轮机英语试题二十四

试题二十四一、单项选择题：1.Bedplates are the ______of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignment inparticular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A. hullB. projectionC. graphiticationD. foundation2.Which of the two events listed occurs simultaneously in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine?A. Exhaust and scavenging.B. Scavenging and compression.C. Ignition and expansion.D. Exhaust and compression.3.Which of the following may lead to the engine NOT to start on air?A. starting air pressure too high.B. correct timing of starting air valves.C. three of the six starting valves stuck..D. the turning gear disengaged.4.The lowest temperature required to cause self-sustained combustion of a substanceindependent of any outside source of ignition is called ______.A. explosive rangeB. flash pointC. ignition temperatureD. combustiontemperature5.The function of a lubricating oil is ______to lubricate the running surface ______to carryaway a great deal of heat.A. not/butB. neither/norC. either/orD. not only/but also6.The degree to which the viscosity of an oil will change with a change in temperature isindicated by the ______.A. weight designationB. viscosity indexC. pour pointD. thermal changevalue7.All three systems have the ports____to swirl the incoming air and direct it in the appropriatepath.A. angledB. roundedC. being angledD. being rounded8.Scavenging in a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine occurs during the ______.A. last part of the exhaust stroke, and the first part of the intake strokeB. last part of the intake stroke onlyC. early part of the injection stroke onlyD. early part of the power stroke9.______in what position the engine stops there will always be at least one of the cylinderswith its starting air valve open to admit compressed air to start the engine.A. BecauseB. Owing toC. ForD. No matter10.The process to remove exhaust gases by blowing in fresh air is called ______.A. chargingB. superchargingC. startingD. scavenging11.Some vessels are equipped with a water lubricated stern tube. When at sea, operating undernormal conditions, the water service valve from the ship's saltwater system to the bearing should be ______.A. closed, and no leakage permitted across the shaft packingB. closed, and only slight leakage permitted across the shaft packingC. opened, and no leakage permitted across the shaft packingD. opened, and only slight leakage permitted across the shaft packing12.The required amount in the change of speed necessary before a governor will make acorrective movement is known as ______.A. speed droopB. sensitivityC. stabilityD. promptness13.The pressure head of a water pump is given in the unit of ______.A. kgB. MPaC. mH 2 OD. none of theabove14.The pump discharge pressure will be considerably higher than the pressure at the ______.A. pump entry branchB. outlet pipeC. impellerD. None of the above is true.15. A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ______.A. boiler water level is lowB. feedwater is too hotC. boiler steam demand is lowD. feedwater is too cold16.To operate a centrifugal fire pump at reduced capacity, you should ______.A. readjust the relief valveB. throttle the suction lineC. throttle the discharge valveD. open the priming line17.______the moveable plate and floating ring inside the pump is very difficult.A. Having adjustedB. Being adjustedC. To adjustD. Adjusted18.Strainers, sometimes called______, are devices designed to prevent the passage of unwantedsolids into or further along a system.A. dampersB. filtersC. stopper circuitsD.separators19. A donkey boiler is ______.A. one to supply steam to the main propulsion turbineB. an auxiliary boilerC. A and BD. neither A nor B20.Which of the following statements concerning fire-tube boilers is correct?A. Combustion gases flow through the tubes.B. Flames impinge on the tubes.C. Combustion occurs in the tubes.D. Water flows through thetubes.21.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______.A. check and regulate the water levelB. close the air cock once fires are litC. blowdown the gage glassD. crack the steam stop to assureprotective steam flow22.The ______is not a(n) component of an oil separator.A. sliding bowl bottomB. gravity discC. separating discD. scum valve23. A magnetic strainer is used in the diesel engine reduction gear oil system to remove smallparticles of ______.A. waterB. babbittC. iron or steelD. acids24.In a complete oil/water separator, more oil will separate out onto the underside of these platesand travel outwards until it is free to rise into the oil collecting space. What’s the meaning of “it”in the sentence above?A. a separatorB. oilC. waterD. anoil collecting space25.The oil sludge is burnt in the ______onboard. I’ll show you the ashes.A. boilerB. main engineC. auxiliary engineD. incinerator26. A burning AC motor would be considered what class of fire?A. Class ‘A'B. Class ‘B'C. Class ‘C'D. Class ‘D'27.In which of the listed hydraulic systems will the installation of an oil cooler be necessary?A. Constant tension mooring winch systemB. Hatch cover systemC. Watertight door systemD. Internal combustion engine hydraulic starter system28.No specific period is given for the renewal of the lubricating oil filter element as this shouldbe done ______a figure of 0.7 bars is shown on the gauge.