非谓语动词独立主格

Such being+名词（代词）
Such being the case, she has nothing to say. Such being the fact, she had to admit his mistake.
• I have never imagined of there being a picture on the wall.
要求：不适用连词，将两个句子 合并为一个句子。
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
比较三句：
☞ It rain so/and I stayed at home.
☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
特殊：
As there was no bus, we had to go back
home on foot. _T_h_e_re__b_e_in__g_n_o__b_u_s_, we had to go back home on foot.
Because it is Sunday today, we don’t have to work. __It_b__e_in_g__S_u_n_d_a_y___, we don’t have to work.
并列连词：and, or, but, so, for, when, while, neither…nor,
either…or, not…but, not only…but also
要求：可以使用连词，请将 句子合并为复合句。
☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
off. When the meeting was over, we left the room. __T_h_e_m__e_e_ti_n_g__o_v_e_r_____, we left the room.
She stood there, a book in his hand. = book in hand
• I send you 100 dollars today, and the rest will follow in a year.
• I send you 100 dollars today, __th_e__r_e_s_t _to__fo__ll_o_w_____in a year.
2.名词/主格代词+(being)+adj./adv./介词短语/n As the teacher was ill, the lecture was put off. __T_h_e_t_e_a_c_h_e_r__il_l _____, the lecture was put
clenched on his breast and his glaring eyes looking straight upward.
名词或代词+不定式 1）明天要考试，我今晚就不去看电影了吧。
The exam to be held tomorrow, I couldn’t go to the cinema tonight.
• I expect there to be many chances for him to get a job.
• What is the chance of there ____ some good dictionaries in that bookstore?
• The teacher was waiting for there___ complete silence.
主语是代词时，being不能省
区别于分词作状语
分词做状语特点： • 现在分词作状语，表主动的动作，或表动
作正在进行
• 过去分词作状语，表被动的动作，或表动 作已经完成。
分词作状语
1 When they hear the news, they all jumped with joy
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
2 When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
3 The children ran out of the room. They laughed and talked merrily.
⑧ He reached the beautiful river with red flowers and green trees on both sides. 他来到了两岸长满红花绿树的这条河上。（作后置定 语，修饰river）
★ 独立主格结构
permitting Father ________(permit), Grace enjoyed a big bonbon. The game __l_o_s_t___(lose), Grace still looked up to her
⑥ He fought the tiger without a stick as his only weapon. 他与老虎搏斗, 没有一根棍子作为武器。（表示方式）
⑦ The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. 老师进入了教室，手里拿着一本书。（表伴随状况）
区别于介词with / without复合结 构
With / without + 名词/宾格代词
doing(表示动作的主动和进行) done（表示动作的被动和完成）
+ to do(表示将来) adj / adv (表示状态或特征) 介词短语（表示状态或特征）
该结构作状语可以表示时间、原因、方式、伴随状况等 含义；有时候也可以作定语。
Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed.
It rained. I stayed at home.
怎样将两个句子合并？
要求：可以使用连词，请将句 子合并成并列句。
☞ It rain so/and I stayed at home.
③ I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do. 我不能出去，因为有很多工作要做。（表示原因）
④ Don’t talk with your mouth full. 不要嘴里含着东 西谈话。（表示方式）
⑤ With the light off, we can’t see anything. 灯灭了，我们什么也看不见。（表示原因）
2)综合来看，他的论文比你的更有价值。
All things considered（If all things are considered）, her paper is of greater value
than yours. 3)他仰面躺着，牙关紧闭，双手紧握在胸前，
两眼朝上直直地怒视着。 He lay on his back, his teeth set, his right hand
（being） alive.
3）会议一结束，他们就都回家了。 The meeting （being）over, they all
went home.
名词/主格代词+介词短语
1）孩子们手里拿着花向我们跑过来 The children came running towards us, flowers in hands.
独立主格结构的概念：
☞ “独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻 辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不 定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结 构在形式上与主句没有关系，通常称为“独
立主格结构”。
独立主格形式 1.名词/主格代词+
doing 主动 done 被动 to do 将来
If weather permits, we will go for a spring outing. _W_e_a_t_h_e_r_p_e_r_m_i_tt_in_g___, we will go for a spring outing. The boy stood there, and his hand was raised. The boy stood there, __h__is_h__an__d_r_a_is_e_d______.
不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为，表示“企图” “约定”等，指的是按计划安排要做的事。
名词/主格代词+形容词
1）这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
So many people （being）absent, the meeting had to be called off.
2）那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 An air accident happened to the plane, nobody
hometown. It being +名词（代词） 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 It being Christmas, the government offices were
closed. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。 It being holiday, all the shops were shut.
名词或代词+形容+词be\i副ng词…” 构 成 时 ， 名词或代词+介b词e短ing语常省略。 名词或代词+名词
There being +名词（代词） It being +名词（代词）
名词或代词+分词（doing\done)