牛津高中英语M5U1单词讲解学习资料

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牛津高中英语高二m5Unit 1 p9-19单词详解

牛津高中英语M5Unit 1 p9-19单词详解mailboxa box, usually outside a house, where someone's letters are delivered or collecteda container where you post lettersBritish Equivalent: postboxthe part of a computer's memory where email messages are storedalgebra n [U] branch of mathematics in which letters and symbols are used to represent quantities 代数学; 代数. > algebraic /ældʒəˋbreɪk/ adj. algebraically / -klɪ;-klɪ/ adv.arithmetic / əˋrɪθməˏtɪk/n [U] (a) branch of mathematics that deals with calculations using numbers 算术. (b) these calculations 算术的计算.> arithmetic / ærɪθˋmɛtɪk/, arithmetical adjs of or concerning arithmetic 算术的; 关於算术的. ,arithmetic pro`gression (also arith,metical pro`gression) series of numbers that increase or decrease by the same amount each time, eg 1, 2, 3, etc or 8, 6, 4, etc 算数级数, 等差级数（如1﹑2﹑3等或8﹑6﹑4等）. Cf 参看geometric progression (geometry). arithmetically / / adv.arithmetician / əˋrɪθməˋtɪʃən/ n expert in arithmetic 算术家.Easter / ˈiːstə(r); ˋistɚ/n annual Christian festival, that occurs on a Sunday in March or April, and celebrates the resurrection of Christ after the crucifixion; period about this time 复活节（基督徒一年一度的节日, 於3月或4月的一个星期日, 纪念耶稣在十字架上受刑死後复活）; 复活节期间: [attrib 作定语] ,Easter `Day 复活节日* ,Easter `Sunday 复活节星期日* `Easter week, ie the week beginning on Easter Sunday 复活节周（自复活节星期日起的一周）* the Easter holidays 复活节假期.# `Easter egg egg made of chocolate or a hen's egg with a painted or dyed shell, eaten at Easter 复活节彩蛋.amuse|ment /əmj'uːzmənt/ (amusements)1 [N-UNCOUNT]Amusement is the feeling that you have when you think that something is funny or amusing.He stopped and watched with amusement to see the child so absorbed...Steamers tooted at us as sailors on deck waved in amusement.2 [N-UNCOUNT]Amusement is the pleasure that you get from being entertained or from doing something interesting.I stumbled sideways before landing flat on my back, much to the amusement of the rest of the lads...3 [N-COUNT] usu plAmusements are ways of passing the time pleasantly.People had very few amusements to choose from. There was no radio, or television.= pastime4 [N-PLURAL]Amusements are games, rides, and other things that you can enjoy, for example at a fairground or at the seaside.amuse|ment park (amusement parks)[N-COUNT]An amusement park is the same as a funfair. (mainly AM)circus / ˈsɜːkəs; ˋsəkəs/ n(a) [CGp] travelling company of entertainers, including acrobats, riders, clowns and performinganimals 马戏团. (b) the circus [sing] public performance given by such a company, usu in a large tent 马戏表演（通常在大帐篷中）: go to the circus 看马戏表演.[C] (infml 口) scene of lively action 热闹的场面.[C] (Brit) (in place-names 用於地名) open space in a town where several streets meet （城市中数条街道相会聚的）广场: Piccadilly Circus 皮卡迪利广场. Cf 参看roundabout n [C] (in ancient Rome)round or oval arena for chariot racing and public games （古罗马）（圆形或椭圆形的）竞技场.on|line /'ɒnl'aɪn/also on-line1 [ADJ]If a company goes online, its services become available on the Internet. (BUSINESS, COMPUTING) ...the first bank to go online....an online shopping centre....an online catalogue.2 [ADJ]If you are online, your computer is connected to the Internet. Compare offline. (COMPUTING)You can chat to other people who are online.[ADV] ADV after vOnline is also an adverb....the cool stuff you find online.on line: see lineidentity / aɪˈdentətɪ; aɪˋdɛntətɪ/ n[C, U] who or what sb/sth is 本身; 本体; 身分: There is no clue to the identity of the thief. 没有确定窃贼身分的线索. * The cheque will be cashed on proof of identity. 这张支票凭身分证件兑现. * This is a clear case of mistaken identity, eg when the wrong person is arrested by mistake. 这显然是个误认的案例（如捕错人）.[U] (state of) exact likeness or sameness 相同（性）; 一致（性）.# i`dentity card (also ID card / ˈaɪˈdiː kɑːd; ˈaɪˋdiˈkɑrd/), i`dentity disc card or disc, often with a photograph, carried or worn by sb to show who he is 身分卡, 身分证章（通常有相片, 供本人携带或佩带）.absurd / əbˈsɜːd; əbˋsəd/ adjunreasonable; not sensible 不合理的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的: What an absurd suggestion! 多麽荒唐的建议!* It was absurd of you to suggest such a thing. 你竟提出这种事, 真荒唐.foolish in a funny way; ridiculous 愚蠢得可笑的; 怪诞不经的: That uniform makes them look absurd.他们穿着那种制服看起来怪模怪样的. > absurdity n [U, C]. absurdly adv.hopeless / ˈhəuplɪs; ˋhoplɪs/ adjmost unlikely to improve, succeed, be settled, etc; causing despair 没有希望的; 令人绝望的: ahopeless situation, struggle, attempt, etc 没有希望的局势﹑斗争﹑尝试等* It's hopeless trying to convince her. 要说服她是没有希望的. * Most of the students are making good progress but Jeremy seems a hopeless case, ie he cannot or will not learn anything. 大多数学生进步都很快, 但杰里米却似乎无可救药.~ (at sth) (infml 口) (of a person) lacking in ability or skill; incompetent （指人）无能的, 无技巧的, 不能胜任的: a hopeless cook, teacher, etc 滥竽充数的厨子﹑教员等* He's hopeless at maths. 他对数学一窍不通. > hopelessly adv: a hopelessly ill patient 身患绝症的病人* be hopelessly lost 完全失去踪影* be hopelessly in love, in debt 堕入情网﹑债台高筑不能自拔. hopelessness n [U].overcome / ˈəuvəˈkʌm; ˈovɚˋkʌm/v (pt overcame/- ˈkeɪm; -ˋkem/, pp overcome)[Tn] succeed in a struggle against (sth); defeat 战胜, 克服（某事物）: overcome a bad habit 改掉坏习惯* He overcame a strong temptation to run away. 他抵制了要逃跑的强烈诱惑.[I] (fml 文) be victorious; triumph 得胜; 获胜: We shall overcome! 我们一定胜利![Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] make (sb) weak or ill; cause (sb) to become faint or lose control使（某人）软弱或不适; 使（某人）昏厥或失去控制力: be overcome by gas fumes 被煤气熏倒* be overcome by/with grief, anger, despair, etc 因悲哀﹑气恼﹑绝望等而不能自持.[Tn] find a way of dealing with or solving (a problem, etc) 找到处理或解决（问题等）的办法: We'llovercome that difficulty when we get to it. 那种困难到时候我们自有办法解决.get through phr v【DO WORK】get through sthto do an amount of workWe got through half the application forms this morning.We've got a lot of work to get through.【USE SOMETHING】get through sth informalto use a lot of somethingYou wouldn't believe the amount of food children can get through in a week!【SPEND MONEY】get through sth informalto spend a lot of moneyHe can get through £100 in one evening.【DIFFICULT TIME】get (sb) through sthto come successfully to the end of an unpleasant experience or period of time, or to help someone do thisI don't know how we're going to get through the winter.It was their love that got me through those first difficult months.【TEST/COMPETITION】get (sb/sth) through (sth)to be successful in a test or competition, or to make sure that someone or something is successfulI finally managed to get through my driving test.I knew it was going to be difficult to get the car through its MOT test.get (somebody/something) through (something) toLiverpool have got through to the final of the FA Cup.【REACH A PERSON/PLACE】to reach a place or person that is difficult to reachget through toAid agencies have been unable to get through to the thousands of refugees stranded on the border.【BY TELEPHONE】to succeed in speaking to someone on the telephoneI tried phoning her office, but I couldn't get through.get through toAt last I managed to get through to one of the managers.【NEW LAW】get (sth) through (sth)if a new law gets through parliament, or if someone gets it through, it is officially approved Anti-hunting legislation will never get through the House of Lords.Once again we failed to get the Bill through Parliament.get () through to [get (sth) through to sb] phr vto succeed in making someone understand something, especially when this is difficultI couldn't seem to get through to her.How can I get it through to him that this is really important?get through1 [PHRASAL VERB] V P nIf you get through a task or an amount of work, especially when it is difficult, you complete it.I think you can get through the first two chapters.2 [PHRASAL VERB] V P nIf you get through a difficult or unpleasant period of time, you manage to live through it.It is hard to see how people will get through the winter...= survive3 [PHRASAL VERB] V P nIf you get through a large amount of something, you use it. (mainly BRIT)You'll get through at least ten nappies a day.4 [PHRASAL VERB] V P to n, V P to n, also V PIf you get through to someone, you succeed in making them understand something that you are trying to tell them.An old friend might well be able to get through to her and help her...The message was finally getting through to him.5 [PHRASAL VERB] V P to n, V PIf you get through to someone, you succeed in contacting them on the telephone.Look, I can't get through to this number...I've been trying to ring up all day and I couldn't get through.6 [PHRASAL VERB] V P n, also V PIf you get through an examination or get through, you pass it. (mainly BRIT)Did you have to get through an entrance examination?7 [PHRASAL VERB] V P, V P nIf a law or proposal gets through, it is officially approved by something such as a parliament or committee. ...if his referendum law failed to get through...Such a radical proposal would never get through parliament.= go throughacquaintance / əˈkweɪntəns; əˋkwentəns/ n[U] ~ with sth/sb (often slight) knowledge of sth/sb 对某事物[某人]（常为略微的）了解: He has somelittle acquaintance with the Japanese language. 他稍微会一点儿日语.[C] person whom one knows but who is not a close friend 相识而非密友者; 泛泛之交: He has a widecircle of acquaintances. 他交游甚广. * She's an old acquaintance, ie I've known her for a long time. 她是个老相识（我早就认识她）.(idm 习语) have a nodding acquaintance with sb/sth => nod. make sb's acquaintance/make theacquaintance of sb get to know sb; meet sb personally 结识某人; 与某人相见: I made his acquaintance at a party. 我是在一个聚会上认识他的. on (further) ac`quaintance when known for a (longer) period of time 认识了一段（较长）时间以後: His manner seemed unpleasant at first, but he improved on further acquaintance. 他的举止起初让人很不愉快, 但是经过进一步接触他改了许多. scrape an acquaintance with sb => scrape1.twin / twɪn; twɪn/ n[C] either of a pair of children or young animals born of the same mother at the same time 双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一: She is expecting twins. 她怀着双胞胎. * One ewe has produced twins. 一只母羊一胎生了两只小羊. * [attrib 作定语] my twin brother/sister 我的孪生兄弟[姐妹] * twin lambs 一胎生的两只小羊羔.[C] either of a pair of similar, usu matching, things 一对相似的（通常相匹配的）事物之一: The platewas one of a pair, but I broke its twin. 这盘子原来有一对, 我打坏了一个. * [attrib 作定语] There are twin holes on each side of the instrument. 这器械的两边有一对眼孔. * a ship with twin (ie two identical) propellers 双推进器的船.the Twins [pl] = Gemini.> twin v (-nn-) [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) (a) join (two people or things) closely together; pair 将（两人或两事物）结合在一起; 匹配. (b) set up a special relationship between (two towns in different countries), eg by organizing social or sporting visits 在（两国各一城市）之间建立关系（如开展社交或体育互访活动）: Oxford is twinned with Bonn. 牛津与波恩结成了友好城市.# ,twin `bed either of a pair of single beds in a room for two people 成对的单人床之一.,twin-`engined adj (of an aeroplane) having two engines （指飞机）双发动机的.`twin set (Brit) woman's matching jumper and long-sleeved cardigan （女用）套装毛衣（一件套头的和一件长袖开襟的）.,twin `town either of a pair of towns, usu in different countries, that have established special links with each other 建立关系的两城市之一（通常为两国间的）: Oxford and Bonn are twin towns. 牛津和波恩是友好城市. * Oxford's twin town in France is Leon. 牛津在法国的友好城市是里昂.♦ apart|ment /əp'ɑːrtmənt/ (apartments)[N-COUNT]An apartment is a set of rooms for living in, usually on one floor of a large building. (mainly AM; in BRIT, use flat)...bleak cities of concrete apartment blocks.apart|ment build|ing (apartment buildings)or apartment house[N-COUNT]An apartment building or apartment house is a tall building which contains different apartments on different floors. (AM; in BRIT, use block of flats)topic / ˈtɔpɪk; ˋtɑpɪk/n subject of a discussion, talk, programme, written work, etc 论题; 话题; 题目: a topic of conversation 交谈的话题* Is drug abuse a suitable topic for a school debate? 把滥用麻醉药品问题当作学校辩论的题目是否合适?> topical / -kl; -kl/ adj of current interest or relevance 目前受到注意的; 与当前有关的: a play full of topical allusions to well-known people 处处影射名人目前言行的一出戏. topicality / ˈtɔpɪˈklətɪ; ˈtɑpɪˋkælətɪ/ n [U]. topically / -klɪ; -klɪ/ adv.attitude / ˈætɪtjuːd; US -tuːd; ˋætəˈtud/ n~ (to/towards sb/sth) way of thinking or behaving 看法; 态度: What is your attitude to abortion? 