大学英语四级选词填空
大学英语四级选词填空练习附详细答案
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become th e only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的).”It may have been a sharP__8__ of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to d raw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would h a v e g i v e n t h e p u p i l m o r e__10__t o s e e k i m p r o v e m e n t.A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ）discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)e x p r e s s e dAnswers:1. 选I ）。
大学英语四级考试 CET4选词填空
Passage 3As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. But relaxation is __1__ for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to __2__ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of __3__ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such __4__ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of __5__ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both physically and __6__. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight” and in more __7__ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same __8__. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued __9__ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot __10__ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it.Passage 4As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thoserequirements is given a value, usually in “points”, which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.Passage 5Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it,without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, o n the job at le a st.Passage 6Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several __1__ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural __2__. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to __3__ to “England” because their inhabitants are not __4__ “English”. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is __5__ to the others.These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britain’s original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to __6__ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even truer of the __7__ areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the __8__ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather __9__ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic __10__ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the ScottishPassage 8Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.A coeducational(男女合校的) school offers children nothing less than a tree version of society in miniature(缩影). Boys and girls are given the 1 to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of 2 ability, athletic achievement and many of the extracurricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical 3 it is (to give just a small example) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense coeducation makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girls or vice versa. When 4 , boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. In a coeducational school, everything falls into its 5 place.The greatest contribution of coeducation is 6 the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don’t grow up believing that women are 7 creatures. Girls don’t grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. Years of living together at school remove illusions of this kind. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and 8 problems involved in growing up. These can better be 9 in a coeducational environment. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fully prepared to 10 society as well-adjusted adults. They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.Passage 13The anthropologist (人类学家) Clifford Geertz defines culture as a “historically transmitted pattern of meanings embodied in symbols by 1 of which men can communicate, perpetuate and develop their own knowledge about and attitudes towards life.”Why is it important that you 2 about other cultures? There are a number of reasons. Some may do it 3 because they find fascinating the different ways that people think, speak, act, evaluate, and communicate. But let me assume that you are a more pragmatic sort of person, and are 4 in the “cash value” of a course like this — apart, that is, from the grade you will receive at the end of it. What is a class like this good for? Let me make a couple of suggestions on how what you learn in this class may prove 5 to you in the future:Business: Geert Hofstede’s excellent book on culture is 6 not primarily out of academic theory, but out of his study of the practical problems faced by one particular modern corporation (IBM), which exists across national and cultural 7 . In the world we live in, understanding 8 in general and also specific individual cultures in particular can make the difference between success and failure in the global market and economy.Politics and Diplomacy: If your career goal involves anything that relates to international politics and diplomacy, then understanding other cultures is 9 .Neighbors: If none of these previous factors 10 you, then you can just look at this class as a lesson in good neighborliness in the global village.Passage 14A pioneering study into the effects of a mother’s fat intake during pregnancy on her child’s health when he or she grows up is being launched at the University of Southampton.The research will investigate whether the type and amount of fat a mother eats during pregnancy 1 the risk of heart disease, 2 high blood pressure, in her child when he or she reaches adulthood.Although the link between high fat diets and high blood pressure is well known, there has been 3 research into the connection between a woman’s diet and her child’s risk of hypertension (高血压).The study, which is 4 by the British Heart Foundation, is led by Dr Graham Burdge, British Heart Foundation Professor of Cardiovascular Science.The award of this 5 grant is part of a ￡3.5 million boost for heart research in the UK by the British Heart Foundation. The charity’s special grants are made to fund research into the causes, prevention, 6 and treatment of heart disease, the UK’s biggest killer.Dr Burdge says, “The type and amount of fat in our diet has 7 during the past 50 years. Pregnant women 8 the same diet as the rest of us, but we know very little about the 9 of these changes in dietary (饮食的) fat on the development and future health of their children. We hope that the 10 of this study will help to develop recommendations for pregnant women about how much fat they should eat and what types of fat they should avoid.”Passage 15Major retailers and car manufacturers have slashed (削减) their marketing budgets in the six months to October, 2008, as the financial crisis has taken its toll, while supermarkets have __1__advertising spending in a battle to prove that they offer the most ___2__ prices.According to new research undertaken for The Daily Telegraph by Nielsen Media Research, in the six months to September 30, 2008, Marks & Spencer’s advertising spend fell 20.3 pc to ￡25.3 m, __3___ with the same period in 2007.While the retailer has spent heavily on a campaign __4__ celebrities in the past two years, it is understood to be cutting back on celebrity spending in 2009. The retailer is, however, still the UK’s 25th largest spender on advertising, __5__ being at 17th place in the six months to September 30, 2007.Car manufacturers have also significantly ___6__ back on marketing spending, believed to be a result of the financial crisis. According to Nielsen, Ford spent ￡26.6m in the six months to September 30, 2008, down 21pc from the same period last year. Vauxhall also ___7__ spending by 15.6pc in the period to ￡26.5m.For supermarkets, however, a significant increase in advertising spending, it appears, is a ___8___ as they seek to woo (追求) increasingly