中国常驻联合国代表 Permanent Representative of the United Nations
模拟联合国关键英文词汇中英文对照
模拟联合国关键英文词汇中英文对照English-Chinese Translation of MUN Terminology1. Amendment [ə'men(d)m(ə)nt]修正案2. Badge [bædʒ]胸卡.3. Deprive [dɪ'praɪv] the right to rote 取消表决权4. Chair[tʃeə]主席......................5. Close the debate[dɪ'beɪt]结束辩论6. Director[dɪ'rektə; daɪ-]会议指导7. Delegate['delɪgət]代表8. Deputy ['depjʊtɪ]副代表9. Head [hed]Delegate ['delɪgət] 代表团团长，领队10. Faculty['fæk(ə)ltɪ]Advisor [əd'vaɪzə]代表团指导11. Delegation[delɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n] Bloc[blɒk]代表团.12. Distribution[dɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n]分发.13. Document ['dɒkjʊm(ə)nt] officer 文件分发.人员14. Drafting ['drɑːftɪŋ]committee [kə'mɪtɪ]起草委员会15. Draft [drɑːft] Resolution [rezə'luːʃ(ə)n]决议草案16. Draw[drɔː]lots[lɒts]抽签17. Elect [ɪ'lekt]by an absolute['æbsəluːt](a simple) majority[mə'dʒɒrɪtɪ]以绝对（简单）多数选出18. Emergency [ɪ'mɜːdʒ(ə)nsɪ] meeting 紧急会议19. Enjoy privileges ['prɪvlɪdʒ]享受特权20. Entry ['entrɪ]into force 开始生效21. Executive [ɪg'zekjʊtɪv; eg-] secretary['sekrɪt(ə)rɪ]执行秘书22. Exercise ['eksəsaɪz] the right of vote .行使表决权23. Expert ['ekspɜːt]专家24. Explain[ɪk'spleɪn; ek-] one’s rote 对所.投的票加以说明25. Extend[ɪk'stend; ek-] the term of office 延长任期26. Extraordinary[ɪkˈs trɔːdnri]session 特别会议27. Fill a vacancy['veɪk(ə)nsɪ]补缺28. Final ['faɪn(ə)l]report [rɪ'pɔːt]最后报告29. First ballot['bælət]第一次投票表决30. First priority[praɪ'ɒrɪtɪ]最优先项目31. Fix the timetable ['taɪmteɪb(ə)l] of the settings['sɛtɪŋ]安排各次会议的时间表32. Foot-note['fʊtnəʊt]脚注33. Gallery['gæl(ə)rɪ]旁听席34. General ['dʒen(ə)r(ə)l] committee[kə'mɪtɪ]总务.委员会35. General['dʒen(ə)r(ə)l] debate [dɪ'beɪt]一般性辩论36. Geographical[dʒɪə'græfɪk(ə)l]distribution[dɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n]按地域分配37. Give a ruling['ruːlɪŋ]作出裁定38. Give a warning['wɔːnɪŋ]警告.39. Give up one’s turn to speak in favour ['feɪvə] of 把自己的发言机会让给40. Give up the office t.o chairman['tʃeəmən]放弃主席的职务41. Go back upon a vote 重新表决.42. Governing body 执行机构43. Hand over the Chair to the Vice-chairman 让副主席担任主席..44. Have priority 有优先权45. Have the initiative 有倡议权46. Head of delegation 代表团团长47. Heading 标题48. Honorary president 名誉主席（会长）49. Host country 东道国50. I am authorized by my government 我受本国政府授权51. I ask for the floor 我请求发言52. I give the floor to 我请…（发言）53. I speak in my capacity of 我以…身份发言54. Immunities 豁免55. Implement the provisions of a Convention 实施公约的规定56. Impose a vote 行使否决权57. In a private capacity 以私人身份58. In an official capacity 以官方身份59. In an unofficial capacity 以非官方身份60. In the hands of chairman 听从主席决定61. Include in the agenda 列入议程62. Information desk 问讯处（台）63. Infringement 违反行为64. Initiate a discussion 进行讨论65. Instructions 指示、命令66. International instrument 国际文件（特指国际公约等）67. Interrupt a vote 中断表决68. Intervene in a debate 参加辩论69. Invite speakers to be brief 请发言人简明扼要些70. Invoke the chairman’s authority 请使用主席的权利71. Leave it to the decision of the majority 由多数决定72. Item on the agenda 议程项目73. Leave the matter to the chairman’s decision 把事情交由主席决定74. Legal adviser 法律顾问75. List of delegates 代表名单76. List of speakers 发言人名单77. Lobby 大厅、休息厅78. Maintain one’s candidature 保持候选资.格.79. Maintain order 维持秩序80. Make a personal statement 以个人名义发表声明.81. Memorandum 备忘录82. Merge together several amendments 把几个修正案合并起来83. Microphone 麦克风84. Minutes 会议记录85. Motion to Change the Speaking Time 动议更.改发言时间86. Motion for a Moderated Caucus 动议有主持核心商榷87. Motion for an Un-moderated Caucus 动议自由商榷88. Motion to Close Debate 动议结束辩论89. Move that a separate vote be taken 提议分开表决90. Move the closure of debate 动议结束辩论91. Negative vote 反对票92. Note 照会93. Note a statement 将一个声明载入记录94. Note a violation of the rules 指出对规则的破坏95. Object in principle 在原则上反对96. Observer 观察员97. Occupy the chair 担任主席98. Office 职务99. Official languages 正式语言100. Official meeting 正式会议101. Open a debate on procedure 开始程序问题的辩论102. Open the Speakers’List 产生发言名单103. Oppose a proposal 反对一个建议104. Original text 原文105. Overrule 驳回106. Page 意向条107. Participants 参加者108. Party to a convention 公约缔约国109. Pass a vote of censure 通过指责决议110. Permanent delegate 常人代表，常驻代表111. Placard 国家牌112. Place a statement on record 将一个声明载入纪录113. Place at the end of the agenda 列在议程末尾114. Platform 主席台115. Plenary assembly116. Plenipotentiary 全权代表117. Point of Inquiry 咨询性问题118. Point of Order 程序性问题119. Point of Personal Privilege 个人特权问题120. Position Paper .立场文件121. Postpone a vote .延期表决122. Postpone the discussion .推迟讨论123. Postpone to the next session(sitting). 延到.下一届（次）会124. Preamble 序言......................125. Preparatory committee 筹备委员会......................126. Preparatory meeting 预备会议127. President (submit) an amendment in writing 提出书面修正案128. Press gallery 新闻记者席129. Press releases 新闻稿......................130. Press-officer 新闻官......................131. Private meeting 秘密会议132. Proceed to the discussion of the articles 开始讨论条款133. Proceed to a second reading 进行二读134. Proceed to a vote .进行表决135. Programme of meetings 会议日程表136. Programme of work 工作日程137. Progress report 工作进展情况报告......................138. Protocol 议定书......................139. Provisional agenda 临时议程............................................140. Public gallery 公众旁听席......................141. Public meeting 公开会议142. Put a question to the vote 把问题付诸表决143. Put a written question 提出书面问题144. Put one’s name on the list of speakers 登记发言......................145. Questionnaire 调查表，问题单146. Raise a point of order 提出程序问题147. Raise an objection of principle 提出原则性的反对意见148. Rappotuer 主席助理，报告员149. Ratify a Convention 批准公约150. Recall the terms of the rules 忆及规则的条款151. Recommendation 建议152. Record in the minutes 列入会议记录153. Refer to existing traditions 参照现存惯例......................154. Refer to the text 参照原文......................155. Refuse an appointment 不接受责任、职务156. Refuse an office 不接受职务157. Refuse to take the initiative 拒绝带头......................158. Regional conference 规则（条例，规章）159. Remit to the appropriate committee 送交主管的委员会160. Renewal of term of office 连任161. Renounce the office of chairman 辞去主席的职务162. Report 报告......................163. Representation 代表权......................164. Representative 代表......................165. Request a legal opinion 征询法律意见......................166. Request the speaker to keep the point under discussion 请发言人不要离开主题167. Reservations 保留168. Reserve one’s right to answer at a later stage 保留以后再答复的权利169. Resolution 决议170. Resolution committee 决议委员会171. Restrict the time accorded to speakers 限制发言时间172. Resume a debate 继续辩论173. Resume a sitting 继续开会174. Resume the chairmanship 继续担任主席175. Right of vote 表决权176. Role Call 点名177. Rostrum 讲台178. Round table meeting 圆桌会议179. Rules 规则，法规180. Rules of procedure 议事规则181. Seat 座位182. Secret ballot 无记名投票183. Secretariat 秘书处184. Secretary General 秘书长185. Serve in (a Board) 在（理事会）中担任理事186. Set up a committee 设立一个委员会187. Signatory to a convention 公约签字国188. Signatory 附议国189. Sit on a committee 参加委员会为委员190. Setting the Agenda 确定议题191. Speak from one’s place 在坐席上发言192. Sponsor 起草国193. Stand adjourned 休会194. Stand for election 担任候选人195. Standing body 常设机构196. Statement 声明，发言197. Status 地位......................198. Statutes 章程......................199. Steering committee 指导委员会......................200. Sub-committee 小组委员会......................201. Sub-heading 小标题，副标题202. Submit a draft resolution 提出决议草案203. Submit to the rules governing…服从有关……的规则204. Subsidiary body 附属机构205. Substantive motion 实质行动议206. Substitute resolution 替代的决议207. Summary record 简要记录（纪要）208. Support a candidature 支持（某人）的候选资格209. Support a nomination 支持某个提名210. Suspend the rules 放弃对规则的适用211. Suspend the sitting 停止会议212. Take a decision upon a motion 对动议作出决定213. Take a stand for (against) a proposal 赞成（反对）214. Take into consideration 考虑到215. Take part in a poll 参加选举216. Take the floor 发言217. Take up the discussion 开始讨论218. Technical adviser 技术顾问219. Term of office 任期......................220. The list of speakers in closed 发言登记已截止221. The majority is obtained 获得多数......................222. The majority of members present and voting 出席并投票的成员多数223. The meeting is called to order 宣布会议开始......................224. The motion is adopted 动议获得通过......................225. The motion is rejected 动议被否决226. The requisite majority 必要的多数......................227. The result is final 结果是最后的228. To address the meeting 发言229. To be in office 在职230. To be in session 开会231. Treasurer 司库232. Treaty 条约233. Tri-partite 三方面......................234. Typewriting service pool 打字组......................235. Unanimous vote 一致同意236. Unofficial meeting 非正式会议............................................237. Valid ballot papers 有效票238. Verbatim record 逐字记录......................239. Verbatim reporters 速记人员......................240. Veto 否决241. Vice-Chairman 副主席242. Vice-Chairmanship 副主席......................243. Vice-Presidency 副会长244. Vice-President 副会长245. Vote 投票表决246. Vote by roll call 唱名表决247. Vote by show of hands 举手表决248. Vote indicator 表决指示牌......................249. Vote of thanks 大会申谢......................250. Vote on the motion as a whole 表决整个动议...................... 251. Vote without debate 不经辩论的表决......................252. Votes cast 已投的票数......................253. Waive the rules 放弃对规则的适用254. We have a quorum 我们已足法定人数255. Withdraw a proposal 撤回提案256. Withdraw one’s candidature 撤销候选人资格257. Working languages 工作人员......................258. Working paper 工作文件......................259. Yield Time to Another Delegate让渡给他国代表...................... 260. Yield Time to Questions让渡给问题261. Yield Time to Chair让渡给主席。
