2 Antzelevitch中文讲稿(翻译：洪葵60分)
微型课讲课稿范文
微型课讲课稿范文title: The Importance of Digital LiteracyHello everyone! Welcome to today's micro-lecture on the topic of digital literacy. In this rapidly evolving digital age, it has become more important than ever to possess the skills and knowledge necessary to navigate and utilize the digital world effectively. Today, I will discuss the significance of digital literacy, its impact on various aspects of our lives, and some practical ways to develop digital literacy skills.First and foremost, let's start by defining what digital literacy is. Digital literacy refers to the ability to use digital technology, communication tools, and networks to access, manage, evaluate, and create information. It involves understanding how to effectively use technology to achieve specific goals, critically analyze information, and communicate and collaborate with others.Digital literacy is crucial for academic success. With the increasing reliance on digital resources and online learning platforms, students are required to have the ability to conduct effective online research, discern credible sources of information, and present their findings in an organized and coherent manner. Moreover, students need to possess digital literacy skills to navigate through online course materials and engage in virtual classrooms and discussions. By developing digital literacy skills, students can enhance their learning experience and ensure they are well-prepared for the digital demands of the modern education system.Digital literacy is also fundamental for career growth andemployment opportunities. In today's job market, employers are seeking candidates with strong digital literacy skills. As technology continues to advance, many job roles are becoming increasingly automated, requiring workers to possess digital literacy skills to effectively operate and adapt to new technologies. Furthermore, many organizations are embracing digital transformation, which entails utilizing digital tools and platforms to enhance efficiency and productivity. Employees who lack digital literacy skills may find themselves at a disadvantage when seeking career advancement or new job opportunities.In addition to its academic and career benefits, digital literacy is essential for active citizenship in the digital age. With the rise of social media and online platforms, individuals have access to a wealth of information, but they also face the challenge of navigating through the vast amount of digital content, discerning facts from misinformation, and protecting their personal data online. Digital literacy empowers individuals to critically evaluate information, recognize biases, and make informed decisions. It also enables individuals to engage in online discussions, participate in meaningful civic activities, and advocate for important causes. Now that we understand the importance of digital literacy, let's explore some practical ways to develop these skills. First, it is essential to familiarize oneself with various digital tools and technologies. This can be achieved through online tutorials, workshops, or even self-exploration. Platforms like YouTube and LinkedIn Learning offer extensive resources for learning about digital tools and technologies. Additionally, it is important to stay updated with the latest trends and advancements in digitaltechnology through reading relevant articles, following industry experts, and joining online communities and forums.Next, practicing critical thinking and media literacy is key to developing digital literacy skills. This involves evaluating online information for credibility, recognizing biases, and verifying sources. Fact-checking websites like Snopes and PolitiFact can be helpful in determining the accuracy of information. By questioning and analyzing the information we encounter online, we can become more discerning consumers and creators of digital content.Lastly, engaging in collaborative projects and networking with others is an effective way to develop digital literacy skills. Working with others on projects that involve utilizing digital tools and platforms allows individuals to learn from each other, exchange ideas, and enhance their digital skills. Additionally, connecting with professionals in your field through online platforms like LinkedIn can provide valuable insights and opportunities for growth.In conclusion, digital literacy is an essential skill set in today's digital age. It is important for academic success, career growth, and active citizenship. By developing digital literacy skills, individuals can effectively navigate the digital world, critically evaluate information, and utilize digital tools to achieve their goals.I hope this micro-lecture has provided you with valuable insights and practical steps to enhance your digital literacy skills. Thank you for joining me today, and best of luck on your digital literacy journey!。
高中英语《Ecoville》逐字稿
高中英语《Ecoville》逐字稿Step 1. Lead-inGood morning boys and girls. How are you today? Nice, I’m happy to hear that. Let’s start our English class.At the beginning of the class, I’d like to ask you a question. What is the most impressive place y ou have visited? Lily, have a try. You have been to Beijing. You lived in a Si He Yuan there. It’s really relaxed and chill. Excellent! Sit down, please. Would yo u like to learn something more about a special house? Today we will learn a new lesson. Ecoville.Step 2. Pre-listeningNow everyone, I have a picture for you. Look at the screen. What can you see? John, please. You can see a beautiful house i n the forest. Great! Actually, this is the special we are about to k now. Now, take a guess. What’s so special about this house? Any volunteers? Oh, you think it's magic. Other ideas? Tony, please. Oh, you think some famous writer wrote a famous story here. Good guessing. Different peop le have different guesses. Whose guess is correct? Let’s listen to the passage to find out the answer.Step 3. While-listeningHere, we have a short passage. I will read it for you. While you are listening, think about this question: What's the main ideaof the passage? At the same time, check your prediction. Now, l et's begin.Ecotourists are people who visit an area and do not harm or damage the ecosystem. They are interested in environmental pr otection. If you are this kind of tourist, you will love Ecoville. We use natural, safe energy from the sun, solar energy, instead o f digging up earth to find fuels, such as coal and oil. Nothing in our hotel causes pollution. We even use eco-friendly washing po wder to wash your sheets. Don't have your next holiday in a city full of factories that create harmful waste. Come to Ecoville, wh ere you and the Earth will be safe together.OK, we stop here. Who can tell me what the passage mainl y talks about? Tina, have a try. Em, an eco-friendly hotel called Ecoville. Good answer! Sit down, please.Boys and girls, please look at the blackboard. I have two qu estions for you. You should listen to the passage again and finish the Q&A task. I will give you 5 minutes. Start!