ．钝角三角形D ．正三角形14．一个多边形每个外角都等于30°，则这个多边形是几边形( )A ．9B ．10C ．11D ．1215．如图，已知OA ＝OB ，OC ＝OD ，AD 和BC 相交于点E ，则图中共有全等三角形的对数（ ）A.2对B.3对C.4对D.5对二、填空题 16．无为县是全国闻名的“电缆之乡”，生产的电缆品种众多，其中有一种电缆铜芯横截面积为0.000 000 25平方米，“0.000 000 25”用科学记数法表示为__________。
江苏省常州2019_2020学年八年级语文上学期期末质量调研试题新人教版
常州市2019-2020学年第一学期期末质量调研八年级语文试题注意事项：1．答题时，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2．答选择题，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3．答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4．所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5．考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回，试题卷由考生自己留存。
第一部分积累运用（20分）1.根据拼音写汉字或给加点的汉字注拼音。
（2分）（1）街上行人摩肩接踵．，络yì不绝。
【】【】（2）雨季则有青头菌．、牛肝菌，味极鲜yú。
【】【】2.名著阅读。
（3分）有这样一只不知危险无所畏惧的灰颜色的蝗虫占着那只螳螂迎面跑了过来……蝗螂把它的翅膀极庹张开，它的翅竖了超来，并且直立得好像帆船一样。
翅膀整在它的后背上，蝗梆将身体的上端弯齿超来，样子很像一根弯曲着手柄的拐杖，并且不时地上下起落着。
(1)这段文字出自法国昆虫学家法布尔的《_ _ 》。
（1分）(2)本选段细致入微地刻画了螳螂时的动作，生动地表现了螳螂的特点。
（2分）3．阅读下面这则消息，为其拟写一个标题（15个字以内）。
（2分）据新华社报道，国家新闻出版广电总局日前下发《关于进一步加强电视上星综合频道节目管理的通知》，要求严格控制未成年人参与真人秀节目，不得借真人秀节目炒作包装明星，尤其不得在娱乐访谈、娱乐报道等节目中宣传炒作明星子女，防止包装造“星”、一夜成名。
通知中强调，总局将从节目数量、节目内容、播出时间等方面对真人秀节目进行引导调控，原则上不允许再制作播出明星子女参与的真人秀节目。
45．阅读下面几则材料，按要求回答后面的问题。
（4分)材料一：四川省乐山市峨边彝族自治县新林镇的一座山顶，每年都有游客自驾来休闲度假，即使在冬季，也有一些“背包客”。
这里森林茂密，空气干净，良好的生态吸引了大家，他们一来就会住上好几天。
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年数学八上期末模拟试卷(2)
江苏省常州市2019-2020学年数学八上期末模拟试卷(2)一、选择题1．若数a 使得关于x 的不等式组32235(12)x x x a x --⎧<⎪⎨⎪+≥-⎩，有且仅有四个整数解，且使关于y 的分式方程42322a y y y ++-++＝1有整数解，则所有满足条件的整数a 的值之和是（ ） A ．3 B ．2 C ．﹣2 D ．﹣32．把分式x yy x +中的x ，y 的值都扩大为原来的5倍，则分式的值（ ） A ．缩小为原来的15 B ．不变C ．扩大为原来的10倍D ．扩大为原来的5倍 3．解分式方程2211x x x++--＝3时，去分母后变形为( ) A.2－(x ＋2)＝3 B.2+(x ＋2)＝3C.2＋(x ＋2)＝3(x －1)D.2－(x ＋2)＝3(x －1) 4．下列各式中,从左到右的变形是因式分解的是（ ）A ．x 2 + 2 x + 3 = (x + 1)2 + 2B ．(x + y )(x - y ) = x 2 - y 2C ．x 2 - y 2 = (x - y )2D ．2 x + 2 y = 2(x + y )5．下列运算正确的是（ ）A ．224358a a a +=B ．524a a a -÷=C ．222()a b a b -=-D ．()0211a +=6．下列运算正确的是（ ） A ．236a a a ⋅= B ．22423a a a +=C ．236(2)2a a -=-D ．422()a a a ÷-= 7．下列图形中，不是轴对称图形的是（ ）A． B． C ． D ．8．如图，将一个含有角的直角三角板的直角顶点放在一张宽为的矩形纸带边沿上，另一个顶点在纸带的另一边沿上，若测得三角板的一边与纸带的一边所在的直线成角，则三角板最长的长是（ ）A. B. C.D. 9．已知等腰三角形的一个角为72度，则其顶角为（ ） A ．36° B ．72 C ．48 D ．36°或72°10．下列各组所述几何图形中，一定全等的是（）A．一个角是45°的两个等腰三角形B．腰长相等的两个等腰直角三角形C．