高中英语阅读理解科技类三
高考英语高中英语阅读理解习题及答案
一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it won't make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades.According to Rimac, most people will no longer own or operate their own cars in the future. Instead, vehicles will be shared, self—driving and electric. These changes are already starting. "There will be people who still want to own their cars and drive their cars and I am happy for that because that is our business," Rimac said. "Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore." Rimac's most recent car, the C—Two, comes off the production line next year.Rimac is well aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries, and says in the next 20 years driving as we know it may exist mainly as a hobby. "I really believe that humanity goes for things that make sense." he told Newsweek. "If you look at 1.3 million people dying every year on the roads, if you look at the impact it has on economies based on traffic jams and time lost, it's so much of a negative impact to society that I think such a huge benefit can be gained if people stop driving.""Let's look into the future. You are standing in front of the choice of either investing a huge amount of your money in buying a hunk of metal and plastic for 30, 40, 50 thousand dollars, or you have the convenient option of paying as you go, the car picks you up in a few minutes, it's a nice environment and you spend a few dollars per day on your transport.""When you take the driver out of the car, transport can be much cheaper and you can use the time to do other things, instead of sitting behind a steering(转向)wheel and not doing anything else. So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one."（1）What can we learn from paragraph 2?A.The majority of people will purchase cars.B.Huge changes will take place in car industry.C.Driving cars will enjoy more popularity.D.The car business is gradually disappearing.（2）What is a major cause of the fast change in the car industry?A.The rapid growth of self-driving cars.B.The rise of shared vehicles.C.The increasing demand of customers.D.The advanced production line.（3）How does Rima feel about the future of self-driving cars?A.Uncertain.B.Confused.C.Optimistic.D.Frightened.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Self-driving cars meet new challenges.B.Self-driving cars avoid human errors.C.Possessing or driving cars won't be a must.D.Conventional cars will be completely replaced.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了由于自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起，在不远的将来人们不用再买车和驾车，此外自动驾驶车辆将给社会和环境带来巨大好。
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。
An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙).Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. "In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States," said the lead author John Mittermeier.And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals.This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world's biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation.Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, "I think there's a concern among conservationists (生态环境保护者) that people are losing touch with the natural world and that they're not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people's Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature."Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, "By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help."（1）What have researchers found about species searches?A.They strengthen ties among people.B.They affect the animal movements.C.They differ in language backgrounds.D.They reflect animal migration seasons.（2）What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3?A.To summarize the research process.B.To further support the research findings.C.To show the variety of species searches.D.To present researchers' heavy work load.（3）How does Mittermeier feel about the search results?A.Satisfied with Wikipedia's service.B.Worried about Wikipedia behavior.C.Amazed at people's care about nature.D.Sad about people's not getting close to nature.（4）Why does Richard think such search data is useful?A.It helps to aim at conservation targets.B.It increases interest in big data approaches.C.It keeps track of trends in biologists' work.D.It pushes people to solve difficult problems.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，牛津大学的一个国际研究小组发现，人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。
高中英语阅读理解经典试题(含答案)doc
一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack.She didn't share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (胆固醇) level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very real bad consequences.False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through the "nocebo effect (反安慰剂效应) ". Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention (干预) simply because they believe they will—that's the placebo effect (安慰剂效应). The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can experience harmful effects because they anticipate them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs. What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines (疫苗) . False concerns that the vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates.Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformation—many of whom refuse alternative therapies. "Though most people think cancer tumors are bad, they're actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells," one fake news story reads. It warns that prescription medications lead to the uncontrolled cell mutations (变异) .Silicon Valley needs to face this problem. I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. Meanwhile, journalists should do a better job of spreading accurate information.