你对堕胎有什麽看法? * She shows a very positive attitude to her work. 她工作态度非常积极. * Don't take that attitude with me, young man! 别用这种态度对我, 小伙子!(fml 文) way of positioning the body 姿势: The photographer has caught him in the attitude of prayer,eg kneeling. 摄影者捕捉住他祈祷的姿势（如跪着）.(idm 习语) strike an attitude/a pose => strike2.> attitudinize, -ise / ˈætɪˈtjuːdɪnaɪz; US -ˈtuːdən-;ˈætəˋtudnˈaɪz/ v [I] speak, write or behave in an affected way in order to impress others （在说话﹑书写或行动中）装腔作势.anchor / ˈæŋkə(r); ˋæŋkɚ/ nheavy metal device attached to a rope, chain, etc and used to moor a ship or boat to the sea-bottomor a balloon to the ground 锚, 锚固装置（用缆﹑链等连接着的金属设备, 用以将船舶固定於海底或将气球固定在地面上）: They brought the boat into the harbour and dropped (the) anchor. 他们把船开进海港下锚停泊.(fig 比喻) person or thing that gives stability or security 可以依靠的人或事物; 靠山; 後盾.(idm 习语) at `anchor moored by the anchor 抛锚停泊: We lay at anchor outside the harbour. 我们在港外抛锚停泊. bring (a ship)/come to `anchor stop sailing and lower the anchor 停航抛锚. cast anchor => cast. ride at anchor => ride2. slip anchor => slip2. weigh anchor => weigh.> anchor v [I, Tn] lower an anchor; make (sth) secure with an anchor 抛锚; 用锚固装置固定（某物）: We anchored (our boat) close to the shore. 我们近岸抛锚停泊（船）.anchorage / ˈæŋkərɪdʒ; ˋæŋkɚrɪdʒ/ n1 [C] place where ships, etc may anchor safely （船只等安全的）停泊处, 锚地.2 [U] money charged for anchoring 停泊税.# `anchor man / mæn; mæn/ 1 person who co-ordinates the work of a group, esp that of interviewers and reporters in a radio or television broadcast （尤指无线电或电视采访的）主持人. 2 strong member of a sports team who has a vital part to play （运动队员中的）主力: The anchor man in a relay team runs last. 接力队中的主力跑最後一棒.base 2 / beɪs; bes/ v[Tn.pr] ~ sth on sth use sth as grounds, evidence, etc for sth else 以某事物为另一事物的根据﹑证据等: I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday. 我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上. * This novel is based on historical facts. 这部小说是以历史事实为根据的. * Direct taxation is usually based on income, ie A person's income is used to calculate the amount of tax he has to pay. 直接税通常以收入为依据（根据个人收入计算出应交税款的数额）.[esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sb in/at... place sb in (a place from which to work andtravel) 把某人安置在（某地进行工作和活动）: Where are you based now? 现在把你安置在哪里工作了? * Most of our staff are based in Cairo. 我们大部分工作人员都驻在开罗.cautious / ˈkɔːʃəs; ˋkɔʃəs/adj ~ (about/of sb/sth) showing or having caution(1); careful 小心的; 谨慎的; 细心的: a cautious driver 谨慎的司机* cautious of strangers 提防陌生人* cautious about spending money 用钱仔细. > cautiously adv. cautiousness n [U].eager / ˈiːgə(r); ˋiɡɚ/ adj~ (for sth/to do sth) full of interest or desire; keen 热切的; 渴望的; 热心的: eager for success 渴望成功* eager to please 极想讨好（别人）.(idm 习语) an eager `beaver (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) keen, hard-working and enthusiasticperson 积极﹑努力又热心的人. > eagerly adv. eagerness n [U].world|wide /w'ɜːrldw'aɪd/also world-wide[ADV] ADV after v, n ADV, ADV with clIf something exists or happens worldwide, it exists or happens throughout the world.His books have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide...Worldwide, an enormous amount of research effort goes into military technology.[ADJ] usu ADJ nWorldwide is also an adjective.Today, doctors are fearing a worldwide epidemic.ado|les|cent /'ædəl'esənt/ (adolescents)[ADJ] usu ADJ nAdolescent is used to describe young people who are no longer children but who have not yet become adults. It also refers to their behaviour.It is important that an adolescent boy should have an adult in whom he can confide...= teenage[N-COUNT]An adolescent is an adolescent boy or girl.Young adolescents are happiest with small groups of close friends.= teenagerrespond / rɪˈspɔnd; rɪˋspɑnd/ v [I, Ipr]~ (to sb/sth) (with sth) give a verbal or written answer （以口头或书面方式）回答: She asked wherehe'd been, but he didn't respond. 她问他到什麽地方去了, 他却不回答. * She responded to my letter with a phone call. 她收到我的信, 给我回了个电话.~ (to sth) (with sth) act in answer to (sth) or because of the action of another; behave in a similar way（对某事物或对他人的行动）反应, 回应, 响应: He responded to my volley with a backhand, ie in tennis. 他反手一击把我截击的空中球打了回来（网球中）. * I kicked the dog, which responded by growling/with a growl. 我踢了那条狗, 它便狂吠起来.~ (to sb/sth) react quickly or favourably (to or because of sb/sth); be easily controlled (by sb/sth) （对某人[某事物]）反应灵敏; 易（为某人[某事物]）控制: The car responds well to the controls. 这辆汽车操纵灵敏. * The patient did not respond to treatment. 病人经治疗後未见起色. * Animals respond to kindness. 动物受到善待能做出反应.~ (to sb/sth) (of people at a churchservice) make the responses （指在教堂做礼拜的人）应答.pause / pɔːz; pɔz/ n~ (in sth) temporary stop in action or speech （行为﹑讲话中的）暂停, 临时中止: a moment's pause短暂的停顿* He slipped out during a pause in the conversation. 谈话中稍一停顿他就溜了出去. * After a short pause, they continued walking. 他们稍稍停了停, 然後继续走路. * She spoke for an hour without a pause. 她不停地讲了一小时. =>Usage at break2 用法见break2.(music 音) sign (╭╮) over a note(5b) or rest2(3) to show that it should be longer than usual 延长记号╭╮（标在音符或休止符上表示该符应比通常所示为长）.(idm 习语) give pause to sb/give sb pause make sb hesitate before doing sth 使某人做某事前犹豫:Weather conditions were bad enough to give pause to even the most experienced climbers. 天气十分恶劣, 即使最有经验的登山者也犹豫不决. a pregnant pause/silence => pregnant.> pause v [I, Ipr] ~ (for sth) make a pause 中止; 暂停; 停顿: He paused for a moment, and then continued his speech. 他停顿了一下然後继续讲话. * Let's pause for a cup of coffee. 我们歇歇喝杯咖啡吧. * speak without pausing for breath, ie very quickly 一口气说下去.re|gard|less /rɪg'ɑːrdləs/1 [PREP-PHRASE]If something happens regardless of something else, it is not affected or influenced at all by that other thing.It takes in anybody regardless of religion, colour, or creed...2 [ADV] ADV after vIf you say that someone did something regardless, you mean that they did it even though there were problems or factors that could have stopped them, or perhaps should have stopped them.Despite her recent surgery she has been carrying on regardless.security / sɪˈkjuərətɪ; sɪˋkjʊrətɪ/ n[U] freedom or protection from danger or worry 安全; 保护; 保障: children who lack the security of agood home 缺乏良好家庭照顾的儿童* have the security of a guaranteed pension 有保证可获养老金的保障.[U] measures taken to prevent spying, attacks, theft, etc （防刺探﹑攻击﹑偷盗等的）安全措施:There was tight security for the Pope's visit, eg Many police officers guarded him. 为教皇到访采取了严密的保安措施. * We need greater security in car parks. 我们需要加强停车场的安全措施. * national security, ie the defence of a country 国家的防卫* [attrib 作定语] security forces, eg police, troops, etc fighting terrorism 保安部队* a security van, eg for transporting money 保安车（如解送金钱的）* a high security prison, ie for dangerous criminals 戒备森严的监狱.[C, U] jewellery, insurance policies, etc that can be used to guarantee that one will pay back borrowedmoney or keep a promise 抵押品: lend money on security, ie in return for sth given as security 收取抵押品贷出款项* give sth as (a) security 以某物作抵押. Cf 参看guarantee1 1.securities [pl] documents or certificates showing who owns stock, bonds, shares, etc 证券:government securities, ie for money lent to a government 政府证券.# the Se`curity Council the permanent peace-keeping body of the United Nations, with five permanent and ten elected members （联合国）安全理事会.se`curity risk person who, because of his political beliefs, personal habits, etc may endanger the security of the state, eg by revealing secrets to an enemy （威胁国家安全的）危险人物: She's a poor/good security risk. 她是个不太[十分]危险的人.se`curity guard guard who wears a uniform and provides protection, eg in a public building or when money is being moved between banks 保安人员; 护卫员.end up reach or come to a certain place, state or action, esp by a lengthy route or process 到达或来到某处, 达到某状态或采取某行动（尤指经一长路程或过程）: If you continue to steal you'll end up in prison. 你要是继续行窃终归得进监狱. * After much discussion about holidays abroad we ended up in Cornwall. 我们反覆商量到国外度假的事, 最後决定去康沃尔. * At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing. 最初他拒不承认有任何责任, 到头来还是道了歉. * If he carries on driving like that, he'll end up dead. 他照这样开车, 早晚得死於非命.> ending n end, esp of a story, film, play or word 结尾, 结局（尤指故事﹑电影﹑戏剧或词语）: a story with a happy ending 结局圆满的故事.waiting roomnouna room where people can sit while they are waiting, for example for a bus or train, or to see a doctor or dentistrely / rɪˈlaɪ; rɪˋlaɪ/v (pt, pp relied) [Ipr] ~ on/upon sb/sth (to do sth)count or depend on sb/sth 指望或依赖某人[某事物]: Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers forhelp/to help us. 现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作. * I relied on you(r) coming early. 我指望你早来. * You can rely upon it that it will rain this weekend. 你放心好了, 本周末一定下雨. * She cannot be relied on to tell the truth. 别指望她能说真话.have trust or confidence in sb/sth 信任或信赖某人[某事物]: You can rely on me to keep your secret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密.trolleybus(BrE) (AmE trackless trolley)nouna bus driven by electricity from a cable above the streetrevisionnoun[C] a change or set of changes to sth: He made some minor revisions to the report before printing it out.[U, C] the act of changing sth, or of examining sth with the intention of changing it: a system in need of revision ◆ a revision of trading standards ◆ Their educational policies are due for revision.[U] (BrE) the process of learning work for an exam: Have you started your revision yet? ◆ a revision class / course / timetablethanks to sb/sth informalbecause of someone or somethingWe've reached our goal of $50,000, thanks to the generosity of the public.Some ski resorts opened early, thanks to a late-October snowstorm.committed /kəˈmɪtɪd/ adj忠诚的, 坚定的willing to work very hard at somethingThe party has a core of committed supporters.committed toWe are fully committed to Equal Opportunity policies.mercy / ˈmɜːsɪ; ˋməsɪ/ n[U] kindness, forgiveness, restraint, etc shown to sb one has the right or power to punish 仁慈; 宽恕;宽容: They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈. * We were given no/little mercy. 我们没有得到宽恕. * He threw himself on my mercy, ie begged me to show mercy. 他求我宽恕他. * a tyrant without mercy 无情的暴君.[C usu sing 通常作单数] (infml 口) event to be grateful for; piece of good luck 恩惠; 幸运: It's a mercyshe wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运. * His death was a mercy, eg He was in such pain that it was best that he died. 他的死是一种解脱（与其痛苦不如一死）.(idm 习语) at the mercy of sb/sth in the power of sb/sth; under the control of sb/sth 任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制: The ship was at the mercy of the storm, ie out of control or helpless. 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制. be grateful/thankful for small mercies => small. an errand of mercy => errand. leave sb/sth to the mercy/mercies of sb/sth => leave1. throw oneself on sb's mercy (fml 文) beg sb to treat one kindly or leniently 恳求某人善待或宽恕.> merciful / -fl; -fəl/ adj ~ (to/towards sb) having, showing or feeling mercy 仁慈的; 宽恕的; 宽容的: She was merciful to the prisoners. 她对犯人很仁慈. * a merciful gesture, action, etc 宽厚的表示﹑行为等. mercifully / -fəlɪ; -fəlɪ/ adv1 in a merciful way 仁慈地; 宽恕地; 宽容地: treat sb mercifully 仁慈地对待某人.2 (infml 口) fortunately 幸运地; 幸而: The play was very bad, but mercifully it was also short! 那剧糟透了, 幸好还不算长!merciless adj ~ (to/towards sb) showing no mercy; pitiless 不仁慈的; 不宽恕的; 无怜悯心的: a merciless killer, beating 残忍的杀手﹑殴打* This judge is merciless towards anyone found guilty of murder. 这位法官对罪名成立的谋杀犯概不留情. mercilessly adv.mercy interj (dated 旧) (used to express surprise or (pretended) terror 用以表示惊讶或（故作的）惊恐): Mercy (on us)! What a noise! 天哪! 多吵闹哇!# `mercy killing (infml 口) euthanasia 安乐死.apology / əˈpɔlədʒɪ; əˋpɑlədʒɪ/ n~ (to sb) (for sth) statement to say one is sorry for having done wrong or hurt sb's feelings 道歉; 谢罪;认错: offer/ make/ accept an apology 道歉[致歉/接受道歉] * I made my apologies (to my host) and left early. 我（向主人）道过歉後提早离去.(fml 文) explanation or defence (of beliefs, etc) （为信仰等的）辩解, 辩护. Cf 参看apologetics(apologetic).(idm 习语) an apology for sth inferior type of sth; poor replacement 低劣的某事物; 勉强的代用物:Please excuse this wretched apology for a meal. 请包涵这顿不像样的饭菜.。

