Geoffrey Chaucer坎特伯雷故事集PPT课件
坎特伯雷故事集
坎特伯雷故事集坎特伯雷故事集是英国文学史上的经典之作，由乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）所著。
这部作品以其生动的描写和多样的人物形象而闻名于世，被誉为中世纪英国文学的巅峰之作。
故事集以一群前往坎特伯雷朝圣的人物为背景，他们在旅途中相互讲述各自的故事，内容涵盖了爱情、冒险、幽默等多种题材，展现了中世纪社会的风貌和人性的丰富多彩。
《坎特伯雷故事集》的魅力在于其丰富多彩的人物形象和生动有趣的故事情节。
作者通过描绘各种性格迥异的人物，展现了中世纪社会的多样性和复杂性。
从骑士到修女，从商人到学生，每个人物都有着自己独特的性格特点和生活经历，他们的故事内容各不相同，有的感人肺腑，有的令人捧腹大笑，有的充满冒险和惊险。
在《坎特伯雷故事集》中，爱情是一个贯穿始终的主题。
作者通过不同人物的爱情故事，展现了中世纪社会对爱情的不同理解和态度。
有的故事充满了浪漫和激情，有的充满了坎坷和磨难，有的则展现了爱情的坚贞和忠诚。
这些故事不仅反映了中世纪社会的爱情观念，也给人们带来了深刻的思考和感悟。
除了爱情，冒险也是《坎特伯雷故事集》中的重要主题。
在朝圣的旅途中，人物们经历了种种惊险的历险，有的是为了追求财富和荣耀，有的是为了拯救自己或他人的生命。
这些冒险故事不仅展现了人物们的勇气和智慧，也揭示了中世纪社会的黑暗和残酷。
作者通过这些故事，向人们展现了一个真实而多姿多彩的中世纪世界。
总的来说，《坎特伯雷故事集》以其丰富多彩的人物形象和生动有趣的故事情节，展现了中世纪社会的风貌和人性的丰富多彩。
这部作品不仅是英国文学史上的经典之作，也是世界文学史上的瑰宝。
它的价值在于不仅是一部文学作品，更是一部社会历史的写照，一部人性的探索，一部思想的启迪。
通过阅读《坎特伯雷故事集》，我们可以更好地了解中世纪社会的风土人情，感受人性的多样性和丰富性，思考爱情、冒险等永恒的主题。
这部作品将继续为后人所珍视和传颂，为人类文明的发展作出不朽的贡献。
The_Canterbury_Tales剖析.
Tale • The Canon's Yeoman‘s Prologue
and Tale • The Manciple's Prologue and Tale • The Parson's Prologue and Tale • Chaucer's Retraction
信徒来自全国东西南北，
• 田野复苏吐出芳草绿绿；
众人结伴奔向坎特伯雷，
• 碧蓝的天空腾起一轮红日， 去朝谢医病救世的恩主，
• 青春的太阳洒下万道金辉。 以缅怀大恩大德的圣徒。
• 小鸟的歌喉多么清脆优美，
• 迷人的夏夜怎好安然入睡——
• 那是个初夏方临的日子， • 我到泰巴旅店投宿歇息； • 怀着一颗虔诚的赤子心， • 我准备翌日出发去朝圣。 • 黄昏前后华灯初上时分， • 旅店院里涌入很多客人； • 二十九人来自各行各业， • 不期而遇都到旅店过夜。
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400)
Position in British literature
1) “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England. 2) Forerunner of humanism. 3) The first realistic writer. 4) Master of the English language.
