《学术交流英语教程》第二版第2版王文宇,翻译答案
第二版大学视听说2答案
Unit 1Warming Up (p.1)1. T2. F3. NGUnderstanding Short Conversations(p.3)1. B2. D3. C4. D5. C6. C7. B8. B 9. A 10. CUnderstanding a Long Conversation(p.4)1. D2. D3. A4. B5. CUnderstanding a Passage (p.5)1. C2. D3. B4. C5. BUnderstanding a Movie Dialog (p.6)1. upset2. sick3. law4. harmless5. break6. replaced7. memories8. natural9. birthday10. appreciateListening and Speaking (p.12)1. sit quietly and listen to2. a blank stare3. put it a different way4. speak up in class5. in turn, a great deal ofHomework Supplementary Listening Task 1 (p.13)1. D2. C3. B4. D5. BTask 2 (p.14)1. C2. A3. B4. A5. CTask 3 (p.15)1 the age, size and future2. Seventy years ago3. increase with distance4. Late last month5. A light year6. distances in space7. other measurements8. support the idea9. slow down and break up10. or possibly even olderUnit 2Warming Up (p.18)1. passion2. make sacrifices3. The meaning of greatness.Understanding Short Conversations(p.19)1. B2. B3. C4. C5. C6. A7. A8. A 9. C 10. AUnderstanding a Long Conversation(p.20)1. D2. B3. C4. D5. DUnderstanding a Passage (p.21)1. C2. B3. C4. D5. DUnderstanding a Movie Dialog (p.22)1. training2. touch3. understand4. appreciate5. trouble6. fighting7. three8. honest9. cry10. borrowListening and Speaking (p.28)1. Because her dad had yelled at her.2. Helping children develop a sense of good sportsmanship3. When people treat each other with due respect4. Open-ended.5. Open-ended.Homework Supplementary ListeningTask 1 (p.29)1. D2. C3. D4. B5. ATask 2 (p.30)1. A2. B3. C4. B5. DTask 3 (p.31)1 on the ball2. did something unexpected3. at the job or activity4. hit it out of the park5. think it over6. is very successful7. complete a job or activity8. did something wrong9. how much it is worth10. close to my selling priceUnit 3Warming Up (p.34)Understanding Short Conversations(p.35)1. D2. A3. B4. C5. D6. A7. D8. B 9. A 10. BUnderstanding a Long Conversation(p.36)1. A2. B3. D4. D5. AUnderstanding a Passage (p.37)1. B2. D3. D4. A5. BUnderstanding a Movie Dialog (p.38)1. night2. definitely3. love4. wise5. My wife6. 267. died8. youngest9. goes by10. gotten oldListening and Speaking (p.44)1. physically OK2. To the kitchen3. a bowl of ice cream with stawberries4. I don’t need to write it down5. a plate of bacon and eggsHomework Supplementary Listening Task 1 (p.45)1. A2. B3. D4. C5. DTask 2 (p.46)1. B2. D3. B4. C5. ATask 3 (p.47)1 they care about2. performed marriages3. wait longer t get married4. bring people together5. plan a blind date6. follow their cultural traditions7. meant for the other8. establishing a relationship9. improve their chances10. meet someone over the InternetUnit 4Warming Up (p.50)1. C2. A3. AUnderstanding Short Conversations(p.51)1. D2. B3. C4. A5. B6. D7. A8. C 9. C 10. BUnderstanding a Long Conversation(p.52)1. B2. A3. C4. D5. BUnderstanding a Passage (p.53)1. C2. B3. D4. B5. AUnderstanding a Movie Dialog (p.54)1. certain2. occasionally3. come along4. receiving5. delight6. gathering7. natural8. special9. welcoming10. remindingListening and Speaking (p.60)1. a class of adults2. the ruler, the book, the pen and so on3. Give me the keys4. looked surprised and somewhat at a loss5. threw his arms around the teacher’s neck and kissed him on both cheeksHomework Supplementary ListeningTask 1 (p.61)1. A2. C3. A4. B5. BTask 2 (p.62)1. D2. C3. A4. C5. BTask 3 (p.63)1 answer a qestion2. to be admitted3. copies of all school records4. the results of the TOEFL5. minimum acceptable TOEFL6. additional English training7. conditionally accept students8. taking regular classes9. provides more information10. successfully pass classesUnit 5Warming Up (p.66)1. F2. T3. TUnderstanding Short Conversations(p.67)1. C2. D3. A4. C5. A6. B7. D8. D 9. D 10. CUnderstanding a Long Conversation(p.68)1. B2. D3. A4. D5. AUnderstanding a Passage (p.69)1. D2. C3. B4. A5. CUnderstanding a Movie Dialog (p.70)1. Everything the light touches2. rises and falls3. will rise with you4. shadowy place5. never go there6. getting your way7. exists together8. respect all the creatures9. let me explain10. in the great circle of lifeListening and Speaking (p.76) 1. He smoked, drank, and acted in a manner generally bad for his health.2. He learned how to be a good person.3. He died early, alone and sad.4. Open-ended.5. Open-ended.Homework Supplementary ListeningTask 1 (p.77)1. B2. A3. D4. B5. CTask 2 (p.78)1. A2. C3. D4. D5. BTask 3 (p.79)1. one million new cases2. have increased3. drug treatments4. gathered results5. 145,0006. before it has spread7. from coming back8. reduce by half9. within 15 years10. middle-aged women。
全新版大学英语第二版第二册Unit2课文译文及参考答案
一个疑惑不解的小孩提的一个问题促使卡尔·格林思考：虽然他没有贵重的财物，但他在其他许多方面却是富有的。
富足的一生卡尔·格林首次面对这个问题，是在2003年12月初，我第一次为救世军摇铃募捐的时候。
当时我就站在沃尔玛商场入口处门外，对每一位向我的红壶里投入捐款的人都报以一声“谢谢”和一个微笑。
一位穿着整洁的妇人牵着她的幼子向放壶的台子走过来。
她在钱包里摸着找钱时，孩子抬头看了我一眼，问我：“你穷吗？”当时他眼里充满疑惑和好奇，时至今日仍历历在目。
“嗯，”我结结巴巴，边想边回答，“我比有些人拥有的多，但比其他人拥有的少。
”母亲因为孩子问了一个在社交上不该问的问题，训斥了他一顿，他俩便匆匆地赶去购物。
但是孩子的问题却一直在我的心头挥之不去。
我从不认为自己“穷”，但有些事我不可否认。
每当我填1040税务申报表时，我都属于收入最低的档次之一。
在过去的三十五年中，我只出去度过一次假。
我的电视机是黑白的，还是八年前别人送给我的。
然而，想要得到其他那么多人都有的物质的东西，对我来说，只不过是转瞬即逝的念头而已。
我的汽车是1999年的产品，到现在开了十万五千英里，已经很破很旧了，但是它依然可靠。
我的住房不大，但是很安静，住着挺舒心。
我的衣服很适合于我的工作，主要都在户外。
我对计算机的很少的需求，可以在图书馆得到解决。
尽管有些东西我没有，我并不感到贫穷。
这是为什么？五十三年来我一直非常健康。
我不但不生病，而且精力充沛，情绪饱满。
锻炼对我而言是确确实实的快事，我乐意长距离步行，越走越有劲。
我喜爱步行后随之产生的一种“什么都干得了”的心态。
我还十分珍惜我的创作才能。
当我写出美丽的诗句或编造出能把人逗乐的笑话时，我内心感到很富有。
学术交流英语教程Part2unit3
If you are not able to afford the expenses to attend a conference you are interested in, you will need to fund-raise to support your attendance. Possible sources for financial assistance include: membership, studentship, special awards, early registration, funds from foundations and other organizations such as your own institution, the National Foundation of Sciences and your foreign or domestic partners for collaborative research.