牛津高中英语M5Unit 1 p22-25单词详解

牛津高中英语M5Unit 1 p22-25单词详解economy/ ɪˈkɔnəmɪ; ɪˋkɑnəmɪ/ n[C, U] (instance of) avoidance of waste (of money, strength, time, resources, etc) （金Array钱﹑力气﹑时间﹑资源等的）节省, 节约: practise economy 实行节约* It's an economy to buy good shoes; they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. 购买质量高的鞋很经济; 虽花钱多, 但比廉价鞋耐穿得多. * [attrib 作定语] We're having an economy drive (ie making a special effort to avoid waste or misuse of resources, etc) at school. 我们学校正开展节约运动（尽量避免浪费或滥用资源）. * an economy pack, ie a large amount of a product offered for sale at a reduced price 经济装（减价发售的大包装货品）* economy class, ie the cheapest class of (air) travel 经济舱（最低廉的客机舱位）.[U] control and management of money, resources, etc of a community, society,household, etc 理财: political economy 政治经济学* domestic economy国内经济.[C] (often 常作the economy) operation and management of a country's moneysupply, trade and industry; economic system （国家的）经济管理; 经济制度: The state of the economy is very worrying. 目前的经济状况令人十分担忧. * The economies of Japan and China 日本和中国的经济制度.spokes|woman /sp'oʊkswʊmən/ (spokeswomen)a woman who has been chosen to speak officially for a group, organization, or government A spokeswoman is a female spokesperson.A United Nations spokeswoman in New York said the request would be considered. consultant/ kənˈsʌltənt; kənˋsʌltənt/ n~ (on sth) person who gives expert advice (in business, law, etc) （商业﹑法律等方Array面的）顾问: a firm of management consultants 管理谘询公司* the president's consultanton economic affairs总统的经济事务顾问.~ (in sth) (in Britain) hospital doctor of senior rank （英国）顾问医师, 会诊医师: a Arrayconsultant in obstetrics 产科顾问医师* [attrib 作定语] a consultant surgeon外科顾问医师. Cf 参看registrar 2.debate/ dɪˈbeɪt; dɪˋbet/ n [C, U] (a) formal argument or discussion of a question, eg at a public meeting or in Parliament, with two or more opposing speakers, and often ending in a vote （正式的）辩论, 讨论（如在公众集会或议会中, 常以表决结束）: After a long debate, the House of Commons approved the bill. 经过长时间的辩论, 下议院通过了议案. * to open the debate, ie be the first to speak 开始辩论（第一个发言）* the motion under debate, ie being discussed 在辩论中的动议. (b) argument or discussion in general （一般性的）辩论, 讨论: After much debate, we decided to move to Oxford. 我们经充分讨论决定迁往牛津. * We had long debates at college about politics. 我们上大学时曾长时间地辩论政治问题. * Her resignation caused much public debate. 她辞职一事引起群众议论纷纷.> debate v[I, Ipr, Tn, Tw, Tg] ~ (about sth) have a debate(2) about (sth); discuss (sth) 对（某事）进行辩论; 讨论（某事）: What are they debating (about)? 他们在辩论什麽? * We're just debating what to do next. 我们正讨论下一步该做什麽事. * They debated closing the factory. 他们争论是否关闭工厂.[Tn, Tw, Tg] think (sth) over in order to decide 考虑（某事物）以决定: I debated it fora while, then decided not to go. 我反覆考虑後决定不去. * I'm debating where to go on holiday. 我在琢磨到何处度假. * He debated buying a new car, but didn't in the end. 他思量很久是否买辆新汽车, 但最後还是没买. debater n person who debates (debate 1) 辩论的人.the floor [sing] (a) part of an assembly hall where members sit, eg in the Houses of Parliament, US Congress, etc 议员席（如英国议会两院﹑美国国会等的）: speak from the floor在议员席上发言. (b) right to speak in such an assembly or meeting （在此种会议上的）发言权: The floor is yours you may present your argument. 现在请您发言--尽请发表意见.flow/ fləu; flo/ v (pt, pp -ed)[I, Ipr, Ip] (a) (of a liquid) move freely and continuously （指液体）流动: Her tearsflowed freely (down her cheeks). 她眼泪止不住地（顺着面颊）往下流. * Most rivers flow into the sea. 江河大多流入海洋. * Blood suddenly started flowing out. 突然流出血来. (b) move freely and continuously, esp within a closed system; circulate 畅通无阻（尤指在封闭系统内）; 流通; 流传: Keep the traffic flowing. 保持交通畅通无阻. * Electricity is flowing (in the circuit/wires). 电在（电路[导线]中）流动. * Blood flows round the body. 血液在体内循环. * In convection, hot currents flow upwards. 在对流中热气流向上运动. [I] (of speech or writing) proceed evenly and continuously （指讲话或写作）流畅:Conversation flowed freely when the speaker invited discussion. 演讲人请大家讨论, 於是人人畅所欲言.[I, Ipr, Ip] fall or hang (down) loosely and freely 松散而无束缚地落下或垂下: longflowing robes 飘洒的长袍* Her hair flowed (down) over her shoulders. 她长发垂肩. [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) be available plentifully; be distributed freely 有的是; 大量供应;取之不尽: The party became lively when the drink began to flow. 饮料开始大量供应, 聚会的气氛就活跃起来了. * a land flowing with milk and honey, ie place with rich natural resources 自然资源丰富的地方.[I] (of the sea tide) come in; rise （指海潮）涨, 涨潮: The tide began to flow and ourfootprints were covered. 开始涨潮了, 潮水遮住了我们的脚印. Cf 参看ebb 1.(phr v) flow in/into sth arrive in a steady stream 不断涌入: The election resultsflowed in throughout the night. 通夜不断传来各项选举结果. * Offers of help flowed into the office. 人们接连不断地向办事处表示愿意提供帮助. flow from sth come or derive from sth; result from sth 源於某事物;为某事物的结果: Many benefits will flow from this discovery. 这项发现将带来许多好处. flow out (of sth) leave in a steady stream 外流: Profits are flowing out of the country. 利润源源不断地流向国外. flow over sb take place without affecting sb （某事）发生而不影响某人: Office politics just seem to flow over him. 同事之间互相倾轧﹑勾心斗角的事似乎并未波及到他.> flow n (usu sing 通常作单数)1~ (of sth/sb) (rate of a) flowing movement of sth/sb （某事物[某人]的）流动（量）; 流量: a steady flow of traffic 川流不息的来往车辆* The government is trying to stop the increasing flow of refugees entering the country. 政府正在设法阻止越来越多的难民流入本国.2~ (of sth) (rate of a) continuous stream or supply of sth 某事物的持续或连续供应（量）: cut off the flow of oil 切断石油输送* the constant flow of information源源不断的信息.3 even and continuous outpouring of words 口若悬河; 滔滔不绝: I interrupted him while he was in full flow, ie talking away strongly. 他正在高谈阔论, 我打断了他的话.4 incoming tide 涨潮: the ebb and flow of the sea海潮的涨落.5 (idm 习语) the ebb and flow (of sth) => ebb n.# `flow chart (also `flow diagram) diagram showing the development of sth through the different stages or processes in a series 流程图.billion/ ˈbɪlɪən; ˋbɪljən/ pron, det(Brit) 1000000000000; one million million(s) 万亿; 兆兆. =>App 4 见附录4.(esp US) 1000000000; one thousand million(s) 十亿; 千兆. =>App 4 见附录4.> billion n (pl unchanged or ~s复数或不变或作billions)1 (Brit) the number 1000000000000 万亿之数.2 (esp US) the number 1000000000 十亿之数. Cf 参看milliard. For the uses of billion see the examples at hundred. 关於billion的用法见hundred词条中的示例duty/ ˈdjuːtɪ; US ˈduːtɪ; ˋdutɪ/ n[C, U] moral or legal obligation （道德上的或法律上的）责任, 义务: It's your duty to go.你得去, 那是你的责任. * do one's duty 尽职* It's not something I enjoy. I do it purely out of a sense of duty. 那并不是我喜欢做的事, 我纯粹是出於责任感才做的. * I'll have to go, I'm afraid duty calls. 看来我得走了--公务在身.[C, U] task or action that sb must perform （某人必须执行的）任务或行动: What are theduties of a traffic warden? 街道停车管理员的职责是什麽? * I'm doing night duty this week. 这个星期我上夜班.[C, U] ~ (on sth) tax charged on certain goods, esp on imports （某些货物, 尤指进口货物交纳的）税; 关税: customs/excise duties关税[消费税]. Cf 参看tariff 2.(idm 习语) one's bounden duty => bounden. dereliction of duty => dereliction(derelict). do duty for sth serve as or act as a substitute for sth else 充作或当作另一事物的代替品: An old wooden box did duty for a table. 把旧木箱当作桌子. in the line of duty => line1. on/off duty (of nurses, police officers, etc) engaged/not engaged in one's regular work 值[不值]班; 上[不上]班: I arrive at the hospital at eight o'clock, but I don't go on duty until nine. 我八点钟就到医院了, 但是九点钟我才去值班. * [attrib 作定语]off-duty activities, hours业余活动﹑时间.# ,duty-`bound adj [pred 作表语] obliged by duty 义不容辞: I'm duty-bound to help him. 就我来说, 帮助他是责无旁贷的.,duty-`free adj, adv (of goods) that can be imported without payment of customs duties （指货物）免关税（的）: You're allowed 1 litres of spirits duty-free. 你可免税带进1升烈性酒. * There's a good duty-free shop (ie one selling such goods) on the ferry. 渡船上有个挺不错的免税商店. * buy cigarettes duty-free 买免税香烟.cut sth back shorten (a bush, shrub, etc) by cutting off shoots and branches close to the stem; prune sth 修剪（矮树﹑灌木等）; 给某树剪枝: cut back a rose bush给玫瑰树剪枝. cut sth back; cut back (on sth) reduce sth considerably 大量削减某事物: If we don't sell more goods, we'll have to cut back (on) production. 我们若不能增加货物的销售量, 就必须大幅度降低产量. Cf 参看cut-back. cut back phr vto reduce the amount, size, cost etc of somethingcut back onSeveral major hospitals are cutting back on staff at the moment.cut sth⇔backEducation spending cannot be cut back any further.Richer countries must do more to cut back carbon emissions.→cutbackcut sth⇔backto remove the top part of a plant in order to help it to growCut back the shoots in spring to encourage bushier growth.to eat, drink, or use less of something, especially in order to improve your healthcut back onTry to cut back on foods containing wheat and dairy products.production/ prəˈdʌkʃn; prəˋdʌkʃən/ n[U] action of manufacturing, extracting, etc, esp in large quantities 制造, 生产（尤指大批量）: oil production 采油* Production of the new aircraft will start next year. 明年开始制造新型的飞机. * Production must become more efficient. 必须提高生产效率. * mass (ie very large-scale) production 大量生产* Defects in design cannot be put right during production. 设计上的缺陷是无法在生产过程中加以纠正的. * He has moved from acting to film production. 他由演员变成了制片人. * [attrib 作定语] production costs, managers, processes, schedules, difficulties生产的成本﹑生产经理﹑生产过程﹑生产计画﹑生产的难题.[U] quantity produced 产量: increase production by using more efficient methods 采用更有效的方法提高产量* a fall/increase in production产量的减少[增加].[C] thing that has been produced, esp a play, film, etc 推出的作品（尤指戏剧﹑影片等）: They saw several National Theatre productions. 他们看了国家剧院上演的几出戏. * `King Lear' in a controversial new production可能引起争论的新剧《李尔王》.(idm 习语) go ,into/,out of pro`duction start/stop being manufactured 投产[停产]:The system will have to be tested before it goes into production. 这套装置必须经过试验之後才能投产. * That car went out of production five years ago. 那种汽车已经停产五年了. in pro`duction being manufactured (in large quantities) 在（大量）生产中: The device will be in production by the end of the year. 该装置将於年底投入生产. on production of sth by/when showing sth 通过[一经]出示某物: On production of your membership card, you will receive a discount on purchases. 持会员证购物可享受折扣优待.# pro`duction line sequence of groups of machines and workers, in which each groupcarries out part of the production process 生产线: Cars are checked as they come off the production line. 汽车经装配线组装完毕後即进行校验.recycle/ ˏriːˈsaɪkl; riˋsaɪkl/ v [Tn] (a) treat (used material) so that it can be used again 回收（废旧材料）: recycle newspaper, ie by de-inking and pulping it 回收旧报纸（以脱墨和制浆方式处理）. (b) get (natural products) back from used material by treating it （利用废旧材料）再造（原始成品）: ,recycled `glass, ie from old bottles 再造的玻璃（利用旧瓶再制的）. Cf 参看reclaim 4.pipe1/ paɪp; paɪp/ n[C] (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) tube through which liquids or gases can flow管子: a `water-pipe * a `gas-pipe * a `drain-pipe * the `windpipe, ie air-passage in the body.[C] (a) (also to`bacco pipe) narrow tube with a bowl at one end, used for smokingtobacco 烟斗: smoke a pipe 吸烟斗* [attrib 作定语] `pipe tobacco烟斗丝. (b) (also pipeful / -ful; -fʊl/) amount of tobacco this can hold 一烟斗的烟丝.[C] (music 音) (a) wind instrument consisting of a tube with holes that are covered anduncovered by the fingers to make musical notes 管乐器: pipes of Pan, ie pan-pipes 排箫.(b) each of the tubes from which sound is produced in an organ （管风琴的）音管. (c) pipes [pl] = bagpipes.[C] (sound of a) whistle used by a boatswain 水手长吹的哨子（声）.[C] song or note of a bird 鸟鸣; 鸟鸣声.[C] (contents of a) cask which can hold about 105 gallons of wine 大酒桶（约容105加仑）; 一大酒桶的量.(idm 习语) put `that in your pipe and smoke it (infml 口) you have to accept whatI have said, whether you like it or not 我说的话不管你喜欢不喜欢都得听: I'm not giving up my holiday to suit you, so you can put that in your pipe and smoke it! 我不打算放弃我的假日来迁就你, 你不听也得听!# `pipeclay n [U] fine white clay used (esp formerly) for making tobacco pipes and for whitening leather, etc 白陶土（尤於旧时用以制烟斗﹑使皮革增白等）.`pipe-cleaner n flexible piece of wire covered with soft material, for cleaning inside a tobacco pipe 烟斗通条（清除烟垢用的）.`pipe-dream n hope or plan that is impossible or unworkable 不切实际的希望; 行不通的计画.`pipeline n1 series of connected pipes, usu underground,for conveying oil, gas, etc to a distant place （长距离输送油﹑气等的）管道（通常指地下的）.2 (fig 比喻) channel of information or supply, esp direct, privileged or confidential （信息或供应的）渠道, 途径（尤指直接的﹑基於特权而获得的或秘密的）: a pipeline to head office, the Prime Minister, the manufacturer联系总部﹑首相﹑厂商的渠道.3 (idm 习语) in the `pipeline (a) (of goods, orders, etc) being dealt with; on the way（指货物﹑定单等）在处理或运送中. (b) (of changes, laws, proposals, etc) being prepared or discussed; about to happen （指变化﹑法令﹑建议等）在准备﹑讨论或酝酿中, 即将发生: New laws to deal with this abuse are in the pipeline. 正在制定处理这种弊端的新法令.pipe2/ paɪp; paɪp/ v[Tn, Tn.pr] convey (water, gas, etc) in pipes 用管道输送（水﹑煤气等）: pipe water intoa house/to a farm 用管道向住宅[农场]送水* pipe oil across the desert用管道穿过沙漠输油.[esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] transmit (esp music) by wire or cable （用有线系统等）传送（尤指音乐）: Nearly all the shops have piped music, ie recorded music played continuously. 差不多所有商店都连续播放有线广播的音乐.[I, Tn] (a) play (a tune) on a pipe or pipes 用管乐器演奏（一曲）: He piped (a jig) so thatwe could dance. 他用笛子吹奏（吉格舞曲）好让我们跳舞. (b) (of a bird) whistle or sing (sth) （指鸟）鸣啭或唱（某声音）. (c) (of a person, esp a child) speak (sth) in a high voice （指人, 尤指儿童）尖声说（某事）.[Tn.pr, Tn.p] (nautical 海) (a) summon (sailors) by blowing a boatswain's pipe 吹水手长用的哨子召集（水手）: pipe all hands on deck吹哨召集所有水手到甲板上. (b) lead or welcome (sb) by the sound of a boatswain's pipe用水手长的哨声引领或欢迎（某人）: pipe the captain aboard/on board 用哨声欢迎船长登船* pipe the guests in用哨声迎接客人. [Tn] (a) trim or decorate (sth) with piping(2a) 为（衣物等）绲边: pipe a skirt, cushion,etc with blue silk给裙子﹑垫子等绲蓝绸边. (b) put a decoration on (a cake) with icing 在（糕点）上加奶油﹑巧克力等花饰: pipe `Happy Birthday' on a cake在蛋糕上加上‘生日快乐’字样.