price __9__ customers. The leading supermarkets have __10__ an aggressive price war in the past six months as consumers have been faced with news of higher food prices.Passage 16Teddy bears have been around since 1902. The teddy bear came to being when President Theodore Roosevelt refused to 1 a black bear held captive by his hunting party. Also worth noting is that President Roosevelt’s refusal to shoot this captive bear became a very popular political cartoon by Cliff Barryman.A Brooklyn shopkeeper was 2 by the cartoon. The shopkeeper then asked President Rosevelt for 3 to name a toy bear “Teddy”. Thus became the creation of the teddy bear.It is also worth 4 that the teddy bear was born in Germany between 1902 and 1903.The first teddy bears did not have cuddly faces or smiles, in fact, the first teddy bears had expressions which could best be described as 5 . Teddy bears were also quite stiff, the 6 arms and legs and soft, plush bodies came much later.Now teddy bears are still the number one item to give babies as their first toy, the prize to win your girl on your first date, and most 7 , the toy of choice for law enforcement to give to children in sad, unsafe situations to help them calm down and feel safe.The market for collectible teddy bears has seen significant 8 in the last several years. A collectible teddy bear is very different than the typical store bought teddy that you might give a child. The industry 9 collectible teddy bears as hard, not floppy, and fully jointed (meaning arms, legs, and head are moveable). The artists however, also determine collectibles. Steiff teddy bears and others have a very high collectible 10 .Passage 17Hungry prehistoric hunters, not climate change, drove elephants to extinction during the Pleistocene era, new research suggests.At least 12 kinds of elephants 1 to roam the African, Eurasian, and American continents. Today, only two 2 of elephants are left in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. One theory for this dramatic demise holds that rapid climate shifts at the end of the most recent major ice age, some 10,000 years ago, 3 vegetation and broke up habitats, causing the death of those unable to adapt to the new conditions. Another 4 blames prehistoric humans, whose improved weapons and hunting techniques allowed them to wipe out whole herds of elephants.To help 5 the debate, archaeologist Todd Surovell of the University of Wyoming, Laramie, and colleagues tested two assumptions. If humans caused the elephant and mammoth extinctions, Surovell reasoned, the timing of the die-offs in 6 regions should match human expansion into those regions. On the contrary, if the extinction was 7 to climate change, elephants should remain in regions 8 colonized by humans and would only begin to die off once climate change occurred.The team tested both theories by analyzing where and when elephants were killed. In all, the study included 41 archaeological sites on five continents. The researchers found that, as humans 9 out of Africa, they left a trail of dead elephants behind them. The creatures disappear from the fossil record of a region once it became colonized by humans. Modern elephants survived in refuges 10 to humans, such as tropical forests, says Surovell.Passage 18There have been claims that warming on Mars and Pluto are proof that the recent warming on Earth is caused by an increase in solar activity, and not by greenhouses gases. But we can say with 1 that, even if Mars, Pluto or any other planets have warmed in recent years, it is not due to 2 in solar activity.The Sun's energy output has not increased since direct 3 began in 1978. If increased solar output really was 4 , we should be seeing warming on all the planets and their moons, not just Mars and Pluto.Our solar system has eight planets, three dwarf planets and quite a few moons with at least a 5 atmosphere, and thus a climate of sorts. Their climates will be 6 by local factors such as orbital variations, changes in reflectance (反射率) and even 7 eruptions, so it would not be surprising if several planets and moons turn out to be warming at any one time.However, given that a year on Mars is 8 two Earth years long, and that a year on Pluto lasts for 248 Earth years, it is rather early to start 9 conclusions about long-term climate trends on the outer bodies of the Solar System.What do we know? Images of Mars suggest that between 1999 and 2005, some of the frozen carbon dioxide that 10 the south polar region turned into gas. This may be the result of the whole planet warming.。
大学英语四级考试选词填空
Passage 1In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages 47 using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be 48 , of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also 49problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from 51 at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students 52 a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is 53 for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also 54 certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can 55 . It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a 56 where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 47 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 48 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 49 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 50 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 51 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 52 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 53 device.A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 54 could find at aglance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 55 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 56 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away."We've only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time," said one scientist.Blue is the world's favorite color. It is also the color most often 47 with intellect and authority.Most uniforms are blue. In Greek and Roman mythology, blue is the color of sky gods. In the Old Testament, God is 48 by deep blue. Blue and turquoise (青绿色)are represented by the Islamic religion. It is the 49 color in the mosques of the world.Blue symbolizes truth, peace and cooperation. It is the color of the flag of the United Nations and of Europe. As the coolest color of the spectrum, it is the hue mostlikely to have a receding effect. As in the skies and water that 50 us, blue is seen as a peaceful and 51 color. Blue light has seen to 52 blood pressure by calming the nervous system hence relaxing the body and mind. Blue creates large airy spaces. It makes rooms bigger.The wrong shade of blue can be uncomfortable. It can also be cold and sterile(枯燥的)unless 53 with warmer colors.Light and soft blue makes us feel quiet and protected from the bustle(喧闹)and 54 of the day. Blue bedrooms are restful. Blue bath rooms are appropriately watery. Blue 55 depth with greens and reds. Dark blue represents the night making us calm. Its apparently calming effect makes it the perfect tone for the quieter 56 of your living space.