中级口译词汇
中级口译词汇。
中国常驻联合国代表Permanent Representative of China to the UnitedNations紧要关头pivotal moment业务伙伴business associate世界水平world-class status顶尖的，世界一流的state-of-the-art企业公民corporate citizen实时信息传递（网上聊天）狂潮the instant messaging craze好友名单 b uddy list风行pick up手机短信cellphone text messaging资产负债表balance sheet主导产品leading product帝国大厦the Empire State Building产值output value年均增长率average annual growth rate财富500强排名Fortune 500 list分公司subsidiaries垫底，排名最后bottom end全球500强Global 500上司公司publicly held companies(英国大学)校长Vice Chancellor理工学院polytechnic主要专业core discipline团圆饭reunion dinner增强凝聚力strengthen the sense of togetherness高级餐馆smart/posh restaurant短信拜年send new year greetings via text message秘书长Secretary-General常务副秘书长Deputy Secretary-General全体大会the General Assembly Session充满时代生计full of modern vitality名族风情folk customs交相辉映add radiance and charm to each other起到重要推动作用give a major push to经营部门operational sector受…委托进行be vested by联系成员associate member附属成员affiliate member演播室studio小巷alleyway小街back-streets营养学家dietitian低热量节食on a low-calorie diet国际烟草控制公约international treaty on tobacco control烟草控制框架公约Framework Convention on Tobacco Control控制…的蔓延curb the rapid spread of基层grass roots蹦极bungee-jump希腊共和国the Hellenic Republic致以三重敬意pay a triple homage顶点culmination兴奋剂doping大街小巷wide streets and narrow lanes古朴与现代primitive simplicity and latest modernity厚重与活力dignity and vigour千帆共舞countless sails ploughing through the blue sea万鼓齐鸣numerous drums sounding loudly绿色奥运，科技奥运，人文奥运Green, Hi-tech and People’s Olympics依法治国run the country according to the law依法行政administrate according to the law懈怠slack off / relent人亡政息failure of government推进政治体制改革press ahead with political reform村民自治self-administration in villages共产主义专制国家communist dictatorship中右派政党centre-right political party中共中央党校the Central School of the Chinese CommunistParty政治派别political persuasion具有中国血统claim Chinese ancestry选区electorate计划生育政策family planning policy男女性别失衡unbalanced sex ratio / gender imbalance多元化政策multivariate policy总生育率total fertility rate出生性别比sex ratio at birth / birth ratio / newborn ratio(人口素质)逆淘汰reverse selection of population quality老年扶养比elderly dependency ratio劳动适龄人口working-age population做好准备做be poised to人口替代率replacement rate加上，外加coupled with预期寿命life expectancy年龄中位数median age人口转型demographic transition负面影响adverse effects贫困impoverishment使…脱贫lift…out of poverty千年发展目标Millennium Development Goals艰苦的环境degrading environment国家人口与计划生育委员会National Population and Family Planning Commission 职能部门functionaries人口动态学population dynamics人口惯性population momentum人口金字塔population pyramid人口普查census人口统计学demography控制人口增长curb population growth卢森堡Luxembourg塞浦路斯Cyprus爱沙尼亚Estonia马耳他Malta斯洛伐克Slovakia经济总量total volume of the economy文莱Brunei缅甸Myanmar / Burma对话伙伴dialogue partners运转情况良好on a sound track自由贸易区Free Trade Bloc和平共处五项原则Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence互相尊重主权和领土完整mutual respect for sovereignty and territorialintegrity互不侵犯mutual non-aggression互不干涉内政non-interference in each other’s internal affairs 平等互利equality and mutual benefit和平共处peaceful coexistence外交为民do the diplomatic work for the people办实事do practical things全国人大委员长Chairman of the NPC政协主席Chairman of the CPPCC国家元首head of state政府首脑head of government议会外交inter-parliamentary diplomatic activities军队外交military-to-military diplomatic activities全国妇联All China Women’s Federation全国总工会All China Federation of Trade Unions友好城市关系twin-city relations驻外外交机构diplomatic missions abroad“感动中国十大人物” the top 10 most inspirational figures for China“XXXXX” China threat theory国防开支national defense expenditure联合国安理会the UN Security Council常任理事国permanent member of the Security Council维护和平的坚定力量 a staunch force for peace倾销dumping反倾销协议Anti-Dumping Agreement对…加收进口关税charge extra import duty on消除对…的损害remove the injury to…外向型经济export-oriented economy贸易争端/摩擦trade dispute / friction劳动密集型产业labour-intensive industry夕阳产业sunset industry国际货币组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)关税总协定GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs andTrade)依据规则、成员驱动的组织rules-based member-driven organization多边贸易机制multi-lateral trading system集团bloc专家组panel of experts上诉报告appeal report反补贴措施countervailing measures消除贸易壁垒eliminate trade barriers小康社会 a moderately prosperous society使生活更加殷实upgrade the texture of life合作共赢cooperation with win-win results知识产权保护protection of intellectual property rights高端产品top of the range完全地、彻底地from the ground up3频手机tri-gain phone兼容compatible高增益天线high-gain aerial盲点blind spot最佳音质optimum sound quality无线耳机wireless headset数据处理能力data capability使同步，连接synchronize便携式电子设备PDA (Portable Digital Assistant)可换外套interchangeable casings可自编曲的多音色铃声composable, multi-timbral ringtones纳米技术nano technology显示屏display域名domain name经销商retailer增值服务value-added service斯里兰卡Sri Lanka突发灾难unexpected disaster援助disaster relief aid痛定思痛reflect upon the disaster罪魁祸首primary cause珊瑚礁coral reef红树林mangrove养虾farm prawns预警机制preventive and warning mechanisms班门弄斧,多此一举bring coals to Newcastle海底拖网捕捞bottom trawling机动化motorization试探极限test (the limits) to breaking point个人和政府的共同努力take both personal and political will(美、加、澳、新)植树节Arbor Day世界气象日World Meteorological Day国际生物多样性日International Biological Diversity Day三农问题the issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers 两难境地 a Catch-22 situation振兴东北老工业基地revitalization of the old industrial bases innortheast China商务部Ministry of Commerce国有企业改组改造reform and restructuring of state-owned enterprises 卖点selling-point优势互补complementary advantages国有(经济)成分public sector私有(经济)成分private sector发生率incidence普遍存在的不平等问题prevailing inequalities起作用的,有帮助的instrumental人力资源开发HRD差距disparity亚洲开发银行ADB (Asian Development Bank)吸收能力absorptive capacity海关总署General Administration of Customs加工贸易processing trade增长势头growth momentum场地使用权the right to use the site资产评估公司assets evaluation company董事会Board of Directors传播,扩散proliferation病原体pathogens强制性的mandatory产品召回product recall合同外资contractual foreign investment研发中心research and development centre (R & Dcentre)配套产业supporting industries廉洁、勤政、务实、高效的政府 a clean, industrious, pragmatic and efficientgovernment乱收费、乱检查、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrarily imposed fees, inspections,contributions and fines侵权盗版infringement on intellectual property rightsand copyright piracy白鹭egret中国最温馨城市the most congenial city in China支柱产业pillar industry / fundamental sector建筑密度construction density官僚作风officialdom走后门、幕后操作pull strings专有技术know-how电解液electrolyte钢筋混凝土steel reinforcement in concrete阳极anode阴极cathode最佳成本效益cost-effectiveness杠杆作用leverage对抗性地defiantly嘻哈乐hip-hop霹雳舞break-dance边缘化marginalization使突然上升,弹弓catapult贫困destitution停电power outage抢劫loot类似物analogue合并,趋同convergence快速存储芯片fast memory chips摄像机camcorder图像传输video-messaging高清电视high-definition television (HDTV)键盘界面keypad interface高端产品premium products翻盖式clamshell全球移动通讯系统GSM (Global System for MobileCommunication)专属软件proprietary software补偿贸易compensation trade羊绒制品cashmere products滚动式发展snowballing development配额trade quota资本运作capital operation碳酸钙calcium carbonate珊瑚虫coral polyps光电技术photo-electricity technology再生能源renewable energy实体法substantial law程序法procedural law行政法administrative law判例precedent英美法系,普通法系common law system大陆法系continental law system法律条文statute(汽车)右前部off-side front挡泥板wing报废(的车) write-off裁定decree手段,工具instrumentality神谕,预言oracle法学,法理学jurisprudence细想,详述dwell upon本末倒置get the cart before the horse法典corpus诺贝尔经济学奖获得者Nobel economics laureate货币机制currency regime不良贷款,坏账bad loans人民币自由兑换RMB convertibility对冲基金hedge fund营业额,成交额turnover外汇交易forex=foreign exchange技术性壁垒technical barriers跨国经营和国际化生产transnational business operation andinternationalized production能力建设capacity build-up质量监督检验检疫quality supervision, inspection, andquarantine洗钱money laundering证券经营机构securities institutions融资raise funds贸易赤字trade deficit(绝对)数字上numerically(电脑)操作系统operating system反病毒软件anti-virus software避难处safe haven漏洞vulnerability安全意识高的用户security-savvy users补丁patch缺陷glitch深空探测deep-space exploration氦helium核聚变燃料nuclear fusion fuel航天技术aerospace technology占有一席之地have a niche / to become a player胚胎干细胞embryonic stem-cell巨大的hefty许多 a raft of使卵受精fertilize eggs法律强质执行的准则legally enforceable guidelines陷入争议be mired in controversy工作表现评估表performance evaluation sheet疏忽,粗心remiss开辟新天地的,创业的ground-breaking超流体superfluid偶像人物an iconic figure新手fledgling有眼力的visionary对外经贸大学the University of International Businessand Economics独联体the Commonwealth of Independentnations呈现出良好发展势头take on a good momentum of development 长期的prolonged单调monotony试用的probationary紫荆花bauhinia校友alumni与…接轨integrate into开诚布公candid about应对挑战address the challenge婆罗门教Brahmanism兼收并蓄mutual accommodation多边合作机制multilateral cooperation network垄断monopolize拆分breakup许可条款icensing provision诉讼litigation推广,传播dissemination共享资源pooling of resources贺辞 a congratulatory letter受…委托be entrusted by取长补短draw upon each other’s strengths市场容量market capacity技术含量高high technical content止跌回稳end downward trend and become stabilized 成长性好good potential for growth畅所欲言free to air opinions求同存异seeking common ground while shelvingdifferences针灸acupuncture铸铁iron casting迟到的感谢 a belated thank-you锯末sawdust折叠床folding cot利用harness二十四节气立春the Beginning of Spring雨水Rain Water惊蛰the Waking of Insects春分the Spring Equinox清明Pure Brightness谷雨Grain Rain立夏Beginning of Summer小满Grain Full芒种Grain in Ear夏至the Summer Solstice小暑Slight