(phr v) pipe down (infml 口) be less noisy; stop talking 安静些; 停止谈话: She toldthe children to pipe down while she was talking on the telephone. 她告诉孩子别吵了, 她正在打电话. pipe up (infml 口) begin to sing or speak, esp suddenly and in a high-pitched voice 开始唱或说（尤指突然而声音尖）.greedygreed·y /ˈgriːdi/adj comparative greedier superlative greediest[Language: Old English;Origin: grAdig]always wanting more food, money, power, possessions etc than you needa greedy and selfish societyHe looked at the gold with greedy eyes.Have you eaten them all, you greedy pig?greedy forThey are greedy for profits.>greedily advHe grabbed the bottle and drank greedily.>greediness n[U]businessmana person who works in business, especially at a high levela person who is skilful in business and financial matters: I should have got a better price for the car, but I'm not much of a businessman.responsibility/ rɪˏspɔnsəˈbɪlətɪ; rɪˏspɑnsəˋbɪlətɪ/ n[U] ~ (for sb/sth) being responsible or accountable责任; 负责: a position of real,great, major, etc responsibility负实际的﹑很大的﹑主要的...责任的职务* have, showa sense of responsibility 有﹑显示出责任感* take, assume,accept, bear full responsibility for the consequences 对後果承担全部责任* The manufacturers disclaim all responsibility for damage caused by misuse. 使用不当而造成的损坏, 生产厂家不负任何责任.[C] ~ (to sb) commitment or duty for which a person is responsible职责; 任务; 义务:Our business is a joint/shared responsibility.我们的公司实行共同责任制. * It's my responsibility to lock the doors. 我负责锁门. * the various responsibilities of the post这一职位的多种责任.belief/ bɪˈliːf; bɪˋlif/ n[U] ~ in sth/sb feeling that sth/sb is real and true; trust or confidence in sth/sb 对某事物[某人]的真实性和正确性所具有的信心; 对某事物[某人]的信仰或信赖: I haven't much belief in his honesty, ie cannot feel sure that he is honest. 我对他的诚实缺乏足够的信心. * He has great belief in his doctor, ie is confident that his doctor can cure him. 他对那位医生无比信赖. * She has lost her belief in God, ie no longer thinks that God exists. 她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）.[C] (a) thing accepted as true or real; what one believes 认为正确或确实的事物; 信念;相信: It is my belief that..., ie It is my firm opinion that... 我相信.... * He acted in accordance with his beliefs. 他按照自己的信念行事. (b) religion or sth taught as part of religion 宗教信仰; 教义: Christian beliefs基督教的教义.(idm 习语) beyond be`lief too great, difficult, dreadful, etc to be believed; incredible（因太大﹑太难﹑太可怕等）难以置信的; 不可思议的: I find his behaviour (irresponsible) beyond belief. 我发觉他的所作所为（不负责任）到了简直令人难以置信的地步. in the belief that... feeling confident that... 相信...: He came to me in the belief that I could help him. 他到我这里来, 相信我能帮助他. to the best of one's belief/knowledge => best3.environment/ ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt; ɪnˋvaɪrənmənt/ n[C, U] conditions, circumstances, etc affecting people's lives （影响人们生活的）情况﹑环境等: An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour. 不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为. * A noisy smoke-filled room is not the best environment to work in. 房间里乌烟瘴气於工作十分不利.the environment [sing] natural conditions, eg land, air and water, in which we live（我们生活的）自然环境（如土地﹑空气﹑水）: Many people are concerned about the pollution of the environment.许多人都关心环境污染问题. * measures to protect the environment, ie prevent spoiling it further 保护环境的措施（防止进一步污染）* the Department of the Environment, ie the British Government department responsible for land planning, transport, preservation of public amenities, pollution control, protection of the coast and countryside, etc 环境事务部（英国政府部门, 负责土地规划﹑运输﹑保护公共设施﹑控制污染﹑保护海岸和乡村等）.> environmental / ɪnˏvaɪərənˈmentl; ɪnˏvaɪrənˋmɛntl/ adj1 of or caused by a person's environment 个人环境的; 由个人环境产生的: disturbing environmental influences令人不安的环境影响.2 of the environment 环境的: environmental science环境科学. environmentalist /ɪnˏvaɪərənˈmentəlɪst; ɪnˏvaɪrənˋmɛntəlɪst/ n person who is concerned about and wants to improve or protect the environment 环境保护论者: [attrib 作定语] an environmentalist protest环境保护论者的抗议.environmentally / -təlɪ; -tlɪ/ adv: Building a new factory there would be environmentally disastrous. 在那里建新工厂将严重损害环境.operate/ ˈɔpəreɪt; ˋɑpəˏret/ v(a) [I] (fml 文) work; be in action 工作; 运转: This machine operates night and day.这台机器日夜运转. * The lift was not operating properly. 电梯有些失灵了. (b) [Tn] cause (a machine, etc) to work; control 开动（机器等）; 操纵; 操作: operate machinery 操纵机器* He operates the lift. 他是开电梯的. * The kettle is operated by electricity. 这水壶是电热的.[I, Ipr, It] have or produce an effect; be in action 有效; 起作用; 发生影响: The systemoperates in five countries. 有五个国家实施这种体制. * The new law operates to our advantage. 新法规对我们有利. * Several causes operated to bring about the war. 那场战争的起因有几个.[Ipr, Tn] ~ (from sth) do business; manageor direct (sth) 经营; 管理或掌管（某事物）:The company operates from offices in London. 那公司由设在伦敦的办事处管理. * They operate three factories and a huge warehouse. 他们管着三家工厂和一个大仓库.[I, Ipr] ~ (on sb) (for sth) perform a surgical operation 动手术: The doctors decidedto operate (on her) immediately. 医生决定马上（给她）动手术.[I, Ipr] (of soldiers, the police, etc) carry out raids, patrols, etc （指士兵﹑警方等）出击﹑巡逻等: bombers operating from bases in the North 从北方各空军基地起飞的轰炸机* Police speed traps are operating on this motorway. 这条高速公路上有超速监测器.> operable / ˈɔpərəbl; ˋɑpərəbl/ adj that can be treated by means of an operation 可动手术的: operable diseases of the chest 可用手术治疗的胸部疾病* The tumour is operable. 这肿瘤可动手术割除.# `operating system controlling computer program that organizes the running of anumber of other programs at the same time 操作系统.`operating-table n table on which surgical operations are performed 手术台: The patient died on the operating table. 病人死在手术台上了.`operating-theatre n (also `theatre, esp US `operatingroom) room in a hospital used for surgical operations 手术室.credit1/ ˈkredɪt; ˋkrɛdɪt/ n(a) [U] permission to delay payment for goods and services until after they have beenreceived; system of paying in this way 赊购; 赊购制度: refuse/grant sb credit 拒绝[允许]某人赊购物品* No credit is given at this shop, ie Payment must be in cash. 本店概不赊欠. * I bought it on credit, ie did not have to pay for it until some time after I got it. 我以赊购方式买下了它. * High interest rates make credit expensive. 由於利率很高, 赊购并不划算. * give sb six months' interest-free credit, ie allow sb to pay within six months, without adding an extra charge for interest 给予某人六个月的无息赊欠期* [attrib 作定语] a credit period, agreement, limit赊欠期限﹑协议﹑限额. (b) [U] sum of money in sb's bank account （某人银行帐户中的）存款数额: How much do I have to my credit? ie How much money is in my account? 我帐上有多少存款? * Your account is in credit, ie There is money in it. 你的帐上有余额. * [attrib 作定语] I have a credit balance of 250. 我帐上有250英镑的存款余额. (c) [C] sum of money lent by a bank, etc; loan （银行等的）借款; 贷款: The bank refused further credits to the company. 银行拒绝再向这家公司提供贷款. (d) [C] (in bookkeeping) (written record of a) payment received （簿记中的）付方, 贷方: Is this item a debit or a credit?这笔帐属於借方还是属於贷方? Cf 参看debit. [U] ~ (for sth) praise; approval; recognition (used esp with the vs shown) 称赞; 赏识;表扬（尤与以下示例中的动词连用）: He got all the credit for the discovery. 这一发现全都归功於他了. * I can't take any credit; the others did all the work. 我不能接受任何荣誉, 所有的工作都是别人做的. * She was given the credit for what I had done. 事情是我做的, 她却受到称赞. * At least give him credit for trying, ie praise him, even though he did not succeed. 至少也应该肯定他敢於尝试（虽未取得成功也该给予表扬）. * Give credit where it's due. 该表扬就给予表扬. * There was little credit for those who had worked hardest. 几乎没表扬那些工作最努力的人. * His courage has brought great credit to/reflects credit on (ie gives a good reputation to) his regiment. 他很勇敢使他所在的团大为增光.[U] belief; trust; confidence 相信; 信任; 信赖: The rumour is gaining credit, ie Moreand more people believe it. 相信那谣言的人越来越多了. * Recent developments lend credit to (ie strengthen belief in) previous reports. 最近的事态发展说明先前的报道是可靠的.credits [pl] (also credit titles) list of actors, director, cameramen, etc who worked ona film, TV programme, etc, shown at the beginning or end 片头字幕, 片尾字幕（在电影﹑电视节目等的片头或片尾所显示的演员﹑导演﹑摄制人员等的名单）.[C] (US education教) entry on a record showing that a student has completed a course学分: gain credits in Math and English取得数学课和英语课的学分.[sing] addition to the reputation or good name of sb/sth 为某人[某事物]增光: Thisbrilliant pupil is a credit to his teachers. 这名优秀生为老师增了光.(idm 习语) be to sb's credit; do sb credit; do credit to sb/sth make sb worthy ofpraise 使某人值得赞扬: Jack, to his credit, refused to get involved. 杰克好就好在拒不参与. * It is greatly to your credit that you gave back the money you found; your honesty does you credit. 你拾金不昧是非常难能可贵的; 你很诚实, 应该受表扬. * His improved performance does credit to his trainer. 他的表演有进步, 这应该归功於他的教练. * It does her credit that she managed not to get angry. 她沉住气没发脾气, 这是值得称赞的. have sth to one's credit have achieved sth 完成某事物: He is only thirty, and already he has four films to his credit, ie he has made four films. 他才三十岁, 却已拍过四部影片了.# `credit account (US charge account) account with a shop, store, etc that allows one to pay for goods at fixed intervals (eg monthly) rather than immediately 赊销帐项（商店等为顾客定期, 如按月, 付款赊购物品的帐项）.`credit card card that allows its holder to buy goods and services on credit 信用卡.`credit note (commerce商) note given to a customer who has returned goods to the seller, allowing him to have other goods with a value equal to those returned 信用票据, 贷方单据（退货顾客用以换取等值的其他货物的凭证）.`credit rating assessment of how reliable sb is in paying for goods bought on credit （对某人以记帐方式购物的付款情况作出的）信誉评估, 信用等级.`credit-side n right-hand side of an account, on which payments received are recorded 付方; 贷方: (fig 比喻) We've lost some experienced players, but on the credit-side (ie at least there is this favourable aspect) there are some useful young ones coming into the team. 我们少了一些有经验的运动员, 然而事情也有好的一面, 有些年轻的生力军加入了本队.`credit squeeze government policy of controlling inflation by making it difficult to borrow money, eg by raising interest rates 信用紧缩（政府为控制通货膨胀而采取的措施, 如藉提高利率以增加借款之困难）.`credit transfer transfer of money direct from one bank account to another, without using a cheque 银行转帐.`credit-worthy adj (of people, business firms, etc) accepted as safe to give credit to, because reliable in making repayment （指人﹑工商企业等）信用可靠的, 有资格接受贷款的. `credit-worthiness n [U].credit2/ ˈkredɪt; ˋkrɛdɪt/ v[Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth with sth; ~ sth to sb/sth (a) believe that sb/sth has sth; attributesth to sb/sth 认为某人[某事物]有某事物; 把某事物归功於某人[某事物]: Until now I've always credited you with more sense. 在这以前, 我一直都认为你不至如此糊涂. * The relics are credited with miraculous powers. 这些早期遗物被认为具有神奇的力量. * Miraculous powers are credited to the relics. 人们认为这些早期遗物具有神奇的力量. (b) record an amount as being paid into sb's bank account 把金额记入某人银行帐户的贷方: credit a customer with 8 把8英镑记入客户贷方* credit 8 to a customer/an account在客户[帐户]的贷方记入8英镑.[Tn] (used mainly in questions and negative sentences 主要用於疑问句及否定句)believe (sth) 相信（某事物）: Would you credit it? ie It is incredible. 你相信吗? * I can barely credit what she said. 我简直不能相信她的话.quantity/ ˈkwɔntətɪ; ˋkwɑntətɪ/ n[U] that which makes it possible to measure things through having number, size, weight,etc 量; 大小; 重量: His reputation as a writer depends more on quantity than quality, ie He writes a lot but he doesn't write very well. 他获得作家的名气靠的是作品的数量而不是质量. * Mathematics is the science of pure quantity. 数学是研究纯数量的科学.[C, U] number or amount, esp a large one 数目, 数量（尤指巨大的）: What quantity (ieHow many) do you require? 你要求多大的数量? * a small quantity of cutlery 少量的刀叉餐具* It's cheaper to buy goods in quantity/in large quantities. 大批量购货较便宜. (idm 习语) an unknown quantity => unknown.# `quantity surveyor person who estimates the quantity of materials needed for constructing buildings, etc and how much they will cost 估算员（估算建筑材料等用量及其成本者）.raw/ rɔː; rɔ/ adjuncooked 未经烹调的; 生的: raw meat, vegetables, etc 生的肉﹑蔬菜等* eatoysters raw吃生牡蛎.[usu attrib 通常作定语] (a) in the natural state; not yet processed or manufactured 自然状态的; 未经加工或制造的: raw silk, sewage 生丝﹑原污水* raw (ie unrefined) sugar 粗糖（未精炼的）* raw (ie undiluted) spirit/alcohol无水酒精（未经稀释的）. (b) not yet analysed or corrected 未进行分析或改正的: processing raw data, statistics, etc 处理原始数据﹑统计资料等* feed raw data into a computer把原始数据输入计算机.[usu attrib 通常作定语] (fig 比喻) (of people) not yet skilled or trained; inexperienced（指人）不熟练的, 未经训练的, 无经验的: raw recruits, eg in the army, etc 新成员（如新兵等）* a mistake made by a very raw reporter毫无经验的记者犯的错误.(a) (of wounds) unhealed; bloody （指创伤）未愈的, 流血的: a raw cut, blister, etc未愈的伤口﹑水?等. (b) (of a place on the skin) with the skin rubbed away and therefore sore（指皮肤某处）擦掉皮因而疼痛的: The stirrup leathers rubbed raw patches on his legs. 马蹬皮带把他腿上的皮肤擦伤引起疼痛.(a) artistically crude; lacking finish 技艺不?熟的; 不完美的: His literary style is stillrather raw. 他的文学风格还很不成熟. (b) frank or realistic 如实的; 实际的: a raw portrayal of working-class life工人阶级生活的真实写照.(of the weather) damp and cold （指天气）潮湿而寒冷的: raw north-east winds 阴冷的东北风* a raw February morning二月里一个阴冷的早晨.(of an edge of cloth) not hemmed or finished to prevent fraying （指布的边缘）未缝摺边的, 未包缝的.(idm 习语) a raw/rough deal =>deal4.> raw n (idm 习语) in the `raw (a) not made to seem better, pleasanter, etc than it is; unrefined 不加粉饰的; 未加工的: life, nature, etc seen in the raw生活﹑自然界等的原貌. (b) (infml 口) without clothes; naked 无衣着的; 裸体的. touch sb on the raw => touch2.rawness n [U].。