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst ofhigh-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.Passage 6budgets in the six months to October, 2008, as the financial crisis has taken its toll, while supermarkets have 11 advertising spending in a battle to prove that they offer the most 12 prices.According to new research undertaken for The Daily Telegraph by Nielsen Media Research, in the six months to September 30, 2008, Marks & Spencer’s advertising spend fell 20.3pc to ￡25.3m, 13 with the same period in 2007.While the retailer has spent heavily on a campaign 14 celebrities in the past two years, it is understood to be cutting back on celebrity spending in 2009. The retailer is, however, still the UK’s 25th la rgest spender on advertising, 15 being at 17th place in the six months to September 30, 2007.Car manufacturers have also significantly 16 back on marketing spending, believed to be a result of the financial crisis. According to Nielsen, Ford spent ￡26.6m in the six months to September 30, 2008, down 21pc from the same period last year. Vauxhall also 17 spending by 15.6pc in the period to ￡26.5m.For supermarkets, however, a significant increase in advertising spending, it appears, is a 18 as they seek to woo (追求) increasingly price- 19 customers. The leading supermarkets have 20 an aggressive price war in the past six months as consumers have been faced with news of higher food prices.Undoubtedly the globe is getting hotter and hotter. The unavoidable questions are: How much responsibility shall we take for warming, and are we 47 to stop the destruction by limiting our insatiable 48 for natural fuels?It seems that global warming is too _49_ to be worried about, or too unpredictable. The computer_50_ cannot define what the weather is like next week. In cold winter day it might be considered that a little warming would be a fair thing. And doubtlessly: Alarming about_51_ alteration may sound like an environmentalist frightening strategy, aiming to urge humans to walk and keep the world cleaner.However, based on the data collected by scientists, bad news are brought to our living media.From California to the snowy peaks of China, the air is heating up right now, and the globe is being fast warmed, the _52_ has increased by 1 ℉ compared with the past century. In addition, some parts like remote places have been in a much hotter state. The results aren't satisfactory, ice being _53_ , rivers running dry, and coasts being _54_ , threatening villages and cottages.The 55 are gradually occurring without any obvious phenomenon. But they shouldn't slip our mind, because they can pose as a great potential threat to the 56 world.The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 47 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 48 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 49 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 50 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive51 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all。
大学英语四级选词填空及答案
（一）A.createB.depressedC.eventuallyD.experiencesE.exploringF.exteriorG.habitats H.innovate I.intentionallyJ.investment K.revealing L.stretchesM.stripped N.territory O.victimShips are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs （暗礁）perfect for scuba diving （水肺式潜泳）and preserving marine __26__. Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was __27__ of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane __28__ the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area.The plane __29__ a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will __30__ be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's __31__ Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US $ 100, 000, but they hope to see a return on that __32__ through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the __33__ of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest __34__ sunk aircraft ever.Taking a trip underwater and __35__ the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise （天堂）.（二）A.acquiredB.adaptationsC.brutalD.deliberatelyE.expressedF.extendsG.habitats H.humble I.imageJ.literally K.refined L.revolvesM.speculate N.structure O.thriveJust because they can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture. There's no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most __26__ predators （食肉动物）, killer whales may not fit the __27__ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly __28__ behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word "culture" comes from the Latin "colere," which __29__ means "to cultivate." In other words, it refers to anything that is __30__ or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic __31__ that help them digest and utilize this fat- rich diet, thereby allowing them to __32__ in their cold climate.Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different __33__ across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet with an empire that __34__ from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey （猎物）. This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to __35__ that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals, genetic development.（三）A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislation H.migrated I.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.rewardM.significant N.sponsor O.transmittedThe center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has __26__ from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a __27__ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced __28__ that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's __29__ in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to __30__ our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead __31__ of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would __32__ a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self- driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set up on-demand __33__ of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In __34__ , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more __35__ rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.（四）A.climbedB.consumeC.decadeD.determineE.effectiveF.harmfulG.outcomes H.passively I.previouslyJ.resume K.suffered L.surfingM.term N.terminals O.twistingIt’s our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity, after work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting 36 can lead to obesity (肥胖症) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how 37 being a couch potato can be.In an analysis of data from eight large 38 published studies, a Harvard-led group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel 39 , the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) rose 20% over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a 40 , and the odds of dying prematurely 41 13% during a seven-year follow-up. All of these 42 are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的) activities, like knitting, viewing TV may be especially 43 at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend on anything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to 44 them.Even so, the authors admit that they didn’t compare different sedentary activities to 45 whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes, heart disease or early death compared with, say, reading.（五）A.announcingB.beneficialC.challengesmitmentponentF.contestsG.critically H.develop I.distributingJ.enhance K.entitled L.potentialM.properly N.qualified O.retainThe U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is __36___the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.“All children are 37 to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is 38 important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full 39 ,” U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said. “Despite the excellent work and deep 40 of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will 41 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to 42 our focus on how to better recruit, support and 43 effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most.”Today’s announcement is another important step forward in improving access to quality education, a 44 of President Obama’s year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the 45 of working in high-need schools and how to adapt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.（一）26-35：GMALC FJOIE （二）26-35：CIKJA BOGFM （三）26-35：HAGDI NJEBK （四）36-45：HFILC AGEBD （五）36-45：AKGLD HJOCE。
大学英语四级考试选词填空
