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TOEFLiBT 高分作文 思路+范文 完美重排版

TOEFLiBT 高分作文 思路+范文 完美重排版

TOEFL.iBT 高分作文思路+范文完美重排版 (3)本部分填补了目前网络iBT 备考资料的空白。

根据李笑来老师提供的作文思路与《iBT 高分作文》原书范文重排。

本部分对iBT 考试的独立写作部分与口语部分均具有重要的参考作用。

范文中加粗部分均依为原书所有。

附录一185 题库按关键词分类 (184)照录原书附录附录二李笑来作文笔记(独立部分) (185)根据本人新东方听课详尽笔记整理而成附录三句法多样性专题 (193)附录四例证表达法 (199)时间匆忙,欢迎指出错误,将在后面的版本中修正。

感谢笑来老师给我们提供了如此之好的备考材料,一切版权归笑来老师所有。

仅供广大iBT 考生备考参考,建议购买原版以更好使用。

Lost Lawyer2006 年11 月10 日Page 2 of 201TOEFL.iBT 高分作文思路+范文完美重排版1. Why people attend college?People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.『分析』说明人们选择上大学的具体原因(一个或者多个):增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野为了实现理想(ideal; idealistic)(如,周恩来就是为中华之崛起而读书)为了保证将来的就业机会父母要求子女上大学别人都上大学了,所以自己也选择读书找不到工作("无知",总是一部分人做出某个选择的理由。