Heat大暑Great Heat立秋the Beginning of Autumn处暑the Limit of Heat白露White Dew秋分the Autumn Equinox寒露Cold dew霜降Frost’s Descent立冬the Beginning of Winter小雪Slight Snow大雪Great Snow冬至the Winter Solstice小寒Slight Cold大寒Great Cold中国各类学历英译《中华人民共和国学位条例》Regulations Concerning Academic Degrees inthe PRC结业证书Certification of Completion毕业证书Certification of Graduation师范学校normal school upper secondary level师范专科学校normal specialized postsecondary college师范大学normal / teachers’ university公证书Notarial Certificate / Certificate of NotaryPublic专科学院postsecondary specialized college广播电视大学radio and television university中等专科学校secondary specialized school自学考试self-study examination技工学校t raining college业余大学spare-time university职工大学staff and workers university职业大学vocational university包含“China”,“Chinese”易望文生义的词组：Chinese aster 翠菊China clay 瓷土，高岭土China grass 苎麻China rose 月季Chinese cabbage 大白菜Chinese copy 与原物一模一样的复制品Chinese unicorn 麒麟Chinese ink 墨Chinese lantern 灯笼Chinese puzzle 复杂难懂之事物Chinese wall 难以逾越的屏障，严重障碍Chinese red 大红色Chinese white 锌白Chinese wood oil 桐油体育报道形容用语傲视全联盟top the entire league出类拔萃，鼎中龙虎the cream of the crop / the best of the bunch独领风骚top in one’s field飞毛腿 a track star奉为圭臬looked up to as a standard冠绝群雄top of the heap行情暴涨now a hot commodity / now much more indemand豪杰those endowed with extraordinary talent后生up-and-coming / up-comer领头羊take the lead榜首the top spot名列前茅in the top percentile难缠人物 a force to be reckoned with首发阵容first team一鸣惊人catapult … into fame overnight / anovernight success歇后语翻译八仙过海----各显神通(Like) the Eight Immortals crossing the sea—— each showing his or her special prowess.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年----不怀好意 A weasel wishing Happy New Year to thechicken —— harbouring no good intention.兔子尾巴----长不了The tail of a rabbit ——can not be long / won’tlast long.瞎子点灯----白费蜡It is as useless as a blind man lightening a candle. 芝麻开花----节节高Sesames stalk putting forth flowers notch bybotch, higher and higher ——rising / bloomingsteadily.“审判”英译审判由人民法院负责The people’s court is responsible for adjudication.审判对象object of adjudication国家审判机关state adjudication organ审判权judicial power审判人员judicial personnel审判委员会judicial committee审判程序court proceedings / trial procedure审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判独立independence of trial and decision缺席审判judgment / trial by default审判案件try a case / trial of cases开庭审判open the court session for trial公开审判open trial / be heard in public与刑事案件一并审判be heard together with the criminal case旁听审讯be present at the hearing审判不公failure of justice审判所在国state of forum审判费用juridical expenses诉讼费用litigation costs中国特色形象描述词半拉子工程uncompleted project“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project放心肉quality-assured meat胡子工程long-drawn-out construction project (a project whichtakes so long that young workers grow beard by thetime it is finished)紧箍咒restraining measures开小灶give special favour老油条wily old bird龙头flagship (enterprise)扣帽子put a label on领头羊bellwether磨洋工dawdle / amble along拳头产品knock-out product / blockbuster踢皮球/打太极pass the buck筒子楼tube-shaped apartment宰人rip someone off政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏g overnment sets the stage, department direct the showand business puts on the performance抓大放小focus on restructuring major enterprises while leavingminor ones to take care of themselves / while givinga free hand to small ones抓两头，带中间sustain the advanced and help the backward so as toencourage the vast majority in the middle to progress/ grasp the two ends and bring along the middle。
外交官衔的英文表达
外交官衔的英文表达外交官衔（diplomatic rank）是外交与国际关系领域（world of diplomacy and international relations）使用的一套职业（professional）与社会（social）等级。
在19世纪前的传统欧洲外交（traditional European diplomacy）中，每个国家都有自己的一套外交头衔。
各国官员级别的高低引发了不少争议。
大国（major nations）倾向于认为自己官员的级别高于小国（minor nations）的同类官员，尤其在座次安排（table seatings）方面。
为了解决这些问题，1815年维也纳会议（Congress of Vienna）正式确立了一套国际性的外交官衔。
其中包括：特命全权大使（Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary）：国家元首（head of state）的正式代表（formal representative）。
梵蒂冈（the Holy See）同级别的（equivalent）罗马教廷大使叫papal nuncio。
在英联邦国家（Commonwealth countries），同级别的官员通常是高级专员（High Commissioner），但他代表政府（government）而不是国家元首【可能因为它们的国家元首都是英国国王或女王】。
无任所大使（Ambassador-at-Large）：代表国家（representing the country）的最高级别外交官（diplomat），也叫公使（minister）。
大使负责某一个国家的外交代表机构/外交使团（diplomatic mission），但无任所大使往往负责若干个临近国家（neighboring countries）、地区（region）或政府间机构（intergovernmental organization）【例如联合国（United Nations）或欧盟（European Union）】的外交事务。
【翻译词汇】CATTI笔译常用词汇(中国外交政策和国际关系)
【翻译词汇】CATTI笔译常用词汇（中国外交政策和国际关系）概述General Terms安全考虑 security consideration傲慢行为 arrogant behavior把自己的意志强加于人impose one’s own will on others霸权主义和强权政治 hegemonism and power politics保卫国家主权和民族资源 safeguard national sovereignty and national resources边界谈判 boundary negotiation边界现状 status quo of the boundary不附带任何条件 never to attach any conditions不结盟国家/政策 non-aligned countries / policy不受欢迎的人 persona non grata采取惩罚行动 take punitive actions采取高姿态 show magnanimity采取协调行动 take concerted steps常驻代表 permanent representative弹性外交 elastic diplomacy邓小平外交思想Deng Xiaoping’s diplomatic thoughts低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)电话协商 telephone negotiations独联体国家 Commonwealth of Independent States(CIS)“渡假外交” holiday-making diplomacy对无核区承担义务 undertake obligations in respect of thenuclear-free zone发展和平友好、平等互利、长期稳定的关系develop relations of peace and friendship, equality and mutual benefit, and prolonged stability 附庸国 dependency高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue公认的国际关系原则 generally-accepted principles of international relations公使管 legation公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序 a fair and rational new international political and economic order国际商会 International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)国际雇佣者组织 International Organization of Employers (IOE) 国际关系的准则 norms governing international relations国际关系中最起码的准则 rudimentary code of international relations 国际惯例 international common practice国际海事协议组织 International Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO)国际货币基金会 International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际金融组织 International Finance Corporation (IFC)国际聚焦 international spotlight国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL)国家不分大小，应该一律平等。
常用英文翻译
常用英文翻译中国常驻联合国代表Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations 紧要关头pivotal moment业务伙伴business associate世界水平world-class status顶尖的，世界一流的state-of-the-art企业公民corporate citizen实时信息传递（网上聊天）狂潮the instant messaging craze好友名单buddy list风行pick up手机短信cellphone text messaging资产负债表balance sheet主导产品leading product帝国大厦the Empire State Building产值output value年均增长率average annual growth rate财富500强排名Fortune 500 list分公司subsidiaries垫底，排名最后bottom end全球500强Global 500上司公司publicly held companies(英国大学)校长Vice Chancellor理工学院polytechnic主要专业core discipline团圆饭reunion dinner增强凝聚力strengthen the sense of togetherness高级餐馆smart/posh restaurant短信拜年send new year greetings via text message秘书长Secretary-General常务副秘书长Deputy Secretary-General全体大会the General Assembly Session充满时代生计full of modern vitality名族风情folk customs交相辉映add radiance and charm to each other起到重要推动作用give a major push to经营部门operational sector受…委托进行be vested by联系成员associate member附属成员affiliate member演播室studio小巷alleyway小街back-streets营养学家dietitian低热量节食on a low-calorie diet国际烟草控制公约international treaty on tobacco control烟草控制框架公约Framework Convention on Tobacco Control控制…的蔓延curb the rapid spread of基层grass roots蹦极bungee-jump希腊共和国the Hellenic Republic致以三重敬意pay a triple homage顶点culmination兴奋剂doping大街小巷wide streets and narrow lanes古朴与现代primitive simplicity and latest modernity厚重与活力dignity and vigour千帆共舞countless sails ploughing through the blue sea万鼓齐鸣numerous drums sounding loudly绿色奥运，科技奥运，人文奥运Green, Hi-tech and People’s Olympics依法治国run the country according to the law依法行政administrate according to the law懈怠slack off / relent人亡政息failure of government推进政治体制改革press ahead with political reform村民自治self-administration in villages共产主义专制国家communist dictatorship中右派政党centre-right political party中共中央党校the Central School of the Chinese Communist Party政治派别political persuasion具有中国血统claim Chinese ancestry选区electorate计划生育政策family planning policy男女性别失衡unbalanced sex ratio / gender imbalance多元化政策multivariate policy总生育率total fertility rate出生性别比sex ratio at birth / birth ratio / newborn ratio(人口素质)逆淘汰reverse selection of population quality老年扶养比elderly dependency ratio劳动适龄人口working-age population做好准备做be poised to人口替代率replacement rate加上，外加coupled with预期寿命life expectancy年龄中位数median age人口转型demographic transition负面影响adverse effects贫困impoverishment使…脱贫lift…out of poverty千年发展目标Millennium Development Goals艰苦的环境degrading environment国家人口与计划生育委员会National Population and Family Planning Commission 职能部门functionaries人口动态学population dynamics人口惯性population momentum人口金字塔population pyramid人口普查census人口统计学demography控制人口增长curb population growth卢森堡Luxembourg塞浦路斯Cyprus爱沙尼亚Estonia马耳他Malta斯洛伐克Slovakia经济总量total volume of the economy文莱Brunei缅甸Myanmar / Burma对话伙伴dialogue partners运转情况良好on a sound track自由贸易区Free Trade Bloc和平共处五项原则Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence互相尊重主权和领土完整mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity 互不侵犯mutual non-aggression互不干涉内政non-interference in each other’s internal affairs平等互利equality and mutual benefit和平共处peaceful coexistence外交为民do the diplomatic work for the people办实事do practical things全国人大委员长Chairman of the NPC政协主席Chairman