2020上海徐汇高三英语一模

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2020年上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2020年上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHow to Look at ShapeTake a seat at the virtual(虚拟的) table. At our new, monthly membership program, you'll join MoMA staff and fellow members for lively discussions about our collection and exhibitions. Ask questions, share your thoughts, and broaden the mind. A live Q&A, with Michelle Kuo and Anny Aviram, about shape and its role in MoMA's collection is also arranged.Draw, Write, and Connect with OthersExperiment with drawing and writing exercises as ways to connect with others, even when physically distant, in this 45-minute online workshop. This workshop is part of the Creativity Lab at Home plan. This session is led by Francis Estrada, Assistant Educator, and Hannah Fagin, Coordinator. Ifs open to anyone, but registration is limited and space is available on a first-come, first-served basis.Storytelling Through ArtThere are many ways to tell a story — through words through theater and dance, or through visual art, for example. Discover how artist Jacob Lawrence shared the history of an important event by combining words and art in a series of paintings calledThe Migration Series. For kids ages seven to fourteen. Parent participation is encouraged in this online event. Don' miss the opportunity to spend meaningful time with them.The Human ShelterIn 2016, MoMA opened Insecurities: Tracing Displacement and Shelter, an exhibition that examined how contemporary architecture arid design addressed ideas of shelter in light of global refugee(难民) emergencies. Danish Boris Benjamin Bertram documented the exhibition, and the result is a movie by him asking what makes a home, and, perhaps more importantly, when shelter becomes home. This online event is part of Member events.1.What is special about How to Look at Shape?A.It provides an interactive part.B.It is accessible to everyone.C.It is organized by Michelle Kuo.D.It focuses on MoMA's new collection.2.Which event is family-friendly?A.The Human Shelter.B.How to Look at Shape.C.Storytelling Through Art.D.Draw, Write, and Connect with Others.3.In which aspect might Bertram do well?A.Shelter design.B.Storytelling.C.Art education.D.Film-making.BMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.4. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous5. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition6. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.7. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesCWatching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about what's on your plate — it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome (新陈代谢综合征) - meaning at least three risk factors — which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrome — and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. But that's not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories - up to about 1,000 extra every month.8. What are the participants divided by?A. Medical history.B. Health condition.C. Physical activity.D. Eating speed.9. Which may be the result of the study?A. Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B. Normal and slow eaters don’t have metabolic illness.C. 89% of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D. Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.10. What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean?A. Tasting slowly.B. Digesting quickly.C. Eating greedily.D. Cooking carefully.11. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. The importance of eating speed.B. The advantage of eating slowly.C. The result of a Chinese study.D. Fast eating and overeating.DWatching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about what's on your plate — it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome (新陈代谢综合征) - meaning at least three risk factors — which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrome — and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. But that's not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories - up to about 1,000 extra every month.12. What are the participants divided by?A. Medical history.B. Health condition.C. Physical activity.D. Eating speed.13. Which may be the result of the study?A. Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B. Normal and slow eaters don’t have metabolic illness.C. 89% of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D. Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.14. What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean?A. Tasting slowly.B. Digesting quickly.C. Eating greedily.D. Cooking carefully.15. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. The importance of eating speed.B. The advantage of eating slowly.C. The result of a Chinese study.D. Fast eating and overeating.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASheffieldLincoln College of EnglishClasses for foreign students at all levels.3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.Open all year.Small class (at most 12 students).Library, language laboratory and listening center.Accommodation (住宿)with selected families.25 minutes from London.Course fees for English for one year are￡1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.1.This passage is probably taken from _______.A.an advertisementB.a noticeC.a posterD.a piece of news2.Who will be accepted by this college?A.Both foreign and native students.B.Only foreign beginners and the advanced.C.Foreign students from beginners to the advanced.D.Only foreign students advanced.3.While you stay there, who will take care of you?A.Your parents.B.Your classmates.C.The school where you study.D.The family you have chosen.BA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the FarWestern Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。

2020届上海市徐汇中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案

2020届上海市徐汇中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Children's MuseumFounded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children, today BCM is comprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments, masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn, a small cityscape（城市风光）lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.Children's Museum of ManhattanLooking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds? Then head to Inside Art, the current show up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits. It's ideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.DiMenna Children's History MuseumThe hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYC. Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.Staten Island Children's MuseumStaten Island Children's Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11, so you'll find immersive（沉浸式的）fun around every corner. Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.1. Which museum provides biology classes for kids?A. Brooklyn Children's Museum.B. Staten Island Children's Museum.C. Children's Museum of Manhattan.D. DiMenna Children's History Museum.2. What can kids do in DiMenna Children's History Museum?A. Play interesting games with great firefighters.B. Know about famous people's childhood lives.C. Run stores like adults in different small streets.D. Cook delicious local food with foreign athletes.3. Where can kids learn how to protect the environment?A. At Ladder 11.B. At the Block Harbor.C In Green Living Room. D. On a human-sized anthill.BThereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me to do what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit.Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the right opportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof.4. What was the author born to do according to the text?A. Be a basketball player.B. Act and perform.C. Make speeches.D. Teach people.5. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. Chance.B. Energy.C. Days.D. Laughter.6. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?A. To help others find their talents.B. To prove his decision was right.C. To inspire people to follow their dreams.D. To encourage people to set a goal.7. What can be the best tile for the text?A. Success Lies in Hard Work.B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important.C. The Two Important Days in Life.D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do.CIs homeschooling good or bad? That is a question that many parents ask themselves. In my opinion, homeschooled kids can give reliable answers.Kayla Murray, who lives inGreensboroNorth Carolina, started homeschooling almost eight years ago, after attending two local schools. “Homeschooling is school at home,” like the name says, but it’s not just that/ she says. “You're able to learn more and do more.”Having experienced learning at both school and home, Kayla says that she prefers the latter. “With homeschooling, I can do schoolwork in my pajamas, and no one cares,” she says, “you also have more chances. Earlier this year, my family and I were able to take a short vacation and go to an air show. My siblings and I get to take the day off for our birthdays. This year, I spent that time reading and playing the piano and guitar.”There are, however,drawbacksof being homeschooled, Kayla says, especially “the lack of people”. While she doesn't miss homework, al school, she did enjoy getting to see my friends every day.”Matthew Dimmette, also fromGreensboro, used to be a homeschooler. He now attends public high school. He says being homeschooled is quite different from going to public school. The differences depend on how you arc homeschooled and the things you do. “For me, it wasn't really different in terms of the classes but the school environment was a big change atter hearting at home. says Matthew.Talking about his homeschooling experience, Matthew says the best part of it was being able to learn what he wanted to. Yet the main disadvantage was that he couldn't do many experiments in homeschooling unless taking classes at different places. “My interest in science has been growing quickly in recent years, so I chose to go to public school,” he says.8. What does Kayla like about learning at home?A. She can spend her time more freely.B. She can always stay with her siblings.C. She can play the instruments she likes.D. She can celebrate her birthday at home.9. What does the underlined word “drawbacks” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Concerns.B. Reasons.C. Changes.D. Problem.10. Why did Matthew choose to go to public school?A. He wanted to make more friends.B. He wanted to do experiments in labs.C. He wanted to take all kinds of classesD.He wanted to experience the school environment11. What in the authors attitude cowards homeschooling?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Uninterested.D. Unclear.DSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”12. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.13. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.14. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.15. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市徐汇中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案

2020届上海市徐汇中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A. It was intended to solve medical problems.B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?A. Talented and caring.B. Independent and humorous.C. Responsible and patient.D. Polite and inspiring.BA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”4. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?A. Scientists have recreated new animals.B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.5. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.A. bring extinct animals back to lifeB. transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinctionD. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA6. Mike Archer thinks that ________.A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animalsB. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible7. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effectCSurfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money onsoftware toblocktheir employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.8. What does the University of Melbourne study mainlyshow?A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.C. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.D. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?A. Watching videos.B. Reading online news.C. Reading online novels.D. Playing online games.10. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.A. stopB. organizeC. protectD. separate11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.B. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.C. Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.DThe history of the flying car is almost as old as that of powered flight itself. It started with the Curtiss Autoplane of 1917, an awkward-looking machine with removable wings. It never left the ground. Later machines made it into the skies but failed to take off commercially. Money is now pouring into flying taxis. On March 30th Lilium, a German company that develops them, announced a merger with SPAC, an acquisition company that values it at $3. 3 bn -- a sign that investors think the business will fly.Thanks to better batteries and lightweight materials, some of them are ready to carry passengers. Up to 300firms are working on short-range battery-powered craft that take off and land vertically. Carmakers, tech companies and others are investing money into the field. The government isoffering a glide pathto certification.America's Federal Aviation Administration is engaged in the process with around 30 firms, says Natasha Santha of LEK, a consulting company.Midway between a cab and a helicopter, flying taxis have distinct advantages over both. Quiet electric motors allow them to operate frequent services. They require only a patch of concrete to land, unlike noisy helicopters, which face severe operating restrictions in most cities. They can fly four or five times faster than a cab can drive and do not get stuck in traffic. Prices can be kept low by ride-sharing. Joby, based inCalifornia, says its five-seater machine will enter commercial service in 2024. The firm calculates the initial cost of around $4 per person per mile may soon fall by 25%. A trip fromManhattanto JFK airport would then cost $30-40 per passenger.The real revolution will come when full autonomy takes out the cost of a pilot. Archer hopes to run such aircraft by 2028. They face fewer obstacles in the air than earth-bound cars do on the road; airliners mostly fly on autopilot as it is. Still, as one industry insider puts it, it is probably best to accustom passengers and regulators to airborne taxis before getting rid of the driver.12. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. The flying car can date back to the 1920s.B. Investors see the potential of the business of the flying car.C. The flying car never left the ground successfully in history.D. A German company has launched a new flying car into the market.13. What does "offering a glide path" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A. Giving the green light.B. Providing timely assistance.C. Presenting legal guidance.D. Conducting strict management.14. Which of the following is the strength of flying taxis?A. Costing as little as cabs.B. Saving passengers from the traffic jam.C. Reducing air pollution.D. Having no operating restrictions.15. What can be inferred about the flying taxis from the last paragraph?A. They will develop faster than cars.B. Passengers will quickly get used to taking them.C. The regulators will take measures to promote them.D. Autopilot flying taxis will probably replace those with pilots.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海徐汇教院附中高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2020年上海徐汇教院附中高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio PronIn April 1945,Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul KalanithiAt thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.To Killa Mockingbird, by Harper LeeSet in a smallAlabamatown in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) storyby Bess KalbBess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone fromBelarustoAmericato survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.1.What type of book is the first novel?A.Sci-fi.B.Biography.C.Detective books.D.History books.2.Which book explores life and death?A.To Kill a MockingbirdB.When Breath Becomes AirC.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These StreetsD.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story3.Who is the main character in the last novel?A.Bobby Bell.B.Bess Kalb.C.Bess’s mother.D.Bobby’s mother.BWhen 36-year-old J Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding, the only trouble he expected to have was his own ability to get back on the skateboard after such a long time. However, the 340-pound skateboarder soon realizedthatwas the least of his problems.Duran's problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard. He couldn't find anything for fat skaters. What Duran did find was a belief that plus-size people should not be skating. Determined to do something to change the image(形象) of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters. He knew that not only did he need to get back into it to prove people wrong, but he needed to create a safe space where others can haverepresentation as well.To encourage plus-size people to take part in the fun sport, Duran created a list of recommended products for fat skaters. He also hosted roller skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners.After an article about his thoughts in the San Francisco Chronicle, Duran received lots of messages from strangers thanking him for giving them the courage to take up skateboarding. He has also been contacted by some skateboarding brands offering to create larger clothing sizes and beenoffered free equipment by skating organizations like "Skate Like a Giri ".Though encouraged, Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to remove body image stereotypes(刻板印象).“I want to see more changes in communities. Maybe skate shops create a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters. Or boards are made in a variety of strengths and sizes—everyone is making thinner, lighter products, but sometimes we need those heavy-duty choices to stay available," he explains.For those hesitant of taking up their desired activity due to their body size, Duran has this to say:“Be kind to yourself. Just because you don't see it doesn't mean you can't be it.”4. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The skateboard.B. His hobby.C. His ability.D. The time.5. Why did Duran found Chub Rollz?A. To realize his childhood dream.B. To help plus-size people lose weight.C. To fight for the equal right for fat people.D. To change people's impression of the fat in sports.6. Which word can best describe Duran?A. Generous.B. Inspiring.C. Adaptable.D. Talented.7. Which is most likely Duran's belief?A. Everyone has a gift for sports.B.No one is too fat to enjoy sports.C. Fat people do deserve social concern.D. Skateboarding is most suitable for fat people.CJake Oldershaw and his daughter Mollie from Birmingham, Britain have asthma (哮喘). Mollie, 11, has required hospital treatment several times while Jake Says he always finds breathing more difficult when there is heavy traffic. Air quality has an enormous impact on their lives and both noticed a marked improvement during the spring lockdown because of the epidemic (疫情). Jake said, “During lockdown there was a noticeable difference in air quality. I didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period. These days you can feel the effects.”However, under current COVID-19 restrictions in the UK this winter, many people probably will have to work from home. The Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU) says while emissions (排放) have dropped this year because we've been travelling less and doing less, the expected use ofgas boilers to provide heating and hot water could rise by more than half.Heating accounts for nearly 37% of the UK's total carbon emissions. Modelling by the ECIU suggests a 56% increase in boiler usage this winter resulting in a 12% increase in emissions of carbon. The ECIU says that's enough to offset the last two years' worth of progress on reducing traffic emissions.Jess Ralston, author of the analysis for the ECIU, said, “Working from home and having increased gas use in the home could be really critical for air pollution and also climate change. The way we heat our homes needs to change if we are to get to net zero by 2050.”Jess Ralston said, “The increase in pollution from gas boilers expected this winter provides a graphic illustration (图解) of their forgotten role in air pollution. And it is a role set to continue without practical policies todecarbonize home heating. ”The government is set to publish its Heat and Buildings Decarbonisation Strategy in a few weeks which is expected to give details on plans to try to switch British homes to cleaner sources of heat.8. How did the spring lockdown in the UK affect Jake?A. He was cured of his asthma.B. He had to go to hospital for retreatment.C. He suffered a noticeable difficulty in study.D. He didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period.9. What is concerning the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit?A. The epidemic will become worse.B. Air pollution will get worse this winter.C. People may have to work from home longer.D. There is less energy for gas boilers in winter.10. What would Jess Ralston agree with?A. People prefer to work from home in winter.B. The government failed to protect the environment.C. People tend to ignore the harmful effect of home heating.D. The climate has suffered a lot from the epidemic this year.11. How to improve air quality during winter according to Jess Ralston?A. A warmer winter season.B. Less and less gas boilers.C. Practical plans from the government.D. Improved awareness of cutting down pollution.DThereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me todo what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit.Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the right opportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof.12. What was the author born to do according to the text?A. Be a basketball player.B. Act and perform.C. Make speeches.D. Teach people.13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. Chance.B. Energy.C. Days.D. Laughter.14. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?A. To help others find their talents.B. To prove his decision was right.C. To inspire people to follow their dreams.D. To encourage people to set a goal.15. What can be the best tile for the text?A. Success Lies in Hard Work.B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important.C. The Two Important Days in Life.D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-endmarket, according to Rafael Cascales, president of the Spain-China Tourism Association (ATEC). “It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the “all-included” culture. They enjoy culture, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Cascales in a recent interview with Xinhua.“They are younger, more women travel and they are more cosmopolitan (见多识广的).They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The old-fashioned large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,55he said.Speaking of the consumption pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, Cascales said, “The money they spend is distributed better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another.” In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they combine two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries." They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to compete with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.In 2017, Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors, 700,000 of them from China, a number which is estimated to rise to about 2.2 million by 2022.“We are ready; we have the infrastructure (基础设施) at every level, especially in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them,” Cascales noted.4. What are the features of the new Chinese tourists according to Cascales?A. They are cautious about spending money in Spain.B. They are likely to travel in smaller groups now.C. They are only interested in the sun and beach.D. They are mainly male visitors of middle age.5. What can we learn about the consumption pattern of new Chinese tourists?A. They will reserve flights and hotels with different companies.B. They will spend less money than tourists from other countries.C. They will travel abroad only during the off-peak seasons.D. They will spend the money in different cities.6. What is done to meet the demands of Chinese tourists?A. Local cultures in Spain are promoted.B. Well-furnished hotels are provided.C. Best and expensive items are offered for free.D. More shopping sites are constructed.7. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the tourism industry of Spain.B. To show Spain's desire to attract Chinese tourists.C. To describe the features of Chinese tourists.D. To advertise Spain as a top tourist destination.CA wife’s level of education positively influences both her own and her husband’s chances of having a long life, according to a new Swedish study.In the study, researchers from the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholmfound that a woman’s level of education had a stronger connection to the likelihood of her husband dying over education. What’s more, they discovered that a husband’s social class, based on his occupation, had a greater influence on his wife’s longevity(长寿) than her own class.“Women traditionally take more responsibility for the home than men do, and, as a result, women’s levels of education might be more important for determining lifestyles－for example, in terms of food choices－than those of men,” say Srs. Robert Erikson and Jenny Torssander of the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholm.The results show that a husband’s level of education does not influence his longevity, but that men with partners who had quit studying after school were 25 per cent more likely to die early than men living with women holding university degrees. In turn, those married to women with university degrees were 13 percent more likelyto die early than those whose wives had post-graduate qualifications.According to the researchers, a woman with a good education may not marry a man who drinks and smokes too much or who drives carelessly, and men with such habits may not prefer highly educated woman. Drs. Erikson and Torssander also suggest that better-educated women may be more aware of what healthy eating and good health care consist of.The findings suggest that education has a huge impact on how long and how well people live. It also reflects social factors, since educated individuals usually have better jobs, which allow them to afford healthier diets and lifestyles, as well as better health care.8. In this passage the author intends to ________.A. present the results of a studyB. encourage women to get higher educationC. analyze the relationship between education and lifeD. discuss why women usually live longer than men9. A woman with higher education is likely to ________.A. teach her children wellB. earn more money than her husbandC. marry a man without many bad habitsD. choose a husband with a higher degree than hers10. A wife’s education has more effect on a family than a husband’s because ________.A. women make more sacrifices to their families than men doB. most women have higher degrees than their husbandsC. most men marry women with higher degreesD. women have a leading role in the home life of most families11. We learn from the passage that ________.A. a man with a lot of education lives longer than one with littleB. educated wives tend to choose healthy lifestyles for their familiesC. highly-educated women don’t marry uneducated menD. a man’s longevity depends on not only his wife’s level of education but also his ownDThe World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost, whichtheconservation group says has placed the health of the planet at risk.The WWF recently released its 10th Flagship Living Planet Report. The group warns the condition of the world's animals is worse than its earlier reports showed, indicating worldwide action is needed.The WWF is worried about the loss of and damage to Earth’s environment. The report provides information about more than 10,000 animal populations from 1970 to 2010. These populations are called “vertebrate species,” or animals with backbones — like fish, birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles. The report shows these populations have dropped by 52 percent in just 40 years. It warns freshwater species have fallen by 76 percent, which is almost twice the loss of land and ocean species. Most of these losses are in the tropics, with the biggest drop inLatin America.Marco Lambertini, the WWF’s International Director-General said, “This is about losing natural habitats. This is aboutconvertingforests, grasslands, and wetlands into agriculture mainly, and it is about unsustainable use of wildlife. Illegal hunting has been actually increasing over the last 10 years, which definitely a driving force for extinction, particularly of large species.”The report also notes what it calls the world’s “Ecological Footprint”, that is, the effect of human activities on the planet. Mr. Lambertini says there has been an increase in carbon dioxide gases and the pouring of nitrogen into oceans and rivers from fertilizers used in agriculture, which certainly cannot continue.“We are consuming on average every year about the equivalent of about 1.5, one and a half times the resources available to the planet. That means we are cutting trees more quickly than they can be restored. We are fishing the oceans more quickly than fishing stocks can reproduce, and we are emitting in the atmosphere more CO2than the natural systems can actually absorb, which is clearly not sustainable.”Mr. Lambertini warns climate change affects almost everyone on the planet and that whole species may disappear if the world does not reduce the effects of humans on the climate.12. According to the passage, what kind of species faces the biggest drop in population?A. Land and ocean species.B. Animals with backbones.C. Freshwater species inLatin America.D. Freshwater species in the tropics.13. All the following can contribute to the loss of world’s wildlife population EXCEPT ________.A. turning wildlife habitats into agriculture land.B. making sustainable use of wildlife.C. hunting illegally.D. emitting CO2 gases and pouring nitrogen.14. Which does the underlined word “converting” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Conserving.B. Conveying.C. Exchanging.D. Transforming.15. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. Marco is much concerned about human’s current behaviors towards wildlife.B. what the planet provides now can satisfy human’s sustainable development.C. more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost.D. if humans reduce the effects on the climate, the whole species will not disappear.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市徐汇区2020年高考期末质量调研(一模)英语试题及答案(word版)

徐汇区2020~2020学年度第二学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2020.12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bank. B. On the street. C. At home. D. In a cafe.2. A. A concert. B. A book sale. C. A banquet. D. An art exhibition.3. A. 50 minutes. B. 25 minutes.C. An hour and a quarter.D. An hour and a half.4. A. The train will arrive on time. B. The train is late due to the storm.C. The woman will take the next train.D. The woman has to wait for the train.5. A. She talks too much. B. She doesn’t like speaking.C. She is always very frank.D. She often talks loudly.6. A. She doesn’t want to have a birthday party. B. She doesn’t like the gift.C. She wants to forget her birthday.D. She doesn’t want to grow old.7. A. The woman doesn’t want to go out in the evening.B. The film is not worth seeing at all.C. The man won’t go to the movies with the woman.D. The man is very tired from his work.8. A. The summer this year is terribly hot. B. Last summer was even hotter.C. Hot weather helps people lose weight.D. Light was stronger this morning.9. A. He should have invited Mary. B. He is doing business with Mary.C. He was not a man of his word.D. He didn’t want to ask Mary to the party.10. A. She would rather invite more people to come.B. They prepared too much food at a previous meeting.C. The family members always eat a lot.D. They should prepare more food and drinks.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She was born in a poor family.B. She worked as a doctor in her early life.C. She spent her whole life in London.D. She decided to help the poor when she was young.12. A. Because of the poor living conditions.B. Because she was sent to a settlement house.C. Because of her health problem.D. Because her family moved to another city.13. A. She founded the first settlement house in America.B. She wrote books about the problems faced by the poor.C. She introduced laws to help workers, women, and children.D. She helped those who had come to America from other countries.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They are available in different languages except Russian.B. They are a range of useful desktop publishing packages.C. They are not allowed to be taken out of the college.D. They can help the students with their language learning.15. A. Consult him frequently. B. Use the computer regularly.C. Occupy the computer early.D. Print essays patiently.16. A. Micro-computer lab service. B. Facilities of a college.C. The use of micro-computers.D. The operating of printers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He is the journalist of a local newspaper.B. He is a huge fan of international stories.C. He is an experienced editor of a TV program.D. He is an advocate for environmental protection.18. A. Current trends in economic development.B. Domestic issues of general social concern.C. International relations and foreign policies.D. Conflicts among different political parties.19. A. Based on what the public wants to know.B. By interviewing people who have stories.C. By analyzing the current social problems.D. Based on public expectations and editors’ judgment.20. A. First-hand stories. B. Practical experience.C. Audience’s feedback.D. Educational background.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Grasshopper in Van Gogh PaintingArt conservators(管理员) dream of finding (21)_______(hide) secretsin the masterpieces they look after. Rarely do they expect to find a dead grasshopper.Conservators at the Nelson-Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said theydiscovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent van Gogh’sOlive Trees, when it (22)_______ (scan) as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection.It was spotted by Mary Schafer. She told a local broadcaster that she found it in the work’s lower foreground. “(23)_______(look) at the painting wit h the microscope，I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered in the paint, so it (24)_______ have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.“We can connect it to Van Gogh painting outside, so we think of him battling the elements, dealing with the w ind, the bugs, and then he’s got to walk back to his studio through the fields. What’s fun is that we can come up with all these stories for (25)_______ the insect landed in the paint.”Schafer said they were curious to know if the grasshopper could be studied (26)_______(far) to possibly identify which season Van Gogh painted Olive Trees.Michael Engel, a professor at the University of Kansas, was approached (27)_______(examine) the grasshopper further. He discovered that part of the insect’s body was missing and there was no sign of movement in the surrounding paint. In other words, it was already dead (28)_______ it somehow landed on the artist’s wet canvas and could not be used for dating purposes.Van Gogh painted Olive Trees in 1889, the year after his falling out with his friend Gauguin, (29)_______ may have led to his famous act of self-mutilation in the history of art: cutting off his own ear.The grasshopper may not help in any art historical research but it has become a talking point for museum visitors, looking closely into the painting to see (30)_______ they can spot the dead insect.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. concernsB. illegalC. circulationD. recommendedE. launchedF. conductingG. witnessing H. innovation I. emphasized J. regulations K. criticismsExperts agree that it is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods.In fact, as early as 1988, the State Council released __(31)__ to encourage bank transfers and to reduce using cash during economic activities. Today, the move toward a cashless society could “reduce the r isks of using cash, save on costs and as a matter of convenience, prevent __(32)__ activities such as money laundering(洗钱),” Dong Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times.But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also __(33)__ the increase of cashless payment. The rapid development of cashless payments does not mean there are no challenges and __(34)__.Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery from their mobile phones, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal. A Hema PR representative told the Global Times that all 13 Hema stores in the country do in fact allow consumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply __(35)__ consumers to pay via Alipay for convenience purposes.Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third-party mobile payment tools, also __(36)__ campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods. Both called for the establishment of a “cashless society”, which caused __(37)__ over whether cash will soon disappear. Dong __(38)__ that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. “As the economy grows, the __(39)__ of cash is still very huge,” noted Dong.“Also, it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population lives in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy __(40)__ brought by the Internet,” Dong said. “And when it comes to China’s senior citizens，most of them prefer to use cash in their daily life,” he added.