（1）We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.A. the woman paid little attention to her daily dietsB. the unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the woman's heart attackC. the symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the womanD. the woman didn't take the prescription due to fake medical news（2）According to the passage, the placebo effect functions because patients ________. A. neglect necessary treatment B. discontinue the harmful drugsC. believe the benefits of an interventionD. suffer more side effects（3）What does the author mean by claiming that "he is not a free-speech lawyer" in the lastparagraph?A. He is a lawyer very easy to speak to.B. He is good at speaking because of his job.C. He is available to give a speech on the law.D. He is very cautious when speaking something（4）The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A. remind us to take medication as prescribedB. warn us against fake medical news on the InternetC. encourage journalists to report more positive news eventsD. teach us how to distinguish fake medical news on the Internet【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤力。
高中英语阅读理解最新高考试题精选
一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Gene technology to benefit peopleAmong all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.（1）What does "these two killers" in the second paragraph refer to?A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.（2）What's the main idea of the third paragraph?A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.C. Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby.D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.（3）In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.B. Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.（4）What is the main purpose of writing this passage?A. Expressing the writer's idea that gene technology will benefit peopleB. Telling people the advantages of gene technologyC. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit peopleD. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。
高中英语应用文写作——科技类话题
一．词块准备1．with the development of science and technology 随着科技的发展2．surf the Internet 网上冲浪3．have an easy access to 容易接触到4．chat online 在线聊天5．make efriends 交网友6．keep in touch with 与……保持联系7．have a great effect on 对……产生很大影响8．make a great difference 起很大作用9．change one’s life改变某人的生活10．benefit from ... 得益于，从……获益11．relate to/be linked to 与……有关联12．take the place of 代替13．devote oneself to 致力于14．come true 实现15．keep/catch up with 赶上16．electric books 电子读物17．enable sb.to do sth. 使某人能做某事18．take sth.into consideration/account 把某事考虑进去19．text message 手机短信20．play an important role in 在某方面起重要作用21．improve the quality of life for humans 提高人们的生活质量22．be addicted to 对……上瘾23．distract one’s attention分散某人的注意力24. send text messages 发手机短信25. make a video chat 视频聊天26. make a voice chat 语音聊天27. interact with family and friends 和亲友们互动联系28. stay connected with family and friends 与亲友们保持联系29. make and post a vlog 制作和发布视频播客30. to record and share my daily life with friends all over the world 记录和分享日常生活31. browse the Internet on their mobile phones 用手机上网32. stream videos 浏览视频33. use a search engine to look up for information 使用搜索引擎查询信息34.forward 转发35.receive likes / thumbs-up / give sb a thumbs-up 点赞36.give sb a thumbs-down 差评37.leave /make /post a comment 评论38.create an account 创建账号39.subscribe to one’s channel 订阅某人的频道40.sign up / register 注册41.confirm the WI-FI Password 确认无线密码42.pay bills from their mobile phones 用手机支付账单43.scan QR code to pay 扫码支付44.mobile payment 移动支付e strong passwords 使用强密码46.copy the file 复制文件47.a cyberbully 网络凌霸48.a troll 发帖子挑衅的人二．句型准备1．We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cellphones and the Web are widely used.我们现在生活在一个电视、手机和网络被广泛应用的信息时代。
(英语)高二英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析
（英语）高二英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解For top students from low-income families, the challenge of applying to colleges is particularly difficult. 1 in 4 deal with all of that—the writing, the studying, the researching and applying—completely on their own. One approach to make this whole process easier? Pair students up with an adviser.That's the idea behind CollegePoint, an initiative to help gifted students go to schools that match their intellectual(智力的)ability. When a high school student takes a standardized test—the PSAT, SAT or ACT——and they score in the 90th percentile, and their families make less than$80, 000 a year, they get an email from the program offering them a free adviser. The advisers listen, guide and answer students'questions.Connor Rechtzigel, an adviser in Minnesota, sees the importance of his role, for research shows that low-income students are far more likely to undermatch because they don't think they have what it takes to get in and because many don't even know what schools are out there. He helped high school senior Justice Benjamin, the first in his family to apply to college, think about what his ideal learning experience was. Finally, Justice narrowed in on smaller schools where he could study environmental science and made his final choice：Skidmore College in New York. He felt empowered by the process.Figuring out how to pay for college is a major part of what, CollegePoint advisers do. Nakhle, an adviser in North Carolina, is working with Hensley, an Ohio high school senior who can't get extra financial help from her family. They spent a lot of time comparing and analyzing her financial-aid award letters, which made her decision much clearer. Finally, the Ohio State University offered an option where she would pay nothing. Staying in-state wasn't her first choice, but it was the best option for her.（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.How CollegePoint works.B.The goal of CollegePoint.C.Ways to apply for a free adviser.D.The challenge of choosing colleges.（2）What prevents low-income students from attending proper colleges?A.Overestimating their abilities.B.Knowing little about colleges.ck of enough learning experience.D.Failure to get support from their families.（3）Why did Hensley finally choose the Ohio State University?A.She didn't want to stay far from home.B.Her favorite major was provided there.C.She would show her talents to the full.D.The university met her financial needs.（4）What is the best title for the text?A.How to Be a Financial AdviserB.Steps for Top Students to Select Ideal CollegesC.Advisers Help Poor Students Apply to Suitable CollegesD.CollegePoint—a Program Helping Students Score High【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的虚拟建议程序。
