英语泛读第四单元
英语泛读教程4课文翻译
英语泛读教程4课文翻译1天才与工匠许多人羡慕作家们的精彩小说，但却很少有人知道作家们是如何辛勤笔耕才使一篇小说问世的。
以下的短文将讨论小说的酝酿过程，以及作家是如何将这小说雕琢成一件精致完美的艺术品。
存有一次，我在暮色中走进小树林边一棵鲜花花开的小桃树前。
我久久东站在那里凝视着，直至最后一道光线消逝。
我看不出那一棵原先的模样，看不到曾反射果核，能够崩碎你的牙齿的力量，也看不出那并使它与橡树和绿草二者区别的原则。
显现出来在我面前的，就是一种深沉而谜样的魅力。
当读者读到一部杰出的小说时，他也会这样如痴如狂，欲将小说字字句句刻骨铭心，不提出任何问题。
但即使就是个初学写作者也晓得，除那将小说带回世上的文字之外，除了更多的形成小说生命的因素，小说的生命并不始于文学创作，而始于内心深处的构想。
要创作出有独创性的作品，并不要求懂得创造的功能。
多少世纪以来的艺术、哲学及科学创造都出自人们的头脑，而创造者也许从未想到去关注创造的内在过程。
然而，在我看来，对创造工作一定程度的了解，至少会使我们通过知道两个事实，增长我们处理正在出现的故事的智慧。
首先，天赋不是掌控了技艺的艺术家独特的特性，而是人脑的创造性功能。
不仅所有对技艺的掌控都所含天赋，而且每个人都具备天赋，无论他的天赋发展就是何等不充份。
对技艺的掌控就是天赋的显现出来，就是经过培育的，发展了的和文化素质训练的天赋。
你的天赋在最为完整的层面上起至促进作用。
它的任务就是缔造。
它就是你的故事的创造者。
第二，将你的小说带进世界的文字是艺术家的工作，它就和一个泥瓦匠的工作一样，有意识、谨慎而实实在在。
天赋正如理解力、记忆力和想象力一样是我们的精神禀赋中的天然部分，而技艺却不是。
它必须通过实践才能学到，并要通过实践才能掌握。
如果要使在我们内心深处浮现的故事跃然纸上，光彩照人，那么，每个故事都须有感染力极强的优雅文笔。
只有健全的技艺才能使我们做到这一点。
一个故事就是如何筹划变成的呢？据传，我们从一生中的前二十年，或许前五年起至就已经开始文学创作。
泛读教程第三册第四单元
In-reading
The Butt Stops Here
smoke-free second-hand chain fatal strict high health-care innocent discriminative medical
system restrictions fatality victim smoker smoking environment disease personnel policy
Text 1 The Marlboro Man Has Found Greener Pastures
1. The cigarette-selling cowboy may be under siege back home in the United States from lawmakers and health advocates determined to put him out of business, but half a world away in Asia he is prospering, his all-American mug slapped up on billboards and flickering across television screens. And Marlboro cigarettes have never been more popular.
Reading Two
The Way to Save Millions of Lives is to Prevent Smoking
Legal Smoking Age
Bangladesh Mongolia Hong Kong India Macau Malaysia Singapore Taiwan South Korea Japan
英语泛读四word_pretest
英语泛读四word_pretestWord pretestUnit 11.What is your assessment of this state of affairs? 评定；估价A. evaluation 评价；评估；估价B. prediction 预报；语言C. position 位置2.He teaches a remedial class for first-graders. 治疗的；补救的；矫正的A. elementary 基本的；初级的B. advanced 高级的；先进的C. helping 辅助的3.We received a lift from his speech. 提升A. message 消息；启示B. encouragement 鼓励C. disappointment 失望；沮丧4.The ability to speak several languages was among his attainments. 造诣；成就A. merits 优点；功绩B. achievements 业绩；获得C. virtues 优点；美德5.He drove at a constant speed. 不变的；恒定的A. unchanging 不变的B. various 各种各样的C. great 伟大的；重大的；极好的6.We made plans for a visit, but subsequent difficulties with the car prevented it. 后来的A. unexpected 意外的，想不到的B. continuous 连续的，持续的C. later 后来的7.The prospective member of Parliament for our town will be introduced to the localparty tonight. 未来的；预期的A. ambitious 有目标的B. promising 有前途的C. expected 预期的；预料的8.I didn’t know anything about any of the books so my choice was quite arbitrary. 任意的A. based on factsB. based on reasonC. based on chance or personal opinionUnit 21.The camera panned from her face to a middle-aged man. 被摇动A. turned off 关掉B. fixed 固定C. was moved 移动2.The candle flickered in the breeze. 闪烁A. shined brightlyB. shined steadilyC. shined unsteadily3.The message extinguished her hopes of Richard’s return. 熄灭；灭绝A. raised 提高；举起B. destroyed 破坏C. questioned 怀疑；询问4.The explosion sent the aircraft plummeting towards the sea.垂直落下A. falling headlong 头向地B. shooting upward 向上C. flying quickly迅速地5.The gang tried to intimidate the merchant. 恐吓，威胁A. encourageB. frightenC. catch6.The author’s latest book eclipses all his previous ones. 遮暗；使黯然失色A. displays 显示B. casts a shadow upon 投阴影C. surpasses 超越；胜过，优于7.It is 250 years since the wolf became extinct in Britain. 灭绝A. still livingB. no longer in existenceC. not easily found8.The stern old faiths have all pulverized. 粉碎A. become strongerB. been shattered 打碎；削弱C. been crushed 压碎9.By some fluke the judges passed over the obvious choices and chose her. 侥幸A. successB. accidentC. breeze 微风；轻而易举的事10.The blizzard brought 60-mile-an-hour winds and 2 feet of snow. 暴风雪A. windB. earthquakeC. snowstorm11.The widow gave a plaintive wail at the grave side. 哀伤的；悲哀的A. sadB. hysteric 亢奋的C. lonelyUnit 31.Those who left for reasons other than a well-founded fear of persecution weredesignated for repatriation. 遣返A. punishment 惩罚B. imprisonment 监禁C. sending back to their own country2.We mustn’t let things fester. 溃烂A. remain the sameB. change for the betterC. become worse3.He sought asylum in Brazil. 庇护；收容所A. mental hospitalB. protection given to a person by his home countryC. protection given to a person by one country from arrest in another4.He has been an exile for fifteen years. 流放A. a person who has been living abroadB. a person who has been involved in political activitiesC. a person who has been forced to leave his home country for political reasons5.Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to new circumstances. 适应A. adapts himself toB. finds a lodging in 占阵地C. makes a close study of6.He gave her a gold brooch as a token of esteem. 作为标志A. an expressionB. a giftC. a badge 标记7.The main impediment to development is the country’s huge foreign debt. 妨碍；阻止A. aid 帮助B. block 障碍物C. way8.The country is now undergoing economic rehabilitation. 恢复A. reform 改革B. crisis 危机C. recovery 恢复，复原Unit 41.Galilee had been under siege for months. 包围A. imprisonment 监禁B. surrounding and attacking 包围攻击C. pressure 压迫2.Puffs of smoke were swirling up. 打旋A. moving back and forth来回地B. moving round and round不停旋转C. moving to and fro 来回地3.The university conferred an honorary degree on him. 授予A. createdB. gaveC. received4.We fought with tooth and nail to get our plans accepted.拼命，竭尽全力A. teeth and fists 牙齿、拳头B. great force or determination 力量、决心C. biting and hitting 咬、打5.How could they have justified all the violence unleashed on the prisoners? 释放，解放A. releasedB. usedC. controlled6.The assistant coveted the boss’s job. 垂涎；渴望；贪图A. desiredB. refusedC. did7.Both sides offered statistics to bolster their arguments. 支持；支撑A. weakenB. presentC. support8.He finally succumbed to the temptation to have another drink. 屈服于A. gave up 放弃；交出B. gave in 屈服；让步C. gave out 分发；公布9.Marx spoke of emancipation of mankind. 解放；释放A. struggleB. revolutionC. liberationUnit 51.Personally, I do not have any animosity against him. 憎恶，仇恨A. hatred 憎恨；怨恨B. hospitality 好客；殷勤C. sympathy 同情；慰问；赞同2.His voice is imbued with so much enthusiasm that we all get moved. 充满A. infected 传染B. embedded 嵌入C. filled 填满3.Modernization helps countries to transcend the political and economic boundaries. 胜过，超越A. abolish 废除；取消B. ignore 忽略；不理睬C. go beyond 超出；胜过4.This kind of plants is indigenous, and cannot be found in other areas. 本土的；土著的A. newB. localC. fragile 脆的；易碎的5.Neighboring countries usually form various kinds of blocs to strengthen their politicaland economic links. 集团A. blocks 街区B. alliances 联盟C. treaties 条约6.Only one country refuses to be a participant of the entity. 实体；存在；本质A. illusion 幻觉，错觉B. program 程序，计划C. being 存在；本质7.Good communicative skills are considered to be a prerequisite to get adapted to this job. 先决条件A. qualification 资格；条件B. precondition 前提；先决条件C. strength 长处8.The honor will give you further impetus to surmount whatever difficulty you mayencounter in your pursuit. 