高级英语第二册修辞
高级英语第二册修辞汇总
Lesson11.Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗 )2.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ---- simile (明 )3.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ---- -simile4.⋯it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles a way. ----personification(人 )5.We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor6.Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis ( 省略 )7.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns asthe winds snapped them. -----simile8.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--- --transferred epithet移就9.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown downpower lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson21.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, likea derelict building-lot. -----simile2.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years,and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyardand nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵3. ... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. ----simile4.And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see thelong column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully upthe road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile5.The little crowd of mourners all men and boys, no womenthreaded their way across the market place between the piles ofpomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence6.A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—- hyperbole7.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rushof Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, allclamoring for a cigarette. -----transferred epithet8.Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提 )9.As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southwarda long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with aclumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels—.---onomatopoetic words symbolism10.Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—-- elliptical sentence11.This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin—.-synecdoche提Lesson31.⋯ and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor2. ⋯ that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all atonce there was a focus. ----metaphor3.The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor4.We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphorThe fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side issimply not a concern.--—metaphor5.The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor6.The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will pro bably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽7.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they livedside by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. -----simile8.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side b y side with each other, did not delve into, eachother ’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings—.-simile9.Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy10.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth—.simile11.Even with the most educated and the most literate,theKing ’s English slips and slides in conversation—.alliteration12.When E.M.F orster writes of “thesinister corridor of our age, ”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image—. --metaphorLesson 41.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder—.antithesis2.⋯in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside—.metaphor3.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate—. regression (回 :A-B-C)4.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax5.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike ⋯. —alliteration8.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challen ge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis句10.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis11.⋯ to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition12.And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungleof suspicion -----⋯metaphor13.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead ofbelaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesis14.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intendsto remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor15.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that firecan truly light the world. -----extended metaphor16.⋯to strengthen its shield of the new and theweak⋯ ----metaphor17.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history thefinal judge of our deeds⋯-----parallelismLesson51. Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing , full of beauty, passion, and trauma—.-metaphor; hyperbole2.Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor3.Cool was I and logical. ----inversion (倒装)4.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales , as penetrating as a scalpel.-----simile5.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ---- metaphor or -mixed-metaphor6.Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. ----simile7.I was not one to let my heart rule my head. ----metonymy8."I may do better than that," I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. ----transferred epithet9.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. ----metaphor10.We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under an old oak, and she looked at me expectantly. -----allusion11.Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, ---- allusion12.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat. ----allusion13.The time had come to change our relationship from academicto romantic. ----assonance 半()音14. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis15. What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody16."Your girl," I said, mincing no words. ----litotes ( 接一定 )17.This loomed as a project of no smalldimensions ⋯-----litotes or understatement18.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame—.-metaphor or extended metaphor19. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. ----synecdoche20.He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. ----metaphor21.Over and over and over again I cited instances pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. ----metaphor22.Suddenly, a g1immer of intelligence—the first I had seen--cameinto her eyes. ----metaphor23.I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright. -----metaphor24.. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. -----hyperbole; metaphor25. He's a liar. He's a cheat. He's a rat. ----climax递(进 )26.Look at me--a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man withan assured future. Look at Petey--a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who'll never know where his next meal is coming from. -----antithesis对句Lesson71.Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfullyhideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke—. metaphor; hyperbole; parallelism; antithesis2.Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imaginationand here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats—.hyperbole; antithesis3.What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight. ----transferred epithet4.⋯,there was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the eye. ----hyperbole; double negatives双(否 )5.There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh suburbs to the Greensburg yards，and there was not one that was not misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. ----hyperbole; repetition; double negatives6.The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of theendless mills. —litotes or understatement7.Obviously, if their were architects of any professional sense or dignityin the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high-pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, butstill essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.- —ridicule （刺）8. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with anarrow, low-pitched roof. ----inversion ( 倒装 )9.On their deep sides they are three, four and even five stories high; ontheir low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. ----metaphor10.But what brick! -----ellipsis ( 省略 )11.⋯,and so they have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye . ---- hyperbole12.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. ----irony; sarcasm13.And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks—.metaphor14.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring—.ridicule, irony, metaphor15.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony16.Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia (称：闻名指代一般名 ) or allusion 17.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisinglyinimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole, irony18.They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony19.It is that of a Presbyterian grinning—.metaphor20.A few linger in memory, horrible even there: a crazy little churchjust west of Jeannette ----personification21 ⋯set like a dormer-window on the side of a bare, leproushill⋯----- metaphor22. a steel stadium like a huge rattrap somewhere further down the line. ----simile23.They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. ---- antonomasia (称：闻名指代一般名 ) or allusion24.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. ----metaphor25.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. ----hyperbole; irony26.Such ghastly designs, it must be obvious, give a genuine delight to acertain type of mind. ----synecdoche (提喻 )27.Thus I suspect (though confessedly without knowing) that the vast majority of the honest folk of Westmoreland county, and especially the 100% Americans among them, actually admire the houses they live in, and are proud of them. -----irony; sarcasm28.It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such master pieces of horror. ---ironyLesson81.One speaks of”human relations”and one means the most inhuman relations,those between alienated automatons;one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity—.parallelismLesson91.In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls,between old moss-grown gardens and under avenues of trees,past great parks and public buildings,processions.—periodic sentence2.The air of morning was so clear that the snow still crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned with white-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air,under the dark blue of the sky—.metaphor3.In the silence of the broad green meadows one could hear the music winding through the city streets,farther and nearer and ever approaching,acheerful faint sweetnessof the air that from time to time trembled and gathered together and broke out into the great joyous clanging of the bells.—periodic sentence4.Some of them understand why,and some do not,but they all understand that their happiness,the beauty of their city,the tenderness of their friendships,the health of their children,the wisdom of their scholars,the skill of their makers,even the abundance of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies,depend wholly on this child ’s abominable misery.—parallel construction5.Indeed,after so long it would probably be wretched without walls about it to protect it ,and darkness for its eyes,and its own excrement to sit in.—parallel constructionLesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy,of the brave denunciationg of Puritan morality,and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a countryroad;questions about the naughty,jazzy parties,the flask-toting”sheik”,and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2.Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized bysome—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreatingbehind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans—.metaphor3.War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success—.metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which,after the shooting was over,were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5.The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6.Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by thewar and now,in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country,they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had”made the world safe for democracy”.—metaphor7.After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their mindsand pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 19) to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation—.metonymy ,synecdoche8.Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdocheLesson111.This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among theEnglish,and at the same time,below the noisy arguments,the abuse and the quarrels,there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feeling,not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.—metaphor2.But there are not may of these men,either on the board or the shop floor,and they are certainly not typical English.—metaphor3.Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness—.metaphor4.A further necessary demand,to feed the monster with higher and higher figures and larger and larger profits,is for enormous advertising campaigns and brigades of razor-keen salesmen—.metaphor5.It is a battle that is being fought in the minds of the English.It is between Admass, which has already conquered most of the Western world,and Englishness, ailing and impoverished,in no position to receive vast subsidies of dollars,francs,Deutschmarks and the rest,for public relations and advertising campaigns—.personification6.Against this,at least superficially, Englishness seems a poor shadowy show—a faint pencil sketch beside a poster in full color –belonging as it really does to the invisible inner world,merely offering states of mind in place of that rich variety of things.But then while things areimportant,states of mind are even more important—.metaphor7.It must have some moral capital to draw upon,and soon it may be asking for an overdraft.—metaphor8.Bewildered,they grope and mess around because they have fallen between two stools,the old harsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood or thought to be out of reach.—metaphor9.Recognized political parties are repertory companies staging ghostly campaigns,and all that is real between them is the arrangement by which one set of chaps take their turn at ministerial jobs while the other pretend to be astounded and shocked and bring in talk of ruin—.metaphor 10.Englishness cannot be fed with the east wind of a narrow rationality,the latest figures of profit and loss,a constant appeal to self-interest.—metaphor11.And this is true,whether they are wearing bowler hats or ungovernable mops of hair.—metonymyLesson121.When it did,I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from under him,suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to the mountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2.There, in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and a typewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from which I had spent so many years in flight. — metaphor3.Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished,I must say,from my”place”—in the extraordinary drama which is America,I was released from the illusion that I hated America.—metaphor4.It is not meant,of course,to imply that it happens to them all,for Europe can be very crippling too;and,anyway,a writer,when he has made his first breakthrough,has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous,unending and unpredictable battle—.metaphor5.Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists,they have killedenough of them off by now to know that they are as real—and as persist—as rain,snow,taxes or businessmen—.simile6.In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New,it is the writer,not the statesman,who is our strongest arm.—metaphorLesson131.I am asked whether I know that there exists a worldwide movement for the absolution of capital punishment which has every where enlisted able men of every profession,including the law.I am told that the death penalty is not only inhuman but also unscientific,for rapists and murderers are really sick people who should be cured,not killed.I am invited to use my imagination and acknowledge the unbearable horror of every form of execution.—parataxis2.Under such a law,a natural selection would operate to remove高级英语第二册修辞汇总permanently from the scene persons who,let us say,neglect argument in favor of banging on the desk with their shoe—.metonymy Lesson141.A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’texist for knowledge.—paregmenon2.The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city ’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity—.transferred epithet3.So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut outin theworld.—synecdoche,metaphor。
高级英语第二册修辞(张汉熙版)
高级英语第二册修辞高英下册部分课中的修辞手法的运用未注明的句子修辞均为metaphor…no one has any idea where it will go a s it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side…They are like the musketeers of Dumas…(simile)…did not delve into each other..…suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,…The glow of the conversation burst into flames.The conversation was on wings.,we should think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasants.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth. (simile)Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there.We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest.Symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change(parallelism and repetition)..to assist free men and free government…（repetition）.friend and foe (alliteration)Pay any price, bear any burden.. (alliteration)Survival and success of liberty. (alliteration)United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do for we dare not a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.(antithesis) If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich(antithesis)Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. (antithesis)Let us never negotiate out of fear but let us never fear to negotiate.(chiasmus)Ask not what your country can do for you but ask what you can do for your country. (chiasmus)..in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intend to remain the master of its own house...to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicionThe energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier.Could Ruskin do more?(rhetorical question)Cool was I and logical (Inversion/irony)My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel (simile, hyperbole, and parallelism, irony)My brain ,…slipped into high gearIt is, after all, to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.(antithesis),.. desire waxing, resolution waning.(antithesis)If there is an irresistible force, there can be no immovable object.来源于网络It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect (hyperbole)He just stood and stared at with a mad lust at the coat. (hyperbole)You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. (hyperbole)..the raccoon coat huddled like a hairy beast at his feet. (simile)..logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.(synecdoche)He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein.(Antonomasia)…prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality.The war acted as merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry (metonymy, antonomasia).. to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of “flaming youth”,…now began to imitate the manners imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.When it did, I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from under him…a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is justa “regular guy” that he realizes how crippling this habit has beenAn American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder by means of pure ….. and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bathIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky(simile)He needs sustenance for his journey来源于网络。
高级英语第二册修辞汇总
5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. (Para.19) personification
6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (Para.19) simile、onomatopoeia(拟声)
6. “We can batten down and ride it out,”
he said. 封舱
安然度过
采取果断行动以迎接困难
7. The men methodically prepared for the
hurricane. 有条理地
8. …asked if she and her two children could
14. They saw human bodies -- more than 130 men, women and children died along the Mississippi coast- and parts of the beach and highway were strewn with dead dogs, cats, cattle. 散布
19. …causing rampaging floods… violent 共勉：
Let's not cry about what's gone. We' ll just start all over.