上大学如是[1],去博物馆如是[12],从事危险运动亦如是[43]。

O’level英语作文记叙文(narratives)经验总结

O’level英语作文记叙文(narratives)经验总结

O’level英语作文记叙文(narratives)经验总结博主按:儿子回国一周了,在忙忙碌碌中,见缝插针的写下了这篇o’level 英语作文记叙文(narratives)经验总结.儿子是善于总结、乐于分享的孩子.用他的话说:“自己总结的一些经验,要造福学弟学妹们,让他们节省时间,少走点弯路”.我很鼓励孩子这样做,独乐乐不如众乐乐,总结就是让自己再提高的过程,也是对别人有意义的一件事.更重要的是,我欣喜地看到,孩子走出国门,海外求学这两年,有别于国内填鸭式的教育体制已经在孩子身上有了折射.那就是:学习是自己的事,孩子学会了独立自主的总结与思考.o’level英语作文记叙文(narratives)经验总结学长我老了,考完o’level之后就很少再有机会narratives了.在海星的两年里虽然不敢自称narrative的大神,不过有很多这方面的经验了.在渐渐忘掉它之前,还是把经验传给众学弟学妹们,希望对大家有用.以下所说代表个人经验,仅供参考.绪论按照2021年及以前英语作文题目来看,5道题里有1道 one word和1道personal recount.我认识的大多数人写的是one word.但是我一直写personal recount,因为one word容易跑题,并太 recount把场景,大体故事什么的都设定好了,所以容易将类似的经验套入.无论是pure narrative还是personal recount大体遵循如下结构:strategies usedgradeother strategies(show not tell details etc.)vocabularysentence structureb3-c5plot and grammarc6 and below任何时候grammar是最重要的,如果连句子都写不对,卷子被画成“满江红”那就绝对fail.在词汇量还相对贫乏的时侯可以用sentence structure来帮自己拿到18分左右,有一定好词佳句时可以到20+,但要拿distinction就要在句式变化的基础上引入“大词”和别的策略了.按种类,narratives可分为pure narrative和personal narrative以第三人称叙述,不一定是生活中发生过的事,不一定真实,只要贴近题目即可.personal recount用第一人称,最好是自己的经历,也可以根据已有经历改编,但要贴近生活,要有可信度,在结构上必须按时间顺序来写.(. no flashback)推荐写personal recount,因为可以加入个人独特的经历.两个题目都可以用.更多选择,更多欢乐.一.故事1.选材: cambridge examiner 喜欢贴近生活的小故事(据说他们想了解新加坡人一天到晚都在干什么),不喜欢超越现实,脱离生活的故事.所以不要写什么凶杀、科幻、魔幻、悬疑、血腥、暴力的内容.情节不需要一波三折,陡出波澜, 但必须紧扣题目.(如果跑题,无论语言多好,也就是15,16的分)我personal recount的选材都是自己作为一个scholar或是中国人独特的经历,因为这样写就能set you aside from other candidates.像宿舍集体生活,学长和学弟,在华文学会的生活都是常用的题材.自己的独特经历是一般人没有的,也就使文章与众不同.比如,有题目出:write about a time when you had a heated argument with your friend. 我就写宿舍里有人打游戏打到很晚,吵得我睡不着觉,在各种方法试过后行不通就吵了,反映的是集体宿舍的生活.再如,有题目出:write about a time when you had a sleepless night.就可以写精彩的中华文学之夜.总之,素材要从生活积累,多回想一下发生过的事.此外,narratives的故事最好是短时间内发生的事,不要有很长的time gap.比如在文中经常出现几个月后,几年后这样的话,既不容易加入descriptive details又给人感到记流水账.因为每段时间先要创设一个setting,老是换setting总让人不断适应新的setting,还占字数.写narratives要找机会加入descriptive details来拿分,所以写的事最好是短时间内,能详细描写的事,比如一场比赛,一个晚上的宴会,一次面试等.2.时间:在考试时,最多用五分钟来选材、构思.第六分钟必须开始写了.每面花15分钟左右.总共用时控制在一小时之内.有时间检查更好,没时间也没关系,写的多了出错的几率也就少了.3.长度:有的老师特别讨厌长文章.建议长度控制在450到600之间,换算成foolscap的长度是3版到4版.4.结构:narratives的结构跟人体的比例结构差不多.开头不能太长,第一段最多三分之二版.先构思一下结构再写.注意详略得当,详写主要情节,人物心理、神态、动作等,略写无关紧要的次情节.如果有time gap就缩短描绘setting的文字.比如:half a year elapsed quickly and the winter holiday would e ina few weeks.一句话就概括了.5.关于“套”故事:一般写narrative的人爱把自己写过的作文往里面套.可以这么做,但必须进行适当的修改来扣住题目.(. gear to answer the question)这个过程中要做到自然,不要套不进还硬往里挤.如果让marker感觉到这是一篇reproduced essay (. 跑题),你的麻烦就大了.考试之前,读读自己写过的作文,脑子里多回想一下发生过的事,准备几个plot就行了.个人认为与其练如何套故事,不如多训练如何在5分钟之内构思故事.因为题目有可能是关于自己从没准备过的故事,能套中则好,套不中难道就 die, die吗?所以“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”,多练在5分钟内回想,采用个人经验,即使是自己以前没写过的也没关系.