动力；促进；冲力A. force 力量；武力B. motivation 动机；动力C. speed 速度Unit 61.I don’t want to get married because I don’t want any commitments. 承诺，保证A. responsibilitiesB. houseworkC. worries2.Against all the odds he recovered from his illness. 困难；不利A. probability 可能性B. strangeness 陌生；冷淡C. expectations 期望；预期3.Anti-Semitism refers to hatred of ________. 反犹太主义A. Christians 基督徒B. Muslims 穆斯林C. Jews 犹太教4.Of the ten board members, only one dissented. 异议；不同意A. disagreedB. agreedC. refused5.Jack underwent three successive operations on the leg in two weeks. 连续的；依次的A. happening now and thenB. happening one after anotherC. successful6.“Honesty is the best policy”was his creed in all his business dealings. 信条，教义A. slogan 标语；呐喊声B. wayC. belief7.The passage across Belfast was very rough.走廊；通路A. corridor 走廊B. journey 旅行；行程C. excerpt 摘录，引用8.I admire their enterprise in trying to start up a new business. 企业；事业；进取心；事业心A. entertainment 娱乐；消遣B. company 公司；陪伴C. boldness 大胆；冒失9.We are fighting to retain some independence. 保持；雇；记住A. getB. keepC. winUnit 71.Crossing the country in wagons did not daunt the early pioneers. 使气馁，使畏缩；威吓A. encourageB. confuseC. frighten2.The mountain climbers were in imminent danger. 急迫的；迫切的A. immense 巨大的，广大的B. immediate 立即的；直接的C. future 将来的3.She speaks with a pronounced French accent. 显著的；断然的A. strongly markedB. thinly disguisedC. surprisingly strange4.No model can ever be a perfect analogue of nature itself. 类似物；类似的情况A. something that is different from another thingB. something that is similar to another thingC. something that is better than another thing5.The success of the operation attests the surgeon’s skill. 证明；证实；作证A. proves 证明B. denies 否认；拒绝C. assesses 评定；估价6.There are only three extant copies of the book. 现存的；显著的A. extinct 灭绝的；熄灭的B. precious 宝贵的；珍贵的C. existing 目前的7.The book is out of print and difficult to procure. 取得；获得A. keepB. sellC. obtain8.The spectre of neo fascism, as he put it, was stalking the streets of Sophia and other big cities.追踪，潜近A. moving silently throughB. blocking completelyC. marching noisily on9.The war caused great detriment to the nation’s economy. 损害；伤害；损害物A. damageB. improvementC. change10.The fog dissipated when the sun came out. 消散；浪费A. formed 成形B. disappeared 消失；失踪C. wasted 浪费Unit 81.They have been overcoming difficulties since the inception of the enterprise. 开端A. conception 概念；设想；开始B. formation 形成；构造C. birth 出生；起源2.The main plank in their election programme is the promise to cut taxes. 支架；条款A. planB. policyC. wooden board 木板3.An irrevocable decision was finally made by the committee.不可改变的；不能取消的A. unalterable 不能改变的B. inevitable 必然的C. changeable 可改变的4.The smuggled goods were confiscated by the customs authorities. 充公，没收A. collected 收集；聚集B. seized 逮住；咬住C. received 收到；接受5.They were guilty of barbarous atrocities. 暴行；残忍A. actionsB. cruelties 残酷；残忍C. instances 例子；实体6.I made what I thought was a perfect innocuous remark and he got most upset. 无害的；无伤大雅的A. casualB. harmlessC. hurting7.When the soldiers act in defiance of orders, they will be severely punished. 不顾，无视A. defence 防御；防卫B. disobedience 不服从；违反C. violation 违反；妨碍8.She couldn’t fathom why McCurry was causing such a scene. 看穿；了解A. measure 测量；估量B. understandC. believe9.He is under the delusion that he can beat his opponent. 迷惑，欺骗；错觉；幻想A. opinionB. false impression 错误的印象C. belief 信仰10.Chalk and cheese are disparate substances. 不同的；不相干的A. similarB. differentC. relevant 有关的Unit 91.Her nervous behavior testifies to her guilt. 证明；说明A. denies 否认；拒绝B. shows 解释；出示C. contradicts 反驳；否认2.He rectified the earlier judgment. 调整；矫正A. changedB. modified 修改；缓和C. corrected 纠正；改正3.Don’t compound your mistake by lying to the police. 合成；搀合；和解A. exacerbate 使加剧；激怒B. simplify 简化；使简易C. repeat 重复4.Their attempt to recapture Calais was foiled by a traitor. 阻止A. discovered 发现B. thwarted 挫败；反对C. helped5.The only alternative to being taken prisoner was to die fighting. 供选择的A. decision 决定B. option 选项C. action 行动；活动6.The government has taken action to restrain inflation. 抑制，控制；约束；制止A. stop 停止；中止B. solve 解决；解答C. control 控制7.He sits on the consultative committee. 委员会A. budget 预算B. public relations 公共关系C. advisory 报告；公告8.They are making efforts to improve the bilateral relations. 双重的A. affecting one partyB. affecting two partiesC. affecting three parties。
英语泛读教程第二册(第三版)Unit4 Migratory Birds and Coffee
这些鸟在纬度较高的温带地区繁殖，冬天的时候则在 纬度较低的热带地区过冬。夏末秋初的时候这些鸟类 由繁殖地往南迁移到渡冬地，而在春天的时候由渡冬 地北返回到繁殖地。这些随着季节变化而南北迁移的 鸟 类 称 之 为 「 候 鸟 」 (migrant) 。
• Do you like drinking coffee? • There are two kinds of coffee plantations: • Shade coffee plantation VS. sun coffee plantation
diversity生物多样性
(Arch.) (Obs.): an upper story 上层；上层的 understory 下层；下层的
30.orchid蓝科植物 31.amphibian两栖动物 32.refuge避难所 33.rival相比，竞争 34.in
22.indigenous本土的，国产的
52.temperate温带的，温和的 53.intensive
anochlorine
有机氯；有机氯杀
虫剂
60.mart
management 集约化管
理
54.endangered濒临灭绝的 55.ponder:think思考 56.revert
(AmE): a market or shopping centre 市场；购物中心 on empty 接近没有；差不多 没有；快光了；快用完了 新热带的 （指中南美 洲的）
•
可以将传统的咖啡种植园 看成经过改造的森林栖息 地。 传统的咖啡种植园可以看 成改进的森林栖息地。
•
20
(ll. 48-50) Evidence suggests that up-mountain and northward movements are timed to take advantage of the blossoming of plantation trees.
Module4泛读
Module 4 Great Scientists(Extensive Reading)编号：15 编写人：安强审核人：审批人：班组：姓名：组评：师评：Learning Aims：1. Read and learn some new words in the passage.2. Get to know the main idea and some detailed information about Yuan Longping by reading the passage on P32 in the textbook.Basic KnowledgeTask 1 There are many great scientists in the world, such as Marie Curie, Albert Einstein and Stephen William Hawking. Do you know any Chinese scientists? Who are they? What are their achievements?____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Task 2 Background Information袁隆平，这位“杂交水稻之父”，在1973年率领科研团队开启了的杂交水稻王国的大门，在数年的时间内就解决了十多亿人的吃饭问题，有力回答了世界“谁来养活中国”的疑问。
正如美国著名农业经济学家帕尔伯格所言：袁隆平把西方国家远远甩到了后面，为中国争取到了宝贵的时间，并将引导中国和世界过上不再饥饿的美好生活。
目前，中国杂交水稻已在世界上30多个国家和地区进行研究和推广，并被冠以“东方魔稻”、“巨人稻”、“瀑布稻”等美称，甚至将之与中国古代四大发明相媲美。
大学英语泛读第二册unit4
Words and phrases
vacant: of a seat, hotel room, house, etc. empty; not being used 空着的；未被占用的 blind: covering for a window, especially one made of a roll of fabric that is fixed at the top of the window and can be pulled up and down 窗帘；（尤指）卷帘 rap: a quick sharp hit or knቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱck 扣击；快速的敲击 reedy: of a voice or sound high and not very pleasant 尖 利刺耳的 fierce: especially of people or animals 尤指人或动物 angry and aggressive in a way that is frightening 凶猛的； 凶狠的；凶残的 frail: especially of an old person physically weak and thin 瘦弱的
信箱入信口beingunablesleep失眠lianarrowpassagebehindbetweenbuildings建筑群中间或后面的小街小巷胡同particulardirection朝某方向行进wordsabreast
The Lady on Pemberton Street
Albert DiBartolomeo is the author of the novels The Vespers Tapes and Fool's Gold. He received his M. A. in Creative Writing from Temple University. He has written a number of short stories published in literary journals and is a frequent contributor to the Commentary Page of the Philadelphia Inquirer.