【英语】高三英语阅读理解易错剖析及解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解易错剖析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free.For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the bloodthirsty insects select their victims?The insects' tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows that when mosquitoes make their choices between potential victims, it all comes down to scent (气味).“Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,” says Karl-Martin Vagn Jensen, the head of research at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus University.According to Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what the scents in question are. But research does indicate that some scents are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.“All the lab employees rubbed petri dishes (培养皿) against their stomachs. In that way, their scents were put on the dishes, which were then put in a container full of mosquitoes,” he says. “The mosquitoes repeatedly landed on some of the petri dishes, but didn't go anywhere near the others.”Perhaps taking inspiration from popular fiction, there are also those who consider garlic as an excellent repellent (驱虫剂) against the winged bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this strategy may not be entirely fruitless. “As far as I know, there is no scient ific proof that eating garlic works. But there may be something to the theory that it's possible to mask scent with garlic,” he says. The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes. When the mosquito comes closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to decide whether to bite. But if it is confused by a repellent, it will never get that far.（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Be equal to.B. Be accessible to.C. Be harmful to.D. Be beneficial to.（2）What can we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes?A. Mosquitoes can be attracted by various scents.B. Some kinds of scents appeal to mosquitoes in particular.C. The lab employees use petri dishes to deposit their scents.D. Mosquitoes are arbitrary when it comes to different scents.（3）What is the main idea of the last Paragraph?A. A new strategy is used in researching repellents.B. Garlic is considered to be an excellent repellent.C. Using repellents is an effective way against mosquitoes.D. The inspiration against mosquitoes is from popular fiction.（4）Where is the text most probably taken from?A. Science fiction.B. A biography.C. A medical report.D. A research paper.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了为什么有些人经常受到吸血昆虫的攻击。
【英语】高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things.One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land.Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物学家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.Homer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs. Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition (过渡) from sea to land.Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods”. Science has alw ays thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it.Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋学家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Homer's theory to places where fossil deposits (沉积物) of the earliest tetrapods were found.According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.The creatures stranded in the pools wo uld have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UK's University of Bangor. As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food... the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (翻转) themselves back in the water.”As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge University's paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to Nature magazine, seemed unconvinced. “It's only one of many ideas for the origin of land-based tetrapods, any or all of which may have been a part of the answer,” she said.（1）Who first proposed the theory that fish might have gained limbs because of tidal pools?A. Alfred Romer.B. Charles Darwin.C. Hannah Byrne.D. Steven Balbus.（2）Why were tides stronger 400 million years ago than they are today according to Steven Balbus?A. There were larger oceans.B. Earth was closer to the moon.C. The moon gave off more energy.D. Earth was under greater pressure.（3）The underlined word “stranded” in Paragraph 8 probably means “________”.A. foundB. settledC. abandonedD. trapped（4）What is the focus of the article?A. The arguments over a scientific theory.B. The proposal of a new scientific theory.C. Some new evidence to support a previous theory.D. A new discovery that questions a previous theory.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，一些新的证据验证了先前人们的猜测理论：即海洋中的动物是因为潮汐的作用导致鱼类发展出四肢，迁徙到陆地的。
英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析