Lesson2 Marrakech
刘彩虹
Figure of speech
• 1、 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.(P1)
高级英语第二册修辞汇总
—Transferred epithet（移就）
• 5、 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.(P16) • —Synecdoche（提喻）
6、 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,adnthen more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.(P18) — Onomatopoeia(拟声)
severe 挤成一团 16. The children huddled in the slashing rain within the circle of adults. Grandmother Koshak implored, "Children, let's sing!" 乞求 17. A second wall moved, wavered, Charlie Hill tried to support it, but it toppled on him, fell down injuring his back. 瘫坐 18. The larger children sprawled on the floor, with the smaller ones in a layer on top of them, and the adults bent over all nine.
(完整版)高级英语第二册第三版第三课InauguralAddress修辞汇总
1.Metaphor（暗喻）1)Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans.2) .. those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.3) But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.4)And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.5)..we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective to strengthen its shield f the new and the weak.6)And if A beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion.7)The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world2.Antithesis（对照）A)United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative venture Divided, there is little we can do.2)If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.And So, my fellow Americans; ask not what your country can do for you;ask you can dofor your country.3.Parallelism（排比）1)..that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by hard and biter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, andunwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed.2)Together let us explore the stars, conquer the-deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.3) .. a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.4.Repetition（重复）1).. symbolizing an end As well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.2)For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.3)Let us never negotiate gut of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate:4).. and bring the absolute)power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.5.Alliteration（头韵）1)Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike...2)... whether it wishes us well or ill. that we shall pay any price bear any burden...,3)... both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom...4)...ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.6.Rhyme（尾韵）...whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden ..7.Synecdoche（提喻）...both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom...8.Climax（渐升）All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.。
高级英语第二册修辞全集
L e s s o n21.Are they really the same flesh as youself —rhetorical question2.They rise out of the earth;they sweat and starve for a few yers;and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.—alliteration ;metaphor3.Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers;like clouds of flies.—simile4.Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape.—irony5.There was a frenzied rush of Jews.—transferred epithet6.A white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche7.What government service.—rhetorical question8.Long lines of women;bent double like inverted capital Ls;work their way slowly across the fields.—simile9.This kind of thing makes one’s blod boil.——metonymy10.I am not commenting;merely pointing to a fact.——understatement11.This wretched boy;who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis ingarrison towns;actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin.——synecdoche12. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column;a mile or two miles of armed men.—simile13.while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction; glittering like scraps of paper.—— metaphorLesson31.no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps andsprkles or just glows.——metaphor2.they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.Theyare like the musketeers of Dumas—simile3.suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place—metaphor4.the glow of the conversation burst into flames——metaphor5.The conversation was on wings.——metaphor6.We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxonpeasant.——metaphor7.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock;and its seedsmultiplied; and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile8.I have an unending love affair withdictionaries.——metaphor;alliteration9.the King’s English slips and slides inconversation.——metaphor;alliteration10.Otherwise one will bind the conversation;one will not let it flowfreely here and there.——metaphor11.We would never have gone to Australia;or leaped back in time tothe Norman Conquest.——metaphor.Lesson51.Charles Lamb;as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meetin a month of Sundays;unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor2.There follows an informal essay that entures even beyond Lamb’sfrontier.——metaphor3.the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate thatlogic;far from being a dry;pedantic discipline;is aliving;breathing thing;full of beauty;passion;andtrauma.—metaphor;hyperbole4.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo;as precise as a chemist’sscales.——hyperbole;simile5.My brain ;that precision instrument;slipped into highgear.——mixed metaphor6.I was out one to let my heart rule my head.——metonymy7.if you were out of the picture;the field woud be open.——metaphor8.I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag andleft.——transferred epithet9.“Polly ” he said in a horrified whisper.——transferred epithet10.Back and forth his head swiveled;desire waxing;resolutionwaning.—antithesis11. This loomed as a project of no smalldimensions.——understatement;litotes12.You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker.——metonymy13.I might as well waste another.Who knew ——rhetorical question14.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind;a few embersstill smoldered.——metaphor15.There is a limit to what flesh and blood canbear.——synecdoche;metonymy16.He has hamstrung his opponent before he could evenstart.——metaphor17.It was like digging a tunnel.——simile18.I will wander the face of the earth;a shambling;hollow-eyedhulk.——hyperboleLesson 71.Here was the very heart of industrial America.——metaphor2.here was a scene so dreadfully hideous;so intolerably bleak andforlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.——hyperbole; antithetical; contrast.3.here were human habitations so abominable that they would havedisgraced a race of alley cats.——hyperbole4.what I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness;the sheerrevolting monstrousness;of every house in sight.——hyperbole5.one blinks before a man with his face shot away.——simile6. a steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somehere further down theline.——simile7.The country itself is not uncomely.——litotes;understatement8.Obviously; if there were architects of any professional sense ordignity in the region;they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides.——sarcasm9.on theire low sides they bury themselves swinishly in themud.——metaphor10.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color ofa fried egg.——ridicule;irony11.they have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen bymortal eye.——hyperbole12.I award this championship only after laborious research andinvessant prayer.——sarcasm;irony13.Pullman ;I have whirled through the gloomy;Godforsaken villagesof Iowa and Kansas;and the malarious tidewater hamlets ofGeorgia.——metaphor14.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius ;uncompromisinglyinimical to man.——hyperbole;irony15.Are they so frightful because the valley is full offoreigners——dull;insensate brutes;with no love of beauty in them ——metorical question16.It is incredible that mereignorance should have achieved suchmasterpieces of horror.——sarcasm;irony17.On certain levels of the American race;indeed;there seems to bea positive libido for the ugly;as on other and less Christianlevels there is a libido for the beautiful.——antithesis18.Beside it; the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.——sarcasm19.The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye.——metaphor Lesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgicrecollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young—transferred epithet2.we had reached an international stature that would foreverprevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3.War or no war;as the generations passed;it became increasinglydifficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown ofthe Victorian social structure—metaphor5.Greenwich Village set thee pattern.——metonymy6.it was only natural that hopeful young writers;their minds andpens inflamed against war;Babbittry;and“Puritanical”gentility.——metaphor7.the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks toconflagration of “flaming youth”;it was Greenwich Village t hat fanned the flames.——metaphor8.Before long the movement had become officially recognized by thepulpit.——metaphor9.who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss;nowbegan to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.——metaphor10.An important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in theUnited States;written by”thirty intellectuals”under theeditorship of J.Harold Stearns;was the rallying point ofsensitive persons disgusted with America.——metaphor11.the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint andring of the dollar.——personification; metonymy ;synecdoche。
高级英语-第二册-修辞-最全整理
高级英语-第二册-修辞-最全整理高级英语第二册修辞Lesson 11The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor 2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile 3It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moved desultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile 5Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6When E.M.Fors ter writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor7. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. Metaphor, personification8. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised thesubject, wondering more about her. Metaphor9. and no one has any idea where the conversation will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. Metaphor10 The conversation is on the wings. Metaphor11. They did not delve into each other’s lives or the recesses of t heir thoughts and feelings. Metaphor12. The glow of the conversation burst into flames.MetaphorLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits-cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—,transferred epithet3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,antitheft more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile7 … there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards,all clamoring for a cigarette. Transferred epithet8. four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road witha clumping of boots and a clatter ofiron wheels. Onomatopoeia9. Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they evenhave names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?Rhetorical question10. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields. Simile11. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.simileLesson 31Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance3United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 4…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor5Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax7And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding8. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce. Parallelism9. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foeto assure the survival and the success of liberty. Parallelism (or parallel structure) and Alliteration10. And if a beachhead of co-operation my push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides joinin creating a new endeavor. Metaphor11 We observe today not a victory of part but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as wellas a beginning, signifying renewal as well as a change. Parallelism (or parallel structure)12. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that …Alliteration13. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. metaphor14. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems whichdivide us. antithesis15. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. repetitionLesson 41Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay withhis memorable Old Chi na and Dream’s Children.—metaphor 2Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphor7. I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. Transferred epithet8. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s f rontier. metaphor9. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs to guidethem during a grail, metonymy10. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction. understatement11. but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. M etonymy12. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker for the rain. M etonymy13. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. M etonymy14. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girlbeautiful. Antithesis15. Look at me --- a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Lookat Petey --- a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Antithesis16. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.Synecdoche17. Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin? Rhetorical question18. I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. It waslike digging a tunnel. Simile19. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, aspenetrating as a scalpel.Simile and Hyperbole20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. metaphor21. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. HyperboleLesson 51The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:”.