If you make some positive attempts, you may succeed in getting full financial support for your attendance, or at least you may warrant a greater allowance than others. Always remember that there is an off chance of being financially supported without your own effort.
01
As we have learned in a previous unit, membership is a very good source for financial assistance for attending a conference. However, if you have no membership with scholarly organizations, you can make good use of your studentship, since you have a student statthe quality of your paper, financial consideration is always a determinant of your possible attendance at a conference. Expenses to consider include: transportation (airfare, transfers, taxi, shuttle, subway, streetcar, etc.), conference fee (registration, materials, social functions, recreational activities, etc.), accommodations (hotel room and meals), tax, gratuities, incidental expenses, etc.
全新版大学英语综合教程2 (第二版)课后翻译中文+答案.doc
全新版大学英语综合教程2 (第二版)课后翻译中文+答案全新版人学英语综合教程(第二版)综合教程2翻译部分答案Unit 1背离传统需要极人的勇气。
(departure, enormous)It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.汤姆过去就很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢在当观众面前上台表演了。
(performance, bold)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a 1arge audience.很多教育家认为从小培养孩子的创新精神是很可取的。
(creative, desirable)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.假设那幅画确实是名作,你觉得值得购买吗? (Assuming that, worthwhile)Assuming that this painting is real 1y a masterpiece, do you think it? s worthwhile to buy it?如果这些数据在统计上是站得住脚的，那它将会帮助我们认识正在调杳的问题。
(throw light on, investigate, valid)If the datei is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.要提高我们的英语水平，关键是多读、多写、多听、多说。
另外，尽可能多背熟一些好文章也十分重要。
新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第二册英译汉和汉译英原文及答案1
汉译英她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了.' , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲地是实话., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？?文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习他们利润增长，部分原因是采用了新地市场策略..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习这样地措施很可能会带来工作效率地提高..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 尽管她是家里地独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 迈克没来参加昨晚地聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释.' , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 坐在他旁边地那个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 经理需要一个可以信赖地助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领那里地研究工作.( .) 文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 由于文化地不同，他们地关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 虽然他历经沉浮，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功地., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 我对你地说法地真实性有些保留看法..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 她长得并不特别高，但是她身材瘦，给人一种个子高地错觉.' , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？( "" .).. 不管黑猫白猫，能抓住老鼠就是好猫.( )' .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我.' .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 请允许我参加这个项目，我对这个项目非常感兴趣.: .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 人人都知道他比较特殊：他来去随意.( .): .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 看她脸上不悦地神色，我似乎觉得她有什么话想跟我说., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 他说话很自信，给我留下了很深地印象.( "" .) 文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, .. 我父亲太爱忘事，总是在找钥匙.( "... ..." .) 文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 我十分感激你给我地帮助.' .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 光线不足，加上地面潮湿，使得驾驶十分困难., , .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. 由于缺乏资金，他们不得不取消了创业计划., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习每当有了麻烦，他们总是依靠我们..文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习英译汉’ , . 文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了., .文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习男工平均工资每小时美元，而女工才每小时美元., .自然界地平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知地影响.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习; ’ .期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. .有趣地是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌地原产国.其部分原因来自于全球化带来地影响，部分原因是由于产地地变化.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力地.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.尽管那项计划一开始就证明是不切实际地，但是他们还是坚持要实施文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, .我无法说服他接受这项计划，也无法使他认识到这项计划地重要性.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习?你是怎么把那么多东西塞进这个小行李箱地？文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.别人对他怎么看，他全不在意.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习?我能否指出你犯了个小错误.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, 他母亲让他开车慢一点儿，但是他从不把她地话放在心上文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.应尽早告知年轻人：必须认真对待法律.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习’ , .他现在面临一个重要决定，这个决定可能会影响他地整个前程文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.即使在情况最糟糕地时候，你也必须保持镇静和信心.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.人际关系地成功与否与双方相处是否融洽以及交流是否顺畅有很大关系.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.他受到袭击，身受重伤，随后不治而亡.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, , .他地举止至少在表面上像个正常人.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.现如今，仅仅受过中等教育地人要想找份好工作越来越难了.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, ’ .留得青山在，不怕没柴烧文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, .如果你对所购物品不满意，我们将很乐意退款文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, . 我们对这块伟大地美丽地土地心怀感激之情，多年来它迎接了众多地人来这里地海滩游览.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习’ , .让老师吃惊地是，没人自愿当班长文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.那条狗忠心耿耿地继续在火车站等待主人，直到两年后死去文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, ’ .飞机可能会晚点几个小时，要是那样，我们等着就没有什么意义了文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.乔治常常说谎，因此当他说他考试得了高分时没人相信他.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习, .除了附近位于十字路口地那家小工厂，一切都静悄悄地.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.缺少睡眠地人会感到很难集中心思干活文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习. .我安排人去机场接克拉克先生，然后带他去宾馆文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习.一到达山顶，游客们都高兴地大叫起来.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课后段落翻译题答案.pptx
focus
attain
dependable
pursuit
individual）
With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.
哪种学习方法是更有效的，能够产生最理想的效果。只要我们坚持
努力学习，到时候我们就会完成掌握英语的任务。
（summarize accomplish in due course work on
enormous
critical
desirable
）
To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.