① What energy do they use in Ecoville?② What washing powder do they use to wash sheets in Eco ville?Have you finished? Any volunteers? Mike, you please. The y use solar energy, excellent! The second one. They use eco-frie ndly washing powder to wash sheets. Bravo! Sit down, please. Well done!For the third time, let’s read after the tape/me to get more familiar with the passage. Y ou should imitate the pronunciation and intonation. Read aloud, please. Well done everyone. I am so proud of you.Step 4. Post-listeningThen, guys, let's do something for fun. Work in groups of 4 to have a discussion. You need to think about the following top ic: What kind of hotel do you want to live in? Think about your answer for a while, and then share your ideas with your group m embers. Don’t forget to ask for more information. 5 minutes for you, have you got it? Great! Here we go!We stop here. Which group goes first? Alan, please. You w ant to live in a traditional building. Thanks for sharing. How abo ut Frank? A space theme hotel! Wonderful! Guys, let’s clap for him. Good job!Step 5. Summary and homeworkHow time flies. Here comes to the end of our class. Now I will give each of you a reflection card as usual. You can write d own what you get from this lesson and what you want to say to me on it. You have 2 minutes. Em, good job everyone. I'm so pr oud of you.Please remember. We should be hopeful when we are in tro uble and never give up.After school, you have two tasks: The first one is for all of you. Finish the exercise book and hand it in tomorrow morning. The second one is optional: search for more information about e nvironmental protection. We will share at tomorrow's morning r eport.This is all for today's class. Boys and girls! See you next ti me.。
希特勒演讲稿中英对照
英文中文对照格式Then someone has said: 'Since the Revolution the people has gained Rights. The people govern!' Strange! The people has now been ruling three years and no one has in practice once asked its opinion. Treaties were signed which will hold us down for centuries: and who has signed the treaties? The people? No! Governments which one fine day presented themselves as Governments. And at their election the people had nothing to do save to consider the question: there they are already, whether I elect them or not. If we elect them, then they are there through our election. But since we are a self-governing people, we must elect the folk in order that they may be elected to govern us.然后又有人说：“革命以后，人民掌握了权利，国家由人民统治！”这还真是天方夜谭！迄今为止人民已经统治三年，可惜从来没有谁问过人民的意见。
签署的这些条约足以让我们落后几百年：是谁签署了这些条约？人民？不是！是某天政府自己代表政府签署的！在政府选举的时候，人民根本就没有考虑的余地：我选不选他们，他们都已经在那个位子上了。
丘吉尔演讲稿中文
丘吉尔演讲稿中文篇一：丘吉尔演讲稿丘吉尔演讲稿《Blood, and Sweet》，《We shall fight them on the beachers》，《Iron (铁幕演说）》，三篇演讲稿英文及其翻译。
这是丘吉尔1940年5月13日在下院发表的首相就职演讲，内容大概如下：“我所能奉贤的，只有热血和辛劳，眼泪和汗水。
你们问：我们的政策是什么？我说，我们的政策就是用上帝所给予我们的全部能力和全部力量，在海上.陆地上和空中进行战争。
同一个邪恶悲惨的人类罪恶史上从为见过的穷凶极恶的暴政进行战争。
你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利————不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要去争取胜利；无论道路多么遥远和艰难，也要去争取胜利；因为没有胜利，就不能生存。
在这个时候，我觉得我有权要求大家的支持，我说：起来，让我们联合起来，共同前进！”热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水（）丘吉尔星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，组织新政府。
这次组阁，应包括所有的政党，既有支持上届政府的政党，也有上届政府的反对党，显而易见，这是议会和国家的希望与意愿。
我已完成了此项任务中最重要的部分。
战时内阁业已成立，由5位阁员组成，其中包括反对党的自由主义者，代表了举国一致的团结。
三党领袖已经同意加入战时内阁，或者担任国家高级行政职务。
三军指挥机构已加以充实。
由于事态发展的极端紧迫感和严重性，仅仅用一天时间完成此项任务，是完全必要的。
其他许多重要职位已在昨天任命。
我将在今天晚上向英王陛下呈递补充名单，并希望于明日一天完成对政府主要大臣的任命。
其他一些大臣的任命，虽然通常需要更多一点的时间，但是，我相信会议再次开会时，我的这项任务将告完成，而且本届政府在各方面都将是完整无缺的。
我认为，向下院建议在今天开会是符合公众利益的。
议长先生同意这个建议，并根据下院决议所授予他的权力，采取了必要的步骤。
今天议程结束时，建议下院休会到5月21日星期二。
奥巴马夫人米歇尔演讲稿中英文
奥巴马夫人米歇尔演讲稿中英文When it comes to giving our kids the education they deserve , Barack knows that like me and like so many of you, he never could've attended college without financial aid.And beli eve it or not, when we were first married, our combined mo nthly student loan bills were actually higher than our mortg age.We were so young, so in love, and so in debt.That's wh y Barack has fought so hard to increase student aid and ke ep interest rates down, because he wants every young person to fulfill their promise and be able to attend college wi thout a mountain of debt.So in the end, for Barack, these issues aren't political-they're personal.Because Barack knows what it means when a f amily struggles.He knows what it means to want something mor e for your kids and grandkids.Barack knows the American Drea m because he's lived it...and he wants everyone in this cou ntry to have that same opportunity, no matter who we are, or where we're from, or what we look like, or who we love .And he believes that when you've worked hard, and done wel l, and walked through that doorway of opportunity...you do n ot slam it shut behind you...you reach back,and you give ot her folks the same chances that helped you succeed.So when people ask me whether being in the White Hous e has changed my husband, I can honestly say that when it comes to his character, and his convictions, and his heart , Barack Obama is still the same man I fell in love with all those years ago.He's the same man who started his car eer by turning down high paying jobs and instead working in struggling neighborhoods where a steel plant had shut down, fighting to rebuild those communities and get folks back t o work...because for Barack, success isn't about how much money you make, it's about the difference you make in people' s lives.He's the same man who, when our girls were first b orn, would anxiously check their cribs every few minutes to ensure they were still breathing, proudly showing them off to everyone we knew.That's the man who sits down with me and our girls for dinner nearly every night,patiently answe ring their questions about issues in the news, and strategiz ing about middle school friendships.That's the man I see in those quiet moments late at night, hunched over his desk, poring over the letters people have sent him.The letter fr om