英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines. They are read around the campfire at night. They are randomly distributed from stand-alone booths. But what else?To revive (复兴)literature in the era of fast news and smartphone addiction, Short Edition, a French publisher of short-form literature, has set up more than 30 story dispensers (分发机)in the USA in the past years to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.Francis Ford Coppola, the film director and winemaker, liked the idea so much that he invested in the company and placed a dispenser at his Cafe Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month public libraries in some other cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles International Airport."Everything old is new again," said Andrew Nurkin, the director of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which is one of the libraries that set up the dispensers. "We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy among children and inspire their creativity.Here's how a dispenser works: It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one minute, three minutes or five minutes. When a button is pushed, a short story is printed. The stories are free. They are chosen from a computer category of more than 100,000 original submissions by writers whose works have been evaluated by Short Edition's judges, and transmitted over a mobile network. Offerings can be tailored to specific interests, like children's fiction or romance. Short Edition gets stories for its category by holding writing contests.Short Edition set up its first booth in 2016 and has 150 machines worldwide. "The idea is to make people happy," said Kristan Leroy, director of Short Edition, "There is too much unhappiness today."（1）What do we know about the stories sent by dispensers?A.They are expensive.B.They are short in form.C.They can be read on smartphones.D.They are mainly taken from magazine literature.（2）Where can you find the popularity of story dispensers in America?A.In paragraph 3.B.In paragraph 4.C.In paragraph 5.D.In paragraph 6.（3）Which is the main purpose of setting up the dispensers according to Andrew Nurkin?A.To get rid of people's smartphone addiction.B.To reduce the financial stress of libraries.C.To make people have access to literature.D.To advertise the network literature.（4）What is the best title for the text?A.Online Reading: a Virtual TourB.Short Edition, a French PublisherC.Everything Old Will Be Popular AgainD.Taste of Literature, at the Push of a Button【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们可以通过多种途径读到小说，例如书籍、杂志等。
科技英语阅读李健答案
科技英语阅读李健答案【篇一：科技英语阅读(李健版)翻译u3】物的适应性植物为了生存也必须像人类和动物一样适应周边的环境。
生存就意味着竞争，我们很难想象植物之间的竞争，但它往往又存在的。
首先，不同的植物之间会争夺阳光、空气、土壤和水。
其次，植物也会与那些吃它或者威胁到它生存环境的人类和动物竞争。
再次，植物所处的环境也可能也是有敌对性的或者不利于植物生长的。
怎样才能有足够的阳光、水分、空气和土壤？气温的冷热就是植物生长的主要因素吗？光对于植物来说是最基本的，尤其是对于绿色植物来说。
绿色植物在光下能制造养分——这是一种被称为光合作用的过程，而光也能影响水分蒸发的速率和花的形成。
温度也是必须考虑的因素。
对于大多数植物来说，所处的温度低于一度或者高于四十三度都将对其造成严重的损伤甚至死亡。
而温度也直接影响了种子的萌芽以及开花，当然温度也决定了它们的地理分布。
没有水植物也是无法生存的。
有些植物的生长过程需要大量的水分，因此潮湿的空气、大量的降水以及溪流湖泊和湿润的土壤对于植物都是重要的。
大多数植物需要有足够空气。
大气中所包含的一些必要的气体包括：氧气、二氧化碳、水蒸气和氮气。
空气移动所产生的风对于植物也有很大影响。
风有助于传播花粉、孢子和种子从而将它们播种在各种地方，但强风也有可能折断或者损害植物，尤其是大树。
而大风吹走了一些有养分的土壤，也会加快水分的蒸发甚至使植物缺水。
土壤对于陆生植物来说是必不可少的。
大部分植物生长在自然土壤里：其中包含着它的湿度、酸度、矿物成分、含氧量。
植物生长也会受到其他竞争生物的影响。
它必须能适应寄生菌、饥饿的鸟类、牛羊等食用叶子的动物，但植物也需要动物帮助传播花粉以及播洒种子。
有树叶和枝干的树以及灌木向我们展示了它们的适应性，这也告诉了我们植物是怎样获得最大量的光和空气的。
和那些山毛榉树、榆树、橡树、苹果树和栗子树一样，它们有一些芽最初是垂直生长的然而另一些却变成了水平生长。
为了能得到最多的阳光，一些垂直生长的枝芽会螺旋缠绕生长以至于不会遮挡到自己下边的叶子。
2020-2021高考英语综合题专练∶阅读理解及答案解析
一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. The new software will allow researchers and wildlife conservationists to significantly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published in Science Advances.For species(物种)like chimpanzees which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior taken from short-term field research can only tell us so much," says Dan Schofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University's Private Models Lab, School of Anthropology. "By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term."The computer model was trained using over 10 million images(影像):from Kyoto University s Primate Research Institute(PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individual a wide range of poses, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality. "Access to this large video file has allowed us to use deep neural networks to train models to a degree that was previously not possible," says Arsha Nagrad, co-auther of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineer Science, University of Oxford." Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to videos with limited manual intervention(人工干预), saving hours of time."The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve(解决)a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.（1）What is the purpose of developing the new soft?A.To save wildlife researchers' time spent in the labs.B.To keep track of wildlife conservationists' behaviors.C.To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.D.To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.（2）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Getting photos.B.Analyzing videos.C.A powerful machineD.The new AI software.（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A.The working principle of the new software.B.Some limitations of using the new software.C.The unique advantages of the new software.D.Controversial attitudes to the new software.（4）What can be known from the last paragraph?A.Technology advance is the final goal of scienceB.The new software won't just be applied to chimpanzees.C.AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.D.The application of the new technology isn't easy.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的人工智能软件，这种软件可以识别和追踪黑猩猩的面孔,大大节省了研究者和野生动物保护者的时间，而且它还可以应用到其他的物种研究。