全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)第2册课文翻译及课后答案
全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）第2册课文翻译Unit 1 Text A哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。
Learning, Chinese-Style1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。
然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。
我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。
酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。
由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。
本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。
他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。
由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。
本杰明一点也不在意。
他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。
我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙的槽口鼓捣。
他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。
但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。
饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。
他们会轻轻握紧本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙的槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。
然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。
我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。
因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。
TWO DIFFERENT WAYS TO LEARN我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。
既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是处理槽口一事的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。
学术英语2翻译练习答案
Unit 11.十多年来，同性婚姻问题已经成为美国政坛的聚焦热点。
究竟该使其合法化，还是明令禁止，这掀起了美国立法、诉讼以及公民投票表决的浪潮，宗教团体对此也分歧严重。
2.1996年9月，美国国会以压倒性多数通过了所谓的“婚姻保护法案”，否认了同性已婚人士获得的联邦利益，并允许各州不予理会在其他州获批准的同性婚姻。
3.各宗教团体在同性恋相关政策、特权及宗教惯例等方面分歧不断，包括同性伴侣的结合是否应受到祝福、男女同性恋者是否可以在宗教组织中担当要职等。
4.近期对备受争议的宪法修正案的公众投票表决中，大多数美国人投了赞成票。
宪法修正案明令禁止同性婚姻，但具有讽刺意味的是，所有这些（投赞成票的）美国人都认为应该给予同性恋群体平等的权利。
5.尽管有相反的证据，但这些担忧在美国仍然非常普遍，这也是截止2003年6月，同性夫妇只争取到了联邦死亡抚恤金的原因所在。
6.毋庸置疑，根据第一修正案，任何人都不能因为发现某种与《圣经》教义相违背的道德困境，而有权利将任何规则、信仰或意见强加于人，因为并不是每个人都有相同的宗教道德观。
Unit 21.近些年，一种以全世界各大城市为场景的昙花一现式并极具传染力的艺术形式吸引了越来越多的注意力，并发展成为一种独立的亚文化。
不过现在，街头艺术即将成为主流。
2.协助组织社会意识展览的芬克尔珀尔（Finkelpearl）补充道，“艺术能推动对话，这一点是非常棒的。
”但是他并不认为涂鸦是一种艺术，“我无法容忍破坏公共财物的行为……”3.虽然要定义什么样的未经批准的意象是艺术什么样的不是极端困难的（如果不是不可能的话），但是从图像在公共环境中的功能的角度讲，这些图像的影响是可观察的并可据此得出一定的结论。
4.“任何人都不得携带喷漆罐……意图违反现行（涂鸦）法律。
”这是纽约市的一条法律，如果警察假定你将要或者已经违反了法律，人们将会因拥有喷漆罐被处以最高500美元的罚款。
5.破窗效应理论是一个比喻，意在说明“无人管理的破窗是一种无人问津的迹象，将导致更多的破坏，更多的破窗。
Unit 2 Communication Problems新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译
Unit 2 Communication ProblemsSpeaking Different LanguagesJohn Gray[1] When Martians and Venusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. Because they recognized that they were different, they were able to solve these problems. One of the secrets of their success was good communication.[2] Ironically, they communicated well because they spoke different languages. When they had problems, they would just go to a translator for assistance. Everyone knew that people from Mars and people from Venus spoke different languages, so when there was a conflict they didn't start judging or fighting but instead pulled out their phrase dictionaries to understand each other more fully. If that didn't work they went to a translator for help.[3] You see, the Martian and Venusian languages had the same words but different meanings depending on the way they were used. Their expressions were similar, but they had different connotations or emotional emphasis. Misinterpreting each other was very easy. So when communication problems emerged, they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. They experienced a trust and acceptance that we rarely experience today.[4] Even today we still need translators. Men and women seldom mean the same things even when they use the same words. For example, when a woman says, “I feel like you never listen,” she does not expect the word “never” to be tak en literally. Using the word “never” is just a way of expressing the frustration she is feeling at the moment. It is not to be taken as if it were factual information.[5] To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the factsa little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations.Men mistakenly take these expressions literally. Because they misunderstand the intended meaning, they commonly react in an unsupportive manner. In the following chart ten complaints easily misinterpreted are listed, as well as how a man might respond unsupportively.Ten Common Complaints That Are Easily MisinterpretedWomen say things like this: Men respond like this:“We never go out.” “That's not true. We went out last week.”“Everyone ignores me.” “I'm sure some people notice you.”“I am so tired, I can't do anything.” “If you don't like your job, then quit.”“I want to forget everything.” “I don't think there's anything to forget.”“The house is always a mess.” “It's not always a mess.”“No one listens to me anymore.” “But I'm listening to you right now.”“Nothing is working.” “Are you saying it is my fault”“You don't love me anymore.” “Of course I do. That's why I'm here.”“We are always in a hurry.” “We are not. Friday we were relaxed.”“I want more romance.” “Are you saying I am not romantic”[6] You can see how a “literal” translation of a woman's words could easily mislead a man who is used to using speech as a means of conveying only facts and information. You can also see how a man's responses might lead to an argument. Unclear and unloving communication is the biggest problem in relationships. The number one complaint women have in relationships is: “I don't feel heard.”[7] Even this complaint is misunderstood and misinterpreted![8] A man's literal translation of “I don't feel heard” leads him to take the woman's complaint lightly. He thinks he has heard her if he can repeat what she has said. A correct translation of a woman saying “I don't feel heard” is:“I feel as though you don't fully understand what I really mean to say or care about how I feel. Would you show me that you are interested in what I have to say”[9] If a man really understood her complaint, then he would argue less and be able to respond more positively. When men and women are on the verge of arguing, they generally misunderstand each other. At such times, it is important to rethink or translate what they have heard.说着不同的语言1 当火星人和金星人最初相聚时，也遇到了我们目前存在的许多人际关系问题。
《研究生英语读写译教程》(第二版)练习参考答案及参考译文
《研究生英语读写译教程》(第二版)练习参考答案及参考译文《讨论生英语读写译教程》（其次版）练习参考答案及参考译文（注：其次版惟独第六单元为全新单元，其余单元只是有些调节。
）各单元练习答案UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH. COMPREHENSION1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open.)2 Life was tough –he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer.4 Jobs’ first story tells that the dots will somehow connect in your future. (What you have learned/experienced might help in your future career.)5 He was publicly out. (The company that he and Woz established dismissed him.) The fact that he still loved what he did made him start over again.6 He has learned a good lesson from his failure.7 Do the things we love to do.8 Open.9 Open.10 Open. (We should always want more, never be content and when we want to do something that others say is foolish, do it anyway.)VOCABULARY AND STRUCTUREA1 naively2 curiosity3 combination4 let down5 vision6 baton7 creative8 mirror9 trap 10 inventionB1 drowned out2 tuition3 Commencement4 deposit5 typography6 make way for7 animation8 intuition9 destination 10 divergeC1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out。