of the CPPCC国家元首head of state政府首脑head of government议会外交inter-parliamentary diplomatic activities军队外交military-to-military diplomatic activities全国妇联All China Women’s Federation全国总工会All China Federation of Trade Unions友好城市关系twin-city relations驻外外交机构diplomatic missions abroad“感动中国十大人物” the top 10 most inspirational figures for China“XXXXX” China threat theory国防开支national defense expenditure联合国安理会the UN Security Council常任理事国permanent member of the Security Council维护和平的坚定力量 a staunch force for peace倾销dumping反倾销协议Anti-Dumping Agreement对…加收进口关税charge extra import duty on消除对…的损害remove the injury to…外向型经济export-oriented economy贸易争端/摩擦trade dispute / friction劳动密集型产业labour-intensive industry夕阳产业sunset industry国际货币组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)关税总协定GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)依据规则、成员驱动的组织rules-based member-driven organization多边贸易机制multi-lateral trading system集团bloc专家组panel of experts上诉报告appeal report反补贴措施countervailing measures消除贸易壁垒eliminate trade barriers小康社会 a moderately prosperous society使生活更加殷实upgrade the texture of life合作共赢cooperation with win-win results知识产权保护protection of intellectual property rights高端产品top of the range完全地、彻底地from the ground up3频手机tri-gain phone兼容compatible高增益天线high-gain aerial盲点blind spot最佳音质optimum sound quality无线耳机wireless headset数据处理能力data capability使同步，连接synchronize便携式电子设备PDA (Portable Digital Assistant)可换外套interchangeable casings可自编曲的多音色铃声composable, multi-timbral ringtones纳米技术nano technology显示屏display域名domain name经销商retailer增值服务value-added service斯里兰卡Sri Lanka突发灾难unexpected disaster援助disaster relief aid痛定思痛reflect upon the disaster罪魁祸首primary cause珊瑚礁coral reef红树林mangrove养虾farm prawns预警机制preventive and warning mechanisms班门弄斧,多此一举bring coals to Newcastle海底拖网捕捞bottom trawling机动化motorization试探极限test (the limits) to breaking point个人和政府的共同努力take both personal and political will(美、加、澳、新)植树节Arbor Day世界气象日World Meteorological Day国际生物多样性日International Biological Diversity Day三农问题the issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers两难境地 a Catch-22 situation振兴东北老工业基地revitalization of the old industrial bases in northeast China 商务部Ministry of Commerce国有企业改组改造reform and restructuring of state-owned enterprises卖点selling-point优势互补complementary advantages国有(经济)成分public sector私有(经济)成分private sector发生率incidence普遍存在的不平等问题prevailing inequalities起作用的,有帮助的instrumental人力资源开发HRD差距disparity亚洲开发银行ADB (Asian Development Bank)吸收能力absorptive capacity海关总署General Administration of Customs加工贸易processing trade增长势头growth momentum场地使用权the right to use the site资产评估公司assets evaluation company董事会Board of Directors传播,扩散proliferation病原体pathogens强制性的mandatory产品召回product recall合同外资contractual foreign investment研发中心research and development centre (R & D centre)配套产业supporting industries廉洁、勤政、务实、高效的政府 a clean, industrious, pragmatic and efficient government乱收费、乱检查、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrarily imposed fees, inspections, contributions and fines 侵权盗版infringement on intellectual property rights and copyright piracy白鹭egret中国最温馨城市the most congenial city in China支柱产业pillar industry / fundamental sector建筑密度construction density官僚作风officialdom走后门、幕后操作pull strings专有技术know-how电解液electrolyte钢筋混凝土steel reinforcement in concrete阳极anode阴极cathode最佳成本效益cost-effectiveness杠杆作用leverage对抗性地defiantly嘻哈乐hip-hop霹雳舞break-dance边缘化marginalization使突然上升,弹弓catapult贫困destitution停电power outage抢劫loot类似物analogue合并,趋同convergence快速存储芯片fast memory chips摄像机camcorder图像传输video-messaging高清电视high-definition television (HDTV)键盘界面keypad interface高端产品premium products翻盖式clamshell全球移动通讯系统GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)专属软件proprietary software补偿贸易compensation trade羊绒制品cashmere products滚动式发展snowballing development配额trade quota资本运作capital operation碳酸钙calcium carbonate珊瑚虫coral polyps光电技术photo-electricity technology再生能源renewable energy实体法substantial law程序法procedural law行政法administrative law判例precedent英美法系,普通法系common law system大陆法系continental law system法律条文statute(汽车)右前部off-side front挡泥板wing报废(的车) write-off裁定decree手段,工具instrumentality神谕,预言oracle法学,法理学jurisprudence细想,详述dwell upon本末倒置get the cart before the horse法典corpus诺贝尔经济学奖获得者Nobel economics laureate货币机制currency regime不良贷款,坏账bad loans人民币自由兑换RMB convertibility对冲基金hedge fund营业额,成交额turnover外汇交易forex=foreign exchange技术性壁垒technical barriers跨国经营和国际化生产transnational business operation and internationalized production 能力建设capacity build-up质量监督检验检疫quality supervision, inspection, and quarantine洗钱money laundering证券经营机构securities institutions融资raise funds贸易赤字trade deficit(绝对)数字上numerically(电脑)操作系统operating system反病毒软件anti-virus software避难处safe haven漏洞vulnerability安全意识高的用户security-savvy users补丁patch缺陷glitch深空探测deep-space exploration氦helium核聚变燃料nuclear fusion fuel航天技术aerospace technology占有一席之地have a niche / to become a player胚胎干细胞embryonic stem-cell巨大的hefty许多 a raft of使卵受精fertilize eggs法律强质执行的准则legally enforceable guidelines陷入争议be mired in controversy工作表现评估表performance evaluation sheet疏忽,粗心remiss开辟新天地的,创业的ground-breaking超流体superfluid偶像人物an iconic figure新手fledgling有眼力的visionary对外经贸大学the University of International Business and Economics独联体the Commonwealth of Independent nations呈现出良好发展势头take on a good momentum of development长期的prolonged单调monotony试用的probationary紫荆花bauhinia校友alumni与…接轨integrate into开诚布公candid about应对挑战address the challenge婆罗门教Brahmanism兼收并蓄mutual accommodation多边合作机制multilateral cooperation network垄断monopolize拆分breakup许可条款licensing provision诉讼litigation推广,传播dissemination共享资源pooling of resources贺辞 a congratulatory letter受…委托be entrusted by取长补短draw upon each other’s strengths市场容量market capacity技术含量高high technical content止跌回稳end downward trend and become stabilized成长性好good potential for growth畅所欲言free to air opinions求同存异seeking common ground while shelving differences针灸acupuncture铸铁iron casting迟到的感谢 a belated thank-you锯末sawdust折叠床folding cot利用harness二十四节气立春the Beginning of Spring雨水Rain Water惊蛰the Waking of Insects春分the Spring Equinox清明Pure Brightness谷雨Grain Rain立夏Beginning of Summer小满Grain Full芒种Grain in Ear夏至the Summer Solstice小暑Slight Heat大暑Great Heat立秋the Beginning of Autumn处暑the Limit of Heat白露White Dew秋分the Autumn Equinox寒露Cold dew霜降Frost’s Descent立冬the Beginning of Winter小雪Slight Snow大雪Great Snow冬至the Winter Solstice小寒Slight Cold大寒Great Cold中国各类学历英译《中华人民共和国学位条例》Regulations Concerning Academic Degrees in the PRC 结业证书Certification of Completion毕业证书Certification of Graduation师范学校normal school upper secondary level师范专科学校normal specialized postsecondary college师范大学normal / teachers’ university公证书Notarial Certificate / Certificate of Notary Public专科学院postsecondary specialized college广播电视大学radio and television university中等专科学校secondary specialized school自学考试self-study examination技工学校training college业余大学spare-time university职工大学staff and workers university职业大学vocational university包含“China”, “Chinese”易望文生义的词组：Chinese aster 翠菊China clay 瓷土，高岭土China grass 苎麻China rose 月季Chinese cabbage 大白菜Chinese copy 与原物一模一样的复制品Chinese unicorn 麒麟Chinese ink 墨Chinese lantern 灯笼Chinese puzzle 复杂难懂之事物Chinese wall 难以逾越的屏障，严重障碍Chinese red 大红色Chinese white 锌白Chinese wood oil 桐油体育报道形容用语傲视全联盟top the entire league出类拔萃，鼎中龙虎the cream of the crop / the best of the bunch独领风骚top in one’s field飞毛腿 a track star奉为圭臬looked up to as a standard冠绝群雄top of the heap行情暴涨now a hot commodity / now much more in demand豪杰those endowed with extraordinary talent后生up-and-coming / up-comer领头羊take the lead榜首the top spot名列前茅in the top percentile难缠人物 a force to be reckoned with首发阵容first team一鸣惊人catapult … into fame overnight / an overnight success歇后语翻译八仙过海----各显神通(Like) the Eight Immortals crossing the sea —— each showing his or her special prowess.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年----不怀好意 A weasel wishing Happy New Year to the chicken —— harbouring no good intention.兔子尾巴----长不了The tail of a rabbit ——can not be long / won’t last long.瞎子点灯----白费蜡It is as useless as a blind man lightening a candle.芝麻开花----节节高Sesames stalk putting forth flowers notch by botch, higher and higher —— rising / blooming steadily.“审判”英译审判由人民法院负责The people’s court is responsible for adjudication.审判对象object of adjudication国家审判机关state adjudication organ审判权judicial power审判人员judicial personnel审判委员会judicial committee审判程序court proceedings / trial procedure审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判独立independence of trial and decision缺席审判judgment / trial by default审判案件try a case / trial of cases开庭审判open the court session for trial公开审判open trial / be heard in public与刑事案件一并审判be heard together with the criminal case旁听审讯be present at the hearing审判不公failure of justice审判所在国state of forum审判费用juridical expenses诉讼费用litigation costs中国特色形象描述词半拉子工程uncompleted project“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project放心肉quality-assured meat胡子工程long-drawn-out construction project (a project which takes so long that young workers grow beard by the time it is finished)紧箍咒restraining measures开小灶give special favour老油条wily old bird龙头flagship (enterprise)扣帽子put a label on领头羊bellwether磨洋工dawdle / amble along拳头产品knock-out product / blockbuster踢皮球/打太极pass the buck筒子楼tube-shaped apartment宰人rip someone off政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏government sets the stage, department direct the show and business puts on the performance抓大放小focus on restructuring major enterprises while leaving minor ones to take care of themselves / while giving a free hand to small ones抓两头，带中间sustain the advanced and help the backward so as to encourage the vast majority in the middle to progress / grasp the two ends and bring along the middle。
