学位英语虚拟语气
成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(二)
成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(二)成人本科学位英语串讲讲义(二)三、虚拟语气赵文通考试重点:1. 条件句中的虚拟语气例1:I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. would know例2:If a better material ______, the strength of the part would have been increased.A. had been usedB. had been usingC. being usedD. using条件句中的虚拟语气需要注意以下三点:如果条件句中有were, had, should时,可以把if省略,然后把这三个单词提前,形成倒装。
例3:_____ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business.A. If he tookB. if he should takeC. Were he to takeD. Had he taken含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的应用三级考试中经常出现的三个句型:But for/without…,…………, otherwise/or………, but/though….例4:But for your help, I _____ the work in time.A. did not finishB. could not finishA. will not finish D. would not have finished例5:Without electricity, human life _____ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be例6:He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he_____ to the meeting.A. would have comeB. would comeC. could comeD. had come例7:We would have made a lot of money, but we halfwayA. gave upB. had given upC.would give upD. were to give up错综时间条件句例8:If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night.2. (should )+动词原形在某些从句中的应用1)当宾语从句从的谓语是suggest, request, insist, desire , demand, propose, order, command, arrange等动词时,如: 例1:I suggested that we should go there on foot.注意:当insist表示坚持认为之意时, 不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气. 如:例2:The man insisted that he had never stolen the money2) It is ordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/等后的主语从句中例3:It is desired that we should get everything ready tonight3) advice, idea, order, plan, demand, proposal, suggestion, reques t等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.如:例4:My suggestion is that we should hold a meeting this evening3. wish后的宾与从句中应当用虚拟语气4. if only 引导的感叹句中5. as if/as though引导的状语从句中6. would rather后的句子的虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式7. it is (high) time that ….句型中, 从句的谓语动词用过去式四、非谓语动词1. 不定式不定式的逻辑主语例1:The road is wild enough for cars to pass by.例2:It is important for you to work hard.例3:It is kind of you to help me.不定式的时态和语态例4:The magnificent museum is said _____ about a hundred years ago.A. to be builtB. to have been builtC. to have builtD. to have being built使用不带to的不定式1)why not do表示委婉的建议例1:Why not_____Professor Li for help? He is kind-hearted and willing to help.A. askB. you askC. to askD. your asking2)使役动词have, make, let的后面接不定式做宾语补足语时,用省to的不定式。
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
成人本科学士学位英语词汇及单词记忆法
成人本科学士学位英语词汇及单词记忆法成人本科学士学位英语词汇及单词记忆法我们知道一个句子里的最核心的部分是主谓宾。
其中谓语部分是关键,它由动词充当;主语和宾语有名词来充当。
定语和状语通常是形容词和副词。
我们定出的记单词的优先次序原则就是根据各种词类在句子中的功能。
下面是店铺为大家整理的成人本科学士学位英语词汇及单词记忆法,欢迎大家阅读学习。
1 虚拟语气宾语从句:order,demand,require,request,direct,command,urge,rule,suggest,advise,vote,propose move,recommend,prefer,decide,insist,desire,decree主语从句:vital,important,essential,imperative,obligatory,necessary,unnecessary,impossible,sad,strange,natural,advisable,fitting,proper,appropriate,desirable2 不定式1) 通常只接动词不定式作宾语的常考动词:agree,attempt,claim,decide demand,ask,hesitate,beg ,fail,care,consent,promise,desire,hope,intend,learn,offer,plan,refuse,prepare,pretend,strive,require,appear,arrange,expect,manage,tend,afford,wish,want,seem ,struggle,swear,threaten,wait,undertake,venture,seek,resolve,aim,determine,endeavor,apply,claim,pledge,pretend,profess,refuse,volunteer,vow,happen ,guarantee,neglect,proceed,prove,condescend,consent,trouble,bother(negative),care(negative),choose,fail