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whereverD. whoever29.If a hydraulic pump is overheating, the cause may be ______.A. excessive internal leakage in the pumpB. low discharge pressure andfluid flowC. excessive fluid level in the hydraulic reservoirD. operation of the pump at 100%efficiencypressed air is used on board ship ______.A. for starting diesel enginesB. in pneumatic control systemC. in pneumatic toolsD. All the above are true.31.In which of the areas listed would you expect to find the highest salt concentration in a flashevaporator?A. Distiller air ejector cooling mediumB. Saltwater heater dischargeC. First-stage internal feed boxD. Second-stage internal feed box32.Supply the ______before starting an air compressor.A. fuel oilB. cooling waterC. steamD. power33.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a result of ______.A. bubbling refrigerantB. overheating and oxidationC. lowered operating temperaturesD. reducing the cloud or flash point34.Ammonia when used as a refrigerant is valuable because of its high efficiency, it is however____.A. toxicB. flammableC. explosiveD. all of the above35.Which of the statements listed concerning heat transfer is correct?A. Heat is always transferred at a constant rate.B. Heat transfer rate increases as temperature difference increases.C. The rate of heat transfer is not affected by temperature difference.D. The high temperature region is known as a heat sink.36.If a refrigeration compressor will not start, the reason may be ______.A. the pressure regulating valve is not closingB. an excessive lack of refrigerant in thesystemC. badly leaking discharge valvesD. worn piston rings37.In a refrigeration system, if the cooling water to the condenser fails, the ______.A. box temperature solenoid valve will closeB. expansion valve will closeC. compressor will shutdownD. king valve will open38.The power factor of an AC generator operating singularly is determined by the ______.A. connected loadB. prime mover speedC. field excitationD. generator'srated voltage39. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the ______.A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reversepower relay40.In order to change the direction of rotation of a D.C. motor ______.I. the field leads must be changed ; Ⅱ. the input leads must be changedA. I onlyB.ⅡonlyC. either I or ⅡD. neither I or Ⅱ41.Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator from paralleloperation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard.B. Turn off all electrical equipment.C. Remove the load from the 'off going' generator.D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line.42.The purpose of a main switchboard circuit breaker's reverse-power trip is to ______.A. prevent main circuit overloadB. protect the circuit breaker blowout coilC. prevent alternator motorizationD. prevent low voltage tripout43.In ______the control action is independent on the output.A. a closed loop control systemB. an open loop control systemC. a boiler control systemD. a steering gear control system44.Which of the following marine examples belongs to the open loop control system?A. accommodation heating systemB. steering gearC. boiler controlD. cargocontrol45.The viscosity regulator controls the fuel oil temperature ______provide oil at the correctviscosity for combustion.A. in order thatB. because ofC. in order toD. owing to46. A transformer in an electric circuit serves to ______.A. generate its own electrical powerB. transform electrical energy into mechanical energyC. increase or decrease circuit voltage as requiredD. convert AC current to DC current47.The liquid flowing in the capillary(毛细管) is such that the difference in ______readingstaken before the capillary and after it is related to the oil viscosity.A. pressureB. velocityC. flow rateD. temperature48.Domestic water pump is started automatically by ______which operates as the water levelfalls to a predetermined level.A. a level controllerB. a temperature switchC. a floating ballD. a pressureswitch49.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsionapparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engineassembly control station is unmanned periodically.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-150.Low compression of diesel engine may result from ______.A. a worn cylinderB. broken piston ringsC. any of A and BD. none of theabove51.White smoke exhausting from an operating diesel engine may indicate ______.A. a cracked linerB. burning lube oilC. an overloaded engineD. insufficientcombustion air52.Defective timing gear in a diesel engine may lead to:A. smoky exhaustB. starting failureC. overloadD. over speed53.Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by ______.A. high compression pressureB. low intake air temperatureC. low exhaust pressureD. high scavenge air temperature54.An automated diesel engine should normally shut down due to ______.A. low lube oil temperatureB. high ambient air temperatureC. low lube oil pressureD. high exhaust system back pressure55.To successfully reduce an excessively high diesel engine exhaust gas temperature, youshould ______.A. reduce the engine driven fuel pump outlet pressureB. retard the fuel injector timing to reduce powerC. increase the fuel rack settingD. reduce the load on the engine56.______, the engine must be stopped immediately.A. Should knocking occurB. If knocking occurC. Should if knocking occursD. If occur knocking57.Lower suction pressure of a pump may be caused by ______.A. too much air in the pipe lineB. closed inlet valveC. empty tankD. leakypipe58.Each journal and pin should be examined for ______and grooving.A. bridgesB. recessesC. rearsD. ridging59. A built-up exhaust valve is one in which ______.A. the stem and heads are made of different materialB. low-alloy steel is used throughoutC. a replaceable valve disk is welded to the headD. the self-centering action comes from motion of the valve stem in the guidebustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under any conditionpermitting ______.A. a shortened ignition delay periodB. a lean fuel/air mixtureC. excess fuel in the combustion chamberD. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets61.The bearing cap and shell are replaced and tightened up until ______.A. the “nip ”is zeroB. the “nap ”is zeroC. the “gap ”is correctD. the “clearance ”is correct62.The resistance of electric wire will decrease as its ______.A. length increasesB. cross-sectional area increasesC. temperature increasesD. percent of metallic purities increases63.Oil mist detectors are usually used on board to detect oil mist density within ______.A. the engine crankcaseB. the engine scavenge boxesC. drain tanksD.fuel tanks64.Tools with ______handles should be used to check electric circuit.A. plasticB. metalC. stainless steelD. copper65.The crankcase cover should not be opened until at least ______minutes after the engine stops.A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 3066.“Movement of engine no longer required.”means “______”.A. Stop EngineB. No Engine RevolutionC. Stand-by EngineD. Finished WithEngine67.Under the provisions of applicable international conventions, ships entitled to fly the flag of aParty are subject, while in the port of a Party, to control by officers duly authorized by the Party. Ships of non-parties or below convention size shall be given ______.A. more favorable treatmentB. less favorable treatmentC. no more favorable treatmentD. the most favorable treatment68.The conventions under which the port state control inspection is carried out include all thefollowing except ______.A. SOLAS 74B. MARPOL 73/78C. STCW 78/95D. ISM Code69.If you burned your arm on a bare steam line, the most effective immediate treatment wouldbe to______.A. wrap the arm in a tight bandageB. soak the arm in hot salt waterC. cover the burn with petroleum jellyD. put the burn in cold water70.If liquid refrigerant accidentally comes in contact with the eyes, ______immediately.A. rub the eyesB.irritate the eyesC. wash the eyes with a heavy boric acid solutionD. obtain medical help71.Diesel fuel is relatively safe to handle due to its low volatility（挥发）, but the fumes willself-ignite and continue to burn steadily if the fuel is heated to the ______.A. flash pointB. auto-ignition pointC. volatility pointD. upper explosivelimit72.Duty officer informs us that the vessel is out of harbor and in “Full Ahead”.We are going torun ______.A. diesel oil instead of fuel oilB. fuel oil instead of diesel oilC. diesel oil instead fuel oilD. fuel oil instead diesel oil73.A(An) ______should be issued for every company complying with the requirement of theISM Code by the Administration.A. ISMB. DOCC. SMCD. PSC74.The term “moderate speed”was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which wouldenable a vessel ______within half the range of visibility.A. stoppingB. being stoppedC. to stopD. to be stopped二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）Each of the engine cylinders is provided with a Bosch, type PF, fuel pump. The fuel pump is a single-acting plunger pump with non-adjustable stroke. Theplunger is so accurately ground and lapped that its clearance inside the barrel is only0.002-0.003 mm. This provides sufficient tightness between plunger and barrel, even atpressures as high as 200-400 bar, without the need for sealing materials. Neither the plunger nor the barrel can therefore be renewed individually. The plunger pressure stroke is produced by a cam on the engine camshaft, whereas the return stroke, the suction stroke is effected by means of a strong coil spring. The top of the pump barrel is closed by a spring-loadedpressure valve, to which the fuel oil pipe for the respective fuel valve on the relevant engine cylinder is connected.Regulation of the amount of fuel delivered by the fuel pump is achieved by turning the pump plunger, the cylindrical surface of which has a milled recess. The bottom of this recess ends with an edge, which is at right angles to the cylinder generating lines, whereas the top of the recess is limited by a helix. This produces an inclined control edge on the plunger, which also has a narrow longitudinal groove. In the pump barrel are drilled two diametrical holes through which the fuel oil can flow into the fuel pump barrel. The pump barrel is surrounded by a regulating sleeve, the upper end of which is shaped as a toothed rim. The lower end has two lengthwise slots in which projecting lugs on the lower end of the plunger can slide up and down. The end of the regulating rod from the engine governor is designed as a toothed rack that engages with the toothed rim on the end of the regulating sleeve. This makes itpossible to turn the pump plunger during engine operation.75.The fuel pump ______.A. is of PF typeB. is of reciprocatingtypeC. has an inlet valve and an outlet valveD. A and B are true.76.The plunger ______.A. is accurately ground and lapped outside the barrel.B. has a tiny clearance inside thebarrelC. can be renewed individually when worn outD. All of the above are true.77.Which of the following is true?A. The stroke of the plunger can be adjustedB. The outletvalve is spring loadedC. The plunger down stroke is accomplished by the springD. B and C are true.78.It can be inferred that when moving the rack ______.A. the sleeve moves up and downB. the plungermoves up and downC. the effective stroke of the pump will be changedD. All of the above are true.三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79.机舱不够清洁，舱底水中油水混合物过量, 机舱管系包括排气管绝热层有油污，舱底水管系操作失当。