全新版大学英语第二版第二册Unit2课文译文及参考答案
一个疑惑不解的小孩提的一个问题促使卡尔·格林思考：虽然他没有贵重的财物，但他在其他许多方面却是富有的。
富足的一生卡尔·格林首次面对这个问题，是在2003年12月初，我第一次为救世军摇铃募捐的时候。
当时我就站在沃尔玛商场入口处门外，对每一位向我的红壶里投入捐款的人都报以一声“谢谢”和一个微笑。
一位穿着整洁的妇人牵着她的幼子向放壶的台子走过来。
她在钱包里摸着找钱时，孩子抬头看了我一眼，问我：“你穷吗？”当时他眼里充满疑惑和好奇，时至今日仍历历在目。
“嗯，”我结结巴巴，边想边回答，“我比有些人拥有的多，但比其他人拥有的少。
”母亲因为孩子问了一个在社交上不该问的问题，训斥了他一顿，他俩便匆匆地赶去购物。
但是孩子的问题却一直在我的心头挥之不去。
我从不认为自己“穷”，但有些事我不可否认。
每当我填1040税务申报表时，我都属于收入最低的档次之一。
在过去的三十五年中，我只出去度过一次假。
我的电视机是黑白的，还是八年前别人送给我的。
然而，想要得到其他那么多人都有的物质的东西，对我来说，只不过是转瞬即逝的念头而已。
我的汽车是1999年的产品，到现在开了十万五千英里，已经很破很旧了，但是它依然可靠。
我的住房不大，但是很安静，住着挺舒心。
我的衣服很适合于我的工作，主要都在户外。
我对计算机的很少的需求，可以在图书馆得到解决。
尽管有些东西我没有，我并不感到贫穷。
这是为什么？五十三年来我一直非常健康。
我不但不生病，而且精力充沛，情绪饱满。
锻炼对我而言是确确实实的快事，我乐意长距离步行，越走越有劲。
我喜爱步行后随之产生的一种“什么都干得了”的心态。
我还十分珍惜我的创作才能。
当我写出美丽的诗句或编造出能把人逗乐的笑话时，我内心感到很富有。
通过写作而获得的洞察力，不断地令我惊奇。
而与那么多写作朋友交谈，是我乐趣的主要源泉之一。
但是在我生活中，有一个重要方面我并不那么富有。
在一个对物资财富的追求投入如此之多心力的社会中，我觉得很不自在。
学术英语（社科）Unit2二单元原文及翻译
学术英语（社科）Unit2二单元原文及翻译第一篇：学术英语(社科)Unit2二单元原文及翻译UNIT 2 Economist1.Every field of study has its own language and its own way of thinking.Mathematicians talk about axioms, integrals, and vector spaces.Psychologists talk about ego, id, and cognitive wyers talk about venue, torts, and promissory estoppel.每个研究领域都有它自己的语言和思考方式。
数学家谈论定理、积分以及向量空间。
心理学家谈论自我、本能、以及认知的不一致性。
律师谈论犯罪地点、侵权行为以及约定的禁止翻供。
2.Economics is no different.Supply, demand, elasticity, comparative advantage, consumer surplus, deadweight loss—these terms are part of the economist’s language.In the coming chapters, you will encounter many new terms and some familiar words that economists use in specialized ways.At first, this new language may seem needlessly arcane.But, as you will see, its value lies in its ability to provide you a new and useful way of thinking about the world in which you live.经济学家也一样。
外研社学术英语(第二版)综合Unit 2 (教师用书U2
Unit 2 EconomicsI Teaching ObjectivesAfter learning Unit 2, students (Ss) are expected to develop the following academic skills and knowledge:II Teaching Activities and ResourcesReadingText ALead-inTeaching StepsAsk Ss to work in pairs and do the task in Lead-in. Then invite several Ss to share their answers with the whole class.Answer Keys1.The invisible hand.2.Our economic life is made possible by the skill and labor of vast numbers of totalstrangers.The activities of countless far-flung men and women have to be intricately choreographed and precisely timed. However, no one coordinates it, and yet they do cooperate. It’s “the invisible hand” —the mysterious power that leads innumerable people, each working for his own gain, to promote ends that benefit many. Out of the seeming chaos of millions of uncoordinated private transactions emerges the spontaneousText AnalysisTeaching Steps1.OverviewAsk Ss to preview Text A before class. Or, allocate some time for Ss to read the text quickly in class. Then invite several Ss to summarize the main idea of Text A.2.In-Depth Analysis1)Show Ss the following words and ask them to contribute to the class as muchas possible with what they know about these words. Provide additional information in Supplementary Information when necessary.•the invisible hand•free-market economy•economic downturn•An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations2)Explain some important language points in Language Support to Ss.3)Discuss with Ss the invisible hand in the author’s eyes by doing Task 1 inCritical reading and thinking.4)Organize a group discussion about the questions from Task 2 in Criticalreading and thinking. Encourage Ss to think independently, critically and creatively and share their ideas with each other.Supplementary Information1.free-market economyIn a free market economy, the laws and forces of supply and demand, rather than a central government, regulate production and labor. The prices for goods and services are self-regulated by buyers and sellers negotiating in an open market.Most companies and resources are not owned by the state. Instead, they are owned by private individuals or entities who are free to trade contracts with each other. 2.economic downturnAn economic downturn is a general slowdown in economic activity over a sustained period of time. It occurs when the value of stocks, property, and commodities fall, productivity either grows more slowly or declines, and GDP shrinks, stands still or expands more slowly. It can happen in a specific region (e.g.the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s) or on a global scale (e.g. the global financial crisis in the late 2000s). The main features of an economic downturn include rising unemployment, falling share and house prices, low consumer confidence and declining investment.4．An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations（《国富论》）An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is Adam Smith’s masterpiece. It was first published in 1776, and is widely considered to be the first modern work in economics. Through reflection over the economics at the beginning of theIndustrial Revolution, the book touches upon broad topics such as the division of labor, productivity and free markets.Language Support1.Individual buyers and sellers will act according to what is in their own bestinterests. (Para. 2)The phrase “in one’s interest” means “for one’s benefit or advantage”（为了……的利益；为……着想）. There are some relevant expressions, such as “in the interest of one”, “in one’s own interest”, and “in one’s best interest”.e.g. It’s obviously in their interest to increase profits.I suspect it’s in your own best interest to quit now.2.Customers are likewise typically looking out for their self-interests. (Para. 4)The word “likewise” is used to signal a comparison that explains how things are similar（同样的；此外）.e.g. In this episode, we will likewise deal with another extremely commonquestion.Just water these plants twice a week, and likewise the ones in the bedroom.Other special words and expressions are often used to signal the comparison of two or more people, places, things, ideas, etc. Here are some examples of these signposts for your reference:similarly, both, just as, and also, resemble, parallel, in the same manner, inthe same way, alike, equally3.The market becomes more efficient as buyers and sellers move in the samedirection—as if directed by an invisible hand. (Para. 5)这里的as if用于省略句。
全新版大学英语综合教程2(第二版)UNIT3课后语句翻译
Text AProfessor Hawking thinks it important to keep everybody in touch withwhat science is about. In this article he explains why.霍金教授认为使每个人都了解科学是干什么的非常重要。
在这篇文章中，他对其中的缘由作了解释。
Public Attitudes Toward ScienceStephen Hawking1 Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a greatdeal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more inthe next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go backto what they see as a purer and simpler age. But as history shows, thepast was not that wonderful. It was not so bad for a privileged minority,though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth washighly risky for women. But for the vast majority of the population, lifewas nasty, brutish, and short.公众科学观斯蒂芬·霍金无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去一百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的一百年里可能变化更多。
学术英语作文视听说2第二版课后答案
