2011年北京市专升本英语真题

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北京市2011年高职升本英语答案解析

北京市2011 年高职升本科大学公共英语考试试题详解Part I Vocabulary and Structure 1. 【答案】D. 固定搭配【分析】本题考查对put 短语的掌握。

put away 收起，存放；put down 放下，记下；put up 举起，抬起；put off 推迟，拖延。

根据题意是“拖延”的意思，所以选D。

2. 【答案】B. 虚拟语气【分析】与过去事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。

本题所表示的事情发生在过去，所以选B。

3. 【答案】D. 动词不定式【分析】动词不定式做状语，表原因，所以选D。

4. 【答案】C. 定语从句【分析】本题考查对定语从句的掌握。

when 是关系副词，用来引导时间的定语从句，但本题定语从句中wasted 缺乏宾语，因而不选when。

where 是关系副词，用来引导地点的定语从句，与先行词逻辑不符，因此不用考虑。

What 不能引导定语从句。

That 既可代表事物也可代表人，在从句中作wasted 的宾语，因此选C。

5. 【答案】A. 固定搭配【分析】本题考查对hand 短语的掌握。

hand over 交出职位；hand in 提交，呈送；hand out 分发，散发；hand on 传递。

根据题意是“交出职位”的意思，所以选A。

6. 【答案】B. 辨析引导时间状语的连词【分析】本题考查对引导时间状语连词的掌握。

从逻辑上判断，可以排除after 和when。

applied 不是延续性的动作，不能用until，所以选B。

7. 【答案】A. 被动语态【分析】本题考查对被动语态和主从句时态搭配的掌握。

permit 在表达“客观情况允许”时用作不及物动词。

主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。

所以选择A。

8. 【答案】C. 复合句结构和动词时态【分析】时间状语从句的谓语told 为一般过去式，其宾语从句的事实发生在told 这个动作以前，所以宾语从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时C。

2011年高考北京卷英语试题(附答案)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And 36 otherwise assigned （指定）a seat by the teacher, I always 37 to sit at the back of the classroom.All this 38 after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy 39 because I didn’t have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the 40 to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “41 for it”, I wouldn’t have decided to give it a try.Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the 42 of it. When I first started 43 the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game, much 44 what I was doing. Sometimes I’d get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. 46 . I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to 47 on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t 48 “just yet”.I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating. V ery soon the competitive 50 in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the 51 —friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!With my 52 self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “53 ” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, 54 raising my hand —even when I sometimes wasn’t 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.36. A. as B. until C. unless D. though37. A. hoped B. agreed C. meant D. chose38. A. continued B changed C. settled D. started39. A. idea B. plan C. belief D. saying40. A. right B. chance C. ability D. patience41. A. going B. looking C. cheering D. applying42. A. point B. half C. rest D. basis43. A. enjoying B. preparing C. attending D. watching44. A. less B. later C. worse D. further45. A. committed B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused46. A. Interestingly B. Fortunately C. Obviously D. Hopefully47. A. focus B. act C. rely D. try48. A. want B. do C. support D. know49. A. steps B. orders C. rules D. games50. A. role B. part C. mind D. value51. A. process B. operation C. movement D. situation52. A. expressed B. improved C. preserved D. recognized53. A. dreaming B. playing C. relaxing D. hiding54. A. by B. for C. with D. to55. A. lucky B. happy C. sure D. satisfiedA“I W ent Skydiving at 84!”As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a p lane, but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time, I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirementcommunity (社区)announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating Gorge Bush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health . A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn’t believe it. Inspired by this. I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.On June 11,2009, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the exper ience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn’t frightened---I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute (降落伞), then we just floated downward for about five minutes . Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt---much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it.Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don’t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there’s something you want to experience, look into it. If it’s something that is possible, make it happen.56. What happened to the author in 2001?A. She flew an airplane.B. She entered a competition.C. She went on a hot air balloon ride.D. She moved into a retirement community.57. The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to .A. build up her own reputationB. show her admiration for himC. compare their health conditionD. make her argument persuasive58. How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane?A. Excited.B. Scared.C. NervousD. Regretful59. What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving?A. The