the father struggling to pay his bills...from the woman dying of cancer whose insurance company won't cover her care ...from the young person with so much promise but so few o pportunities.I see the concern in his eyes...and I hear the determination in his voice as he tells me, "You won't bel ieve what these folks are going through, Michelle...it's not right. We've got to keep working to fix this. We've got so much more to do."I see how those stories -our collection of struggles and hopes and dreams -I see how that's what drives Barack Obama every single day. And I didn't think it was possible, but today, I love my husband even more than I did four years ago...even more tha n I did 23 years ago, when we first met.Let me tell you why.I love that he's never forgotten how he started.I love that we can trust Barack to do what he says he's going to do, even when it's hard -especially when it's hard.I love that for Barack, there is no such thing as "us" and "them" –he doesn't care whether you're a Democrat, a Republican, o r none of the above...he knows that we all love our country...and he's always ready to listen to good ideas...he's alw ays looking for the very best in everyone he meets.And I love that even in the toughest moments, when we're a ll sweating it -when we're worried that the bill won't pass, and it seems like all is lost –Barack never lets himself get distracted by the chatter and the noise.Just like his grandmother, he just keeps getting up and moving forward...with patience and wisdom, and coura ge and grace.And he reminds me that we are playing a long game here...and that change is hard, and change is slow, and it never happens all at once.But eventually we get ther e, we always do.We get there because of folks like my Dad. ..folks like Barack's grandmother...men and women who said to themselves, "I may not have a chance to fulfill my dreams , but maybe my children will...maybe my grandchildren will."S o many of us stand here tonight because of their sacrifice, and longing, and steadfast love...because time and again, t hey swallowed their fears and doubts and did what was hard.So today, when the challenges we face start to seem ove rwhelming -or even impossible-let us never forget that doing the impossible is the histor y of this nation...it's who we are as Americans...it's how this country was built.And if our parents and grandparents c ould toil and struggle for us...if they could raise beams o f steel to the sky, send a man to the moon, and connect the world with the touch of a button...then surely we can keep on sacrificing and building for our own kids and grand kids.And if so many brave men and women could wear our cou ntry's uniform and sacrifice their lives for our most fundam ental rights...then surely we can do our part as citizens of this great democracy to exercise those rights...surely, we can get to the polls on Election Day and make our voices heard.If farmers and blacksmiths could win independence from an empire...if immigrants could leave behind everything they knew for a better life on our shores...if women could be dragged to jail for seeking the vote...if a generation cou ld defeat a depression, and define greatness for all time... if a young preacher could lift us to the mountaintop with his righteous dream...and if proud Americans can be who they are and boldly stand at the altar with who they love...th en surely, surely we can give everyone in this country a f air chance at that great American Dream.Because in the end, more than anything else, that is the s tory of this country –the story of unwavering hope grounded in unyielding struggle. That is what has made my story, and Barack's story, and so many other American stories possible.And I say all of this tonight not just as First Lady...and not just as a wife.Y ou see, at the end of the day, my most important title is still "mom-in-chief."My daughters are still the heart of my heart and the center of my world.But today, I have none of those worrie s from four years ago about whether Barack and I were doin g what's best for our girls.Because today, I know from expe rience that if I truly want to leave a better world for m y daughters, and all our sons and daughters...if we want to give all our children a foundation for their dreams and o pportunities worthy of their promise...if we want to give th em that sense of limitless possibility –that belief that here in America, there is always something better out there if you're willing to work for it...thenwe must work like never before...and we must once again com e together and stand together for the man we can trust to keep moving this great country forward...my husband, our Pr esident, President Barack Obama.Thank you, God bless you, and God bless America.孩子们应该受到很好的教育，说道这个问题，Barack懂得，就像我们中很多人一样，没有助学金他就也不可能上大学。
米切尔北大演讲译文
米切尔北大演讲译文Thank you. Well, ni-hao. (Laughter.) It is such a pleasure and an honor to be here with all of you at this great university, so thank you so much for having me.谢谢。
你好。
和你们共聚这个伟大的大学是何等的荣幸和喜悦啊，感谢你们邀请我来到这里。
Now, before I get started today, on behalf of myself and my husband, I just want to say a few very brief words about Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. As my husband has said, the United States is offering as many resources as possible to assist in the search. And please know that we are keeping all of the families and loved ones of those on this flight in our thoughts and prayers at this very difficult time.在我开始之前，我谨代表我的丈夫和我自己就MH370失联说几句。
正如我的丈夫所说，美国正在提供一起可能的资源协助搜救。
请相信在这个艰难的时刻我们一直把失联客机上的人们的家属放在心上。
Now with that, I want to start by recognizing our new Ambassador to China, Ambassador Baucus; President Wang; Chairman Zhu; Vice President Li; Director Cueller; Professor Oi, and the Stanford Center; President Sexton from New York University, which has an excellent study abroad program in Shanghai; and John Thornton, Director of the Global Leadership Program at Tsinghua University. Thank you all for joining us.现在，我想这样开始，首先认识一下美国新任驻华大使，鲍卡斯大使；王校长；朱主席；李副校长；Cueller主任；奥依教授和斯坦福中心；纽约大学的萨克斯顿校长，该校在上海设立了一个海外留项目；约翰桑顿，清华大学的全球领袖项目主任。
米歇尔演讲稿英文doc
米歇尔演讲稿英文篇一：米歇尔.奥巴马成都七中演讲稿(中英文双语全文) 米歇尔.奥巴马成都七中演讲全文（中英双语）25日上午10时50分，成都七中艺术楼音乐厅，在持续20秒的热烈掌声后，美国总统奥巴马夫人米歇尔发表这次访华期间的第二场演讲。
她用刚学不久的中文“你好”和“谢谢”作为开场白和结束语，并以讲故事的方式，与成都中学生分享自己的求学经历，强调教育对年轻人的重要性。