学术英语作文视听说2第二版课后答案（中英文实用版）Academic English Essay Writing II (2nd Edition) Answer KeyUnit 1: The Writing ProcessExercise 1.1:1.Topic: The Impact of Social Media on T eenagersthesis statement: This essay will discuss the negative effects of social media on teenagers" mental and emotional health.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to social media and its prevalence among teenagers- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The negative impact of social media on self-esteem and body image- The role of social media in the spread of cyberbullying- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- Call to action for parents and policymakersExercise 1.2:1.Topic: The Importance of Exercise for a Healthy Lifestylethesis statement: This essay will argue that regular exercise is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to the importance of a healthy lifestyle- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The benefits of regular exercise on physical health- The role of exercise in mental health and stress reduction- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- Recommendations for incorporating exercise into daily routinesUnit 2: Types of EssaysExercise 2.1:1.Topic: The Impact of Technology on Educationthesis statement: This essay will examine the positive and negative effects of technology on education.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to the role of technology in education- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The advantages of technology in enhancing learning experiences- The potential drawbacks of over-reliance on technology in education- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- The need for a balanced approach to technology in education Exercise 2.2:1.Topic: The Importance of Diversity in the Workplacethesis statement: This essay will discuss the benefits of having a diverse workforce in modern organizations.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to the concept of diversity in the workplace- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The positive impact of diversity on innovation and creativity- The role of diversity in improving problem-solving and decision-making processes- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- The need for organizations to actively promote diversity and inclusionUnit 3: Writing Effective ParagraphsExercise 3.1:1.Topic: The Causes and Effects of Climate Changethesis statement: This essay will explore the causes and consequences of climate change.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to climate change and its significance- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The main causes of climate change, such as greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation- The effects of climate change, including rising sea levels and extreme weather events- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- The urgency of taking action to mitigate climate change Exercise 3.2:1.Topic: The Impact of Globalization on Cultural Identitythesis statement: This essay will analyze the effects of globalization on cultural identity.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to the concept of globalization and its influence on cultures- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The homogenization of cultures due to globalization, such as the spread of McDonald"s and Western fashion- The preservation of cultural identity in the face of globalization, through the efforts of cultural organizations and individuals- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- The need for a balanced approach to globalization that respects and preserves cultural diversityUnit 4: Writing Effective EssaysExercise 4.1:1.Topic: The Role of Women in Societythesis statement: This essay will examine the changing roles of women in society.2.Outline:- Introduction- General introduction to the historical context of women"s roles- Thesis statement- Body Paragraphs- The progress made by women in education and the workforce- The ongoing challenges faced by women in terms of gender equality- Conclusion- Recap of the main points- The importance of continue。
学术英语课后答案 unit2
Unit 2 Searching for InformationI. Teaching ObjectivesIn this unit, you will learn how to:1.search for reliable and better source materials for your research2.find your information by scanning and skimming3.identify topic sentences for a general idea in the paragraph4.guess word meaning through context clues and affixes5.read fast by following the organization of the text6.be a critical reader7.take notes effectively8.write a summary for what you have read9.enhance language skills with the help of the reading and listening materials presented in this unit II. Teaching Procedures1 Finding reliable and better sourcesTask 1Answers may vary.Task 2Answers may vary.Task 3Answers may vary.2 Scanning and skimmingTask 11 Artificial intelligence.2 The article may argue for/against the idea that artificial intelligence will replace human jobs in the future.3 The story tells that computerization threatens to replace many white-collar jobs.4 The author is optimistic and may not agree that machines will replace human jobs.5 The specter of automation unemploying us all may have finally arrived.6 But the mass job shrinkage that these observers all expected did not come.7 Yet Americans as a whole were not automated out of work. (Para.8, L1)Yet, through all that, more new jobs appeared. (Para.11, L2)8 Man will not lose jobs because there will always be demands of a new economy.9 The neighbor would prefer to order the shoes from machine-handling factories.10 Saving will lead to spending which in turn will create newer, perhaps better jobs tomorrow.3 Identifying topic sentences for informationTask 11 Pieced together, the topic sentences form a short, coherent paragraph or essay.2 a) Paragraph 2b) Paragraph 11Task 21 Game theory is the science of strategy.（Para.1）2 Games are fundamentally different from decisions made in a neutral environment.（Para.3）3 The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies.（Para.4）4 A general principle for a player in a sequential-move game is to look ahead and reason back. （Para.5）5 In contrast to the linear chain of reasoning for sequential games, a game with simultaneous moves involves a logical circle.（Para.7）6 Another way to make threats credible is to employ the adventuresome strategy of brinkmanship—deliberately creating a risk that if other players fail to act as one would like them to, the outcome will be bad for everyone.