—transferred epithet2Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,—metaphor5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy7Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor8These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche9. The important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States, was the rallyingpoint of sensitive persons disgusted with America. metaphor10. Their very homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town andFamilies.... metaphor11. Since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for… Metonymy and Personification12. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit which denounced it. Metonymy13. until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to ahalt and… metaphorLesson 61The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crow ds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet2So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor3Sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood —alliteration; metaphor4Tin Pan Alley .— metonymy5New York was never Mecca to me. .— metonymy; metaphor 6Nature constantly yields to man in New York .—personification7So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers .—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers. .—simile;onomatopoeia8Those paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’t get acting jobs do commercials;those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines —parallelism 9“So what else is new?” .—rhetorical question10The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town .—euphemism 11All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be….. .— metaphor 12Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously .—personificationLesson 101. The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of the town.2. His choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonderas to whether or not it will cost him all his friends. Transferred epithetSimileand as persistent—as rain, snow, taxes or businessmenIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky. Metaphorhis props have all been knocked out from under himarmed with two Bessie Smith records …accept my role in the extraordinary drama which is America…when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in … unpredictable b attle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing hismuscles…an American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs…to step out of that lukewarm bath…Even the most incorrigible maverick has to be born somewhere.An American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder. Simile明喻Metaphor暗喻Alliteration头韵法Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶Transferred Epithet 移就Metonymy 借喻，转喻Synecdoche 提喻Synaesthesia通感Personification 拟人Hyperbole 夸张Parallelism 排比Euphemism 委婉语Repetition重复Irony 讽刺，反语Pun 双关Rhetorical question 修辞疑问Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Climax 渐进法，层进法Anticlimax 渐降法Onomatopoeia 拟声Allusion 隐喻Antonomasia 换称。
高级英语第二册修辞（张汉熙版）
高级英语第二册修辞高英下册部分课中的修辞手法的运用 未注明的句子修辞均为metaphor …no one has any idea where it will go a s it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The The fact fact fact that that that their their their marriages marriages marriages may may may be be be on on on the the rocks, rocks, or or or that that that their their their love love love affairs affairs have have been been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side … They They are are are like like like the the the musketeers musketeers musketeers of of of Dumas Dumas Dumas……(simile) …did not delve into each other.. …suddenly suddenly the alchemy of the alchemy of conversation took place,place,……The glow of the conversation burst into flames. The conversation was on wings. ,we should think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasants. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. T he Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, clock, and and and floated floated floated to to to the the the ends ends ends of of of the the the earth. earth. (simile) Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there. e W e would would would never never never have have have gone gone gone to to to Australia, Australia, Australia, or or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest. Symbolizing Symbolizing an an an end end end as as as well well well as as as a a a beginning, beginning, signifying renewal as well as change(parallelism and repetition) ..to ..to assist assist assist free free free men men men and and and free free free government government government……（repetition ）.friend and foe (alliteration) Pay any price, bear any burden.. (alliteration) Survival and success of liberty. (alliteration) United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do for we dare not a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.(antithesis) If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich(antithesis) Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead instead of of of belaboring belaboring belaboring those those those problems problems problems which which divide us. (antithesis) Let Let us us us never never never negotiate negotiate negotiate out out out of of of fear fear fear but but but let let let us us never fear to negotiate.(chiasmus) Ask not what your country can do for you but ask what you can do for your country. (chiasmus) ..in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. But But this this this peaceful peaceful peaceful revolution revolution revolution of of of hope hope hope cannot cannot become the prey of hostile powers. And And let let let every every every other other other power power power know know know that that that this this hemisphere intend to remain the master of its own house. ..to ..to strengthen strengthen strengthen its its its shield shield shield of of of the the the new new new and and and the the weak. And And if if if a beachhead of a beachhead of cooperation cooperation may may may push push back the jungle of suspicion The The energy, energy, energy, the the the faith, faith, faith, the the the devotion devotion devotion which which which we we bring bring to to to this this this endeavor endeavor endeavor will will will light light light our our our country country and and all all all who who who serve serve serve it, it, it, and and and the the the glow glow glow from from from that that fire can truly light the world. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb ’s frontier. Could Ruskin do more?(rhetorical question) Cool was I and logical (Inversion/irony) My My brain brain brain was was was as as as powerful powerful powerful as as as a a a dynamo, dynamo, dynamo, as as precise as a chemist ’s scales, as penetrating as a a scalpel scalpel scalpel (simile, (simile, (simile, hyperbole, hyperbole, hyperbole, and and and parallelism, parallelism, irony) My brain ,…slipped into high gear It It is, is, is, after after after all, all, all, to to to make make make a a a beautiful beautiful beautiful dumb dumb dumb girl girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.(antithesis) ,.. desire waxing, resolution waning.(antithesis) If there is an irresistible force, there can be no immovable object. It It is is is not not not often often often that that that one one one so so so young young young has has has such such such a a giant intellect (hyperbole) He just stood and stared at with a mad lust at the coat. (hyperbole) You are the whole world to me, and the moon and and the the the stars stars stars and and and the the the constellations constellations constellations of of of outer outer space. (hyperbole) ..the raccoon coat huddled like a hairy beast at his feet. (simile) ..logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, discipline, is is a a living, living, living, breathing breathing thing, thing, full full full of of beauty, passion, and trauma. There There is is is a a a limit limit limit to to to what what what flesh flesh flesh and and and blood blood blood can can bear.(synecdoche) He He has has has hamstrung hamstrung his his opponent opponent opponent before before before he he could even start. I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein.(Antonomasia) …prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality. The war acted as merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry (metonymy, antonomasia) .. .. to to to add add add their their their own own own little little little matchsticks matchsticks matchsticks to to to the the conflagration of “flaming youth ”, …now now began began began to to to imitate imitate imitate the the the manners manners manners imitate imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion. When When it it it did, did, did, I I I like like like many many many a a a writer writer writer before before before me me upon upon the the the discovery discovery discovery that that that his his his props props props have have have all all been knocked out from under him …a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle. It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is just a “regular guy ” that he realizes how crippling this habit has been An American writer writer fights fights fights his his his way way way to to to one one one of of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder by means of pure ….. and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bath It is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel tunnel and and and found found found himself himself himself beneath beneath beneath the the the open open sky(simile) He needs sustenance for his journey 。
高级英语第二册修辞汇总
高级英语第二册修辞汇总集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）L e s s o n11.?Wind?and?rain?now?wiped?the?house.?----metaphor(暗喻)2.?The?children?went?from?adult?to?adult?like?buckets?in?a?fire ?brigade.?----simile?(明喻)3.?The?wind?sounded?like?the?roar?of?a?train?passing?a?few?yard s?away.?-----simile4.?…it?seized?a?600,00?gallon?Gulfport?oil?tank?and?dumped?it?3.5?miles?away.?----personification(拟人)5.?We?can?batten?down?and?ride?it?out.?-----metaphor6.?Everybody?out?the?back?door?to?the?cars!—ellipsis?(省略)7.?Telephone?poles?and?20-inch-thick?pines?cracked?like?guns?as?the?winds?snapped?them.?-----simile8.?Several?vacationers?at?the?luxurious?Richelieu?Apartments?th ere?held?a?hurricane?party?to?watch?the?storm?from?their?specta cular?vantage?point-----transferred?epithet移就9.?Strips?of?clothing?festooned?the?standing?trees,?and?blown?d own?power?lines?coiled?like?black?spaghetti?over?the?roads----metaphor;?simileLesson21.?The?burying-ground?is?merely?a?huge?waste?of?hummocky?earth,?like?a?derelic t?building-lot.?-----simile2.?They?rise?out?of?the?earth,?they?sweat?and?starve?for?a?few? years,?and?then?they?sink?back?into?the?nameless?mounds?of?the?graveyard?a nd?nobody?notices?that?they?are?gone.?-----alliteration押头韵3.?...?and?sore-eyed?children?cluster?everywhere?in?unbelievable?numbers,?like? clouds?of?flies.?----simile4.?And?really?it?was?almost?like?watching?a?flock?of?cattle?to? see?the?long?column,?a?mile?or?two?miles?of?armed?men,?flowing? peacefully?up?the?road,?while?the?great?white?birds?drifted?over?them?in?the?oppo site?direction,?glittering?like?scraps?of?paper.?-----?simile5.?The?little?crowd?of?mourners?all?men?and?boys,?no?women threaded?their?way?across?the?market?place?between?the?piles?of?pomegranates?and?the?taxis?and?the?camels,?wailing?a?short?chan t?over?and?over?again.--—elliptical?sentence6.?A?carpenter?sits?cross-legged?at?a?prehistoric?lathe,?turning?chair-legs?at?lightning?speed.—-?hyperbole7.?Instantly,?from?the?dark?holes?all?round,?there?was?a?frenzi ed?rush?of?Jews,?many?of?them?old?grandfathers?with?flowing?grey?beards,?a ll?clamoring?for?a?cigarette.?-----transferred?epithet?8.?Still,?a?white?skin?is?always?fairly?conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)9.?As?the?storks?flew?northward?the?Negroes?were?marching?south ward a?long,?dusty?column,?infantry,?screw-gun?batteries,?and?then?more?infantry,?four?or?five?thousand?men?in?all,?winding?up?the?road ?with?a?clumping?of?boots?and?a?clatter?of?iron?wheels.—---onomatopoetic?words?symbolism10.?Not?hostile,?not?contemptuous,?not?sullen,?not?even?inquisi tive.?—--elliptical?sentence11.?This?wretched?boy,?who?is?a?French?citizen?and?has?therefor e?been?dragged?from?the?forest?to?scrub?floors?and?catch?syphilis?in?g arrison?towns,?actually?has?feelings?of?reverence?before?a?white?skin.?—-synecdoche提喻Lesson31.?…?and?no?one?has?any?idea?where?it?will?go?as?it?meanders?o r?leaps?and?sparkles?or?just?glows.?---mixed-metaphor?or?metaphor2.?…?that?suddenly?the?alchemy?of?conversation?took?place,?and ?all?at?once?there?was?a?focus.?----metaphor3.?The?glow?of?the?conversation?burst?into?flames.?----metaphor4.?We?had?traveled?in?five?minutes?to?Australia.?-----metaphor The?fact?that?their?marriages?may?be?on?the?rocks,?or?that?thei r?love?affairs?have?been?broken?or?even?that?they?got?out?of?be d?on?the?wrong?side?is?simply?not?a?concern.--—metaphor5.?The?conversation?was?on?wings.?----metaphor6.?The?bother?about?teaching?chimpanzees?how?to?talk?is?that?th ey?will?probably?try?to?talk?sense?and?so?ruin?all?conversation .?-----sarcasm反讽7.?They?are?like?the?musketeers?of?Dumas?who,?although?they?liv ed?side?by?side?with?each?other,?did?not?delve?into?each?other's?lives? or?the?recesses?of?their?thoughts?and?feelings.?-----simile8.?They?are?like?the?musketeers?of?Dumas?who,?although?they?liv ed?side?by?side?with?each?other,?did?not?delve?into,?each?other ’s?lives?or?the?recesses?of?their?thoughts?and?feelings.—-simile9.?Is?the?phrase?in?Shakespeare??----metonymy10.?The?Elizabethans?blew?on?it?as?on?a?dandelion?clock,?and?it s?seeds?multiplied,?and?floated?to?the?ends?of?the?earth.—simile 11.?Even?with?the?most?educated?and?the?most?literate,?the?King ’s?English?slips?and?slides?in?conversation.—alliteration12.?When?E.M.F?orster?writes?of?“the?sinister?corridor?of?our? age,”?we?sit?up?at?the?vividness?of?the?phrase,?the?for ce?and? even?terror?in?the?image.—--metaphorLesson 41.?United,?there?is?little?we?cannot?do?in?a?host?of?co-operative?ventures.?Divided,?there?is?little?we?can?do,?for?we?dare?not?meet?a?powe r?full?challenge?at?odds?and?split?asunder.