英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析
英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1 .阅读理解Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines. They are read around the campfire at night. They are randomly distributed from stand-alone booths. But what else?To revive (复兴)literature in the era of fast news and smartphone addiction, Short Edition, a French publisher of short-form literature, has set up more than 30 story dispensers ( 分发机)in the USA in the past years to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.Francis Ford Coppola, the film director and winemaker, liked the idea so much that he invested in the company and placed a dispenser at his Cafe Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month public libraries in some other cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles International Airport."Everything old is new again," said Andrew Nurkin, the director of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which is one of the libraries that set up the dispensers. "We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy among children and inspire their creativity.Here's how a dispenser works: It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one minute, three minutes or five minutes. When a button is pushed, a short story is printed. The stories are free. They are chosen from a computer category of more than 100,000 original submissions by writers whose works have been evaluated by Short Edition's judges, and transmitted over a mobile network. Offerings can be tailored to specific interests, like children's fiction or romance. Short Edition gets stories for its category by holding writing contests.Short Edition set up its first booth in 2016 and has 150 machines worldwide. "The idea is to make people happy," said Kristan Leroy, director of Short Edition, "There is too much unhappiness today."(1) What do we know about the stories sent by dispensers?A.They are expensive.B.They are short in form.C.They can be read on smartphones.D.They are mainly taken from magazine literature.(2) Where can you find the popularity of story dispensers in America?A.In paragraph 3.B.In paragraph 4.C.In paragraph 5.D.In paragraph 6.(3) Which is the main purpose of setting up the dispensers according to Andrew Nurkin?A.To get rid of people's smartphone addiction.B.To reduce the financial stress of libraries.C.To make people have access to literature.D.To advertise the network literature.(4) What is the best title for the text?A.Online Reading: a Virtual TourB.Short Edition, a French PublisherC.Everything Old Will Be Popular AgainD.Taste of Literature, at the Push of a Button 【答案】(1) B ⑵A(3) C(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们可以通过多种途径读到小说，例如书籍、杂志等。
(英语)高中英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
（英语）高中英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解As the days get shorter and the chilly weather rolls in, we all want to curl up in a blanket and hibernate until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it's cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmental data from the university's Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What's more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.If you're getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health."We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients' scores on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime," Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study's lead author, told The Huffington Post. "People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that."（1）What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1?A.Realized the benefits of sunshine.B.Avoid hibernating in springtime.C.Curl up in a blanket in cold weather.D.Enjoy sunshine even in cold weather.（2）The underlined word "soar" in Paragraph 5 most probably means " "?A.Rise sharply.B.Vary unstably.C.Drop slightly.D.Change greatly.（3）What does the passage say about the research done by BYU?A.It is done on normal adults of various ages.B.It is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher alone.C.It concludes the sunshine means happiness.D.It finds that temperature affects mental health.（4）What can be inferred from the passage?A.Lower vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energeticB.The research findings are inconsistent with the popular belief.C.The more sunshine we get, the less excited we are likely to feel.D.The link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：阳光照射是影响心理健康结果的最重要的天气因素。
河南省信阳市高级中学高考高中英语阅读理解专题及答案
一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple's Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that "could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines." But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children?Some researchers in favor of the robots don't see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today's robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create "a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that." What is the point of this, exactly? What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn't even know it is neglecting you?This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures "say" or squeak, they don't understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don't know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.What is also troubling is that children take robots' behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don't work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem (自尊). In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that "feel."（1）How are the new social robots different from Siri?A. They are intended to teach children how to talk.B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.C. Their main function is to evaluate children's personality.D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.（2）In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.A. are deeply connected with human beingsB. are unable to build a real relationship with childrenC. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beingsD. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children（3）The underlined phrase "essential equipment" in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.A. emotionB. painC. fearD. thinking（4）Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionA. B.C. D.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。
