初中英语时态一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时过去进行时

一般现在时1. 一般现在时的基本用法：1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率副词的时间状语连用。

时间状语：every morning(afternoon, Sunday), sometimes, on Sunday, often, usually 等.例如：I wake up at six O’clock every morning.My friends often go to the park on Sundays.2) 用于表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

例如：The earth moves around the sun.Tomorrow is Tuesday.3) 用于格言或警句中。

例如：Where there is a will, there is a way.4) 用于表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

例如：I don't want so much.She is a good girl and always help others.My watch is very new。

2. 一般现在时的构成：当主语是第一人称，第二人称或第三人称复数时，谓语动词要用动词原形。

当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即动词词尾要加s或es. 例. We have four classes in the morning every day.They work in a big office.She likes singing very much.附注：动词的第三人称单数变化形式分为规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。

1. 规则变化：（1）直接在动词词尾加-s.ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.fix---fixes do---does go---goes pass---passeswatch---watches wash____washes（3）以“辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try---tries study---studies cry---cries2．不规则变化：be---- is have----has3. 一般现在时的句子转换：变否定句、一般疑问句（1）一般疑问句：当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词提到主语的前面变成疑问句;否定句：在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：She is a student. I can swim.→Is she a student? →Can you swim?→She is not a student. →I can not swim.（2）一般疑问句：当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do, does变成问句；否定句：在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t, doesn’t变成否定句，助动词后的谓语动词要变成动词原形。

例：We get up at 7:00 every morning.→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning.She has a little brother.→Does she have a little brother?→She doesn’t have a little brother.百看不如一练一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

sit swim read make run write type go watch clean cry wash jump come study二、用do、does填空1、_____ you ride a bike after school? Yes, I ________.2、______ your sister like football? No, she ______ not.3、What_______ the students have? They have some pens.4、How______ Linda go to school? She goes to school on foot.5、He ______ not speak English. He speaks Chinese.6、______ they watch TV on Sundays? Yes, they ______ .7、My father and mother ______ not read newspapers on Saturday.三、改句子1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)2. I have many books. （改为否定句）3. Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）6. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）7. We have four lessons.（否定句）8. Nancy doesn’t run fast （肯定句）9. My dog runs fast.否定句：一般疑问句：10. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：否定句：11. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句:一般疑问句:12. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句:一般疑问句:13. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day否定句:般疑问句:14. Tom does his homework at home.否定句:一般疑问句:现在进行时一、现在进行式的基本结构。

1) 第一人称：主语+ am + 现在分词+ ……I am watching TV.2) 第三人称单数：主语+ is + 现在分词+ ……She is washing the dishes.3) 第二人称及复数人称：主语+ are + 现在分词+ ……They are playing games.二、进行时的基本用法：1) 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。

We are waiting for you.2) 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

Mr. Green is writing another novel.She is learning English under Mr. Smith.3) 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go等。

The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.4) 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

You are always changing your mind.三、现在进行时谓语动词的变化规则1) 一般情况下，在动词后加ing构成. 如：work_working sleep_sleepingwait_waiting study_studying2) 以不发音的e结尾的动词去掉e后再加ing. 如take_taking move_ moving write_writing.3) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且未尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写未尾的辅音字母于加ing.如。

sit_sitting plan____planning swim_swimming.4) 以字母ie结尾的动词，通常把ie改为y，再加ing.如。

die___dying Lie__lying四、没有进行时态的动词1) 表示感觉的感官动词没有进行时态。

see hear feel sound smell taste2) 表示存在状态的动词没有进行时态have(有) stay be own3) 表示人物的心理活动，态度情感等的描述性动词没有进行时态love like hate know think4)表示一次性动作的动词没有进行时态decide give百看不如一练一写出下列动词的现在分词stand_________ sleep_________ jump_________ walk_________ clean_________ wash_________ do____________ go__________ listen_________ read_________ play __________sing__________ have_________ write_________ come_________ dance_________ skate_________ make________ ride__________sit___________ run__________ swim_________二根据提示完成下列句子1.The students_______ (正在上英语课)2.Some girls________ (正在跳舞)3.I____________ (正在骑自行车)4.My mother__________( 正在做家务)5.Helen___________ (会做模型飞机)6.______you____ (正在看报纸吗)7.______she_______(正在打扫图书馆吗)8._______the boys________(正在打篮球吗)三、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen! Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look! They _______________( have) an English lesson .6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She ________(listen ) to music.9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now.10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) 3．I’m playing the football in the playground. (对划线部分进行提问)4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)一般过去时一．概述1.去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month, 具体时间) just now, at the age of , one day, long ago, once upona time(很久以前),3.动词变化规则：一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。