—antithesis2.…in?the?past,?those?who?foolishly?sought?power?by?riding?the ?back?of?the?tiger?ended?up?inside.—metaphor3.?Let?us?never?negotiate?out?of?fear,?but?let?us?never?fear?to ?negotiate.—regression?(回环:A-B-C)4.?All?this?will?not?be?finished?in?the?first?one?hundred?days.—allusion?引典;?climax递进5.?And?so,?my?fellow?Americans?ask?not?what?your?country?can?do ?for?you;?ask?what?you?can?do?for?your?country.—antithesis,?regression回环6?We?observe?today?not?a?victory?of?party?but?a?celebration?of? freedom,?symbolizing?an?end?as?well?as?a?beginning,?signifying?renewal?a s?well?as?change.?----parallelism7.?Let?the?word?go?forth?from?this?time?and?place,?to?friend?an d?foe?alike….—alliteration8.?Let?every?nation?know,?whether?it?wishes?us?well?or?i11,?tha t?we?shall?pay?any?price,?bear?any?burden,?meet?any?hardship,?support?any? friend,?oppose?any?foe?to?assure?the?survival?and?the?success?of?libert y.?----–parallelism;?alliteration9.?United,?there?is?little?we?cannot?do?in?a?host?of?co-operative?ventures.?Divided,?there?is?little?we?can?do,?for?we?dare?not?meet?a?powe rful?challenge?at?odds?and?split?asunder.?----antithesis对句10.?If?a?free?society?cannot?help?the?many?who?are?poor,?it?can not?save?the?few?who?are?rich.?-----antithesis11.?…?to?assist?free?men?and?free?governments?in?casting?off?t he?chains?of?poverty.?---repetition?12.?And?if?a?beachhead?of?co-operation?may?push?back?the?jungle?of?suspicion…-----metaphor13.?Let?both?sides?explore?what?problems?unite?us?instead?of?be laboring?those?problems?which?divide?us.?-----antithesis14.And?let?every?other?power?know?that?this?hemisphere?intends? to?remain?the?master?of?its?own?house.?-----metaphor15.?The?energy,?the?faith,?the?devotion?which?we?bring?to?this? endeavor?will?light?our?country?and?all?who?serve?it,?and?the?glow?from? that?fire?can?truly?light?the?world.?-----extended?metaphor 16.?…to?strengthen?its?shield?of?the?new?and?the?weak…?----metaphor17.With?a?good?conscience?our?only?sure?reward,?with?history?th e?final?judge?of?our?deeds…?-----parallelismLesson51.?Read,?then,?the?following?essay?which?undertakes?to?demonstr ate?that?logic,?far?from?being?a?dry,?pedantic?discipline,?is?a?living,? breathing?thing,?full?of?beauty,?passion,?and?trauma.—-metaphor;?hyperbole2.?Charles?Lamb,?as?merry?and?enterprising?a?fellow?as?you?will ?meet?in?a?month?of?Sundays,?unfettered?the?informal?essay?with ?his?memorable?Old?China?and?Dream’s?Children.—metaphor3.?Cool?was?I?and?logical.?----inversion?(倒装)4.?My?brain?was?as?powerful?as?a?dynamo,?as?precise?as?a?chemis t's?scales,?as?penetrating?as?a?scalpel.-----simile5.?My?brain,?that?precision?instrument,?slipped?into?high?gear. ?----metaphor?or?-mixed-metaphor6.Same?age,?same?background,?but?dumb?as?an?ox.?----simile7.?I?was?not?one?to?let?my?heart?rule?my?head.?----metonymy转喻8.?"I?may?do?better?than?that,"?I?said?with?a?mysterious?wink?? and?closed?my?bag?and?left.?----transferred?epithet9.?Maybe?somewhere?in?the?extinct?crater?of?her?mind,?a?few?emb ers?still?smoldered.?----metaphor10.?We?went?to?the?Knoll,?the?campus?trysting?place,?and?we?sat ?down?under?an?old?oak,?and?she?looked?at?me?expectantly.?-----allusion11.?Just?as?Pygmalion?loved?the?perfect?woman?he?had?fashioned, ?----allusion12.I?was?not?Pygmalion;?I?was?Frankenstein,?and?my?monster?had?me? by?the?throat.?----allusion13.The?time?had?come?to?change?our?relationship?from?academic?t o?romantic.?----assonance?(半)谐音14.?Back?and?forth?his?head?swiveled,?desire?waxing,?resolution ?waning.—antithesis15.?What’s?Polly?to?me,?or?me?to?Polly?—parody16."Your?girl,"?I?said,?mincing?no?words.?----litotes?(间接肯定)17.?This?loomed?as?a?project?of?no?small?dimensions…?-----litotes?or?understatement18.?Maybe?somewhere?in?the?extinct?crater?of?her?mind,?a?few?em bers?still?smoldered.?Maybe?somehow?I?could?fan?them?into?flame .—-metaphor?or?extended?metaphor19.?There?is?a?limit?to?what?flesh?and?blood?can?bear.?----synecdoche?20.He?has?hamstrung?his?opponent?before?he?could?even?start.?----metaphor21.?Over?and?over?and?over?again?I?cited?instances?pointed?out? flaws,?kept?hammering?away?without?let-up.?----metaphor22.?Suddenly,?a?g1immer?of?intelligence—the?first?I?had?seen--came?into?her?eyes.?----metaphor23.?I?saw?a?chink?of?light.?And?then?the?chink?got?bigger?and?t he?sun?came?pouring?in?and?all?was?bright.?-----metaphor24..?You?are?the?whole?world?to?me,?and?the?moon?and?the?stars? and?the?constellations?of?outer?space.?-----hyperbole;?metaphor25.?He's?a?liar.?He's?a?cheat.?He's?a?rat.?----climax?(递进)26.Look?at?me--a?brilliant?student,?a?tremendous?intellectual,?a?man?with? an?assured?future.?Look?at?Petey--a?knot-head,?a?jitterbug,?a?guy?who'll?never?know?where?his?next?meal?is?coming?from.?-----antithesis 对句Lesson71.?Here?was?the?very?heart?of?industrial?America,?the?center?of ?its?most?lucrative?and?characteristic?activity,?the?boast?and?pride?of?t he?richest?and?grandest?nation?ever?seen?on?earth—and?here?was?a?scene?so?dreadfully?hideous,?so?intolerably?bleak?and?forlorn?that?it?reduced?the?w hole?aspiration?of?man?to?a?macabre?and?depressing?joke.—metaphor;?hyperbole;?parallelism;?antithesis2.?Here?was?wealth?beyond?computation,?almost?beyond?imaginatio nand?here?were?human?habitations?so?abominable?that?they?would?h ave?disgraced?a?race?of?alley?cats.—hyperbole;?antithesis3.?What?I?allude?to?is?the?unbroken?and?agonizing?ugliness,?the ?sheer?revolting?monstrousness,?of?every?house?in?sight.?----transferred?epithet4.?…,?there?was?not?one?in?sight?from?the?train?that?did?not?i nsult?and?lacerate?the?eye.?----hyperbole;?double?negatives?(双否)5.There?was?not?a?single?decent?house?within?eye?range?from?the? Pittsburgh?suburbs?to?the?Greensburg?yards，and?there?was?not?one?that?was?not?misshapen,?and?there?was?not ?one?that?was?not?shabby.?----hyperbole;?repetition;?double?negatives6.?The?country?itself?is?not?uncomely,?despite?the?grime?of?the ?endless?mills.—litotes?or?understatement7.?Obviously,?if?their?were?architects?of?any?professional?sens e?or?dignity?in?the?region,?they?would?have?perfected?a?chalet?to?hug?the?hi llsides—a?chalet?with?a?high-pitched?roof,?to?throw?off?the?heavy?winter?snows,?but?still?es sentially?a?low?and?clinging?building,?wider?than?it?was?tall.-—?ridicule?（讽刺）8.?This?they?have?converted?into?a?thing?of?dingy?clapboards,?w ith?a?narrow,?low-pitched?roof.?----inversion?(倒装)9.?On?their?deep?sides?they?are?three,?four?and?even?five?stori es?high;?on?their?low?sides?they?bury?themselves?swinishly?in?the?mud.?----metaphor10.But?what?brick!?-----ellipsis?(省略)11.?…,?and?so?they?have?the?most?loathsome??towns?and?villages ?ever?seen?by?mortal?eye?.?----?hyperbole12.?I?award?this?championship?only?after?laborious?research?and ?incessant?prayer.?----irony;?sarcasm13.?And?one?and?all?they?are?streaked?in?grime,?with?dead?and?e czematous?patches?of?paint?peeping?through?the?streaks.—metaphor14.?When?it?has?taken?on?the?patina?of?the?mills?it?is?the?colo r?of?an?egg?long?past?all?hope?or?caring.—ridicule,?irony,?metaphor15.?I?award?this?championship?only?after?laborious?research?and ?incessant?prayer.—irony16.?Safe?in?a?Pullman,?I?have?whirled?through?the?gloomy,?God-forsaken?villages?of?Iowa?and?Lansas,?and?the?malarious?tidewat er?hamlets?of?Georgia.—antonomasia?(换称：专有名词指代一般名词)?or?allusion 17.?It?is?as?if?some?titanic?and?aberrant?genius,?uncompromisin gly?inimical?to?man,?had?devoted?all?the?ingenuity?of?Hell?to?the?m aking?of?them.—hyperbole,?irony18.?They?like?it?as?it?is:?beside?it,?the?Parthenon?would?no?do ubt?offend?them.—irony19.?It?is?that?of?a?Presbyterian?grinning.—metaphor20.A?few?linger?in?memory,?horrible?even?there:?a?crazy?little? church?just?west?of?Jeannette?----personification21?…set?like?a?dormer-window?on?the?side?of?a?bare,?leprous?hill…-----?metaphor22.??a?steel?stadium?like?a?huge?rattrap?somewhere?further?down ?the?line.?----simile23.?They?like?it?as?it?is:?beside?it,?the?Parthenon?would?no?do ubt?offend?them.?----?antonomasia?(换称：专有名词指代一般名词)?or?allusion 24.?When?it?has?taken?on?the?patina?of?the?mills?it?is?the?colo r?of?an?egg?long?past?all?hope?or?caring.?----metaphor25.?It?is?as?if?some?titanic?and?aberrant?genius,?uncompromisin gly?inimical?to?man,?had?devoted?all?the?ingenuity?of?Hell?to?the?m aking?of?them.?----hyperbole;?irony26.?Such?ghastly?designs,?it?must?be?obvious,?give?a?genuine?de light?to?a?certain?type?of?mind.?----synecdoche?(提喻)27.?Thus?I?suspect?(though?confessedly?without?knowing)?that?th e?vast?majority?of?the?honest?folk?of?Westmoreland?county,?and?especia lly?the?100%?Americans?among?them,?actually?admire?the?houses?they?live ?in,?and?are?proud?of?them.?-----irony;?sarcasm28.?It?is?incredible?that?mere?ignorance?should?have?achieved?s uch?masterpieces?of?horror.?---ironyLesson81.One speaks of”human relations”and one means the most inhuman relations,those between alienated automatons;one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallelism Lesson91. In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls,between old moss-grown gardens and under avenues of trees,past great parks and public buildings,processions.—periodic sentence2.The air of morning was so clear that the snow still crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned with white-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air,under the dark blue of the sky.—metaphor3.In the silence of the broad green meadows one could hear the music winding through the city streets,farther and nearer and ever approaching,a cheerful faint sweetness of the air that from time to time trembled and gathered together and broke out into the great joyous clanging of the bells.—periodic sentence4.Some of them understand why,and some do not,but they all understand that their happiness,the beauty of their city,the tenderness of their friendships,the health of theirchildren,the wisdom of their scholars,the skill of their makers,even the abundance of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies,depend wholly on this child’s abominable misery.—parallel construction5.Indeed,after so long it would probably be wretched without walls about it to protect it ,and darkness for its eyes,and its own excrement to sit in.—parallel constructionLesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of thefirst visit to a speakeasy,of the brave denunciationg of Puritan morality,and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;questions about the naughty,jazzy parties,the flask-toting”sheik”,and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2.Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3.War or no war,as the generations passed,it becameincreasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which,after the shooting was over,were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5.The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6.Their energies had been whipped up and their naivetedestroyed by the war and now,in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country,they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had”made the world safe for democracy”.—metaphor7.After the war,it was only natural that hopeful youngwriters,their minds and pens inflamed againstwar,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 19) to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy ,synecdoche8.Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdocheLesson111.This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English,and at the same time,below the noisy arguments,the abuse and the quarrels,there is a reservoir of instinctivefellow-feeling,not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.—metaphor2.But there are not may of these men,either on the board or the shop floor,and they are certainly not typical English.—metaphor3.Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness.—metaphor4. A further necessary demand,to feed the monster with higher and higher figures and larger and larger profits,is for enormous advertising campaigns and brigades of razor-keen salesmen.—metaphor5.It is a battle that is being fought in the minds of the English.It is between Admass, which has already conquered most of the Western world,and Englishness, ailing and impoverished,in no position to receive vast subsidies of dollars,francs,Deutschmarks and the rest,for public relations and advertising campaigns.—personification6.Against this,at least superficially, Englishness seems a poor shadowy show—a faint pencil sketch beside a poster in full color –belonging as it really does to the invisible inner world,merely offering states of mind in place of that richvariety of things.But then while things are important,states of mind are even more important.—metaphor7.It must have some moral capital to draw upon,and soon it may be asking for an overdraft.—metaphor8.Bewildered,they grope and mess around because they havefallen between two stools,the old harsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood or thought to be out of reach.—metaphor9.Recognized political parties are repertory companies staging ghostly campaigns,and all that is real between them is the arrangement by which one set of chaps take their turn at ministerial jobs while the other pretend to be astounded and shocked and bring in talk of ruin.—metaphor10.Englishness cannot be fed with the east wind of a narrow rationality,the latest figures of profit and loss,a constant appeal to self-interest.—metaphor11.And this is true,whether they are wearing bowler hats or ungovernable mops of hair.—metonymyLesson121.When it did,I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from underhim,suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to the mountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2.There, in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and a typewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from which I had spent so many years in flight.—metaphor3.Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished,I must say,from my”place”—in the extraordinary drama which is America,I was released from the illusion that I hated America.—metaphor4.It is not meant,of course,to imply that it happens to them all,for Europe can be very crippling too;and,anyway,awriter,when he has made his first breakthrough,has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous,unending and unpredictable battle.—metaphor5.Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists,they have killed enough of them off by now to know that they are as real—and as persist—as rain,snow,taxes or businessmen.—simile6.In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New,it is the writer,not the statesman,who is our strongest arm.—metaphorLesson131.I am asked whether I know that there exists a worldwide movement for the absolution of capital punishment which has every where enlisted able men of every profession,including the law.I am told that the death penalty is not only inhuman but also unscientific,for rapists and murderers are really sick people who should be cured,not killed.I am invited to use my imagination and acknowledge the unbearable horror of every form of execution.—parataxis2.Under such a law,a natural selection would operate to remove permanently from the scene persons who,let us say,neglect argument in favor of banging on the desk with their shoe.—metonymyLesson141.A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.—paregmenon2.The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3.So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche,metaphor。