因为在文章中具体套用的是好词佳句,不一定是故事.现场发挥写的速度也是很快的.二.语法1.时态:narratives是在记叙过去发生过的事,所以通篇应该用过去式.但是在对话(dialogue)里的时态应是现在时,除非对话里的内容也是过去发生的事.在这里,尤其应该注意完成时的使用,表现事件发生的顺序性.比如,当运用before, after一类表示先后发生的词语时,应注意先发生的事件要用完成时.看以下两个例句就明白了:a. after had slapped him, he burst into tears.b. had already slapped him before he could explain himself.2.主谓一致:几个最致命的错误之一.但在narrative里用过去时,所以不容易出错.3.run-on sentences:也称ma splice,最常见的错误之一,中文称“连写句”.一个句子如果有不止一个主句,可以用and一类的连接词连起来,但如果用逗号连接主句就叫run-on sentences.比如:the door creaked open noisily, a small room came into view.这里,两个句子有不同的意思,没有关联,都是主句,所以就有ma splice.要么把逗号换成句号,要么用and一类的关联词来代替.在检查句子是否有语法错误的时候,最常见的方法就是看一句话中到底有几个主句,是否用了连接词.in a nutshell: grammar很重要,但是几个语法错误并不影响拿高分.因为时间很紧,不可能一点错都没有.但只要通篇给人的印象是你懂英语语法,偶尔几个错误也没关系,他们会认为是你写快了不小心写错的.三.句法1.句子类型:英语句子分三类,“simple sentence”,“pound sentence”,“plex sentence”.simple sentence就是最简单的主谓宾结构pound sentence就是把两个simple sentence用“and”,“but”,“so”一类的conjunctions连起来plex sentence就加入各种从句了.上面表中的“sentence structure”意思是要有variety.三种类型中cambridge讨厌pound sentence.所以一篇文章里出现几个就够了.刚来的时候老师嫌我们水平太差,写长句子会出错,所以就让我们写short simple sentences.但是一篇好文章里必须要有sentence variety.如果只有短句子,虽然没有语法错误,但表现不出你对语言的掌握.所以好的文章应该还是以长句,中句为主,加入从句,状语跟别的信息.在这样的基础上加入一些简短有力的短句(5个词以内)来表现出effect.比如“my heart sank”,“my jaws dropped”一类的短句,扔在一堆长句子中就很有效果.2.倒装句(inverted structures):为了进一步增添sentence variety,强烈建议大家用上一两次倒装.一般是把句子中介词以后的部分挪到句首.比如:three gigantic balloons lay there before us. 倒过来就是:there before us lay three gigantic balloons. 此外还有将句子的否定成分放到句首的.比如:i had never realised that he was such an altruistic person. 倒过来就是:never had i realised that he was such an altruistic person. 另外so…that…句型也经常用于倒装,比如:the substance was so powerful that it could cure all the diseases. 倒过来就是:so powerful was the substance that it could cure all the diseases,形式完美. 倒装句着重强调了放到句首的部分,使整齐的句式富有变化,为文章增色添彩.3.sentence fragment:一个句子里至少必须有一个主语和一个谓语,少了其中之一就叫sentence fragment.有些人故意放sentence fragment以达到一些效果.有的老师喜欢,有的就会圈出来.见过最牛逼的sentence fragment就是在文章最末一段只有一个词:“silence——”具有非常好的效果.但严格来说,sentence fragment属于语法错误,所以总体上为保险起见不建议写.4.用连词开头:有人爱用“and”,“but”,“so”一类的连词来开头,还是为了达到一些效果.如果一定要用的话,用一两次“but”就行了,而且不要多用.至于“and”和“so”一类的连词很说不过去,建议不要用.5.伴随状语(acpanying adverbial):在记叙文中,为了在一句话中加入更多的信息经常使用伴随状语.伴随状语的内容与主句的内容往往是同时发生的,这与在句中放置一系列并列的动词很不一样.比如:screaming hysterically, the man ran out of the haunted house.这句话就是说那个男人在跑出鬼屋的同时惊声尖叫.但如果换成如下的句子,意思就不一样了:the man screamed hysterically and ran out of the haunted house.这个句子中两个动词出现的顺序不同,表达的意思就是那个男人先尖叫,然后再跑出了鬼屋.另外,伴随状语的使用原则往往是直接以adjectives, present或past participle开头,省略了句子成分中的be动词,不然就会出现两个主句(run-on sentence的问题).比如,原本应该是“is screaming hysterically”变成状语加在句中就是“screaming hysterically”.伴随状语中的主语可以和主句中的主语相同,也可以不同.当相同时,伴随状语中的主语就会省略,以非谓语动词开头.如果不同,则需要保留(独立主格结构).