Remarks by the First Lady at Number Seven SchoolChengdu, ChinaMarch 25, XXNi hao. It is truly a pleasure to be here at the Number Seven School. Thankyou so much for your warm welcome.Now, before I get started, on behalf of myself and my husband, I want to say that ourhearts go out to all those with loved ones on Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. As I saidthis past weekend when I spoke at Peking University, we are very much keeping all ofthem in our thoughts and our prayers at thistremendously difficult time.So now, let me start by thanking your Principal, Principal Liu, and your classmate,Ju Chao, for that wonderful introduction. Your English, Ju Chao, is excellent, andyou should be very proud. Thank you so much. (Applause.) And I want to thankall of the students here today, both those of you here in person and those of youjoining remotely from across the region. I’m thrilled to be visiting your wonderfulschool.Now, in preparation for this visit, before I left the U.S. I visited the Yu Ying School.It’s a public school near the White House in Washington, D.C., and all of the studentsat this school study Chinese. And I met with the sixth-grade class, kids who are 11and 12 years old. They had recently taken a trip here to China, and they werebursting with excitement. They were eager to tell me about everything about whatthey had seen.But they admitted that before their trip, they had all kinds of misconceptions aboutChina. They thought they would see palaces and temples everywhere they went, butinstead they found massive cities filled with skyscrapers. They weren’t sure thatthey’d like the food here in China, but they actually loved it, and they learned how touse chopsticks. And in the end, one of the students told me –- and this is his quote-- he said, “Coming home was really exciting, but was at the same time sad.”Now, meeting these students reminded me that when we live so far away fromeach other, it’s easy to develop all kinds of misconceptions and stereotypes. It’seasy to focus on our differences –- how we speak different languages and eatdifferent foods and observe different traditions. But as I travel the world, and I meetyoung people from so many countries, I’m alwaysstruck by how much more we havein common. And that’s been particularly true during my visit here in China.You see, the truth is that I grew up like many of you. My mom, my dad, mybrother and I, we lived in a tiny apartment in Chicago, which is one of the largestcities in America. My father worked at the local water plant. And we didn’t havemuch money, but our little home was bursting with love. Every evening, my familywould laugh and share stories over dinner. We’d play card games and have fun forhours. And on summer nights, I remember, when our apartment got too hot, we’dall sleep outside on our back porch.Family meant everything to us, including our extended family. My grandparentslived nearby, and my elderly great aunt and uncle lived in the apartment downstairsfrom us. And when their health started to decline my parents stepped in, helping myuncle shave and dress each morning, dashing downstairs in the middle of the night tocheck on my aunt.So in my family, like in so many of your families, we took care of each other.And while we certainly weren’t rich, my parents had big dreams for me and mybrother. They had only a high school education themselves, but they weredetermined to send us both to universities.So they poured all of their love and all of their hope into us, and they worked hard.They saved every penny. And I know that wasn’t easy for them, especially for myfather. You see, my father had a serious illness called multiple sclerosis. And as hegot sicker, it got harder for him to walk, and it took him longer to get dressed in themorning.But no matter how tired he felt, no matter how much pain he was in, my fatherhardly ever missed a day of work, because he wasdetermined to give me and mybrother a better life. And every day, like so many of you, I felt the weight of myparents’sacrifices on my shoulders. Every day, I wanted to make them proud.So while most American kids attend public schools near their homes, when it wastime for me to attend high school, I took an exam and got into a special public highschool where I could get a better education. But the school was very far from myhome, so I had to get up early every morning and ride a bus for an hour, sometimes anhour and a half if the weather was bad. And every afternoon, I’d ride that same busback home and then immediately start my homework, often studying late into thenight -- and sometimes I would wake up at 4:30 or 5:00 in the morning to study evenmore.And it wasn’t easy. But whenever I got tired or discouraged, I would just thinkabout how hard my parents were working for me. And I would remember somethingmy mother always told me –- she said: “A good education is something that noone can take away from you.”And when it was time for me to apply to university, I had many options, because inAmerica, there are many kinds of universities. There are four-year universities.There are two-year community colleges which are less expensive. There areuniversities where you take classes at night while working during the day. So youdon’t have to be a top student to attend a university. And even if your parents don’t have much money or you live in a tiny town in a rural area, in America, you can stillattend university. And you can get scholarships and government loans to help payyour tuition.So I attended Princeton University for my undergraduate degree, and I went onto Harvard University for my graduate degree in law. And with those degrees I wasable to become a lawyer at a large law firm, and then I worked as an executive at acity hospital, and then I was the director of an organization that helped disadvantagedyoung people.And my story isn’t unusual in America. Some of our most famous athletes, likeLeBron James, and artists, like the singer Janelle Monae, came from strugglingfamilies like mine, as do many business leaders –like Howard Schultz. He’s thehead of a company called Starbucks, which many of you may have heard of. WhenMr. Schultz was a boy his father lost his job, leaving their family destitute. But Mr.Schultz worked hard. He got a scholarship to a university, and eventually built thelargest coffeehouse company in the world.And then there’s this other guy I know who was raised by a single mother whosometimes struggled to afford food for their family. But like me, this guy gotscholarships and loans to attend universities. He became a lawyer and a professor,and then he was a state senator and then a national senator. And then, he becamePresident of the United States. This guy I’m talking about is my husband, BarackObama. (Applause.)These