外交常用英语词汇
外交常用英语词汇:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Protocol Department 礼宾司Information Department 新闻司diplomatic mission 外交代表机构emba ssy 大使馆legation 公使馆consulate-general 总领事馆consulate 领事馆office of the chargé d'’affaires, 代办处military attaché‘’s office, 武官处commercial counsellor’’s office 商务处press section，in formation service 新闻处liaison office 联络处diplomat 外交家，外交官diplomatic rank 外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff 行政技术人员a mba ssador 大使a mba ssador extraordinary and plenipotentiary 特命全权大使nuncio 教廷大使internuncio 教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister，minister—counsellor 公使衔参赞chargé d'’affaires，代办chargé d’’affasiread interim, 临时代办counsellor 参赞first secretary 一等秘书second secretary 二等秘书third secretary 三等秘书attaché，随员commercial secretary 商务参赞cultural secretary 文化参赞commercial attaché，商务专员cultural attaché，文化专员military attaché，武官naval attaché，海军武官air attaché, 空军武官consul—general 总领事consul 领事doyen of the diplomatic corps，dean of the diplomatic corps 外交使团团长roving ambassador 巡回大使ambassador-at—large 无任所大使special envoy 特使accredited to … 向…派遣的英语词汇英汉对照→外交→外交机构Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Protocol Department礼宾司Information Department新闻司diplomatic mission外交代表机构embassy大使馆legation公使馆consulate-general总领事馆consulate领事馆office of the chargé d'affaires代办处military attaché's office武官处commercial counsellor's office商务处press section，in formation service新闻处liaison office联络处英语词汇英汉对照—外交事务0本文作者:beidanci 发布于：2010—1-23 分类:行业英语词汇点击:foreign affairs外交memorandum，aidememoire备忘录persona non-grat不受欢迎的人de jure recognition法律承认commnique公报announcement公告，通告letter of credence，credentials国书mutual recognition互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations建立外交关系letter of introduction介绍书during one's absence离任期间identification card身份证statement声明de facto recognition事实上承认persona grata受欢迎的人diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag，diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of appointment委任书certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书declaration, manifesto宣扬letter of recall召回公文note照会verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会formal note正式照会normalization正常化be appointed ambassador to ..。
外交常用英语词汇
外交常用英语词汇-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1外交常用英语词汇：Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Protocol Department 礼宾司Information Department 新闻司diplomatic mission 外交代表机构emba ssy 大使馆legation 公使馆consulate-general 总领事馆consulate 领事馆office of the chargé d''affaires, 代办处military attaché‘'s office, 武官处commercial counsellor''s office 商务处press section, in formation service 新闻处liaison office 联络处diplomat 外交家，外交官diplomatic rank 外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff 行政技术人员a mba ssador 大使a mba ssador extraordinary and plenipotentiary 特命全权大使nuncio 教廷大使internuncio 教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister, minister-counsellor 公使衔参赞chargé d''affaires, 代办chargé d''affasiread interim, 临时代办counsellor 参赞first secretary 一等秘书second secretary 二等秘书third secretary 三等秘书attaché，随员commercial secretary 商务参赞cultural secretary 文化参赞commercial attaché，商务专员cultural attaché，文化专员military attaché，武官naval attaché，海军武官air attaché，空军武官consul-general 总领事consul 领事doyen of the diplomatic corps, dean of the diplomatic corps 外交使团团长roving ambassador 巡回大使ambassador-at-large 无任所大使special envoy 特使accredited to … 向…派遣的英语词汇英汉对照→外交→外交机构Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Protocol Department礼宾司Information Department新闻司diplomatic mission外交代表机构embassy大使馆legation公使馆consulate-general总领事馆consulate领事馆office of the chargé d'affaires代办处military attaché's office武官处commercial counsellor's office商务处press section, in formation service新闻处liaison office联络处英语词汇英汉对照-外交事务0本文作者:beidanci 发布于:2010-1-23 分类:行业英语词汇点击:foreign affairs外交memorandum, aidememoire备忘录persona non-grat不受欢迎的人de jure recognition法律承认commnique公报announcement公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials国书mutual recognition互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations建立外交关系letter of introduction介绍书during one's absence离任期间identification card身份证statement声明de facto recognition事实上承认persona grata受欢迎的人diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of appointment委任书certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书declaration, manifesto宣扬letter of recall召回公文note照会verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会formal note正式照会normalization正常化be appointed ambassador to ...被任命为驻…大使to express regret表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, to return to one's post返任to proceed to take up one's post赴任to present one's credentials递交国书to exchange ambassadors互派大使to resume diplomatic relations恢复外交关系to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level建立大使级外交关系to establish consular relations建立领事关系to assume one's post就任to take exception to; to object to提出异议to upgrade diplomatic relations外交关系升格to make representations to, to take up a (the) matter with向…交涉to lodge a protest with向…提出抗议to request the consent of...征求…的同意to suspend diplomatic relations中断外交关系本文出自: 我爱背单词, 原文地址：/post/article_6521.html外交机构及官员职位英汉对照时间:2009-02-13 10:48来源:口译网作者:口译网点击:5077次Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Protocol Department 礼宾司Information Department 新闻司diplomatic mission 外交代表机构embassy 大使馆legation 公使馆consulate-general 总领事馆consulate 领事馆office of the chargeé d'affaires, 代办处military attaché's office, 武官处commercial counsellor's office 商务处press section, in formation service 新闻处liaison office 联络处diplomat 外交家, 外交官diplomatic rank 外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff 行政技术人员ambassador 大使ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary 特命全权大使nuncio 教廷大使internuncio 教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister, minister-counsellor 公使衔参赞chargé d'affaires, 代办chargé d'affasiread interim, 临时代办counsellor 参赞first secretary 一等秘书second secretary 二等秘书third secretary 三等秘书attaché, 随员commercial secretary 商务参赞cultural secretary 文化参赞commercial attaché, 商务专员cultural attaché, 文化专员military attaché, 武官naval attaché, 海军武官air attaché, 空军武官consul-general 总领事consul 领事doyen of the diplomatic corps, dean of the diplomatic corps 外交使团团长roving ambassador 巡回大使ambassador-at-large 无任所大使special envoy 特使accredited to ... 向…派遣的foreign affairs 外交memorandum, aidememoire 备忘录persona non-grat 不受欢迎的人de jure recognition 法律承认commnique 公报announcement 公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials 国书mutual recognition 互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations 建立外交关系letter of introduction 介绍书during one's absence 离任期间identification card 身份证statement 声明de facto recognition 事实上承认persona grata 受欢迎的人diplomatic practice 外交惯例diplomatic immunities 外交豁免diplomatic privileges 外交特权diplomatic channels 外交途径diplomatic courier 外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch 外交邮袋letter of appointment 委任书certificate of appointment 委任证书exequatur 许可证书declaration, manifesto 宣扬letter of recall 召回公文note 照会verbal note 普通照会circular note 通知照会formal note 正式照会normalization 正常化be appointed ambassador to ... 被任命为驻…大使to express regret 表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations 断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, to return to one's post 返任to proceed to take up one's post 赴任to present one's credentials 递交国书to exchange ambassadors 互派大使to resume diplomatic relations 恢复外交关系to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level 建立大使级外交关系to establish consular relations 建立领事关系to assume one's post 就任to take exception to; to object to 提出异议to upgrade diplomatic relations 外交关系升格to make representations to, to take up a (the) matter with 向…交涉to lodge a protest with 向…提出抗议to request the consent of... 征求…的同意to suspend diplomatic relations 中断外交关系 tea party 茶会an atmosphere of cordiality and friendship 诚挚友好的气氛reciprocal banquet 答谢宴会delegation 代表团head of the delegation, leader of the delegation 团长deputy head of the delegation, deputy leader of the delegation 副团长member of the delegation 代表团成员memorial speech 悼词to develop the relations offriendship and cooperation 发展友好合作关系prosperity and strength 繁荣富强visit 访问friendly visit, goodwill visit 友好访问informal visit 非正式访问official visit 正式访问private visit 私人访问state visit 国事访问obituary 讣告questions of common interest;question of common concern 共同关心的问题state banquet 国宴message of greeting, message of congratulation 贺电speech of welcome 欢迎词welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会cocktail party 鸡尾酒会good health and a long life 健康长寿profound condolence 深切哀悼cordial hospitality 盛情接待the two sides, the two parties 双方luncheon 午宴message of condolence 唁电reception 招待会toast 祝酒词memorial meeting 追悼会to convey one's sympathy 表示慰问to meet with 会见to review the guard of honour 检阅仪仗队to exchange views 交换意见to receive 接见to be shocked to learn of 惊悉be of the opinion, to hold, to consider, to maintain 认为to propose a toast to... 提议为…干杯on the happy occasion of 欣逢on learning with great joy 欣悉to give a banquet in honour of... 宴请…on invitation, upon invitation 应邀at the invitation of... 应…邀请in the company of..., accompanied by... 