(完整word版)英语泛读4
英语泛读4Unit 11.canyon=valley（峡谷）plateau（高原）cliff（悬崖）oasis（绿洲）2.embark on=start （着手去做）quest for=search for3.intriguing=interesting （有趣的）表示阴谋的词：plot scheme conspiracy fire extinguisher（灭火器）4.discriminative=discriminatory（区别的；有识别能力的）contaminant=pollutant（污染物）NASA（National Aeronautics and Space Administration）美国国家航空和宇宙航行局基督教Christianity 基督教徒Christians伊斯兰教Islam 穆斯林Muslims印度教Hinduism 印度教徒Hindus5.Pilgrim：Mayflower五月花号船1621年4月15日(旧历1621年4月5日)五月花号离开了美国臭氧层空洞ozone depletion 半岛peninsula中国南极科考站 1、长城站2、中山站3、昆仑站4、泰山站Text 1 Science in the Sahara：Man of the DessertⅠ：①面积：9,000,000 square kilometers3,500,000 square miles②Sahara：cover 10% of African continent；the number one largest hot dessert in the world；the largest dessert is Antarcticathe precipitation（降雨量）in dessert less than 10 inches③locationⅡ：landscapesand due（沙丘）25% stone plateau mountains range（山脉）cactus 仙人掌sand sea（沙海）seasonal 季节性的Nile River（尼罗河）The important points of Unit 1regarding its content and background information:1.The breakthrough events in the South Pole exploration, in particular, the first and second arrival at the South Pole including names of the explorers, their nationalities, time of arrival and the first South Pole research station.Amundsen：Norway（in Scandinavian Peninsula）斯堪的纳维亚半岛set out in October，1911。
泛读教程unit 4 work
Accumulated---gather together or acquire an increasing number or
quantity of聚集；积累
Word pretest
3.Many philosophers spend much of their time in contemplation. A. debating--- debate:argue about (a subject), especially in a formal manner争论，讨论 B. thinking C. writing
Word pretest 7.The tired old man craved for water and sleep. A.desired B. asked C. begged---beg: verb. ask someone earnestly or humbly for something恳求某人给予… Crave---verb. feel a powerful desire for (something)渴望； 热望
Word pretest 6.He has been exerting pressure on me to change my mind. A.putting B. adding C. lifting --v. raise to a higher position or level抬起，举起 Exert---verb. apply or bring to bear (a force, influence, or quality)运用（力）；施加（影响）；发挥（品质） E.g. the moon exerts a force on the Earth 月球对地球施加作用力 exerting influence over the next generation 对下一代施加影响
英语泛读教程4unit-2-Three-Days-to-See课文和译文
Three Days to Seeby Helen KellerHelen Keller, blind and deaf from infancy, became a successful lecturer, author and educator with the help of her teacher. In the following essay, she discussed how people should value their ability to see.All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets? Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and yea rs to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry;” but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.In stories, the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values. It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed. “Nothing in particular,” she replied. I might havebeen incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool water of a brook rush through my open fingers. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips. At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. The panorama of colour and action which fills the world is taken for granted. It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.If I were the president of a university I should establish a compulsory course in “How to Use Your Eyes”. The professor would try to show his pupils how they could add joy to their lives by really seeing what passes unnoticed before them. He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties.Suppose you set your mind to work on the problem of how you would use your own eyes if you had only three more days to see. If with the oncoming darkness of the third night you knew that the sun would never rise for you again, how would you spend those three precious intervening days? What would you most want to let your gaze rest upon?I, naturally, should want most to see the things which have become dear to me through my years of darkness. You, too, would want to let your eyes rest long on the things that have become dear to you so that you could take the memory of them with you into the night that loomed before you.I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my life worth living. First I should like to gaze long upon the face of my dear teacher, Mrs. Anne Sullivan Macy, who came to me when I was a child and opened the outer world to me. I should want not merely to see the outline of her face, so that I could cherish it in my memory, but to study that face and find in it the living evidence of the sympathetic tenderness and patience with which she accomplished the difficult tasks of my education. I should like to see in her eyes that strength of character which has enabled her to stand firm in the face of difficulties, and that compassion for all humanity which she has revealed to me so often.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that “window of the soul”, the eye. I can only “see” through my finger tips the outline of a face. I can detect laughter, sorrow, and many other obvious emotions. I know my friends from the feel of their faces. But I cannot really picture their personalities by touch. I know their personalities, of course, through other means, through the thoughts they express to me, through whatever of their actions are revealed to me. But I am denied that deeper understanding of them which I am sure would come through sight of them through watching their reactions to various expressed thoughts and circumstances, through noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and countenance.Friends who are near to me I know well, because through the months and years they reveal themselves to me in all their phases; but of causal friends I have only an incomplete impression, an impression gained from a handclasp, from spoken words which I take from their lips with my finger tips, or which they tap into the palm of my hand.How much easier, how much more satisfying it is for you who can see to grasp quickly the essential qualities of another person by watching the subtleties of expression, the quiver of a muscle, the flutter of a hand. But does it ever occur to you to use your sight to see into the inner nature of a friend or acquaintance? Do not most of you seeing people grasp casually the outward features of a face and let it go at that?For instance, can you describe accurately the faces of five good friends? Some of you can, but many cannot. As an experiment, I have questioned husbands of long standing about the color of their wives' eyes, and often they express embarrassed confusion and admit that they do not know. And, incidentally, it is a chronic complaint of wives that their husbands do not notice new dresses, new hats, and changes in household arrangements. The eyes of seeing persons soon become accustomed to the routine of their surroundings, and they actually see only the startling and spectacular. But even in viewing the most spectacular sights the eyes are lazy. Court records reveal every day how inaccurately “eyewitnesses” see. A given event will be “seen” in several different ways by as many witnesses. Some see more than others, but few see everything that is within the range of their vision.Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for just three days!(1634 words)译文假如我有三天光明海伦·凯勒海伦·凯勒自幼就又盲又聋，在老师的帮助下成为一名成功的讲师、作家及教育家。
英语泛读第四单元翻译
在哪里已经所有的鸟了吗？热带生态学家，约翰特博写道
“一些农业做法兼容维持较高的人口移民。他认为，“咖啡和可可做好移民居”尽管一些森林专家物种，特别是居民，可能丢失。
这种形式的土地利用本身可能是道路上成为一个濒危物种。思考这个超过你的下一杯咖啡：你愿意付出更多的咖啡，如果你知道额外的资金将用于推广服务和负担得起的信用咖啡农民生存和种植咖啡更bird-friendly方式？
在古老的方式，咖啡灌木种植在森林林冠。咖啡也普遍使用土著农林技术，最初开发用于种植可可豆。这涉及到种植混合固氮树木与其他有用的物种提供阴凉。多达40种树木中可以找到一些传统管理的种植园，其中许多是管理家庭或商业等商品木材或水果。
绿荫树的保护下咖啡植物从太阳和雨水，有助于维持土壤质量，减少需要除草，并帮助控制害虫。有机质的遮荫树还提供了一个自然的覆盖，从而减少对化学肥料的需求，减少水土流失，有助于重要的养分，并防止金属的毒性。
树荫咖啡提出了一个巨大的机会，保护和经济利益，在这种相对温和形式的农业一直是并将继续是非常重要的经济引擎的拉丁美洲和加勒比地区。
虽然咖啡起源于旧世界，超过2 /3的目前世界生产出口是来自拉丁语在美国和加勒比海。它主要是由家庭小农场上长大。咖啡是第三个最常见的进口在美国，在石油和钢铁，分别。美国的消费约1 /3的世界咖啡。
而technified咖啡可能意味着生产者的利益方面的总产量output-a情况可能不是这样，长期以来，已证明在一些地区阳光咖啡正在grown-the农业综合企业不断地产生更多的咖啡每单位面积可能产生严重的环境和社会影响。
泛读Unit 4
4. Reading Activities:
Self-reading and doing exercises
Language Points
Languages Points in Text I 1. Eradicate: vt. 1. kill in large numbers 2. destroy completely, as if down to the roots 根除, 扑灭, 消灭, 使...断根 (synonym) eliminate, extinguish, wipe out, uproot, extirpate, exterminate, get rid of, remove Examples: eradicate crime / poverty / disease / weeds / privilege 根除罪恶 / 消除贫困 / 消除疾病 / 消灭杂草 /克服特权 eliminate the false and retain the true 去伪存真 extinguish a fire 灭火 wipe out illiteracy / unpleasant memory 扫盲/磨掉不愉快的回忆 uproot colonialism 根除殖民主义 extirpate evils 根除弊端 extirpate superstition 破除迷信 exterminate mosquitoes and flies 消灭蚊蝇
Formal name: Canis latrans n. a small wolf native to western North America
Reading for Background Information
The coyote is clever, sly and smart. The average life expectancy of the coyote is 10 years. It makes 65 kilometers an hour with the tail bending downward. It is good at jumping and swimming, but poor at climbing. It sends the message through growls and smells. The coyote belongs to omnivorous animals and mainly lives on relatively small gnawing animals, such as mice, moles, rabbits, insects, snakes. It doesn’t object carrion and even eats fruit for dessert. But occasionally, the coyote preys upon domestic animals and hunted animals, which leads to cruel and horrible hunting by human beings.
