商务英语口译Unit2PriceandPayment

the return On the alter native assets. What determ ines the CUrre nt PriCe the n is the expectedimpact On world trade. But, it SayS the results are Uneven, With the Wealthier CoUntries gen erally doing worse tha n the poorer CoUn tries.世贸组织说，全球的金融危机正在对世界贸易产生负面影响。

不过，世贸组织说，影响结果并不平衡，总体来说富有国家比贫穷国家情况更糟。

The report SayS the financial market turbulence has ConSiderabIy reduced economic growth PrOjeCt ions for some major developed markets and has clouded the PrOSPeCtS for world trade next year. It SayS the U.S. SUbPrime mortgage and banking CriSeS are likely to further depress global trade growth.报告指出，金融市场的动荡在很大程度上减少了一些主要发达市场的经济增长预测，给明年的世界贸易前景蒙上阴影。

报告说，美国的次贷危机和银行业危机可能会使全球贸易增长陷入进一步的衰退。

It expects economic growth in the United StateS will be flat this year and will have repercussi OnS elsewhere, especially in EUrOPe tater in the year.世贸组织预计，今年美国的经济增长乏力，并将影响其他地方，尤其是今年晚些时候将波及欧洲。

WTO Senior econo mist. MiChaeI Fin ger. SayS the Stre ngth of the oil and commodity PriCeS is ano ther worry ing factor.世贸组织资深经济学家迈克尔•芬格对记者说，另外一个令人担忧的因素是石油和商品价格的坚挺。

"The oil import ing CoUn tries will have to adjust ro the much higher cost of en ergy and this erodes the PUrChaS ing power of Con SUmerS and in CreaSeS the cost for bus in ess and this will have a further adverse effect," he said.他说：“石油进口国必须做出调整，适应更高的能源成本，因为这侵吞了消费者的购买力，增加了商业成本，并将产生进一步的反作用。

”The WTO reports world trade will ContinUe to slow markedly next year, but not all regiOnS will suffer. It notes Mexio and Canada, WhiCh are closest to the United States. will feel the brunt of the slowdow n. BUt repercussi OnS will be smaller among EUrOPea n CoUn tries that trade With each other.世贸组织的报告说，明年的世界贸易将显著放缓，但并非所有地区都受到影响。

报告说，离美国最近的墨的欧洲国家的影响将较小。

PoPUIatio n. Self-SUffiCie ncy decli ned Steadily and WaS IeSS tha n 40 Per Cent by 1939. After the War agricultural OUtPUt rose steadily, and BritiSh farmers in CreaSed their market Share from 40 Per Cent to a Peak of 70 Per Centin the 1970s. ThiS WaS achieved beh ind PrOteCt ionist barriers. When Britain joined the EUrOPean EConomic CommUnity its farmers Were enCOUraged to PrOdUCe large surpluses, WhiCh had to be dumped On the world's markets. The EUrOPea n Union then imposed PrOdUCtion restraints, taking Iand out of crop PrOdUCtion. ConSeqUently BritiSh SeIf-SUffiCiency declined to 60 Per Cent today - still a high figure in historic terms.如果英国单方面决定将自给率提升至70% —75% ,它就只能重新引入国家保护主义壁垒，限制廉价进口。

而此时，世界其他国家和地区都在寻求削减农业补贴。

如果实施这项政策，英国就只能退出欧盟，从而带来影响深远的经济后果。

If Britain, Unlaterally, decided to inCreaSe this to 70-75 Per Cent it would have to reintroduce natiOnal PrOteCtiOniSt barriers to restrict CheaP imports. ThiS would come as the rest of the world is Seek ing to reduce subsidies. If this policy Were PUrSUed Brita in would have to WithdraW from the EU, With profo Und econo mic Con SeqUe nces.然而，在欧洲市场一体化的背景下，英国的自给率实际更高：它能够以零关税从南欧购买因气候原因无法在本国种植的水果和蔬菜。

欧盟是粮食净出口国。

In the Context of the EUrOPean Single market, however, Britain is much more SeIf-SUffiCient, being able to PUrChaSe tariff-free fruit and VegetabIeS from SOUthern EUrOPe WhiCh would not grow here because of the climate. The EU is a net exporter of food.不过，尽管食品安全不是英国或欧洲的问题，却是许多发展中国家和地区的问题。

由于价格飙升，埃及和菲律宾等粮食净进口大国均面临经济和政治危机。

要解决供给不足的问题，欧盟在实施多年的限制后增加产出是明智的。

However, while food SeCUrity is not a BritiSh or EUrOPean issue, it is in many PartS of the developing world. Countries SUCh as EgyPt and the PhiIiPPines, large net importers of food, face economic and political CriSeS as a result of soaring prices. It makes SenSe for the EU to in CreaSe OUtPUt after years of restra int to address the ShOrtfall.可以立即采取的措施有三个：应当废除所有对产量的限制措施；应当紧急重审将土地用途从粮食转为生物燃料的计划；应当扭转粮食研究支出的下滑趋势。

the dow nward trend in expe nditure On food research should be reversed.较富裕的国家可以以各种方式做出反应。

它们可以向较贫穷的邻国提供资金，使其能够充分利用现有技术；建设至关重要的基础设施，用于贮水和成功贮藏收获的作物；投资转基因食品等新技术的研究，以生产能抵御极端天气的作物。

RiCher CoUntries Can respOnd in VariOUS ways. They Can PrOVide funds to their poorer n eighbors to en able them to exploit exist ing tech no logy, Create vital in frastructure for the Con SerVati On Of Water and SUCCeSSfUI StOrage of harvested crops and in VeSt i n research into new tech no Iogies, SUCh as gen etically modified foods, to PrOdUCe crops that Can cope With Weather extremes.优先考虑的重点，不应当是重新采取食品安全拥护者提出的保护主义措施，而是减少食品贸易壁垒，让那些必须进口的国家(包括英国和许多发展中国家)能从别处迅速购买自己的必需品，而不会遭到惩罚。

Rather tha n return to PrOteCtiO nism, WhiCh is What those ChamPi Oning food SeCUrity are SUggeSting, the PriOrity should be to reduce barriers to trade in food, to enable those CoUntries that have to import (including Britain and many in the developing world) to PUrChaSe their n eeds from elsewhere, expeditiously and WithOUt Pen alty.InterPretatiOn Skill即席演讲ImPrOmPtU SPeeCh口译是以口头形式将信息从一种语言形式转换成另一种语言形式并表达出来的交际活动。