etc2) 用于动词+宾语+不定式结构的常考动词:force,hire,tell,require,teach,warn ,allow,ask,inform,beg,convince,expect,invite,order,permit,promise,instruct,prepare,urge,remind,want,advise,persuade,dare,forbid,like,challenge,request,get,need ,oblige,encourage,enable,compel,recommend,declare,prove,command,encourage,enable,lead,press,etc1) 用于be+形容词+不定式结构的常考形容词anxious,boring,dangerous,pleased,hard,eager,easy,fortunate,strange,good,ready,usual,prepared,surprised,common,useless,asked,lucky,difficult,likely satisfied,careful,sure,glad,bored,certain,etc2) 用于名词+不定式结构的常考名词:failure,offer,plan,ability,decision,desire,chance,permission,occasion,fun,honor,capacity,wish,pleasure,opportunity,demand,way ,refusal,responsibility,freedom,promise,etc.3) 后面跟省去“to”的不定式作宾补的常考动词:see watch,notice,observe,hear,listen to,feel ,get,make,have,let ,help,bid,know,look at ,smell,etc 背单词捷径的第一条每次大量地背。
英语专业语法虚拟语气
英语专业语法虚拟语气1 Mood 语气和时态(Tense)、语态(V oice)一样,语气(Mood)也是谓语动词的一种形式,表明说话的目的和意图。
英语中有四种语气:陈述语气:The Indicative Mood疑问语气:The Interrogative Mood祈使语气:The Imperative Mood虚拟语气:The Subjunctive Mood1.1 陈述语气陈述语气陈述一个事实或提出一个想法:Ours is a great socialist country.我们的国家是一个伟大的社会主义国家。
(陈述事实)I hope our country will become strong and prosperous.我希望我们的国家繁荣富强。
(提出想法)1.2疑问语气用来提出问题:Have you ever been to Japan?What’s nationality?你是哪国人?1.3祈使语气:表示说话人向对方提出请求、邀请,给予忠告、指示、警告,发出命令等。
Put down your gun!把枪放下。
(命令)Please be seated.请坐下。
(请求)1.4 虚拟语气在表示一种纯然假想的情况或主观愿望时,动词需用一种特殊形式,称为虚拟语气。
2.1 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法条件句:包含条件从句的句子。
真实条件句:可能实现的条件句。
If I have time I’ll come over to see you.如果我有时间我就来看你。
If we leave now, we can still catch the train.如果我们现在动身,还可能赶上火车。
虚拟条件句:表示纯然假想的情况,在这类条件句中谓语动词就需要用虚拟语气。
If I had enough money, I would buy a computer.如果我有足够的钱,我将买一台电脑。
(但我没有)If you had arrived a little earlier, you would have seen her.你要是早来一会儿就见到她了。
英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳
英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳英语语法:虚拟语气的知识点归纳虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用于表达一种假设、愿望、建议、要求或可能性较小的情况。
在本文中,将对虚拟语气的几个主要知识点进行归纳总结。
1. 条件句中的虚拟语气在条件句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示与当前事实相反的情况。
虚拟语气的形式包括"would/could/should+动词原形",以及"动词过去式+动词原形"。
例如:- If I had more time, I would travel around the world.(如果我有更多时间,我就会周游世界。
)- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
)2. 虚拟语气用于表达愿望和建议虚拟语气还常用于表达愿望和建议,表示一种假设的情况。
常见的表达方式有:- I wish/If only + 主语 + 过去式(be动词用were):表示对现在或将来的希望或遗憾。
例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望自己更高。
)- If only she could speak fluent English.(要是她能说一口流利的英语就好了。
)- It is time + 主语 + 过去式(should + 动词原形):用于表示现在或将来应该发生的动作。
例如:- It is time we started the meeting.(是时候开始会议了。
)- It is time you should apologize to her.(你应该向她道歉了。
)3. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用在宾语从句中,若主句的动词表达了建议、命令、要求等含义时,宾语从句中的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气。
具体的用法如下:- 建议:suggest/recommend + (that) + 主语 + (should)+ 动词原形。
学位英语课件-虚拟语气
• ③表示对将来情况的主观推测(可能相反或可能 性很小)
•
从句谓语动词形式
主句谓语动词形式
If+主语+ ① should+动词 ② were to do
should/would/could/ might+动词原形
• 例子:. • If he would come here tomorrow, I
• 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生 物。
• ②表示与过去事实相反的情况 •
从句谓语动词形式
主句谓语动词形式
had+过去分词(过去完成时)should/would/could/
might+ have+过去分词 (过去将来完成时)
• eg.
• If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake .
• eg. If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
• 如果我是你,我会带把伞。
• If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会 告诉你。
• If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.