大学英语泛读教程 unit 4
7.act out: 表示；表现；表达 Children often act out their troubled feelings in their games 儿童常常在他们的游戏中来表达他们烦恼的情感。 8. confined: adj. 被限制于 After her operation, she was confined to bed for a week . As punishment, the men were confined to barracks. 士兵受罚, 不准离开营房。 9. come off:离开 A button has come off my coat. 我的大衣掉了一颗扣子。
Text II
• How college is different from High School
1. deviant: adj. 不正常的 ; l离经叛道 deviant behavior 偏常行为 2.cut out: plan; arrange; assign This is the task cut out for the next week.
Language points
1.baseball diamond: 棒球场 tennis court; golf course
2. conscientious coaches: 尽职尽责的教练
3.gloves come off: get ready for （做好准备，擦拳摩掌）
4.progression:晋级 5.a shot: 本垒打 所谓本垒打就是击球员将对方来球击出后（通常击出外野护 栏），击球员依次跑过一、二、三垒并安全回到本垒的进攻方 法。 6.recruit:招聘 ;新手 It's difficult to recruit teachers of quality. This job presents many difficulties to the new recruit.
泛读教程4答案4~8单元
Book 4Unit 4 CigarettesSection AWord Pretest1.B2.B3.B4.B5.A6.A7.C8.B9.CReading Comprehension1.C2.B3.C4.B5.C6.B7.C8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. held his tongue2.see eye to eye3. mind his own business4. rocked the boat5. buried the hatchet6. flowed with the tide7. button her lips 8. let sleeping dogs lifeGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. retaliatory2. rudimental3. presumptuous4. perplexed5. averted6. conjecture7. satirist8. boisterously9. abundance 10. improvised 11. various 12. intention 13. proposed 14. original 15. created 16. advocating 17. trendy 18. promising 19. consultation 20. graciousAnalogies1.B2.B3.D4.D5.B6.C7.D8.CClozeagainst increased in warnings Moreover smoking observance around bring consumptionSection B1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.C7.F8.T9.B 10.C 11.A 12.CSection C1.C2.B3.C4.B5.B6.C7.C8.CUnit 5 GlobalizationSection AWord Pretest1.A2.C3.C4.B5.B6.B7.B8.BReading Comprehension1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. left us high and dry2. faces up to3. passes the buck4. will shoulder the responsibility5. worm out of6. points his finger at General Vocabulary Exercise1.D2.B3.C4.C5.B6.A7.B8.A9.B 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.BAnalogies1.C2.C3.D4.C5.D6.D7.D8.AClozeEnglish information trouble risinggrave survival promotes proclaimed benefits exceptions accompanied stemsSection B1.C2.B3.C4.F5.T6.T7.A8.A9.C 10.A 11.T 12.F 13.T Section C1.F2.T3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.TUnit 6 ImmigrantsSection A1.A2.A3.C4.A5.B6.C7.B8.C9.BReading Comprehension1.C2.B3.B4.C5.B6.C7.D8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. find middle ground2. all or nothing3. meet people halfway4. sticks to her guns5. middle-of-the-road6. give-and-takeGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. frustrating2. exaggeration3. inspiring4. industrious5. conversed6. comfortably7. inappropriate8. Distinguished9. traditional 10. descriptively 11. tyrant 12. uncertainty 13. persecuted 14. pursues 15. hostile 16. flight 17. labor 18. chaos 19. exceptional 20. strengthenAnalogies1.B2.C3.C4.D5.C6.B7.B8.CClozesuffered freedom leave aboardjourney elected faced experiencewithout until including helpplant celebrateSection B1.A2.B3.A4.D5.C6.F7.F8.F9.C 10.C 11.B 12.CSection C1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.TUnit 7 EcologySection A1.C2.B3.A4.B5.A6.C7.C8.A9.A 10.BReading Comprehension1.B2.C3.C4.A5.A6.C7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. give up2. go through with3. hang in there4. stick with5. sweat…outGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.C2.C3.C4.A5.C6.C7.A8.C9.B 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.AAnalogies1.C2.B3.B4.D5.A6.C7.D8.CClozebranch made more onproblem less realize ecologynatural without strict resultsSection B1.B2.C3.B4.F5.T6.C7.A8.C9.A 10.B 11.BSection C1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.FUnit 8 HolocaustSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.B7.B8.B9.B 10.BReading Comprehension1.A2.B3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is on her own2. is a copycat3. lead her by the nose4. cut the apron strings5. is a yes-man6. has a mind of her own7. stand on his own two feetGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. aggravated2. resolve3. method/methodology4. admonishments/admonitions5. clinic6.congenial7. acute8. derision9. dramatic 10. implement 11. artistic 12. marked/ remarkable13. terrorized 14. mentality 15. diverted 16. monstrous17 perceptions 18. extremity 19. spontaneous 20. dictatedAnalogies1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C6.D7.D8.CClozewhich by attached inbut as regarded belegendary rooted moved knownSection B1.A2.B3.C4.A5.T6.F7.T8.B9.B 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.ASection C1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.F。
英语泛读教程 4 unit 5 Cigarettes
3
By British American Tobacco company
4
By American Lorillard Tobacco Company
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By American Tobacco Company
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By American JT International
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By R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company
Section 1 (paragraph 1-4) Asia is the future of the big cigarette makers. Section 2 (paragraph 5-11) why Asia is the savior of those multinational cigarette makers.
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Trigger: Handling Some people like the feeling of having something in their hands; they like the inhaling and exhaling and watching the smoke. Replace what you get from smoking: - Chew on a toothpick or sugarless gum - Suck on a lollypop - Carry silly putty - Eat carrots or celery - Carry a stress ball - Doodle with a pen - Chew on a straw
Rationalizations and Replies
Rationalization: “I’m worried about gaining weight.” Reply: The stress on your heart of smoking a pack a day is equal to being 90 lbs over weight. The average person can gain 4-10 lbs after quitting, which can easily be prevented or lost with a healthy diet and exercising.