在…陪同下to express one's sincere congratulations and best wishes 致以衷心的祝贺和最好的愿望to wish prosperity to a country and well-being to its people 祝（某国）国家繁荣人民幸福to take note of... 注意到fHis (Her, Your) Majesty 陛下His (Her, Your) Royal Highness 殿下His (Her, Your) Excellency 阁下His excellency Mr. President and Mme... …总统先生阁下和夫人（Mme：Madam的缩写）原文链接：/vocab/455.html外交词汇,英语时政词汇,国际形势和国际关系口译词汇中英文对照关键词：英语时政词汇,外交英语词汇,中英文对照来源：上海外教网 | 发布日期：2008-01-11 15:27安全考虑：security consideration傲慢行为：arrogant behavior多极化：multipolarity霸权主义：hegemonism强权政治：power politics国家主权：national sovereignty民族资源：national resource边界谈判：boundary negotiation不结盟国家：non-aligned countries采取惩罚行动：take punitive actions采取高姿态：show magnanimity采取协调行动：take concerted steps常驻代表：permanent representative弹性外交：elastic diplomacy邓小平外交思想：Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调：low keyed电话协商：telephone negotiations独联体国家：Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)度假外交：holiday-making diplomacy附庸国：dependency高层次、全方位的对话：high-level and all-directional dialogue公认的国际关系原则：generally-accepted principles of international relations 公使馆：legation公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序：a fair and rational new international political and economic order国际商会：International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)国际雇佣者组织：International Organization of Employers (IOE)国际关系的准则：norms governing international relations国际惯例：international common practice国际货币基金会：International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际金融组织：International Finance Corporation (IFC)国际聚焦：international spotlight国家不分大小，应该一律平等：All countries, big or small, should be equal. 捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严：safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity 毫无根据的媒体报导：groundless media reports和平共处五项原则： the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence环太平洋地区：Pacific Rim缓和：detente抗美援朝战争：W ar to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea联络处：liaison office领土管辖权：territorial jurisdiction领土毗连：territorial contiguity流血冲突：bloody conflict民间外交：people-to-people diplomacy南北对话：South-North dialogue以下为常见英语外交词汇以中英文对照的形式列出：南南合作：South-South cooperation贫穷国家：impoverished nation全方位外交：multi-faceted diplomacy伸张正义、主持公道：adhere to principles and uphold justice神圣不可侵犯：sacred and inviolable审时度势：size up the situation推翻一个政权：topple a regime外交承认：diplomatic recognition外交纷争：diplomatic dispute外交攻势：diplomatic offensive外交使团：diplomatic mission外交政策的基石：cornerstone of a country's foreign policy万国公法：law of nations维持外交关系：maintain diplomatic relations维护世界和平：safeguard world peace武装冲突：armed conflict西方国家利益：W estern interests中美联合公报：Sino-US joint communique总领事馆：consulate general发展中国家：developing country发达国家：developed country中美外交关系专题词汇归纳(中英文对照)本文来源于:/qwyy/word/201101/7473.html state visit 国事访问Sino-US ties/China-US relations 中美关系bilateral tie 双边关系bilateral cooperation 双边合作direct contact 直接接触joint statement 联合声明in the spirit of the joint statement 本着联合声明的精神China-US joint communique 中美联合公报top leaders 最高领导人national interests 国家利益core interests 核心利益common interests of the two countries 两国共同利益personality of the individual leaders 领导人的个人魅力frequent meetings 频繁会晤"conflict-dominant" relationship “冲突主导”的关系start a new era in US-China relations 开创中美关系的新时代the normalization of US-China relations 中美关系正常化permanent consultative institutions 永久磋商机制constructive strategic partnership 建设性战略伙伴关系overall strategic partnership 全面战略伙伴关系rapprochement 恢复邦交Ping Pong diplomacy 乒乓外交high-level cooperation 高层协作Strategic and Economic Dialogue 战略经济对话establish diplomatic ties 建立邦交highly confidential visit 秘密访问zero-sum game 零和博弈mutual trust 相互信任common prosperity 共同繁荣peaceful coexistence 和平共处the situation on the Korean Peninsula 朝鲜半岛局势resumption of Six-Party Talks 重启六方会谈high-level visit 高层访问maintain a low profile 保持低姿态China will never seek hegemony. 中国永远不会称霸。
2021年permanent的用法总结
permanent这个单词大家应该都很熟悉了吧。
那你们掌握了permanent的用法了吗今天给大家带来了permanent的用法,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
permanent的意思adj. 永久(性)的，永恒的，不变的，耐久的，持久的，经久的,稳定的,常务的，常设的n. 电烫发，烫发变形副词permanently;permanent用法permanent可以用作形容词permanent没有比较级和最高级形式。
permanent用作形容词的用法例句The incident left permanent traces on his mind.那件事在他头脑里留下了永久的印象。
I am looking for a permanent position.我在找一个永久性的职业。
These factors usually have a longer and more permanent impact on shareprices.这项因素通常会对股价产生更加长远和持久的影响。
permanent词组 | 习惯用语permanent magnet 永久磁铁permanent residence 长期居留permanent resident 永久性居民permanent member 常任理事国;永久性成分permanent damage 永久损伤permanent job 固定职业permanent magnetism 永磁;永久磁性permanent deformation 永久变形，残留变形permanent establishment 恒久的设施permanent representative 常驻代表;常驻大使permanent address 永久地址;永久住址;原籍permanent mold 永久铸模;金属铸模permanent basis 平时编制permanent error 永久误差;永久性错误permanent mould 永久模，硬模permanent way 永存性公路;铁路线路permanent position 固定位置permanent mold casting 金属型铸造;冷硬铸造permanent memory 永久性存储器;固定存储器permanent set 永久变形;最后凝结;固定装置permanent英语例句库He is one of our permanent employees.他是我们的终身雇员之一。
外交称谓
专使（Special Ambassador）：某个具体领域的大使，不常驻一个国家，全球巡回。
美国贸易代表（U.S. Trade Representative）：内阁（cabinet）级外交官，领导美国多边谈判（multilateral negotiations）的各个代表团（delegations）。
在二战之后，联合国主权国家平等的原则（the UN doctrine of equality of sovereign states）不再允许将某些国家看作低人一等（inferior）；很多公使级别外交使团（legation）都升级为大使馆（embassy）。美国在1966年升级了在保加利亚的最后一个公使馆。尽管这些官衔仍然存在，但是担任者（incumbent）是作为使馆部门负责人（section chief）或使团负责人的副职（deputy chief of mission）。 (来源：英语麦当劳－英语快餐)
长驻公使（Minister Resident/Resident Minister）：一般就叫Minister，现在已经非常罕见，是最低级别的外交使团负责人（chief of mission），仅仅比代办（Chargés d’affaires）【一般被看作是使团负责人的替代者（substitute）或代理（acting）】高一级。
负责一个外交使团的外交官一般叫chief of mission或head of mission，可以是大使、高级专员、教廷大使、特使或长驻公使。由大使负责的外交使团叫大使馆，而由高级专员负责的叫高级专员署（High Commission）。一个国家的外交官与负责对外政策（foreign policy）的官员（officer）叫外交机构（foreign service/diplomatic service）。派往某一个国家的所有外交官叫外交使节团（diplomatic corps）【注意corps的发音与core一样】。其中一位往往成为primus inter pares（同辈者之首），也叫团长（dean of the diplomatic corps）。一般由在该国的最有资历的外交官出任。资历按照到达该国的日期（date of arrival in country）或递交国书（presentation of credentials）日期来确定。 (来源：英语学习门户网站)
高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化 ：专题03 传统节日 春节
高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化传统节日春节（素材+语法填空+书面表达）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
第一部分话题素材积累The Lunar New Year, or Spring Festival, has been officially listed as a UN floating holiday in its calendar of conferences and meetings as from 2024.从2024年起，农历新年或春节正式被列入联合国会议日历中的浮动假日。
Under UN rules, staff have official holidays as well as a floating holiday during the year. UN bodies avoid holding meetings during those times.根据联合国规定，工作人员在一年中有官方假日和浮动假日。
联合国机构避免在这些时间举行会议。
Dai Bing, China's deputy permanent representative to the United Nations, said after the adoption of the resolution that the Spring Festival, as a traditional Chinese holiday featuring family reunion and good wishes for the coming year, not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony but also carries the common values of humanity such as harmonious family, social inclusion and sound relationship between man and nature. Many countries list the Spring Festival as a national holiday, and about one-fifth of humanity celebrates this festival in various ways, he added.中国常驻联合国代表团临时代办戴兵大使在联大决议通过后表示，春节作为中国传统民俗节日，不仅是阖家团圆、辞旧迎新的日子，传承着和平、和睦、和谐等中华文明理念，也承载着家庭和睦、社会包容、人与自然和谐共生等全人类共同价值。
联合国词汇 UN
联合国六大机构Six main organs of the United Nations安全理事会Security Council; SC国际法院International Court of Justice经济与社会理事会Economic and Social Council; ECOSOC 联合国大会General Assembly秘书处Secretariat托管理事会Trusteeship Council联合国人员Personnel of the United Nations常驻代表permanent delegate/representative代表团顾问advisor/adviser代表团团长chairman of the delegation副代表alternate delegate副主席vice-president副总干事deputy director-general高级专员high commissioner国际法院法官members of the court国际法院副院长vice-president国际法院书记官长registrar国际法院襄审官assessor国际法院院长president国际法院专案法官ad hoc judge联合国特使UN special envoy秘书长特别助理special assistant to the secretary-general全权代表plenipotentiary delegate首席代表chief delegate/representative执行主任executive director驻联合国使节UN diplomat联合国大会及其机构UN General Assembly and Relative Bodies裁军委员会Disarmament Commission常驻代表团permanent mission大会临时委员会Interim Committee of the General Assembly 大会事务司Division of General Assembly Affairs第一委员会（政治和安全）First Committee (Political and Security)第二委员会（经济和财政）Economic and Financial第三委员会（社会、人道和文化）Social, Humanitarian and Cultural第四委员会（非殖民化、托管）Decolonization, Trusteeship 第五委员会（行政和预算）Administrative and Budgetary 第六委员会（法律）Legal反对种族隔离特别委员会Special Committee on Apartheid国际法委员会International Law Commission和平利用外层空间委员会Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space会费委员会Committee on Contributions儿童基金会Children’s Fund; UNCDF国际贸易法委员会Commission on International Trade Law环境规划署Environment Program; UNEP开发计划署Development Program; UNDP科学咨询委员会Scientific Advisory Committee粮食理事会World Food Council; WFC难民事务高级专员办事处Office of the UN high Commissioner for Refugees人口活动基金Find for Population Activities; UNFPA资本开发基金会Capital Development Fund; UNCDF全权证书委员会Credentials Committee世界粮食计划署World Food Program; WFP行政和预算委员会Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions一般法律事务司General Legal Division总务委员会General Committee安理会常设和特设机构Standing and Ad Hoc Bodies of the Security Council安理会事务部Department of Security Council Affairs裁军委员会Disarmament Commission接纳新委员国委员会Committee on the Admission of New Members军事参谋团Military Staff Committee联合国紧急部队UN Emergency Force; UNEF联合国脱离接触观察员部队UN