高级英语第二册第三版 第三课Inaugural Address修辞汇总
1.Metaphor（暗喻）1)Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans.2) .. those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.3) But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.4)And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.5)..we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective to strengthen its shield f the new and the weak.6)And if A beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion.7)The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world2.Antithesis（对照）A)United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative venture Divided, there is little we can do.2)If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.And So, my fellow Americans; ask not what your country can do for you;ask you can dofor your country.3.Parallelism（排比）1)..that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by hard and biter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, andunwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed.2)Together let us explore the stars, conquer the-deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.3) .. a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.4.Repetition（重复）1).. symbolizing an end As well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.2)For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.3)Let us never negotiate gut of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate:4).. and bring the absolute)power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.5.Alliteration（头韵）1)Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike...2)... whether it wishes us well or ill. that we shall pay any price bear any burden...,3)... both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom...4)...ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.6.Rhyme（尾韵）...whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden ..7.Synecdoche（提喻）...both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom...8.Climax（渐升）All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.。
高级英语第二册修辞(完整版)
Lesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simile Lesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across themarket place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turningchair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present, transferred epithet3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column,infantry, screw-gun batteries, adnthen more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic wordssymbolism5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simileLesson31 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been brokenor even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they livedside by side with each other,did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile3 It was on such an occasion te other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here andthere, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no needfor one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, andall at once ther was afocus.—metaphor4 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated tothe ends of the earth.—simile5 Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides inconversation.—metaphor, alliteration6 When E.M.Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the vividness of thephrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson41 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has beenpassed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplinedby a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permitthe slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, andto which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2 Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear anyburden, meet any hardship, suppor any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and thesuccess of liberty.—parataxis consonance3 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is littlewe can do, for we dare not meet a power ful challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis4 …in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended upinside.—metaphor5 Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6 All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion, climax7 And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can dofor your country.—contrast, windingLesson51 Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’sChildren.—metaphor2 Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being adry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, andtrauma.—metaphor, hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis4 What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody5 This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her backto Petey—understatement6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybesomehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphor Lesson61 As in architecture, so in automaking.—elliptical sentenceLesson71 Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative andcharacteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen onearth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that itreduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole, antithetical contrast2 Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination—and here were humanhabitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole,antithetical contrast3 The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes,understatement4 Obviously, if ther were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, theywould have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high pitched roof, to throwoff the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it wastall.—sarcasm5 And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paintpeeping through the streaks.—metaphor6 When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope orcaring.—ridicule, irony, metaphor7 I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony8 Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa andLansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia9 It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devotedall the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole, irony10 They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony11 It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson81 One speaks of ―human relations‖ and one means the most inhuman relations, those betweenalienated automatons; one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which hasdriven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallismLesson91 In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls, between old mossgrowngardens and under avenues of trees, past great parks and public buildings,processions.—periodic sentence2 The air of morning was so clear that the snow stil crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned withwhite-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air, under the dark blue of the sky.—metaphor3 In the silence of the broad green meadows one could hear the music winding through the citystreets, farther and nearer and ever approaching, a cheerful faint sweetness of the air that fromtime to time trembled and gathered together and broke out into the great joyous clanging ofthe bells.—periodic sentence4 Some of them understand why, and some do not, but they all understand that their happiness,the beauty of their city, the tenderness of their friendships, the health of their children, thewisdom of their scholars, the skill of their makers, even the abundance of their harvest and thekindly weathers of their skies, depend wholly on this child’s abominable misery.—parallelconstruction5 Indeed, after so long it would probably be wretched without walls about it to protect it ,anddarkness for its eyes, and its own excrement to sit in.—parallel constructionLesson101 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged andcurious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciouslyillicit thrill of the first visit toa speakeasy, of the brave denunciationg of Puritan morality, and of the fashionableexperimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty,jazzy parties, the flask-toting‖ sheik‖, and the moral andstylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖ andthe ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet2 Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if notopenly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we hadreached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind theartificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two borderingoceans.—metaphor3 War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our youngpeople to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling businessmedium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitationg our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released theirinhibited violent energies which, after theshooting was over, were turned in both Europe andAmerica to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward theUnited States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerableto many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhancedsomewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlistunder foreign flags.—metonymy6 Their energies had been whipped up and their naïveté destroyed by the war and now, in sleepyGopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resumethe pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as thenotion that their fighting had ―made the world safe for democracy‖.—metaphor7 After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamedagainst war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentility, should flock to the traditional artisticcenter(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, totear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love,and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles anddolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no realdisillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and playwith the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to betterthings, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where ―they dothings better.‖—personification, metonymy ,synecdocheLesson111 This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English, and at the same time,below the noisy arguments, the abuse and the quarrels, there is a reservoir of instinctivefellow-feeling, not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.—metaphor2 But there are not may of these men, either on the board or the shop floor, and they arecertainly not typical English.—metaphor3 Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness.—metaphor4 A further necessary demand, to feed the monster with higher and higher figures and larger andlarger profits, is for enormous advertising campaigns and brigades of razor-keensalesmen.—metaphor5 It is a battle that is being fought in the minds of the English. It is between Admass, which hasalready conquered most of the Western world, and Englishness, ailing and impoverished, in noposition to receive vast subsidies of dollars, francs, Deutschmarks and the rest, for publicrelations and advertising campaigns.—personification6 Against this, at least superficially, Englishness seems a poor shadowy show—a faint pencilsketch beside a poster in full color –belonging as it really does to the invisible inner world,merely offering states of mind in place of that rich variety of things. But then while things areimportant, states of mind are even more important.—metaphor7 It must have some moral capital to draw upon, and soon it may be asking for anoverdraft.—metaphor8 Bewildered, they grope and mess around because they have fallen between two stools, the oldharsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood orthought to be out of reach.—metaphor9 Recognized political parties are repertory companies staging ghostly campaigns,and all that isreal between them is the arrangement by which one set of chaps take their turn at ministerialjobs while the other et pretend to be astounded and shocked and bring in talk ofruin.—metaphor10 Englishness cannot be fed with the east wind of a narrow rationality, the latest figures of profitand loss, a constant appeal to self-interest.—metaphor11 And this is true, whether they are wearing bowler hats or ungovernable mops ofhair.—metonymyLesson121 When it did, I like many a writer before me upon the discoverythat his props have all beenknocked out from under him, suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to themountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2 Tere, in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and atypewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from which Ihad spent so many years in flight.—metaphor3 Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished, I must say, from my ―place‖—in theextraordinary drama which is America, I was released from theillusion that I hatedAmerica.—metaphor4 It is not meant, of course, to imply that it happens to them all, for Europe can be verycrippling too; and, anyway, a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply wona crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle.—metaphor5 Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists, they have killed enough of them off bynow to know that they are as real—and as persisten—as rain, snow, taxes orbusinessmen.—simile6 In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New, it is the writer, notthe statesman, who is our strongest arm.—metaphorLesson131 I am asked whether I know that there exists a worldwide movement for the ablition of capitalpunishment which has every where enlisted able men of every profession, including the law. Iam told that the death penalty is not only inhuman but also unscientific, for rapists andmurderers are really sick people who should be cured, not killed. I am invited to use myimagination and acknowledge the unbearable horror of every form of execution.—parataxis2 Under such a law, a natural selection would operate to remove permanently from the scenepersons who, let us say, neglect argument in favor of banging on the desk with theirshoe.—metonymyLesson141 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t existforknowledge.—paregmenon2 The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these peopleoff from humanity.—transferred epithet3 So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor。