比如:her head spinning and her body reeling, madam lim felt her world begin to swim in front of her.这里,“her head”、“her body”和“madam lim”是三个不同的主语,所以各自在句中保留,而伴随状语中的be动词都被省略了.当使用不同主语的伴随状语的时候往往省略了介词with,这些with都是可以还原的.使用伴随状语是最容易达到sentence variety的.因为状语可以用逗号放到句子的很多部分中.比如下面这组句子:screaming hysterically, the man ran out of the haunted house.the man, screaming hysterically, ran out of the haunted house.the man ran out of the haunted house, screaming hysterically.伴随状语可以放到句首,句中和句末.反复使用,表现得十分传神,使句子参差错落极富变化,超凡脱俗,令人拍案叫绝.四.标点1.对话中的标点:英语中标点的运用主要是逗号和句号,用的时候注意上面所说的ma splice的问题.此外还常用问号和叹号(但是叹号用的太多,以至于cambridge经常抱怨新加坡人太爱发感慨).标点常见错误出现在对话中.英语的对话永远不会出现冒号,所有在中文中用冒号的地方用逗号代替.对话中一句话的开始第一个字母要大写.具体可看下面三组不同形式的对话:a. he sat down and consoled her, “don’t worry. you can try harder next time.”b. “where is your homework? e to my office!” madam lim cried.c. “you will never succeed in life,” madam lim asserted. “your arrogance is simply too annoying!”不多讲,注意以上标点的用法,特别是标红的部分就可以了.2.分号(semicolon):在这里向大家隆重推荐使用分号.分号就是“;”,深深地为examiner所喜爱,因为会准确使用它的人太少.分号的作用是连接两个紧密关联的句子.它左右两边的必须是有紧密关联的,完整的句子.也就是说,分号可用来替换像“because”“as”一类的关联词.通常分号右边的句子用来解释左边的句子,如:i noticed a genuine smile on madam lee’s face; she seemed to be elated by the performance that was beyond her expectation.在这里,分号右面的部分用于解释为什么她会微笑,两个句子有紧密的关联.另外要注意,第二个句子的首字母一定要小写.3.波折号(dash):与分号相比,波折号的运用更加广泛.波折号的用处是在句子中展现一些别的内容.可以是解释原因(这时它的用法与分号相同,可以替换分号),如上边的例句中,分号就可以换为波折号.再如:he will not tell you anything about how to study well——that is his own secret.也可以表示列举,如:the reward was handsome——a plaque of gold award and a pile of brightly-coloured, crispy notes.还可以用于未说完的,被打断的对话中,如:“what if we——”“no, i have a better idea.”波折号可以用于句中,也可以用于句末.波折号后面的内容不一定是完整的句子.cambridge很喜欢分号和波折号,保证在文中用上两三次就行了.4.连字符(hyphen):这里再向大家介绍一下连字符,在summary里很管用.连字符用来连接两个词语,使结合的新词同时有两个词语的意思.联结起来的词只算作一个词.比如: noun+ adjectivenoun + participleadjective + participleaccident-proneputer-aidedgood-lookingsugar-freequality-drivenquick-thinkingcarbon-neutralstraw-filledill-temperedpower-madawe-inspiringfair-hairedjelly-likemind-bogglingcrimson-varnished此外还有adverb+participle一类的连接词.这类词应该用在所修饰的名词前.如: a well-known person.但是如果用在名词之后,就不能用连字符.如:the actor is well known for his great dramatic prowess.连字符不如分号和波折号吃香,但为了显示你懂多种标点符号,也建议使用.五.词汇和其他策略1.词汇的准确性:如果说议论文是content-based,记叙文就是language-based,在文中仅有sentence variety是不够的.所以词汇的使用很重要.在这里不一定非要用生僻的,别人没见过的大词,而要把词用准(appropriateness),用得恰到好处,产生点铁成金的效果.