Pilgrims on their way to Canterbury
• 夏雨给大地带来了喜悦，
美丽的自然撩拨万物的心弦，
• 送走了土壤干裂的三月，
英国文学史及选读课件 3 Geoffrey Chaucer
叙述风格
采用现实主义和浪漫主义 相结合的叙述风格，语言 生动幽默，富有诗意。
人物形象塑造与主题思想
人物形象
塑造了各种鲜明的人物形象，如 骑士、修女、商人、农民等，反
映了当时社会的多样性。
主题思想
探讨了爱情、婚姻、道德、宗教、 社会等主题，表达了对人性的深刻 洞察和对社会现实的批判。
文学价值
《坎特伯雷故事集》被誉为英国文 学的经典之作，对后来的英国文学 产生了深远影响。
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PART 03
Geoffrey Chaucer其他 代表作品选读
REPORTING
Troilus and Criseyde《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》
故事背景
以古希腊特洛伊战争为背景，讲 述了特罗勒斯与克丽西德的爱情
在世界文学史上的地位和评价
在世界文学史上的地位
Geoffrey Chaucer被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，他的作品代表了英国文学的最高成 就之一。他的诗歌不仅在英国文学史上占有重要地位，而且对世界文学的发展产 生了深远的影响。
在世界文学史上的评价
Geoffrey Chaucer的作品在世界文学史上得到了广泛的认可和赞誉。他的作品被 翻译成多种语言，在世界各地广为流传。他被认为是一位具有世界影响力的伟大 作家，他的作品对于理解人类文化、历史和情感具有重要意义。
不同文化语境下Geoffrey Chaucer作品接受度分析
要点一
不同文化语境对Geoffrey Chaucer作品接受…
由于不同文化语境下读者的价值观念、审美趣味、文化传 统等方面存在差异，因此对Geoffrey Chaucer作品的接受 度也会有所不同。
要点二
英国文学课件整理
The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale（Geoffrey Chaucer）•And whan I sawgh he would nevere fine•To reden on this cursed book al night,•Al sodeinly three leves have I plight•Out of his book right as he redde, and eke•I with my fist so took him on the cheeke•That in oure fir he fil backward adown.•And up he sterte as dooth a wood leoun,•And with his fist he smoot me on he heed•That in the floor I lay as I were dead.•And whan he sawth how stille that I lay,•Til atte laste out of my swough I braide:•“O hastou slain me, false thief?”I saide,•“ And for my land thus hastou mordred me?•Er I be deed yit wol I kisse thee”•And neer he cam and kneeled faire adown,•And saide, “Dere suster Alisoun,•As help me God, I shal thee nevere smite.•That I have doon, it is thyself to wite.•Foryif it me, and that I thee biseeke”•And yit eftsoones I hitte him on the cheeke,•And saide, “Thief, thus muchel am I wreke.•Now wol I die: I may no lenger speke.”•But at the laste with muchel care and wo•We fille accorded by us selven two.•He yaf me al the bridel in myn hand,•To han the governance of hours and land,•And of his tonge and his land also;•And made him brenne his book annonright tho.•And whan that I hadde geten unto me•By maistrye al the sovreinetee,•And that he saide, “Myn owene trewe wif,•Do as thee lust the terme of al thy lif;•Keep thyn honour, and keep eek myn estat,”•After that day we hadde nevere debat.•God help me so, I was to him as kinde•As any wif from Denmark unto Inde,•And also trewe, and so was he to me.•I prayer to God that sit in majestee,•So blesse his soule for his mercy dere.•Now wol I say my tale if ye wol heere.paradise lostOf man’s first disobedience, and the fruitOf that forbidden tree whose mortal taste Brought death into the world, and all our woe, With loss of Eden, till greater ManRestore us, and regain the blissful seat,Sing, Heavenly Muse, that on the secret topOf Oreb, or of Sinai, didst inspireThat shepherd who first taught the chosen seedIn the beginning how the heavens and earth Rose out Chaos: or, if Sion hillDelight thee more, and Siloa’s brook that flowed Fast by the oracle of God, I thenceInvoke thy aid to my adventurous song,That with no middle flight intends to soarAbove th’ Aonian mount, while it pursues Things unattempted yet I prose or rhyme.And chiefly thou, O’Spirit, that dost prefer Before all temples th’upright heart and pure, Instruct me, for thou know’st, thou from the first Wast present, and with mighty wings outspread Dovelike sat’st brooding on the vast abyss,And mad’st pregnant what in me is dark Illumine; what is low, raise and support;That to the height of this great argumentI may assert Eternal Providence,And justify the ways of God to men.Say first (for Heaven hides nothing from thy view, Nor the deep tract of Hell), say first what cause Moved our grand parents, in that happy state, Favored of Heaven so highly, to fall offFrom their Creator, and transgress his willFor one restraint, lords of the world besides? Who first seduced them to that foul revolt?High on a throne of royal state, which far Outshone the wealth of Ormus and of IndOr where the gorgeous East with richest hand Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold, Satan exalted sat, by merit raisedTo that bad eminence, and from despairThus high uplifted beyond hope, aspireBeyond thus high, insatiate to pursueVain war with Heaven; and by success untaught, His proud imaginations thus displayed: “Powers and dominions, deities of Heaven!For since no deep within her gulf can hold Immortal vigor, though oppressed and fallen,I give not Heaven for lost: from the descent Celestial virtues rising will appearMore glorious and more dread than from no fall, And trust themselves to fear no second fate.Me though just right and the fixed laws of Heaven Did first create your leader, next, free choice, With what besides, in council or in fight,Hath been achieved of merit, yet this lossThus far at least recovered, hath much more Established in a safe unenvied throneYielded with full content. The happier stateEnvy from each inferior; but who hereWill envy whom the highest place exposes Foremost to stand against the Thunderer’s aim, Your bulwark, and condemns to greatest shareOf endless pain? Where there is then no goodFor which to strive, no strife can grow up there From faction; for none sure will claim in Hell Precedence, none, whose portion is so smallWill covet more. With this advantage thenTo claim our just inheritance of old,Surer to prosper than prosperityCould have assured us; and by what best way, Whether of open war or convert guileWe now debate; who can advise, may speak.”Sir Gawain and the Green KnightSir Gawain was Arthur’s nephew. In English stories, he is always described as a brave, honest and loyal knight.According to the story, King Arthur and his Round Table Knights were holding their New Year’s banquet at Camelot when a tall knight dressed in green and riding on a green horse came in, holding a huge axe in his hand. He challenged a knight to cut his head off on condition that the knight agreed to have his head cut off a year after. Gawain accepted the challenge and cut off the Green Knight’s head.. The knight picked up his head and rode away.Soon after that, Gawain set off to look for the Green Knight to receive his cut. After going through many strange adventures, on Christmas Eve Gawain came upon a beautiful castle where he was well entertained. He agreed to stay on till New Year’s Day since he was told that the Green Knight lived nearby. The lord of the castle made an agreement with Gawain that each day he himself would go hunting, and Gawain stay in the castle, and in the evening they would exchange what they had got during the day.For three days the lord went hunting but Gawain had to resist the temptation of the beautiful lady of the castle, who gave him one kiss on the first day, two on the second, and on the third day three kisses and a girdle which had magic power and would save his life. Each evening Gawain exchanged the kisses with his host for animals killed in the hunt; but on the third evening he kept the girdle, thinking that it would protect him when he met the Green Knight and received the cut. In this way he broke his promise.On the New Year’s Day, Gawain was brought to the Green Knight. He bent over for the cut he had promised to accept. The Green Knight raised his axe and brought it down, but he stopped himself at the last moment, for Gawain had moved a little because of fear. The Green Knight laughed at him. Gawain got ashamed and angry and urged the Green Knight to finish his job quickly. The Green Knight lifted his axe to cut, but again held it in the air. He praised Gawain for not moving this time. The third time the Green Knight made a slight cut in Gawain’s neck. Then he explained that he was the lord of the castle in a different form, and that the cut in the neck had been made because Gawain was full of shame and threw the girdle away. But the Green Knight forgives him and gave him the girdle as a gift.高文爵士是亚瑟王的外甥。
中古英语时期：Geoffrey_Chaucer_(杰弗里。乔叟)
3. The third or the English period, his best period (1387-1400) The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》 His masterpiece and a representative works of the Middle Ages.
无忧PPT整理发布
III. The Canterbury Tales
1. It has 24 stories. 2.It is the description of the pilgrims（ 朝圣者 ）who tell stories. 3. It is about the life of ordinary people. 4. It gives vivid characters, with humor and satire（讽刺）.
无忧PPT整理发布
8. The significance of The Canterbury Tales 1).It gives a comprehensive picture of Chaucer’s time. The gentle class--- the burgher（市民）---- the professionals 2). The dramatic structure of the poem: the stories are well woven by “links”. 3). Chaucer’s humor----- characteristics feature of English literature ---- gentle satire and mild irony.