高级英语2修辞手法汇总
Rhetorical Devicessimile 明喻metaphor 暗喻hyperbole 夸张metonymy 转喻synecdoche 借喻mixed metaphor 混合暗喻personification 拟人antithesis 对仗parallelism 排比transferred epithet 转移修饰alliteration 押头韵onomatopoeia 拟声词1.The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere,and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. (mixed metaphor)2.Perhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think barconversation has a charm of its own. (hyperbole)3.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairshave broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. (metaphor)4.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side byside with each other, did not delve into each other's lives.(simile & metaphor)5.The glow of the conversation burst into flames. (metaphor)6.The conversation was on wings. (metaphor)7.Is the phrase in Shakespeare? (synecdoche)8.…that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at oncethere was a focus.（metaphor）9.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock.（simile）10.The King's English slips and slides in conversation.（alliteration）11.the sinister corridor of our age（metaphor）我们的时代罪恶的走廊12.Other people may celebrate the lofty conversations in which the greatminds are supposed to have indulged in the great salons of 18th century.（synecdoche）13. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries.（metaphor）14. Otherwise one will bind the conversation. （metaphor）15. We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to theNorman Conquest. （metaphor）16.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like aderelict building-lot.（simile）17.…and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like brokenbrick.（simile）18. Are they really the same flesh as your self ?（synecdoche）19.They sweat and starve for a few years.（alliteration）20.…and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, likeclouds of flies. （simile）21. …turning chair-legs at lightning speed. (hyperbole)22.There was a frenzied rush of Jews.（transferred epithet）23.…are working in dark fly-infested booths that look like caves. （simile）24.A white skin is always fairly conspicuous.（synecdoche）25.The soil is exactly like broken-up brick .（simile）26.…winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of ironwheels.（onomatopoeia）27.Their feet squashed into boots that looked like blocks of wood.（simile）28.And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column.（simile）29.…while the great white birds drifted ov er them in the opposite direction，glittering like scraps of paper.（simile）30.friend and foe（alliteration）31.（metonymy）32.We shall pay any price, bear any burden…（alliteration）33.United，there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided，there is little we can do，for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.（antithesis）只要我们团结一致，我们将无所不能，完成众多的合作事业；一旦我们分歧对立，我们将一事无成，因为我们不敢遇见一个与我们意见相左的强大挑战，最后导致四分五裂。
张汉熙高级英语第二册修辞
Lesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees,and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor ,simileLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sitscross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historicalpresent ,transferred epithet3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,adnthen more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots anda clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armedmen,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the oppositedirection,glittering like scraps of paper.—simileLesson31The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile3It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moved desultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once ther was a focus.—metaphor4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile5Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6When E.M.Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson41Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which thisnation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around theworld.—alliteration2Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,suppor any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxisconsonance3United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power ful challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithsis4…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor5Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax7And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, windingLesson51Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor2Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphorLesson61As in architecture,so in automaking.—elliptical sentenceLesson71Here was the very heart of industrial America,the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity,the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre anddepressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole,antithetical contrast2Here was wealth beyond computation,almost beyond imagination—and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole,antithetical contrast3The country itself is not uncomely,despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes,understatement4Obviously,if ther were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region,they would have perfecteda chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a highpitched roof,to throw off the heavy winter snows,but stillessentially a low and clinging building,wider than it was tall.—sarcasm5And one and all they are streaked in grime,with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor6When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule ,irony,metaphor7I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony8Safe in a Pullman,Ihave whirled through the gloomy,God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas,and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia9It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius,uncompromisingly inimical to man,had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony10They like it as it is:beside it,the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony11It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson81One speaks of‖human relations‖and one means the most inhuman relations,those between alienated automatons;one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallismLesson91In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls,between old mossgrown gardens and under avenues of trees,past great parks and public buildings,processions.—periodic sentence2The air of morning was so clear that the snow stil crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned with white-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air,under the dark blue of the sky.—metaphor3In the silence of the broad green meadows one could hear the music winding through the city streets,farther and nearer and ever approaching,a cheerful faint sweetness of the air that from time to time trembled and gathered together and broke out into the great joyous clanging of the bells.—periodic sentence4Some of them understand why,and some do not,but they all understand that their happiness,the beauty of their city,the tenderness of their friendships,the health of their children,the wisdom of their scholars,the skill of their makers,even the abundance of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies,depend wholly on this child’s abominable misery.—parallel construction5Indeed,after so long it would probably be wretched without walls about it to protect it ,and darkness for its eyes,and its own excrement to sit in.—parallel constructionLesson101The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy,of the bravedenunciationg of Puritan morality,and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;questions about the naughty,jazzy parties,the flask-toting‖sheik‖,and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖and the ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet2Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or thegeographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitationg our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which,after theshooting was over,were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenthcentury society.—metaphor5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of TheodoreRoosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the war and now,in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country,they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had‖made the world safe for democracy‖.—metaphor7After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and‖Puritanical‖gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood andChateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense ofloss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where‖they do thingsbetter.‖—personification,metonymy ,synecdocheLesson111This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English,and at the same time,below the noisy arguments,the abuse and the quarrels,there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feeling,not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.—metaphor2But there are not may of these men,either on the board or the shop floor,and they are certainly not typical English.—metaphor3Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness.—metaphor4 A further necessay demand,to feed the monster with higher and higher figures and larger and larger profits,isfor enormous advertising campaigns and brigades of razor-keen salesmen.—metaphor5It is a battle that is being fought in the minds of the English.It is between Admass,which has already conquered most of the Western world,and Englishness,ailing and impoverished,in no position to receive vast subsidies of dollars,francs,Deutschmarks and the rest,for public relations and advertisingcampaigns.—personification6Against this,at least superficially,Englishness seems a poor shadowy show—a faint pencil sketch beside a poster in full color –belonging as it really does to the invisible inner world,merely offering states of mind in place of that rich variety of things.But then while things are important,states of mind are even moreimportant.—metaphor7It must have some moral capital to draw upon,and soon it may be asking for an overdraft.—metaphor8Bewildered,they grope and mess around because they have fallen between two stools,the old harsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood or thought to be out ofreach.—metaphor9Recognized political parties are repertory companies staging ghostly campaigns,and all that is real between them is the arrangement by which one set of chaps take their turn at ministerial jobs while the other et pretend to be astounded and shocked and bring in talk of ruin.—metaphor10Englishness cannot be fed with the east wind of a narrow rationality,the latest figures of profit and loss,a constant appeal to self-interest.—metaphor11And this is true,whether they are wearing bowler hats or ungovernable mops of hair.—metonymyLesson121When it did,I like many a writer befor me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from under him,suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to the mountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2Tere,in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and a typewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from which I had spent so many years inflight.—metaphor3Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished,I must say,from my‖place‖—in the extraordinary drama which is America,I was released from the illusion that I hated America.—metaphor4It is not meant,of course,to imply that it happens to them all,for Europe can be very crippling too;and,anyway,a writer,when he has made his first breakthrough,has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous,unending and unpredictable battle.—metaphor5Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists,they have killed enough of them off by now to know that they are as real—and as persisten—as rain,snow,taxes or businessmen.—simile6In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New,it is the writer,not the statesman,who is our strongest arm.—metaphorLesson131I am asked whether I know that there exists a worldwide movement for the ablition of capital punishment which has every where enlisted able men of every profession,including the law.I am told that the death penalty is not only inhuman but also unscientific,for rapists and murderers are really sick people who should be cured,not killed.I am invited to use my imagination and acknowledge the unbearable horror of every form of execution.—parataxis2Under such a law,a natural selection would operate to remove permanently from the scene persons who,let us say,neglect argument in favor of banging on the desk with their shoe.—metonymyLesson141 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.—paregmenon2The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche,metaphor。