比如下面几个句子中画bold+ underline 的词语.a. heplunged (rather than stabbed) the knifeunerringly into the master’s throat, again and again. (“plunged”一词描绘了刀的速度之快和力量之大,而“unerringly”描绘了用刀的准确性) b. wehumbly stood up and greeted madam limwith our heads bowed, whereupon madam limswaggered (rather than walked) her way across the stage and took her seat in the first row. (“humbly”和“with our heads bowed”体现出我们的恭顺,反衬出madam. lim的骄傲,而“swaggered”一词意思是“walked in an arrogant way”用来描绘一个人骄傲的步伐就很合适)c. he sat down andhowled (rather than cried) when he was informed that his father had already passed away. (“howled”指痛苦、大声的哭,这里就比“cried”更有力量)d. decisively, hewhipped out (rather than took out) his knife andslashed at (rather than cut) the rope connecting him and the chaotic camels. (“whipped out” 反映出了拔刀之突然,速度之快而“slashed at”表现出砍绳子的动作之猛,这些都反映出他很decisive)由以上可以看出,选择合适的词语能够传递一些别的信息,使表达显得更准确,更生动,会使文章加不少的分数,令examiner爱不释手.但这些都需要有深厚的词汇积累和写作经验做基础,不然就会出现用错词的现象.当大家在把学到的“大词”运用到作文里时,一定要事先知道词的connotation,和词跟词之间的不同.如果你用“大词”用得文不从字不顺,那还不如不用.因为这给examiner 表现出你不知道这个词还乱用,扣的分比用一个普通的词还要多.下面有几个用错词的例子 (画bold+ underline的词语):a. thank you for yoursuperfluous english lessons. i have learned a lot of knowledge through them. (这里明显是想传达对英语老师给他上extra lessons的谢意,但“superfluous”一词在表示额外的同时还有一层unnecessary的意思,所以是错误的使用,可以换为“supplementary”)b. after hours of waiting, madam lim finallymaterialized at the front door of the classroom. (materialized 一词是个好词,形容突然出现.但一般是形容虚无的事物,如鬼魂,突然显现,用在这里也是不合适的)c. his trophyshimmered brightly under the stage light. (shimmered 也是个好词,用来形容反光,但一般指柔和的光,比如大海在月光的照耀下滢滢泛光.应该改为“glittered”)所以,大家在学到一个新词时,一定要查它的英文意思和例句,知道词与词之间微妙的不同,这样才能准确地用词.2.词汇的积累:词汇量的扩充是一个不断积累的过程,有的来自于读书,有的来自于日常生活.但无论怎样都必须经过一道程序——查词典.在这里向大家推荐使用电子辞典.有些老师特别讨厌电子辞典,说它们在误导中国学生.但我觉得电子辞典只要使用恰当,就对学英语有很大的帮助.首先在选字典时要选既有汉语又有英语解释的辞典,而且英文解释要是信得过的.我两年用的是名人i530号词典(据说现在已绝版了),里面的英文解释和例句与苹果电脑里配置的词典完全相同,所以是绝对信得过的.在查词的时侯,中文意思可不看,但英文意思一定要看(中文有时没法准确概括出词的意思,所以只看中文会产生误导).再看完英语解释仍不理解时可用中文解释加强理解.此外,还要看例句以知道这个词语(词组)应该怎么用.电子词典中还带有一个叫thesaurus的同义词词典,也非常好用.它能通过查近义词的方式,从一个词介绍出很多新词.比如由grumpy,就能查到一些其它的近义词,如sulky, morose, sullen等.再如由determined,就能查到关于它的近义词,如resolute, insistent, staunch, adamant, persistent等.之后,在英英词典中查每个词的具体意思,了解他们的不同之处.由这种方法学习的新词,可以按组来分,称之为lexical sets.每一个set里面都是意思相近的词语.通过一组一组来学习,效果是很快的.在每一组中,具体去查每一个词的意思以了解词跟词的不同,在不同的context中用不同的词,这样就能确保不用错词,文从字顺.比如下面三组lexical sets:a. 表示“觊觎,渴求”一类的词语,由desire延伸到:yearn for, crave for, covet, long for, thirst for等不同词语.b. 表示“怪”一类的词语,由strange延伸到:weird, odd, awkward, peculiar, bizarre, eccentric, queer等一组词语.c. 表示“骄傲”一类的词语,由proud延伸到:arrogant, conceited, supercilious, pompous, haughty, snobbish一类词语.这样的方法就是通过一个词来学习多个词语,以扩大词汇量.由于这些词都是近义词,所以在写文章意思重复出现时可以互相替换(只要context正确),在词汇方面拿分.除了介绍同义词外,thesaurus还能将一个很general的词延伸扩展,介绍出很多新词.比如输入walk时,跳出来的就有各种各样的walk,如:strut, march, stride, stagger, scamper, scramble, tiptoe, swagger, sneak, storm等不同情况下的走.再如输入say时,跳出来各种各样的say,如:cry, roar, scream, moan, stutter, groan, stammer, mutter, snap, bellow, murmur, whisper, console等不同的说.这时就需要在具体的context中用具体的、恰当的词语,就增强了用词的准确性.比如形容结巴时用stammer, stutter.