• 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或
假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事
实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语 动词的特殊形式来表示。
• ① 表示与现在事实相反的情况
(条件)从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式
学位英语语法精讲-语气练习
学位英语试题精讲:语气1.I would ask George to lend us the money if I ____ him.A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. to have read【答案】C 该句使用了虚拟语气,从主句的would ask 判断,if 从句谓语动词可以用一般过去时knew,表示对现在事实的虚拟。
句意为“如果我认识乔治的话,我就让他借给我们钱了”。
2.If I __ you, I ___ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was/ shall payB. am/ will payC. would be/ would payD. were/ would pay【答案】D。
如果我是你,我会在英语成语和短语上多关注一些。
对现在的虚拟。
3.Don't touch the sleeping tiger. If he woke up, he_____ you.A. would come toB. would come atC. would have come towardD. will come to【答案】B。
别动那个正在睡觉的老虎,他要是醒了会咬你的。
if条件句中对现在的虚拟。
4.We ___ delighted if the report ___ true.A. were/ wereB. shall be/ wereC. should be/ wereD. were/ would be【答案】C。
如果这个报告是真是的,那我们就会很高兴的。
if条件句中对现在的虚拟。
5.If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to, I'd like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.A. wouldB. couldC. had toD. ought to【答案】B。
函授本科学士学位英语考试语法
函授本科学士学位英语考试语法
以下是函授本科学士学位英语考试语法:
1. 时态和语态:掌握基本时态(如一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等)的用法,以及主动语态和被动语态的使用。
2. 非谓语动词:掌握不定式、动名词和分词的基本用法,理解它们的时态、语态和非谓语形式。
3. 虚拟语气:掌握虚拟语气的基本用法,包括条件句中的虚拟语气、建议、要求和愿望等表达方式。
4. 定语从句和状语从句:掌握定语从句和状语从句的基本用法,包括关系代词和关系副词的用法,以及从句的时态和语态。
5. 主谓一致:掌握主谓一致的基本原则,能够正确判断主语和谓语之间的关系,避免出现主谓不一致的错误。
6. 强调句和倒装句:掌握强调句和倒装句的基本结构和用法,理解它们在语境中的意义和作用。
7. 常用词组和短语:掌握常用词组和短语的用法,能够正确理解其在句子中的意义。
8. 词汇选择:根据语境选择合适的词汇,避免使用过于简单或过于复杂的词汇。
9. 句子结构分析:能够正确分析句子结构,理解句子中各个成分之间的关系。
10. 阅读理解:掌握阅读理解的基本技巧和方法,能够快速准确地理解文章
的主旨和细节。
11. 写作:掌握基本的写作技巧和方法,能够清晰地表达自己的观点和思想。
以上是函授本科学士学位英语考试语法的主要内容,当然在实际考试中可能还有其他的要求和内容。
建议考生仔细阅读考试大纲,了解考试的具体要求和考试形式,以便更好地备考。
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)是英语中的一种特殊语气形式,用于表示非现实的情况、假设、愿望、建议等。
虚拟语气主要有以下几种种类和用法。
1. 条件虚拟语气(Conditional Subjunctive)条件虚拟语气用于描述与现实情况相反或不可能实现的假设条件。
它通常由if引导,用以表示与现实情况相反的假设。
条件虚拟语气的句子通常由主语+谓语动词的过去式构成,次要句则使用过去完成时。
例如:- If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.(如果我是一只鸟,我就会在天空中飞翔。
)2. 建议虚拟语气(Subjunctive for Suggestions)建议虚拟语气用于表示建议、要求、命令、主动要求等含义。
它通常由动词原形构成,谓语动词后不加s或es。
例如:- I suggest that he study harder.(我建议他更加努力学习。
)3. 祝愿虚拟语气(Subjunctive for Wishes)祝愿虚拟语气用于表示对于现在或过去事实的一种虚构愿望,无法实现或不可实现。
它通常由动词原形构成。
例如:- I wish I were a famous singer.(但愿我是一名著名歌手。
)4. 委婉语气(Subjunctive for Politeness)委婉语气用于表示礼貌、客气、委婉的说法,常用于祈使句、建议句、感谢句等。
它通常由动词原形构成。
例如:- Would you mind closing the window?(您介意关上窗户吗?)5. 愿望虚拟语气(Subjunctive for Desires)愿望虚拟语气用于表示对于将来可能的愿望,但很少说成真的可能性。
它通常由动词原形构成,常与情态动词“would”连用。
例如:- I hope she would come to my party.(我希望她能来参加我的派对。
英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳
英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。
虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。
以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。
例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。
)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。
- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。
)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。
例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。
)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。
)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。
例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。
)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。
学士学位英语考试语法大全:虚拟语气