beautiful clouds.B. The wonderful view.C. The company of JayD. The one-minute free fallBSubmission GuidelinesBefore sending us a manuscript(稿件), look through recent issues(刊物)of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish. Y ou will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched, timely and informative articles on finance, home improvement, travel, humor, and many other fields.The Post’s goal is to remain unique, with content that provides additional understandings on the ever-evolving American scene.In addition to feature-length(专题长度的) articles, the Post buys anecdotes, cartoons, and photos. Payment ranges from $25 to $400.Our nonfiction needs include how-to, useful articles on gardening, pet care and training, financial planning, and subjects of interest to a 45-plus, home-loving readership. For nonfiction articles, indicate any special qualifications you have for writing about the subject, especially scientific material include one or two published pieces with your article. We prefer typed articles between 1,000 and 2,000 words in length. We encourage you to send both printed and online versions.We also welcome new fiction. A light, humorous touch is appreciated. We are always in need of straight humor articles. Make us laugh, and we’ll buy it.Feature articles average about 1,000 to 2,000 words. We like positive, fresh angles to Postarticles, and we ask that they be thoroughly researched.We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks. Y ou are tree to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.Please submit all articles to Features Editor. The Saturday Evening Post,1100 Waterway Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, (317) 634-1100.60. Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a contributor is advised to .A. get a better understanding of American issuesB. find out the range of the articles in the PostC. increase his knowledge in many fieldsD. broaden his research focus61. To submit nonfiction articles, a contributor must .A. provide his special qualificationsB. be a regular reader of the PostC. produce printed versionsD. be over 45 years old62. From the passage we can learn that the P ost.A. allows article submissions within six weeksB. favors science articles within 2,000 wordsC. has a huge demand for humorous worksD. prefers nonfiction to fiction articlesCStudents and Technology in the ClassroomI love my Blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer, as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(设备)and truly communicate with others.On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule-no laptops, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up w ith it so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course material and the class discussion.I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.63. Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with__________________A. the course materialB. others’ misuse of technologyC. discussion topicsD. the author’s class regulations64. The underlined word “engage” in Para.4 probably means .A. exploreB. acceptC. changeD. reject65. According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may .A. keep students from doing independent thinkingB. encourage students to have in-depth conversationsC. help students to better understand complex themesD. affect students’ concentration on course evaluation66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ___________________.A. is quite stubbornB. will give up teaching historyC. will change his teaching plan soonD. values technology-free dialogues in his classDAs the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission (输送) system for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants(政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21th century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, jus t like the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.67. What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. Some railroad stops remained underused.C. Land in the West was hard to manage.D. Land grants went into private hands.68. What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?A. The transmission of power.B. The use of money and power.C. The conservation of solar energy.D. The selection of an ideal place.69. What is the author’s attitude towards building solar plants?A. CautiousB. ApprovingC. DoubtfulD. Disapproving70. Which is the best title for the passage?A. How the Railways Have Affected the WestB. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be ReducedD. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节情景作文(20分)假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，下面四幅图描述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事，请根据图片的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，词数不少于60。

