必修五第三单元导学案

登封实验高级中学英语导学案

Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future

词汇课-于茉莉

日期_____________________ 班级________________________ 姓名____________

教学目标

知识目标：掌握以F重点词汇及短语的意思及用法：impression, lack, switch, instan... 能力目标：

1 ?在具体语境中识别和运用重点词汇及短语。

2 ?能够用重点词汇及短语造简单的句子。

情感目标：学生在词汇的理解.记忆、学习过程中，培养他们的合作学习能力教学重难点

重点：学生能在具体的语境中识别和运用重点词汇及短语。难点：学生可以使用重点词汇造句。

■巩固默写

1. n.印象：感想：印记一v.给某人深刻印象一a，dj.给人深刻印象的

2?adi.时常发生的：连续不断的一adv.不断地3. adi.在前的：早先的

4?n .指导：向导：导游Vt.指引：指导

5?n.周围的事物：环境adi.周围的一Vt.围绕6. vt.容忍：忍受7. vi. & vt.缺乏：没有n.缺乏：短缺的东西8?n.调整；调节一vt.调整；使适应

9?v按：压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻一n?压力

10?vt ?系牢：扎牢?n?开关：转换vt.转换

12

?adj.乐观（主义）的-*（反义词）13. n.沙漠：荒原14. n.打字员一n.打字机

15. n?瞬间；片刻adj?立即的；立刻的一adv?马上26. _____ adj?贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的

二、课堂重点突破

1. impression m印痕；印记；印象；感想

have an impression of sth. / doing sth.对（做）某事有印象

make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象

make no impression on 对.. 无影响 / 效果

Your performance gave me a strong impression.

你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。

What I said made no impression on him.

我的话对他不起作用。 联想拓展

impress 认留下印象

impress sth.on / upon one's mind 把 ... 牢记在心上

She spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great __________ on her employer at the first time ? A. Influence B ? pressure C. Impression

D ? Effect

2. lack v.&n.缺乏；缺少的东西

注意：lack 作划词时，后常接ofo lack 作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动 词，作不及物动词时，后常接for 或in 。lack 不用于被动语态。 常用结构： lack sth. lack

for sth ? for/through lack of...

克鲁索看到一行人的脚印，他非常害怕。

缺少某物 缺少：需要 因缺

乏. He didn't go there because he lacked courage

? 他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。 The plant died for lack of water ?植物因缺水而死? They lacked for nothing.他们无

所需求。 联想拓展 lacking adj.匮乏的；不足的;没有的 be lacking in 缺乏(品质、特点等) She seems to be lacking in comm on sense ? 她似乎缺乏常识。

Though _ 宝鸡检测) https://www.360docs.net/doc/2f12927782.html,cked C ? Lacki ng

① 因为缺乏兴.趣这次旅行被取消了。

The trip was can celled through ______

② 他缺乏信心。He ______________.

3. sight n.视力；

常用结构： lose sight of catch sight of sth./sb ? at first sight at (the) sight of out of

sight be in sight Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。 Last summer we had

seen the sights of Beijing ? 去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。 Crusoe was frightened at the sight of a man's footprint.

in common sense. money, his parents managed to send him to university. (2010-01-陕西

B. lacking of D ? Iacked in

视觉；看见；光景，奇观；名胜

看不见；忘记；失去

看见某物/人 初看之下；乍看起来 一看见就 看不见 看得见，在眼前

For miles around me there was no thing but a desert, without a single plant or tree _______ ?

A.in sight B? on earth

C? at a distanee D? in place

我们失去了许多珍贵的动物。

We _______________ several precious animals.

4.require vt.需要；要求；命令

常用结构：

require that+主语+（should）+动词原形需要某人做某事

require sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事

require sth. （of sb.）要求（某人）某事

I will do everything that is required of me.

凡是要求我的事，我都会办到。

The situation requires that I （should） be there?

形势需要我去那里。

温馨提示

require后接宾语从句时，宾语从句必须用should do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。另外，表示"需要”，且是物作主语时，后接动词ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义，可以等于不定式被动形式；在这一点上，need和want用法相同。

The house requires mending.

=The house requires to be mended.房屋需要维修。

All cars require servicing regularly.

所有汽车都需要立期检修。

They required him to keep it a secret.

他们要求他对这事保密。

（Din competition, women are required ____ s ome of their exercises ______ music. A? perform; to

B.to perform; to

C.performing; with D? to perform; by

?All the people present agreed that the matter required _______ ?

A. to look into B? being looked into

C. to be looked D? looking into

5.assist vt.&vi.帮助；援助；参与;出席

常用结构：

assist sb. in/with sth.帮助（某人）某事

assist sb. in doing sth.帮助（某人）做某事

assist sb. to do sth. 帮助（某人）做某事

assist with 帮助（照料，做）：在......上给予帮助

I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.有机会我愿随时帮你。

l z m afraid I can't assist you, you have to go and see the manager.

我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。

The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free.有空时校长会帮忙做很多事。

①___________________________________ The young nurse was very nervous when she in her first operation?

@A team of nurses ____ the doctor ____ performing the operation.

③She employed a woman to ____her _____ the housework?

④Good glasses will ____ you _____ read ?

6. take up 从事；占（时间、空间、注意力等）；继续

This table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地方。 She has taken up a job as a teacher.她当上老师了 ?