牛津高中英语模块五第一单元-FRIENDSHIP-M5U1Welcome-to-the-unit

• 2. What do you think a good friend should be like?
selfless
generous
humorous
brave
reliable
kind
good friend
honest
friendly
polite
open-minded
helpful
warm-hearted
Challenge Your Reaction
1. When you talk to my cousin, Tommy , I am sure your topic will never dry up,
because he is quite fond of talking. That
is to say my cousin is t_a_l_k_a_t_iv_e__.
Adjectives to describe:
Learning New Words
List 1
dishonest
meaning
List 2
不诚实的 stubborn
meaning 固执的
unselfish 无私的
generous
大方的
timid talkative emotional humorous
Challenge Your Vocabulary
Synonyms (Similar)
shy--- timid strong-minded--- determined friendly--- kind clever--- intelligent/bright/cute/smart happy--- cheerful hard-working--- diligent

高二M5U1单词非常讲解与练习(江苏牛津)

模块五第一单元【过关检测】一、单词拼写1.She said she was sorry, but her eyes _________ her secret delight.她说她很难过, 但从眼神里却流露出喜悦.2.The children _________ to eat the mud pies.孩子们假装吃泥饼.3.I _________ by God that I will tell the truth.我对全能的上帝起誓我一定说实话.4.She had an unhappy _________ .她的童年很不幸.5.I was always an _________ dancer.我跳舞一向是笨手笨脚的.6.I have always _________ your good luck.我一直羡慕你运气好.7.I only do it for _________ .我只不过是做着玩而已（并无正经目的）.8.The majority of small businesses now do their banking_________ .大多数小企业现在都在网上办理银行业务。

9.The thief used a false _________ .窃贼使用的是假身份。

10.Most of the students are making good progress, but Michael is a_________ case.大多学生都有进步，唯有迈克尔不可救药。