2011年专升本英语考试真题及参考答案

2011年专升本英语考试真题及参考答案一、Phonetics （5 points）?Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and pare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.第1题单选选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. lambB. bombingC. combD. ambition【答案】D第2题单选选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. guiltB. buildC. guideD. guitar【答案】C第3题单选选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. laughB. weighC. toughD. rough【答案】B第4题单选选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

B. threatC. threadD. treasure【答案】A第5题单选选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. grandB. gravityC. gratitudeD. grateful【答案】D二、Vocabulary and Structure （15 points）?Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.第6题单选There aren't many wild pandas __________ in the world today.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. lived【答案】B参考解析：there be句型中已含有谓语动词，因此排除可在句中做谓语的live（选项A）和lived（选项D）。

2011年11月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试试题

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage：The reflective towers of New York City, which is on the Atlantic migrating(迁徙的)route, can be deadly for birds. ―We live in an age of glass,‖ said urel, an architect. (76)―It can be a perfect mirror in certain lights, and the larger the glass, the more dangerous it is.‖ About 90,000 birds are killed by flying into building in the city each year. Often, they strike the lower levels of glass towers after searching for food in nearby parks. Such crashes are the second-leading cause of death for migrating birds, after habitat(栖息地)loss, with an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a year.(77)As glass office and apartment towers have increased in the last decade, so, too, have calls to make them less deadly to birds. San Francisco adopted bird-safety standard for new building in July. The United States Green Building Council, a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of environmentally conscious buildings, will introduce a bird-safety credit this as part of its environmental certification process.There are no easy fixes, however. A few researchers are exploring glass designs that use ultraviolet(紫外线的)signals, but they are still in their infancy. Covers, dot patterns, shades and net are the main options available.Often, only one section of a building needs to be changed. ―You don’t necessarily have to treat every window,‖ urel said. ―It would b e too expensive to do the whole building.‖ The Jacob Convention Center, which has been undergoing alterations, is the most recent building to voluntarily correct the problem of bird crashes. The architects used less reflective glass and dot patterns.A. New York is a city of glass towers.B. Glass tower are dangerous for migrating birds.C. New York adopted new safety standards for buildings.D. Glass towers are a new trend in the United States.What is the number one cause of death for migrating birds?A. Climate changeB. Habitat lossC. Lack of foodD. Crashing into buildingsprobably mean?A. ChoicesB. ExplanationsC. SolutionsD. DevelopmentsConvention Center.A. Dot patternsB. ShadesC. NetsD. CoversWhich of the fowling statements is TRUE according to thepassage?A. In many cases, the whole building needs to be altered to prevent bird crashesB. The Jacob K.Javits Convention Center is the first building to deal with the problem of bird crashesC. About 90,000 birds are killed due to habitat loss in New York City each yearD. Unfortunately, glass designs that use ultraviolet signals are still in their early stagesPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Today’s students have grown up hearing more about Bill Gates than F.D.R., and they live in a world where amazing innovations(革新)are common. The current 18-year-olds, after all, were 8 when Google was founded by two students at Stanford; Mark Zuckerberg founded Facebook in 2004 while he was Harvard and they were entering high school. Having grown up digital(数字的)，they are impatient to get on with life.The easiest way to find kids like these is to check in on entrepreneurship(创业)education, in which colleges and universities try to prepare their students to recognize opportunities and seize them.A report published last year by the Kauffman Foundation, which finances programs to promote innovation on campuses, noted that more than 50,000 entrepreneurship programs are offered on two-and four-year campuses—up from just 250 courses in 1985. Lesa Mitchell , a Kauffman vice president, says that the foundation is extending the reach of its academic influence, which used to be found only in business schools. Now, the concept of entrepreneurship is blooming in engineering programs and med ical school, and even in the liberal arts. ―Our interest is the programs,‖ she says. ―We need to spread out from the business school.‖Either as class projects or on their own, students in a variety of majors are coming up with ideas, writing business plans and seeing them through to prototype and, often, market. In their spare time, students in agricultural economics at Purdue invent new uses for bean; industrial design majors at Syracuse, in special laboratory, create wearable technologies.(78)The entrepreneurship movement has its critics, especially among those who see college as a time for extensive academic exploration. ―I just don’t think that entrepreneurship ranks so high in terms of national need,‖ says Daniel S.Greenberg, author of Science for sale: The perils, Rewards and Delusions of Campus Capitalism.Leonard A.Schlesinger, Babson College’s president, says that the question of whether innovation can really be taught is ―an age-old argument‖.When Google and Facebook were established, the founderswere still_____.A. in high schoolB. in the armyC. in primary schoolD. at collegeentrepreneurship education?A. To prepare students for future academic lifeB. To prepare students to find opportunities and seize themC. To prepare students for overseas careerD. To prepare student to develop interpersonal skillsThe word “prototype” in the fourth paragraph is mostlikely to mean_____.A. modelB. strategyC. methodD. stageeducation?A. Entrepreneurship, or at least certain elements of it, can be taughtB. An entrepreneurship program can help students find what they really like and entrepreneurship isn’t all about businessC. Entrepreneurship should be spread across different fieldsD. Colleges shouldn’t put too much emphasis on entrepreneurship programsA. Entrepreneurship courses in business schoolsB. Qualities of an entrepreneurC. Entrepreneurship education in collegesD. Kids in the information agePassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Regret is as common an emotion as love or fear, and it can be nearly as powerful. So, in a new paper, two researchers set about trying to find out what the typical American regrets most. In telephone surveys, Neal Rose, a psychologist and professor of marketing at the School of Management at Northwestern Universtiy, and Mike Morrison, a doctoral candidate in psychology at University of Illinois, asked 370 Americans, aged 19 to 103,to talk about their most notable regret. Participants were asked what the regret was, when it happened, whether it was a result of something they did or didn’t do, and whether it was something that could still be fixed.The most commonly mentioned regret involved romance (浪漫的事)(18%) –lost loves or unfulfilled relationships. Family regrets came in second (16%)，with people still feeling badly about being unkind to their brothers or sisters in childhood. Other frequently reported regrets involved career (13%) , education (12%),money(10%) and parenting(9%).Rose and Morrison’s study, which is to b e published in social psychological and personality science, is significant in that it surveyed a wide range of the American public, including people of all ages and socio-economic and educational backgrounds. Previous studies on regret have focused largely on college students, who predictably tend to have education-focused regrets, like wishing they had studied harder or a different major. The new survey shows that in the larger population, a person’s major. The new survey shows that in the larger populati on, a person’s ―life circumstances—accomplishments, shortcomings, situation in life—inject considerable fuel into the fires of regret,‖ the authors write.(79)People with less education, for instance were more likely to report education regret. People with higher levels of education had the most career regrets. And those with no romantic partner tended to hold regrets regarding love. Broken down(分解、细分)by sex, more women(44%) than men (19%) had regrets about love andfamily----not surprising, since women ―value social relationships more than men,‖ the authors write. In contrast ,men (34%) were more likely than women (27%) to mention work-related regrets, wishing they’d chosen a different career path, for instance ,or followed their passion。