（Para.17）Task 31 Paragraph 12 Paragraph 5 to 103 Paragraph 12 to 194 Guessing word meaningTask 12 immutable (Para.4, L2): 不变的Context clues: who realized that space is not an immutable stage on which events play out3 trampoline (Para.4, L4): 蹦床，弹床Context clues: responding much as a trampoline does to a jumping child4 malleable (Para.4, L5): 有弹性和延伸性的Context clues: In fact, so malleable is space that, according to the math, the size of the universe necessarily change over time.5 stay put (Para.4, L7): 不动的Context clues: The fabric of space must expand or contact—it can’t stay put.6 flew in the face (Para.5, L4): 敢于违抗Context clues: It flew in the face of the prevailing wisdom.7 stalemate (Para.6, L2): 僵局Context clues: A static situation, like a stalemate in a tug of war8 repulsive (Para.6, L5): 排斥的Context clues: a counterbalancing force would need to provide a repulsive push9 antigravity (Para.7, L2): 排斥力Context clues: antigravity—a gravitational force that pushes instead of pulls10 exodus (Para.8, L3): 大批离开Context clues: And the best explanation for this cosmic exodus came directly.11 supernovae (Para.11, L2): 由于爆炸而突然变亮的星Context clues: distant supernovae—exploding stars so brilliant they can be seen clear acrosscosmos12 garner (Para.13, L5): 获得、得到Context clues: would have garnered him another Nobel Prize13 perplexing (Para.14, L5): 令人不解的Context clues: Perhaps most perplexing of all is a question of quantitative detail.Task 22 unprecedented (Para.1, L1): un-precedented 史无前例的3 self-replicating (Para.1, L6): self-replicating 自我复制的4 diameter (Para.3, L2): dia-meter 直径5 assembler (Para.10, L1): assembl-er 装配器6 contaminant (Para.13, L3): con-taminant 污染物7 non-renewable (Para.13, L6): non-renewable 不可再用的8 foreseeable (Para.14, L2): foresee-able 可预见到的9 exotic (Para.14, L2): exot-ic 非本地，奇异的10 dissipate (Para.14, L6): dis-sipate 消失Task 3Derivatives Affixes or roots Meaning More Words1 multidiscipline multi- many or several Multicolor multistepsmultiform multipurpose2 nanotechnology nano-one of a thousandmillion nanorobot nanomachine nanoscopic nanostructure3 convergence vergcon-incline tojoindivergence vergeconcordconcourse conferate4 construct struct build or make structure reconstructdestruct obstructsubstructure5 manufacture man-,manu-fact by handmakemanuscript manualmanage manipulatefactory facture6 interdisciplinary inter-between or among agroup of things or people interplay interweave interdependent interaction7 insulator insul-protect sth. from insulate insular insularityunpleasant knowledge peninsula8 semiconductor semi-duct- partly but not completelyleadsemiconscious semiofficialsemitropical conductinduct9 microprocessors micro-extremely small microwavemicrocomputermicroscope micrometer 10 simultaneouosly simul-in common simulator simulationsimultaneity simulate11 reverse vers,vert turn obversion inversesubversion convert12 automatical auto Work by oneself;relating to oneself automate autonomous automobile autobiography5 Using the organization of the textTask 1organization paragraphs Introduction Para.1What The definition ofnanotechnology nanotechnology Para.2 nanometer Para.3 nanoscale Para.4How The waynanotechnology worksParas.5-11How The applications ofnanotechnologymedical industry Para.12environment Para.13other fields Para.14 conclusion Para.15Task 21 The writer develops his main ideas about global warming mainly through the structure of cause-and-effect.2 The writer illustrates the effects of global warming through the structure of classification.3 The effects are arranged from the most obvious to least obvious, and signal words include: themost prominent effect of global warming; another area affected by global warming; a third type of evidence of global warming.4 Four types. They are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluocarbons.5 Paragraph 11 follows the pattern of problem-and-solution. The signal words are “a common problem that arises is”, “needs to take action now”.6 Reading criticallyTask 1The tone of one’s writing indicates their feelings and attitude toward the topic being discussed. It reveals whether they are being playful or serious, humorous or somber, whether they are angry or tranquil, bitter or confident. Through tone, their attitude toward what they are writing about and their relationship to their readers become clear.Controlling tone is largely a matter of selecting words and sentences, and choosing details so as to serve the purpose of writing well. Now let’s consider the following sentences which you write to tell two facts:The sales of vitamin E have doubled in the past five years. The increase in sales has been helped by the statements from health food enthusiasts and doctors.1 Combined into a single one, sentence 1 is impartial in tone because it doesn’t reveal your attitude. Impartial and toneless sentences are what you want to write if you either have no opinion or want to seem factual and objective, rather than personal and subjective.2 Strong in tone and clear in attitude: sentence 2 reflects your belief that vitamin E sales have surged because of a deceptive and misleading advertisement campaign. If you feel the sentence is too strong, too opinionated, perhaps even biased, you may suggest your feelings instead of stating them directly.3 By using the words—freaks and quack, this version can make your reader sense not only your reservation about the worth of the vitamin but also your contempt of those who promote it. But the tone is so strong that your reader may consider it exaggerated and may even question its truth.4 This version is more suggestive and less explicit, though your attitude is still negative because “faddists” (unlike enthusiasts) are a word with unfavorable associations and because claims “(unlike statements)” encourage the reader to doubt their truth.5 By inserting the detail that only a few doctors make claims for vitamin, the version seems biased as the tone is stronger.6 The phrase “some doctors” implies that there is another group of doctors who have made no claims for the vitamin and who may perhaps reject such claims.7 Th e word “even” suggests your surprise that doctors, who should know better, have made such foolish claims, thus further weakens the support of the doctors without making your statement seem exaggerated or biased.8, 9 Tone not only can be controlled by the choice of words and details but also by the choice of structures. Sentence 8 and 9 make the implied criticism more forceful as the negative words or phrases have been moved to their beginning or end position, the position which is more emphatic for one’s opinion.10, 11, 12 The three sentences are not critical but favorable in tone toward the increased sales ofvitamin E, because “experts” seem more trustworthy than “enthusiasts” and both “reports” and “testimony” carry more weight than mere “statements”.13, 14 The two sentences have a positive tone because the phrase “a number of doctors” sounds more impressive than “a few” or “some doctors”. And “a number of leading doctors” are supposed to be more reliable, though not as reliable as “leading medical authorities”.15, 16, 17 The three sentences are less formal and more personal than the previous sentences as the first-person view “I” is adopted to personalize their tone.18, 19 The two sentences are more informal as the closer relationship between yourself and the reader is established by asking questions.20, 21 By addressing the reader as “you”, the sentences are more informal and personal.22 The informality of your writing will be increased by contractions, slang, and short, simple words instead of longer, more complex ones.Task 21 Text 9 addresses readers with some knowledge of global warming, because the author argues with strong evidence and reasons, quoting experts more frequently and trying to be impartial and impersonal by choosing more exact wording. On the contrary Text 10 talks to general readers, evidenced by using more definitions and easier language such as figurative speech. It is an essay charged with strong emotion.2 Text 10.3 No. Text 9 illustrates the effects of global warming with strong evidence and reasons, showing that the author tries to be objective and impersonal.4 