11.I made the _________ of several musicians around that time.大约在那段时间，我结识了几位音乐家。

12.The article covered a wide range of _________ .这篇文章讨论了一系列广泛的论题。

13.Our product is sold _________ .我们的产品行销世界各地.14.Have you started your _________ yet?你开始复习了吗？15.God have _________ on us.上帝怜悯我们吧。

牛津高级中学英语M5U1单词讲解

Unit 11.b etray（vt.）背叛，出卖betrayal（n.）betray one’s country feel betrayed2.q uiz（n.）小测验3.p retend（v.）假装；扮作pretend to do/that…老师进来的时候，他假装在看书。

He pretended ____ when the teacher came in.=He pretended that he was reading…4.c heer ful(adj.)愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的5.w ashroom(n.)洗手间，厕所=restroom/bathroo m/toilet6.a dmit(v.)承认；允许进入；接纳admitted, admitted admission(n.)承认；准许进入；入场费admit (to) doing/having donebe admitted to/into a college/hospitalfree admission (to…) 他承认考试作弊了。

He admitted ___________ in the exam.7.b eg(v.)请求，恳求；乞讨beggar(n.)beg sb to do8.s wear(v.)发誓；咒骂swore, sworn9.s py（v.）从事间谍活动(n.)间谍spy on sb暗中监视，窥探10.truly(adv.)真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地11.forgive(v.)原谅forgave, forgiven forgiving adj.宽容的forgiveness n. forgive sb for stha forgiving mother ask for one’s forgiveness12.sincere ly(adv.)真诚地sincerity n.13.childhood(n.)童年14.superb（adj.）极佳的；卓越的15.focus(v.)集中注意力于-----;（使）聚焦(n.)焦点；重点focused adj.focus one’s attention on…=focus on…the focus of attentionstay focused16.pace(n.)速度；步伐；节奏keep pace with（与----）步调一致；（同----）同步the rapid pace of life at one’s own pace 17.manner(n.)方式；态度，举止manners礼貌in a friendly mannertable manners18.horrible(adj.)极坏的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的horror(n.)19.guilty(adj.)内疚的；有罪的guilt(n.) 内疚；有罪be guilty of…be guilty about…have a guilty/clearconscience20.cruel(adj.)伤人的；残忍的cruelty (n.)21.remark(n.)&(v.)评论=comment remark on sth=make remarks on sth Everyone remarked on her beauty and charm. →22.dislike(v.)不喜欢，厌恶I dislike it when…23.argue(v.)争吵，争论argument(n.)争论；论点，论据argue with sb about/over sthargue for/against sth heated argumentHe argued that…他提出理由说…His argument is that…他的论点是…24.awkward(adj.) 令人尴尬的，笨拙的25.apologize(vi.)道歉apology(n.) apologize to sb for sth =make an apology to sb for sth26.quarrel(v.)&(n.)争吵quarrel with sb about sth27.sensitive(adj.)易生气的；敏感的；体贴的be sensitive to对…敏感的；体贴的28.athletic(adj.)擅长运动的；强壮的athlete(n.)29.envy(v.)&(n.)羡慕，忌妒envious(adj.)=jealo usenvy sb/sthenvy sb sthbe the envy of sb是某人羡慕/妒忌的对象British television is the envy of the world. 30.blame(v.)责备，指责(n.)（坏事的）责任；责备blame sb for sth因…责备某人=blame sth on sb把…归咎于某人sb be to blame for sth 该为…负责lay/put the blame for sth on sb把…归咎于They blamed him _______ the accident. →They blamed theaccident _______ him. →They put ______________________ him.He __________________ for the accident.他应该为事故负责。

牛津英语模块一到模块五 M1-M5知识点归纳心血之作

Teaching topic: Module 1 Unit 1 School Life过关检测学案一.重点单词短语1.献身，专心于devote one’s time /oneself to sth./doing sth.2.赢得某人的尊重earn/win one’s respect3.尊重某人respect sb.4.对…感到满意be satisfied with5.使某人为某事做好准备prepare sb. for sth.6.过去常常做…used to do7.习惯于做…be/get used to doing sth.8.被用来做…be used to do sth.9.把…捐赠给….donate sth. to sb.10.一…就…on/upon + doing11.玩得高兴enjoy oneself12.通知某人某事sb. be informed of sth./从句13.尽管，虽然though；好像as if/as though；当什么时候，然而，虽然while；自……以来，因为since；即使even if；正如…,当，虽然（用于倒装）as;14.某人对某物感兴趣sb. be very interested in sth.二．重点句型1.一...就…On/Upon hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.2.某人花费时间/金钱做某事sb spend(spent) much time/money (in) doing sth / (on sth)He has spent three years learning English so far.3.越…越… The +比较级+ 主+谓，the +比较级+ 主+谓The more you practice, the better you speak English.4.This/It is the +序数词（first,second,third…）+time+主+have/has done…That/It was the +序数词（first,second,third…）+time+主+had done…This is the second time he has come to Zhuzhou.That was the first time she had travelled by plane.5. V-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用单数Getting up early is a good habit.6. There be …有…e.g. There is a book, two pencils and some books on the desk.There are many kinds of flowers and trees in our school.三．重点语法（定语从句）句式结构：n + _________ + 主+谓+宾n (人) + who/that +主+谓+宾:The girl who/that sits next to me is my best friend.n (人) + (whom/that/who)+主+谓+宾The man (whom/that/who) you were talking about is our headmaster.n (物) + which/that +主+谓+宾:The pen which/that is on the desk belongs to Tom.n (物) +( which/that) +主+谓+宾:The bike (which/that) my uncle bought me is missing.n (人/物) +whose+ n+主+谓+宾:The house whose roof was red was damaged badly in the storm.注意：在that/which都符合的情况下，要考虑只用that不用which的情况；若n后有_ ,（属于非限制性定语从句），绝不能用that。

牛津高中英语模块一unit1词汇讲解

牛津高中英语模块一Unit1 重点词词组1. experiencen.(1) [C] 经历something that happens to you or something you do, especially when this has an effect on what you feel or think:1) This was my first experience of living abroad. 这是我第一次在国外生活的经历。

2) Failing an exam was a new experience for me. 考试失败对我来说是全新的体验。

(2) [U] 经验knowledge or skill that you gain from doing a job or activity, or the process of doing this:1) Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。

2) I have some first-hand experience in skiing. 我有滑雪的第一手经验。

v.(1) 经历，体验，遭受to have a particular situation affect you or happen to youEveryone experiences these problems at some time in their lives 每个人在人生中的某些时刻都经历过这些问题。

(2) 感受，体会，体验to experience pain/pleasure/unhappiness 感受痛苦/愉快/不幸experienced adj.有经验的an experienced teacher an experienced reporterbe experienced at/in +名词/doing something1) Jenny is experienced at teaching beginners. 珍妮在教初学者方面有经验。

牛津高中英语模块五 Unit1 词汇讲解

admit【语境展示】1. Each ticket admits two people to the party.每张票可供两人入场参加聚会。

2. Mr. Smith was admitted into the club as an ordinary member.史密斯先生已获许加入这个俱乐部成为一名普通会员。

3. The theatre in our town is so big that it can admit 5,000 people.我们镇的剧院大得能容纳五千人。

4. He admitted (to) his mistakes.He admitted making mistakes.He admitted that he made mistakes.他承认自己犯了错。

5. You should admit the task to be very difficult.你应该承认这项任务很艰巨。

【自我归纳】1. 通过例句1、2可知，动词admit可表示“允许进入/加入”，可构成结构：·admit sb. to / into ...2. 通过例句3可知，admit也可表示“_______”。

3. 通过例句4、5可知，admit还可表示“承认”，常用结构：·admit (to) sth. / doing sth. / that ...·admit +复合结构【派生】1. admission n. 进入，入场；承认。

如：A week after his admission into the army, he fell ill.他入伍后一星期就病了。

His admission that he was the thief surprisedeveryone.他承认自己就是小偷，这让大家惊讶不已。

2. admitted adj.自己承认的。

如：He is an admitted alcoholic.他自认是个酒鬼。

牛津译林高中英语 M5 Unit1知识点讲解

重点词汇1. get on/ along(with)相处融洽,取得进展Can you get on/ along with him?你和他处得来吗?He is the last person that I'll get on/along with他是我最不愿与之相处的人。

How are you getting on/ along with your computer?你的计算机进展情况如何?[知识拓展]get across(使)被理解;(把……)讲清楚get back回来;恢复;取回get along with进展;相处et aget ar0und/ round到处走动;传播出去get away with sth.做(坏事)而未受惩罚get away(from)(从)……脱离,逃脱……get down to( doing)sth.开始认真地做某事;着手get in收获;进入get in touch with与取得联系get into进入;陷入;染上(习惯)get off下车;脱下(衣服等);(使)动身;(飞机)起飞get on进展,进步get over爬过…;克服(困难);从中恢复过来get rid of摆脱;除掉get sb.down使某人沮丧get to到达get through完成;花光(时间、钱等);通过;接通电话get together聚会,联欢If you cheat in the exam, you'll never get away with it. t试作弊必予追究。

For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away with a fine.他犯了那么严重的错,却侥幸只交罚款了事They have a lot in common, so they get along well with each other.他们有许多共同之处,因此他们相处很好If we can get over present difficulties, then everything should be all right.如果我们克服了目前的国难,那么一切都应该好起来。

