冯庆华《实用翻译教程》(第3版)配套题库(含考研真题)第三章 句法翻译【圣才出品】

第三章句法翻译

3.1 换序译法

一、将下列词组和句子翻译成汉语，注意语序的调整

1. a high red brick wall

【译文】一堵红砖高墙

2. particles moving around their atomic nucleus

【译文】环绕原子核运动的粒子

3. a building project of high-rise apartment houses

【译文】一个多层公寓大楼的建筑项目

4. small and medium-sized countries

【译文】中小国家

5. quite an attractive triangle green stamp

【译文】非常吸引人的一枚绿色的三角邮票

6. After spending $1.5 bn so far this year on acquisitions such as , a fast-growing online community, and IGN Entertainment, a games and content

site, Mr. Murdoch disputed the recent claim by Sir Martin Sorrell, chief executive of WPP, that some traditional media owners were panic buying new media assets. 【译文】迄今为止，默多克先生已花费15亿美元进行收购，如收购快速成长的网络社区，以及游戏和内容网站IGN Entertainment。默多克先生反驳了WPP首席执行官马丁索雷尔爵士最近的说法：一些传统媒体的所有者在恐慌性收购新媒体资产。【解析】原句中My ，IGN Entertainment，Martin Sorrell后面都跟有同位语，按照汉语习惯，翻译时应将同位语提前翻译，修饰名词。

7.It’s a bit fishy that he should have given away a mattress like that.

【译文】他竟然把那样的床垫送人，这可有点儿叫人怀疑。

8. The digits on the screen of the electronic watch tell us time.

【译文】电子表屏幕上的数字告诉我们时间。

9. Oxygen is a gas which unites with many substances.

【译文】氧是一种能和许多物质化合的气体。

10. He was not at ease with, those who made diplomacy their profession, particularly ambassadors.

【译文】他同那班以外交为职业的人特别是大使们搞不来。

11. The trend estimates available for maternal mortality indicates the lack of

sufficient progress towards Target A of MDG 5, which seeks a 75 per cent reduction in the maternal mortality ratio between 1990 and 2015.

【译文】千年发展目标第五项的具体目标A是到2015年孕产妇死亡率比1990年下降75%，但孕产妇死亡率的发展趋势表明目前还未取得长足进步。

【解析】原句为主从复合句，the trend estimates是主句的主语，谓语是indicates，主句中含有两个介词短语，第一个for maternal mortality作定语，另一个towards Target A of MDG 5作宾语补足语，之后是which引导的非限定性定语从句，并将时间状语between 1990 and 2015放在了句末。按照中文的行文习惯，次要信息在前，重心在后的原则，汉译时语序需做适当调整，故可采用倒置法。

12. The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor.

【译文】那个整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了。

【解析】这里将修饰the sun的非限制性定语从句前置翻译，使之更符合汉语表达习惯。

13. China still lags behind the advanced countries in terms of economic development.

【译文】从经济发展方向看，中国仍落后于先进国家。

14. It is popular for the fine views from the summit of the mountain.

【译文】从山顶远眺，湖光山色，尽收眼底；这儿风景绝佳，遐迩闻名。

【解析】原句被切分成三部分，或三个相对完整的翻译单位。from the summit of the mountain这一介词短语，译成汉语无主句的一个分句；for the fine views这一介词短语，

译成一个主谓结构，构成一个分句。译者从最后一个介词短语译起，倒着译到第二个介词短语，最后才译原句主谓结构。

15. You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself.

【译文】知己知彼，百战不殆。

16. I’m sure that it is a better book as a result of his keeping my nose to the grindstone.

【译文】我相信，要不是他逼我埋头修改工作，本书就不可能像现在这个样子了。

17. Also, we don’t want to rely on hue as the sole communication vector, since color-blindness is quite common.

【译文】此外，由于存在着色盲现象，因此我们也不能依赖颜色，把它当作是唯一的传达矢量。

18. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour

all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.

【译文】假如没有那些以昆虫为食的动物保护我们，昆虫会吞噬我们所有的庄稼，害死我们所有的牛羊家畜，使我们不能生存于世。