两个等边三角形D．各有一个角是40°，腰长都是8cm的两个等腰三角形11．如图，在△ABC中，∠C=90°，AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D，DE⊥AB于点E，则下列结论：①AD平分∠CDE；②∠BAC=∠BDE；③DE平分∠ADB；④若AC=4BE，则S△ABC=8S△BDE其中正确的有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个12．下列说法正确的是（）A．所有的等边三角形都是全等三角形B．全等三角形是指面积相等的三角形C．周长相等的三角形是全等三角形D．全等三角形是指形状相同、大小相等的三角形13．下列图中不具有稳定性的是( )A．B．C．D．14．如果某多边形的每个内角的大小都是其相邻外角的3倍，那么这个多边形是（）A．六边形 B．八边形 C．正六边形 D．正八边形15．若（a﹣4）2+|b﹣8|=0，则以a、b为边长的等腰三角形的周长为（）A．18 B．16 C．16或20 D．20二、填空题16．使得分式值242xx-+为零的x的值是_________；17．若实数a、b满足a＋b＝5，a2b＋ab2＝－10，则ab的值是_______．18．如图是由四个完全相同的小正方形排成的正方形网格，正方形的顶点叫格点，以其中的格点为顶点可以构成不全等的三角形共有__________种.19．如图，中，，，图中等于的角是：______．20．如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝4，∠A ＝30°，那么S △ABC ＝______．三、解答题21．解分式方程：33122x x x-+=--. 22．计算: ① 20192-2018×2020 -1 ②化简:2(2)(1)(1)x x x +--+23．如图，在△ABC 中，AB=AC=2，∠B=∠C=40°，点D 在线段BC 上运动（D 不与B 、C 重合），连接AD ，作∠ADE=40°，DE 交线段AC 于E ．（1）当∠BDA=115°时，∠EDC=______°，∠DEC=______°；点D 从B 向C 运动时，∠BDA 逐渐变______（填“大”或“小”）；（2）当DC 等于多少时，△ABD ≌△DCE ，请说明理由；（3）在点D 的运动过程中，△ADE 的形状可以是等腰三角形吗？若可以，请直接写出∠BDA 的度数．若不可以，请说明理由．24．如图,在平面直角坐标系中,OA=OB=OC=6,过点A 的直线AD 交BC 于点D,交y 轴与点G,△ABD 的面积为△ABC 面积的13.(1)求点D的坐标；(2)过点C作CE⊥AD，交AB交于F，垂足为E.①求证：OF=OG；②求点F的坐标。
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常州市教育学会学业水平监测
八 年 级 数 学
一、 选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
1.下列各数中,无理数是 ( ) A.0.121221222 B.22
7 C.π D.4 2.在平面直角坐标系中，点(-1, 2)所在的象限是 ( )
A.第一象限
B.第二象限
C.第三象限
D.第四象限
3.下列说法正确的是 ( )
A.两个等边三角形一定全等
B.形状相同的两个三角形全等
C.面积相等的两个三角形全等
D.全等三角形的面积一定相等
4.用四舍五入法把3.7963精确到百分位得到的近似数是 ( )
A.3.79
B. 3.800
C. 3.8
D.3.80
5. 如图，若△ABC ≌ △ DEF, BC=6, EC=4,则CF 的长为 ( ) A.1 B.2 C.2.5 D.3
（第5题） （ 第6题）
6.如图，公路AC 、BC 互相垂直，公路AB 的中点M 与点C 被湖隔开，若测得AC= 10km, BC=24km,则M 、C 两点之间的距离为 ( )
A.13km
B.12km
C.11km
D.10km
7. 已知直线y=m x+3 (m≠0)经过点(1, 0) ,则关于x的不等式m x+3>0的解集是 ( )
A.x＜1
B.x＞1
C.x＜3
D.x＞3
8.近年来，人们对PM2.5 (空气中直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒)的关注日益密切.我市某天中PM2.5的值y1 (u g/m3) 随时间t (h)的变化如图所示，设y2表示0时到t时PM2.5的最大值与最小值的差，则y2与t 的函数关系大致是 ( )
二、填空题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
9.16的平方根是_______.
10.点P(2, 3)到y轴的距离是___________.
11.比较大小:5-3 _____ 0. (填“>”、“=”、“＜”）
12.北京天安门雄伟壮丽，用数学的眼光看，天安门主视图是______图形.