形容呻吟时用moan, groan.形容恶狠狠地说时可以用bellow.形容小声说可以用murmur, whisper, mutter.形容安慰地说则可以用console等.thesaurus还经常介绍有关某一学科的术语,比如当输入astronomy时出现各种天文学术语.(cosmos, nova, meteor, et, nebula, galaxy, asteroid什么的)再如像输入colour, 就跳出来具体的颜色.(crimson, maroon, lavender, khaki, azure, mauve, turquoise等)将这些颜色准确地运用到所描摹的事物中,显示出词汇量的高深.除了thesaurus之外,还有phrasal verb dictionary (短语动词词典), idiom dictionary(成语/习语词典)和 collocation dictionary(搭配辞典)都是学写作文常用必备词典,尤其是搭配词典,就是讲正确的词语搭配,如何正确使用学到的词,都应经常使用.总而言之,词典是每个学英语者必备的宝物也是最好的朋友.无论电子词典还是书本词典都应善加利用,没事就翻着看.语言的匠心独运才能达到表情达意的目的.3.成语(idioms):写作文使用的词不一定是越生僻越好.有些很熟悉的词,使用时往往能使人眼前一亮,最好的例子就是成语的使用.成语中的词都是非常常见的,就像是中国成语一样.新加坡的华文老师都喜欢看见本地学生使用成语,同样的道理,如果能在英语作文中也使用两个成语,就能产生妙不可言的效果.比如用“shaking like a leaf”来描述恐惧,用“like a drowning man clutching like straws”来描述绝望,用“in one’s element”来表现一个人如鱼得水等.成语的积累来自于多读、多查.查一个单词时,跟它有关的成语都可以查出来.但值得注意的是,大多数的成语是informal的.所以使用时不要滥用,一般两三个就够了.除了对话外,只能用formal的和proverb.积累成语对oral特别有好处,因为不管formal 还是informal都可以说.所以建议大家多多积累成语.4.show not tell:我们老师介绍的一种很有力的策略.与其直接说出来,不如通过人物的语言、动作、神态等间接地表现出来.比如,当你要表现一个人拿着很重的东西时,与其说“the man carried a heavy item.”你可以说“the man staggered dangerously lopsidedly towards us.”通过人物走路的姿态,读者可以猜出他拿着一个很沉的物品,这样就比直接写要含蓄的多.再如,与其说“i was very nervous.”倒不如说“my heart palpitated wildly as if it was about toexplode.”通过描写心脏的跳跃来表现紧张.寥寥几笔,意在言外,show not tell 就是如此精彩!5.simile:总而言之就是比喻,拟人一类手法.这类手法有时打破了词语本身的意思,所以要慎用.一篇好文章里应该出现几处比喻拟人什么的.曾有一位narrative大师同学写过“her face was colonized by the moles.”大为老师激赏,把moles 拟人化了,笔墨精练,洋溢着诗的意境.再比如有一次我写一篇关于人生第一次演讲的作文,文中写道类似“i made my way to the microphone stand——my guillotine, and bowed before the judges.”将麦克风比作断头台来暗示心中的恐惧,同样为老师所称赞.再常见些的比拟有什么“the glory of the championship was beckoning to us.”“the dining table was waiting there for the hungry guests.”等等.6.descriptive details:这是拿分的秘宝.想要挣分的话就找进任何机会加入descriptive details(as long as they are relevant).这种details可以是环境描写(渲染气氛),可以是人物内心描写,也可以是动作、神态等描写.descriptive details最能显示出考生的语言功底,也能最方便地表情达意.比如在描绘一个盛气凌人的形象时可以加入如下文字,“there was something about her big bulging eyes i found dreadfully disturbing——a glint of malevolence and a heightened sense of superiority.”通过对人物眼神的细节描写,表现出她的恶意和蛮横,细致入微.再如,描写离别什么的时候,可以先用一段细致地描写环境,烘托离别感伤的气氛等.想拿高分就要综合使用上面介绍的几种strategies,此外还有一些别的有效的策略,地方有限就不一一介绍了.7.关于练习:写好作文还是需要多练,多apply各种strategies.这也是一个多学习使用新词,准备故事的过程.在不确定一种表达是否正确时,可以先在练习文章中试着使用,如果被圈出来了就不要再用了.写好一篇作文后可给老师看,也可给信得过的学长看(建议多给改得快的老师看).老师改作文速度不等,有的上午给,下午还;有的学期开始给,学期结束还;有的送上去就再也还不下来了(因为被他弄丢了).如果遇到那种改作文特慢的老师,建议把一篇作文复印后给多个老师送去.老师们改的perspective都不同,一篇作文多听听不同老师的意见也是有好处的.这也同时可以避免弄丢或者不还的问题.六.常见表达在读书时,凡是看到的好词,成语,比喻等各种好的表达都要随时记在脑中,并试着在自己的文章中运用,做到学以致用.刚开始写narrative的同学们对描绘常见的feelings和scenario都要寻找alternatives.不要翻来覆去一直用afraid, nervous, excited什么的.要多加入一些积累的好表达.下列是这两年来本人积累的各种描绘常见feelings和场景的表达(能想起来的).大家使用之前一定要先查一下意思,把词用到合适的context中去.1. describe happiness: elated, ecstatic, contented, delighted, jubilant, euphoric/ in euphoria, ebullient, delirious, enraptured, pleased, exhilarated, exuberant,a whoop of joy escaped from his lips2. describe excitement: thrilled, fervent, frenzied, delirious, euphoric/ in euphoria, ebullient, exuberant, animated3. describe eagerness: keen, enthusiastic, avid, ardent, fervent, passionate, zealous, earnest, devoted, zest, energized4. describe fear: shaking like a leaf, scared stiff, send shivers up and down one’s spine, scared out of one’s wits, afraid, frightened, petrified, horrified, terrified, paralyzed, his face, ashen-white, was frozen into a visage of terror5. describe nervousness: anxious, worried, consternation, apprehensive, agitated, overwrought, jittery (informal), trepidation,dismayed, disturbed, disconcerted, perturbed, all my nerves were jangling like overstretched violin strings, my heart palpitated wildly as if it was about to explode, with a thumping heart, my heart pounded furiously 6. describe anger: furious, enraged, infuriated, incensed, fuming, seething in anger, wrath, annoyed, irked, vexed, exasperated, irritated, piqued, resentful, outraged, rage, tantrum, grumpy, she unleashed yet another volley of angry questions like an erupting volcano7. describe sadness: upset, dejected, downcast, gloomy, despondent, crestfallen, disheartened, melancholy, despair, depressed, desperate, dispirited, demoralized, disappointed, disillusioned, my heart sank, her words were like thousands of knives plunging into my heart,inside, i was thrown into the deepest abyss of sorrow8. describe attractiveness: indulged, engaged, fascinated, mesmerized, intrigued, interested, transfixed, riveted one’s eyes upon something, hypnotized, spellbound, beguiled, charmed, enchanted, captivated, enthralled, engrossed, bewitched9. describe surprise (“n” means negative and “p” means positive. otherwise, it means neutral): astonished, shocked (n), amazed (p), jaws dropped (n), stunned (n), dumbfounded, taken aback, flabbergasted (informal), dumbstruck (n), startled (n), rendered speechless, the realization of the true fact struck him like a thunderbolt (n), dazzled (p), staggered10. describe embarrassment: abashed, sheepish, ashamed, blushing, humiliated, disfort, a sense of uneasiness ran down my spine, i shuffled unfortably, inside, i hoped the ground would immediately swallow me up to bail me out of such an embarrassing situation11. describe tiredness: exhausted, haggard, listless, weary, fatigued, drained of every ounce of energy, devitalized, lethargic, my legs were encased in iron, limp, lifeless, jaded。