This chapter takes up where the last one off ?本章继续上一章的内容。 联想拓展 take off 脱掉（衣服等）：起飞；打折：作为折扣而减价

take over 接管；获得对......的控制或管理 take apart 拆开：分开后将......分成许多部分 take for

把......视作：误认为

take...for granted 认为......是理所当然 take down 写下：记下 take back 收回（诺言）

① In Singapore, a southeastern Asian country, the Chinese people _____ the largest percentage of its population, so you can speak Chinese there ? A. make up B ? take up C ? hold up

D ? turn up

② Since the 2008 Olympic Games Beijing has taken _a new look everywhere ? A.Up B. on C. over D. Off

7. sweep up 打扫；横扫

These students are sweeping up dead leaves.这些学生们正在扫（拢）落叶。 He ran forward and swept her up into his arms.他跑上前去一把将她抱在怀里? The whole country was swept up in the excitement.全国上下都沉浸在兴奋的气氛中。

We'd better sweep up all the bits of broken glass quickly.我们最好快点把玻璃瞪子扫干净? 联想拓展 sweep aside sweep away sweep off sweep out sweep over ? After the party,

the house needed ___________________________________ ?

②The leaves were ______ into the air by the strong wind ?

三、课文重点句子

1. This is similar to the "jet lag" you get from flying,..?这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相 似，?… when flying 是when you are flying 的省略形式。在有些表示时间、条件、方式或让步的状 语从句

中，如果谓语包含动词be,从句的主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是It,通常 可以把从句中的主语和be 动词省略。

When asked where's the toilet, the waitress showed the way politely to the guest ?

当被问及厠所在哪里时，服务员非常有礼貌地给客人带路。

Until finishing the homework, the child was allowed to watch the cartoon film ? 直至完成作业，小孩

才允许看卡通片。

If necessary, you can call help from the police ?有必要时，你可以向警方求助。

① 即使被打死，他仍然保守秘密。 ② 可能的话，到机场来接我。

③ 过马路时，孩子们被要求停下观望，再手牵手通过。

2. As a result, I suffered from "time lag".

放/堆到一边;不予理会

扫清;消灭;彻底消除

扫淸;吹上;大量淸除 扫掉;淸除

将??????一扫而光;（某种感情）掠过（?

as a result结果，因此

He didn't work hard? As a result, he failed his exam?

as a result of作为…的结果，由于

He was late as a result of the heavy snow.

因为吃了些坏鱼，他第二天早晨感到胃痛。(as a result of )

3.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以容忍。

(1) 1 have a lot of homework to do?我有很多功课要做。

(2)The job his boss asked him to do is hard to finish in such a short time.老板要求他做的那份工作很难能在这么短的时间内完成。

在运用不定式时，我们常发现用主动来代替被动的现象：

⑴例1中，to do是来修饰前而的名词homework的，作后宜泄语，解释为"要做的功课〃，理应用被动的结构，但当句子的主语I与不左式中所包含的动词do有"主谓关系”的时候，我们常用主动来代替被动。

(2)例2中,to finish是作状语的。当不定式to finish和句子的主语the job之间构成了"动宾关系"时，即finish the job,我们也可以用主动来代替被动。又如：The river is dangerous to swim in.(不泄式的动词swim in和句子的主语the river构成了动宾关系，就可以用主动的结构。)

I am going to the supermarket? Would you have anything to be taken?(我扌T算去超市。你有东四要带吗？)很显然，这里的不立式中的动词take的动作执行者是I,而不是句子的主语you,因此它们没有构成“主谓关系”，就要用被动，即用to betaken来修饰anything.

翻译句子

(1)这把椅子坐上去很舒服。

(2)这些穷人们没钱买食物，也没地方居住。

登封实验高级中学英语导学案

Book 5 life in the future

语法课-于茉莉

日期_____________________ 班级 ________________________ 姓名____________

教学目标：知识目标：学习过去分词做宾语补足语，

能力目标：能够正确运用该语法

情感LI标：学生能够克服在学习语法过程中所遇到的困难，积极主动向老师和其他同学求教

教学重难点：该语法的正确应用

过去分词做状语

过去分词做状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，句子主语与过去分词所表示的动作之间存在逻借上的被动关系。过去分词作状语时一般与英他成分用逗号隔开，可以说明动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步情况等。

1?表示时间

When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beaut讦ul?—Seen from the..?

Don't speak until you are spoken to. — Don't speak until spoken to.

总结：_____________________________________________________

2、表示原因

Because the boy was greatly touched by his teacher's words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates?—Greatly touched by the teacher's words...

Because he was surprised at what happened, Tom didn't know what to do.— Surprised at what happened???

总结：_____________________________________________________

3、表示条件

If we were given more time, we could do it much better. —Given more time...

If it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor. Heated to a high temperature...

总结：_____________________________________________________

4、表示让步

Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. —Though warned of the storm...

Even if l〃m invited, I won't take part in the party — Even if invited..?

总结：_____________________________________________

5、表示方式、伴随

The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students。—The teacher entered the classroom ,followed by a group of students?

The teacher stood there and was surrounded by the students. —The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.

弓混淆

1.过去分词作状语表示 ___ 的和/或_____ 的动作，相当一个状语从句。

2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意语态要一致。 __ from upside, you will find a lily which is in full bloom（盛开）in the sea?from upside, it looks like a lily which is in full bloom（盛开：）in the sea?亦為M的主语和分词的逻辑主语是主动关系，用_____________________ ,

句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是被动关系，用_________ O

温馨提示：

（1）过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when、while、if、unless、until等，以使句意表达的更清楚。

Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easily forgotten.

When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.

（2）过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与句子的主语保持一致（现在分词作状语同样如此），否则需要加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。

The workers worked even hard, their living conditions greatly improved?

Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems?