linux下Nginx+tomcat整合的安装与配置

linux下Nginx+tomcat整合的安装与配置目的：搭建Nginx与tomcat整合，用Nginx代替apache步骤：一、安装Tomcat和JDK1、上传apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz和jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin至/usr/local2、执行如下命令安装tomcat：查看打印?1.2.#cd /usr/local3.#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz解压完成后将apache-tomcat-6.0.18重命名为tomcat3、执行如下命令安装JDK:查看打印?1.2.#./jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin4、配置环境变量：编辑/etc下的profile文件，加上如下内容：查看打印?1.2.JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_12"3.CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"4.PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin "5.6.CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"7.export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME5、启动tomcat并输入http://localhost:8080，如果看到猫的页面即tomcat和jdk安装成功6、新建文件目录/home/www为网站存放目录，设置server.xml文件，在Hostname="localhost"处将appBase=的指向路径改为/home/www/web7、创建index.jsp至/home/www/web/ROOT，内容为：“My web!”二、安装Nginx1、上传nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz至/usr/local2、执行如下命令解压nginx：查看打印?1.#cd /usr/local2.#tar zxvf nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz3、编译安装nginx查看打印?1.#cd nginx-0.7.632.#./configure --with-http_stub_status_module--with-http_ssl_module #启动server状态页和https模块执行完后会提示一个错误，说缺少PCRE library 这个是HTTP Rewrite 模块，也即是url静态化的包可上传pcre-7.9.tar.gz，输入如下命令安装：查看打印?1.#tar zxvf pcre-7.9.tar.gz2.#cd pcre-7.93.#./configure4.#make5.#make install安装pcre成功后，继续安装nginx查看打印?1.#cd nginx-0.7.632.#./configure3.#make4.#make install4、nginx安装成功后的安装目录为/usr/local/nginx在conf文件夹中新建proxy.conf，用于配置一些代理参数，内容如下：查看打印?01.#!nginx (-)02.# proxy.conf03.proxy_redirect off;04.proxy_set_header Host $host;05.proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #获取真实ip06.#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip07.client_max_body_size 10m;08.client_body_buffer_size 128k;09.proxy_connect_timeout 90;10.proxy_send_timeout 90;11.proxy_read_timeout 90;12.proxy_buffer_size 4k;13.proxy_buffers 432k;14.proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;15.proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;编辑安装目录下conf文件夹中的nginx.conf，输入如下内容查看打印?001.002.#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组003.#user www www;004.005.#启动进程数006.worker_processes 8;007.#全局错误日志及PID文件008.error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;009.010.pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;011.012.#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be openedby this process.013.014.worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;015.#工作模式及连接数上限016.events017.{018. use epoll;019. worker_connections 65535;020.}021.#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持022.http023.{024. #设定mime类型025. include mime.types;026. default_type application/octet-stream;027. include /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;028. #charset gb2312;029. #设定请求缓冲030. server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;031. client_header_buffer_size 32k;032. large_client_header_buffers 432k;033. client_max_body_size 8m;034.035. sendfile on;036. tcp_nopush on;037.038. keepalive_timeout 60;039.040. tcp_nodelay on;041.042.# fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;043.# fastcgi_send_timeout 300;044.# fastcgi_read_timeout 300;045.# fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;046.# fastcgi_buffers 464k;047.# fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;048.# fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;049.050.# gzip on;051.# gzip_min_length 1k;052.# gzip_buffers 416k;053.# gzip_http_version 1.0;054.# gzip_comp_level 2;055.# gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/cssapplication/xml;056.# gzip_vary on;057.058. #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;059. ###禁止通过ip访问站点060. server{061. server_name _;062. return404;063. }064.065.066. server067. {068. listen 80;069. server_name localhost;070. index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址071. root /home/www/web/ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径072.073. #limit_conn crawler 20;074.075. location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理076. {077. index index.jsp;078. proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;#转向tomcat处理079. }080.081.082. location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat083. {084. expires 30d;085. }086.087. location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$088. {089. expires 1h;090. }091.092.#定义访问日志的写入格式093. log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]"$request" '094. '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '095. '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; 096. access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径097.098. }099.100.101.102.103.}5、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：查看打印?1.2.#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：打印?1.2.the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok3. the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf wastested successfully如果提示unknown host，则可在服务器上执行：ping 如果也是同样提示unknown host则有两种可能：a、服务器没有设置DNS服务器地址，查看/etc/resolv.conf下是否设置，若无则加上b、防火墙拦截6、启动nginx的命令查看打印?1.2.#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx这时，输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：查看打印?1.2.ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v "grep"| awk -F ' ''{print$2}'7、停止nginx的命令查看打印?1.2.#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop8、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置a、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：查看1.2./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：查看打印?1.2. the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax isok3. the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf wastested successfullyb、这时，输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：查看打印?1.2.ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v "grep"| awk -F ' ''{print$2}'屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：6302这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：查看打印?1.kill -HUP 6302或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：查看打印?1.kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`9、nginx启动好后启动tomcat，此时输入http://主机ip地址即可看到“My web!”三、其他stub_status语法: stub_status on默认值: None作用域: location创建一个location 区域启用stub_status"stub status" 模块返回的状态信息跟mathopd's 的状态信息很相似. 返回的状态信息如下：查看打印?1.Active connections: 2912.server accepts handled requests3.1663094816630948310704654.Reading: 6Writing: 179Waiting: 106active connections -- 对后端发起的活动连接数server accepts handled requests -- nginx 总共处理了16630948 个连接, 成功创建16630948 次握手(证明中间没有失败的), 总共处理了31070465 个请求(平均每次握手处理了1.8个数据请求)reading -- nginx 读取到客户端的Header信息数writing -- nginx 返回给客户端的Header信息数waiting -- 开启keep-alive 的情况下，这个值等于active - (reading + writing)，意思就是Nginx说已经处理完正在等候下一次请求指令的驻留连接。