Heroic Couplet: the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. (英雄双韵体) Iambic Pentameter: is the most common English meter, in which each foot contains an unaccented syllable and an accented syllable. (五音步抑扬格 )
65第二节《十日谈》与《坎特伯雷故事集》PPT课件
商人智胜贪财美女（八10－568） 贞洁寡妇掉包计赚色狼教士（八4－526） 学者惩罚狠心寡妇（八7－544）
《坎特伯雷故事集》：
赦罪僧故事；公鸡寓言。
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2、形式上： 皆具有框架结构的特色（东方渊源：
《五卷书》《一千零一夜》），采用现 实主义手法和幽默讽刺手法。
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三、文学史问题讨论：情欲故事 如何评价？
《十日谈》与《坎特伯雷故事集》中 的“庸俗情趣故事”——《十日谈》 洁本与足本对照：被删除的故 事……《坎特伯雷故事集》磨坊主 与管家互相攻讦（jie）的故事。
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多维度评价：
1、时代维度——把问题提到一定的历 史限度：矫枉过正＝从禁欲主义到纵 欲主义。
2、民俗文化维度——草根趣味、文化 狂欢；与中古鄙俗故事（fabliau，滑 稽、讽刺、粗野的喜剧性故事，以法 国为盛）有渊源关系。
故事集是欧洲第一部现实主义文学作 品，欧洲近代短篇小说的奠基之作。
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《十日谈》插图与绘画
《十日谈》插图：
佛罗伦萨流行瘟 绘画：绮丝梦达与
疫
纪斯卡多
绘画：杨诺与亚伯拉罕
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波提切利《十 日谈》题材绘 画：老实人纳 斯塔基奥的故 事
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2. 乔叟（1340——1400）与《坎特伯 雷故事集》
收有24个故事，读法：总引＋开场白 ＋故事（例如，巴斯妇,The Wife of Bath；武士侍从；女尼；磨坊主；厨师； 法役等），创立了双韵体诗。
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写在最后
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坎特伯雷故事集
坎特伯雷故事集引言《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales），是14世纪英国作家杰弗里·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）创作的一部长篇叙事诗。
它被认为是英国中世纪文学史上的经典之作，堪称是欧洲文学史上最重要的文学作品之一。
本文将向读者介绍《坎特伯雷故事集》的背景、内容、创作意图以及对世界文学产生的影响。
1. 背景《坎特伯雷故事集》的创作年代可以追溯到14世纪后期，这个时期正值英国中世纪文学的巅峰时期。
乔叟在这一时代背景下，借鉴了欧洲各国的文学和文化，将这些情节融入到他自己的创作中。
乔叟的创作灵感来源于他作为卡尼基盖特朝圣旅行的成员之一。
在这趟旅行中，乔叟有机会接触到各种不同社会阶层的人，并通过他们的方式和文化特征来表达出他对当时社会现实的看法。
2. 内容《坎特伯雷故事集》以一群来自不同社会阶层和职业的朝圣者为背景，他们在前往坎特伯雷朝圣之途中相聚在一起分享各自的故事，由此构成了整个故事集。
故事集具有很高的叙事技巧，乔叟通过这些故事展现了当时英国社会的各个方面，包括宗教、政治、爱情、道德等。
这些故事中的人物栩栩如生，个性各异。
他们的言谈举止、行为互动都展现了当时社会的风貌。
其中一些故事受到了古代希腊和罗马文学的影响，同时也展现了乔叟对中世纪欧洲社会现象的洞察力。
3. 创作意图《坎特伯雷故事集》通过故事和人物塑造展示了乔叟对社会现象和人性的独特见解。
乔叟试图打破当时传统文学的限制，通过情节和人物的多元性来展示人性的复杂性。
此外，乔叟还试图通过这部作品批判当时社会的道德堕落和贪婪行为，以期唤起读者对社会问题的关注和反思。
4. 对世界文学的影响《坎特伯雷故事集》对世界文学产生了深远的影响。
它被认为是英语文学发展的里程碑，不仅在当时产生了广泛的影响，而且影响了后来的许多作家。
乔叟以其独特的叙事技巧和对社会现象的深入剖析，开创了以普通人作为主角的文学创作模式，如同后来的威廉·莎士比亚在戏剧中展现了各个社会阶层的人物。
geoffrey_chaucer2
The significance of The Canterbury Tales
V. Scansion 韵律分析
• Scansion is the process of measuring斟酌 verse, identifying its prevailing meter 韵律, 格律 and rhythm 节奏, and accounting for deviations from the metrical pattern. In scanning a poem, we try to determine its dominant rhythm and meter, and to account for variations from the norm.
Prologue
The Tales
The famous ones are the story of : 1) the wife of Bath（巴斯夫人）, 2) the Knight（骑士）, 3) the Pardoner（卖赎罪卷者）, 4) the Nun’s Priest（尼姑的教士）, 5) the Prologue（序诗）.
Father of English Poetry
Content
• I. Chaucer’s Life
• II. Chaucer’s Literary Career
• III. The Artistic Features
• IV. The Canterbury Tales
• V. Scansion
Ⅰ. Life of Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
– Affirm man's right to pursue earthly happiness – Praise man's energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life – Expose and satirize the social vices, including religious abuses
乔叟的介绍Geoffrey-ChaucerPPT演示课件
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•Born in 1343, not long after 100 Years’ war began
•Middle class family (father – merchant)
4. Who is the first person that the narrator begins his introduction?
5. Why does the narrator think of this man as “a most distinguished man”?
3
Geoffrey Chaucer
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Literature
•1st poem, The Book of the Duchess, about John of Gaunt’s wife who had died of the plague. •1387 – began The Canterbury Tales – never completed it. •Considered one of the greatest works of the English Language. •Left a great picture of life during the Middle Ages. •Favorite rhyme scheme is the couplet.