高级英语第二册修辞汇总
• 2、The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. (P2)
Lesson 1
Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
马莺歌
Figures of speech
1. "We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4) metaphor 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 、metaphor 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (Para.11) simile
6. “We can batten down and ride it out,” he said. 封舱 安然度过
采取果断行动以迎接困难
7. The men methodically prepared for the hurricane. 有条理地
8. …asked if she and her two children could sit out the storm with the Koshaks.待到结束
高级英语2第十课修辞总结
高级英语2第十课修辞总结摘要：一、引言二、高级英语2 第十课修辞学概述1.比喻2.拟人3.夸张4.反问三、修辞手法在实际英语写作中的应用1.比喻1.明喻2.隐喻2.拟人3.夸张4.反问四、修辞手法在提高英语写作效果的作用五、结论正文：【引言】高级英语2 第十课主要介绍了修辞学中的几种重要手法，包括比喻、拟人、夸张和反问。
这些修辞手法在英语写作中有着广泛的应用，能够有效地提高文章的表达效果和吸引力。
【高级英语2 第十课修辞学概述】修辞学是语言学的一个分支，主要研究如何运用各种语言手段来增强语言表达的效果。
在第十课中，我们主要学习了以下四种修辞手法：1.比喻：通过将两种本质上不同的事物进行类比，以形象生动的方式表达抽象的概念。
比喻可以分为明喻和隐喻两种。
2.拟人：将无生命的事物赋予生命和人的特征，使其具有感情、动作等。
3.夸张：对某一事物的特点进行夸大描述，以突出表现其特性。
4.反问：提出一个问题，但实际上并不需要对方回答，其目的是为了加强语气，表达说话者的观点。
【修辞手法在实际英语写作中的应用】在英语写作中，我们可以灵活运用这些修辞手法来提高文章的表达效果。
以下是一些实例：1.比喻：例如，“时间是金钱”，通过将时间和金钱进行类比，形象地表达了时间的宝贵。
2.拟人：例如，“月亮羞涩地躲在云朵后面”，将月亮赋予了人的情感和动作。
3.夸张：例如，“他饿得能吃下一头牛”，夸张地描述了他的饥饿程度。
4.反问：例如，“这难道不是一件很明显的事情吗？”通过反问加强语气，表达说话者的观点。
【修辞手法在提高英语写作效果的作用】修辞手法的运用可以使文章更加生动、有趣，增强读者的阅读兴趣。
同时，修辞手法还能够有效地传达作者的情感和观点，使文章更具说服力。
因此，学习和掌握修辞手法对于提高英语写作水平具有重要意义。
【结论】总之，高级英语2 第十课为我们介绍了四种重要的修辞手法：比喻、拟人、夸张和反问。
在英语写作中，我们可以灵活运用这些修辞手法来提高文章的表达效果和吸引力。
高级英语第二册修辞总结
⾼级英语第⼆册修辞总结⾼级英语第⼆册修辞总结Lesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 T elephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees,and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor ,simileLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits-cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present ,transferred epithet3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,antitheft more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots anda clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile Lesson31 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairshave been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by sidewith each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile3 It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moveddesultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor4 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied,and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile5 Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slipsand slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6 When E.M.Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up atthe vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson41 Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,thatthe torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2 Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay anyprice,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance3 United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operativeventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 4 …in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of thetiger ended up inside.—metaphor5 Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear tonegotiate.—regression6 All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historicalallusion,climax7 And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;askwhat you can do for your country.—contrast, windingLesson51 Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in amonth of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor2 Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate thatlogic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolutionwaning.—antithesis4 What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody5 This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was temptedto give her back to Petey.==understatement6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers stillsmoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them intoflame.—metaphor,extended metaphorLesson61 As in architecture,so in automaking.—elliptical sentenceLesson81 One speaks of”human relations”and one means the most inhumanrelations,those between alienated automatons;one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallismLesson 101 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to themiddle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy,of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality,and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;questions about the naughty,jazzy parties,the flask-toting”sheik”,and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2 Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized bysome—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3 War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult forour young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of theVictorian social structure,and by precipitations our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which,after thresh hooting was over,were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germanytoward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6 Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the warand now,in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country,they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had”made the world safe fordemocracy”.—metaphor7 After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds andpens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playingwith marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to showthe way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy,synecdoche。
高级英语第二册修辞(张汉熙版)
高级英语第二册修辞高英下册部分中的修辞手法的运用未注明的句子修辞均 metaphor⋯no one has any idea where it will go a s it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side ⋯They are like the musketeers of Dumas⋯(simile)⋯did not delve into each other..⋯suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,⋯The glow of the conversation burst into flames. The conversation was on wings.,we should think ourselves back into theshoes of the Saxon peasants.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth. (simile)Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there.We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest.Symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change(parallelism and repetition)..to assist free men and free government ⋯（repetition ）.friend and foe (alliteration)Pay any price, bear any burden.. (alliteration)Survival and success of liberty. (alliteration)United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do for we dare not a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.(antithesis)If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who arerich(antithesis)Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. (antithesis)Let us never negotiate out of fear but let us never fear to negotiate.(chiasmus)Ask not what your country can do for you but ask what you can do for your country. (chiasmus)..in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intend to remain the master of its own house...to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicionThe energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier.Could Ruskin do more?(rhetorical question) Cool was I and logical (Inversion/irony)My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel (simile, hyperbole, and parallelism, irony)My brain , ⋯ slipped into high gearIt is, after all, to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.(antithesis),..desire waxing,resolution waning.(antithesis)If there is an irresistible force, there can beno immovable object.根源于网络It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect (hyperbole)He just stood and stared at with a mad lustat the coat. (hyperbole)You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. (hyperbole)..the raccoon coat huddled like a hairy beastat his feet. (simile)..logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.(synecdoche)He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start.I was not Pygmalion; I wasFrankenstein.(Antonomasia)⋯prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality.The war acted as merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry (metonymy, antonomasia).. to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of “flaming youth ”,⋯now began to imitate the manners imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.When it did, I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from under him⋯ a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is justa “regular guy ”that he realizes how crippling this habit has beenAn American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder by means of pure ⋯.. and it is not easy for him to step out ofthat lukewarm bathIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky(simile)He needs sustenance for his journey根源于网络。
高级英语-第二册-修辞-最全整理
高级英语第二册修辞Lesson 11The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile3It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moved desultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile5Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6When E.M.Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor7. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. Metaphor, personification8. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised thesubject, wondering more about her. Metaphor9. and no one has any idea where the conversation will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. Metaphor10 The conversation is on the wings. Metaphor11. They did not delve into each other’s lives or the recesses of t heir thoughts and feelings. Metaphor12. The glow of the conversation burst into flames.MetaphorLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits-cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—,transferred epithet3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,antitheft more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile7 … there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards,all clamoring for a cigarette. Transferred epithet8. four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter ofiron wheels. Onomatopoeia9. Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they even have names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?Rhetorical question10. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields. Simile11. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.simileLesson 31Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance3United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis4…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor5Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax7And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding8. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce. Parallelism9. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foeto assure the survival and the success of liberty. Parallelism (or parallel structure) and Alliteration10. And if a beachhead of co-operation my push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides joinin creating a new endeavor. Metaphor11 We observe today not a victory of part but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as wellas a beginning, signifying renewal as well as a change. Parallelism (or parallel structure)12. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that …Alliteration13. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. metaphor14. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems whichdivide us. antithesis15. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. repetitionLesson 41Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old Chi na and Dream’s Children.—metaphor2Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphor7. I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. Transferred epithet8. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s f rontier. metaphor9. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs to guidethem during a grail, metonymy10. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction. understatement11. but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. M etonymy12. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker for the rain. M etonymy13. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. M etonymy14. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girlbeautiful. Antithesis15. Look at me --- a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Lookat Petey --- a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Antithesis16. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.Synecdoche17. Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin? Rhetorical question18. I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. It waslike digging a tunnel. Simile19. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, aspenetrating as a scalpel.Simile and Hyperbole20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. metaphor21. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. HyperboleLesson 51The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:”.—transferred epithet2Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,—metaphor5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy7Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor8These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche9. The important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States, was the rallyingpoint of sensitive persons disgusted with America. metaphor10. Their very homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town andFamilies.... metaphor11. Since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for… Metonymy and Personification12. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit which denounced it. Metonymy13. until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to ahalt and… metaphorLesson 61The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crow ds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet2So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor3Sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood — alliteration; metaphor4Tin Pan Alley .— metonymy5New York was never Mecca to me. .— metonymy; metaphor6Nature constantly yields to man in New York .— personification7So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers .—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers. .—simile;onomatopoeia8Those paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’t get acting jobs do commercials;those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines — parallelism 9“So what else is new?” .— rhetorical question10The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town .— euphemism 11All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be….. .— metaphor12Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously .—personificationLesson 101. The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of the town.2. His choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonderas to whether or not it will cost him all his friends. Transferred epithetSimileand as persistent—as rain, snow, taxes or businessmenIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky. Metaphorhis props have all been knocked out from under himarmed with two Bessie Smith records …accept my role in the extraordinary drama which is America…when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in … unpredictable battle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles…an American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs…to step out of that lukewarm bath…Even the most incorrigible maverick has to be born somewhere.An American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder. Simile明喻Metaphor暗喻Alliteration头韵法Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶Transferred Epithet 移就Metonymy 借喻，转喻Synecdoche 提喻Synaesthesia通感Personification 拟人Hyperbole 夸张Parallelism 排比Euphemism 委婉语Repetition重复Irony 讽刺，反语Pun 双关Rhetorical question 修辞疑问Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Climax 渐进法，层进法Anticlimax 渐降法Onomatopoeia 拟声Allusion 隐喻Antonomasia 换称。
高级英语-第二册-修辞汇总[1]
![高级英语-第二册-修辞汇总[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/270ee0f92cc58bd63186bda1.png)
1....no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.—metaphor2. The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor3. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile4. It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once they was a focus.—metaphor5.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.—metaphor6.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile7.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries...—metaphor8. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration9.Otherwise one will bind the conversation; one will not let it flow freely here and there.—metaphor10.When E.M. Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink bank into the nameless ,mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.—alliteration3.A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—hyperbole4.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews...—transferred epithet5.. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche6.Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls...—simile7..I am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact.—understatement8..As the storks (用白色的鹳象征白人)flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—symbolism; onomatopoetic words9. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence10. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simile; symbolism1 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration; metaphor2 Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, suppor any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—consonance(尾韵); parallelism(平行)3 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. —antithesis4.We pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. —euphemism5.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor6.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.—metaphor7.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.—metaphor8....we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak...—metaphor9.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion...—metaphor10.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.—metaphor11.Let us never negotiate out of fear , but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环)12.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion(历史典故), climax(层进)13.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis; regressionLesson41.Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor 2 Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—metaphor, hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis4 What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody(仿拟)5 This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.—understatement6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphor(延喻)7 It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.—antithesisLesson51 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting‖sheik‖, and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖and the ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet2 Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly —that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3 War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6 Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy.—metaphor7 After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and‖Puritanical‖gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout the morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy; synecdoche8 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where‖they do things better.‖—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche10. The strife of 1861-1865 had popularly become, in motion picture and story, a magnolia-scented soap opera.—transferred epithetLesson61 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge. —paregmenon(同源修辞格)2 The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3 So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world. —synecdoche, metaphor4....while sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood, and th Johnny Carson show live, preempt the airways form California...—alliteration；metaphor5. Tin Pan Alley has moved to Nashville and Hollywood.—metonymy6.New York was never Mecca to me.—metaphor(comparing New York to Mecca); metonymy(Mecca standing for a holy place)7.Nature constantly yields to man in New York: witness those fragile sidewalks trees gamely struggling against encroaching cement and petrol fumes.—personification8.The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town.—euphemism9.Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously, regarding it as an unworkable mixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and the hypocritical.—personification10.So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers.—onomatopoeia(拟声词)。
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高级英语第二册修辞Lesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 wind and rain now whipped the house.—metaphor3.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.4 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile5 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet6 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees,and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor ,simileLesson21 …there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them ….transferred epithet2. long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls…simile3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dustycolumn,infantry,screw-gun batteries,adnthen more infantry,four orfive thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of ironwheels.—onomatopoeia5 Are they the same flesh as yourself?...rhetorical question6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simileLesson31 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts andfeelings.—simile3 The conversation was on wings—metaphor4 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile5 Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slidesin conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6 When E.M.Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at thevividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor7 and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or justglows. mixed metaphorLesson41 Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torchhas been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered bywar,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling towitness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation hasalways been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around theworld.—alliteration2 Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bearany burden,meet any hardship,suppor any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survivaland the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance3 United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there islittle we can do,for we dare not meet a power ful challenge at odds and splitasunder.—antithsis4 …in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger endedup inside.—metaphor5 Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regressionAll this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 6Lesson51 Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month ofSundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’sChildren.—metaphor2 Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far frombeing a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,andtrauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4 What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parodyThis loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give 5her back to Petey. understatement6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers stillsmoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor Lesson71 Here was the very heart of industrial America,the center of its most lucrative andcharacteristic activity,the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen onearth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,so intolerably bleak and forlorn that itreduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor,hyperboleHere was wealth beyond computation,almost beyond imagination—and here were 2human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole,3 The country itself is not uncomely,despite the grime of the endlessmills.—litotes,understatement4 Obviously,if ther were architects of any professional sense or dignity in theregion,they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with ahighpitched roof,to throw off the heavy winter snows,but still essentially a low andclinging building,wider than it was tall.—sarcasm5 And one and all they are streaked in grime,with dead and eczematous patches of paintpeeping through the streaks.—metaphor6 When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hopeor caring.—ridicule ,irony,metaphor7 I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony8 It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius,uncompromisingly inimical to man,haddevoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony9 They like it as it is:beside it,the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony10 It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson101 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-agedand curious questionings by the young:memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of thefirst visit to a speakeasy,of the brave denunciationg of Puritan morality,and of thefashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;questionsabout the naughty,jazzy parties,the flask-toting”sheik”,and the moral and stylisticvagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2 Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously ifnot openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition andthat we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreatingbehind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of ourtwo bordering oceans.—metaphor3 War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for ouryoung people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustlingbusiness medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian socialstructure,and by precipitationg our young people into a pattern of mass murder itreleased their inhibited violent energies which,after theshooting was over,were turned inboth Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth centurysociety.—metaphor5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany towardthe United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent wereintolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousnessenhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of TheodoreRoosevelt,our young menbegan to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6 After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pensinflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditionalartistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creativestrength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to giveall to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy7 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing withmarbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood andChateau-Thierry,and who hadsuffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners oftheir elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor8 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way tobetter things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint andring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europewhere”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche。