生物信息学课件(中国科学院)_1

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• 1.Law of identity: 'Whatever is, is.' • 2.Law of noncontradiction: 'Nothing can both be and not be.' • 3.Law of excluded middle: 'Everything must either be or not be.'
It is what you are doing for solving biological problems using a computer !!!
Bioinformatics in the Universe
biostatistics bioinformatics Computational biology
1. What is bioinformatics? 2. Basic knowledges 3. Mathematical problems in biological researches: From Mendel to nowadays!
Bioinformatics—what is it?
• What is a triangle? • What is human beings? Plato’s definition • What is bioinformatics? Biology—subject Computer--tool Mathematics—Model
Bioinformatics 生物信息学
韩春生 研究员 中国科学院动物研究所 2011冬季学期
自我介绍
• • 2000美国密苏里州立大学生物化学系博士 2000~2003美国休斯敦Lexicon制药公司高级生物信息学科学家

2004度中科院百人计划入学者,目前研究方向包括: 1、精子发生 2、干细胞自我更新与分化
• • • • • • Taxonomy Physiology Evolution Cell biology Genetics Molecular biology---DNA, RNA, Protein
How about computer?
yes PC, Server Internet Website FTP Telnet PC Unix/Linux C, Perl, PHP, JAVA, .NET Database
技术专长:分子生物学、干细胞、生物信息学

课程描述
课程编号:511012Y 课程属性:学科基础课 学时/学分:40/2 预修课程:分子生物学、遗传学、统计学、C语言 教学目的和要求: 生物信息学是利用数学模型和计算机程序对生物学研究中产生的数据进行分 析计算并得出结论和产生新的科学假说的一种科研手段。通过本课程的教授, 使得学生能够: • 懂得生物学中有哪些数学问题,数学模型和数学手段; • 利用数据库技术、计算机编程和网页工具来进行基本的生物信息学分析; • 掌握核酸和蛋白质序列分析的基本技能; • 懂得如何从芯片和其他高通量技术产生的数据来构建基因调控网络; • 本课程的开设要求学生有分子生物学、遗传学、统计学及C语言的基础知识 和技能,更重要的是要求学生要努力培养自己利用数学模型和逻辑思维来思 考和解决生物学问题。本课程为生物学各专业博士、硕士研究生的学科基础 课,同时也可作为数理、计算机等相关学科研究生的选修课。本课程的考核 方式为大作业和期末考试,比例为50%:50%。
Outlines
1. What is bioinformatics? 2. Basic knowledges 3. Mathematical problems in biological researches: From Mendel to nowadays!
Biological Story 1
教学大纲
第一章 生物信息学入门 (9学时) 1. 生物学中的数学问题(computational problems in biology)(3学时, 3月2日) 第二章 序列和结构 (15学时) 1. 序列比对(sequence alignment)(3学时,3月9日) 第一章 生物信息学入门 (9学时) 2. 数据库原理、PHP编程入门(3学时:3学时上机,3月16日) 3. R语言和Bioconductor软件包(3学时:3学时上机, 3月23日) 第二章 序列和结构 (15学时) 2. 进化树(phylogenetic trees)(1.5学时,3月30日) 3。模式发现(motif discovery)(1.5学时,3月30日) 4. RNA二级结构(RNA secondary structure)(3学时,4月6日,王秀杰) 5. 蛋白质结构分析(protein structure analysis)(6学时,4月13日,蒋太交) 第三章 从芯片数据到基因调控网络 (15) 3.1 生物芯片设计(microarray design)(1学时, 4月27日) 3.2 表达值计算(summation of expression value)(1学时, 4月27日) 3.3 归一化(normalization)(1学时, 4月27日) 3.4 差异基因的分析(differential gene expression)(3学时, 5月4日) 3.5 聚类分析(clustering)(3学时, 5月11日) 3.6 网络入门(introduction to networks)(3学时, 5月18日)) 3.7 贝叶斯网络等…(Basian networks and others…)(3学时, 5月25日)王秀杰)
biology
mathematics
physics
Natural sciences
Social sciences
sciences
arts
religions
Human civilization
Non-human world
Universe (宇宙=空间+时间)
What do you mean by biology?
Statistical inference
• Statistical inference is the process of making conclusions using data that is subject to random variation, for example, observational errors or sampling variation.
Reasoning, Logic, Argument
• Reasoning is the cognitive process of looking for reasons, beliefs, conclusions, actions or feelings. • Logic is the study of reasoning. • An argument is a set of one or more meaningful declarative sentences (or "propositions") known as the premises along with another meaningful declarative sentence (or "proposition") known as the conclusion. • One approach to the study of reasoning is to identify various forms of reasoning that may be used to support or justify conclusions. The main division between forms of reasoning that is made in philosophy is between deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. Formal logic has been described as "the science of deduction". The study of inductive reasoning is generally carried out within the field known as informal logic or critical thinking.
Deductive reasoning
• Premise 1: All humans are mortal. • Premise 2: Socrates is a human. • Conclusion: Socrates is mortal.
Inductive reasoning
• Premise: The sun has risen in the east every morning up until now. • Conclusion: The sun will also rise in the east tomorrow.
参考书
教材: 本课程以科研文献阅读为主,没有特定教材。 主要参考书: 1. 简明生物信息学 钟扬, 张亮,赵琼主编 高等教育出版社 2001 2. 常用生物数据分析软件 王俊,丛丽娟,郑洪坤著 科学出版社 2008 3. Bioinformatics: sequence and genome analysis David W. Mount New York : Cold Spring Harbor L来自百度文库boratory, 2004
Medel’s Laws
Medel’s Law of Segregation The "First Law"
•Binary phenotype •Dominance •Gametes •Statistics •Combination
Features of my lectures
Enlightening Interactive Interesting English 启发式 互动式 有趣的 (半)英语的
第一章 生物信息学入门
1. 生物学中的数学问题 (computational problems in biology)
Outlines
Definitions, notions, terminology
Sets
• • • • A set is a group of objects. Elements/members A={7, 21, 57} 7∈A,8
Objects, classes, interactions
Laws of Thought
no Quantum computer, DNA computer
TCP/IP
Electronic business P2P
Hacker
Apple Chinese version compiler
Spread sheet
And mathematics?
• Object(Subject): Mathematics is the study of quantity (arithmetic,算术), structure (algebra, 代数), space (geometry,几何), and change (calculus , 微积分). Pure mathmatics vs Applied mathematics
Goldbach Conjecture vs Statistics

• How does does mathematics work?
Definition, axiom, statement
Reasoning (proof)
theorem (truth, knowledge)
Outlines
1. What is bioinformatics? 2. Basic knowledges 3. Mathematical problems in biological researches: From Mendel to nowadays!
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