stories are the stories of so many Americans, and of America itself.Because in America, we believe that no matter where you live or how much moneyyour parents have, or what race or religion or ethnicity you are, if you work hard andbelieve in yourself, then you should have a chance to succeed. We also believe thateveryone is equal, and that we all have the right to say what we think and worship aswe choose, even when others don’t like what we say or don’t always agree with whatwe believe.Now of course, living up to these ideals isn’t always easy. And there have beentimes in our history where we have fallen short. Many decades ago, there wereactually laws in America that allowed discrimination against black people like me,who are a minority in the United States. But over time, ordinary citizens decidedthat those laws were unfair. So they held peaceful protests and marches. Theycalled on government officials to change those laws, and they voted to elect newofficials who shared their views.And slowly but surely, America changed. We got rid of those unjust laws. Andtoday, just 50 years later, my husband and I are President and First Lady of the UnitedStates. And that is really the story of America –- how over the course of our shorthistory, through so many trials and struggles, we have become more equal, moreinclusive, and more free.And today in America, people of every race, religion and ethnicity live togetherand work together to build a better life for their children and grandchildren. And inthe end, that deep yearning to leave something better for those who come after us, thatis something we all truly share. In fact, there’s a Chinese saying that I love that says,“To achieve true happiness, help the next generation.”And like so many of your parents, my parents sacrificed so much so that I could haveopportunities they never dreamed of. And today, as a mother myself, I want evenmore opportunities for my own daughters. But of course, as I always tell mydaughters, with opportunities come obligations.And that is true for all of you as well. You all have the opportunity to receive aneducation from this wonderful school, and you all have an obligation to take thefullest advantage of this opportunity. And I knowthat’s exactly what you all aredoing.You’re winning prizes in math and science. Here, you are staging musicalperformances around the world. You’re volunteering in your communities. Andmany of you are working hard to get an education your parents never dreamed of.So you all have so much to offer –- and that’s a good thing, because the worldneeds your talent. The world needs your creativity and energy more than ever before.Because we face big challenges that know no borders –- like improving the qualityof our air and water, ensuring that people have good jobs, stopping the spread ofdisease. And soon, it will all fall to all of you to come together with people on everycontinent and solve these problems together.Now, fortunately, here at this wonderful school, you’re already well on your way.For more than a decade, you’ve been buildingspecial relationships with a Americanschool in -- an American high school, and many of you will attend universities inAmerica or find other ways to reach out beyond your borders.So in the years ahead, much like you and I are doing here today, you will becreating bonds of friendship across the globe that will last for decades to come. Andover the past week, as I have seen both the ancient wonders and the modernachievements of your fascinating country, and as I’ve met with extraordinary youngpeople like all of you, I am more confident than ever before in our shared future.And I cannot wait to see everything that you will achieve here in China and aroundthe world.Thank you again for hosting me and my family at this extraordinary school, and Iwish you all the best of luck in your journey ahead. Xie-Xie. (Applause.)米歇尔在成都七中演讲全文奇速英语整理你好。
莱温斯基ted经典演讲稿中英文版
莱温斯基(Ted)经典演讲稿（中英文版）Introduction莱温斯基（Ted）是一位备受瞩目的演讲家和领导者，他以他的演讲能力和深入的见解而闻名于世。
他的演讲风格充满激情和力量，能够深入人心，并启发观众。
以下是莱温斯基经典演讲稿的中英文版本。
Ted经典演讲稿（中文版）标题：挑战自我，追求卓越大家好，我感到非常荣幸能够站在这个讲台上与大家分享我的经验和观点。
我曾经历过很多困难和挫折，但正是这些经历塑造了我成为今天的自己。
我们每个人都有追求卓越的欲望，但往往在面对困难和逆境时，我们会放弃自己的梦想。
但事实上，只有通过挑战自我，我们才能够发现自己的潜力和实现我们的目标。
我的人生经历告诉我，成功的关键在于如何应对挑战和逆境。
我们不能逃避困难，而是要积极面对，尽力克服它们。
只有当我们不断挑战自我，突破自己的舒适区，我们才能够成长和取得更大的成功。
我们每个人都有不同的才能和激情，但只有通过不断努力和坚持，我们才能够将这些潜力转化为卓越的成就。
我们要明确自己的目标，并制定合理的计划和策略，为达到目标而努力奋斗。
面对困难时，我们要坚持乐观的心态。
困难并不能击败我们，只有我们自己能够决定是否放弃。
我们要相信自己的能力，坚持自己的梦想。
即使失败了，我们也要从中学习并继续前进。
最后，我希望鼓励大家，在追求卓越的道路上不断挑战自我。
面对困难和逆境时，不要害怕失败，而是要相信自己的能力，坚持奋斗。
只有这样，我们才能够获得真正的成功和满足感。
Ted Classic Speech (English Version)Title: Embrace the Challenge, Pursue ExcellenceHello everyone, I feel incredibly honored to stand on this podium and share my experiences and perspectives with all of you. I have gone through many difficulties and setbacks, but it is these experiences that shaped me into who I am today.We all have the desire to pursue excellence, but often, when faced with challenges and adversities, we give up on our dreams. However, the truth is, it isonly through challenging ourselves that we can discover our potential and achieve our goals.My life experiences have taught me that the key to success lies in how we handle challenges and adversities. We cannot avoid difficulties, but instead, we should face them head-on and strive to overcome them. Only when we constantly challenge ourselves and push beyond our comfort zones can we grow and achieve greater success.Each one of us has different talents and passions, but it is only through continuous effort and perseverance that we can turn these potentials into outstanding achievements. We need to clarify our goals and develop reasonable plans and strategies to work towards them.In the face of difficulties, we should mntn an optimistic mindset. Difficulties cannot defeat us; it is only ourselves who can decide whether to give up or not. We should believe in our abilities and persist in pursuing our dreams. Even in the face of flure, we should learn from it and keep moving forward.Lastly, I want to encourage everyone to constantly challenge themselves in the pursuit of excellence. Do not fear flure when faced with difficulties and adversities;instead, believe in your abilities and persevere. Only then can we achieve true success and fulfillment.Conclusion莱温斯基的演讲意味深长，他鼓励我们要不断挑战自我，追求卓越。
丘吉尔演讲翻译
丘吉尔演讲翻译丘吉尔演讲翻译篇一：丘吉尔英语演讲稿：就职演说(中英对照)1940年5月8日，由于前首相张伯伦遭到不信任质疑动议，被迫辞职。
5月10日下午6时，国王召见丘吉尔，令其组阁；一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼，邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持。
3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议，发表了著名的讲话：“我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家??你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利，不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利，无论道路多么遥远艰难，也要争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。
”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。
正文：onfridayeveninglastireceivedfromhismajestythemissiontoformanew administration.上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。
itwastheevidentwillofparliamentandthenationthatthisshouldbeconceivedonthebroadestpossiblebasisandthatitshouldincludeallparties.按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该兼容所有的党派。
我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。
战时内阁已由五人组成，包括工党、反对党和自由党，这体现了举国团结一致。
由于事态的极端紧急和严峻，新阁政府须于一天之内组成，其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。
今晚还要向国王呈报一份名单。
我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命。
其余大臣们的任命照例得晚一些。
我相信，在国会下一次召开时，任命将告完成，臻于完善。
iconsidereditinthepublicinteresttosuggesttothespeakerthatthehouseshould besummonedtoday.attheendoftodaysproceedings,theadjournmentofthehou sewillbeproposeduntilmay2lwithprovisionforearliermeetingifneedbe.busine ssforthatwillbenotifiedtom.p.sattheearliestopportunity.为公众利益着想，我建议议长今天就召开国会。
Brugada综合征心电图多形态的临床意义(附2例病例)
脾囊肿 是一种 临床罕见 的疾病 ，１８２９年Ａｎｄｒａｌ在 尸解 中发现 了首 例脾 囊肿 ，１８６７年法 国外科 医师Ｐｃａｎ首次成功地 做了脾囊 肿切除术 。 而在过去 的一百 多年 中，全 世界 医学 文献报道 的非寄生虫性 脾囊肿 约 ８００余例 。近来随着腹部Ｂ超 、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ等影像学检查 方法的普及 ，脾 囊 肿的发病 率有增高 的趋势 。 ２．１脾囊肿 的分类
】２２．１２４
【关 键 词 】脾 囊肿 中 图分 类 号 ：Ｒ６５７．６
脾囊肿 １例报 道并文献复习
王 蓉 周 磐 石 （上海市第七人 民医院泌 尿外科 ，上海 ２００１３７）
文 献标 识码 ：Ｂ
文章编 号 ：１６７１－８１９４ （２０１２）２２－０３０７－０２
脾囊 肿是一 种罕见 的腹 腔 内囊 肿 ，临床诊 断较为 困难 ，我 院泌尿 外科收 治并手术发现 １例 ，结合相关文献报道 如下。 １ 病历 资料
患者 ，女 性 ，７Ｏ岁 。主诉 Ｂ超 发 现左 肾囊肿 进行 性增 大２年余 ， 并于２００６年３月６日拟 “左 肾囊肿 ”入我 院。病 程中 ，患者 无恶心 、呕 吐 ，无 咳嗽 、 咳痰 ，无 呼吸 困难 、心动 过速 ，无腹痛 、腹 泻 ，无畏 寒 、发 热 ，无尿 路刺激症状 。长期有左 侧腰酸病 史 ，并有 胃窦炎 ，骨 质疏松 ，脑供 血不足病 史。无手术和外伤 史。
体 格 检 查 ： Ｔ：３６．６℃ ，Ｐ：７０次 ／分 ，Ｒ： １ ９次 ／分 ，Ｂｐ： ｌ３０／９０ｍｍＨｇ。神 清 ，精神 可 ，结 膜无 苍 白 ，巩 膜 无 黄染 。呼 吸音 清 ，未 闻及 干湿 哕音 ，心率 ７Ｏ次／分 ，律 齐 ，各 听诊 区未 闻及心 脏杂 音 。全腹平软 ，无压 痛 ，反跳痛 。双 下肢无明显水肿 。
希拉里演讲稿及译文
补充回答：You know, you know, we started this great effort on a sunny July morning in Pindars Corner on Pat and Liz Moynihan’s beautiful farm and 62 counties, 16 months, 3 debates, 2 opponents, and 6 black 3)pantsuits later, because of you, here we are. You came out and said that issues and ideals matter. Jobs matter, downstate and upstate. Health care matters, education matters, the environment matters, Social Security matters, a woman’s right to choose matters. It all matters and I just want to say from the bottom of my heart, thank you, New York! Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation. I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you. I will, I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. I would like all of you and the countless New Yorkers and Americans watching to join me in honoring him for his 4)incredible half century of service to New York and our nation. Senator Moynihan, on behalf of New York and America, thank you. I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for al l of New York’s families. Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans. Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers. And how fortunate we are indeed to live in the most 5)diverse, 6)dynamic and beautiful state in the entire union. You know, from the South Bronx to the Southern Tier, from Brooklyn to Buffalo, from Montauk to Massena, from the 7)world’s tallest skyscrapers to breathtaking mountain ranges, I’ve met people whose faces and stories I will never forget. Thousands of New Yorkers from all 62 counties welcomed me into your schools, your local 8)diners, your factory floors, your living rooms and front 9)porches. You taught me, you tested me and you shared with me your challenges and concerns-about overcrowded or crumbling schools, about the struggle to care for growing children and aging parents, about the continuing challenge of providing equal opportunity for all and about children moving away from their home towns because good jobs are so hard to find in upstate New York. Now I’ve worked on issues like the se for a long time, some of them for 30 years, and I am determined to make a difference for all of you. You see, I believe our nation 10)owes every responsible citizen and every responsible family the tools that they need to make the most of their own live s. That’s the basic bargain. I’ll do my best to honor in the United States Senate. And to those of you who did not support me, I want you to know that I will work in the Senate for you and for all New Yorkers. And to those of you who worked so hard and never lost faith even in the toughest times, I offer you my 11)undying gratitude.大家知道，我们是在七月的一个阳光灿烂的早上，从帕特和丽兹·莫伊尼汉夫妇位于频德角的美丽农场开始迈出了这艰难的一步，然后辗转六十二个县，历经过十六个月、三场辩论，打败了两个竞争对手，穿破六套黑色便服。
ted duck worth演讲稿中英文对照
ted duck worth演讲稿中英文对照下面是Ted Duckworth的演讲稿的中英文对照：英文演讲稿：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for having me here today.I am honored to stand before you and share my thoughts on the topic of leadership. In today's rapidly changing world, effective leadership has become more important than ever. It is not enough to simply have a title or position of authority; true leadership requires the ability to inspire and motivate others towards a common goal.As the saying goes, "Leadership is not about being in charge. It is about taking care of those in your charge." This is a principle that I firmly believe in. Great leaders understand that their success is directly linked to the success of their team. They know that by empowering others and creating a supportive environment, they can bring out the best in everyone.In my own career, I have had the privilege of working with and learning from some incredible leaders. One thing I have noticed is that they all possess certain key qualities that set them apart. These include integrity, empathy, and resilience.Integrity is essential for leaders because it builds trust and establishes credibility. It means being honest, transparent, andalways doing what is right, even when no one is watching. As a leader, your actions speak louder than words, and it is crucial to lead by example.Empathy is another crucial quality of effective leaders. It means being able to understand and relate to the needs and concerns of others. When you demonstrate empathy, you create a sense of belonging and foster a positive work environment. People are more likely to trust and follow someone who shows genuine care and concern for their well-being.Lastly, resilience is paramount in the face of challenges and setbacks. Great leaders understand that failure is a necessary part of growth and development. They embrace mistakes as opportunities for learning and encourage their team to do the same. By remaining resilient in the face of adversity, they inspire others to persevere and overcome obstacles.In conclusion, leadership is not about power or authority. It is about serving and empowering others to reach their full potential. By embodying integrity, empathy, and resilience, we can become the leaders our world needs. Let us strive to lead with purpose and make a positive impact on those around us.Thank you.中文翻译：女士们先生们，早上好。