学士学位英语考试语法大全:虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气,现将其形式列表如下:It is necessary that he (should) be sent to hospital at once. 有必要马上把他送医院。
2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。
(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。
a.表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行时(be的过去式用were)表示。
如:I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。
(可惜不知道。
)I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around. 但愿我的家乡四季如春。
(只是愿望,实际根本不可能实现。
)b.表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词用had+过去分词。
如:I wish (that) I hadn't wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。
(实际上已经浪费掉了。
)He wishes (wished) he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。
(事实上机会已经失去了,他感到惋惜。
)c.表示对将来的主观愿望:谓语动词形式为“would/should/could/might+动词原形”,此时要注意,主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现,取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动作名词除外)。
如:I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止。
I wish you would be quiet. 我希望你安静一些。
(2)在suggest(建议), demand(要求), order(命令), propose(建议), insist (坚持要做), command(命令), request(要求), desire(希望)等动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,表示建议,要求,命令等。
成人本科学士学位英语语法集锦
成⼈本科学⼠学位英语语法集锦成⼈本科学⼠学位英语词汇及常⽤语法集锦词汇和语法结构题型中常考词汇:1 虚拟语⽓宾语从句:order,demand,require,request,direct,command,urge,rule,suggest,advise,vote,propose move,recommend,prefer,decide,insist,desire,decree主语从句:vital,important,essential,imperative,obligatory,necessary,unnecessary,impossible,sad,strange,natural,advisable,fitting,proper,appropriate,desirable2 不定式1) 通常只接动词不定式作宾语的常考动词:agree,attempt,claim,decide demand,ask,hesitate,beg,fail,care,consent,promise,desire,hope,intend,learn,offer,plan,refuse,prepare,pretend,strive,require,appear,arrange,expect,manage,tend,afford,wish,want,seem,struggle,swear,threaten,wait,undertake,venture,seek ,resolve,aim,determine,endeavor,apply,claim,pledge,pretend,profess,refuse,volunteer,vow,happen,guarantee,neglect,proceed,prove,condescend,consent,trouble,bother(negative),care(negative),choose,fail etc2) ⽤于动词+宾语+不定式结构的常考动词:force,hire,tell,require,teach,warn,allow,ask,inform,beg,convince,expect,invite,order,permit,promise,instruct,prepare,urge,remind,want,advise,persuade,dare,forbid,like,challenge,request,get,need ,oblige,encourage,enable,compel,recommend,declare,prove,command,encourage,enable,lead,press,etc1) ⽤于be+形容词+不定式结构的常考形容词anxious,boring,dangerous,pleased,hard,eager,easy,fortunate,strange,good,ready,usual,prepared,surprised,common,useless,asked,lucky,difficult,likelysatisfied,careful,sure,glad,bored,certain,etc2) ⽤于名词+不定式结构的常考名词:failure,offer,plan,ability,decision,desire,chance,permission,occasion,fun,honor,capacity,wish,pleasure,opportunity,demand,way,refusal,responsibility,freedom,promise,etc.3) 后⾯跟省去“to”的不定式作宾补的常考动词:see watch,notice,observe,hear,listen to,feel ,get,make,have,let ,help,bid,know,look at ,smell,etc 2009年成⼈英语三级名词常考考点归纳⼀、区分可数名词和不可数名词例1:___great progress he has made!A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a此题应选C。
曹胖学位英语虚拟语气
曹胖学位英语虚拟语气
曹胖学位英语虚拟语气是指在英语语法中,用来表示假设、愿望、建议等语气的一种语法形式。
虚拟语气在学位英语中占有重要位置,常常用于各种正式的场合,如论文、报告、演讲等。
掌握虚拟语气对于提高英语口语和写作能力具有重要意义。
虚拟语气有三种情况:第一种是表示假设的虚拟语气,用来表达与现实相反或未发生的情况。
例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
)第二种是表示愿望的虚拟语气,用来表达希望或想象中的情况。
例如:I wish I could speak fluent English.(我希望我能够讲一口流利的英语。
)第三种是表示建议或命令的虚拟语气,用来表达非真实情况下的建议或命令。
例如:It is important that he take the exam seriously.(他认真参加考试是很重要的。
)
在运用虚拟语气时,需要注意的是动词的形式和语序。
对于表示假设的虚拟语气,谓语动词要用过去式,而对于表示愿望和建议的虚拟语气,谓语动词要用“should”加动词原形。
此外,在从句中,虚拟语气的谓语动词要用动词原形。
总之,掌握虚拟语气是学位英语的关键之一,需要通过大量的练习和运用,才能在英语口语和写作中自如地表达自己的意思。