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Eating fast food makes people impatient even when they are not short of time, a new study claims.Students in the study became __(41)__ even when shown the logo of burger chain McDonald’s so quickly on screen that they could not __(42)__ it.Researchers say that daily exposure to fast food brands could have a subliminal(潜意识的) effect on __(43)__, making people hurry regardless of whether they are pushed for time. They conclude: “Our experiments suggest that the __(44)__ goal of saving time embedded in fast food may have the unexpected consequence of causing hurriedness and impatience.”Thinking about fast food increases __(45)__ for time-saving products. “More __(46)__, we found that the mere exposure to fast food symbols reduced people’s willingness to save and led them to prefer immediate __(47)__ over greater future return, finally harming their economic interest.”Student volunteers were quickly shown six logos from fast-food chains —McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC, Subway, Wendy’s and Taco Bell. They could not consciously see what theywere but the subliminal effect was __(48)__. Their reading speed was measured before and after seeing the logos and it was significantly faster afterwards. Participants also preferred time-saving products like three-in-one skincare treatments rather than __(49)__ versions after seeing the logos. When asked whether they would accept a small sum of money immediately or a larger amount in a week’s time, they again chose __(50)__ reward after being exposed to the brands.Researcher Chen-Bo Zhong, assistant professor of organizational behaviour at Canada’s Toronto University, said: “Fast food represents a culture of time efficiency and immediate __(51)__.” The problem is that the goal of saving time gets activated upon exposure to fast food __(52)__ whether time is a relevant factor in the context. “__(53)__, walking faster is time-efficient when one is trying to make a meeting, but it’s a sign of impatience when one is taking a walk in the park.”“We’re finding that the mere exposure to fast food is __(54)__ a general sense of hurriedness and impatience. When I sit in a fast food restaurant, I find myself gobbling(狼吞虎咽) my Big Mac down at this incredible speed even though there is no __(55)__ at all.”41. A. hungry B. stressful C. anxious D. timid42. A. recognize B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall43. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour44. A. common B. unconscious C. primary D. temporary45. A. preferences B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions46. A. naturally B. strikingly C. fortunately D. personally47. A. gain B. proof C. respond D. attention48. A. concealed B. imposed C. edited D. marked49. A. separate B. special C. expensive D. original50. A. potential B. constant C. intense D. instant51. A. cultivation B. resistance C. satisfaction D. awareness52. A. in terms of B. on account of C. regardless of D. with respect to53. A. In other words B. On the contrary C. For example D. In addition54. A. promoting B. assuming C. insulting D. assessing55. A. chance B. sense C. rush D. harmSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One of the most inspiring quotes I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said: “The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times than unsuccessful people.” I personally experienced the wisdom of that understanding right after my first book was published. Like many authors, I expected hundreds of bookstore customers lini ng up for me to sign copies for them. I’m afraid to say, it didn’t quite happen like that.My first signing was arranged at the largest bookstore in the city. Filled with anticipation, I was put into a private signing room in the beautiful store. Despite a nice sign placed outside the room exhibiting images of both me and my book, not a single customer entered the room. As eachminute passed, I became increasingly anxious.Do they not like the title? I wondered. Do they not like the book cover?After 90 minutes of this torture, I was absolutely distraught.For the four years writing the book, I had felt a sense of mission and purpose like never before in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic, I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I could wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading into my clinic. Before I ever began each writing session, I would close my eyes for 10 minutes and then whisper, “Please grant me the words to touch just one person’s life.”Now, s itting there alone at my first book signing, I wondered if my entire life wasn’t just a big joke. At that moment, just when I couldn’t feel any worse, a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I managed to hide my emotions and introduced myself and my book. There was something different about the way they were looking at me that I couldn’t quite identify. But I didn't know what else to say. The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife. She then told me, “I think we’ll get the book.” My heart began to pound. But I realized the woman was trying to say something else.“The reason we’re buying it,” she said hesitantly, “is because our son committed suicide two years ago. Maybe your story will help us get over it.”At that moment, I knew if I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing it had served its purpose. Although I would have many more challenging years until my book caught on and sold well, this couple’s story was all the motivation I needed at that point to keep me moving ahead. Thanks to them, I would come to the realization that the greatest of lives are made all in the same way: One challenge... one hurdle... one step... and one small victory at a time.56. The writer quotes Brian Tracy to emphasize the importance of _________.A. conscienceB. successC. confidenceD. perseverance57. The word “distraught” (paragraph 4) probably means _____.A. bored and impatientB. cheerful and proudC. upset and disappointedD. miserable and ashamed58. What can be inferred from paragraph 5?A. The writer had to quit his job to make time for his writing.B. The writer was not sure about the purpose of his writing at first.C. The writing was completed with great self-discipline and efforts.D. The process of writing the book was full of pains and frustration.59. By saying “my four years of writing it had served its purpose”, the author probably means that __________.A. he had succeeded in selling his first book to the coupleB. he had managed to touch someone’s life with his bookC. he was quite satisfied with the feedback of his readersD. he had found someone who appreciated his writing(B)The truth of our modern times is that you probably won’t find a student who does not use mobile applications today. Every student probably knows plenty of applications that fit his or her needs most, but there are still some mobile “helpers” no student should live without.Raise—Save your money with discounted gift cards, especially with the Raise mobile app. Before you buy any back-to-school items, check the Raise app to see if there are any discounted gift cards you can buy to make your dollar go farther. Once you purchase a card, you can instantly use it online or in stores by showing the barcode on your phone — no need to worry about forgetting your gift cards at home.iStudiez Pro —For college students who are attempting to successfully manage a full schedule, iStudiez Pro can help ease your transition into college courses and help you organize your class schedule and plan out your days.iStudiez Pro is the best app for students which combines tracking schedule, homework and grades with a delightful user experience.SelfControl —College students are so easily distracted from the studying process! They always need to check new photos of their friends on Facebook, or share their mood with the world during a lecture. To avoid such distractions, the SelfControl application has been created: it blocks certain websites that can distract you from studying, and it does it for a set amount of time. So, when a lecture is finished, you are welcome to come back to your favorite websites again!Mint —It’s an easy-to-read app that links to all your bank accounts and gives you updates on how much you’ve been spending. It also lets you know what you’ve been spending your money on by organizing your expenses into categories (You may be surprised by how much you dish out on Starbucks after using the app for a while).LifeSite Vault —Parents struggle to make sure their college students have access to key personal documents and accounts, like Social Security numbers and bank account information. That’s where LifeSite Vault can help. It does so by keeping important documents “safe but accessible.” For example, with LifeSite Vault,users can upload everything from their Social Security cards to passports and birth certificates or upload a picture of a medical insurance card.60. The Raise mobile app is supposed to provide __________.A. sales information on school suppliesB. discounted gift cards for school itemsC. online shopping guidelinesD. a barcode on your phone61. If a college student wants to budget his finances and prevent himself from overspending, hewill probably need _________.A. iStudiez ProB. SelfControlC. MintD. LifeSite Vault62. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To help college students increase learning efficiency.B. To recommend some helpful applications to students.C. To compare different types of online learning tools.D. To explain how to use some modern applications.(C)More than five million different kinds of organisms(生物体) live on the Earth. For thousands of years, humans have searched for ways to organize this diversity(多样性). In the eighteenth century, a Swedish professor, physician, and naturalist named Carolus Linnaeus developed the system of naming and classifying organisms that we use today.Linnaeus contributed to the modern classification of organisms in two ways. He first developed a convention for naming life forms.Before Linnaeus came up with a standardized system of naming, there were often many names for a single species, and these names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should be in Latin and should have two parts, one indicating the genus(plural: genera), a group that includes similar species and one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name is meaningless since many different species in different genera have the same specific name. The specific name familiaris, for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would not describe any one organism. When the genus is also given, however, as in Canis familiaris, we know that the name refers to a specific organism: the domestic dog.Linnaeus was also the originator of modern taxonomy, a system of classifying nature based on hierarchical(分层的) groupings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These kingdoms were animals, plants, and minerals. He divided each of these kingdoms into classes, classes into orders, orders into genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according to shared physical characteristics.Although modern taxonomists still use the hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s classification system as well as his method of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical levels and significantly changed Linnaeus’s original groupings. The broadest level of life is now a domain. All living things fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each kingdom contains phyla (singular is phylum), followed by class, order, family, genus, and species.In addition to the Linnaean kingdoms of plants and animals, biologists recognize prokaryotes, protists, and fungi as separate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. They are also the smallest cellular organisms. Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a variety of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. Protists do not have much in common. They are, essentially, those organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls, giving them a tube-like structure. However, fungi do not produce their own carbon as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon produced by other organisms. Yeasts and mushrooms are examples of fungi.63. The writer gives the scientific name of the domestic dog in paragraph 3 in order to__________.A. demonstrate Linnaeus’s metho d of classificationB. introduce the need for a better system of naming organismsC. criticize the complexity of Linnaeus’s naming systemD. illustrate the necessity of including two parts when naming organism64. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s system for classifying is no longer in use.B. Linnaeus’s original system of classification consisted of 3 domains.C. Linnaeus’s original system of classification is used today with little modific ations.D. Modern taxonomists have added categories and regrouped organisms.65. Which of the following is TRUE about protists?A. They do not share the characteristics of any of the other four kingdoms.B. They are grouped together based on similar characteristics.C. They are limited to single-cell organisms.D. They acquire nutrients by eating other organisms.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Father of Modern TaxonomyB. Classifying OrganismsC. Development in Life FormsD. Linnaeus’s Classification SystemSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Many say collecting toys creates a sense of accomplishment.B. This is also why these adults are sometimes referred to as “kidults”.C. But scientists are probably just worrying too much.D. But this “fact” doesn’t seem to apply to today’s world anymore.E. At one point in our life, we all had and loved our own toys.F. Despite this, some social scientists see the trend as disturbing.Staying young foreverIt used to be a matter of fact when Peter Pan —a character from James Matthew Barrie’s 1911 book —said: “All children, except one, grow up.” (67)________________ According to the NPD Group, a US market research company, sales of toys to adults in the UK increased by more than 20 percent in 2020, three times the pace of the children’s toy market itself. These toys ranged from puzzles and Lego building sets to vehicle models and action figures. And more than half of the sales came from millennials —people born between the 1980s and 2000s.“Adults of the 21st century are channeling their inner child, one toy at a time,” commented website Koreaboo. (68)________________According to Frederique Tutt, an analyst at NPD, the motivation of these grown-ups is to escape the stress of today’s fast-paced world. They are driven toward the more immediate pleasures brought by toys than those brought by, say, getting a promotion, which is far less easy to achieve. “It reminds me of the playful side of life,” Rob Willner, a 25-year-old PhD student in the UK, told The Telegraph when talking about his love for Lego, which he said brings him both comfort and entertainment.(69)________________ To Frank Furendi, a professor at the University of Kent in the UK, the fact that so many adults are pursuing “the thrills of youth” is the evidence that “adulthood has got nothing attractive about it anymore”, he told The New York Times. “That’s actually quite sad.”(70)________________ According to Canadian comic book artist Todd McFarlane, collecting toys could simply be a way for people to express their individuality. “It’s just pop culture stuff. It’s stuff that says, ‘I like a little of this and I like a little of that’,” he told ABC News. “It’s no big deal.”So now that over 100 years have passed since Peter Pan, perhaps it’s time to introduce a new “fact”, as stated in the tagline of the UK fashion brand KIDULT: “Growing old is mandatory(强制的), but growing up is optional.”IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it —and a child suffers. We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? After all, none of us is a perfect parent.There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world ofdifference between hurtful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for themselves. That emotional abuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今晚的音乐会门票已全部售罄。

2020届上海市徐汇中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案

2020届上海市徐汇中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AInformation on school visits to Kew GardensEnjoy yourselves in a wonderland of science with over 50,000 living plants and a variety of educational events or amusing activities. Here is essential information about planning a school visit to Kew.Educational course pricesYou can plan a self-led visit or book one of our educational courses. Students will take part in the educational courses in groups of 15. Prices vary according to different situations.EYFS (Early Years Foundation Stage) to Key Stage 4:45-minute course: 35/group 90-minute course: 70/groupKey Stage 5:Half day (one course): 80/group Full day (two courses): 160/groupTeachers and adults:Up to required key stage proportions (比例): FreeAdults needed for 1:1 special educational needs support: FreeAdults above the required proportions: 11/personThe payment will due within 28 calendar days of making the booking.Health and safetyRequired supervising (监护) adult-student proportions:Key Stage 1: 1:5 Key Stage 2: 1:8Key stage 3: 1:10 Key Stage 4: 1:12Key Stage 5: 1:12The group sizes should be controlled if you are visiting potentially busy areas such as the glasshouse and other attractions. The maximum number of students visiting the glasshouses is 15 per group and each group to Kew shops should include no more than 10 students.If there is an emergency, please contact the nearest Kew staff member or call Constabulary on 0208 32 3333 for direct and quick support. Please do not call 999.Planning your visitYour tickets and two planning passes will be sent to you upon receipt of your payment. You can complete your risk assessment with the passes, ensure you bring your tickets and the receipt document and show them to the staff members at the gate on the day of your visit.Recommended timingsThe Kew Gardens opens at 10 am. You are recommended to spend at least three to five hours on your visit. The closing time varies throughout the year. But the earliest is 3:30 pm. We have a fixed schedule for educational courses, which is from 10:30 am to 2:20 pm.1.How much should a group of 15 Key Stage I students and 4 teachers pay for a 45-minute course?A.35B.46C.57D.812.What should one do in an emergency?A.Check the risk assessment.B.Call 999 immediately.C.Ask adults or teachers for help.D.Seek help from the staff member nearby.3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To introduce Kew Gardens.B.To give tips on visiting Kew Gardens.C.To attract potential visitors to Kew Gardens.D.To inform coming activities in Kew Gardens.BThere are three of us in the laboratory: Jules, me and Dr. Leonards. Leonards asks me to sit in front of Jules. As I do, he looks me in the eye and starts to move his face through a series of emotions-happy, confused, surprised, glaring. I'm attracted by his display, feeling delight when hegrinsand feeling serious when his eyes narrow angrily. None of this would be a surprise, of course, if Jules were a human. But he's a robot head on a table.The most special thing is that, consciously(有意识地), there's no mistaking Jules for a real person. Although he has surprisingly realistic skin, his eyes don't fit firmly against his lids, and he has a terrible hairpiece. Yet, as I walk into the room, I experience a complex worry of feeling in his direction. It's not at all like entering an empty space. It's a bit awkward for Jules’ shining false hair. Some unconscious part of me is responding to him as if he's real. This matters, because