No. These words lack preciseness. Text 9 tries to be more objective, quoting experts more frequently and avoiding showing strong personal emotion.5 Text 9 quotes Roger Revelle, an oceanographer, Jacques Chirac, French president, Al Gore, Vice president of USA, Ross Gelbspan, an author of a book about Earth’s climate change from global warming, Schneider, from the National Center of Atmospheric Research, and Elmer Robinson, the director of Mauna Loa Observatory. The quotation of those experts and authorities make the arguments more convincing.6 The criticism of Text 9 avoids being subjective and personal and resorts to more authorities and cold reasoning, hence it is more objective.7 Text 9. The use of the first-person view and figurative speech is often considered informal and less serious.8 Text 9, because the author uses more quotations from experts and authorities and less emotional words than Text 10.7 Taking notesTaskTitle: Global Warming and Its EffectsAuthor(s): Nicolas DallevaSource: Main ideas: The essay mainly talks about the effects and causes of global warming.Main findings or ideas: Global warming have negative effects on climate changes, survival of animals, development of plants, people’s health and global economy. There are two major causes for global warming: burning of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases.8 Writing a summaryTask 1The source material uses a story of identical twins to illustrate the idea that apart from the important role the genes play in the development of an individual, their environmental experience also affects their traits greatly. The summary grasps the idea without details of the story.Task 22 History has demonstrated that technology affects education profoundly. Considering the definition of technology broadly, one may say that prehistoric people used primitive technologies to teach skills to their young.3 Psychology can be divided into several important theories. Behaviourists emphasize the role of environment in shaping one’s behavior, while cognitivists explain behavior by analyzing mental processes. Freudians and humanists are more concerned with exploring behavior through the personality whereas social constructivists connect individual behavior to its social-historic context.Task 3Title: Global Warming and Its EffectsAuthor(s): Nicolas DallevaSource: Summary: According to Nicolas Dalleva, global warming has become a great challenge to human beings, for it not only affects the climate change and leads to the decrease of the number of animals per species, but also affects the agricultural growth. Dalleva believes that the burning offossil fuels is the culprit of global warming because it releases greenhouse gases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The other gases like methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluocarbons are also the causes of the greenhouse effect. In Dalleva’s opinion, despite the worldwide efforts, people do not take the issue seriously and do not realize that global warming will also exerts a negative effect on economy and health. He calls for, therefore, a stronger joint effort to prevent global warming. (134 words)Task 4Lecture 6Since the industrial revolution, people’s private sphere have been separated from their working places. Institutions like offices, factories and schools impose isolation on people who are blocked to their privacy sphere at work or at school. Now people try to break the isolation and seek intimacy with high-tech communication tools like facebook, skype, cell phones and emails. The tools enable people to gain comfort and warmth from close friends or families. (72 words) Lecture 7The Kepler Mission is to search for planets by measuring the starlight, through which we can learn about how stars and planets interact to form their eco-system and whether there exist life in other planets or whether they are suitable for life living. In over two years of its operations, over 1,200 potential new planetary systems have been found around other stars. Apart from that, the Kapler also tries to find the size of a planet and how the distance from its parent star. It also observes the effects of our sun’s magnetic activity. (94 words)Lecture 8Traditionally, doctors treat cancers by attacking individual cells. By identifying separate forms cancer cells without molecule test or gene sequencing, however, we can’t understand how the whole cancer system works. Thus the effect of this method is very limited. After exchanging thoughts with Danny, the speaker came up with a new strategy. That is the combination of atypical drugs, computer modeling and protein analysis. It may become one of the most effective ways to treat cancers. (76 words)Lecture 9Mammography is the most common way to detect breast cancer. However, with the increase of breast density, it would be harder to find cancer through X-ray. Dr. Deborah Rhodes has developed a new tool for tumor detection, which is three times as effective as traditional mammograms. What’s more, it is cheaper than other technology. But her research was rejected for by jo urnals, because it is so cheap that the producers of traditional mammograms won’t be happy to see it. Furthermore, there are also some political forces keeping it from the market. (91 words)Task 5Answers may vary.9 Enhancing your academic languageReading: Text 51 Match the words with their definitions.1 e2 h3 a4 g5 c6 b7 j8 f9 d 10 i2 Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 automation2 occupational3 immigrant4 uplift5 displacement6 hand-crafted7 ranched8 nutritious9 involved 10 assembly 11 yield 12 incredible 13 optimism 14 mob 15 professional 16 labeled 17 analyst 18 surplus 19 harbor 20 columnist 21 virtual 22 revolutionary 23 lace 24 undercut 25 barter26 litigable 27 specter 28 sift 29 pot3 Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentences patterns listed above.increasingly important role （越来越重要的作用）tasks humans prefer not to do, or are unable to do（那些人类不愿做或不能做的事）and the like（以及诸如此类的事）settle man’s anxieties（解决人类的担忧）Some questions are raised（问题提了出来）4 Translate the following sentences from Text5 into Chinese.1 最近在《纽约时报》上刊登的一篇文章谈到了一种新计算机软件，该软件瞬间就能筛选数以千计的法律文件并寻找到那些可诉讼的条款，为律师们节省了花费在阅读文件上的数百小时。
学术交流英语教程汉译英
P1951、我是X大学外国语学院副教授。
近日从网上得知，“第五届国际跨文化交流研讨会”将于2004年3月在牛津大学举办。
我对参加这次会议非常感兴趣，因为我以从事这方面研究多年。
I’m an associate professor in the foreign language college of X university. In recent, I learned from the website that “the 5th international inter-culture munication seminar”will be held in March 2004 in Oxford . I’m very much interested in attending this conference because I have been studying in this field for many years.2、我从会议的第一轮通知上得知，将于明年在哈佛举行的“IEA2004”的会议主题是网络与教育的关系问题，这正是我近几年来的研究兴趣所在。
I learned from the first round notice that the theme of “IEA2004”conference that will be held in Harvard next year is about the relationship between network and education, which is just a focus of my research in recent years.3、请您把我的个人资料收入会议的数据库并把我的地址列入“通迅名录”。
希望能及时收到所有关于这一会议的进一步信息。
Please put my personal information into the database of conference and include my address in “address list”. I’m looking forward to receiving any further information in relation to this conference in time.4、我已接到论文被采用的通知和出席会议的正式邀请，并已于2月20日在网上正式注册参加会议，但至今尚未得到任何会议资料。
学术交流英语2
(NOT “Introduce my result.” That is BAD!!)