高考英语专题复习 阅读理解(含答案)
高考英语专题复习阅读理解(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.The results show that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Latvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm.James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due to improvements in nutrition and healthcare. "An individual's genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role," he added.A little extra height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. "Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy," he said. "This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease among taller people."But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many African countries causes concern, says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds."One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,"said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential(潜力)in terms of height.Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications "How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in," he said. "If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come."（1）What does the global study tell us about people's height in the last century?A. The increase in people's height has been quickening.B. The increase in women's height is bigger than in men's.C. There is a remarkable difference across continents.D. There has been a noticeable increase in most countries.（2）What does Elio Riboli say about taller people?A. They enjoy an easier life.B. They tend to live longer.C. They risk fewer deadly diseases.D. They have greater expectations in life.（3）What does the underlined word "reversed" in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Slowed down.B. Gone upwards.C. Changed to the contrary.D. Come to life again.（4）What does James Bentham suggest we do?A. Ensure children's proper nutrition and healthcare.B. Improve the economic situation of some countries.C. Watch the global trend of increasing height closely.D. Attach great importance to environmental protection.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，全球研究调查了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。
科技英语阅读课文翻译-Unit3
Unit 3当所以人的朋友，是私人的事情吗脸谱网有一个重要的隐私人员，但是我怀疑他将从现在存在10年。
那不是因为脸谱不顾一切去掉隐私保护，但由于脸谱和其他社交网站的普及促进了共享个人的一切事物，消除了从公共分离出私事的结点。
由于共享的个人信息的范围扩展到，几个朋友一起归入脸谱的许多杂项的个人的“朋友”标签中，披露的事情成为很常态和私人的事情变得古怪和不合时宜。
脸谱的年轻成员，是那些高中生或者大学生，以及脸谱开始出现在校园里的时候那些舒适共享任何东西分应届毕业生。
它的老成员是仅仅在2006年打开网络工作场所后加入的。
任何人都调整到一个新的善于自我表达超过沉默的价值体系。
脸谱表示它有1.75亿会员，是世界上最大的社会网络。
但在美国，大多数成员都还比较年轻。
脸谱提供广告给5440万成员的目标，且不分年龄人人共享。
但是，如果广告客户想缩小它的目标观众到那些25岁或更老的，数量就会下降到2880万。
它缩小到30或以上岁数的人，脸谱只有仅仅提供2030万。
许多超过30 岁的人尚未注册，因此脸谱有一个惊人的增长机会。
每个星期，新成员是在美国以百万和全球范围会员和个人网络的增长，似乎不受公司在其短暂的五年历史的失态的影响。
其中的一个实例是在二月，当它与它的服务条款拨弄时。
新的语言似乎断言脸谱“不可撤销”的权利是去保留和使用一个成员的个人信息。
即使成员已经关闭了他或她的脸谱帐户，也应该多一点编辑。
这个强烈抗议是大声的，仅仅一些成员需要增加他们的声音去创建一个喧嚣声，然后脸谱恢复旧的语言。
几天后，它为公司和另一项权利和责任的草案，提供了一个草案原则，对将被批准的成员。
脸谱提供给成员很多隐私选项。
我算43个可以调整的设置，不包括一堆限制的、可以看出一个人的脸谱朋友安装软件应用程序的信息。
脸谱的默认设置是为在某些方面的新的帐户保护用户。
例如，在一个人的个人资料只限于朋友和其他人的学校，工作场所或地理网络。
它不是朋友的朋友访问。
科技类话题的英语作文高中
科技类话题的英语作文高中With the rapid development of technology, our lives have been greatly changed. Technology has brought us convenience, efficiency, and entertainment. However, it also brings us challenges and risks. In this essay, I will discuss the impact of technology on our lives and the challenges it brings.Firstly, technology has greatly improved our lives. With the development of the internet, we can easily access information from all over the world. We can learn new things, communicate with people from different countries, and shop online. Moreover, technology has brought us convenience in many aspects of our lives. For example, we can use smartphones to pay for goods and services, book a taxi, and order food delivery.Secondly, technology has greatly improved efficiency in many fields. In the medical field, technology has helped doctors to diagnose diseases and treat patients moreaccurately and efficiently. In the business field, technology has helped companies to improve theirproductivity and reduce costs. For example, they can use software to manage their inventory, track their sales, and analyze their customer data.However, technology also brings us challenges and risks. One of the biggest challenges is the impact of technologyon employment. As technology becomes more advanced, many jobs are being replaced by machines and automation. Thiscan lead to unemployment and income inequality. Moreover, technology also brings risks to our privacy and security.As we share more personal information online, we are more vulnerable to cyber attacks and identity theft.In conclusion, technology has greatly changed our lives and brought us many benefits. However, we should also be aware of the challenges and risks it brings. We should use technology wisely and responsibly to ensure that it brings us more benefits than harm.。
高中英语阅读理解单选题30题
高中英语阅读理解单选题30题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of science.B. The discovery of a new planet.C. The development of technology.D. The future of space exploration.答案：B。
本题考查对文章主旨的理解。