Disengagement Observer Force; UNDOF专家委员会Committee of Experts经济与社会理事会主要委员会和机构Main Committees and Bodies of ECOSOC发展计划委员会Committee of Development Planning方案和协调委员会Committee for Program and Coordination 非政府组织委员会Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations妇女地位委员会Commission on the Status of Women经济委员会Economic Committee居住、建房和设计委员会Committee on Housing, Building and Planning科技用于发展委员会Committee on Science and Technology for Development跨国公司委员会Commission on Transnational Corporations 麻醉品委员会Commission on Narcotic Drugs人口委员会Population Commission人权委员会Commission on Human Rights社会发展委员会Commission for Social Development审查和评价委员会Committee on Review and Appraisal协调委员会Coordination Committee预防和控制犯罪委员会Committee on Crime Prevention and Control政府间机构磋商委员会Committee on Negotiations with Inter-Governmental Agencies自然资源委员会Committee on Natural Resources联合国专门机构UN Specialized Agencies国际电信联盟International Telecommunication Union; ITU国际复兴开发银行International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; IBRD国际海事组织International Maritime Organization IMO国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund; IMF国际金融公司International Finance Corporation; IFC国际开发协会International Development Association; IDA国际劳工组织International Labor Organization; ILO国际民用航空组织International Civil Aviation Organization; ICAO国际农业发展基金会International Fund for Agriculture Development; IFAD国际原子能机构International Atomic Energy Agency; IAEA 联合国工业发展组织UN Industrial Development Organization; UNIDO联合国教科文组织UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; UNESCO联合国粮农组织Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; FAO联合国特别基金United Nations Special Fund; UNSF世界气象组织World Meteorological Organization; WMO世界卫生组织World Health Organization; WHO世界银行World Bank世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization; WIPO万国邮政联盟Universal Postal Union; UPU。
外交官衔
外交官衔的英文表达外交官衔（diplomatic rank）是外交与国际关系领域（world of diplomacy and international relations）使用的一套职业（professional）与社会（social）等级。
在19世纪前的传统欧洲外交（traditional European diplomacy）中，每个国家都有自己的一套外交头衔。
各国官员级别的高低引发了不少争议。
大国（major nations）倾向于认为自己官员的级别高于小国（minor nations）的同类官员，尤其在座次安排（table seatings）方面。
为了解决这些问题，1815年维也纳会议（Congress of Vienna）正式确立了一套国际性的外交官衔。
其中包括：∙特命全权大使（Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary）：国家元首（head of state）的正式代表（formal representative）。
梵蒂冈（the Holy See）同级别的（equivalent）罗马教廷大使叫papal nuncio。
在英联邦国家（Commonwealth countries），同级别的官员通常是高级专员（High Commissioner），但他代表政府（government）而不是国家元首【可能因为它们的国家元首都是英国国王或女王】。
∙无任所大使（Ambassador-at-Large）：代表国家（representing the country）的最高级别外交官（diplomat），也叫公使（minister）。
大使负责某一个国家的外交代表机构/外交使团（diplomatic mission），但无任所大使往往负责若干个临近国家（neighbouring countries）、地区（region）或政府间机构（intergovernmental organisation）【例如联合国（United Nations）或欧盟（European Union）】的外交事务。
国际关系词汇(整理)
中欧关系一．词汇：安全考虑：security consideration傲慢行为：arrogant behavior多极化：multiplicity霸权主义：hegemonism强权政治：power politics国家主权：national sovereignty民族资源：national resource边界谈判：boundary negotiation不结盟国家：non-aligned countries采取惩罚行动：take punitive actions采取高姿态：show magnanimity采取协调行动：take concerted steps常驻代表：permanent representative弹性外交：elastic diplomacy邓小平外交思想：Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调：low keyed电话协商：telephone negotiations独联体国家：Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)度假外交：holiday-making diplomacy附庸国：dependency高层次、全方位的对话：high-level and all-directional dialogue公认的国际关系原则：generally-accepted principles of international relations公使馆：legation公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序：a fair and rational new international political and economic order国际商会：International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)国际雇佣者组织：International Organization of Employers (IOE)国际关系的准则：norms governing international relations国际惯例：international common practice国际货币基金会：International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际金融组织：International Finance Corporation (IFC)国际聚焦：international spotlight国家不分大小，应该一律平等：All countries, big or small, should be equal.捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严：safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity 毫无根据的媒体报导：groundless media reports和平共处五项原则： the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence环太平洋地区：Pacific Rim缓和：détente联络处：liaison office领土管辖权：territorial jurisdiction领土毗连：territorial contiguity流血冲突：bloody conflict民间外交：people-to-people diplomacy贫穷国家：impoverished nation全方位外交：multi-faceted diplomacy伸张正义、主持公道：adhere to principles and uphold justice 神圣不可侵犯：sacred and inviolable审时度势：size up the situation推翻一个政权：topple a regime外交承认：diplomatic recognition外交纷争：diplomatic dispute外交攻势：diplomatic offensive外交使团：diplomatic mission外交政策的基石：cornerstone of a country's foreign policy万国公法：law of nations维持外交关系：maintain diplomatic relations维护世界和平：safeguard world peace武装冲突：armed conflict西方国家利益：Western interests总领事馆：consulate general发展中国家：developing country发达国家：developed country国际交往一．词汇中国共产党the Communist Party of China(CPC)中共中央总书记the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee国务院the State Council综合国力overall national strength和平统一peaceful reunification of the motherland一国两制One Country, Two Systems台湾同胞our compatriots in Taiwan海外侨胞overseas compatriots领土territory主权sovereignty紧张态势tension使用武力the use of force核武器nuclear weapons分裂活动separatist/splittist activities西藏the Tibet多极化multipolarity战略伙伴关系strategic partnership第三世界国家the Third World countries睦邻友好政策good-neighbor policy求同存异seek common ground while preserving(reserving)differences 霸权主义hegemony友好/国事访问 a goodwill(a state, an official)visit联合国安理会the UN Security Council恐怖主义terrorism大使ambassador大使馆embassy外交关系diplomatic relations代表团delegation平等互利equality and mutual benefits达成一致reach consensus on恢复行使主权resume the exercise of sovereignty over……伸张正义，主持公道adhere to principles and uphold justice南北对话South-North dialogue常驻代表permanent representative国际关系的准则norms governing international relations不结盟国家non-aligned countries不结盟政策non-aligned policy独联体国家Commonwealth of Independent States大国沙文主义superpower chauvinism暂时中断外交关系suspend diplomatic relations断绝外交关系sever diplomatic relations国书credentials召见summon外交辞令diplomatic parlance公告proclamation贺电message of greeting唁电message of condolences国际关系International Relations国际阵营international camp国际社会international community国际地位international position国际惯例international practice国际公约international convention国际条约international treaty超级大国superpower; VIP(Very Important Power) 不结盟国家non-aligned state傀儡国家puppet state外围势力国家peripheral power独立国independent state主权国sovereign state中立国neutral state君主国monarchy保护国（保护别国的）protective state附属国dependent country同盟国ally最惠国most favored nation东道国host country缔约国signatory/contracting state对抗国confrontation state交战国belligerent country国际公法International Law独立自主be independent and maintain oneself统一reunification领土；版图territory领空territorial air领海territorial sea租界concession联盟coalition议定书protocol毁约breach of promise宣言declaration; manifesto会谈纪要minutes of talks正式声明official statement非正式声明officious statement备忘录memorandum附件supplement; accessory抗议书protest memorandum联合国宪章the Charter of the United Nations波茨坦公告Potsdam Proclamation日内瓦公约Geneva Convention白/蓝/红/绿/褐皮书white/blue/red/green/brown book委任书letter of appointment捍卫国家主权，领土完整和民族尊严safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national dignity二．句型1.和平与发展是时代的主题，世界的和平与发展离开不开各个成员国的共同努力，以及通力合作。
外交官衔的英文表达
外交官衔的英文表达外交官衔（diplomatic rank）是外交与国际关系领域（world of diplomacy andinternational relations）使用的一套职业（professional）与社会（social）等级。
在19世纪前的传统欧洲外交（traditionalEuropeandiplomacy）中，每个国家都有自己的一套外交头衔。
各国官员级别的高低引发了不少争议。
大国（majornations）倾向于认为自己官员的级别高于小国（minornations）的同类官员，尤其在座次安排（tableseatings）方面。
为了解决这些问题，1815年维也纳会议（Congress of Vienna）正式确立了一套国际性的外交官衔。
其中包括：特命全权大使（AmbassadorExtraordinaryandPlenipotentiary）：国家元首（head of state）的正式代表（formal representative）。
梵蒂冈（the Holy See）同级别的（equivalent）罗马教廷大使叫papal nuncio。
在英联邦国家（Commonwealthcountries），同级别的官员通常是高级专员（High Commissioner），但他代表政府（government）而不是国家元首【可能因为它们的国家元首都是英国国王或女王】。
无任所大使（Ambassador-at-Large）：代表国家（representing the country）的最高级别外交官（diplomat），也叫公使（minister）。
大使负责某一个国家的外交代表机构/外交使团（diplomaticmission），但无任所大使往往负责若干个临近国家（neighboring countries）、地区（region）或政府间机构（intergovernmentalorganization）【例如联合国（UnitedNations）或欧盟（European Union）】的外交事务。
联合国秘书长潘基文在解放日报文化讲坛的讲话时间
联合国秘书长潘基文在解放日报文化讲坛的讲话时间:2010-11-09 20:27来源:口译网作者:口译网点击:1317次Remarks at "Cultural Forum"UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moonShanghai, China01 November 2010在解放日报报业集团“文化讲坛”上的讲话联合国秘书长潘基文2010年11月1日上海点击进入口译训练及下载页面Mr. Yin Minghua, President Jiefang Daily Group,Ambassador Li Baodong, Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations,Mr. Yang Zhenwu, Member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Shanghai Municipal Committee,Distinguished artists, writers, cultural figures and other guests,Ladies and Gentlemen,解放日报社长尹明华先生，中国常驻联合国代表李保东大使，中共上海市委常委杨振武先生，尊敬的各位艺术家、作家、文化界人士及其他嘉宾，女士们，先生们：I am delighted to be here ... and honoured to follow in the footsteps of so many prominent men and women who have taken part in this forum, including some of my UN colleagues. Thank you for this invitation.非常高兴能来到这里。
许多杰出人士都曾参与这个论坛，包括我在联合国的同事们，今天很高兴能够追随他们的脚步，与大家相聚。
国际关系词汇(整理)