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学位英语情态动词和虚拟语气练习及答案
情态动词和虚拟语气练习一1. Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed manA. would beB. would have beenC. must beD. must have been2. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. mustB. mustn'tC. have toD. don't have to”3. I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?A MustB CanC MayD Will4.I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t5. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. needn’tB. wouldn’tC. mustn’tD. couldn’t6. —I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m—I'm afraid not.A. WillB. MayC. MustD. Need7. Just be patient .You ______ expect the world to change so soon .A. can’tB. needn’tC. may notD. whether8. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.—Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may w_9. May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you . You read it in here.A. mightn’tB. won’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t10. I’m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He’s busy.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’t D .needn’t11. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A.can B.will C.must D.may12. ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.--Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.A. mightB. mustC. wouldD. can13. “You ____ have a wrong number,”she said. “There’s no one of that name here.”A. needB. canC. mustD. would14. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. mustB. mustn'tC. shouldD. shouldn't15. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______A. was busyB. is busyC. had been busy.D. will be busy16. If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.A. followedB. should followC. had followedD. would follow17. John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told18. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused19. If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. takeB. had takenC. tookD. have taken20. --The weather has been very hot and dry.--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldn't dieB. didn't dieC. hadn't diedD. wouldn't have died21. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .A.would have been saved B.had been savedC.will be saved D.was saved练习一1. 答案:D.考点:本题考查情态动词推测用法。
英语虚拟语气知识点总结
英语虚拟语气知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念:虚拟语气,是指表示说话者所说的情况并非现实或已经发生,或在说话时还不确定是否实现的一种语态。
其特点是句子中的动词形式属于虚拟语气。
二、虚拟语气的表达:1. 条件虚拟语气:表示与现在或未来事实相反的虚拟情况。
(1)主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。
If I had known the truth, I would not have believed him.(如果我知道了真相,我就不会相信他了。
)(2)主句用过去式,从句用“had+过去分词”。
If he had worked harder, he would have passed the exam.(如果他更加努力学习的话,他就能够通过这个考试。
)2. 虚拟假设语气:表示想像中与现在或将来相反的事情。
(1)主句用过去时,从句用过去式。
If I knew his address, I would go there and see him now.(如果我知道他的地址的话,我现在就会去找他了。
)(2)主句用were,表示与过去的虚拟情况相反。
If I were you, I would study hard.(如果我是你的话,我会好好学习。
)3. 祝愿虚拟语气:表示转化为现实的愿望。
(1)主句用过去式,从句用过去完成式。
I wish I had known him earlier.(我希望我更早认识他。
)(2)主句用过去式,从句用would / could +动词原形。
I wish he could help me with my English.(我希望他能够帮助我学习英语。
)4. 建议虚拟语气:表示对假设的结果的建议。
If I were you, I would work harder.(如果我是你的话,我会更加努力工作。
)5. 明确表示否定的虚拟语气:If they didn’t arrive on time, they would miss the plane.(如果他们没按时到达,他们将会错过飞机。
虚拟语气英语语法知识点
虚拟语气英语语法知识点虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊的语态,用于表达虚构、假设、愿望、建议或批评等情态。
以下将介绍虚拟语气的形式、用法以及常见的虚拟语气形式等相关知识点。
一、虚拟语气的形式英语语法中虚拟语气有两种时态形式:过去时和过去完成时。
这两种时态的虚拟语气形式的形式不同,但它们都用于表达未实现的情况、假设和愿望等。