文章主要围绕一个新行星的发现展开，A 选项科学的重要性文中未重点提及；C 选项技术的发展并非文章主要内容；D 选项太空探索的未来在文中没有着重论述。
2. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. The new planet is very similar to Earth.B. Scientists have already visited the new planet.C. The new planet is located far away from our solar system.D. The new planet has no atmosphere.答案：C。
文章中提到新行星位于远离我们太阳系的地方，A 选项文中未提及新行星与地球非常相似；B 选项科学家还未访问过新行星；D 选项文中未表明新行星没有大气层。
3. The author mentions that the new planet was discovered by...A. a telescope.B. a satellite.C. a spaceship.D. a computer program.答案：A。
文中明确提到新行星是由望远镜发现的，B 选项卫星、C 选项宇宙飞船、D 选项电脑程序在文中均未提及是发现新行星的工具。
4. What can we infer from the passage?A. There may be life on the new planet.B. The new planet is too hot for life.C. The new planet is made of ice.D. The new planet has a large ocean.答案：A。
(英语)英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析
（英语）英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to "read" human personalities.The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by sophisticated(复杂的)artificial intelligence algorithms(算法)may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and Published in the scientific Journal Frontiers in Neuroscience."Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality," wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team follows 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits(特点)with "well-established questionnaires" for determining personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.The researchers fed the data into their Al algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's major personality traits, such as "neuroticism, extraversion(外向)，agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as perceptual(感知的)curiosity", the scientists wrote."The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines," Loetscher said."People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Today's robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non-verbal information," Loetscher said in a statement quoted by Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals."The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain's Daily Mail newspaper.（1）What do the underlined words "peer into" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.understandB.stare atC.search forD.concern about（2）How did the researchers conduct the research?A.It was carried out in a lab.B.42 subjects' eye movements were recorded.C.The students' daily movements were tracked.D.Its subjects' personalities were determined by computer.（3）According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know?A.Robots and computers are socially conscious.B.People care less about improved, personalized services.C.Today's robots and computers can accustom to non-verbal information.D.The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Human Personality TraitsB.What Human Eye Movements AreC.Tell Personalities by Eye Movements.D.How Humans and Machines Interact【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。
(英语)高二英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧
（英语）高二英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines. They are read around the campfire at night. They are randomly distributed from stand-alone booths. But what else?To revive (复兴)literature in the era of fast news and smartphone addiction, Short Edition, a French publisher of short-form literature, has set up more than 30 story dispensers (分发机)in the USA in the past years to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.Francis Ford Coppola, the film director and winemaker, liked the idea so much that he invested in the company and placed a dispenser at his Cafe Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month public libraries in some other cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles International Airport."Everything old is new again," said Andrew Nurkin, the director of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which is one of the libraries that set up the dispensers. "We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy among children and inspire their creativity.Here's how a dispenser works: It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one minute, three minutes or five minutes. When a button is pushed, a short story is printed. The stories are free. They are chosen from a computer category of more than 100,000 original submissions by writers whose works have been evaluated by Short Edition's judges, and transmitted over a mobile network. Offerings can be tailored to specific interests, like children's fiction or romance. Short Edition gets stories for its category by holding writing contests.Short Edition set up its first booth in 2016 and has 150 machines worldwide. "The idea is to make people happy," said Kristan Leroy, director of Short Edition, "There is too much unhappiness today."（1）What do we know about the stories sent by dispensers?A.They are expensive.B.They are short in form.C.They can be read on smartphones.D.They are mainly taken from magazine literature.（2）Where can you find the popularity of story dispensers in America?A.In paragraph 3.B.In paragraph 4.C.In paragraph 5.D.In paragraph 6.（3）Which is the main purpose of setting up the dispensers according to Andrew Nurkin?A.To get rid of people's smartphone addiction.B.To reduce the financial stress of libraries.C.To make people have access to literature.D.To advertise the network literature.（4）What is the best title for the text?A.Online Reading: a Virtual TourB.Short Edition, a French PublisherC.Everything Old Will Be Popular AgainD.Taste of Literature, at the Push of a Button【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们可以通过多种途径读到小说，例如书籍、杂志等。