2011年全国统一高考英语(北京卷)逐题解析

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语试题解析2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（略）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A. A newspaper.B. A magazine.C. A book.答案是A。

1．What color T-shirt does the man plan to order?A．Red. B．Blue. C．Green.2．Which section does the man like to read?A．News. B．Sports. C．Entertainment.3．What job will the man probably take in summer?A．Lifeguard. B．Tour guide. C．Swinning coach.4．Where does the woman want to go on holiday?A．Turkey. B．Canada. C．Italy.5．What are the two speakers talking about?A．Shark. B．Camera. C．Movie.第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

北京市专升本真题2010-2011-2012年真题阅读理解题干解释

阅读理解题干：2010年试题文章116. This passage is mainly about__这篇文章主要是关于__17. According to the passage, a total distance of 6kilometers by taxi will cost you__根据这篇文章，全程6千米乘计程车将花费你多少钱18. The SIA Hop-on on the city loop operates daily between__这新航跳在城市循环操作日常是在什么时间之间文章220. What did the author do to make a living ?作者为了谋生做什么？21. The author did not want to do what the manager told him to because__作者不想做，经理告诉他是因为……22. Finally the author went to the man because__最后作者走向这个男人是因为…….23. What do we known about the writer after reading this passage?读完这篇文章后我们知道了关于作者的什么？文章324. The word “soaring” in Paragraph I most probably means __“soaring”一词在第一段最可能的意思是……25. The unemployment rate among college graduates is nearly __失业率在大学毕业生中将近是…….26. Compared with other places ,one place graduates can look for work is__与其他地方相比，一个地方的毕业生可以找的工作是…..27. According to the last paragraph, what attitude does Blake Taylor hold towards job hunting?根据最后一段，Blake Taylor 对找工作的态度是什么?文章428. What is the feature of a typical conversation between Americans?在美国人之间典型谈话的特点是什么？29. By comparing a conversation between two Americans to a table tennis game, the German observer means that__通过比较两个美国人对乒乓球比赛的对话，这个德国观察者认为那个……30. Americans___when they talk with Arabs.美国人…..当他们与阿拉伯人交谈31. According to this passage, Americans have a low opinion of people who__根据这篇文章，美国人有一个低意见（自卑）的人谁…..文章532. The passage is meant to __这篇文章主要….33, According to a recent American study, people start losing their mental ability__通过美国最近的研究，人们开始失去他们的脑力能力34. With regard to memory reduction, young adults differ from older adults in that__关于记忆力，年轻人与老年人的不同在于……35. It can be inferred from what Denis Park says that__从迪斯尼公园说出可以退出……北京市2011年高职升本科招生统一考试文章116. Which of the following accommodation choices is the lowest in price?下面哪些住宿的选择是最低价的？17. The advantage of “Full Board” over “Room Only” or “Group House”is that __are include.“Full Board”超过“Room Only”和“Group House”的有利条件包括什么18. If you want to enjoy Australian daily family life, __is your best choice如果你想享受澳大利亚日常家庭生活，你最好的选择是什么…..文章219. What did the author do after the training program?作者在培训计划后做什么？20. The reason Jane didn’t go to the supermarket by bus was that__Jane 不想坐公交去超市的原因是……21. How did Jane use to find the goods she wanted in the supermarket? Jane在超市是怎样找到她想要的东西的？22．Which of the following statements is true about Jane?下列关于Jane的陈述正确的是……文章323. Why are American bills quite confusing?为什么美国货币很混乱？24. The penny coin is__便士硬币是…..25. Which coin is the smallest in size?哪种硬币的大小最小？26. How many denominations do we find in American bills according to the passage?通过这篇文章我们可以发现美国几种面额的硬币？文章427. Why is friendship one of the ever-going topics for us?为什么友谊是我们一个不断的主题？28. In order to succeed ,anybody with an ambition in life__为了成功，任何人在生活中有一个雄心….29. With similar friends, it is not easy for you to__与类似的朋友，对你来说____是不容易的30. According to the last paragraph , when we choose friends, we should be___通过这篇文章。