英语泛读4答案课本
Unit 1爱学网（）1.The candidates who wish to __________ from the examination must notify the secretary immediately.A. resign 辞职；放弃B. remove 移动；开除C. suspend 延迟；悬浮D. withdraw 撤退；离开2. Gradually the balloon ____________ out and rose into the air.A. swelled 膨胀；增大B. expanded 扩大C. stretched 伸展；舒展D. enlarged 扩大，增大3. When you take medicine, be careful not to ___________ that amount printed on the bottle.A. exceed 超过；胜过B. substitute 代替C. surpass 超越；胜过；优于D. overcome 克服；胜过4.The current political ___________of our country is favorable for foreign investments.A. weather 天气；处境B. climate 气候；思潮C. temperature 温度D. state 规定；声明5. Our spokesman has ___________our position on this question.A. verified 查实；证实B. certified 证明；证实C. testified 证明；作证D. clarified 阐明；澄清6. A teacher should give attention to each ___________ student in his class. A. personal B. private C. own D. individual7.The population of Hong Kong is ___________ Chinese.A. popularly 普及地B. regularly 有规律地C. commonly 一般地D. predominantly 主要地；显著地8. Children feel that their parents do not give enough ___________ to the problems of young people.A. consent 同意；一致B. appeal 呼吁；吸引力C. affection 喜爱；影响D. recognition 识别；承认9. He wears a red hat to make himself ___________ so as to arrest the driver’s attention. A. conspicuous 显著的B. subconscious 潜意识的C. ambiguous10. Anything you say will be ___________ and maybe used in evidence.A. taken down 记下；拿下B. taken off 起飞；脱下C. taken atD. taken away 拿走；解除11. A helicopter is a very convenient means of transportation. It is able to ___________ and land vertically.A. take awayB. take offC. take up 拿起；开始从事；占据D. take down12. I cannot lend you any money because I still ___________ one hundred dollars on that car.A. charge 索价B. owe 欠应给予C. own 拥有；承认D. loan 借给13.The income from the estate probably ___________ about $8,000 a year.A. amounted to 相当于，总计为B. amounted 总计C. added to 加入；增加D. added up 合计14. She ___________ her homework immediately after breakfast.A. set aside 留出；撤销B. set off 出发；引起C. set back 推迟；使受挫折D. set about 着手；开始做15. I cannot ___________ myself that she has already left.A. remind 提醒；使想起B. convince 说服；使确信C. confirm 确认；证实D. convict 证明…有罪16. They talked about their business ___________ a cup of tea.A. withB. forC. atD. over17.The old man’s ruddy complexion gave an ___________of good health.A. idea 想法；概念B. fancy 幻想；想象力C. imagination 想象力D. illusion 幻觉，错觉18.The cold drink ___________ him after the long hours of hard work.A. reduced 减少B. refreshed 使清凉C. released 释放；发布D. recovered 恢复19. When he entered the room, he found that newspapers and magazines were ___________ all over the floor.A. separatedB. splashed 溅，泼C. spread 传播，散步D. scattered 分散；散播20.People usually judge a man by the___________ he keeps.A. company 公司；同伴B. companion 同伴；朋友C. companies 伙伴D. companionship 友谊；陪伴Unit 21.The illegality 违法of marijuana does not preventmany people from using it. (legal 合法的)2. He worked ambitiously 雄心勃勃地to perfect his technical and improvisational skills. (ambition 野心；抱负)3.Unfortunately, such discriminative 区别的，歧视的practices often go unnoticed. (discriminate 歧视；区别)4. Henry Ford was a persistent 固执的，坚持的individual who built one of America’s largest industries. (persist 坚持；持续)5. Because of this low resistance 阻力；反抗to cold, they can be seriously damaged when temperatures drop below freezing. (resistant 抵抗的；顽固的)6. Contamination 污染in the water and air can create serious health hazards. (contaminate 污染，弄脏)7. He was surprised to discover that his driver’s license was invalid 无效的it had expired the previous week. (valid 有效的，有根据的)8.The water around the islands is fantastically 空想地；难以置信地clear, giving underwater swimmers a great view of fish and rock formations. (fantasy 幻想；空想)9.The space program has strict requirements for its astronauts, specifically 特别地；明确地that they be in excellent physical and mental health. (specify 指定)10. Walt Disney’s movies and cartoons have amused 逗笑children and grown-ups since 1926. (amusement 消遣；娱乐)11.The disappearance is so sudden as to seem magical 魔术的；神奇的. (magic 魔法；戏法)12. His parents were kept ignorant 忽视of the fact that he failed in the examination. (ignorance 忽视；不知)13. You’ll have to learn to make difficult decisions if you are to survive 生存；存活in business. (survival 幸存)14. Lewis and Clark explored 开发；探寻the Northwest. (exploration 探测；探究)15.The gang tried to intimidate 恐吓；胁迫the merchant. (timid 胆小的；羞怯的)16.The package is light but it’s too bulky 庞大的；笨重的to carry. (bulk 大块；体积)17. Devout Muslims must make a pilgrimage 朝拜to Mecca. (pilgrim 朝圣者)18. I saw a galaxy 银河；星系of lights on a hillside, marking a village. (galactic 银河的)19. His brain operation caused a great transformation 转化；改革in his character. (transform 改变；转化)20.The Prime Minister’s policy alienated 疏远，离间many backbenchers. (alien 外国人)Unit 31. _____________ your instruction, I would never have known how to go about the work.A. If not for 要不是B. Unless 除非C. Except 除了D. But for 要不是；如果没有2. On hearing the bad news, she began _____________ so loudly that her heart seemed to have broken.A. weeping 哭泣B. sobbing 哭泣C. chuckling 暗自发笑叫喊D. crying 叫喊3. You must not be _____________ at feeling the difficulties.A. put out 熄灭；伸出B. put away 放好；抛弃C. put for 以…为目标前进D. put up 提供；举起4. Be quiet _____________ you should wake the baby.A. so thatB. in caseC. providing that 假如D. in order that5.People who talk and sing _____________ plants are not crazy, in fact, it makes them grow better, according to Arnold Braymar, a government agriculture expert.A. toB. withC. forD. against6. He was so _____________ on his work that he didn’t hear his wife come in.A. intent 专心的B. absorbed 全神贯注C. involved 参与；卷入D. devoted 献身于7. Miraculously, they _____________the bombing.A. survived 幸存B. existedC. conquered 战胜；征服D. overcame8. Adventurism and deceit _____________ their foreign policy in those days.A. took up 开始B. made up 编造C. consisted 组成D. in order that9. He eats much but _____________ lean. A. keeps B. remains C. holds D. gets10. On Sundays his landlady provided dinner _____________ breakfast.A. as wellB. as well asC. alsoD. together with 11. You were permitted into the hall for the film, _____________ you sat at the back. A. unless B. provided 假如C. though D. suppose12. I know her _____________, but I have never spoken to her.A. for sightB. in sight 看得见C. on sight 立即D. by sight13. I underwent an operation _____________ an early recovery.A. in hopes of希望能B. in the hopes of怀着的希望C. in hope of怀着的希望D. with the hope of14. I can’t help you. You _____________ this _____________ yourself.A. brought…forwardB. brought…onC. brought…aboutD. brought…up15. We watched the football match on _____________ television.A. liveB. livelyC. livinglyD. alive16. My mother _____________ to cigar smoking.A. reactsB. respondsC. objectsD. admits17. Travelers had better get their reservations well _____________ if they want to fly during the Christmas holidays.A. in advanceB. in handC. in placeD. in case18. She is so _____________ that no one can please her.A. particularB. specifiedC. especialD. typical19.The Red Cross _____________ food and clothing to the victims of the flood in time.A. gave offB. gave backC. gave upD. gave out20. I can’t _____________ that noise.A. sustain 维持；支撑B. survive 幸存C. restrain 抑制；结束D. tolerate 忍受Unit 41.The Indians burned the farm as a retaliatory 报复的gesture. (retaliation 报复；反击)2. Most people have a rudimental 基本的；初步的knowledge of some other language. (rudiment 雏形；基本原理)3. I wouldn’t be so presumptuous 专横的；冒昧的as to tell you what to do. (presumption 放肆，傲慢)4.The road map completely perplexed 困惑的；不知所措的the tourists. (perplexity 困惑；混乱)5. He averted 避免；转开his eyes from the terrible sight. (aversion 厌恶)6.The analyst’s conjecture 推测；猜想later proved to be very accurate. (conjectural 推测的)7. Alexander Pope was a great English satirist 讽刺作家. (satirical 讽刺的)8.The fans shouted boisterously 吵闹地；喧闹地when the team won the game. (boisterous 喧闹的；猛烈的)9. Most national parks have an abundance 大量的of wild life. (abound 富于；充满)10.The actors forgot their lines and improvised 即兴创作；临时做the scene. (improvisation 即兴创作；即席演奏)11.The state also has a wealth of various 各种各样的minerals. (vary 变化；使多样化)12. It is the intention 意图；目的of many foreign tourists to see all the national parks in the West. (intend 打算；想要)13.The proposed 提议的；推荐的plan would improve the quality of air in the foothills of the Rockies. (proposal 提议)14.The present size of these lakes is much smaller than their original 原始的size. (origin 起源；开端)15.The challenge of taming a wild horse and roping a cow created 创造；建立the basis of the rodeo. (creation 创造，创作)16.The committee is advocating 主张，提倡revision of the draft laws. (advocate 提倡；主张)17. He is conservative about clothing and shuns anything considered trendy 流行的，时髦的. (trend 趋势，倾向)18. It was a promising 有希望的，有前途的start in a new field. (promise 允诺；许诺)19.The doctor is in consultation 顾问，咨询with a patient. (consult 请教；商议)20. It is gracious 亲切的；雅致的of him to show us around his beautiful home. (grace 优雅；魅力)Unit 51. He is pleading with us to _____________ him.A. provide 提供B. persist 坚持；持续C. insist 坚持，强调D. assist 帮助；促进2. It can be very profitable to _____________the waste left by the factory.A. explore 探索；探险B. exploit 开发；开采C. expose 揭露；显示D. exhaust 排出；耗尽3. Internet technology will _____________ tremendous changes in all fields.A. bring around 使信服；使复原B. bring out 出版；说出C. bring about 引起D. bring up 提出；养育4.The_____________ structure of the book is outlined in the next paragraph.A. generous 大方的B. particular 特别的C. overall 全部的D. considerable 相当的5. At present, we cannot find any _____________ evidence to accuse him guilty.A. smooth 顺利的B. hard 确实的C. firm 坚定的D. indefinite 无限的；模糊的6. My plants always look brown. Maybe they are too _____________ to the sunshine.A. sensitive 敏感的B. sensational 轰动的C. sensible 明智的D. sentimental 感伤的7. Adolescence is a period of_____________ from child to adult.A. transmission 传递；传送B. transition 过渡；转变C. transaction 