• 较难的一个例子：Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a ____ that has changed the target market for many products. (06-12) 这里可以用两种判断方法 来判断横线处所填词的词性。第一种方法，用句子结构来判断，前面一句话，Husbands and children now do some of these jobs，这是一个完整的句子，主语husbands and children，谓语动词DO，宾语Some of these jobs；后面的that引导的是一个同位语从 句，它所修饰的中心词就是a后面需要填的词，而定语从句的中心词是名词，所以横线处 应填一个名词。第二种方 法，根据刚才所说的“a + 名词”的语法规则来判断，横线处应 该填一个名词，而且是一个可数名词的单数形式。正确答案是situation。这句话的意思是 “丈夫和孩子现在也做一些 这样的工作了，这种情况就改变了许多产品的目标市场。”
• 2. 当出现“一个完整的句子 + ，____ + 名词/介词”的结构时，逗号后 边的部分是伴随状语，表示伴随状态或者表示原因，应当填动词加ING形 式或动词加ED形式。当这个动词与句子主语是主动关 系，填动词加ING形 式，当两者是被动关系，填动词加ED形式。
• 举例说明：
• The rainfall is increased across south america, ___ floods to peru. (06-6) 根据独立主格结构原则，应该填动词ing或动词ed，选项中只有 bringing符合要求。从意思来看，bring“带来”与rainfall“降雨”之 间 是主动关系，即“the rainfall brings floods”，所以用bringing无论从 意思上还是结构上都符合要求。
大学英语四级选词填空练习题及答案
大学英语四级选词填空练习题及答案大学英语四级选词填空练习题(一)With the world's population estimated to grow from si某 to nine billion by 2022, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is e某pected to double over the ne某t 40 years.Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 . sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major 49 of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are 50 being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51 in the world's energy supply. But e某perts say that even when 52 , alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2022.For e某ample, even with 53 investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development 54 in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55 only about 1% of the market today.Energy and sustainability e某perts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56 both traditional and alternative.A)stable I)e某actlyB)solutions J)consistC)significant K)compriseD)role L)competitionsE)progress M)combinedF)marvelous N)challengesG)included O)certainlyH)growth大学英语四级选词填空练习题答案47 growth48 stable49 challenges50 certainly51 role52 combined53 significant54 included55 comprise56 solutions大学英语四级选词填空练习题(二)What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold,intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of yourgenes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes andenvironment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioralgenetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about thee某tent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology iscontroversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based onsomething that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genescontrol physical characteristics such as se某, race and eyecolor. But can genes alsodetermine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely tochoose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristicsare influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment.Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From thisperspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured,but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basicpicture is there from the beginning.[A] abilities[B] achieve[C] appeal[D] complaints[E] contributions[F] displayed[G] essentially[H] eventually[I] e某tent[J] indicates[K] proceeds[L] psychological[M] raised[N] smart[O] standard大学英语四级选词填空练习题答案47. M) raised48. L) psychological49. E) contributions50. A) abilities51. B) achieve52. N) smart53. I) e某tent54. J) indicates55. G) essentially56. H) eventually大学英语四级选词填空练习题及答案。
英语四六级选词填空必背30词
英语四六级选词填空必背30词四级选词填空必背30词1. especiallyadv. 特别; 格外; 尤其; 主要；考试时，这个空前面一般是逗号。
如：Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, especially in April and May.漫山遍野的野花点缀着山谷，特别是每到四月和五月的时候。
2. averageadj. 一般的; 通常的; 平均的；常考结构：the average …of如：The average age of the students is 19.学生的平均年龄是19岁。
on average 按平均数计算3.challengesn. 挑战；v. 向...挑战, 怀疑, 要求; 挑战, 反对4. consequentlyadv. 结果，必然地，因此这个词场常位于句首，且其后为逗号；或位于and后。
如：This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and consequently to human health.这对农业和食物链都造成了威胁，因此必定会危害人类健康。
5. totaln. 总数, 合计, 全体；adj. 总计的, 全体的常考搭配：in total 总共，共计6. potentialadj. 有潜力的, 潜在的, 可能的常考搭配：the potential for sth. 某事发生的潜在性; 可能性7. maintainv. 维持; 保持; 维修, 保养常与以下词搭配使用：maintain friendly relations, contacts, etc (with sb) （与某人）保持友好关系﹑接触等8. naturallyadv. 自然地, 天生地9. charactersn. 品质，特性；特点；人物；字母，符号或记号10. limitedadj. 有限制的, 少的, 有限的常考搭配：(be of) limited use/value：使用、价值有限11. excessn. 过火，过头，无节制常考搭配：an excess of sth. 过度；过分；过量；过多还考过它的形容词形式，excessive：过分的，过度的；极度的这个词一定要认识哦！有一年作文题目叫on Excessive Package（论过度包装）。
大学英语四级_选词填空_技巧篇
大学英语四级选词填空技巧篇1）阅读选项，词性分类仍然要―先题后文在定位‖，但这里―先题‖不是要找关键词，而是要先对15个选项―辨性‖仔细阅读选项，根据词性把每个单词进行分类归纳。
如名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词各有几个选项。
动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。
因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing形式要自己根据语法判断。
2）细读首句，抓住中心首先要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。
和完型填空一样，一般文章第一句不设空格，以便让读者知道本文的相关主题词或主题。
3）瞻前顾后，谨慎选择根据文章前后的语法关系判断应填入的词性，大大缩小选择范围。
当一个空可以填入好几个相同词性的词时，则根据上下文逻辑意义；如果均能说得通时，要注意近义辨析。
或留到最后，等范围缩小到最小时再轻松收尾。
即传统阅读所说的，首遍不行无所谓，文章看完再收尾。
解题技巧1）首先要辨性（辨别词性）a. 不认识的单词看词缀（见后面附表）b. 认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性比如：must，most均可做名词do the most you canc. 动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。
因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing 形式要自己根据语法判断。
甚至动词分词形式还可以做定语。
2）一个单词有多个词性时，要在不同分类中都标出。
3）如果选项中出现一组近义词或反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析清楚其细微的区别。
4）如何判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性：①动词：a）前后都是名词短语，中间一般为动词（时态看前后文）。
b) 一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词c）一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。
②名词：a. 名词主要做主语、宾语。
b. 形容词或名词都可以修饰名词例：The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe ___49___ thunderstorms.（49可能是形容词，也可能是名词修饰thunderstorms）c. 限定词（the, this, that, a, my之类）后必有名词d. 谓语动词前必有名词或名词性质的主语e. 介词后面必有名词③. 副词修饰形容词或动词附录：四级常用后缀1. 名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor2)-acy, 表示―性质，状态，境遇‖ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy3)-ance, -ence表示―性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度‖ importance, diligence, difference, obedience4)-ancy, -ency, 表示―性质，状态，行为，过程‖ frequency, urgency, efficiency,5)-bility, 表示―动作，性质，状态‖ possibility, flexibility, feasibility,6)-dom, 表示―等级，领域，状态‖ freedom, kingdom, wisdom7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示―行为的过程，结果，状况‖ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression_r, correction9)-ism, 表示―制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为‖ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism10)-ity, 表示―性质，状态，程度‖ purity, reality, ability, calamity11)-ment, 表示―行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果‖ treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument12)-ness, 表示―性质，状态，程度‖四级选词填空解题技巧发表于：2009-6-12 浏览：112 次来源：华浦华浦（Chinatop）教育集团是中国首家致力于提供升学、求职、晋升的教育培训、就业推荐的大型综合性现代教育培训集团，秉承―一站成就梦想‖的办学理念，更以其培养出众多出色的学员而成为全国著名培训机构。
大学英语四级选词填空7篇
第一篇关于减肥Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss isregular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lowerthe intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, youwill burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.[A] positive [B]additional [C] duration [D]effective [E] shed[F] physical [G] food [H] functions [I]participated [J] rely[K] cut [L] repeatedly [M] uses [N] little [O] obvious47. E 该空需填入动词原形，结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状，你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。
CET4选词填空整理30篇