– What is the research result you will focus on? – What should listeners get from the talk? – Good: objective, quantitative data like numbers – Bad: qualitative, subjective words like “big”, “good” – May include technical terms you will define in your talk
• Take turns with your partner saying the terms out loud to each other
– Look for problem sounds in the term (e.g. “th”, r-l-n) and be sure you pronounce them well – Be sure of the syllable stress (Remember the problems with “image” & “mechanism”!) – Speak confidently!
B. Analyze the purpose of the talk.
Done in first class of course: “Prove that you can present a research result well in English”
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学术交流英语教程第二版第2版王文宇翻译答案P38 汉译英（1）我们在你们的主页中了解到你们是专门研究是专门研究X的，这正是我们目前研究的领域。
如果有可能我们愿意与你们交换研究资料并邀请你们到我实验室进行学术访问。
我方将设法为你们的来访和我们之间未来的合作所需的手续提供便利。
We have learned from your homepage that you are specialized in X, what we are doing now. If possible, we are willing to exchange research materials with you and invite you to our laboratory for academic visit. We will try to facilitate your visit and the necessary procedures for future cooperation between us.（2）来自南京的问候！我和您曾在上周伦敦“X国际研讨会”上见过面，当时我们就双方实验室研究工作做了交流，并简单讨论了未来合作的可能性。
今致此邮件，进一步介绍一下我们的研究团队和我们目前的一些研究课题。
希望您也能给我们提供一个有兴趣与我方建立联系的人员名单。
Greetings from Xiangtan! We met last week at the International panel discussion of X Conference in London，we talked about the laboratory research work of both sides and briefly discussed the possibility of future cooperation. With this email I would like to further introduce our team and some projects we are doing. We sincerely hope you can also recommend a list of members that would like establish a contact with us.（3）我系将负责安排您在南京期间的活动并为您支付在南京的全部费用。
请您尽早发来您的访华行程表，以便我们了解您计划来宁的日期并为您到南京大学访问做好准备工作。
Our department will be in charge of the arrangement of your trip in Xiangtan and pay all expenses for your stay in Xiangtan. Please send us your schedule for your visit to China as early as possible so that we can know the date of your planned to come and make preparations for your visit to Xiangtan University.（4）我们愿意接受贵系系主任的热情邀请，拟下月底对贵系进行友好访问。
此行主要目的是加强两系之间的联系并探讨进一步合作的可能性。
希望解释我们两系的教师能有机会在一起讨论我们共同感兴趣的问题。
We are willing to accept the warm invitation from the head of your department and plan to pay a friendly visit to your department at the end of next month. The main purpose of this trip is to strengthen the ties between the two departments and explore the possibility of further cooperation. I hope to explain that the teachers of our two departments will have the opportunity to discuss issues of common interest together.（5）我们对你实验室目前正做的关于X的试验特别感兴趣，因为我们这几年也在搞这方面的研究。
上周在《科学》杂志上看到了你们的最新进展。
这一信息促使我想和你们立刻取得联系，以探讨是否有为达到同一目标而进行协作的可能性。
We are particularly interested in the experiment on X being carried out in your laboratory at present, because we have also been studying about this field in recent years. last week ,I saw your latest progress in the magazine of Science. This information prompted me to contact you immediately to explore the possibility of collaboration for one goal.（6）访美期间，您在百忙之中盛情接待我们并为我们的行程进行了周密安排，使此次美国之行颇富成效，我对此十分感谢。
During this visit to the United States, you received us with great kindness despite busy schedule and made a careful arrangements for our journey. This made the trip to USA very productive, and I appreciate it greatly.（7）我是南京大学政府管理学院的博士候选人。
在我的导师王浩瀚教授的建议下，现将我的博士论文的提纲和部分文献综述寄给您并请您阅读。
您在这一领域是世界著名的专家，对这一方面的研究进展十分熟悉，您若能在百忙之中给我提些建议并为我列出尚需研读的书目，我将不胜感激并感到非常荣幸。
I am a doctoral candidate from the school of government management of Xiangtan University. At the suggestion of my tutor, Professor Wang Haohan, I am sending you the outline of my doctoral thesis and some literature review for your reading. As a world famous expert in this field, you are very familiar with the research progress in this field. I would be very grateful and honored if you could give me somesuggestions in your busy schedule and list the bibliographies for me to study.P54汉译英（1）我于2012年获得文学硕士学位，目前是北京大学历史系博士生。
我从目前正在贵校做访问学者的林勇先生那里得知，你们的X研究所尚可接收外国学者做下一年度的博士后研究。
随函寄上我的履历表和推荐函，希望我的条件符合你们的要求。
如需了解情况，可按我的电子邮箱地址随时与我联系。
I received my master of Arts Degree in 2012，and now I am a doctoral student in the History Department of Peking University. I know from Mr. Lin Yong, who is visiting your university, that your institute of X can still accept foreign scholars for post doctoral research in the next year. I am enclosing my resume and letter of recommendation and hope my qualifications meet your requirements. For information, please contact me at any time through my email address.（2）我已于去年通过英语水平测试而获得了中国政府提供的到英国做一年访问学者的机会，访学的旅费和生活费全部由我国政府承担。
目前我正在寻求一所可以接受我做访问学者的学校。
最近我从网上注意到您作为系主任的人类学系几位教授的研究领域正是我的兴趣所在。
因此我非常希望您能为我提供这一机会。
I passed the English Proficiency Test last year, and Chinese government gave me an opportunity to be a visiting scholar in the UK for one year. The travel and living expenses in this visit would be charged by the Chinese government. So now, I am looking for a school that can accept me. Recently, I observed from the Internet that the research fields studied by several professors in the Department of anthropology lead by you are exactly what I am interested in. So I greatly look forward that you can provide me with this opportunity.（3）我优先考虑前往贵实验室访学的机会，因为我本人和我的团队近年所做的工作与你们的几个课题非常相近。