河海大学热能与动力工程毕业设计38~68m水头150MW水电站

摘要

本设计根据提供的原始资料对38~68m水头150MW水电站水电站的机电部分进行初步设计，设计内容包括四个部分：水轮机的选型、调节保证计算及调速设备的选择、辅助设备系统设计以及电气一次部分设计。

水轮机选型设计是整个设计的关键，根据原始资料，初步选出两种水轮机型号，共有20个待选方案。根据模型综合特性曲线选出3个较优方案，再进行经济技术比较及平均效率的计算，选出最优方案。最终选出的最优方案水轮机型号为HL260/D74，两台机组，转轮直径4.1m，转速136.4r/min，平均效率90.4%。计算最优方案进出水流道的主要尺寸及厂房的主要尺寸，绘制厂房剖面图。

调节保证计算首先选取导叶直线关闭时间，暂取7s。对设计水头和最高水头甩全负荷两种工况进行计算，使相应的ξ和β值不超过规程规定的数值，本设计ξmax=30～50%、βmax＜45%。由于本电站布置型式为单机单管，只要对一台机组甩全负荷进行计算。选取的接力器直径600mm，调速器为DT —150，油压装置为YZ—8。

辅助设备分别对油、气、水三大系统进行计算，水系统包括技术供水、消火和生活供水、检修排水、渗漏排水四部分。气系统主要对厂内高压和低压气系统进行计算，并选择相应储气罐和空气压缩机。绘制水、气系统图各一份。

电气一次部分对接入系统和主接线进行设计，本设计中送电电压等级220KV ，两回路，送电导线型号LGJ-240。主接线设计包括对发电机电压侧、送电电压侧、近区负荷侧及厂用自用电侧四部分考虑。并拟定短路点进行短路电流的计算，选择配套的电气设备。发电机出口侧选用

—120000/220*，送电电压侧选用外桥接线，近区负荷侧采用发电单元接线，主变型号为SSPL

1

机电压直配架空线供近区负荷，按过电压保护的要求进行校核。自用电负荷侧采用单母线分段接线。

整个毕业设计将综合运用计算机办公自动化、计算机辅助设计、机械制图、专业英语、水轮机及水轮机调节等专业课知识，在设计过程中培养了我独立分析问题及解决问题的综合能力。

设计：崔原浩

Abstract

The original design calculates tentatively the electromechanical part of the power station of Caocun according to the firsthand information offered. The design content includes four parts: selecting the type of the hydraulic turbine, the calculation of regulation and guaranty and adjusting the choice of the speed equipment, the design of the auxiliary equipment system and the plan of electric part.

It is important for the whole design that selecting the type of hydraulic turbine. According to the firsthand information, tentatively select two kinds of hydraulic turbine types, there are 20 schemes in all waiting to be selected. I select 3 more excellent schemes according to the model comprehensive characteristic curve and then carry on the calculation of economic technology comparing and average efficiency, at last I select the optimum scheme. The hydraulic turbine type of the optimum scheme is HL260/D74, Two units. The diameter of the runner is 4.1m, rotational speed is 136.4r/min and the efficiency on average is 90.4%. Count the main size of the river’s passing in and out way and the main size of the factory building and draw the cross-section system of factory building.

At first, the plan requires me to choose the straight closing time of blade in the calculation of regulation and guaranty, so I temporarily choose 7s. It requires me to calculate the operating modes of the designing flood peak and supreme flood peak in swinging full-load and make the corresponding ξ with β worth do not exceed the value of rule’s stipulation. This design requiresξmax=30～50% and βmax＜45%. Since this power station arrangement type is single machine for disposing single pipe, I only calculate a unit for swinging full-load. The servomotor diameter that selected is 600mm, governor is DT—150，Oil pressure installation is YZ—8.

Supplementary equipment is calculated respectively for oil, air and water systems. Water system includes technical water supply, the water supply of fire control, life water supply, the system of overhaul to drain and drain with seepage system. It calculates mainly for the air system of low voltage and the high voltage in factory of air system and selects corresponding gas tank and air compressor. I should draw a copy of water and air system.

Electrical part consists of receiving into system and the main wiring’s design. The voltage grade of transmitting power is 220KV, and the line uses two circuits. The wire type of transmitting power is LGJ-240. The main wiring includes side of the generator’s voltage, transmitting power in the voltage side, nearly district load side and factory use by oneself in the electric side. Choose short circuit point and calculate short circuit electric current, then choose related electric equipment. The exit side of the generator adopts unit wiring, the type of the main voltage transformer is SSPL1—120000/220*, Transmitting power in the voltage side selects the other bridge wiring. Generator voltage applies the overhead wire directly to nearly district load. Check according to the requirement that the voltage protects. The electric load side using by oneself adopts single bus bar segment wiring.

The whole graduation project will use the office automation of the computer synthetically, CAD, mechanical drawing, specialized English, specialized course knowledge including hydraulic turbine and hydraulic turbine, etc. It has trained me that analyzing the problem and solving the integration capability of the problem independently in the course of designing.

ii