中欧关系一．词汇：安全考虑：security consideration傲慢行为：arrogant behavior多极化：multiplicity霸权主义：hegemonism强权政治：power politics国家主权：national sovereignty民族资源：national resource边界谈判：boundary negotiation不结盟国家：non-aligned countries采取惩罚行动：take punitive actions采取高姿态：show magnanimity采取协调行动：take concerted steps常驻代表：permanent representative弹性外交：elastic diplomacy邓小平外交思想：Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调：low keyed电话协商：telephone negotiations独联体国家：Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)度假外交：holiday-making diplomacy附庸国：dependency高层次、全方位的对话：high-level and all-directional dialogue公认的国际关系原则：generally-accepted principles of international relations公使馆：legation公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序：a fair and rational new international political and economic order国际商会：International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)国际雇佣者组织：International Organization of Employers (IOE)国际关系的准则：norms governing international relations国际惯例：international common practice国际货币基金会：International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际金融组织：International Finance Corporation (IFC)国际聚焦：international spotlight国家不分大小，应该一律平等：All countries, big or small, should be equal.捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严：safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity 毫无根据的媒体报导：groundless media reports和平共处五项原则： the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence环太平洋地区：Pacific Rim缓和：détente联络处：liaison office领土管辖权：territorial jurisdiction领土毗连：territorial contiguity流血冲突：bloody conflict民间外交：people-to-people diplomacy贫穷国家：impoverished nation全方位外交：multi-faceted diplomacy伸张正义、主持公道：adhere to principles and uphold justice 神圣不可侵犯：sacred and inviolable审时度势：size up the situation推翻一个政权：topple a regime外交承认：diplomatic recognition外交纷争：diplomatic dispute外交攻势：diplomatic offensive外交使团：diplomatic mission外交政策的基石：cornerstone of a country's foreign policy万国公法：law of nations维持外交关系：maintain diplomatic relations维护世界和平：safeguard world peace武装冲突：armed conflict西方国家利益：Western interests总领事馆：consulate general发展中国家：developing country发达国家：developed country国际交往一．词汇中国共产党the Communist Party of China(CPC)中共中央总书记the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee国务院the State Council综合国力overall national strength和平统一peaceful reunification of the motherland一国两制One Country, Two Systems台湾同胞our compatriots in Taiwan海外侨胞overseas compatriots领土territory主权sovereignty紧张态势tension使用武力the use of force核武器nuclear weapons分裂活动separatist/splittist activities西藏the Tibet多极化multipolarity战略伙伴关系strategic partnership第三世界国家the Third World countries睦邻友好政策good-neighbor policy求同存异seek common ground while preserving(reserving)differences 霸权主义hegemony友好/国事访问 a goodwill(a state, an official)visit联合国安理会the UN Security Council恐怖主义terrorism大使ambassador大使馆embassy外交关系diplomatic relations代表团delegation平等互利equality and mutual benefits达成一致reach consensus on恢复行使主权resume the exercise of sovereignty over……伸张正义，主持公道adhere to principles and uphold justice南北对话South-North dialogue常驻代表permanent representative国际关系的准则norms governing international relations不结盟国家non-aligned countries不结盟政策non-aligned policy独联体国家Commonwealth of Independent States大国沙文主义superpower chauvinism暂时中断外交关系suspend diplomatic relations断绝外交关系sever diplomatic relations国书credentials召见summon外交辞令diplomatic parlance公告proclamation贺电message of greeting唁电message of condolences国际关系International Relations国际阵营international camp国际社会international community国际地位international position国际惯例international practice国际公约international convention国际条约international treaty超级大国superpower; VIP(Very Important Power) 不结盟国家non-aligned state傀儡国家puppet state外围势力国家peripheral power独立国independent state主权国sovereign state中立国neutral state君主国monarchy保护国（保护别国的）protective state附属国dependent country同盟国ally最惠国most favored nation东道国host country缔约国signatory/contracting state对抗国confrontation state交战国belligerent country国际公法International Law独立自主be independent and maintain oneself统一reunification领土；版图territory领空territorial air领海territorial sea租界concession联盟coalition议定书protocol毁约breach of promise宣言declaration; manifesto会谈纪要minutes of talks正式声明official statement非正式声明officious statement备忘录memorandum附件supplement; accessory抗议书protest memorandum联合国宪章the Charter of the United Nations波茨坦公告Potsdam Proclamation日内瓦公约Geneva Convention白/蓝/红/绿/褐皮书white/blue/red/green/brown book委任书letter of appointment捍卫国家主权，领土完整和民族尊严safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national dignity二．句型1.和平与发展是时代的主题，世界的和平与发展离开不开各个成员国的共同努力，以及通力合作。
中国常驻联合国代表团
中国常驻联合国代表团中华人民共和国常驻联合国代表团(英语:Permanent Mission of the People's Republic of China to the United Nations)是中华人民共和国政府在派驻于美国纽约的常驻联合国总部的外交代表机构。
1971年10月25日，联合国大会以76票支持、35票反对、17票弃权、3国未投票，通过《联合国大会2758号决议》:"恢复中华人民共和国政府在联合国的一切合法权利"。
1971年11月15日，中华人民共和国代表团首次出席联合国大会会议。
中华人民共和国外交部副部长乔冠华团长发表重要讲话。
1974年4月6日，邓小平率领中华人民共和国代表团出席联合国大会第六届特别会议。
4月10日，邓小平在大会发言，阐明了中华人民共和国的对外政策。
中国常驻联合国代表团地址位于美国纽约州纽约市东35街350号(350 EAST 35TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10016, USA)。
机构设置政治组:负责联合国安全理事会、联合国大会、托管理事会、建设和平委员会所处理的政治议题。
经济组:负责联合国大会、联大二委、经社理事会等所涉及的经济、金融及可持续发展议题。
社会组:负责联合国大会、联大三委、经社理事会等所涉及的人权和社会发展领域的议题以及中方竞选联合国机构的总协调。
发展组:负责联合国大会、经社理事会、发展援助机构、发展合作论坛关于发展援助业务、人道主义救灾援助、多边经贸合作等议题的审议。
科技组:负责科技领域的议题，中国与联合国的科技合作，以及通过联合国机构开展的多边科技合作。
法律组:负责联合国大会第六委员会及其他法律议题。
裁军组:负责联合国框架内的军控、裁军与防扩散相关事务。
行财组:负责联大行政和预算委员会(五委)、方案和协调委员会的会议活动及缴纳联合国摊款。
联工组:主管联合国涉及中国的人事工作，负责联合国人力资源管理、共同制度等议题。
国际关系专业英语英汉互译(论文资料)
国际关系专业英语英汉互译1、1997年10月中国国家主席江泽民访问美国，江主席与克林顿总统就建立面向21世纪的建设性战略伙伴关系达成了一致看法。
克林顿总统宣布，他将提前于今年（1998）6月底访华，以便进一步改善并促进中美关系的发展。
In October 1997, when China’s President JiangZemin visited the U.S., he and President Clinton reached agreement in the setting up of a constructive, strategic Partnership for the 21st Century. President Clinton has announced this year that he will move up his visit to China to the end of June in order to give fresh stimulus to the development and improvement of Sino-U.S. relations.2．谢谢！秘书长先生，主席先生及各位尊敬的代表，先生们、女士们：我们以和平为己任，会聚在这个大厅，我们所在的这座城市已留下了暴力的创伤，我们所在的这个国家正在危急中觉醒，我们所在的这个世界正团结一心，准备与恐怖势力进行长期的斗争。
今天，出席会议的每一位文明国家的代表都在以自己的决心，以最基本的文明准则向世界承诺：我们将坚决打击恐怖势力和非法暴力，保护我们自己，捍卫我们的未来。
Thank you. Mr. Secretary General, Mr. President, distinguished delegates and ladies and gentlemen. We meet in a hall devoted to peace, in a city scarred by violence, in a nation awakened to danger, in a world uniting for a long struggle. Every civilized nation here today is resolved to keep the most basic commitment of civilization: we will defend ourselves and our future against terror and lawless violence.3、国际关系发展事态的不可预见性常常弄得专家们措手不及，如：1989年柏林墙事件。
代表中国参加联合国演讲的英语稿范文
代表中国参加联合国演讲的英语稿范文Mr. President, esteemed delegates, and fellow citizens of the world, I stand before you today as a representative of the People's Republic of China, honored and privileged to address this esteemed gathering of nations. As we convene to discuss the most pressing global issues of our time, it is imperative that we embrace the values of cooperation, understanding, and mutual respect in our pursuit of a better world for all.At the heart of the Chinese approach to international relations lies the principle of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity. We firmly believe in the importance of upholding the UN Charter and international law to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all nations, big or small. China has consistently advocated for diplomacy and peaceful resolution of conflicts, and we remaincommitted to playing a constructive role in promoting global peace and development.China has been an ardent supporter of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, which are designed to address the most pressing challenges facing our world today. From poverty alleviation and environmental sustainability to gender equality and inclusive economic growth, China has made significant strides in achieving these goals within our own borders. We are also committed to supporting other developing countries in their pursuit of sustainable development, through initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, which seeks to foster infrastructure development and economic cooperation across regions.In the realm of climate change, China has taken proactive measures to reduce carbon emissions and transition towards a greener, more sustainable economy. We recognize the urgency of the climate crisis and are committed to working with theinternational community to combat this global threat. Through initiatives such as the Paris Agreement, China has demonstrated its commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and accelerating the transition towards renewable energy sources.China also recognizes the importance of global health security, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a responsible member of the international community, China has actively participated in global efforts to combat the pandemic, including sharing medical expertise, providing vaccines to developing countries, and supportinginternational cooperation in vaccine development and distribution. We believe that only through solidarity and mutual assistance can we effectively overcome such global health challenges.In conclusion, China remains committed to upholding the fundamental principles of the United Nations and workingcollaboratively with the international community to build a more prosperous, peaceful, and sustainable world. We arefully aware of the significant challenges that lie ahead, but we are also confident in our collective ability to address them through dialogue, cooperation, and mutual respect.Thank you.。