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高中英语阅读理解科技类三Imagine，one day，getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours，and then，after a full day of work，going back home to Beijing and having dinner there．Sounds unusual，doesn't it But it's not that unrealistic，with the development of China’s high—speed railway system．And that’s not a11． China has an even greater high—speed railway plan—to connect the country with Southeast Asia，and eventually Eastern Europe．China is negotiating to extend its own high·-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 1 0 to 15 years，eventually reaching London and Singapore．China has proposed three such projects．The first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore via Vietnam and Malaysia．Another could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan，and possibly to Germany．The third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe．If China’s plan for the high-speed railway goes forward，people could zip over from London to Beijing in under two days．The new system would still follow China’s high—speed railway standard．And the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour，almost as fast as some airplanes．China’s bullet train(高速客车)，the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou，already has theWorld’s fastest average speed．It covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hours．Of course，there are some technical challenges to overcome．There are so many issues that need to be settled，such as safety，rail gauge(轨距)，maintenance of railway tracks．So，it’s important to pay attention to every detail．But the key issue is really money．China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan ondomestic railway expansion．China prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capitalinvestment．Resources from those countries could stream into China to sustain development．It’11 be a win-win project. For other countries，the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business，tourism and so on，not to mention the better communication among those countries．For China，such a project would not only connect it with the restof Asia and bring some much-needed resources，but would also help develop China’s far west．We foresee that in the coming decades，millions of people will migrate to the western regions，where the land is empty and resources unused．With high-speed trains，people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for a11．And they’11 trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries．67．China’s new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because ．A．China will get much-needed resources and develop its western regions B．China and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various waysC．China will develop its railway system and communication with other countriesD．the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation，business and tourism68．According to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is ． A．technical issues B．safety of the system C．financial problems D．maintenance of railway tracks 69．Which of the following words best describes the author’s attitudetowards China’s high-speedrailway planA．Critical． B．Reserved． C．Doubtful D. Positive．70．Which of the following might be the best title for the passageA．New Railway Standards B．Big Railway DreamsC．High—speed Bullet Trains D．International Railway NetworkBHave you ever noticed the color of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall What do you think caused this change in color It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields．Components of SoftSoil is made up of a number of layers(层)，each having its own distinctive color and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket, limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质)，which is black and gives the topsoil its dark color．This layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and water．Below the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock．Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind，frost, and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering．Plants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoil．Most of the soil in Eastern Canada, for example, was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2, 000 years ago．Water Beneath the SoilSurface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes, ponds, and rivers．Once in the soil or rock，it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透)．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate．As water percolates downward，it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.Soil pHSoil can be acidic, neutral, or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rockfrom which it was formed, and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it．The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils．When fossil fuels are burned, gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases．67．The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called．A．1itter B．topsoil C．humus D．subsoil68．According to the text．which of the following is NOT trueA．Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface．B．The deeper layer of soil is darker in color than the surface soil．C．Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil．D．Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth．69．We can infer from the passage that the water table lies ．A．between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer B．in the subsoil layer above bedrockC．between the subsoil layer and bedrock D．in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil70．The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are ．A．rushed away into the river B．cleaned and purified by water C．destroyed and carried away by water D．mixed with water and become part of it67 .B 68 .C 69. D 70 .B67．B 68．B 69．C 70．D。