交易；办理D. transplantation 迁移8. Mr. Smith just accepted a speaking ____________ in another school. He will not be able to come to the party.A. engagement 约会；诺言B. interaction 互动C. affection 影响D. communication 交流9.The company will take half of the rest is at his _____________.A. dismissal 解雇B. disposal 处理；支配；安排C. useD. usage 使用；用法10. I was almost about to _____________ a match before I realized the danger.A. rub 摩擦；擦破B. strike 打击；敲打C. scrape 刮掉；擦伤D. hit 打击；碰撞11. In the Navajo household, grandparents and other relatives play _____________ roles in raising children.A. strongB. exemplary 典范的C. indispensable 不可缺少的；绝对必要的D. demanding 要求的12.The walnut is a deciduous tree that _____________ valuable nuts.A. enrichesB. yields 生产C. replacesD. hides13. Embroidery _____________ scenic views became popular in the United States toward the end of the eighteenth century.A. distorting 扭曲；变形B. commemorating 庆祝，纪念C. depicting 描绘，描述D. emphasizing 强调14.The Ford Foundation is one of the world’s wealthiest _____________ organizations.A. profligate 不检点的B. government 政府C. philanthropic 博爱的；仁慈的D. multinational 跨国的15. Ocean-going vessels have often used flags to indicate their _____________.A. nationality 国籍B. destination 目的地C. cargo 货物D. allowance 津贴；允许16. Every _____________of a symphony orchestra’s performance is the responsibility of the conductor.A. note 调子B. chord 和弦C. facet 方面D. movement 乐章17. Although many people had long regarded the“Star-Spangled Banner”as the national _____________, it was not officially designated as such until 1916.A. anthem 圣歌；赞美诗B. subject 主题；国民C. slogan 标语；呐喊声D. symbol 象征18.The temperature of the atmosphere becomes colder as _____________ increases.A. ventilation 通风设备B. pressure 气压C. elevation 海拔D. humidity 湿度19.The victory of the match _____________the cooperation of the players, instead of individual show-off. A. consists of包括B. persists in 坚持C. hinges on 取决于D. relates to 有关20. He remains _____________ about the results of the examination, and feels reluctant to accept it. A. confident B. skeptical 怀疑的C. surprised D. sensational 轰动的Unit 61. Taking the subway in Boston can be a frustrating 令人沮丧的experience. (frustrate 挫败；阻挠)2. It is no exaggeration 夸张to say that New Hampshire’s lakes and streams are filled with big fish. (exaggerate 夸大；夸张)3. Benjamin Franklin was an inspiring 鼓舞人心的scientist, inventor, writer, and statesman. (inspiration 灵感；鼓舞)4. An industrious 勤勉的student may receive a scholarship to one of New England’s prestigious universities. (industry 产业；勤勉)5. They conversed 交谈；谈话for a short time about the advantages of living in Los Angels. (conversational 对话的；健谈的)6. Lisa dressed comfortably 舒服地for the long drive from Boston to Bangor. (comforting 安慰的；令人欣慰的)7. Sandals, for example, are definitely inappropriate 不适当的；不相称的for the rough trails. (appropriately 适当地)8. Distinguished 著名的scientists come from all over the world to do research at the various institutes. (distinguish 区别)9. Thanksgiving is a traditional 传统的holiday in New England and in the rest of the United States. (traditionally 传统上)10.The brochure also descriptively 叙述地illustrated the different models in a diagram. (description 描述)11.The American colonies regarded George III as a tyrant 暴君. (tyranny 暴政；专横)12.The uncertainty 不确定of her answer made me suspicious. (certain 某一；某些；确实的)13.The Pilgrims came to America after being persecuted 烦扰for their religious beliefs. (persecution 迫害；烦扰)14. She pursues 追求the goal of perfection in her art. (pursuit 追求)15.The town was surrounded by hostile 敌对的troops. (hostility 敌意)16. There is no way to stop the flight 飞行；航班of time. (fly 飞行)17.The labor 劳动it would take to improvise a rope bridge across the chasm is enormous. (laborious 勤劳的；艰苦的)18. Everywhere was in chaos 混乱and disorder. (chaotic 混乱的)19. There have been an exceptional 例外的number of rainy days this year. (except 除了)20.The doctor prescribed something to strengthen 加强；强化her heart. (strength 力量；长处)Unit 71. Since your teacher has _____________the time for a talk with you, you must make sure that you will be there on time.A. predicted 预计B. madeC. specified 指定D. classified 分类2. If you have mosquito problem, remember that they reproduce in water. Be sure to _________ these spots in and around your home.A. occupyB. releaseC. eliminate 消除；排除D. investigate3. Hot metal _____________ as it grows colder.A. compresses 压缩B. reduces 减少C. contracts 收缩D. condenses 浓缩4. They _____________the project to the board for approval.A. submitted 递交；主张；屈服B. permitted 允许C. admitted 承认D. committed 承诺；委托5. He said he could not_____________ all the information given in the broadcast.A. adhere 坚持；依附B. admire 钦佩；称赞C. absorb 吸收D. accumulate 累积6. I don’t know if this is true, but I’ll try to _____________ it.A. identifyB. reinforce 加强C. verify 核实；查证D. conform 符合；遵循7. Going round to the bank was part of the_____________of her work.A. routine 日常工作B. revenue 税收C. remedy 补救；治疗D. relief 救济；减轻8. Since the couple couldn’t _____________ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A. resume 继续；恢复B. repel 击退；抵制C. reconcile 调节；使和解D. revise 修正；校订9. Jim badly _____________ his back when digging in the garden last night.A. exerted 外露B. strained 拉紧；扭伤C. pulled 拉D. stretched 伸展；拉伸10. Although the arguments were _____________, I was not convinced.A. apparent 显然的B. universal 普遍的C. exceptional 异常的，例外的D. rational 合理的11.The_____________ for tonight is rain changing to snow.A. broadcast 广播B. forecast 预报C. controlD. overcome 12. What material do you _____________ to complete the job?A. acquire 获得；取得B. require 需要C. request 请求；要求D. ask 要求；需要13. It is usually easier to follow rules of social behavior _____________ depend on one’s own taste.A. other thanB. thanC. more thanD. rather than14. We did only a(n) _____________ amount of business today.A. averageB. middleC. mediumD. moderate 有节制的；适度的15. Edison failed thousands of times _________ he succeeded in producing the first electric lamp.A. afterB. whenC. beforeD. as16. He could always _____________ a reason for them to linger another month.A. come with 伴随B. come up 走进；开始C. come up with 提出D. come up for 参加17. I spent the next two years investigating the very questions _____________ by him.A. posed 形成；主张B. heldC. putD. set18. These evening courses will _____________ an academic degree.A. result toB. result fromC. cause toD. lead to19. He did poorly in his exams, _____________ how hard he had studied for them.A. considering 考虑到B. to consider 考虑C. thinking 思考D. regarding 关于20. _____________ classic music, which follows formal European tradition, jazz is a spontaneous and free form.A. In contrast to 相反B. In connection with 有关于C. In comparison with 相比之下D. In regard to 关于Unit 81. New York’s hot weather is often aggravated 加重；恶化by its humidity. (aggravation 加剧；激怒)2.Many people resolve 决心to change their habits and never do. (resolution 解决；决心)3. Jonas Salk found a new method/methodology 方法of preventing polio. (methodical 有系统的；有方法的)4. Franklin’s writings contain many admonishments/admonitions 训诫；警告to the reader. (admonish 告诫；劝告)5.The injured child was taken to a clinic 诊所. (clinical 临床的；诊所的)6.The hosts at the party were especially congenial 意气相投的. (congeniality 同性质；意气相投)7. He had an acute 严重的；急性的attack of appendicitis. (acuteness 剧烈；敏锐)8. His scornful derision 嘲笑was very irritating. (deride 嘲笑)9. There was a dramatic 戏剧的confrontation between the two leaders. (drama 戏剧)10. A strong military establishment can be an implement 工具；手段of peace. (implementation 实现；履行)11. Picasso’s artistic 艺术的ability was apparent in his youth. (art 艺术)12.The patient showed a marked/remarkable 显著的improvement. (mark 标志)13. He has terrorized 使恐怖his employees with threats of instant dismissals. (terror 恐怖)14.The girl has the mentality 智力of a much older child. (mental 精神的)15.The money that might be spent on cities has been diverted 转向，转入into other projects. (diversion 转移；消遣)16. Two monstrous 巨大的sharks cross the bow of the boat. (monster 怪物)17. Isn’t it interesting how two people can have very different perceptions 认知；看法of the same person? (perceptive 感知的，知觉的)18. They fenced in the western extremity 极度of the ranch. (extreme 极端的)19. Her remarks were spontaneous 自发的；无意识的and obviously not planned. (spontaneity 自发性)20.The teacher dictated 口述a short poem to the class. (dictation 听写；口述)Unit 91. On Labour Day the workers will march in _____________ through the town.A. process 过程B. procedure 程序；步骤C. procession 队伍，行列D. progress 进步；前进2.The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were _____________.A. illiterate 文盲的B. illegible 难辨认的C. illegitimate 非法的D. inscrutable 神秘的；不可思议的3.The floods did not start to _____________ until two days after the rain had stopped.A. retire 退休；离开B. recede 后退；减弱C. retreat 撤退D. depart 离开；出发4. Poisons should be kept in a place that is _____________ to children.A. unavailable 不能利用的B. inapplicable 不适用的C. insurmountable 难以对付的D. inaccessible 难达到的5. He has read widely but seldom thought deeply so his apparent learning is really quite _____________.A. superior 优秀的B. superficial 表面的C. superfluous 多余的D. supercilious 傲慢的6. He went ahead with unpopular changes, _____________ to hostile criticism.A. opposed 相反的B. indifferent 漠不关心的；中立的C. sensible 意识到的D. unaware 无意的7. He came to inspect the house _____________ buying it.A. in the event of发生B. with a view to 着眼于；考虑到C. with reference to 关于D. on account of由于；因为8.The teacher was _____________ both in his marking of homework and in his treatment of offenders.A. lenient 仁慈的；宽大的B. merciful 慈悲的；宽容的C. forgiving 宽容的D. sympathetic 同情的9. Uniform acceleration occurs _____________the rate of change remains the same over successive equal intervals of time.A. accordingB. ifC. withD. under10. He was _____________of his sight by the accident.A. ensuredB. informedC. deprived 除去；缺少D. destroyed 11.The development of industry must not be _____________ at the expense of environmental pollution.A. engaged 保证；约定B. devoted 献身于C. registered 注册D. pursued 追踪，追击12. Thousands of spectators _____________ on the city for the horse race.A. converged 聚集B. assembles 集合C. crowdedD. accumulated 累积13.The news item about the fire was followed by a detailed report made _____________.A. on the spot 当场，立即B. on the site 现场C. on the locationD. on the ground14. A man has to make _____________ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.A. supplyB. assurance 保证；保险C. provision 规定；准备D. adjustment 调整15. We have a well developed marketing _____________.A. unity 联合；个体B. combination 组合C. network 网络D. connection 连接16. Do you have a(n) _____________ reason for being late?A. operative 有效的B. valid 有根据的；正当的C. valuable 有价值的D. efficient 有效率的17.The magician picked several persons ___________ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A. by accident 偶然；意外地B. at random 随机地；任意地C. on occasion 偶尔D. on average 平均18.The police are _____________the matter.A. looking through 浏览，温习B. looking into 调查C. looking over 检查D. looking after 照顾19.The doctor was asked to go back to the hospital because of_____________ case.A. an operation 手术B. an emergency 紧急情况C. a treatment 治疗D. an incident 事件20. Attendance at the meeting is _____________.A. compelling 强制的B. forced 强迫的C. obliged 必须的D. compulsory 义务的；被强制的。