2011年高考北京卷英语试题(附答案)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第二部分，如识运用（共两题）45分。

20．第一节单项填空，共15小题，每小题1分，共15分从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ______________, we list met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. to other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

21. Experiments of this kind ______________in both the U. S and Europe well before the Second World War.A. have conductedB. have been conductedC. had conductedD. had been conducted22. ______________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom23. Tom ______________ in the library every night over the last three months.A. worksB. workedC. has been workingD. had been working24. —I don’t really like Jams. Why did you invite him?—Don’t worry. He _____ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not25. It’s important for the figures ______________ regularly.A. to be undatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. to have updated26. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others. ______________, of course, made all the others upset.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that27. That must have been a long trip.Yeah, it ______ us a whole week yet there.A. takesB. had takenC. tookD. was taking28. Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.— I wish they ______________ always late.A. weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t heD. wouldn’t have been29. _______ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.A. SinceB. OnceC. UnlessD. While30. May be if I ______________ science, and not literature then. I would be able to give your more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying31. The shocking news made me realize ______________ terrible problems we would face.A. whatB. howC. thatD. why32. — Bob has gone to California.— Oh, can you tell me when he ______________?A. had leftB. leftC. is leavingD. would leave33. Sit down. Emma. You will only make yourself more worried, ______________ on your feet.A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept34. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______________.A. themB. thoseC. itD. that35. With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _____________ color.A. byB. forC. withD. in第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2011年高考北京卷英语试题（附答案）

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）分）第一节第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

1. What color T-shirt does the man plan to order ？A. Red B. Blue C. Green 2. Which section does the man like to read? A. News B. Sports C. Entertainment 3. What job will the man probably take in summer? A. Lifeguard B. Tour guide C. Swimming coach 4. Where does the woman want to go on holiday? A. Turkey B. Canada C. Italy 5. What are the two speakers talking about? A. Shark B. Camera C. Movie 第二节第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）分）听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后几道小题，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

题。

6. What test are the speakers going to take on Friday? A. Science B. History C. Music 7. Why does the woman speaker make the phone call? A. To discuss her math’s math’s problems. problems. B. To seek help with her English reading. C. To ask about the homework for tomorrow. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

2011年北京市专升本英语真题及答案2

北京市2011年高职升本科招生统一考试(英语)本试卷共8页，共100分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。

Part I1．Do you often ____until tomorrow what you should do today?A．put away B．put down C．put up D．put off2．_____，John would have told you about it．A．If he has known it B．Had he known itC．If he knew it D．Should he know it3．How pleased the detective was ______what his customer told him． A．hearing B．hear C．heard D．to hear4He regretted the days_____ he wasted in the woods and when he should have s tudied.A．when B．where C．that D．what5．The captain Was unwilling to_____ me command of the ship．A．hand over B．hand in C．hand out D．hand on6．George applied for the position three times_______ he finally got it.A．after B．before C．until D．when7．If weather______，the students will go outing on Sunday.A．permits B．is permitted C．will be permitted D．will permit8．You should have seen the look on her face when I told her I_____ the first pri ze.A．win B．have won C．had won D．would have won9．In no way______ to tell lies to parents．A．children are allowed B．children will allowC．will children allow D . are children allowed10．The students were all tired，but____ of them stopped to have a rest.A．any B．each C．none D. neither11．一Where will you start your work after graduation?一M mm．it's not been decided yet．I______ continue my study for a higher degree.A．need B．might C．must D．should12．______ is mentioned above，the number of the cattle here has been limited to 200．A．As B．It C．What D．That13．I spent the whole day______ the motorbike．The work was anything but si mple.A．having repaired B．to repair C．repaired D．repairing14．It's a bad practice to_______ children much money as a New Year gift- A．accept B．agree C．allow D．admit1 5．Congratulations。

2011年高考英语真题(北京卷)(解析版)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（略）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A. A newspaper.B. A magazine.C. A book.答案是A。

1．What color T-shirt does the man plan to order?A. Red.B. Blue.C. Green.2．Which section does the man like to read?A. News.B. Sports.C. Entertainment.3．What job will the man probably take in summer?A. Lifeguard.B. Tour guide.C. Swinning coach.4．Where does the woman want to go on holiday?A. Turkey.B. Canada.C. Italy.5．What are the two speakers talking about?A. Shark.B. Camera.C. Movie.第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