if we're to one day live comfortably along with robots , an understanding of how weinstinctively(本能地) react to them is significant. The study of these issues is the frontier of a new scientific research; human-robot interaction.Jules was built as part of an attempt to understand the emotions that can be communicated by a human. “All the robots we'vebuilt so far don't have that rich emotions. We wanted to build a robotic face, with small motors that mimic(模仿) all the muscles you have, so we could discover what it could express. "Such research is becoming increasingly important, says Dr. Leonards, partly because our rapidly ageing population will soon need the help of robots with which they can effortlessly interact.4. What does the author think of Jules?A. He ignored him in his place.B. He didn't treat him as only a robot.C. He was afraid of his being there.D. He mistook him for a real person.5. What is the purpose to build such a robot?A. To help humans of old ages.B. To carry out a scientific research.C. To take the place of human labour.D. To make an interaction with human.6. What doesthe underlined word “grins” mean in Paragraph1?A. Smiles.B. Shakes.C. Worries.D. Cries.7. What may be the best title for the text?A. Human And RobotB. Success Of Making A RobotC. Robot Will Replace ManD. Difference Between Man And RobotCNowadays organic food hasbecome a fashion. Organic food sales reached a record of $ 45.2 billion in 2017, making it one of the fastest-growing parts of American agriculture. Some people may buy organic food for these reasons like resource cycling and biodiversity, but most people may choose organic food because they think it's healthier. While a small number of studies have shown relationships between eating organic food and reducing risks of being ill, no studies, up to now, have answered the question whether eating organic food can improve health.According to the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA), organic food does not suggest anything about health. In 20155 Miles McEvoy, then chief of the National Organic Program for the USDA, refused to admit any health benefits of organic food, saying the question has nothing to do with the National Organic Program. Instead, the USDA thinks that organic refers to a production method that increases cycling of resources keepsecological balance, and protects biodiversity.I'm an environmental health scientist who has spent over 20 years studying pesticides that do harm to human beings. Several years ago, I was part of the study on whether an organic diet can reduce pesticide exposure. This study focused on a group of pesticides which have always been harmful to children's brain development. We found that children who ate traditional diets had nine times higher exposure to these pesticides than children who ate organic diets.Last month, I published a small study that suggested a path forward to answering the question whether eating organic food actually improves health. My study got a lot of attention. While the results were novel, they didn't answer the big question. As I toldThe New York Timesin 2003, “What does this really mean for the safety of my kids? But we don't know. Nobody does. It was true then, and it's still true now.”8. Why do most people prefer to buy organic food?A. For its health benefits.B. For biodiversity.C. For its delicious taste.D. For resource cycling.9. What does the USDA suggest about organic food?A. It can improve people's health.B. It is produced in an environment-friendly way.C. It can reduce risks of being ill.D. It has nothing to do with the National Organic Program.10. What can be concluded from the author's study?A. Pesticides don't harm children's brain.B. Traditional diets benefit people's health.C. Organic diets can reduce pesticide exposure.D. The results are meaningful to children's safety.11. What is the best title for the text?A.What Is Organic Food?B. Is Organic Food Healthier?C. How Should We Avoid Pesticides?D. What Are the Benefits of Organic Food?DScientists have discovered a new behaviour among bumblebees that tricks plants into flowering early.When lack of pollen, bumblebees will bite little by little on the leaves of flower-less plants. The damage seems to fool the plant into flowering, sometimes up to 30 days earlier than normal.With their hairy appearance and special sounds, bumblebees are hard to miss in gardens all over the world. Their hairy bodies make them excellent pollinators for crops like tomatoes and blueberries. They are among the first bees to appear each year and work a long season.But despite their key role, bumblebees, like many other pollinators have seen their numbers decline suddenlyin recent decades. One recent study pointed to climate change, reporting that an increasing number of hot days in Europe andNorth Americawas raising local bumblebees extinction rates.But researchers have now made a discovery about bumblebees that could have something to do with their long term survival. Scientists inSwitzerlandfound that when the bumblebees were out of pollen, they started to bite on the leaves of plants that hadn't yet flowered. They used their mouths to cut clearly-shaped holes in the leaves. But the creatures didn't eat the material or use it in their nests.The damaged plants responded by flowering earlier than normal--in some cases up to 30 days ahead of schedule. Researchers also found that the bee damaged plants flowered 30 days earlier than undamaged plants and 25 days earlier than ones damaged by the scientists.“I think everything that we've found is consistent with the idea that the bumblebees are damaging the plants and that that's an adaptation that brings flowers earlier and that benefits the bees,” said Dr Mark Mescher, one of the authors from ETHZurich.12. How do bumblebees fool plants into flowering earlier?A. By making use of the hot weather.B. By putting the false flowers on the leaves.C. By attacking the leaves of flowerless plants.D. By taking away the pollen from the other flowers.13. What's bumblebees’ key role?A.Making plants flower early.B. Spreading pollen to flowers and plants.C. Sending information about weather change.D. Finding out whether the plant has flowers.14. What has happened to bumblebees in the past the years?A. They are becoming homesick.B. They are not as friendly as before.C. There is a sharp decrease in number.D. They have been busy year by year.15. What's Dr Mark Mescher's attitude towards the behaviour of bumblebees?A. Uncaring.B. Skeptical.C. Tolerant.D. Objective.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市徐汇中学西校区高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2020届上海市徐汇中学西校区高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest Online Bachelor's ProgramsAn online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time. Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.•ArizonaStateUniversityASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle. Its courses employ advanced technology, such as our virtual labs, adaptive learning and virtual community, to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION: 15,321TUITION: S413•UniversityofIllinoisUI is a top-ranked, diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution. For UTs degree completion programs, students transfer with an associate degree or 57-60 credits. All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION: 385TUITION: S462•UniversityofFloridaUF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF. Courses arc designed and taught by UF's well-known teachers. Students feel connected, frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION: 3,340TUITION: $500•OhioStateUniversityThe courses of OSU online bachelor's programs are all related to health science. The online programs are flexible providing students with the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for moreadvanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION: 542TUITION: 56421. What's special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A. It is an approved SARA institution.B. It provides the most expensive programs.C. It offers some technology-assisted courses.D. It admits fewer students than other universities.2. Which university’s, online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To advertise free online programs.B. To call on people to sign up online.C. To introduce some best online programs.D. To provide access to the best universities.BA year ago I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn’t know how to deal with my broken heart.To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn’t think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness. But soon there was something wrong with me.Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I’m not so bad,” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother camewoefully. I had to take a semesteroff from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That’s why I want to share my story.4. Why did the author push herself during high school?A. She wanted to attend the University of San Francisco.B. It cost too much to study in a private school.C. Her parents controlled much of her life.D. Her family put her under pressure,5. What can we know about the author in the first two weeks?A. She couldn't fall asleep because of pressure.B. She couldn't pay attention to her study.C. She couldn't deal with her homesickness.D. She couldn't catch up with others.6. What does the underlined word “woefully” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Sadly.B. Surprisingly.C. Curiously.D. Happily.7. What is the author's purpose in writing this text?A. To look back on her past life.B. To increase her own confidence.C. To express appreciation to her mother.D. To encourage other girls like her to be positive.CA city inSouth Korea, which has the world’s largest number of people using smartphones, has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn “smartphone zombies” to look up and drivers to slow down, in the hope of preventing accidents.The designers of the system were motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glued to their phones will become victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury rates among developed countries. State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings can warn both pedestrians and drivers.In addition to red, yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement, “smombies” - smartphone zombies - will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic.“Increasing number of smombie accidents have occurred in pedestrian crossings, so these zombie lights are essential to prevent these pedestrian accidents,” said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon. Drivers are warned by the flashing lights, which have shown to be effective 83.4 percent of the time in the institute’s tests involving about 1,000 vehicles.In 2017, more than 1,600 pedestrians were killed in auto related accidents, which is about 40 percent of total traffic deaths, according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System. For now, the smombie warning system is placed only in Ilsan, a suburban city about30 kmnorthwest of the capital,Seoul, but is expected to go nationwide, according to the institute.Kim Dan-hee, a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan, welcomed the system, saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to remember to look at traffic. “This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again, and I hope that we can have more of these in town,” she said.8. What do the underlined words “smartphone zombies” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Drivers driving after drunk.B. Pedestrians buried in their phones.C. Passengers crazy about phones.D. Policemen in charge of traffic.9. What do we know about the warning system?A. It has reduced death rate by 83.4%.B. It has been spread nationwide.C. It gives a warning to the smartphones.D. It is being tried out in many places.10. What was the residents’ attitude to the traffic system?A. Negative.B. Unconcerned.C. Disapproving.D. Favorable.11. What is the best title for the text?A.South KoreaWarns Smartphone Zombies of TrafficB. Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent AccidentsC. Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic AccidentsD.South KoreaUses a New Traffic SystemDThe man who invented the World Wide Web a few decades ago is calling for major changes to make it better for humans. In an open letter published on Tuesday, Berners-Lee said that the web was used by half the world's population.Berners-Lee said the web had clearly created great opportunities for humans to progress and had made lifeeasier for millions of people. Actually, it also has offered opportunities to groups traditionally not heard a new voice in society. However, he added that the web had also provided new ways for cheats to commit crimes (犯罪).“Against the background of news stories about how the web is misused, it's understandable that many people feel afraid and unsure if the web is really a force for good,” he wrote.Berners-Lee created a group called the World Wide Web Foundation. He islooking for help from governments, companies and people to become more involved in shaping the web to do more good for humans. His actual plan is called the “Contract (合同) for the Web”.Under this contract, governments are called on to take steps to makesure all people can connect to the Internet and that personal privacy is respected. Businesses are asked to keep the Internet prices low so more people can use the web. In addition, companies should respect privacy and develop technologies that aim to put people first.The plan also calls on people to create materials for the web and work with others to make sure that is rich, quality information for everyone. Besides, people should seek to “build strong communities that respect personal speech and human equality.” “The path to make the Internet better is the responsibility of everyone who uses it,” Bermers-Lee added, “Making big changes will not be easy, but will be very well worth it in the end.”12. What does Berners-Lee think of the World Wide Web?A. It is his greatest regret.B. It stops the progress of humans.C. It needs improving.D. It does more harm than good.13. What's wrong with the web according to Berners-Lee?A. It is misused for bad purposes.B. It is misunderstood by all people.C. It blocks out a new voice in society.D. It is expensive for half the world’s population.14. What are governments called on to do under the “Contract for the Web”?A. Put technology first.B. Create materials for the web.C. Popularize the Internet.D. Make the Internet free of charge.15. What should people do with the Internet in Berners-Lee's opinion?A. Be responsible for it.B. Absolutely reject it.C. Completely rely on it.D. Be unconcerned about it.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷

2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.Once upon a time …Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers． At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure ﹣ a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard．（1）________（inspire）， the brothers began collecting their own stories， listening to the folktales people told them． Soon they produced their own treasure ﹣ a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations （2）________（come）．The brothers Grimm， Jacob and Wilhelm，named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812． The collection （3）________（translate） into more than 160 languages up to now． The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media： theatre， opera， comic books， movies， paintings， rock music， advertising and fashion．Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms． During their lifetimes the collection （4）________（sell）few copies in Germany． The early editions were not even aimed at children． They had no illustrations， and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales （5）________． Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time （6）________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon． The new rulers restricted local culture． As young scholars， the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany．（7）________ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales， Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857． In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents， he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles． To this day， parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories： keep your promises，don’t talk to strangers，work hard， obey your parents．Yet （8）________ all Wilhelm’s additions， the most important part of these stories was left untouched． The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents．So what accounts for their popularity？ Some have suggested that it is （9）________ the characters are always striving for happiness． But the truth probably lies in their origin．Grimms’ tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries （界限） of age or culture．The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror （10）________ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them． And so it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after．Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A． distributedB． absolutelyC． infections D． consumeE． harborF． relianceG． potential H． specific I． originate J． respectively K． revealedMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years， scientists have found microplastics in our soil， tap water， bottled water， beer and even in the air we breathe．And there’s growing concern about the （1）_______health risks they poseto humans．The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely （2）_______ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled． More than 1，000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame， which was （3）_______ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide． Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland， two or three pieces per litre were found．Microplastics are not a （4）_______ kind of plastic， but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U．S． National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration． They may （5）_______ from a variety of sources， including cosmetics， clothing， and industrial processes．Humans are known to （6）_______ the tiny plastic particles through food and water， but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined． One study， in Singapore， has found that microplastics can （7）_______ harmful microbes （微生物）．Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches． They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎） and wound （8）_______ in humans．"Microplastics are being found （9）_______ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing，" said Christian Dunn at Bangor University， Wales， who led the work．"It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying：‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was．’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think， as a country and a world， how we can be reducing our （10）_______on plastic．"III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour﹣force participation rate of 55﹣ to 64﹣year﹣olds in OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development） countries has risen by eight percentage points． A new OECDreport, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers is （1）_______, if prosperity is to be maintained． That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）_______the value of its older employees．Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours． No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently． But work can keep the mind active and gives people a （3）_______ in life． The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but （4）_______is sure to come． Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal．（5）_______, the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require （6）_______, rather than manual, labour． Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to （7）_______． That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age．（8）_______, the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years． In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work﹣related pensions to supplement it．However, companies are gradually （9）_______ pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes． Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be（10）_______． The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates． Women tend to have smaller retirement pots （thanks to their years spent raising children）, making their difficulties even more （11）_______． They need to keep working．Older workers may feel （12）_______, particularly when it comes to promotion． Two issues seem to hold （13）_______ back． The first is that older workers tend to （14）_______ higher salaries, because of the seniority system． The second is a （15）_______of skills; one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests． Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over﹣55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes．（1）A.shortsightedB.vitalC.adequateD.unnecessary（2）A.recognizingB.assessingC.questioningD.transforming（3）A.frameB.choiceC.lessonD.purpose（4）A.libertyB.boredomC.priorityD.motivation（5）A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Furthermore（6）A.mentalB.simpleC.physicalD.routine（7）A.proceedB.continueC.persistD.quit（8）A.In conclusionB.In other wordsC.In practiceD.In particular（9）A.replacingB.furnishingC.increasingbining（10）A.registeredB.reinvestedC.refundedD.removed（11）A.personalB.severeC.emotionalD.practical（12）petitiveB.dominantC.distinguishedD.disadvantaged（13）A.employersB.researchersC.employeesD.female workers （14）mandB.ensureC.opposeD.ignore（15）A.rangeB.disciplineC.shortageD.setSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer （编舞）． Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil． She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it．A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo． Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame．Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success． In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2, 212 performances, both around the nation and abroad． In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award．But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness． She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations． She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine． I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy． I talked to Martha．”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century．（Although not as well﹣known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．）During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration．“I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be．”Graham responded by saying,“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique． And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost． The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open．”（1）What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo？________A. Itearned her a large fortune．B. It made her rise to fame overnight．C. It didn’t enjoy much success．D. It laid a solid foundation for her career．．（2）How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!？________A. Relieved．B. Ashamed．C. Confused．D. Proud．．（3）Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham________．A. was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB. enjoyed the same popularity as themC. had been influenced greatly by themD. was the most influential artist in her field．（4）Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage？________A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness．B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you．C. Your action reveals the inner landscape， which is the soul of music．D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life．（1）Compared to traditional houses， container houses are________．A. easier to maintainB. less expensive to buildC. more comfortable to live inD. more fashionable in style．（2）What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex？________A. It is the first container city in the world．B. It’s equipped with modern facilities．C. It features a luxury and unique style．D. It includes living space and car parks．．（3）Which of the following is the best title for the poster？________A. Recycled material for Ideal HomeB. Shipping Container Home ChallengesC. Home in a Steel BoxD. Housing Options and Solutions．On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric﹣car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge． Like many modernvehicles, Mr．Musk’s products are best thought of as internet﹣connected computers on wheels． The cheaper models in Tesla’s line﹣up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range． At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries．Mr．Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broa der trend． As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, inthemselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”．Such a world will bring many benefits． Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non﹣computerized versions cannot． Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable．In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works． Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere． As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one．Start with ownership． As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods． That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear． When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought （the firm offered refunds）． That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller．Virtual business models will ________ in the physical world． Tech firms are generally happy to move fast andbreak things． But you cannot release the beta version （测试版） of a fridge． Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two． But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more． Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on．Data will be another flashpoint．For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent （同意） that is half﹣informed at best． In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical． In the real one, they will feel more urgent．Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard ﹣ especially one as universal as computing． The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry﹣eyed optimism． These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines． But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution ﹣ which should give them some idea of what to expect．（1）From the passage we can tell that Tesla can________．A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB. adjust the range of its battery powerC. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained．（2）Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage？________A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest．B. The insurance company uses dat a from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums（保费）．C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance．D. A high﹣tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves．．（3）The underlined word ________ probably means________ in this context．A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand．（4）This passage is mainly about________．A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD. different views on the current application of Internet Technology．Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A． Creativity is associated with many factors．B． Rather， they should work to expand， grow， and exercise it．C． Without creativity， we are indistinguishable from the masses．D． However， creativity can be acquired at any age．E．It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from．F． Everyone has the capacity to be creative．Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America， 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school．（1）________ It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which par ts are firing when an idea is created，but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified． Creativity is what comesto you when you least expect it． You cannot demand creativity from your mind， nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way．One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people． This is not true．（2）________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true： creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature．Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world． Consequently， it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity．（3）________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense． They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful．It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it． It used to be that people worked hard， went to university， and got a job． That wasit． But now， everyone works hard， goes to university ﹣and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future．（4）________ We can use it to set ourselves apart， and channel it to face the challenges of the future．IV．Summary WritingDirections：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area． During the last 100 years， scientists have seen a great declinein biodiversity． Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction． It is estimated that 140，000 species of plants are lost each year．Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans． The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests． Most of this destruction is done to create pasture （牧场） for beef cattle． Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming， which supplies beef to therest of the world． It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced， 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed． The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption．The introduction of exotic （外来的） species is another threat． The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife， which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species． When exotic species are introduced to a place， they try to establish a self﹣sustaining population． While the local species，which haven’t had a chance to evolve， often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species．The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem． It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable（i．e． microscopic plants， decaying matter， etc．） into usable forms， namely their bodies． Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species． This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living， and less capable of producing resources that humans need．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.我家门口的街道成天车水马龙．（crowd）________中国女排成功卫冕世界冠军，给全国人民以极大的鼓舞．（succeed）________本次“城市公共交通周”的活动旨在提高公众节能环保的意识．（aim）________我实在想不通为什么大伙儿都觉得他这个人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和蔼可亲的．（strike）________VI. Guided WritingDirections： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假设你是陈芳．你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问．王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校．她通过邮件向你征求意见．写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由．参考答案与试题解析2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.【答案】Inspired,to come,has been translated,wassold,themselves,when,Though/Although/While,despite,because,what/whatever【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】本文讲述了格林童话的作者的写作经历，分析了受欢迎的原因是格林的故事是在没有年龄和文化界限的讲故事传统的基础上诞生的．【解答】（1）Inspired．考查派生词．做状语，说明主语the brothers 的状态，表示“受到鼓舞的”，用形容词Inspired．（2）to come．考查动词不定式．做定语，修饰名词 generations ，表示“将要到来的”，用动词不定式to come．（3）has been translated．考查谓语动词．和时间状语 up to now一致，用现在完成时态，和主语 The collection 构成被动关系，谓语动词用has been translated．（4）was sold．考查谓语动词．根据时间状语During their lifetimes，可知谓语动词用过去式，和主语 the collection 构成被动关系，用was sold．（5）themselves．考查反身代词．代指 the tales ，表示强调，用反身代词themselves．（6）when．考查定语从句．修饰先行词a time ，做定语从句Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon的时间状语，用关系词when．（7）Though/Although/While．考查状语从句．本句表示“虽然兄弟俩暗示他们只是在记录故事，威廉继续润色和重塑故事，直到1857年的最终版本．”，所以引导让步状语从句 the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales，用Though/Although/While．（8）despite．考查介词．修饰名词all Wilhelm’s additions，表示“尽管”，用介词despite．（9）because．考查表示表语从句．本句表示“这是因为角色总是在追求幸福”，所以引导表语从句the characters are always striving for happiness，用连词because．（10）what/whatever．考查宾语从句．引导宾语从句 moods or interests we bring to our reading of them，做从句的宾语，用what/whatever．Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.【答案】G． potential,Adistributed,K． revealed,H． specific,I． originate,Dconsume,Eharbor,Cinfections,Babsolutely,Frelia nce【考点】选词填空【解析】在过去的几年里，科学家们在我们的土壤、自来水、瓶装水、啤酒甚至我们呼吸的空气中发现了微型塑料，人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险．本文从多个研究角度呼吁人们需要想想，作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖．【解答】（1）G． potential．考查单词填空．根据句意“人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险”可知表示“潜在的” 用G． potential．（2）A． distributed．考查单词填空．根据句意“微型塑料广泛分布在所有10个湖泊和河流中．”可知表示“分布” 用A． distributed．（3）K． revealed．考查单词填空．根据句意“塔姆河每升发现1000多小块塑料，去年被发现是世界上污染最严重的地方”可知表示“揭示，发现” 用K． revealed．（4）H． specific．考查单词填空．根据句意“微塑料不是一种特定类型的塑料”可知表示“特定的” 用H． specific．（5）I． originate．考查单词填空．根据句意“它们可以来源于多种来源，包括化妆品、服装和工业过程”可知表示“来源于” 用 I． originate．（6）D． consume．考查单词填空．根据句意“类通过食物和水摄入这些微小的塑料颗粒，”可知表示“摄入” 用 D． consume．（7）E． harbor．考查单词填空．根据句意“新加坡的一项研究发现，微型塑料可能藏匿有害微生物．”可知表示“藏匿” 用 E． harbor．（8）C． infections．考查单词填空．根据句意“其中包括引起人类肠胃炎和伤口感染的昆虫．”可知表示“” 用in humans．（9）B． absolutely．考查单词填空．根据句意“微型塑料绝对是在任何地方都能被发现”可知表示“绝对” 用B． absolutely．（10）F． reliance．考查单词填空．根据句意“作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖．”可知表示“依赖” 用 F． reliance．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.【答案】BADBDADCABBDAAC【考点】社会文化【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们为了自己的选择和需要而工作更长时间．【解答】（1）B 考查形容词． A． shortsighted近视； B． vital重要的； C． adequate充足的； D． unnecessary没必要的；如果要保持繁荣，老年工人的就业至关重要．根据下一句"That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）the value of its older employees“这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值．”可知老年员工很重要．故选B．（2）A 考查动词．A． recognizing辨认出； B． assessing评估； C． questioning质问； D． transforming转变；这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值．故选A．（3）D 考查名词．A． frame框架； B． choice选择； C． lesson教训； D． purpose目的；但是工作可以让你的头脑保持活跃，给人们一个生活的目标．根据上一句“But work can keep the mind active ”可知说的是工作的好处．故选D．（4）B 考查名词．A． liberty自由； B． boredom无聊； C． priority优先； D． motivation动机；退休的头一个月可能看起来很愉快，但无聊肯定会到来．根据下一句“spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．”可知不工作会很无聊．故选B．（5）D 考查副词．A． However然而； B． Instead代替； C． Therefore因此； D． Furthermore此外；此外，同事的陪伴提供了一个社交网络．故选D．（6）A 考查形容词．A． mental精神的； B． simple简单的； C． physical身体的； D． routine日常；既然大多数工作都需要脑力劳动，而不是体力劳动，那么延长工作时间应该会更容易些．根据下一句" rather than manual， labour而不是体力劳动，"可知是脑力劳动．故选A．（7）D 考查动词．A． proceed继续； B． continue继续； C． persist坚持； D． quit退出；当然，许多人之所以延长工作时间，并不是因为他们喜欢自己的工作，而是因为他们无力辞职．故选D．（8）C 考查介词短语．A． In conclusion总之； B． In other words换句话说； C． In practice实际上； D． In particular尤其；实际上，平均年龄实际退休的人与官方规定的年龄相差几年，故选C．（9）A 考查动词．A． replacing代替； B． furnishing装饰； C． increasing增加； D． combining联合；然而，公司正逐步用“固定缴款”计划取代与最终工资挂钩的养老金．故选A．（10）B 考查动词．A． registered 注册；B． reinvested投资； C． refunded退款； D． removed移动；在后者下，工人退休时会有一笔储蓄，需要再投资．故选B．（11）B 考查形容词．A． personal个人的； B． severe严重的； C． emotional感情的； D． practical实践的；这要感谢在抚养孩子的这几年里，他们的困难更加严重，他们需要继续工作．故选B．（12）D 考查形容词．A． competitive有竞争力的； B． dominant优势； C． distinguished杰出的；D． disadvantaged劣势；老年工人可能会感到处于不利地位，尤其是在晋升方面．年老的工人在晋升方面肯定是不利的．故选D．（13）A 考查名词．A． employers雇主； B． researchers研究员 C． employees顾工； D． female workers女工人；有两个问题似乎阻碍了雇主的发展．根据下文的“工人要求更高的薪水，技术的短缺”都是雇主需要考虑的问题．故选A．（14）A 考查动词．A． command要求； B． ensure确保； C． oppose反对； D． ignore忽视；首先是年长的工人往往要求更高的薪水．故选A．（15）C 考查名词．A． range范围； B． discipline纪律； C． shortage短缺； D． set放置；第二个问题是技能短缺．根据下一句“one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests．在经合组织国家，55至65岁的人中，有三分之一要么缺乏计算机经验，要么无法通过技术测试．”可知是技术的短缺．故选C．Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【答案】CCD B【考点】议论文阅读科教类阅读【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了艾格尼丝•德米勒作为一名舞蹈演员和编舞在职业生涯中获得的成功．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段A few years later， de Mille choreographed a ballet namedRodeo． Again， she thought her work was solid， but it resulted in little commercial fame．几年后，德•米勒设计了一部名为“罗多”的芭蕾舞剧，她又一次认为自己的作品是扎实的，但它并没有带来多少商业上的名气．可知德米勒的芭蕾舞剧《牛仔竞技》它没有获得多少成功；故选C．（2）C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段 She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations．她以为她在俄克拉荷马州工作！与她的其他作品相比只是一般的．可知德米勒对音乐剧《俄克拉荷马州》的巨大成功感到困惑；故选C．（3）D．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Martha was Martha Graham， perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century．（Although not as well﹣known by the general public， Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．玛莎是玛莎•格雷厄姆，也许是20世纪最有影响力的舞蹈编导．（虽然公众并不那么有名，格雷厄姆被比作其他创作天才，如毕加索或弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特．可知文中提到毕加索和弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特是为了暗示玛莎•格雷厄姆是她所在领域最有影响力的艺术家；故选D．（4）B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly， to keep the channel open．这个世界不会拥有它．这不是你的事来决定它有多好，它有多有价值，它如何与其他表达方式相比．保持它的清晰和直接，保持频道开放是你的事．可知雷厄姆会认为你应该时刻保持对激励你的欲望的开放；故选B【答案】BBC【考点】应用文阅读广告布告类阅读【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个地区的集装箱的房子的特点以及其里面的一些设施【解答】（1） B 细节理解题．根据第一段“Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses． These 20﹣or 40﹣foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece， and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city pla nners consider them the future of home building． Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers．装箱作为传统房屋的替代品越来越受欢迎．这些20英尺或40英尺的集装箱每件只要几百美元就可以买到，一些行业专业人士甚至城市规划师认为它们是房屋建筑的未来也就不足为奇了用集装箱建造的房子．”可知集装箱房子建造成本更低．故选B．（2） B 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段“Eac h resident enjoys a bathroom， kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters． The complex even has central heating and high﹣speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes．每个居民都有浴室、厨房和独立的睡眠和学习区．该综合楼甚至有中央暖气和高速互联网以及停放自。

2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2020-2021学年上海市徐汇中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConsumer Electronics Show (CES) is a global stage where the world’s next-generation inventions are introduced towards the marketplace, and lots of companies are participating. Here are several of the amazing inventions that were introduced at the showin 2020.August Wi-Fi Smart LockIt's an intelligent door lock to protect your home, and it works on Wi-Fi. The lock doesn’t require any additional hardware to attach to it and can be used with the existing door lock. The owner can remotely access the door from anywhere to lock or unlock and can provide guest keys to family or friends. It keeps statistics and records of your door’s “lock”, “unlock”, and who have visited.Motion PillowIt’s a pillow developed for anyone who has a snoring (打鼾) problem. The solution box detects, records, and analyses the sleeping person’s snoring patterns. By changing the internal airbag’s pressure, it fixes the position of the sleeping person’s neck and head gently to improve his breathing. Three layers of noise-reducing material minimize the user’s sleeping disturbance.Ao AirIt’s a high-tech face-covering wearable air purifier with no tight seal on the mouth and nose. The purifier pulls air inside through a filtration (过滤) process and uses fans to createa clean area in front of the device. It’s designed in such a way that it can clean more than 98 % of PM2.5 through filtration.Transparent HoodThe company Continental showed off this revolutionary invention at CES 2020 that got the Best Vehicle Intelligence and Transportation Award. It’s a technology that gives the driver the ability to see barriers and blind spots from the driving seat. Four cameras take surrounding pictures so that the driver can see the real-time blind spots and prevent even parking damage too.1.Who is the text mainly intended for?A.The general public.B.The science lovers.C.The electronic companies.D.The college students.2.Which of the following descriptions of Motion pillow is correct?A.It’s intended for all those who can’t sleep well.B.It can help sleepers breathe smoothly.C.It can remove the noise around to help people sleep.D.Its pressure is changed by sleepers themselves.3.What can we infer from the text?A.August Wi-Fi Smart Lock helps improve the safety of homes.B.Ao Air produces fresh air for its users.C.Motion Pillow reduces material to minimize sleeping disturbance.D.Transparent Hood helps make driving safer and easier.BCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.4. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.5. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.6. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.7. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.CPortraits as ArtAccording to a dictionary, portraiture is “a representation (描绘) of a person, especially of the face by drawing or painting alikeness.” However, this definition neglects the complexities of portraiture. Portraits are works of art that engage with ideas of identity rather than just a likeness. These concepts of identity involve social rank, gender, age, profession, character of the subject, etc. It is impossible to copy all the aspects of identity. Therefore, portraits reflect only certain qualities of subjects. Portrait art has also undergone significant shifts in artistic practice. The majority of portraits are the outcome of current artistic fashions and favored styles. Therefore, portrait art is an art category providing various engagement with social, psychological, and artistic practices and expectations.Since portraits are different from other art categories, they are worthy of separate study. During their production, portraits require the presence of a specific person, or an image of the individual. In many instances, the production of portraiture has required sittings, which result in interaction between the subject(s) and the artist throughout the creation of the work. In certain instances, portrait artists depended on a combination of different involvement with their subjects. If the sitter can’t sit in the studio regularly, portraitists could use his or her photographs. InEurope, during the seventeenth and eighteenth century, the sitting time was sometimes decreased by focusing only on the head. Theoretically, portraitists could work from impressions or memories when creating a painting, but this rarely occurred according to documented records. Nonetheless, whether thework is based on model sittings, copying a photograph, or using memory, the process of painting a portrait is linked with the model’s attendance.Furthermore, portrait painting can be distinguished from other artistic categories by its connection with appearance, or likeness. As such, the art of portrait painting got a reputation for imitation instead of for artistic innovation. Based on Renaissance art theory, portraiture was related to the level of a mechanical exercise as opposed to a fine art. Michelangelo’s well-known protest against portraits is only one example. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the attitude to portraiture was critical. Even so, artists from around the globe persisted in painting portraits despite their theoretical objections. Picasso, for example, became widely-known forcubist still-life painting(立体派静物画) early in his career, but some of his early experiments in this new style were his portraits of art dealers.8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A. The changing definition of portraiture reflects shifting attitudes to it.B. Most portraits reflect artistic fashions and favored styles when created.C. Portraiture is a more complex art form than is defined in a dictionary.D. Portrait art shouldn’t be seen as a distinct art category for its complexity.9. Which of the following is a characteristic of portraiture mentioned in paragraph 2?A. Portraiture typically takes much less time than other art forms.B. Portraiture often requires frequent cooperation between artists.C. Portraits show models in a more accurate way than other art forms.D. Portraits generally involve interaction between subjects and artists.10. According to paragraph 2, during portraits’ production, artists __________.A. based their work on the subjects’ attendanceB. preferred models’ photographs to their presenceC. were more willing to use impressions or memoriesD. reduced sitting time to concentrate on a sitter’s head11. Picasso is chosen as an example by the author because he __________.A. altered the way other artists felt about portrait artB. created portraits in spite of his objection to portrait artC. depended on portrait art to establish a higher reputationD. had fewer theoretical objections to portraitures than othersDThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to the world. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.12. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.13. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.14. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.15. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市徐汇中学西校区高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020届上海市徐汇中学西校区高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoeswill last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.4. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.5. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.6. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.7. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.CDear Jack,I remember the moment— it truly hit me that your autism (自闭症) lasted forever. I had already mentally planned our trips up north with the boys. I was going to spend endless hours playing baseball with you— like Grandpa did with me.When we said goodbye to kindergarten I knew it was real. I spent some time being sad. Now you are 8. You still have no words. We have never had one of those father-son moments I pictured when you were a baby. But I'm learning that's OK. I still have unbelievable things to offer as your dad, even if they weren't the things I originally expected.You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it's OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn't go as planned. You have taught me that it is OK to talk about those feelings and fight for what is right. Stand up and say this is wrong, and encourage others to stand up for you and say the same.My job on this earth is to create a world for you and other kids like you. Be the voice you don't have, and build the kind of community which I want to see you grow up in. I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them. Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn't have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice. You did that for me. And hope my example will do that for others.Your mom and I have spent 8 years trying to find your voice. And honestly, we don't know if we ever will. I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you.8. To whom is the text written?A. The author's son.B. The author's wife.C. The author's father.D. The author's friend.9. What can be learned about the author?A. He's at a loss what to do to help Jack.B. He's to blame for Jack s present condition.C. He has changed his attitude to the disabled.D. He hasn't accepted the reality up to now.10. How does the author sound in the text?A. Sympathetic.B. Caring.C. Regretful.D. Indifferent.11. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Sports.D. Relationship.DThe herd of elephants moving north after leaving the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve in Yunnan province has drawn widespread public attention, with tens of millions of people following its movement on TV programs and social media platforms.But this is not because it’s the first time wild Asian Elephants have wandered away from their habitat and headed northward, but for only this time the herd has traveled more than 400 kilometers as far as Kunming. Photographs, videos and stories of the herd’s movement have sparked widespread discussions even overseas.However, there is a need to go behind the “cute photos” and the seemingly “fantastic” event and identify the reasons why wild elephants are leaving their habitat, and find ways to establish harmonious human-animalrelationship within habitats and the surrounding forests and human settlements. It is important to scientifically mark the limits of the habitats for elephants and other animals in Xishuangbanna and elsewhere in the country for ecological reasons as well.Planting trees is a key and fundamental step toward restoration of nature. Yet long-term investment and a more scientific approach are needed to maintain the remaining forests as well as to extend the forest cover and strengthen conservation.Nevertheless, tree cover alone doesn’t mean a suitable habitat for all animals, for different species need different types of vegetation to survive and breed. The elephant herd in Yunnan is a reminder that we have to scientifically conserve the existing forests and turn them into suitable habitats for different species of animals and birds, which will ultimately benefit humans.More ambitious targets should be set to rebuild or improve the food chain, and measures taken to ensure forest resources help wildlife flourish, in order to establish a harmonious human-animal relationship.Forests around the globe are still shrinking, particularly those in tropical and developing countries. The next decade therefore will be extremely important for the world’s forests and wildlife, and China can play a leading role in saving them by better protecting its forests and expanding its forest cover.12. Why has the herd of elephants caused so much public interest?A. There exist heated discussions in the whole country even overseas.B. TV programs and social media platforms want to benefit from them.C. They are the first wild Asian Elephants to leave their natural habitat.D. The elephants has traveled a long distance and lived in harmony with humans.13. What can we infer from the third paragraph about the “fantastic” event?A. More research on the reasons behind the event is required.B. Scientists need to limit the habitats for elephants and other animals.C. People should find ways to have a good relationship with elephants.D. There’s an urgent demand for detailed information about the elephants.14. Which method is provided in the passage to restore nature?A. Expanding the coverage of forest.B. Getting the government’s policy support.C. Bringing up various ways to protect the forests.D. Offering more kinds of vegetation to all animals.15. What does this event of elephants leaving their habitats remind us to do?A. To set more goals to change the food chain.B. To be aware of the situation of the existing forests.C. To realize harmonious coexistence of human and nature.D. To reduce the destruction of the forests around the globe.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海徐汇教院附中高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020年上海徐汇教院附中高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people.1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Entering a bike race.B. Offering vital help.C. Doing unimportant things.D. Playing the leading role.2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?A. Its main character is perfect.B. It is a female-led science fiction.C. It is intended to appeal to girls only.D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.3. Which of the following best describes the author's book?A. Serious and abstract.B. Simple and practical.C. Creative and well-organized.D. Inspiring and interesting.BGuangzhououtbreak linked to strains inIndiaThe gene sequencing of the COVID-19 outbreak inGuangzhou.Guangdongprovince, indicates it is very similar in structure to the mutatedstrains detected inIndia, a senior health official from the city said on Sunday.“And it has the characteristic of quick spread.” Chen Bin, deputy director of the city's health commission, said at a news conference inGuangzhouon Sunday.She urged relevant departments and medical staff to act quickly to block the chain of infection and control the spread of the coronavirus in the southern metropolis.Zhang Zhoubin, deputy director of theGuangzhoucenter for disease control and prevention, said the strain of coronavirus spreads easily.“The virus can be spread through a meal or through a short period of indirect contact,” he said.The city reported five confirmed eases and 21 asymptomatic carriers as of 2 pm Sunday after the first con finned case was detected in the city's Liwan district on May 21, Chen said.To prevent the virus from spreading, the city government tightened its disease control and prevention measures over the weekend. Six communities and housing estates previously designated as low-risk areas were raised to medium-risk ones, Chen said.In addition to asking local residents to get vaccinated, the city has organized nucleic acid testing in Haizhu and Yuexiu districts starting from Sunday. Residents in specific areas of Tianhe, Baiyun and Panyu districts have also been required to take nucleic acid tests to expand the screening of suspected patients and asymptomatic carriers.Liwan previously required all its residents to take nucleic acid tests.As of Saturday, more than 2-25 million residents of the city have had samples collected for nucleic acid tests, Chen said. More than 10,000 medical workers from the entire city have been sent to Liwan to help vaccinate locals against COVID-19 and collect samples for nucleic acid testing.Deng Wenjun, director of circulation section with Guangzhou Supply and Marketing Cooperative, said there are sufficient supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas.4. What is the characteristic of the COVID-19 which broke out inGuangzhou?A. It disappears quickly.B. It spreads fast.C. It has a lot to do with temperature.D. It has the same nature as the seasonal flu.5. Which district have residents who have not been required to take nucleic acid tests?A. Tianhe.B. Haizhu.C. Panyu.D. Zengcheng.6. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The virus can hardly be spread through a short period of indirect contact.B. There are 21 symptomatic carriers in the Liwan district as of 2 pm Sunday.C. All the people living in Liwan district arc previously asked to take nucleic acid tests.D. Supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas arc still not enough.7. Where can you probably find this article?A. On a news website.B. In a fashion magazine.C. In a history book.D. In a travel journal.CAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.8. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.9. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to10. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.11. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.DToo much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn andeven reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an averageof less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest whilethose with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to increasing findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.12. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.A. have had computers in their bedroomsB. not be interested in mathC. be unable to go to collegeD. have watched a lot of TV13. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.C. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.D. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.14. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.C. More time should be spent on computers.D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done15. What would be the best title for this text?A. Computers or TelevisionB. Effects of Television on ChildrenC. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Children's Learning Habits第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGetting your kid to bed at night is seriously one of the most challenging things you'll ever have to do. Most kids are just so full of energy that they'll tire you out before they're halfway through their store of energy. An easy thing to calm down your child to get into bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time. However, it's really not a great idea, just like you thought.Researchers at theArizonaStateUniversityconducted a study with 547 kids between the ages of 7 to 9. Their parents tracked how much screen time the kids were allowed along with their sleep patterns. The study found that kids who did not engage in screen time before bed slept for 23 more minutes every week and also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than those playing with iPad. Although that might not seem like so much more time, quality of sleep is vastly important in Children's development.The CDC's (美国疾病控制中心)2018 National Youth Risk Survey outlines that good quality sleep can impact a child's life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain. Students with an "A" average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a "D" or"F" average.A 2018PennsylvaniaStateUniversitystudy showed that children with irregular bedtimes had a higher risk of having increased body weight. Those with consistent and age-appropriate bedtimes when they were 9 years old had a healthier BMI (体质指数)at age 15 than those with irregular bedtimes.Hard as it is, it's really important not to give in and hand over an iPad to your child who is about to go to bed. Just like it's important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions, it's even more important for kids.1. What do the findings of the researchers at theArizonaStateUniversitysuggest?A. More sleep is necessary for children's development.B. Enough sleep helps improve academic performances.C. Screen time before bed leads to later and less sleep.D. Children sleeping irregularly are easy to gain weight.2. What is the text mainly about?A. How is screen time affecting teenagers?B. What are negative effects of irregular bedtimes?C. When should you get your kid to bed at night?D. Why is screen time before bed a bad idea for kids?3. Who is the text intended for?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BYou’re in a crowd of people who are all asking for the same thing. How do you make your voice heard above the rest? Be different. Don’t shout. Lisa, 25, was waiting to board a plane flying fromLondontoAustriafor Christmaswhen the flight was cancelled.“There were about a hundred of us unable to leave,” she says. “Everyone else was shouting at the airport staff. Instead of joining in, I walked up to the man behind the ticket desk very quietly and said, ‘This must be so awful for you! I don’t know how you deal with these situations—it’s not even your fault. I could never handle it as well as you are.’ Without my even asking, he found me a seat on another airline with an upgrade to first class. He was happy to do a favor forsomeone who was appreciative instead of unfriendliness.”Flattery (恭维) is an essential element of the sweet-talk strategy. “It’s human psychology that stroking a person’s ego (自我) with a few well-directed praises makes them want to prove you right,” says apsychologist. “Tell someone they’re pretty and they’ll instantly fix their hair; praise their sense of humor and they’ll tell a joke.”You need help and there’s ly no reason that the person will want to lend a hand. Allison, 26. a lawyer, realized she’d made a huge mistake on a batch of documents. “The only way I could fix the problem was to get the help of a colleague who I knew didn’t like me,” she said.Allison then went to the woman’s office and explained her problem. “As I was saying to the boss the other day you’re the only person who would know how to handle a situation like this, what would you suggest I do?” “Feeling pumped up (鼓励), she set about helping me and we finished the job on time, and she was happy to help.” Allison said.4. Whatwould have happened at the airport according to paragraph 1?A. The departure hall was filled with noise.B. Someone screamed just lo be different.C. The passengers waited on board patiently.D. The airport stuff were rude to the passengers.5. Why did the man put Lisa on another airline?A. He admired Lisa’s beauty.B. He appreciated her attitude.C. He was ready to help others.D. He was blamed for the cancellation.6. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The potential benefits of ego.B. The strategy to start small talk.C. The great importance of flattery.D. The value of humor in daily life.7. What can we learn about Allison’s colleague?A. She was a popular lawyer.B. She was always ready to help others.C. She always got praise from Allison.D. She did a great favor for Allison eventually.CA trip to thelibrary was like a great journey to a different country. To get there, we had to walk a mile. But our weekly journeys to the library were a piece of perfection. I had around me at one time all the people I loved best-my father and mother and brothers and sister--and all the things I loved best- quiet, space and books.I read a lot of books about science: not the spaceships my brothers preferred, but the birds and the bees--literally. I brought home a book of birds and searched the trees for anything other than robins (知更鸟). I went through a phrase of loving books with practical science experiments and used up a whole bottle of white vinegar by pouring it on the sides of our apartment building to prove that it was constructed of limestone (石灰石).One Saturday, as I wandered through the young adult section, I saw a title: Little Women, by Lousia May Alcott. I had learned from experience that titles weren’t everything. A book that sounded great on the shelf could be dull once you got it home. So I sat in a chair near the shelves to skim the first paragraphs.I read and read and read Little Women until it was time to walk home, and, except for a few essential interruptions like sleeping and eating, I did not put it down until the end. Even the freedom to watch weekend television held no appeal for me in the wake of Alcott' s story. It was about girls, for one thing, girls who could almost be like me, especially Jo. I had found someone who thought and felt the way I did.8. What can we say about the author’s family?A. They enjoyed traveling abroad.B. They were library frequenters.C. They were very fond of walking.D. They led a perfectly quiet life.9. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 2?A. Her different hobbies from her brothers.B. How she conducted science experiments.C. Why she loved books about the birds and the bees.D. Her reading interests during a particular period of time.10. What opinion does the author hold on books?A. Book titles can sometimes be misleading.B. Science books are as interesting as novels.C. The first few paragraphs of a book are attractive.D. Books seem duller when read in libraries than at home.11. How would the author describe Little Women?A. It helped her to discover her true character.B. It made her forget about food and sleep.C. It inspired confidence in her.D. It kept her absorbed.DByteDance（字节跳动）Group’s TikTok, an overseas version of Chinese short video sharing app Douyin, faces an existential crisis in the United States, as murmurs of a “crackdown”（强制取缔）from the White House forced the Chinese company toengage in talks on selling its US business to Microsoft.TikTok is the fastest-growing registered global mobile internet app, with more than 100 million users, and its rapid growth, especially in the US, is seen as a threat to Facebook. The US government has long viewed globally competitive Chinese high-tech companies including Huawei as a threat and done whatever it could to crack down on（打击）them in the name of “national security”.The US government has not introduced any specific policy against TikTok only threatened it through a number of unclear statements.According to the latest media reports, Microsoft is prepared to press ahead withthe negotiations to take over TikTok’s US operations and complete the negotiations by Sept 15, following talks between Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and US President Donald Trump.This means that TikTok will have to hand its fate over to some unpredictable power, and even have to sell its assets without the option of setting a price.The US government has failed to find a reasonable legal excuse to deal with TikTok. All private data of TikTok’s US users are stored in the US and are unlikely to be transferred. Considering the US government is trying to dealwith TikTok in a political way, TikTok should consider incorporating（合并）the dispute into the US legal process to assert（坚持）its legal rights and interests.TiKTok’s core value lies in its unique algorithms,a product of artificial intelligence that represents the expertise of Chinese engineers and programmers with high-value intellectual property.The US government’s move, which has forced ByteDance to sell TikTok to a US company, is similar to a forced technology transfer and an example of the US’ openseizureof Chinese intellectual property.If ByteDance sells TikTok to a US company for “security reasons", that would set a dangerous precedent, motivating other countries where TikTok operates to follow the US administration's example and cause a chain reaction.ByteDance is a young Chinese private company that cannot deal with a political game played by the US. But as a Chinese company that has gone global, ByteDance has reasons to take up legal means to defend its legal rights. The Chinese government can also consider examining whether the technology transfer in the deal violates China’s law and harms the country’s national interests.12. What is the most valuable as for TikTok?A. Its global popularity.B. Its artificial intelligence.C. Its registered global mobile internet app.D. Its private data of TikTok’s worldwide users.13. Why does the American government force the Chinese company to hand over TikTok’s US operations to a US company?A. Out of so-called political reasons.B. Out of so-called debt reasons.C. Out of so-called technical reasons.D. Out of so-called security reasons.14. What does the underlined word “seizure”probably mean in Para. 8?A. An untrue spoken statement about someone.B. The use of legal authority to take sth from sb.C. The crime of stealing sth from a person or place.D. The act of trying to hurt somebody using physical violence.15. What can be the best title for the news report?A. TikTok must defend its rights legallyB. TikTok is seen as a threat to FacebookC. ByteDance has to sell TikTok to a US companyD. ByteDance agrees to transfer technology第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACanadais one of the most beautiful countries in the world. Here are 4 attractive places worth your visit.ChurchillChurchill is a town with the nickname "Polar Bear Capital of the World”, where tourists can safely view polar bears from special vehicles in the autumn and winter. Thousands of beluga whales, which move into the warmer waters of theChurchill Riverduring July and August, are a major summer attraction. Churchill is also a destination for bird watchers from late May until August.Niagara FallsNiagara Fallsis a group of three waterfalls, crossing the border betweenCanadaand theUnited States. The largest of the three is Horseshoe Falls, also known asCanadian Falls. Niagara Falls illumination（彩灯）is a must for any visitor! Every night of the year, the three waterfalls are illuminated in color1 s creating an attractive scene that can be viewed from near and far.VancouverVancouverisCanada's third-largest city, always named as one of the top five worldwide cities for its comfortable environment and quality of life.Vancouverhas an active nightlife scene, whether its food and dining, or bars and nightclubs. From mid-June to early July, the Vancouver International Jazz Festival features 300 concerts, including a free opening Downtown Jazz Weekend.OttawaThe capital ofCanadais situated on the banks of theOttawa Riverand has a lot ofEnglish buildings in it. It is a beautiful city which has the Parliament buildings on the banks and English influenced houses and parks around. There are museums and art galleries that will give you a complete knowledge of the English culture there. It is really the heart ofCanada. So if you are a history and art loverOttawais the best choice for your visit inCanada.1. If you want to watch birds, which place will you choose to visit?A. Churchill.B.Niagara Falls.C. Vancouver.D.Ottawa.2. What is the best season for visitingVancouver?A. Spring.B. Summer.C. Autumn.D. Winter.3. What doNiagara FallsandVancouverhave in common?A. They are both famous for natural scenery.B. The best visiting time are both at nights.C. They are both located inCanadaentirely.D. The tickets there are both free at weekends.BHumans are the only creature that gets around by standing up and putting one foot in front of the other. Our ability to walk upright has allowed humankind to travel great distances and survive changing climates, environments and landscapes.Countless scientific studies have found that walking is really good for us and this simple act can provide a number of healthimplications, which help people live longer. In fact, a walking routine, if done properly, might be the only exercise people need.How much walking should one aim for? You’ve likely heard we need 10,000 steps a day. That’s about 5 miles. But contrary to popular belief, this recommendation doesn’t come from science. Instead, itis from a 1960s advertising campaign to promote a pedometer (计步器) in Japan. Perhaps because it’s a round number and easy to remember, it stuck.Since the 1960s, researchers have studied the 10,000-steps-a-day standard and have turned up mixed results. Although 10,000 steps is certainly a healthy and worthwhile goal, it’s not fit for all.For instance, a recent Harvard University study involving more than 16,000 senior women found that those who got at least 4,400 steps a day greatly reduced their risk of dying early when compared with less active women. The study also noted that these benefits continued up to 7,500 steps. This 7,500 mark isn’t surprising: It’s similar to common public health recommendations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate (适度的) physical activity a week for adults.4. What does the underlined word “implications” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. BenefitsB. Problems.C. Habits.D. Manners.5. Where does the 10,000-steps-a-day standard come from?A. A Harvard University study.B. Science research on health.C. A pedometer advertisement.D. Public health recommendation.6. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. 7,500-steps-a-day standard is the best choice for all.B. More than 16,000 old people were involved in the study.C. Those who walk at least 4,400 steps a day won’t die early.D. 150-minute moderate exercise a week for adults is advised.7. What does the author mainly want to tell readers?A. The more you walk a day, the healthier you will be.B. We can benefit from continuous and proper walking.C. Walking upright helps humankind to explore the world.D. Advertisements can always tell us some scientific suggestions .CWhy can friendships be hard? Because often people aren't as honest and open as they should be. Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you'd like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship, because it is really the only way to make sure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you, if he or she is in your shoes.Even if you're always thinking about how you'd like to be treated, and your friends are too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends, or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal withthese issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship.8. Why may problems with friendships appear?A. One is selfish.B. One is alone.C. One is too anxious.D. One is too busy.9. What's the first and most important thing to be other people's friend?A. Not to hurt your friends' feelings.B. To give your friends whatever you have.C. To treat your friends as fairly as possible.D. Not to think of your own needs any more.10. What is the text mainly about?A. The Meaning of FriendshipsB. The Importance of FriendshipsC. The Advantages of FriendshipsD. The Problems with Friendships11. What may follow the last paragraph of the text?A. How to make many friends.B. How to keep friends happy.C. How to treat friends correctly.D. How to solve friendship issues.DShe is one of mankind’s oldest ancestors and is more than three million years old. New analysis of the arm bones of Lucy, an early hominid, suggests she was a tree climber. Lucy’s remains were uncovered in Ethiopia in the 1970s, with the 3.18 million-year-old skeleton(骨骼)being the most complete of any upright, walking human ancestor. Since she was discovered, researchers have debated whether she spent her life in the trees or spent time walking on the plains as well.The new evidence from scans of her arm bones proves she spent time climbing and used her arms to pull herself up. The scans were compared with cross sections of humans and chimpanzees, which spend a mixture of time in trees and walking on all fours on the ground. They found that the arm bones were more heavily built, similar to those of chimps, while her lower limbs(下肢)would have meant she walked less efficiently than modern humans. Professor John Kappelman, atUniversityofTexas, believes the advantage of his study was that it focusedon characteristics that reflect actual behavior during life, suggesting that evenwhen Lucy walked upright, she may have done so less efficiently than modern humans, limiting her ability to walk long distances on the ground.Previous studies suggested that Lucy was just 4 feet tall and weighed just 65 pounds. Combining the new data paints a picture of an ancestor who may have spent a great amount of her time in trees. It also expands on evidence from earlier this year which claimed that Lucy may have died from a fall, most likely from a tree. The evidence suggests Lucy may have spent time on the ground, returning to the safety of the trees for food and to sleep, to avoid her enemies.12. What did the researchers argue about after Lucy was discovered?A. Where she lived.B. How long she lived.C. What she ate.D. How she worked.13. How could people tell Lucy spent time climbing?A. By her walking style.B. By her heavily built arm bones.C. By her strong lower limbs.D. By her large cross sections.14. When Lucy walked, she may________.A. have walked with bigger stepsB. have walked at a faster speedC. have walked more efficiently than usD. have walked a shorter distance than us15. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Guesses about Lucy’s characteristics.B. Some evidence of Lucy’s health.C. The safety of Lucy.D. The ancestor of Lucy.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷

2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．Buying a handbag．B．Trying on a piece of clothing．C．Taking a picture．D．Attending a fashion show．2．（1分）A．To the library．B．To the school．C．To the cafeteria．D．To the cinema．3．（1分）A．Make a budget．B．Buy the painting．C．Decorate the living room．D．Bargain with the art dealer．4．（1分）A．She didn't get the promotion．B．She doesn't look attractive．C．She is not in good mood．D．She can't stand foggy days．5．（1分）A．The man needs to arrive earlier．B．The woman has to work overtime．C．The woman dislikes air travel．D．The man wants to save money．6．（1分）A．He has earned a big fortune．B．He is good at saving．C．He has little money．D．He spends money like water．7．（1分）A．He didn't attend the ceremony．B．He took a lot of precious pictures．C．He forgot to take his cell phone．D．His recorded the ceremony with his camera．8．（1分）A．Set a deadline for the staff to meet．B．Encourage his staff to work harder．C．Ask for a progress report on the project．D．Hold a conversation with his employees．9．（1分）A．He doesn't need a vacation．B．The company is short of hands．C．He is afraid of losing the job．D．The boss told him to take a chance．10．（1分）A．No seats are available now．B．It's not the right time to enter．C．It's too dark for him to find the seat．D．She can't get in until the interview ends．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 11．（4.5分）（1）A．More cheerful．B．Less stressed．C．More resolute．D．Less attractive．（2）A．To find out how clothes can affect people's feelings．B．To show how scientists pay more attention to details．C．To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats．D．To test the effect of clothes on people's attention．（3）A．Body movements change the way people think．B．How people dress can change their appearance．C．What people wear can affect their performance．D．People doing different jobs wear different clothes．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters．B．People trained to respond to medical emergencies．C．Super heroes devoted to defending the earth．D．Doctors and nurses who provide medical services．（2）A．Decent andpromising．B．Busy but secure．C．Tough and stressful．D．Demanding but well﹣paid．（3）A．Passing a physical training program．B．Getting a certificate in CPR （心肺复苏术）．C．Possessing a medical school diploma．D．Keeping calm in any situation．13．（6分）（1）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（2）A．Jogging．B．Swimming．C．Tennis．D．Cycling．（3）A．Launch a new promotion campaign．B．Carry out another survey．C．Increase the production of athletic shoes．D．Hold more athletic competitions．（4）A．Make products more appealing．B．Follow the trend．C．Focus on fitness business．D．Target older customers．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Once upon a time …Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers．At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure ﹣a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard．（1）（inspire），the brothers began collecting their own stories，listening to the folktales people told them．Soon they produced their own treasure ﹣a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations （2）（come）．The brothers Grimm，Jacob and Wilhelm，named their story collection Children's and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812．The collection （3）（translate）into more than 160 languages up to now．The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media：theatre，opera，comic books，movies，paintings，rock music，advertising and fashion．Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms．During their lifetimes the collection （4）（sell）few copies in Germany．The early editions were not even aimed at children．They had no illustrations，and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales （5）．Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time （6）Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon．The new rulers restricted local culture．As young scholars，the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany．（7）the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales，Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857．In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents，he stressed the moral ofeach tale and emphasized gender roles．To this day，parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories：keep your promises，don't talk to strangers，work hard，obey your parents．Yet （8）all Wilhelm's additions，the most important part of these stories was left untouched．The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories' bad guys are too much for some parents．So what accounts for their popularity？Some have suggested that it is （9）the characters are always striving for happiness．But the truth probably lies in their origin．Grimms' tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries （界限）of age or culture．The brothers' skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror （10）moods or interests we bring to our reading of them．And so it was that the Grimms' fairy tales lived happily ever after．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）A．distributedB．absolutelyC．infections D．consumeE．harbor F．relianceG．potential H．specific I．originate J．respectively K．revealedMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years，scientists have found microplastics in our soil，tap water，bottled water，beer and even in the air we breathe．And there's growing concern about the （1）health risks they poseto humans．The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely （2）across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled．More than 1，000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame，which was （3）last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide．Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland，two or three pieces per litre were found．Microplastics are not a （4）kind of plastic，but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U．S．National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration．They may （5）from avariety of sources，including cosmetics，clothing，and industrial processes．Humans are known to （6）the tiny plastic particles through food and water，but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined．One study，in Singapore，has found that microplastics can （7）harmful microbes （微生物）．Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches．They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎）and wound （8）in humans．"Microplastics are being found （9）everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing，" said Christian Dunn at Bangor University，Wales，who led the work．"It's no use looking back in 20 years' time and saying：'If only we'd realized just how bad it was．' We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think，as a country and a world，how we can be reducing our （10）on plastic．" III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Since 2008，the average labour﹣force participation rate of 55﹣to 64﹣year﹣olds in OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）countries has risen by eight percentage points．A new OECD report，"Working Better with Age"，points out that the employment of older workers is （1），if prosperity is to be maintained．That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）the value of its older employees．Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours．No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently．But work can keep the mind active and gives people a （3）in life．The first month of retirement may seem pleasant，but （4）is sure to come．Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal．（5），the company of colleagues provides a social network；spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require （6），rather than manual，labour．Of course，many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do，but because they cannot afford to（7）．That is not just because governmentshave been pushing up the state retirement age．（8），the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years．In part，that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work﹣related pensions to supplement it．However，companies are gradually （9）pensions linked to final salaries with "defined contribution" schemes．Under the latter，workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be（10）．The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates．Women tend to have smaller retirement pots （thanks to their years spent raising children），making their difficulties even more （11）．They need to keep working．Older workers may feel （12），particularly when it comes to promotion．Two issues seem to hold （13）back．The first is that older workers tend to （14）higher salaries，because of the seniority system．The second is a （15）of skills；one in three 55﹣to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests．Such problems can be resolved with proper training，but the over﹣55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes．（1）A．shortsighted B．vital C．adequate D．unnecessary （2）A．recognizing B．assessing C．questioning D．transforming （3）A．frame B．choice C．lesson D．purpose（4）A．liberty B．boredom C．priority D．motivation （5）A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Furthermore （6）A．mental B．simple C．physical D．routine（7）A．proceed B．continue C．persist D．quit（8）A．In conclusion B．In other words C．In practice D．In particular （9）A．replacing B．furnishing C．increasing D．combining （10）A．registered B．reinvested C．refunded D．removed （11）A．personal B．severe C．emotional D．practical （12）A．competitive B．dominant C．distinguished D．disadvantaged（13）A．employers B．researchers C．employees D．female workers （14）A．command B．ensure C．oppose D．ignore（15）A．range B．discipline C．shortage D．setSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer （编舞）．Early in her career，de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil．She thought it was good work，but nobody made much of it．A few years later，de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo．Again，she thoughther work was solid，but it resulted in little commercial fame．Then，in 1943，de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!，a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success．In the coming years，Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2，212 performances，both around the nation and abroad．In 1955，the film version won an Academy Award．But the success of Oklahoma! didn't bring her much happiness．She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations．She later said，"After the opening of Oklahoma!，I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good，after years of neglect for work I thought was fine．I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy．I talked to Martha．"Martha was Martha Graham，perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century．（Although not as well﹣known by the general public，Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．）During their conversation，de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration．"I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent，but no faith that I could be．"Graham responded by saying，"There is a vitality，a life force，an energy，a quickening that is translated through you into action，and because there is only one of you in all of time，this expression isunique．And if you block it，it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost．The world will not have it．It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions．It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly，to keep the channel open．"（1）What can be learned about de Mille's ballet named Rodeo？A．Itearned her a large fortune．B．It made her rise to fame overnight．C．It didn't enjoy much success．D．It laid a solid foundation for her career．（2）How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!？A．Relieved．B．Ashamed．C．Confused．D．Proud．（3）Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham．A．was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB．enjoyed the same popularity as themC．had been influenced greatly by themD．was the most influential artist in her field（4）Which of the following statements best represents Graham's words in this passage？A．Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness．B．You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you．C．Your action reveals the inner landscape，which is the soul of music．D．Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life．18．（6分）Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses．These 20﹣or 40﹣foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece，andit's not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building．Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers．London Container City（I and II）London's Container City first sprang up in the heart of the docklands in 2001．It took just five months to complete the original 12 work studios．Shortly after that，a fourth floor of studios and living apartments was built on top of these．The first container city was so successful that another ﹣Container City II ﹣was added to it．Los Angeles Redondo Beach houseWith its modern lines and appealing spaces，the award﹣winning Redondo Beach House is a luxury beachside showpiece built from eight recycled steel shipping containers，along with some traditional building materials．According to the architects，the modified containers are "nearly indestructible"．Amsterdam KeetwonenAmsterdam's massive Keetwonen complex houses 1，000 students and it is the largest container city in the world．The housing project is a roaring success and features units that are quiet and comfortable．Each resident enjoys a bathroom，kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters．The complex even has central heating and high﹣speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes．Mexico M2ATK Container HouseM2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist．It's fully equipped with heating and cooling，a kitchen and bathroom．On the bottom floor of the house are "public spaces" such as the kitchen and living room．The second floor is the bedroom，and the top floor is a studio space in which to work，read and "let fly the imagination"．（1）Compared to traditional houses，container houses are．A．easier to maintainB．less expensive to buildC．more comfortable to live inD．more fashionable in style（2）What can be learned about Amsterdam's Keetwonen complex？A．It is the first container city in the world．B．It's equipped with modern facilities．C．It features a luxury and unique style．D．It includes living space and car parks．（3）Which of the following is the best title for the poster？A．Recycled material for Ideal HomeB．Shipping Container Home ChallengesC．Home in a Steel BoxD．Housing Options and Solutions19．（8分）On August 29th，as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America's east coast，Elon Musk，the boss of Tesla，an electric﹣car maker，announced that some of his customers inthe storm's path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge．Like many modern vehicles，Mr．Musk's products are best thought of as internet﹣connected computers on wheels．The cheaper models in Tesla's line ﹣up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car's software in order to limit their range．At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto，the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries．Mr．Musk's computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend．As computers and connectivity become cheaper，it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not，in themselves，computers，creating an "internet of things"．Such a world will bring many benefits．Consumers will get convenience，and products that can do things non﹣computerized versions cannot．Businesses will get efficiency，as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable．In the long term，though，the most obvious effects will be in how the world works．Ever more companies will become tech companies；the internet will become everywhere．As a result，a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one．Start with ownership．As Mr Musk showed，the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold，transforming them into something closer to services than goods．That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear．When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July，for instance，its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought （the firm offered refunds）．That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller．Virtual business models will jar in the physical world．Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things．But you cannot release the beta version （测试版）of a fridge．Apple，a smartphonemaker，provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release；users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two．But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more．Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on．Data will be another flashpoint．For much of the internet the business model is to offer "free" services that are paid for with valuable user data，collected with consent （同意）that is half﹣informed at best．In the virtual world，arguments about what should be tracked，and who owns the resulting data，can seem airy and theoretical．In the real one，they will feel more urgent．Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard ﹣especially one as universal as computing．The emergence of the consumer internet，25 years ago，was met with starry ﹣eyed optimism．These days the internet's faults dominate the headlines．But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution ﹣which should give them some idea of what to expect．（1）From the passage we can tell that Tesla can．A．drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB．adjust the range of its battery powerC．charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD．operate when the battery is fully drained（2）Which of the following is NOT an example of the "unresolved arguments" mentioned in the passage？A．Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest．B．The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers' premiums（保费）．C．Computerized machinery can't predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance．D． A high﹣tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves．（3）The underlined word jar probably means in this context．A．boomB．conflictC．vanishD．expand（4）This passage is mainly about．A．how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB．the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC．what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD．different views on the current application of Internet TechnologySection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）A．Creativity is associated with many factors．B．Rather，they should work to expand，grow，and exercise it．C．Without creativity，we are indistinguishable from the masses．D．However，creativity can be acquired at any age．E．It's hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from．F．Everyone has the capacity to be creative．Essential CreativityIn a recent survey in America，62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school．（1）It is of course possible to scan people's brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created，but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified．Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it．You cannot demand creativity from your mind，nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way．One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people．This is not true．（2）Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn't true：creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature．Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world．Consequently，it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity．（3）Students should betaught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense．They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful．It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it．It used to be that people worked hard，went to university，and got a job．That was it．But now，everyone works hard，goes to university ﹣and there aren't the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future．（4）We can use it to set ourselves apart，and channel it to face the challenges of the future．IV．Summary Writing21．（15分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area．During the last 100 years，scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity．Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction．It is estimated that 140，000 species of plants are lost each year．Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans．The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests．Most of this destruction is done to create pasture （牧场）for beef cattle．Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming，which supplies beef to the rest of the world．It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced，200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed．The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption．The introduction of exotic （外来的）species is another threat．The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife，which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species．When exotic species are introduced to a place，they try to establish a self﹣sustaining population．While the local species，which haven't had a chance to evolve，often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species．The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem．It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable （i．e．microscopic plants，decaying matter，etc．）into usableforms，namely their bodies．Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species．This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living，and less capable of producing resources that humans need．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）我家门口的街道成天车水马龙．（crowd）23．（3分）中国女排成功卫冕世界冠军，给全国人民以极大的鼓舞．（succeed）24．（4分）本次"城市公共交通周"的活动旨在提高公众节能环保的意识．（aim）25．（5分）我实在想不通为什么大伙儿都觉得他这个人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和蔼可亲的．（strike）VI. Guided Writing26．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假设你是陈芳．你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问．王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校．她通过邮件向你征求意见．写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由．2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．Buying a handbag．B．Trying on a piece of clothing．C．Taking a picture．D．Attending a fashion show．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略2．（1分）A．To the library．B．To the school．C．To the cafeteria．D．To the cinema．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Make a budget．B．Buy the painting．C．Decorate the living room．D．Bargain with the art dealer．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略。