2016年米歇尔助选希拉里民主党全国大会演讲
2016年米歇尔助选希拉里演讲稿（中英文）Thank you all. Thank you so much. You know, it’s hard to believe that it has been eight years since I first came to this convention to talk with you about why I thought my husband should be president.谢谢各位，谢谢。
真是令人难以置信，八年就这样过去了。
八年前，我第一次站在这个大会上告诉诸位，为什么我的丈夫应该成为总统。
Remember how I told you about his character and convictions, his decency and his grace, the traits that we’ve seen every day that he’s served our country in the White House?大家还记得吗，我向你们介绍他的品质与信念，说着他的正派与慈悲，以及他在白宫为国操劳的每一天向我们展现的所有优点。
I also told you about our daughters, how they are the heart of our hearts, the center of our world. And during our time in the White House, we’ve had the joy of watching them grow from bubbly little girls into poised young women, a journey that started soon after we arrived in Washington. 我那时还向各位说起我们的女儿，说起她们是我们宝贝的心头肉，是我们眼里世界的中心。
丘吉尔演讲翻译（范本）
丘吉尔演讲翻译丘吉尔演讲翻译篇一：丘吉尔英语演讲稿：就职演说(中英对照) 1940年5月8日，由于前首相张伯伦遭到不信任质疑动议，被迫辞职。
5月10日下午6时，国王召见丘吉尔，令其组阁；一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼，邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持。
3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议，发表了著名的讲话：“我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利，不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利，无论道路多么遥远艰难，也要争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。
”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。
正文：n Fr iday eveni ng last Ireceived f rm His Maj esty the m issin t fr m a ne adm inistratin. 上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。
It a s the evid ent ill fParliament and the n atin thatthis shuld be cnceiv ed n the b radest pss ible basis and thatit shuld i nclude all parties.按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该兼容所有的党派。
I havealready pl eted the m st imprtan t part f t his task.A ar cabin et has bee n frmed ffive membe rs, repres enting, it h the Labr, ppsitinand Libera ls, the un ity f thenatin. 我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。
奥巴马《yes we can》演讲稿中英对照
奥巴马《yes we can》演讲稿中英对照奥巴马演讲稿中英对照xx年11月6日，第一位非洲裔的美国总统诞生，他就是毕业于哈佛大学法学院的奥巴马。
41岁的奥巴马有雄辩之才、文雅之风，其竞选成功当晚的演讲就是一篇非常优秀的演讲范文。
可惜网上乱传的许多译文质量差强人意，本人特此翻译一遍，润色一回，以飧各位。
胡子谨记xx年11月6日星期四YES WE CAN 《我们一定能》Remarks of President-Elect Barack Obama, as prepared for delivery总统侯选人巴拉克•奥巴马的竞选成功后的演讲稿，为竞选成功而作Election Night 竞选之夜Tuesday, November 4th, xx年11月4日，星期二Chicago, Illinois 伊利诺斯，芝加哥If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy,tonight is your answer.是否还有人仍然怀疑美国是可以创造任何可能性的国家；是否还有人仍然对我们这个时代能缔造梦想感到困惑；是否还有人仍在质疑我们民主党的执政能力，答案就在今夜。
It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen; by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the very first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different; that their voice could be that difference.这个答案正以前所未见的那些延伸至学校和教堂的横幅昭示着；人们等待了三到四个小时，也看到平生第一次的那个时刻来到，人民相信这是如此不同的时刻；他们的呼声也因此前所未有的响亮。
朱棣文哈佛演讲稿（配翻译）
朱棣文哈佛演讲稿（配翻译）(朱棣文演讲原音)朱棣文哈佛演讲My students, post doctoral fellows, and the young researchers who worked with me at Bell Labs, Stanford, and Berkeley have been extraordinary. Over 30 former group members are now professors, many at the best research institutions in the world, including Harvard. I have learned much from them. Even now, in rare moments on weekends, the remaining members of my biophysics group meet with me in the ether world of cyberspace.我教过的学生、带过的博士后、合作过的年轻同事，都非常优秀。
他们中有30多人，现在已经是教授了。
他们所在的研究机构有不少是全世界第一流的，其中就包括哈佛大学。
我从他们身上学到了很多东西。
即使现在，我偶尔还会周末上网，向现在还从事生物物理学研究的学生请教。
I began teaching with the idea of giving back; I received more than I gave. This brings me to the final movement of this speech. It begins with a story about an extraordinary scientific discovery and a new dilemma that it poses. It’s a call to arms and about making a difference.我怀着回报社会的想法，开始了教学生涯。
俞洪敏一分钟励志演讲稿中英对照
演讲稿也叫演讲词，它是在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场合发表的讲话文稿。
好的演讲稿，应该既有热情的鼓动，又有冷静的分析，要把抒情和说理有机地结合起来，做到动之以情，晓之以理。
语言要求做到准确、精练、生动形象、通俗易懂，不能讲假话、大话、空话，也不能讲过于抽象的话。
要多用比喻，多用口语化的语言，深入浅出，把抽象的道理具体化，把概念的东西形象化，让听众听得入耳、听得明白。
演讲稿具有宣传、鼓动、教育和欣赏等作用，它可以把演讲者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者，使他们信服并在思想感情上产生共鸣，下面一起来看下为大家精选的演讲稿。
There are two way of our lifeOne is the same as the grassAlthough you are alive and grow up each year,After all, just grass,You enjoy the rain the sun and grow upPeople can still step on you,They won’t feel painful when you are sufferingThey won’t feel pity for you when you being trampledBecause people have not seen you in their eyes.So every one of us should grow like the treeEven if we mean nothing nowBut as long as you have the seedsEven if be stepped into the soilYou are still able to absorb the nutrients and grow up.you may not grow up in tow or three yearsBut you will certainly be able to grow into giant trees in eight years, ten years, twenty yearsWhen you grow into towering trees,people will see you form distantApproached you, you can give people a piece of green, a shade, you can help others,when people leave and looked backYou are still on the horizon line to make up the beauty of the scenery.When they live, they are a beautiful landscape, when they died, they are still ridgepole and beamIt should be the life standards of each one of usAlthough each river has its own different curve,But every river has its own dream:That is, towards the sea.Our lives, sometimes like sand,You may slowly sink like sand.maybe you do not have to work hard in order to move forward,Once you sinkBut you also never see the sun.Therefore, I suggest that you, whatever your life isYou must have the sprit of water savings on its own andconstantly breaking the barriers,Settle yourself and accumulated the knowledge,One day when the time comes, you will be able to flush into the sea and achieve your life.人的生活方式有两种，第一种方式是像草一样活着，你尽管活着，每年还在成长，但是你究竟是一棵草，你吸收雨露阳光，但是长不大。