2011年联大英语专业专升本听力A真题

机密★启用前 2011年北京联合大学高职升本科专业、专业基础课考试考试科目英语专业听力 A （总分：100分考试时间：40分钟）注意事项： 1．共 7 页，用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在答题纸上。

2．一、CONVERSATIONS.（30 points, 2 points each ） Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. 1.A. To keep her trousers on. B. To spend less time at the office. C. To hang up her trousers. D. To come home earlier. 2.A. Her sister is having a baby. B. Her sister will not let her. C. It is a bad movie. D. She is taking care of her sister’s children./////¤/////¤/////密¤封¤装¤订¤线密封线内不要答题准考证号姓名：/////¤/////¤/////3.A. Repair workers.B. Sales woman.C. Taxi driver.D. car producer.4. A. The woman was visiting her husband in the hospital.B. They were riding in a car.C. The woman and man were in a store.D. The couple was watching a movie.5. A. Tuesday.B. Thursday.C. Wednesday.D. Friday.6. A. The green one.B. The blue one.C. The red one.D. Not mentioned.7. A. She is going to a meeting.B. She is going to see a friend.C. She is going to have dinner with the man.D. She is going to the movies.8. A. 15 minutes.B. 20 minutes.C. 25 minutes.D. 30 minutes.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. Tokyo Subway Station.B. Tokyo Art Museum.C. Tokyo Tower.D. Hibiya Subway Station.10. A. 130 yen.B. 113 yen.C. 150 yen.D. 115 yen.11. A. About every five minutes.B. About every six minutes.C. About every seven minutes.D. About every eight minutes.12. A. At Hibiya Subway Station.B. At Tokyo Art Museum Station.C. At Tokyo Subway Station.D. At Kamiyacho Station.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A. To invite her to go to Florida with him.B. To ask her to watch his house while he is gone.C. To make date for that evening.D. To talk about his vacation.14. A. She is Brian’s neighbor.B. She goes to school with Brian.C. She does not know Brian very well.D. She does not have a job.15. A. Feed the cats.B. Collect the mail.C. Water the plants.D. Watch the house.二、PASSAGES.（30 points, 3 points each）Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D).Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. They will be much bigger.B. They will have more seats.C. They will have three wheels.D. They will need intelligent drivers.17. A. It doesn’t need to be refueled.B. It will use solar energy as fuel.C. It will be driven by electrical power.D. It will be more suitable for long distance travel.18. A. Passengers in the car may be seated facing one another.B. The front seats will face forward and the back seats backward.C. Special seats will be designed for children.D. More seats will be added.19. A. Choose the right route.B. Refuel the car regularly.C. Start the engine.D. Tell the computer where to go.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A. By keeping their boxes under light.B. By shocking any rat who went into a dark area.C. By placing some delicious food in those lighted box.D. By injecting part of a lion’s brain into his rats.21. A. That a person who eats the heart of a lion can gain the lion’s courage.B. That rats prefer lighted boxes to dark ones.C. That learned information can be passed to other animals from the oneswho did the learning.D. That mice have high intelligence.22. A. Mice that got the trained brain spent more time in the dark than micethat got the untrained brain.B. Mice, unlike rats, normally prefer the light.C. Dr. Ungar injected part of the brains of untrained rats into 132 mice.D. None of the above.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A. Children’s play balloons.B. Weather balloons.C. Balloons used for safety patrols.D. Balloons used for recreation.24. A. Because they are impossible to guide.B. Because they may go up in flames.C. Because they tend to leak gas.D. Because they are cheaply made.25. A. They are safer.B. They are larger.C. They are easier to store.D. They are harder to damage.三、DICTATION.（28 points, 2 points each from blanks 26 to 33 and 4points each from blanks 34 to 36）Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listencarefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from26 to 33 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 34 to 36 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact wordsyou have just heard or write down the main points in your ownwords. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, youshould check what you have written.If you want to be president of the United States, it is a good thing to grow up (26) . In the past 13 presidential elections, the taller man has won 10 times. George Bush Junior is a rare exception. Washington, Jefferson and Lincoln were well above average (27) . So was Bill Clinton. If you want to earna lot of money, though, it seems that what (28) is not how tall you areas an adult, but how tall you were as a (29) .Three American (30) confirmed what short people have always suspected: that it (31) to be tall. In Britain, if you are white and male, an extra inch goes with a 1.7% increase in wages; in America, with 1.8%. The shortest quarter of the (32) in both countries earns, on average, about 10% less than the tallest quarter.When they looked at the connections between a man’s (33) and his height at the ages of 7, 11 and 16, as well as his adult height, the researchers foundthat all of the effect of height on income actually attributed to height at the age of 16. neither variations in increase after that age, nor differences in height earlier in childhood, (34) .Why is unclear. Purely biological effects, such as genetic or nutritional differences, can probably be ruled out. They are unlikely to manifest themselves solely in someone’s teens. Employers’ prejudice is not convincing: an employer is unlikely to know (35) . With a little statistical effort, differences in family background and schooling can be ruled out, too. The key is the “social and cultural stigma(烙印)” of being a 16-year-old. Menwith relatively short youths were less likely to take part in (36) . However, social activities may improve self-esteem and develop valuable social skills.四、ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS.（12 points, 2 points each）Directions: Listen to a passage. After the passage six questionswill be read to you. Write down the proper answers on your AnswerSheet according to what you have heard.37.38.39.40.41.42.。