1. 过去时的虚拟语气在过去时的虚拟语气中,动词以“were”作为一般过去时态的第二人称单数和所有人称的形式,而不是“was”。
例如,“I wish I were there with you”中的“were”是虚拟语气的形式。
2. 过去完成时的虚拟语气在过去完成时的虚拟语气中,助动词“had”和过去分词构成了动词的虚拟语气形式。
例如,“If I had known earlier, I would have come to the meeting”中的“had known”是虚拟语气的形式。
二、虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气通常用于以下几种情形:1. 假设虚拟语气常在假设条件中使用,表达一种假设的情况。
例如,“If I were a millionaire, I would buy a house by the beach”中的“were”就表达了一个假设的情况。
2. 愿望虚拟语气还可以表达对于未实现的愿望。
例如,“I wish I had more time to study”中的“had”就表达了这样一种愿望。
3. 建议虚拟语气在建议中也很常见,通常表达一种可能或者有可能的情况。
例如,“If I were you, I would talk to your boss about the matter”中的“were”就表达了一种可能或者有可能的情况。
4. 批评虚拟语气也可以用于指责或者批评某人的做法或者行为。
例如,“You should have told me earlier so I could have attended the meeting”中的“should have told”就表达了一种批评的情况。
英语虚拟语气笔记整理
英语虚拟语气笔记整理虚拟语气,又叫做条件句,是英语中一种独特的句式,它可以反映出句子的说话者对说话内容的态度,表示句子没有实现,或表达的是假设的情况,它的特点是用过去时代替现在时,以表示说话内容是不可能,不确定,或与事实相反的情况。
虚拟语气在英语中有许多表达形式,这些形式涉及到语法形式和口语表达形式。
本文将对英语中虚拟语气的表达形式及其使用方法进行整理,以期更好地理解并掌握英语的虚拟语气。
一、英语虚拟语气的形式1、 should虚拟语气例句:I should go home now.这种句式也叫做对称句式,使用时主语可以用第一人称或第三人称,谓语动词用过去式表示虚拟,should此句式中表达“应该”,表示说话内容是虚拟的,不被发生。
2、 were虚拟语气例句:If I were you, I would study harder.这种句式又叫做倒装句式,其中 if连词,were过去式,表示说话内容是假设的,不是现实的,说话者所表达的意思是可能的,但不一定会发生。
3、带 had虚拟语气例句:I would be rich if I had won the lottery.这种句式又叫做固定搭配句式,其中 if连词,had过去分词,表示说话内容是不可能实现的,不是现实的,说话者所表达的意思是可能的,但事实上没有发生。
4、带 would虚拟语气例句:She said she would come here soon.这种句式又叫做虚拟句式,其中所用的would示“愿意”,表示说话内容不确定,说话者所表达的意思是可能的,但也有可能不会发生。
二、英语虚拟语气的使用1、虚拟句式中,表示一种假设情况,即要表示一种不确定的情况,那么需要使用虚拟语气,如:If I had a million dollars, I would travel around the world.2、虚拟句式中,表示一种愿望,即表达的是一种愿望或期望,那么需要使用虚拟语气,如:I wish I had more time to study.3、虚拟句式中,表示一种建议,即表达的是一种建议或建议,那么需要使用虚拟语气,如:You should go and see your doctor.4、在虚拟句式中,表示一种职责或义务,即表达的是一种职责或义务,那么需要使用虚拟语气,如:We should work hard and make contributions to the society.三、总结本文通过对英语虚拟语气的表达形式及其使用方法进行整理,总结出英语虚拟语气的形式有带 should虚拟语气、带 were虚拟语气、带 had虚拟语气和带 would虚拟语气四种形式,此外,在使用虚拟语气时,要根据句子内容来选择合适的表达形式,如需要表达一种假设情况、愿望、建议或职责,则需要使用虚拟语气。
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学位英语语法重点——虚拟语气虚拟语气(每次考试一般占4-5分)所表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小,称为虚拟条件句。
虚拟条件句,主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类:假设类型条件从句动词的时态结果主句的动词的时态与现在事实相反if + 过去式(be只用were不用was)would/should/might/could + 动词原型与过去事实相反if had + 去过分词would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词与将来事实可能相反if were to + 动词原形if should + 动词原形would/should/might/could + 动词原型一、在条件句中的应用:If he had time,he would come. 如果有时间,他一定来。
(已经过去)A. 现在事实I would certainly go if I had time. 如果我有时间当然去。
If he were here,he might help you. 如果他在这也许帮能你。
1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I _____ him. (C,95年)A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. knowB. 过去事实59、If Bob____ with us,he would have had a good time. (C,95年)A. would comeB. would have comeC. had comeD. cameC. 将来事实we would state at home if it should rain tomorrow.If I were to do the examination I would it some other way.注意:⑴条件从句中,如果含有be动词、助动词、情态动词,had,should或动词to have,可省略if,要倒装,即把这些词放到主语前面。
1. _____ you were busy,I wouldn't have bothered you with my questions. (B,96年)A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. Did I have realized thatD. As I realized57. Had the weather been good,the children _____ out for a walk. (2001)A. had goneB. could have goneC. would goD. went答:B.当虚拟语气中含有were,had,should,would等词时,可以省略if,把这些词放在主语之前。
Should I meet her,I would tell her.万一我见到他,我会告诉他的。
Were I in your position,I would do it better.如果我处在你的位置上,我会做的更好。
Had they made preparations,they would have succeeded.如果他们准备了的话,他们应该能成功的。