译林牛津英语M5U1字词句总结

M5U1 知识点一、重点单词派生词1.betray (v) 出卖，泄露，背叛betrayal (n) (被) 出卖，背叛 a sense of betrayal2.quiz (n) 小测验，知识竞答；(v) 盘问，查问；测验3.cheerful (adj) 快乐的，高兴的，令人愉快的(v) 欢呼，喝彩，加油；鼓励，鼓舞；cheer up使高兴，使振奋；(n) 喝彩声，欢呼声；cheering (adj) 令人欢欣鼓舞的4.admit (v)---admitted 承认admit (to) doing sth; 准许进入, 被录取be admitted to/ into sthadmission (n) 准许进入，加入权，进入权；承认，招人；入场费，门票费5.beg (v) 恳求，祈求；乞讨；beggar (n) 乞丐；beg (sb) for sth; beg (sb) to do sth;6.sincere (adj) 真诚的，诚挚的；诚实的，坦率的；sincerity (n) 真诚，坦率；sincerely (adv)7.forgive (v) 原谅，宽恕；forgiveness (n) forgive sb for doing sth8.manner (n) 行为方式，举止；方式，方法；manners 礼貌，礼仪；规矩，习俗9.horrible=horrifying (adj) 极坏的，糟糕的，恐怖的，令人震惊的；horrify (v) 惊吓，恐吓，使厌恶；horrified (adj) 惊恐的，震惊的；horror (n)恐怖10.guilty (adj) 内疚的，有罪的；guilt (n) 内疚，自责；犯罪，罪行；be guilty of 犯有…罪，有…过失的；be guilty about 感到内疚/惭愧的11.cruel (adj) 伤人的；残酷的，残忍的；cruelty (v) 残酷，残忍；残暴的行为；不公，不平；cruelly (adv)12.remark (n/v) 评论，谈论；引人注意，显耀；remarkable (adj) 非凡的；显著的；13.argue (v) 争吵，争论；论证，证明；argument (n) 争论，辩论；论据，论点，理由14.apologize (v) 道歉；apology (n)15.sensitive (adj) 易生气的；敏感的；体贴的；sensible (adj) 明智的，理智的，合理的；sensibility(n) 感受能力；鉴赏力；敏感性；sense (v) 感觉到，意识到；(n) 视觉，听觉等五觉；感觉，意识；理解力，判断力；意义，含义；理智16.athletic (adj) 体育运动的；健壮的；athlete (n) 运动员；擅长运动的人17.envy (v) 羡慕；忌妒envy sb (doing) sth; (n) 羡慕，忌妒（~of/at）; envious (adj) 羡慕的，忌妒的be envious of18.blame (v/n) 责备，指责；（坏事或错事）责任；blame sb for sth 因…责备某人blame sth onsb 把…归咎于be to blame (for sth ) 对（坏事）负有责任19.gift (n) 礼物，赠品；天赋，天分have the/a gift for/of ; gifted (adj) 有天才的，有天赋的，天资聪慧的be gifted at 在..方面有天赋；be gifted with sth 具有（令人愉快的东西）20.disagreement (n) 分歧，争论；disagree不同意，有分歧；不符，不一致；disagreeable (adj)不合意的；令人不快的；讨厌的；agreement (n) 协定；契约；同意；一致；agree (v) 同意，赞成；商定，约定；与…相符，一致；agreeable (adj) 愉悦的，讨人喜欢的，宜人的；可以接受的，适合的21.amusement (n) 娱乐，消遣；amuse (v) 逗笑，逗乐；消遣，娱乐；amused (adj) 逗乐的，觉得好笑的；amusing (adj) 有乐趣的，好笑的；amusingly (adv) be amused at/by22.identity (n) 身份；特征，特有的感觉（信仰）；identity card身份证；identify (v) 确认，鉴定，认出；找到，发现；显示，说明身份；identification (n) 鉴定，辨认；确认，确定23.hope (v/n) 希望；hopeful (adj) 有希望的；hopeless (adj) 无望的，糟透的24.acquaintance (n) 泛泛之交，熟人；acquaint (v) 使熟悉，使了解；acquainted (adj) 熟悉的，了解的25.cautious (adj) 小心的，谨慎的；caution (n); be cautious about26.adolescent (adj/n) 青春期的；青少年；adolescence (n) 青春期27.respond (v) 回答，回应；做出反应，响应respond to；response (n) 回答，答复；反应，响应in response to28.security (n) 平安，安全；安全措施；保安部门；担保，保证；secure (v) 获得，取得，实现；拴窂，扣紧，关严；保护，保卫，使安全；(adj) 安心的，有把握的；可靠的，牢靠的，稳固的；安全的，稳妥的29.rely (v) 依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；reliable (adj) 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的；rely on30.revision (n) 修订，修改；复习，温习；revise (v) 改变，修改（意见或计划）；修改，修订；复习，温习mit (v) 做出（错事），犯（罪）commit a crime; commit suicide自杀；承诺，保证；commit sb to do/doing sth 承诺/保证做某事；忠于，全心全意地投入；commitment (n) 承诺，保证；奉献，投入；committed (adj) 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的32.mercy (n) 宽恕，仁慈；merciful (adj) 宽大的，仁慈的，慈悲的二、重点短语1. spy on 暗中监视，窥探2. keep pace with 与…步调一致、同步3. before long 不久，很快4. get through 用完，耗尽；顺利通过（考试等）；接通电话；5. regardless of 不管，不顾6. end up doing sth/ end up in sth 最后成为，最终处于7. feel betrayed by 感觉被背叛betray sb/sth to sb 把…出卖给8. pretend to do sth 假装做某事9. stare at 凝视10. behind one’s back 背地里，私下11. promise to do sth 允诺做某事12. in this manner 以这种方式13. keep one’s word/promise 信守诺言break one’s word/promise 违背诺言14. accuse sb of sth 控诉某人某事15. had better do sth 最好做某事16. can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事can’t help to do sth 不能帮忙做某事17. have right to do 有权利做某事18. be ashamed of 对…感到羞愧19. be anchored in 扎根于，基于20. imagine doing sth 想象做某事21. be busy with sth be busy (in) doing sth 忙于22. mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing sth 意味着23. mind doing sth 介意做某事24. look back on 回顾，回首25. be committed to sb 对…忠诚be committed to doing sth 承诺做某事26. have a quarrel with 与…争吵27. make comments/ remarks on对…做出评价三、重点句子1. Life is no fun without a companion to share it with.2. I was shocked to fin d a piece of paper on my desk that said,…3. Last week, we had an important match against another school.His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.Are you for or against the death penalty?The evidence is against her.Put the piano there, against the wall.4. Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship.5. If so, the problems lies with you, not her.6. He felt bad about not being as gifted at football as you are.7. When deciding what is most important in life, some people choose money, while others choose things like security and comfort.8. I saw all of the tourists having their pictures taken together.。

牛津重点高中英语M5U1单词讲解

U n i t 11.betray（vt.）背叛，出卖betrayal（n.）Hepretended____whenthe teachercamein.=Hepretendedthathewasreading…4.cheer ful(adj.)愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快进入；入场费admit(to)doing/havingd9.spy（v.）从事间谍活动(n.)间谍spyonsb暗中监视，窥探10.truly(adv.)真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地诚地sincerityn.13.childhood(n.)童年14.superb（adj.）极佳的；卓越的15.focus(v.)集中注意keeppacewith（与----）步调一致；（同----）同步therapidpaceoflife atone’sownpace17.manner(n.)方式；态的；有罪的guilt(n.)内疚；有罪22.dislike(v.)不喜欢，厌恶Idislikeitwhen…23.argue(v.)争吵，争论argument(n.)争论；论24.awkward(adj.)令人尴尬的，笨拙的25.apologize(vi.)道歉apology(n.)的；体贴的28.athletic(adj.)擅长运动的；强壮的athlete(n.)29.envy(v.)&(n.)羡慕，30.blame(v.)责备，指责(n.)（坏事的）责任；责备blamesbforsth因…责备某人______him.→Theyput______________________him.He__________________fo rtheaccident.35.algebra(n.)代数36.arithmetic(n.)算数37.Easter(n.)复活节38.amusement(n.)娱乐，消遣在线（的）41.identity(n.)身份identifyvt.辨认IDcard=identitycard 42.absurd(adj.)荒唐的试）46.acquaintance(n.)泛泛之交，熟人看法haveapositiveattitudeto/towards…51.anchor(n.)锚(v.)扎根于；下锚Hisfilm_______________ __.53.cautious(adj.)小心的，谨慎的caution(n.) becautiousaboutsth56.adolescent(adj.)青春期的(n.)青少年adolescence(n.)青春期57.respond(v.)回答，回应=reply；作出反应顾，不管怎样regardlessof不管，不顾Theweatherwasterrible, butwecarriedonregardle ss.62.waitingroom候车室；等候室；候诊室63.rely(vi.)依靠，依赖reliable(adj.)mitted(adj.)尽心尽力的；坚定的commit(v.)犯(罪或错)；自杀；承诺；忠于，全心全意投入68.mercy(n.)宽恕，仁慈mercifuladj.。

牛津高中学习英语M5U1单词讲解

Unit1betray〔vt.〕背叛，出卖betrayal〔n.〕betrayone’scountryfeelbetrayedquiz〔n.〕小测验pretend〔v.〕假装；扮作pretendtodo/that老师进来的时候，他假装在看书。

Hepretended ____whentheteachercamein.=Hepretendedwasreading4. cheerful(adj.)that he愉快的，快乐的；令人愉快的washroom(n.)洗手间，厕所=restroom/bathroom/toiletadmit(v.)成认；允许进入；接纳admitted,admittedadmission(n.)成认；准许进入；入场费admit(to)doing/havingdonebeadmittedto/intoacollege/hospitalfreeadmission(to )9.他成认考试作弊了。

Headmitted___________intheexam.7. beg(v.)请求，恳求；乞讨beggar(n.)begsbtodo8. swear(v.)发誓；咒骂swore,swornspy〔v.〕从事间谍活动(n.)间谍spyonsb暗中监视，窥探truly(adv.)真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地11. forgive(v.) 原谅forgave,forgivenforgiving adj.宽容的forgivenessn.forgivesbforsthaforgivingmotherask for one’s forgiveness12. sincerely(adv.) 真诚地sincerity n.13.childhood(n.)童年superb〔adj.〕极佳的；卓越的15. foc us(v .)力于-----; (n.)集中注意〔使〕聚焦焦点；重点focused adj.focusone’sattentionon⋯=focus on⋯thefocusofattentionstayfocused pace(n.)速度；步伐；奏keeppacewith〔与----〕步调一致；〔同----〕同步therapidpaceoflifeatone’sownpa ce manner(n.)方式；态度，举止manners礼貌inafriendlymannertablemanners 18. horrible(adj.)极坏的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的horror(n.)19. guilty(adj.)内疚的；有罪的guilt(n.)beguiltyof内疚；有罪beguiltyabouthave a guilty/clear conscience20.cruel(adj .)伤人的；残忍的cruelty(n.)21.remark(n.)&(v.)评论=commentremark onsth=mak eremarksonsth Everyoneremarkedonher beautyandcharm.→22.dislike(v.)不喜欢，厌恶Idislikeitwhen23.argue(v.) argument(n.)争吵，争论争论；论点，论据arguewithsbabout/oversth arguefor/againststhheatedargume nt Hearguedthat他提出理由说His argument is that他的论点是awkward(adj.)令人为难的，笨拙的apologize(vi.)抱歉apology(n.) apologizetosbforsth=makeanapologytosbforsth26. quarrel(v.)&(n.)争吵quarrelwithsbaboutsth27. sensitive(adj.)易生气的；敏感的；体贴的besensitive to对敏感的；体贴的28.athletic(adj.)擅长运动的；强壮的athlete(n.) envy(v.)&(n.)羡慕，忌妒envious(adj.)=jealousenvysb/sthenvysbsthbetheenvyofsb是某人羡慕/妒忌的对象British television istheenvyoftheworld.blame(v.)责备，指责(n.)〔坏事的〕责任；责备blamesbforsth因责备某人=blamesthonsb把归咎于某人sbbetoblameforsth该为负责lay/puttheblameforsthonsb把归咎于Theyblamedhim_______theaccident.→Theyblamedtheaccident_______ him.→They put______________________ him.He __________________ fortheaccident.他应该为事故负责。

译林牛津高中英语M1-M5词汇课文详解

译林牛津高中英语词汇课文详解Module 1 – Module 5长沙县三中英语备课组编者：陈露彭星辉刘雄江宏宇周秋兰蒋璐模块一Unit 1 School life 一、单词解析1．enjoyable有乐趣的，enjoy, v. 喜欢，享受。

-able,形容词后缀。

2．experience经历，体验，ex-,外，per-,每个，-ience,谐音:人事，外面的人和事，就是一个人的经历。

3．assembly集会，会议, 4．headmaster校长,head,头，master,主人。

5．earn 获得；赚，挣得,learn，学习，学习就是获得知识。

6．respect尊敬，敬重,re-,反复，pect,看，对尊敬的人就反复的看，一步三回头。

inspect,监测，suspect，怀疑7．devote 致力于；献身，devotion，n.8．literature文学literary 文学的, 9．average 一般的，普通的；平均的,aver-,平均，age,年龄10．struggle奋斗，努力；挣扎，难事；斗争；努力, 谐音:死抓哥，努力奋斗多抓钱。

11．challenging具有挑战性的, chanllenge,n.&v. 谐音：拆灵芝，白素贞为许仙抢灵芝，多难呀。

12．encouragement 鼓励,en-,使动，courage,勇气，encourage，v.鼓励13．cooking做饭；烹饪，烹调,cook,v. 14．for free 免费15．extra 额外的，外加的16．fond喜爱的，喜欢的,17．be fond of喜爱，喜欢18．Spanish 西班牙语（的）；西班牙人（的）,Spain, 西班牙19．sculpture 雕像，雕塑, 20．dessert 甜点,desert,沙漠21．look back (on) 回忆，回顾22．satisfaction 满意,sati,谐音：塞他，越塞越满。