最新泛读Unit4-migratory-birds-and-coffee
Questions:
Why do people begin to adopt sun coffee production? What are the consequences of adopting sun coffee plantation?
There are two kinds of coffee plantations: Shade coffee plantation VS. sun coffee plantation
III. Discussion
What are the two different ways of coffee cultivation mentioned in the text? What’s the relationship between migratory birds and the shade grown coffee? What are the advantages of shade coffee cultivation?
遮荫咖啡为自然保护和经济利益均提供了巨大 的机会，因为这样相对宜人的农业形式在拉丁 美洲和加勒比地区一直并且继续充当非常重要 的经济引擎。
7.In dollar value, coffee is second only to petroleum as the most important legal export commodity in the world 按美元价值计算，咖啡仅次于石油，是世 界上最重要的合法出口商品
3. The few studies that have been conducted have found that the diversity of migratory birds plummets when coffee is converted from shade to sun.
泛读英语四CLOZE文本
Unit 1The cloze procedure originated in the 1950s as a means of assessing the difficulty of a reading text for native speakers, but within three years its originator was suggesting that it could be used for assessing the progress of second and foreign language learners. The principle is that single words are taken out of a text at regular intervals, leaving gaps which students have to complete with appropriate “fillers,”one only for each gap. In order to do this the student has to refer to the text or either side of the gap so that he can judge what an appropriate filler might be, taking into account both meaning and structure.There are two types of gap: “function” gaps (such as conjunctions, preposition, articles) which have only one correct filler, and “semantic”gaps (such as nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs) that can be filled with any one of number of alternatives.The variation in acceptable filler leads to two main systems of marking: “exact”and “acceptable.” The first of these means that only the original word is counted as correct, and since there is only one right answer, the marking is objective and can be done quickly. In “acceptable”marking, decisions must be made about whether a student’s offering is good enough to be counted as correct or not. It has been shown, however, that the two systems of marking produce very similar result, in the sense that the students are sorted into roughly the same rank order.Unit 2At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. Most of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. A 1,000-mile stretch of the coastline has never been reached by any ship. Man has explored, on foot, less than one per cent of its area.Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with drifting ice and surrounded by the land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world – the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.The continental ice sheet is more than two miles deep in its center; thus the airover the Antarctic is much colder than it is over the Arctic regions. More than a million persons live within 2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia –a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry or settlement.Unit 3Of all UNHCR programs involving internally displaced persons (IDPs), former Yugoslavia has perhaps been the most problematic. When UNHCR was asked by the Secretary- General to take the lead humanitarian role in the region in late 1991, few imagined that the conflict would grow so big, that the victims would eventually number so many, and that within months the program would be costing UNHCR so much – nearly $1 million a day.From an agency long used to protecting and assisting refugees once they had reached the relative safety of an asylum country, UNHCR soon found itself in the middle of a war zone in the worst refugee crisis in Europe since World War II. UNHCR humanitarian staff suddenly found themselves caught in the crossfire while trying to help, not refuges, but millions of IDPs and other “war affected” people in communities like Sarajevo, Gorazde and Bihac. Twelve were killed in UNHCR operations, and dozens were wounded. By 1993, UNHCR found itself, for the first time in its 40-year-history, in the midst of a conflict that the international community appeared powerless to stop. There seemed to be no way out.Unit 4Information and education programs against smoking have been intensified in France. Tobacco taxes have also been increased regularly, and in 1991, France adopted a comprehensive tobacco control law. This law, which was phased in and came fully into force in 1993, bans tobacco advertising, fixes maximum tar yields, and requires strong health warnings on both the front and back of the package. Besides/Moreover the law also controls smoking in transport, public places and workplaces by either banning it altogether or limiting it to just a few smoking areas. A non-governmental organization, the National Committee Against Tobacco Use, hasbeen especially active in encouraging strict observance of the tobacco advertising ban. Early attempts to find ways around the law let the National Committee Against Tobacco Use to bring charges against the alleged violators. These resulted in a number of successful convictions, which, in turn, have led to near-total observance of France’s strict ban on direct and indirect tobacco advertising. By 1995, tobacco consumption had fallen by 7.3% since 1991 when the comprehensive tobacco control law was adopted.Unit 5Visit the website of the European central bank, click on the icon for its French-language pages and you will be politely advised that the bulk of the site is unfortunately in English, and you should perhaps try the Bank of France’s homepage for information in French.“The first instrument of a people’s genius,”wrote the author Stendhal, “is its language.” In which case, the French are in trouble. Already drowning at home in a rising tide of what stalwarts see as vulgar and inelegant English, their tongue is now in grave danger of disappearing from the international scene altogether. “What is at stake is the survival of our culture. It is a life or death matter,” Jacques Viot, head of the Alliance Francise, which promotes French abroad, warned last month. For a country that has long proclaimed its tongue the language of love, of global diplomancy and the rights of man, the threat is taken seriously. Few here complained when a francophobic US senator recently described French as “a near-forgotten”language; many realize that unless something is done, he could very soon be right.Within France, the language benefits from a veritable battery of protective laws, decrees and directives. Radio stations must play mostly music with French lyrics, and advertisements in English are, with few exceptions, outlawed unless accompanied by a translation.Most of the legislation stems from the 1994 “loi Toubon,”which briefly threatened jail for anyone using words like “le weekend” or “le parking.” Even today, companies are occasionally prosecuted – although not as often as organizations such as the Committee for the Defence of the French Language, one of a myriad of similarmilitant bodies, would like – for using anglicisms in ads and brochures.Unit 6Round the end of the sixteenth century, Puritans, whose goal was the purification of religion in England, frequently suffered persecution at the hands of the English government. In order to seek religious freedom, they decided to leave England.In early September 1620, 102 settlers (among whom 35 were Puritans) left for America aboard the Mayflower. After a two-month journey they came within sight of Cape Cod and decided to stay. They met aboard the ship and drafted the Mayflower Compact –a document that established the principles and rules by which their community would be governed. They also elected John Carver to serve as their first governor.After landing at Plymouth on December 21, 1920, however the Pilgrims faced terrible hardships. Few of them had any experience in colonization. Worse still, they had come to America without adequate food supplies, and they couldn’t start to plant crops until spring. By then more than half the Pilgrims, including Governor Carver, had died. It was with the help of the Indians that the survivors learned how to plant corn and where to fish. In October 1621, they were able to celebrate their first harvest with the Indians. The same year, the Pilgrims secured a charter for Plymouth Colony from the Council for New England.Unit 7It was during the 1960s that ecology, a small and relatively unimportant branch of biology, rose to the