初中八种时态详解和练习

1：一般现在时用法

例句：

American drinks a lot of coffee.

Jack is very busy at the moment.

The earth travels around the sun.

As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll ring you up.

--When does the bus start?

1.一般现在时的基本构成

主语+动词原型

主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，动词用第三人称单数形式，其它人称主语动词用原形。

2. 一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性的动作

用于说明一个经常性、习惯性的动作。这时句中常用often, usually, every day, sometimes等时间状语。

He goes to school at six every day.

2）现在的状态和主语的特征

We like surfing the Internet in our spare time.

3. 一般现在时的特殊用法

1) 事实和真理

表示现在的状态、特征和按常理应该存在的情况，表示普遍真理或客观事实。

My parents live in a village near Shanghai.

In autumn, leaves change from green to yellow.

The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.

2) 代替将来时

(1) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时：

在由when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中

由if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中

If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.

Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she comes back.

(2) 用于时间表、日程表中，表示按计划要发生的动作，这时句中都带有时间状语，表示往返移动(come, go, arrive, leave, move, drive)或开始结束的动词(begin, end, open, close, start, stop)，用一般式表将来。

The train leaves at nine in the morning. 火车上午九点出发。

--It starts in ten minutes. 再过10分钟。

4. 一般现在时常用的时间标志词：

通常与表示频度的副词如often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等

和时间状语如in the evening, at night, twice a month, every day / week / month / year, on Sundays 等连用。

2：一般过去时

例句：He saw Mr. Wang yesterday.

I often went swimming last summer.

My teacher didn’t tell me the fact.

Did you attend the party yesterday?

1.一般过去时的基础构成：

主语+动词过去式

2. 一般过去时的用法

1) 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，，通常一般过去时带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,

He lived in Paris until he was ten.

2) 过去的习惯动作，常与时间状语every day, usually等连用。

I often went to see my aunt last year.

3) 配合时态上的一致，用过去时。

He told me his mother was ill.

3. 一般过去时常用的时间标志词

yesterday, the day before last, last week,

at that time, then, at that moment,

yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…), last night (week, month, year…),

一段时间+ ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago, long long ago

in 1990, just now, long before,.

上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。

3：一般将来时

例句：I will go back to school tomorrow.

Will you go to Paris with me?

My brother is going to arrive here..

1.一般将来时的基础构成

1）由will/won’t加动词原形构成，可用于一切人称。当主语I或we是时，也可用shall/shan’t 加动词原形。

2）be going to do sth.

3) 例句：There is going to be a match this evening.

There will be a wonderful concert this month.

There be句型的将来时：（注意：其中的be不变）

There will be…

There is/are going to be…

2. 一般将来时的用法

1) will/won’t表示预测的将来，即认为某事肯定会发生；还可表示将来的意愿；将来的事实。The weather will be good tomorrow.

You look tired. I’ll cook dinner tonight.

I’ll be thirteen years old next month.

2) “be going to +动词原形”表示即将发生，或最近打算进行的。

It is going to rain.

We are going to have a meeting today.