大学英语四级选词填空专项练习Passage 1What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.A. answerB. resultC. shareD. guiltyE. constantF. definedG. vanishH. adaptedI. creativeJ. beliefK. suspicious L. certainty M. obsessed N. identify O. ideals Passage 2After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holid ay, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs givebuildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.[A]changes [B]flexible [C]decrease[D]recent[E]push [F]reduce [G]relatively [H]safety [I]resistant[J]expensive [K]force [L]accordingly[M]intensity[N]security [O]opposedPassage 3Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5 to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 6 when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7 in excellent condition, y ou’ll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10 three items or three estimates.［A］possession ［B］save ［C］best ［D］appliance［E］material ［F］from ［G］simple ［H］with［I］in ［J］element ［K］model［L］item ［M］easy ［N］adopt ［O］reasonable Passage 4There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 4 that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world isheating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.The 9 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind, because they are omens of what’s in store for the 10 of the planet.[A]remote [B]techniques [C]consisting [D]rest[E]willing [F]climate [G]skill [H]appetite [I]melting[J]vanishing[K]eroding [L]temperature [M]curiosity[N]changes [O]skillfulPassage 5It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.[A] allow [B] instance [C] blank [D] industrial [E] frustrating[F] items[G] indicating [H] highlight [I] user [J] complicated[K] white [L] annoying [M] successful[N] articles[O] simplePassage 6For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? species are becoming 2 in vast numbers, and the planet’s air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 n ot less so, since the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4 of the world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them areexpected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 6 . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are transient –associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution –the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming –does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10 and reality.A) pose B) exaggerated C) accelerating D) extinct E) existF) perception G) wealthy H) magnified I) starving J) headK) running L) predicted M) abundant N) conception O) reducing Passage 7EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange ___1_____happens every five to eight years.It starts in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____2____,the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___3___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased acrossAounth American ____4____floods to Peru.In the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and____5____.EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the most___6____weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____7___of damage.The 1990 EI Nino will ____9___,but they are still not __10___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.A)estimate B)strength C)deliberately D)notify E)tropicalF)phenomenon G)stable H)attraction I)completely J)destructiveK)starvation L)bringing M)exhaustion N)worth O)strikePassage 8Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them __1__ to people saying there is anything different about them. “I’m really just a normal guy,” __2__ an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their __3__ fans suggest. They start to wear __4__ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back toreality as fast as they had __5__ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such __6__ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to __7__ from your dream and realize you; are only human? Some only see the __8__ in losing something they had gained. They often make __9__ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become __10__ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.A) desperate B) disappointing C) cruelty D) bankrupt E) fancyF) protects G) altitude H) similarly I) wake J) contestK) object L) worshipping M) dignity N) originally O) protestsPassage 9When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English .Education soon became a __1__. “I couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He __2__ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought about dropping out.Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his __3__Spanish.“She helped me stay smart while teaching me English ,”he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he __4__ confidence and began to succeed in school.Today, he is a __5__ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he __6__ through bilingual education to treat his patients.Roberto’s story is just one of __7__ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most __8__ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students __9__ outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif. , implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college __10__ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.A) wonder B) acquired C) consistently D) regained E) nightmareF) native G) acceptance H) effectiveI) hid J) prominent K) decent L) countless M) recalledN) breakthrough O) automaticallyPassage 10As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2__ of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998.groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __6__toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful when helping children along the pathto peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the __9__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers’Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __10__ school.A) victims B) technology C) role D) respectively E) projectsF) offers G) information H) images I) forward J) especiallyK) entire L) cooperative M) comprehensive N) assuming O) acting【passage1-10答案及详解】Passage 1【全文翻译】美国人如何看待食物呢?我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。
大学英语四级选词填空题库
第一单元：A. purposesB. secureC. howeverD. convinceE. projectF. failureG. unfamiliarH. furthermoreI. communityJ. appreciateK. expert L. appropriate M. conveyed N. engaged O. assureTo be a successful speaker, it is essential for you to know why you are speaking and what you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common 1____A___ of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or a/an 2____K___ in a field, wish to make your ideas clear to people 3____G___ with your subject? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund raiser for a naturalist foundation, wish to 4____B___ donations or collect cash? Or like a comedian or an after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone that you use must be 5____L___ for you purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone, and manner of presentation, for example, from information 6___M____ to a group of your friends.7____H___, no matter how talented the speaker is, a talk without adequate preparation is usually a 8____F___. To speak without preparing is to shoot without taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is; then state it in a complete topic sentence such as “My purpose is to 9___D___ the class that cats as well as dogs should re quire licenses in our 10___I____.” Make sure that your subject is definite and not too broad. Then you should write an outline before adding details to it.1. They are busy, often stressed out, and don’t like to wait and they eat, talk, walk, and drive f ast.2. If you recognize yourself, you should remember to slow down and take more time for everything.3. They might seem unfriendly and difficult to get along with.4. Someone who is a sweetheart, a team player, or a people person may have a Type B personality.5. People with Type A personality work hard to succeed and to get what they want.6. As the opposite of Type A personality, the Type B personality is easygoing, patient, and friendly.7. We should learn to live in the present and stop worrying about the future.8. People with Type B personality are able to relax and have fun and they live a more balanced life. 5-1-3-6-8-41. 许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用。