13.在平面直角坐标系中，函数y= k x+b的图象如图所示，则k*b__0 (填“>”、“=”或“<”) .
（第12题） （第13题） （第14题）
14. 如图，若BD 为等边△ABC 的一条中线，延长BC 至点E,使CE=CD=1, 连接DE ，则DE=_______.
15. 如图的三角形纸片中，AB=6, AC=7, BC=5, 沿过点B 的直线折叠这个三角形，使点C 落在AB 边上的点E 处，折痕为BD,则△AED 的周长为_______.
（第15题） （第16题）
16. 如图，已知一次函数y=kx-b 与y=31x 的图像相交于点A(a,1)，则关于x 的方程b x k =-)3
1(的解x=_______. 三、解答题（本大题共9小题，第17、18题每题4分，第19题6分，第20~23题每题8分，第24、25题每题11分，共68分）
17.已知4x 2=81，求x 的值. 18.计算: ())5(2714.330
--+-π 2
19.已知:如图，AC=BD，∠CAB=∠DBA.
求证:∠C=∠D.
20.已知正比例函数的图像过点P （3，-3）.
(1)求这个正比例函数的表达式;
(2)已知点A (a2, -4)在这个正比例函数的图像上，求a的值.
21.作图与探究:
如图，△ABC中，AB=AC.
(1)作图:①画线段BC的垂直平分线l，设l与BC边交于点H;
②在射线HA上画点D,使AD=AB,连接BD. （不写作法，保留作图痕迹）
(2)探究：∠D与∠C有怎样的数量关系？并证明你的结论.
22. 把三根长为3cm、4cm和5cm的细木棒首尾相连，能搭成一个直角三角形.
(1)如果把这三根细木棒的长度分别扩大为原来的a倍（a>1），那么所得的三根细木棒能不能搭成一个
直角三角形，为什么？
(2)如果把这三根细木棒的长度分别延长x cm （x>0），那么所得的三根细木棒还能搭成一个三角形吗？
为什么？如果能，请判断这个三角形的形状（锐角三角形、直角三角形还是钝角三角形），并说明理由.
23. (1) 观察被开方数a 的小数点与算术平方根a 的小数点的移动规律:
填空:x= _______ ， y=______.
(2)根据你发现的规律填空: ①已知2≈1.414，则200 =________，02.0=_______；
②m = 0.274，记m 10000的整数部分为x,则31x
=___________. 24.水果店张阿姨以每千克2元的价格购进某种水果若干千克，销售一部分后，根据市场行情降价销售，销售额y (元)与销售量x (千克)之间的关系如图所示.
(1)情境中的变量有__________________.
(2)求降价后销售额y (元)与销售量x (千克)之间的函数表
达式;
(3)当销售量为多少千克时，张阿姨销售此种水果的利润
为150元?
25.如图，对于平面直角坐标系xOy中的点A和点P，若将点P绕点A顺时针旋转90°后得到点Q，则称点Q为点P关于点A的“垂链点”.
(1) △PAQ是__________三角形;
(2)已知点A的坐标为（0, 0），点P关于点A的“垂链点”为点Q
①若点P的坐标为（2, 0），则点Q的坐标为___________；
②若点Q的坐标为（-2, 1），则点P的坐标为___________；
(3)如图2, 已知点D的坐标为（3, 0），点C在直线y=2x上,若点C关于点D的“垂链点”在坐标轴上，试求点C的坐标.
参考答案
选择题
CBDD BAAB
填空题
1.±4
2. 2
3.小于
4.轴对称6.小于 6.√3 7.8 8.3 `解答题
17.±9/2
18.-7
19.证全等
20.（1）y=-x
（2）a=±2
21.（1）①垂直平分线正确②点D画对
（2）∠C+2∠D=90°（其他形式也可得分）
22.（1）能搭成直角三角形，通过勾股定理可证得。
（2）能搭成一个三角形，且为锐角三角形。
23.（1）0.1；10
（2）14.14；0.1414
（3）1/3
24.（1）x; y（或填销售额，销售量）
(2)y=(5/2)x+60
（3）第一种情况：降价前（0≤x≤40），利润为4x-2x=2x, 当2x=150时，x=75＞40（不合题意）
第二种情况：降价后（x＞40），利润为(5/2)x+60-2x=x/2+60
当x/2+60=150时，x=180
25.（1）等腰直角
（2）①(0, -2)
②(-1, -2)
（3）点C坐标（3,6）或（-3/2, -3）。