【最新】演讲稿翻译风格-精选word文档 (11页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==演讲稿翻译风格篇一：演讲稿对照翻译第一次笔译作业（C-E）：今天，我很荣幸来到重庆大学这所中国知名的高等学府，尤其高兴是在贵校庆祝建校75周年之际访问贵校，向诸位表示祝贺。
Today, it is my great honor to come to Chongqing University, a Chinese famous institution of higher learning. I am particularly pleased to visit your school on the occasion of her 75th anniversary. I’d like to extend my congratulations to you.今天，我想谈谈英国和中国，谈谈两国之间的合作，谈谈两国对彼此的文化和社会的印象。
英中两国之间的交流可以追溯到几百年以前。
第一位英国大使于1793年访问北京，欲与中国建立贸易关系，但是遭到乾隆皇帝的婉拒。
19世纪，英中两国之间的交往多了起来，但并不总是很愉快的。
第二次世界大战期间，英中两国并肩战斗。
英国同许多其他国家一样，在重庆曾经设有领事机构。
Today, I would like to turn to the United Kingdom and China, to talk about cooperation between the two countries, to talk about theirimpressions on each other’s culture and society. Exchanges between our two countries can be traced back to hundreds of years ago. Thefirst British ambassador visited Beijing in 1793, wishing toestablish trade relations with China, but encountered turning down of the emperor Qianlong. In the 19th century, contact between UK and China became more frequent, but was not always very pleasant. During the Second World War, UK and China once fight shoulder to shoulder. Like many other countries, Britain once set up consular institutionsin Chongqing.今天，英中两国的交往比以往任何时候都更为广泛，更具成效，更相互尊重。
艾伦演讲中英文对照
The Framework for the Reform of Evidence证据法革新的框架The 4th International Conference on Evidence Law and Forensic ScienceBeijing, China第四届证据理论与科学国际研讨会（中国•北京）The Contribution of Evidence Science to the Rule of Lawand the Progression of Civilization证据科学对于法治和文明进程的贡献July 20-21, 20132013年7月20 －21日Ronald J. Allen*罗纳德J. 艾伦Thank you for those kind words of introduction. It is a great pleasure to be addressing you today, and a distinct honor. I have been working with the faculty of CUPL and other Chinese Universities for over a decade now, and this is my fifteenth trip to China to do lectures and meet with colleagues concerning matters of mutual interest. What began for me as a somewhat exotic excursion into the law of another nation has now become a part of the fabric of my life. And as a teacher and scholar, it is particularly gratifying to see the great progress that has been made in China through the contributions of the many Chinese scholars I have been privileged to have study with me at Northwestern University, and with whom I have interacted over the years in China and the United States.* John Henry Wigmore Professor of Law, Northwestern University, President, Board of Foreign Advisors, Evidence Law and Forensic Sciences Institute, Fellow, Procedural Law Research Center, CUPL. I am indebted to Jiang Yujia, a second year law student at Northwestern University, for her research assistance.美国西北大学约翰•亨利•威格莫尔法学教授、中国政法大学证据科学研究院外国专家咨询委员会主席、诉讼法研究中心研究员。
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10
房颤药物
多种电流阻滞剂 胺碘酮 决奈达隆 钠通道阻滞剂 心律平 福卡因 钾通道阻滞剂 索他洛尔 多非利特 选择性心房钾通道阻断剂 IKur 阻断剂
11
降低IKur引发房颤？
12
阻断IKur 引发 房颤
AN-29
Ranolazine
PRR
Lidocaine
PRR
AN-30
心房选择性钠通道阻滞剂
• 假设 : 雷诺嗪具有心房选择性，因为： 1) 从钠通道快速解离 2) 延长心房动作电位 (阻滞 IKr). • 推论: 胺碘酮 1) 从钠通道快速解离 2) 选择性延长心房动作电位
AN-31
长期使用胺碘酮导致Vmax降低是剂量依赖和心房特异性
心房
Ito1 IKur
心室
Ito1 ICa-L IKr IKs IKs IK1
- 87 mV
ICaL
IKr INa
- 82 mV
IK1 INa
IKATP
IK-ACh, IK-ATP
Antzelevitch and Burashnikov. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1188:78-86, 2010 6
现有制剂的改进 胺碘酮 诱导药 决奈达龙 Celivarone ATI-2042
缝隙连接靶点 Cx40 Cx43
细胞内钙稳态 的正常化
Burashnikov and Antzelevitch. Ann. Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 14, 290–300, 2009
5
离子通道电流
14
AN-15
Left ventricular cells V0.5 = -73.1 mV Slope= – 3.6 atrial
0
INa 失活 狗心房和心 室心肌细胞
Right atrial cells V0.5 = -88.8 mV Slope= – 5.3
0
ventricular
0
Burashnikov et al. Circulation 116:1449-57, 2007
Molecular Biology
Alejandra Guerchicoff Yuesheng Wu
*
Molecular Genetics
Guido Pollevick Elena Burashnikov Ryan Pfeiffer
In Vivo and Modeling Studies
Vladislav V. Nesterenko Jacques Weissenberger
Coronary-perfused Right Atrium
冠状动脉灌注右房标本
-83 mV
冠状动脉灌注左室标本
-87 mV
17
10 uM雷诺嗪对右房齿状肌正常动作电位作用的影响on （冠状动脉灌注右房模型）
18
AN-19
雷诺嗪导致心房复极后不应期而非心室
心房
C
心室
[雷诺嗪] (mM)
[雷诺嗪] (mM)
AN-34
心房选择性钠通道阻滞剂
• 假设: 将心房选择性开发状态阻滞剂与心房选择 性失活状态阻滞剂（长期使用胺碘酮）导致潜 在的钠通道激活抑制，及心房相关参数
ATRIA
ERP and APD75 (ms)
雷诺嗪和胺碘 酮联合使用对 后复极不应期 的效应
冠脉灌注右房标本 5 uM Ranolazine
DADs Late Phase 3 EADs
Sicouri et al. Heart Rhythm 5:1019-26, 2008
AN-24
雷诺嗪与钠通道结合的动力学和亲和力
雷诺嗪是在静息状态快速解离的开放阻滞剂
钠通道状态 Kinetic rates & KD’s
结合(μM-1sec-1) 开放 非结合 (sec-1)
I will include reference to off-label/investigational uses of drugs in this presentation, including ranolazine and amiodarone
Masonic Medical Research Laboratory Utica, NY 13501
Perfused Wedge Studies
Gan-Xin Yan Wataru Shimizu Jeffrey Fish Alexander Burashnikov Serge Sicouri Jose Di Diego Gi-Byoung Nam Tetsuro Emori Shunichiro Myoshi Fabrice Extramiana Chinmay Patel Marcela Feirrero
Untreated Control
Chronic Amiodarone
40 mg/Kg/day-6 wks
AN-32
心房选择性钠通道阻滞剂的机制
快速释放 动作电位 延长 心房选择性
雷诺嗪
普罗帕酮
X
+++++
+
利多卡因 长期使用胺碘酮
X
++ +++++
普罗帕酮,雷诺嗪,利多卡因和长期使用胺碘酮 终止和预防房颤产生效应
KD (μM)
结合 (μM-1sec-1) 失活
286 ±147
−0.005 ±0.008
285 ±172
−0.004 ±0.012
非结合 (sec-1)
0.10 ±0.15
0.06 ±0.24
AN-25
心房选择性钠通道阻滞
• 假设 : 以上资料显示雷诺嗪是心房选择性，理由是： 1) 从钠通道快速解离 2) 延长心房动作电位prolongs APD in atria (由于阻 滞 IKr). • 推论:普罗帕酮 1) 从钠通道缓慢解离 2) 延长心房动作电位 (由于阻滞 IKr). is less atrial-selective.几乎无心房选择性
ERP - APD75 =
260 240 220 200 180 160 140 Control Ranolazine 5 mM Chronic Chronic Amiodarone Amiodarone + Ranolazine (5 mM)
35
Post-Repolarization Refractoriness CL = 500 ms ERP
自主神经兴奋
基质
触发因素
心动过缓 急性心房张力增高 缺血
纤维化
肥厚 炎症
房颤
重构
Modified from D. Rosenbaum 2008
重构心房的离子流
正常心房
Ito1 Ito1 IKur
重构心房
ICa IKur Ito IK1 IK-ACh (CA) IK1
INa
IKur ICa IKr IKs IK1
*
69 ms PRR
*
39 ms APD75
*
21 ms 4
Sicouri et al. Circ A &E, 3 :88-95, 2010
*
p< 0.01 vs. respective APD75 (n=4 -17).
雷诺嗪(5 µM),和胺碘酮联合预防Ach-介导的持续性房颤
ACh (1 µ M) ACh + Ranolazine (5 µ M) ACh + Chronic Amidoarone ACh + Ranolazine (5 µ + M) Chronic Amdiodarone
房颤的产生
↓ 波长 ↓有效不应期 电异质性
房性早搏
自主神经兴奋
基质
触发因素
心动过缓 急性心房张力增高 缺血
纤维化
肥厚 炎症
房颤
Modified from D. Rosenbaum 2008
Maintenance of Atrial Fibrillation
↓ 波长 ↓有效不应期 电异质性
房性早搏
Burashnikov et al. Circulation 116:1449-57, 2007Fra bibliotekAN-20
ACh预处理的冠状动脉灌注狗RA标本快速起搏 导致房颤 雷诺嗪(10 uM) 使房颤转为房扑和窦性心律
Burashnikov et al. Circulation 116:1449-57, 2007
AN-21
雷诺嗪(10 uM) ACh预处理的冠状动脉灌注狗RA 标本重复导致房颤失败
Burashnikov et al. Circulation 116:1449-57, 2007
AN-22
雷诺嗪抑制房颤
基质 ? 触发
AN-23
雷诺嗪抑制肺静脉触发起源由于：
•
• •
折返活动 延迟后除极 3相晚早后除极
普罗帕酮无心房选择性
普罗帕酮 雷诺嗪
26
AN-27
普罗帕酮抑制和预防房颤
AN-28
心房选择性钠通道阻滞剂
• 假设 : 雷诺嗪具有心房选择性 1) 从钠通道快速解离 2) 延长心房动作电位 (阻滞 IKr). • 推论: 利多卡因 1)从钠通道快速解离 2) 缩短心房动作电位 ：几乎无心房选择性
心房
2.97 ±0.15 5.35 ±2.69
心室
3.22 ±0.22 5.93 ±4.26
KD (μM)