• John of Gaunt (the duke of Lancaster) died in 1399, the year before Chaucer died
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Geoffrey Chaucer
英国文学第一课第二讲坎特伯雷故事-乔叟
Chaucer’s Literary Career
1.
The period of French influence(1359-1372): The Book of the Duchess, The Romance of the Rose
2.
The Period of Italian influence(1372-1386):The House of Fame,
Chaucer’s contributions to English language
Chaucer’s language, now called Middle English, is vivid and exact. His verse is smooth. He introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which was later called the ―heroic couplet‖ to English poetry. Though drawing influence from French, Italian and Latin models, he is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The spoken English of the time consisted of several dialects, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.
演示文稿1
The analysis of The Canterbury Tales :
This is the first model of English literature realism, far higher than any other works during that time. This work is a comedy combines humor with irony. All the characters and the languages are represented vividly. Chaucer utilized the London dialect, which laid a foundation of English literature language. Most of them in double rhyme verse which has influenced the future of the British literature deeply and widely used by other poets, from then on Chaucer is known as “the father of English poetry”.
Fren72)
He mainly imitated the French poets, wrote the Book of the Duchess (1369), and translated the French middle ages narrative poem-’the legend of rose with London dialect.
Mature Period (1386-1440) (Representative works):
凯特伯雷故事集ppt
II. The Canterbury Tales
i. Historical Background:
Background
Merchants and craftsmen became a new force who took the place of old noblemen to push English society to stride into capitalism(资本主义）.
Pilgrimages(朝圣）were very popular. The most famous pilgrimage in England itself was the journey to Canterbury. People believed that Thomas Becket, who had been murdered in Canterbury Cathedral, could help the sick and answer prayers. The Wife of Bath, another of Chaucer’s pilgrims, has even been as far as Jerusalem on a pilgrimage. Some people became pilgrims for authentic(真实的）religious reasons. However, many treat it as a holiday.）
His literary Career
Chaucer’s literary career can be divided into three periods:
(i). the period of French influence (1360-1372). (ii). the period of Italian influence (1372-1386), especially of Dante and Boccaccio.
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目录CONTENTS
1.Introduction 2.Cultural context 3.Development of Chaucer’s composition 4.Introduction of <the Canterbury Tales> 5.Contents 6.Rhythm nguage 8. Details 9.Social problems
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• Peak • <The Canterbury Tales>
Vivid characters Typical qualities Individual dispositions
• Realism and Humanism
9/22/Leabharlann 0207Chaucer’s achievement
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Introduction
Geoffrey Chaucer(1342—1400)
1.A famous writer in Middle Age 2.He has a variety of life experiences 3.the heroic couplet（英雄双韵体）: Iambic pentameter（五步抑扬格) and Couplet(双韵体) 4.The Canterbury Tales（1387-1400）
• 1.He presented a comprehensive realistic picture of his age and created a whole gallery of vivid characters in his works, especially in The Canterbury Tales.
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The Canterbury Tales
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Introduction
1. It was written in the years between 1387 1400
2. It contains 24 stories
3. In this work, Chaucer created a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama（全景） of his time and his country, and it’s a comprehensive picture of the social reality of the poet’s day.
Example: <Basill, and Clay West Germany>
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• In his middle stage, from 1337 • visit continent of Europe
• Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio
• Realism, humanism, against feudalism and religion（反封建反宗教）
• 2.He anticipated a new ear, the Renaissance, to come under the influence of the Italian writers.
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Chaucer’s achievement
• 3.He developed his characterization to a higher level by presenting characters with both typical qualities and individual dispositions.
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Cultural context
• 乔叟的诗歌创作分为三个时期： • ①法国影响时期（1359～1372）:Translation and imitation of France
literature such as《The Book of the Duchess 》(悼公爵夫人(1369)). Translated long poem of France Middle Age 《Roman de la Rose》 (玫瑰传奇) in London dialect. • ②意大利影响时期（1372～1386）:Chaucer contacted with bourgeoisie humanism. 《The Parliament of Fowles》(百鸟会议)、 《 Troilus and Criseyde》(特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德 (c. 1385) ) 、《The Legend of Good Women》(好女人的故事)，all of them are the reflection of humanism. • ③成熟时期（1386～1400）: Chaucer created《 The Canterbury Tales 》in his last 15 years. He initiated the Heroic Couplet. He was honoured as “the Father of English poetry”
• 4.He greatly contributed to the maturing of English poetry. Today, Chaucer’s reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and humanity.
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Development of Chaucer’s work
• In his early stage.
influenced by Italy and France literature.
Knight’s Tales
Lyric poetry
English literature
Beast fable