本句为和过去的事实相反的虚拟语气,因此选B.32. the advice of his friends,he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business.(D,0404)A. If he tookB. If he should takeC. Were he to takeD. Had he taken⑵条件从句有时可以用介词短语代替。
有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示,而用其它方式来表示,这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。
常用with,without,but for.We couldn‘t have achieved so much without your help.要不是你们帮忙我们不会取得这么大的成绩36. But for my classmates‘help,I the work in time. (D,0404)A. did not finishB. could not finishC. will not finishD. would not have finished32. Without heat and sunlight,plants on the earth well. (A,0411)A. would not growB. will not growC. had not grownD. would not be grown⑵条件从句有时可以用介词短语代替。
有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示,而用其它方式来表示,这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。
常用with,without,but for.We couldn‘t have achieved so much without your help.要不是你们帮忙我们不会取得这么大的成绩36. But for my classmates‘help,I the work in time. (D,0404)A. did not finishB. could not finishC. will not finishD. would not have finished32. Without heat and sunlight,plants on the earth well. (A,0411)A. would not growB. will not growC. had not grownD. would not be grown二、以wish(that)引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句,虚拟语气中时态类似在非真实条件从句中时态的应用—时态后移,引导从句的that可以省略⑴表示现在或将来的愿望相反的用过去时:主语+wish +从句(过去时)wereI wish (that)I were as young as you. 我真希望和你们一样年青I wish (that)I knew his address. 我真希望知道他的地址与将来的愿望相反即愿望难以实现(用过去将来时),I wish I could be of more use in the future.我希望我将来有点用处。
⑵表示与过去没有实现的愿望用过去完成时:主语+wish +从句(主语+过去完成时)I wished he hadn‘t made the big mistake.他要是不犯那个大错误,该有多好!32. Peter wishes that he ___ law instead of literature when he was in college.(C,2000)A. could studyB. studiedC. had studiedD. would study53. I didn‘t go to the party,but I do wish I _____ there. (C,2001)A. wereB. would beC. had beenD. will be三、以suggest,propose,order,command,demand,require,request,insist,desire,advise,ask等词后引导的宾语从句,从句结构为should+动词原形,should可省略They requested that the students (should)learn the second language.他们要求学生要学第二外语。
1、The doctor advised that Mr. Malan ____ an operation right away so as to save his life.A. hadB. would haveC. haveD. was going to have (C,98年)58、His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out. (A,99年)A. put onB. puts onC. to putD. putting on答案:D.应改为have. suggest,insist,order,demand,request,command,require 等动词引导宾语从句时,要用虚拟语气,谓语动词要should (可以省略)+原形动词。
(2002)51. We strongly suggest that Smith is told about his physical condition as soon as possible.答案:C,改为be told,(2003/11)42. The doctor advised her that she enough rest before going back to work.A. to getB. getC. getsD. got (B,0401)四、在某些主语从句中的虚拟语气⑴It is …that引导的主语从句中,从句的谓语动词要用should+原形动词,should可以省略。
suggest,propose,order,require,desire,ask⑵It is + 形容词+that引导的主语从句中,从句的谓语动词要用should+原形动词,should可以省略。
important,necessary,vital,desirable,preferable,advisable,urgent,esseneial,requested,orderedIt is strange that he(should)go himself.真奇怪,他怎么自己独自去呢?29、It‘s desired that she _____ to teach us at least twice a week. (C,97年)A. comesB. will comeC. comeD. may come43 、It is desirable that he _____. (B,2000)A.gives up tryingB.give up tryingC.would give up tryingD.is going to give up trying45、It‘s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made. (C,2003)A. will be arrangedB. must be arrangedC. be arrangedD. would be arranged24. It‘s vital that enough money collected to get the project started.A. isB. beC. must beD. can be (B,0411)五、在某些表语从句和同位语从句中的应用,形式:should + 动词原形,should可省略。