attention of the United States public. Science and medicine had made great advances in making human life easier, longer, and more comfortable. People became so reliant on technology that they were sure science could solve almost any problem. In the early 1960s, however, as populations became larger and open space less available, people started to realize that there was one problem technology didn’t have a quick-fix solution for – the mistreatment of the environment.The science of ecology studies the ways humans can live in harmony with their natural environment –ways humans can exist on this planet without destroying the very systems that sustain life. Nature abides by very strict laws and an extremelydelicate check and balance system. When those laws and system are upset, the resulted can be devastating. It is an ecologist’s job to see to it that the laws and system are not violated.Unit 8The word Hebrew, the original meaning of which is not clear, can be used to designate a specific Semitic language – namely, that utilized by a particular group of Ancient Near Eastern “people.”The linguistic name became attached also to the people among whom it was spoken. These “Hebrews” differed from their neighbors in their semi-nomadic character and their supporting themselves not through settled agriculture but rather as herders. Their identity as a distinct people with an even more distinctive religion is attributed in the book of Genesis to the calling of the patriarch (paternal ruler) Abraham. The god who thus called Abraham would from now on be regarded as the god of the Hebrews and from the time of Moses be known as Yahweh. Similarly, the Hebrews people would now no longer be defined simply by language or kinship, but by their allegiance to this, their god.At Yahweh’s instructions, Abraham moved from Mesopotamia into the land of Canaan, later known as Palestine. The story of Abraham and his descendants –the patriarchs of Israel is legendary in character, but maybe rooted in historical events taking place around the first quarter of the second millennium BC – that is, 2000-1750 BC.Unit 9The term “convention”is generally applied to a multilateral treaty of a law-making type. There are many conventions concluded since the Second World War within the framework of the United Nations Charter, such as the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963, convention on the law of the sea and others, Law-making treaties concluded under the guidance of one or other of the specialized agencies of the United Nations also normally take the form of conventions: examples are conventions for the suppression of unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation, and the series of anti-pollution conventions. Treaties which establish international unions of a technicalcharacter may also be designated as conventions –for example, the various conventions for the protection of intellectual property, the Universal Postal Convention, and the International Telecommunications Convention.However, “convention”is used to indicate not only multilateral treaties of a law-making type, but also bilateral treaties, such as consular conventions, double taxation conventions and others.Unit 10The one person most associated with the development of the Presbyterian Church is John Calvin (1509 - 1564). His major work, Institutes of the Christian Religion, is a systematic treatise of 16th-century protestant thought, the cornerstone of Presbyterian doctrine, and one of the most influential books in Western thought.Dutch, French, English, Scots, and Irish brought the Presbyterian faith to America. One man, Francis Makemie, holds the distinction of being called the Father of American Presbyterianism. This Scottish minister came to America in 1683 with a zeal for preaching and a genius for organization. He soon recruited other clergy in his tireless efforts to organize Presbyterians in the English colonies of America.The Presbyterian Church took root and grew in American soil, but not without difficulties. Presbyterians, along with Baptists and Methodists, divided at the question of slavery prior to the Civil War. The northern group, called the United Presbyterian Church in the USA, became the largest Presbyterian body in this country and in the world. The southern group was called the Presbyterian Church in the United States. In 1983 these two groups merged to form the Presbyterian Church (USA), the fourth largest Protestant denomination in the United States.。
英语泛读第四单元
7. We sat down and looked at the view, filled with amazement. (Line 138) Why were they filled with amazement?
7. We sat down and looked at the view, filled with amazement. (Line 138) Why were they filled with amazement? They were amazed by the view they saw: the area from the coastline to about halfway up the hillside was covered by the web that was so thick to see through; it must have been millions and millions of spiders to make so much of it.
II. Difficult points of the Text
1.
“Then the black men we saw today must have been different ones,” … (Line 28) Who were the black men Chloe saw?
II. Difficult points of the Text
Charles was worried there might be dangers other than attack from the spiders.
3. From the look on her face, it was obvious to everyone what she meant. (Line 67) What was the possible message conveyed by the look on her face?
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3. From the look on her face, it was obvious to everyone what she meant. (Line 67) What was the possible message conveyed by the look on her face?
7. We sat down and looked at the view, filled with amazement. (Line 138) Why were they filled with amazement?
7. We sat down and looked at the view, filled with amazement. (Line 138) Why were they filled with amazement? They were amazed by the view they saw: the area from the coastline to about halfway up the hillside was covered by the web that was so thick to see through; it must have been millions and millions of spiders to make so much of it.
spider bites:
Spiders are widely known, and feared by some, for their capability of biting human beings. While most spiders are believed to be harmless to people, some spiders have bites which are known to be medically significant, and which can produce noticeable symptoms in humans. For approximately 200 species in 20 genera, moderate o severe symptoms can result, including necrotic wounds, systemic toxicity, and in some cases, death. Four genera are positively known to have potentially lethal（致命的） bites.
“The others” refers to the project members who went up the mountain.
5. It must have been quick --- as it was with David … (Line 77) What does “it” refer to?
Charles was worried there might be dangers other than attack from the spiders.
3. From the look on her face, it was obvious to everyone what she meant. (Line 67) What was the possible message conveyed by the look on her face?
The look on her face implied that all of them were dead.
4. The others had no chance. (Line 76) What does “the others” refer to?
4. The others had no chance. (Line 76) What does “the others” refer to?
8. “That’s interesting,” said Camilla. “Did you notice that when the crab stopped, the spiders stopped too? They were confused when it stopped moving.” (Line 168) What was the significance of this discovery? This showed the spiders could only see moving objects. People could take advantage of this to escape the attack from spiders.
insect intelligence:
Scientific researches show that social insects, those who share resources and reproduce cooperatively, such as bees, ants, and wasps(黄 峰) are capable of certain intelligent behavior. Individually, one insect may not be capable of much; collectively, social insects are capable of achieving great things: building and defending a nest, foraging（搜查） for food, taking care of the brood (昆虫等)一次产出的卵), allocating labor, forming bridges, and much more.
5. It must have been quick --- as it was with David … (Line 77) What does “it” refer to?
“It" refers to death.
6. “Spider-watching,” she told me. “… Will you come up with me tomorrow?” (Line 115) What did Camilla want to do on another spiderwatching trip?
II. Difficult points of the Text
1.
“Then the black men we saw today must have been different ones,” … (Line 28) Who were the black men Chloe saw?
II. Difficult points of the Text
spider web:
Most spiders produce silken thread to build webs, and some spider silk strands are stronger than steel strands of the same thickness. The spider, after spinning its web, will then wait on, or near, the web for a prey animal to become trapped. The spider can sense the impact and struggle of a prey animal by vibrations(震动) transmitted along the web lines.
the totem:
One of the islanders had a spider design on his chest. It is the totem（图腾） of the islanders on Tanakuatua. Totem is an animal, a plant, or a natural object serving among certain tribal or traditional peoples as the sign of a clan or family and sometimes worshiped as its founder, ancestor, or guardian.
2. As they were about to leave, Charles gave Camilla a gun. (Line 56) Why did Charles give about to leave, Charles gave Camilla a gun. (Line 56) Why did Charles give Camilla a gun?
Unit 4
Web (II)
John Wyndham
Further Information on Text-related Details
insecticide:
a material used to kill insects in all developmental forms. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry and the household. The use of insecticides is believed to be one of the major factors behind the increase in agricultural productivity in the 20th century. Nearly all insecticides have the potential to significantly alter ecosystems; many are toxic (有毒的) to humans; and others are concentrated in the food chain. It is necessary to balance agricultural needs with environmental and health issues when using them.