历年英语四级选词填空高频词汇精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版历年四级真题选词填空词汇大全【1】result 结果；发生；由…而造成determining下决心；做出决定involves 包含；涉及；专心于limited 有限的，受限的significant 重要的，有意义的gravely 严肃地，庄重地range 范围；排列complained 抱怨；述说relieved 放心的，解除respect 尊重issue 问题，发行prompting 暗示，推动，驱使seriously 认真地，严肃地specialize 专门从事magnificent 壮丽的，伟大的【2】victims 牺牲者，受害者forward 前进的，向前的technology 科技especially 尤其的，主要的role 作用，地位entire 全部的respectively 各自的，各地的cooperative 合作的projects 工程，项目comprehensive 广泛的，综合的offers 提议，提供assuming 如果information 信息acting 代理的images 影响，映像【3】accomplish 完成，达到advanced 先进的，高等的balloon 气球claim 声称；断言constantly 不断地，时常的declare 宣布；声明interview 接见；面试；采访limited 限制，受限的manufacture 制造，生产moments 瞬间，片刻news 新闻reduced 减少的；使变弱regret 后悔，遗憾scary 使人惊慌的totally 完全，整个地【4】abundant 大量的，充足的characters 性格，品质communicating 传达，表明；通讯completely 完全地，完整地derive 得到，源于diversity 多样化；差异escape 逃跑，逃脱establishing 建立；确定narrow 狭隘的；限制naturally 自然地，合理地personnel 全体员工；人员properly 适当的respect 尊重widen 放宽，加宽【5】closer 靠近的painful 痛苦的daily 每日performance 履行emotional 表现强烈情感的profession 职业enhance 提高remarkably 引人注目地enormous 巨大的require 要求；需要especially 尤其地；主要地sensitive 敏感的hinder 阻碍urge 催促；推进mission 代表团；使命【6】already 早已，已经analyzed 分析aspects 方面characters 性格，特征contributing 贡献的，起作用的describing 描写；叙述established 建立quality质量quoted 引述引用recording 记录recruited 新兵，新成员，招聘total总计unconscious 失去知觉的【7】accommodations住处clumsy笨拙的；复杂难懂的doubtful 难以预测的exceptions例外expand扩张historic 在历史上重要的、有影响的incredible 不可思议；惊人的powering动力protect 保护reduced 减少的replace 替换；代替sense感觉shifted 改变；转移supplying 供给vast广阔的；浩瀚的【8】abilities 能力，资格extent 程度；长度achieve 取得；获得indicates 表明；象征appeal 上诉，呼吁proceeds 收入，收益；行进complaints 抱怨，委屈psychological 心理上的；精神上的contribution 贡献，捐赠raised 引起；提高；唤起displayed 陈列；显示smart 聪明essentially本质上的standard 标准eventually 终于【9】alert 警觉，警报formally 正式的associated 合作，合伙function 功能；职务attracting吸引mixed 混合的cling 附着于negative 消极的continuing 继续的，连续的sufficient 足够的definitely 明确的；确切的tend倾向different 不同；不平常younger 年纪较小的【10】stable稳定的，沉稳的significant 重要的，有意义的solution 解决；答案role角色progress进步，发展marvelous 引起惊异的；不可思议的included 包括growth 生长exactly 精确地；完全地consist 由…组成comprise 包含；由…组成competitions 竞争combined 结合的；联合challenge 挑战；盘问certainly无疑的，确切地【11】survive幸存的formally 正式的surrounding 环境，周围的financially 财政上，金融上serves服务，招待domestic 家庭的，佣人reviewed 复习competition竞争reported 据报告recession 经济衰减communities 社区；社会团体circling 环骑household 家庭；家庭的accumulate 积累gather 收集【12】appealing 吸引人的occupation职业，工作average平常的；平均的occurring 事件conflict 冲突positions 位置currently当前的primary 首要的elementary 基本的，元素recession 经济衰减ensure 确保regularly 有规律的female 女性的unusual 不平常的fill使充满的【13】adapt适应于prefer 更喜欢；提升available 可用的recommending 推荐；劝告；begin开始species 物种concern 涉及；关心specify指定；明确提出criteria （批评，判断）标准，准则stop 停止；塞往items 项目taking 拿nationwide 全国范围variety 种类的possible 可能【14】conclusive 决定性的contributes 贡献出，捐赠derive 得出，导出expresses 表达；乘快车fixed 固定的immensely 极大地increase 增加maintain 保持；保养mission 代表团participate参加某事particular 特别的；详细的provides提供；规定regions地区，地域surprisingly 惊人的switched 开关【15】accident 意外事件excess事故annually每年impact影响avoided 避开；避免instances 例子；情况caused原因，引起modest 谦虚的considerable 相当大的revised 经过修订的develop开发的slightly轻微地documented备有证明文件的undertake 承担的dramatically 戏剧性地【16】allowing允许maintain保持avoidable 可避免的maximum最大值的briefly 短暂地，简要的prevent 预防的component 成分；零件；组成的principle 原则；原理determined坚定的；决定provoke 激起，挑起helping 帮助seriously 认真严肃increasingly 越来越多地topic 主题；话题lowest最低的【17】average 平均的；平常的including 包括；包含basis基础monitor 显示屏；班长common 普通的reason 理由；原因consequently 所以；因此results 结果；发生detection 侦查shared 共享的developing 发展中的symbols 象征distributed分布式的；分配symptoms 症状dramatically 戏剧性的。
英语四级考试中选词填空题型的特点与解题技巧
英语四级考试中选词填空题型的特点与解题技巧一、引言大学英语四级考试中的“选词填空”属于较高层次的“完形填空”。
该部分考题是选取一篇长度为220—250个单词的文章，文中设置10个空格，要求学生从供选的15个单词里挑选出10个单词，分别填入对应的空格。
该测试部分的分值占整个试卷分值比例的5%，考试时间大约为9分钟。
解答此类试题，要求考生具有一定的阅读理解能力和较为扎实的语法，词汇功底。
而熟悉题型特点，把握解题步骤，善用解题技巧更能帮助考生在考试中获得高分。
本文借用考试真题，从题型特点、词性判断和文章结构三方面，分析解答该题型的解题步骤和技巧，以期帮助学生掌握此题型。
二、选词填空题型特点该部分的题型特点可归纳为以下几个:第一句不设空格，一句中一般不设两个空格；所有空格设置均匀，基本覆盖整个文章；所设空格一般不会影响对整篇文章的理解；供选单词的时态、语态、单复数等较为固定，入选时不需要任何变化；每个单词都只能选一次，不可重复选择；所设空格多为动词、名词、副词、形容词等实词，一般不查考冠词、介词等虚词。
比起另外两篇阅读理解而言，该题略为简单，更多偏向于测试篇章理解能力、词汇积累和词组的掌握。
三、选词填空解题技巧要快速准确完成选词填空题，就要采用以下解题技巧。
1.浏览供选单词，进行分类。
当考生开始做该部分题的时候，首先应该快速阅读提供的所有单词。
对认识的单词应快速判断其词性，对于不认识的单词则应该根据词缀猜测词义。
一般来说，前缀表词义，后缀表词性。
例如：前缀dis-表示否定、相反或相对，un-可以表示相反、对立，也可表示移走、免去，tele-可以表示远距离的，也可以表示电视的；名词词尾有-ion，-age，-ness，-ty，-ship，-ance，-hood，-dom，-itude等，动词词尾有-ize，-ise，-fy等，形容词词尾有-ous，-ive，-ent，-less，-mic等。
对于一些动词的分词形式要格外小心，因为分词可以用作过去式，也可以表示状态用做形容词，所以对于以分词形式出现的单词，应全面考虑其可能的词性，以免错选。
大学英语四级选词填空及答案
（一）A.createB.depressedC.eventuallyD.experiencesE.exploringF.exteriorG.habitats H.innovate I.intentionallyJ.investment K.revealing L.stretchesM.stripped N.territory O.victimShips are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs （暗礁）perfect for scuba diving （水肺式潜泳）and preserving marine __26__. Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was __27__ of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane __28__ the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area.The plane __29__ a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will __30__ be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's __31__ Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US $ 100, 000, but they hope to see a return on that __32__ through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the __33__ of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest __34__ sunk aircraft ever.Taking a trip underwater and __35__ the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers a nd experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise （天堂）.（二）A.acquiredB.adaptationsC.brutalD.deliberatelyE.expressedF.extendsG.habitats H.humble I.imageJ.literally K.refined L.revolvesM.speculate N.structure O.thriveJust because t hey can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture. There's no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most __26__ predators （食肉动物）, killer whales may not fit the __27__ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly __28__ behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word "culture" comes from the Latin "colere," which __29__ means "to cultivate." In other words, it refers to anything that is __30__ or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic __31__ that help them digest and utilize this fat- rich diet, thereby allowing them to __32__ in their cold climate.Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different __33__ across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet with an empire that __34__ from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey （猎物）. This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to __35__ that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals, genetic development.（三）A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislation H.migrated I.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.rewardM.significant N.sponsor O.transmittedThe center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has __26__ from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a __27__ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced __28__ that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's __29__ in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to __30__ our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead __31__ of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would __32__ a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self- driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set up on-demand __33__ of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In __34__ , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more __35__ rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.