牛津英语高中M5U1重点复习

M5U1规则动词：betra yed admi tted be gged sp ied env ied rel ied pani ckedcommi tted-commi tting不规则动词：swear forgiveovercome可数名词：acquaintance s remark sattitude s manner s twin s topic s词性转换：betray-betray alhorr or-horr ible-horr iblyguilt-guilt yargue-arg ument apology-apolog izeathlete-athle ticidenti ty-identi fycau tious-caution respon d-respon sesecur ity-secure rely-rel iable-rel iancerev ise-revision commit-commit mentmercy-mer cifulcruel-cruel ty短语及句型1.table manner s/ in a respectful manner2.dislike it when others fool m=dislike others’ fooling me3. admit being taken in/admit the boy into the stadium/ admit(hold/seat/contain) 60 boys 容纳admit his guilt=admit that he is guilty承认他有罪without the teacher’s admission(permission)/r efuse one’s admission to the lab 拒绝某人进入实验室4. envy her her success=be envious of her success/=feel envy at her success/ out of envy/ be green with envy羡慕极了5. be sensitive to others’ remarks/ be sensitive about my appearance对我的外表很在意6. an awkward(embarrassing) moment7. Before long he forgave me for spying on him=It wasn’t long before he forgave...8. the focus of attention/ focus his message on economy/ adjust the focus9. There’s no doubt that you have every right to...10. a truly memorable occasion一个真正令人难忘的时刻11. offer him an apology=make an apology to him=apologize to him12. be gifted(talented)at=have a gift(talent) for13. be determined to adopt a positive attitude towards(to)life=make up one’s mind(s) to 14. He must have avoided being punished yesterday, didn’t he?He must have read the book, hasn’t he?You must have been in the internet bar last night, weren’t you?I don’t think he can truly forgive me, can he?15. end up in prison/end up having the opposite effect(结果适得其反)16. regardless of what others remark on the book=no matter what others...17. I suggest that you (should) look through your papers=I suggest your looking...=It’s suggested that you...=My suggestion is that you...18. regret that I behave horribly=regret my behaving in a horrible mannerregret to inform(tell)you that...19.As a result of his careless playing, welost.=He played carelessly.As a result, we lost.20.accuse me of theft=charge me with theft21.c annot help wondering/can’t help revise the book/can’t help it(没办法)22.get through a task/a test/the wintergo through hardships23.imagine being taken on / a good image24.cautiously=with caution25.be guilty of murder=commit murderfeel guily about reliance on parents for money=think guiltily of reliance....26.have mercy on=show mercy to=be merciful to...at the mercy of wind...任凭风的摆布e to a pause/ without pausing for breath28.a strongly committed member 非常忠诚的成员commit oneself to accepting the invitation承诺接受.meaning being committed to othersIt’s mean of you to...（小气的）29.If so/ if ever/ if any30.argue me into =persuade me to31.put off shopping=delay shopping32.discourage me from chatting online=forbid me to chat/forbid me from chatting33.be anchored in shared feelings=be based on...=be on the basis ofevidence on which to base his arguments=evidence which to base his arguments on34.A boy is likely to hesitate before responding=It’s likely that a boy hesitates before making a response in response to...35.That’s where I disagree.=That’s what I disagree with.36.in need of frequent revision=in need of being revised frequently37.If you don’t go there, neither will I.---I study hard and I’m diligent.---So it’s with him.=It’s the same with him.---It’s bitterly cold today.---So it is.。

牛津高中英语模块五Unit1单词讲解

牛津高中英语模块五单词表(教师版)Unit11get along相处2betray v. 出卖,背叛betrayal n3primary n. 最主要者; a. 主要的,初期的,根本的primary schoo小学 a matter of primary importance最重要的事4academic a. 学院的,理论的,学术性的academy n.学院5stupid a. 愚蠢的,笨的; n. 傻瓜6overlook v. 俯看,远眺,忽略eg.见笔记7.afterwards adv.然后，后来8cheerful a. 高兴的,快乐的9admit v. 允许进入,承认（1）承认（vt.）+n/doing sth/句子eg.I admit a mistake/making a mistake/that I’ve made a mistake.(2)允许进入某学校（vi.）admit sb. to/into…be admitted into…获准进入（某大学）Eg.She is one of the best students in our school,so she is sure to be admitted into a key university.(重点大学)admission n. 承认；入场费；进入许可；坦白；录用10deliberately ad. 故意地;慎重地11keep one's word守信用反：break…其他有关word的词组：换句话说in other words、总之in a word、与某人讲话have a word with sb.、与某人吵架have words with sb.、逐字word by word、收回某人的话eat one’s words、有消息传来word came that12swear v. 发誓,宣誓,咒骂13forgive v. 原谅,饶恕,宽恕Forgive sb’s/sb doingEg.见笔记14tease n. 揶揄者,戏弄; v. 欺负,嘲弄15friendship n. 友谊,友好16in trouble处于困境词组：out of trouble have no trouble doing sth.毫不费力做某事Trouble sb into doing sth麻烦某人做某事 take trouble to do sth 不辞辛劳做某事17dilemma n. 困境,进退两难In a dilema18brilliant a. 灿烂的,有才气的,杰出的19focus n. 焦点,焦距;关注点 v. 集中,聚集,使集中 ~on20absent-minded a.心不在焉的21as a result因此，结果见笔记23yell v. 大叫~about/at sb.向某人大叫24mean n.平均值,平均数; a. 低劣的,卑贱的,平均的; v. 意谓,想要,意欲n.meaning adj.meaningfuleg.见笔记25guilty a. 有罪的,内疚的26cruel a. 残酷的,残忍的 cruelty n.残忍27stand n. 站立,停顿,楼台,货摊; v. 站立,忍受,位于,坐落→lie Eg.见笔记28awkward a. 笨拙的; a. 尴尬的29outgoing n. 外出,开支,流出; a. 喜欢外出的; [计算机] 输出30apologize v. 道歉; vi. 道歉,谢罪; vt. 道歉,谢罪,辩白Apologize to sb. for sth/doing sth n.apologyMake an ~to sb for sth. Accept one’s ~ eg.见笔记31bitter a. 苦的,痛苦的 n.bitternessShare the happiness and sorrows同甘共苦32athletic a. 适合做运动员的；健壮的，强健的，充满活力的n.athlete运动员，体育家；身强力壮的人33right a. 对的,正确的; ad. 对; int. 好; n. 权利,右; vt. 纠正; adv.恰恰,正好34unlikely a. 不大可能发生的,未必的,多半不可能的It is unlikely that… sb. is unlikely to do sth. Eg.见笔记35blame n. 过失,责备; v. 责备见笔记36doubt n. 怀疑,疑惑; v. 怀疑,不信There is no doubt that毫无疑问做某事 eg.见笔记37.behaviour n.行为，举止38jealous a. 妒忌的39embarrass v. 使...困窘,使...局促不安,阻碍 n. eg.见笔记40in public当众；公开地 open to the public对公众开放41gifted a. 有天赋的,有才华的 n.have gift in sth.42strength n. 力量,力气,长处,强度Force武力 energy能量，精力 power权力 strength力量，力气43teammate n. 队友44unfair a. 不公平的45stubborn a. 顽固的,倔强的46disagreement n. 不合,争论,不一致47ruin n. (pl.)废墟,毁灭; v. 毁坏,破坏; vi. (使)破产,毁灭; vt. 毁坏,毁灭48delay n. 耽搁,迟滞; v. 耽搁,延迟 postpone49mailbox n. 邮筒,邮箱50persuade a. 空闲的,有闲的; v. 说服; vt. 劝说,说服~sb. to do sth/into doing sth. ~sb not to do sth/out of doing sth Try to ~我试着…，但是失败了 ~sb.that/of sth.使某人相信Eg.见笔记51badminton n. 羽毛球52DVD n. 光碟,影碟53note n. 笔记,注解,备忘录; v. 记录,注解,注意; n. 票据,便条,纸币54dentist n. 牙科医生55algebra n. 代数学56arithmetic n. 算术57Easter n. 复活节58amusement n. 娱乐,消遣 v.amuse adj.amusing59amusement park游乐场60circus n. 马戏团61take care小心；照料；保管62daily a. 每日的; ad. 每日,天天; n. 日报63identity n. 身份64discourage v. 使气馁,阻碍（1）discourage...from doing sth阻止做某事 eg.（2）Be ~d at对…感到气馁 eg.66absurd a. 荒唐的67essay n. 短文,散文68punishment n. 惩罚69area n. 地区,区域,面积,方面70trying vbl. 试验,尝试; adj. 难受的, 费劲的, 令人厌烦的71anxious a. 焦急的,忧虑的Be ~about/for…对…非常担心 eg.Be ~to do sth.很着急做某事，渴望做某事 eg.n.anxiety焦虑 eg.72suffer v. 遭受,经验,忍受 ~from受…折磨 eg.73practical a. 实际的,实用的74free a. 自由的,大方的,免费的; v. 释放,解放; ad. 自由地,免费75line n. 行,线,航线; v. 排成一行,顺...排列,划线于76get through通过；拨通(电话)77puzzle n. 难题,迷惑; v. 使...困惑,为难Puzzled puzzling eg.78apartment n. 一套公寓房间79sofa n. 沙发80absorb v. 吸收,吸引...的注意,使全神贯注 be absorbed in…专注于… eg.专注于的同义词：be lost in concentrate in focus one’s mind on Fix one’s mind on bury oneself in/be buried in81absorbed a. 全神贯注的,一心一意的; v. 吸收,吸引,使全神贯注; vbl. 吸收,吸引,使全神贯注82in the world究竟，到底 on earth(放在疑问词后面)eg. 83horoscope n. 占星, 诞生时的星位84attitude n. 态度,看法,姿势 ~towards/to85consistent a. 始终如一的,一致的,坚持的86worldwide a. 全世界的87adolescent a. 青春期的,青少年的; n. 青少年88hesitate. 犹豫，迟疑不决~to do sth. ~about/at…89respond v. 回答,回报,反应 n.response~to…对…作出反应 eg. 或in response to eg.90hesitation n. 犹豫91one another互相；彼此The other两个中的另外一个 the others三个或三个以上时剩下所有的（有范围） others其他的（无范围） another三个或三个以上中的一个（无范围） other+n.不单独使用92regardless a. 不管,不注意,不顾Regardless of =in spite of=despite eg.。

M5u1知识点讲解

【词条1】admit【课文原句】We went to wash our hands in the girls’toilets before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done.(Page2, Lines 15-16)【点拨】admit在此句中用作动词,意为"承认",其后可跟宾语从句、名词、动词-ing形式。

又如: The boy admitted that he had made some mistakes in the exam.I was angry that he refused to admit the truth.At last he admitted stealing some money from his father.【拓展】admit 用作动词还可表示"准许进入；准许加入(俱乐部、组织),接收(入学)"的意思。

例如:He opened the window in order to admit some fresh air.The poor boy was admitted to the college because of his excellent performance.注意:admit 后可接不定式作宾补,但不可接不定式作宾语,即只可以用admit sb. / sth. to do sth.,不可以用admit to do sth.结构。

例如:You must admit the work to be difficult.【词条2】blame【课文原句】If she is a good friend, you should apologize for blaming her.(Page 5)【点拨】blame在句中用作及物动词,意为"责备"。

又如:He usually blamed himself in the past be-cause of his carelessness.【拓展】blame用作及物动词时,通常用于以下三种结构:(1) blame sb. for sth. / doing sth.为某事责备某人。

高中牛津英语第一单元重点词汇M5U1

模块五Unit one Getting along with others高考考点考例点拨1.I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, saying loudly how easy it was andhow I was sure to get a good mark.（P2，line8）[考点]must + have done（p.p）意思是：一定已经做了某事，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测。

[考例]----The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. （NMET 05，江苏）----oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through[点拨]根据题干中“studying wild animals for 13 years”可判断出一定遇到了许多困难。

故选D。

2. We went to wash our hands in the girls’ toilets before lunch and I admitted how badly Ihad done…（P2，line 16）[考点] admit 表示承认,接纳。

常用以下搭配：admit sb. into/ to sth. /admit doing sth./.that- clause[考例] They were clearly long-standing customers, and I suppose they must have stayed faithful to him because he had promised to sell good quality fruit. He had a way with them----I had to ____that. （NMET 05，江西完型填空第44空）A. admitB. expectC. announceD. promise[点拨]根据上下文，表示“我不得不承认那点——他有……”故选A。

牛津译林版高中英语必修五Unit1Gettingalongwithothers重点词汇讲解

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetieji重点词汇讲解1. worth / worthybe worth + money ( the price) 值……钱be (well / better) worth doing sth. (很)值得做某事(worth前的修饰副词只能用well，不可以用very, much等)be worthy of sth. / of being done / to be done1) The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny.这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。

2) The book is worth reading. = it is worth reading this book.这本书值得一读。

2. fun u./n.乐趣；有趣的人/ 物funny adj.滑稽的有趣的1) It’s great fun talking with you. 和你交谈很愉快。

2) What fun it is to meet so many new friends!与到这么多新朋友是多么愉快的事啊！3) He is good fun; we all enjoy being with him.他是个有趣的人，我们都喜欢跟他在一起。

3. say=read ……上说/写着1) I found a sign which read/said ‘NO PARKING’.我发现一块告示，上面写着: “不准停车”。

2) When I returned home, I found a note pinned on my door saying that I should go to attend a meeting that afternoon.当我回到家时，我发现门上钉着一张便条，通知我下午去开会。

4. pretend vt./vi. 假装pretend sth./to do/ that从句1) When I went in, he pretended to be reading a book.我进门时，他假装正在看一本书。