2011北京全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试卷

2011北京全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．Experiments of this kind ___in both the U．S and Europe well before the Second World War．A．had conducted B．have conductedC．have been conducted D．had been conducted2． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and hapiness. A．Which B．What C．That D．Whom3．Tom in the library every night over the last three months.A．works B．worked C．have been working D．had been working 4．—I don’t really like Janes. Why did you invite him?—Don’t worry. He come. He said he was’t certain what his plans were.A．must not B．need not C．would not D．might not 5．It’s important for the figures regularly.A．to be updated B．to have been updated C．to updateD．to have uodated6．Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A．who B．which C．what D．that7．— That must have been a long trip.— Yeah, it ________ us a whole week to get there.A．takes B．has takenC．was taking D．took8．—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be complerely ruined.—I wish they always late.A．weren’t B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．wouldn’t have been9．volleyball is her main focus, she’s al so great at basketball.A．Since B．Once C．Unless D．While10．Maybe if I sicence, and not literature then, I would be able to giveyou more help.A．studied B．would study C．had studied D．was studying11．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.A．what B．how C．that D．why12．—Bob has gone to Califonia.—Oh, can you tell me when he ?A．has left B．left C．is leaving D．would leave13．Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A．to keep B．keeping C．having kept D．to have kept14．The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local govenments to increase .A．then B．those C．it D．that15．With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken color.A．by B．for C．with D．in二、完形填空I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And 1 otherwise assignen（指定）a seat by the teacher,I always 2 to sit at the back of the classroom.All this 3 after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggestedI try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy 4 beca use I didn’t have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the 5 to keeppace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacherwho kept insisting on my “ 6 for it”, I wouldn’t have decided to givea try.Getting up t he courage to go to the tryouts was only the 7 of it! WhenI first started 8the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game, much 9 whatI was doing. Sometimes I’d get 10 and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. 11 , I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to 12 on learning the game, do my bestat each prctice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t13 “just yet”.I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 14 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and moticating. Very soon the competitive 15 in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the 16 — friends who respect my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!With my 17 self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates.I have gone from “18” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, 19raising my hand —even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent 20 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.16． A．as B．until C．unless D．though17． A．hoped B．agreed C．meant D．chose18． A．continued B．changed C. settled D．started 19． A．idea B．plan C．belief D．saying20． A．right B．chance C．ability D．patience 21． A．going B．looking C．cheering D．applying22． A．point B．half C．rest D．basis23． A．enjoying B．preparing C．attending D．watching 24． A．less B．later C．worse D．further25． A．committed B．motivated C．embarrassed D．confused 26．A．Interetingly B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．hopefully 27． A．focus B．act C．rely D．try28． A．want B．do C．support D．know29． A．steps B.orders C．rules D．games30． A．roles B．part C．mind D．value31． A．process B．operation C．movement D．situation 32． A．expressed B．improved C．preserved D．recognized33． A．dreaming B．playing C．relaxing D．hiding 34． A．by B．for C．with D．to35． A．lucky B．happy C．sure D．satisfied三、阅读选择“I Went Skydiving at 84!”As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011,when my husband arranged for me me ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time ,I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community（社区）announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating George Brush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn’t believe it.One june 11, 2009, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn’t frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reachen 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute（降落伞）, then we just floated downward fo zhout five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air ballon. I was just enjoying it.Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don’t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there’s something you want to experience, look into it. If it’s something that is possible, make it happen.36．What happened to the auther in 2001?A．She flew an airplaneB．She entered a competitionC．She went on a hot air balloon rideD．She moved into a retirement community37．The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to .A．build up her own reputationB．show her admiration for himC．compare their health conditonD．make her argument persuasive38．How did the authou feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane?A．Excited B．Scared C．Nervous D．Regretful 39．What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving?A．The beautiful clouds B．The wonderful viewC．The company of Jay D．The one-minute free fallSubmission GuidelinesBefore sending us a manuscript（稿件）, look through recent issues（刊物）of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish. You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched, timely and informative articles on finance, home improvement, travel, humor, and many other fields.The Post’s goal is to remain unique, with content that provides additional underst andings on the ever-evolving American scene.In addition to feature-length（专题长度的）articles, the Post buys anecdotes, cartoons, and photos. Payment ranges from $25 to $400.Our nonfiction needs include how-to, useful articles on gardening, pet care and training, financial planning, and subjects of interest to a 45-plus, home-loving readership. For nonfiction articles, indicate any special qualifications you have for writing about the subject, especially scientific material. Include one or two published pieces with your article. We prefer typed articles between 1000 and 2000 words in length. We encourage you to send both printed and online versions.We also welcome new fiction. A light, humorous touch is appreciated. We are always in need of straight humor arti cles. Make us laugh , and we’ll buy it.Feature articles average about 1000 to 2000 words. We like positive, fresh angles to Post articles, and we ask that they be thoroughly researched.We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks. You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.Please submit all articles to Features Editor, The Saturday Evening Post, 1100 Waterway Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, (317)634-1100.40．Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a contributor is advised to .A．get a better understanding of American issuesB．find out the range of the articles in the postC．increase his knowledge in many fieldsD．broaden his research focus41．to submit nonfiction articles，a contributor must_____.A．provide his special qualificationB．be a regular reader of the postC．produce printed versionD．be over 45 year old42．from the passage we can learn that the postA．allows article submission within six weeksB．favor science articles within 2，000 wordsC．have a huge demand for humorous worksD．prefers nonfiction to fiction articleStudents and Technology in the ClassroomI love my blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me . I also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thought .Despite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these device and truly communication with others.On occasion ,I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule —nolaptop ,ipads ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .Most students assume that year reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology . There’s a bit of truth to that.Some students as sume that I am anti-technology . There’s no truth in that at all . I love technology and try to keep up with it so I relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly____complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the educations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge , they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom .I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,I’m sticking to my plan. a few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too give up.43．some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____A．the course material B．others’ misuse of technology C．discussion topics D．the author’s class regulator44．the underlined word “engage”in para.4 probably means ____A．explore B．accept C．change D．reject 45．according to the author ,the use of technology in the classroom may ____A．keep students from doing independent thinkingB．encourage students to have in-depth conversationsC．help students to better understand complex themesD．affect students’ concentration on course evaluation46．it can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____A．is quite stubbornB．will give up teaching historyC．will change his teaching plan soonD．values technology-free dialogues in his classAs the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electhical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）systen for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affectthe suurouding community. The same is true of big solar ppants and the power lines that will be laid dowm to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . In much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management ,with the completion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an argument against building then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .So trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物种)will be forced to move ,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the American west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good .but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind ,just like the railroad and the highway .The money set aside in negotiated trade –offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines .so let’s remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .47．what was the problem caused by the construction of the railways ?A．small towns along the railways became abandoned .B．some railroad stops remained .C．land in the west was hard to manage .D．land grants went into private hands.48．what is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs ?A．the transmission of power B．the use of money and powerC．the conservation of solar energy D．the selection of an ideal place49．what is the author ‘s attitude towards building solar plants ?A．cautious B．approving C．doubtful D．disapproving 50．which is the best title for the passage ?A．how the railways have affected the westB．how solar energy could reshape the westC．how the effects of power plants can be reducedD．how the problems of the highways have been settled四、信息匹配51．Public speaking and critical thinkingWhat is critical thinking ? to a certain degree ,it’s a matter of logic （逻辑）—of being able to spot weaknesses in other people ‘s argument and to avoid them in your own ,it also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence .In the broad sense ,critical thinking is focused ,organized thinking –the ability to see clearly their lationships among ideas. 1 the greatest thinkers ,scientists ,and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas.that,too,is critical thinking. 2 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical（机械的）exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking. If the stucture of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also discovered and confused. If, on the other hand ,the stucture is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not a matter of arraging the ideas your already have. 3What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 4 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will Improve your ability to think clearly and accutately. 5 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class. You will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece. A．Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselvesB．This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.C．It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speechD．It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas. E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of waysG. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speech making ,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.五、提纲类作文52．假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华。