（四）A.climbedB.consumeC.decadeD.determineE.effectiveF.harmfulG.outcomes H.passively I.previouslyJ.resume K.suffered L.surfingM.term N.terminals O.twistingour guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity, It’safter work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TVeach day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting 36 can lead toobesity (肥胖症) and other diseases, r esearchers h ave now quantified just how 37being a couch potato can be.In an analysis of data from eight large 38 published studies, a Harvard-led groupreported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hoursper day spent channel 39 , the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) rose 20%over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a 40 , and the odds ofdying prematurely 41 13% during a seven-year follow-up. All of these 42 are linkedto a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的) activities,like knitting, viewing TV may be especially 43 at promoting unhealthy habits. Forone, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend onanything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcornmay make you more likely to 44 them.Even so, the authors admit that they didn’t compare different sedentary activities to 45 whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes, heart disease orearly death compared with, say, reading.（五）A.announcingB.beneficialC.challengesmitmentponentF.contestsG.critically H.develop I.distributingJ.enhance K.entitled L.potentialM.properly N.qualified O.retainThe U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is __36___the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.“All children are 37 to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is 38 important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full 39 ,” U.S. Secretary of Educa tion40 of our nation's teachers Arne Duncan said. “Despite the excellent work and deepand principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will 41 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to 42 our focus on how to better recruit, support and 43 effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most.”in improving access to Today’s announcement is another important step forwardquality education, a 44 of President Obama’s year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the 45 of working in high-need schools and how to adapt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.（一）26-35：GMALC FJOIE （二）26-35：CIKJA BOGFM （三）26-35：HAGDI NJEBK （四）36-45：HFILC AGEBD （五）36-45：AKGLD HJOCE。
2024年大学四级英语四级选词填空-(多场合应用)
大学四级英语四级选词填空-(多场合应用)大学四级英语四级选词填空一、引言英语四级考试是我国大学英语教学的重要组成部分，旨在检验大学生英语综合运用能力。
选词填空作为四级考试中的常考题型，既考察了学生的词汇量，又考察了学生的语法知识和阅读理解能力。
本文将针对大学四级英语四级选词填空题型进行分析和探讨，以帮助学生提高答题技巧和英语水平。
二、选词填空题型特点1.考察词汇量：选词填空题型要求考生掌握大量的英语词汇，包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
考生需要根据句意和语法结构，选择合适的词汇填入空白处。
2.考察语法知识：选词填空题型还涉及到语法知识，如时态、语态、非谓语动词等。
考生需要运用所学的语法知识，判断空白处所需填入的词汇形式。
3.考察阅读理解能力：选词填空题型要求考生在理解文章大意的基础上，准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系，从而选出正确的词汇填入空白处。
三、解题技巧1.词汇积累：考生在日常学习中，要注重词汇的积累，特别是常见的名词、动词、形容词和副词。
可以通过阅读英文文章、背诵单词等方式，不断扩大词汇量。
2.语法知识巩固：考生要熟练掌握英语语法知识，特别是时态、语态、非谓语动词等。
在解题过程中，要善于运用语法知识，判断空白处所需填入的词汇形式。
3.阅读理解能力提升：考生要提高阅读理解能力，要提高阅读速度，要善于抓住文章的主旨和关键信息，要准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系。
4.答题策略：在解题过程中，考生可以先快速浏览全文，了解文章大意。
然后，针对每个空白处，分析句子结构，判断所需填入的词汇词性。
结合句意和语法知识，从备选词汇中选出最佳答案。
四、总结选词填空题型是大学四级英语考试中的重要组成部分，既考察了学生的词汇量，又考察了学生的语法知识和阅读理解能力。
为了在考试中取得好成绩，考生需要注重词汇积累、语法知识巩固和阅读理解能力提升。
同时，掌握解题技巧和答题策略，才能在考试中游刃有余，取得理想的成绩。
一、快速浏览全文，了解文章大意在开始答题之前，先快速浏览全文，了解文章的主题和内容。
英语四级考试选词填空专练题含答案
英语四级考试选词填空专练题含答案英语四级考试选词填空专练题(一)The American patent system, provided for in the Constitution, was designed to encourage the creation and use of new technology. An inventor would describe the invention, both in writing and with drawings, and __47__ the description with a model to a government official. If the invention was judged to be ___48__ and beneficial, the official would give the inventor a patent. The patent meant that for 14 years the inventor owned the new invention. Inventors could___49__ their ideas to manufacturers or just use them themselves. The government would not ___50__ any other patent for the same idea, and the inventor could ___51__ anyone of using the patented idea with- out paying the owner of the patent for ___52__ to use it.A useful patent meant that the inventor could make a lot of money. In e某change for this gover- nmental protection, the government published the patent __53___ , which had to provide enough information so that other people could understand the invention—thus adding to the general__54_technological knowledge. And at the end of the 14 years, anyone could use the invention for__55__.The idea behind the patent system was twofold: it would increase the amount of technology, by providing a way for people to make money out of new ideas, and it would make new technology widely available, by publicizing ideas that might ___56__ be kept as trade secrets.A) license I ) specifications B) however J ) yield C) accuse K) issue D) submit L) chargeE) convenient M) available F) permission N) otherwise G) enable O) original H) free英语四级考试选词填空专练题答案47.D 此处需要一个动词。
英语四级选词填空高频词汇(三篇)
英语四级选词填空高频词汇(三篇)英语四级选词填空高频词汇 1average adj. 一般的; 通常的; 平均的常考结构：the average 。
of如：The average age of the students is 19.学生的平均年龄是19岁。
on average 按平均数计算dependent adj. 依赖的, 从属的常考搭配：dependent on/upon sb./sth. 取决于、依赖某人或某事mitment n. 托付, 交托; 委任，常和to搭配使用常考搭配：make a mitment to do sth. 承诺会做某事chances n. 机会, 可能性, 意外常考搭配：chances are是固定搭配，表示“可能。
(发生某事)”tend v. 倾向; 趋向(常和to搭配，必背);照管, 照料performance n. 履行, 成绩, 执行;演出, 表演survive v. 活下来, 幸存如：survive an earthquake：在地震中幸存常考搭配：survive from sth. 继续生存或存在Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.有许多古怪的习俗源远流长。
survive on sth. 继续生存或存在I can't survive on ￡30 a week.意为It is not enough for my basic needs.我每周收入30英镑难以活命.especially adv. 特别; 格外; 尤其; 主要考试时，这个空前面一般是逗号。
如：Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, especially in April and May.漫山遍野的野花点缀着山谷，特别是每到四月和五月的时候。
potential adj. 有潜力的, 潜在的., 可能的常考搭配：the potential for sth. 某事发生的潜在性; 可能性total n. 总数, 合计, 全体;adj. 总计的, 全体的,常考搭配：in total 总共，共计maintain v. 维持; 保持; 维修, 保养常与以下词搭配使用：maintain friendly relations, contacts, etc (with sb)(与某人)保持友好关系�p 接触等必考词语和搭配英语四级选词填空高频词汇 21. petition n. 竞争，比赛2. exception n. 例外，除外3. issue n. 问题/ v. 发行，发布4. phenomenon n. 现象，事件5. recession n. __，不景气6. resource n. 资源，物力7. result n. 结果/ v. 产生8. survey n. / v. __9. variety n. 多样，种类10. worth n. 财富，价值/ adj. 值得的11. adapt v. 适应12. __yze v. 分析13. cause n. 原因，理由/ v. 成为。
英语四级选词填空做题技巧
如何判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性： 二、 选词填空解题步骤和技巧
2)名词的确定：
The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe a thunderstorms.（可能是形容词，也可能是名词修饰 thunderstorms） Education soon became a _____ .(nightmare) As the trade winds lessen in …(strength)
• • • • • •
2010.6 “绿色”建筑 2010.12 影响你性格的因素 2011.6 老年人睡眠 2011.12 人口增长 2012.6 美国穷人 2012.12 "女主外，男主内”这一家庭角色的 转变 • 2013.6《时代周刊》1.减少盐的摄入对身体 好2.日常锻炼方式的好处及注意事项3.自闭 症的孩子兄妹也有很高患病风险 • 2013.12 《新闻周刊》1.女性与科学2.护士 教育3.《时代周刊》手机成为广告工具
提醒：通读就是根据首段原则以及首末句原则，迅速抓出文章的主题。 判定文章主题对于篇章的整体把握具有很大的积极意义。
二、 选词填空解题步骤和技巧
第二步：整理选项classify the options
整理选项。大概花费1分钟，即辨别每个单词词性的时间为 4秒/词。分别标出15个备选项的词性，比如在名词旁标注n.， 在动词旁写上v.，形容词旁标注adj.，副词旁写上adv.等。目 前四级考试只考实词（notional words）中的四种：名词n、 动词v、形容词adj、副词adv； （不考代词和数词；也不考 虚词（冠词art, 介词prep, 连词conj, 感叹词interj） ）
特点：四种实词中，考的最少的是副词adv, 不超过两个空。剩下的三种平均每次有三 道题。根据真题，动词一直是考三个。另 外三种词性，有两个的，也有四个的。
英语四级考试选词填空训练题及答案
英语四级考试选词填空训练题及答案英语四级考试选词填空训练题(一)The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night.More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said."The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego."It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's__56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75."A) alertB) associatedC) attractingD) clingE) continuingF) definitelyG) differentH) efficientlyI) formallyJ) functionK) mi某edL) negativeM) sufficientN) tendO) younger英语四级考试选词填空训练题答案47 N tend48 L negative49 H efficiently50 B associated51 A alert52 J function/53 F definitely54 O younger55 E continuing56 G different英语四级考试选词填空训练题(二)As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into thecentre of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children havebeen taking part in peace education 47 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts,tookon the 48 of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated(提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 as peacemakers studied humanrights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools inBogotá known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom 50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 51 ,peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers childrento take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to manyonline resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The YoungPeacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 54 onstarting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centres of Compassion for Children International callattention to children's rights and how to help the55 of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is apraiseworthy venture fora class and one that could spread to other classrooms andideallyaffect the culture of the 56 school.A) actingB) assumingC) comprehensiveD) cooperativeE) entireF) especiallyG) forwardH) imagesI) informationJ) offersK) projectsL) respectivelyM) roleN) technologyO) victims英语四级考试选词填空训练题答案47. 【答案】 K)。
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大学英语四级选词填空：36~45（10x3.55）满分35.5It’s the first question parents ask when their child is diagnosed with autism. Will his future brothers or sisters have a higher risk of 36 it, too?According to the largest study of siblings（兄弟姐妹）in families with autism, the answer is yes. Among 664 children who had at least one older sibling with the development disorder, the 37 risk of autism was nearly 19%, 38 higher than previous sibling-recurrence estimates that were anywhere from 3% to 10%. Kids with more than one older autistic sibling had an even higher risk of the disorder: 32%.The 39 suggest that genes play a key role in autism risk. But they also hint that other environmental factors 40 by siblings, like influences in the womb（子宫）, may be important as well.On the 41 of the findings, the researchers recommend that doctors closely 42 younger siblings of autistic children to pick up any early signs of the disorder, 43 an unusually large head or delayed language development and communication skills. Evidence suggests that early 44 and diagnosis of autism can help children take advantage of therapies that can treat some of its 45 .A list of choicesaverage basis common consequently detection developing distributed dramatically including monitor reason results shared symbols symptoms自闭症当家里的一个孩子被诊断患有自闭症的时候，父母问的第一个问题就是：他未来的弟弟妹妹们患自闭症的风险是不是也会更大？根据规模最大的一次对有患有自闭症的孩子的家庭中兄弟姐妹的研究发现，该问题的答案是肯定的。
在664个家里至少有一个哥哥或姐姐患有发育障碍症的儿童中，他们患上自闭症的平均风险为将近19%，兄弟姐妹重复患病率明显高于之前的预测值——3%到10%。
如果不止一个哥哥或姐姐患有自闭症的话，这样的孩子患病的几率甚至更高，达32%。
研究结果显示基因是患有自闭症的重要因素。
但是结果也指出兄弟姐妹间共同的其他环境因素也起着很重要的作用，比如在子宫中受到的影响。
基于研究发现，研究者们建议医生严密监控自闭症儿童的弟弟妹妹，以便发现障碍症的任何早期迹象，包括头部异常偏大、语言功能和交流技能发展迟缓。
有证据表明，自闭症的尽早发现和确诊可以有助于孩子们接受治疗，医治自闭症的某些症状。
A list of choices名词：basis基础detection发现侦察reason原因results结果symbols象征标志symptoms症状动词：developing得病发展distributed分配including包括monitor监测shared共享形容词：average平均的common共有的普通的副词：consequently所以因此dramatically大幅度地引人注目地KEYdeveloping average dramatically results sharedbasis monitor including detection symptomsSalt Intake and Disease 大学英语四级选词填空：36~45（10x3.55）满分35.5Just when you had figured out how to manage fat in your diet, researchers are now warning against another common mealtime pitfall salt.A study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, Stanford Universityand Columbia University shows that even a 36 decrease in daily salt intake（摄入）can lead to dramatic health benefits. The authors 37 an annual drop of as many as 120 000 cases of heart disease, 66 000 38 of stroke and 99 000 heart attacks 39 by high blood pressure after a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt.The advantages, not surprisingly, were greater for African Americans, who are more likely to 40 high blood pressure than other ethnic groups, and for the elderly, since blood vessels stiffen（硬化）with age, which can lead to higher blood pressure.“Everyone in the US is consuming sa lt for in 41 of what is good for them,” says lead author Dr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of UCSF. “What we are suggesting is that a population-wide effort to reduce salt intake, even 42 , will have health benefits.”The team conducted a computer-based analysis to determine the 43 of a 3-g-per-day reduction in salt intake on rates of heart disease and death. They also calculated the cost savings emerging from the amount of disease that would be 44 because of lower blood pressure. The conclusion, by cutting salt intake nationwide, the US could save billion to billion 45 in health care costs.A list of choicesaccidents annually avoided caused considerable develop documented dramatically excess impact instances modest revised slightly undertake食盐摄入量和疾病当你刚刚解决如何处理饮食中的脂肪时，研究人员们现在正在就另一日常用餐陷阱盐——发出警示。
一项由加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校、斯坦福大学以及哥伦比亚大学的科研人员所做的研究显示，即使食盐日摄入量降低程度不太大仍然会给健康带来巨大的好处。
发起者记录下来借助每天减少3克盐的摄入量多带来的年度下降数据，其中包含120 000份心脏疾病案例、66 000例中风和99 000例由高血压所导致的心脏病。
不出所料，非洲裔美国人和老年人获益更多，因为前者比其他种族的人更容易患高血压，后者随着年龄的增长，其血管会硬化进而导致高血压。
“在美国，每一个人都在消耗远超过自己正常需求量的食盐。
”该研究的领头发起人，即来自加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校的Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo 博士说道。
“我们的建议是，全民做出努力去减少食盐的摄入量，即使是轻微的减少，也都将会给健康带来益处。
”该团队通过实施一项基于计算机的分析来确定每日食盐摄入量减少3克对于心脏疾病发病率和死亡率的影响。
他们还计算出由于血压降低而避免的疾病数量所节约的成本。
结论是：通过全国范围内减少食盐摄入量，美国每年在健康护理开支方面可以节约100～240亿美元。
名词：accidents事故excess超过超额量impact影响instance例子实例动词：avoided避免caused导致develop得病发展documented记录revised修订校正undertake承担从事形容词：considerable相当大的modest不太大的谦虚的副词：annually每年年度地dramatically戏剧性地引人注目地slightly轻微地稍微地KEYmodest documented instances caused developexcess slightly impact avoided annuallyNursing Shortage and Fast-track 四级选词填空：36~45（10x3.55）满分35.5What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year associate’s degree or four-year bachelor’s degree programs. But as the nursing shortage 36 , a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing “fast-track programs” that enablecollege graduates with no nursing 37 to become registered nurses with only a year or so of 38 training.In 1991, there were only 40 fast-track curricula; now there are more than 200. Typical is Columbia University’s Entry to Practice program. Students earn their bachelor of science in nursing in a year. Those who stay on for an 39 two years can earn a master’s degree that 40 them as nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists.Many students are recent 41 ; others are career switchers. Rudy Guardroom, 32, a 2004 graduate of Columbia’s program, was a premedical student in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical research company. At Columbia, he was 42 as a nurse practitioner. “I saw that nurses were in high 43 and it looked like a really good opportunity,” he says. “Also, I didn’t want to be in school for that long.”The fast-track trend fills a need, but it’s also creating some 44 between newcomers and veterans. “Nurses that are still at the bedside 45 these kids with suspicion,” says Linda Pellico, who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years. “They wonder, how can they do it quicker?” The answer is they don’t.A list of choicesadditional applied demand excessive experience explore graduates operations promote qualifies specialized tension trained view worsen护士短缺和快速通道怎样才能成为一名训练有素的护士呢？在过去，答案是通过两年的专科学习或者四年的本科学习。