托福作文:what lead to success 和 zoo 的作用

托福作文:what lead to success  和 zoo 的作用

What lead to success?When a person is said to be successful, it means that he or she has done something well, achieved something significant, or reached some level of power or responsibility. All of the verbs used in these acknowledgements suggest work, probably hard work.In order to do something well, one must pay close attention to details and make as few mistakes as possible. One cannot do well by just waiting for lady luck to come along and help. In order to make a good dinner for instance, one must prepare the food carefully, and cook it to perfection. It is not enough to place a pot in the door hoping that a chicken jump in and cook itself. That would be very lucky.Achieving something significant usually requires a degree of persistence in the face of barriers and potential failures. Something significant usually takes time. We frequently hear the term “overnight success”, but the term often refers to those who have toiled in obscurity for a considerable time while honing their skills to the point of achieving some greatness in what they do. It is true that people win lotteries and become wealthy over night, but what have they to show after one, five or ten years? Statistics suggest that they are often worse off before their windfall. Luck did not help them because luck is no a great teacher. Failure and hard work are better teachers of success.In order to achieve a position of power and responsibility, one usually has to show that one can handle duties and responsibilities over time. In other words, one must demonstrate consistency. Being consistent means dong things in the same way time and time again. It means being dependable and always delivering high quality work. One might point to the past to show how the luck of birth led to one becoming a queen or king; however, the luck of birth never made a good queen or king. That was usually the result of hard work.Although I have argued above that success is essentially the result of hard work, I think it is important to point out that sometimes luck does play a role. Sometimes we are lucky to hear about an opportunity, or sometimes we are in the right position at the right time. Sometimes it appears that luck has been a guide or an opportunity provider, but the opportunity is only the first step. To be successful, one must do something with the opportunity, and that usually be hard work.ZooZoos, they are smelly, they are expensive to maintain, they are just a form of entertainment aren’t they? The average people only visit the zoo once a year----if that much. One might even bu so inclined to make the argument that “zoo, serve no practical purpose”, so who needs them? However, a closer look at the role zoos play would reveal why such an argument is not only premature, but ultimately quite wrong-headed.First of all, for most of us, an understanding and appreciation of the natural world around us began with the first trip to the zoo. Who does not remember going to the zoo as a child? Who does not remember having his favorite animals and begging his parents, ”can we please pleaseplease see them today”? Whether you idolized the tigers, the monkeys or the snakes and lizards, a trip to the zoo was the quintessential childhood experience.But other than providing us with pleasant memories of childhood past, we cannot ignore the environmental contributions zoos have made. Not only have they instilled in us a sense of the importance of protecting wildlife, zoos have saved many species from disappearing form the planet completely. Many animals have become endangered due to illegal hunting or habitatdestruction. But zoos and conservation centers have played a key role in breeding and reintroducing these animals into the wild for future generations to enjoy. The California condor, wild horses of Mongolia and panda of China, have all benefited from the captive breeding and reintroduction programs.So, while one might initially be inclined at first to dismiss going to the zoo just as a form of leisure on par with an afternoon at the park or a night at the KTV, I hope this essay can convince the reader that zoos are much more than that. They protect our national living treasures for extinction and from as early as childhood they can enrich our understanding of the natural world. Given these facts, it seems that it is not enough to say that zoos do serve a practical purpose, they are in fact, indispensable.Work in a large company。

托福长难句120句解析

托福长难句120句解析

托福长难句120句解析一、句子解析1. The professor's lecture was so convoluted that it was difficult for the students to follow.解析:这个句子中,convoluted意为“复杂的”,表示教授的讲座内容非常复杂,以至于学生很难理解和跟随。

2. Despite her extensive preparation, she struggled with the difficult questions on the exam.解析:这个句子中,despite意为“尽管”,表示尽管她做了大量的准备工作,但仍然在考试中遇到了困难的问题。

3. The author uses a series of rhetorical questions to engage the reader and provoke thought.解析:这个句子中,rhetorical questions意为“修辞性问题”,表示作者使用了一系列的修辞性问题来吸引读者并引发思考。

4. The government's decision to increase taxes was met with widespread opposition from the public.解析:这个句子中,met with意为“遭遇”,表示政府增税的决定受到了公众的广泛反对。

5. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we live and work.解析:这个句子中,has the potential to意为“有潜力”,表示新技术有潜力彻底改变我们的生活和工作方式。

6. The company's profits have plummeted as a result of the economic downturn.解析:这个句子中,plummeted意为“暴跌”,表示由于经济衰退,公司的利润暴跌。

托福作文经验--what to follow

托福作文经验--what to follow

托福作文经验--what to follow写作是测试语言能力的重要方式,TOEFL考试自1987年起增加了写作测试,原因是美国的大专院校普遍反应单纯的客观题测试不能全面综合地反映考生的英语语言能力。

目前大多数美国院校要求申请入学的学生提供TWE(Test of Written English)即写作考试的成绩,一般要求是在5分以上,而一些名校的要求会高达满分6分,由此可见,托福作文的成绩会在极大程度上影响申请者最后进入的学校和取得奖学金的数额。

据有关资料统计,我国考生的托福写作成绩平均在3.5分左右,作文已成为广大考生在留学路途中一个难以突破的瓶颈。

有没有可能在短期内提高写作成绩呢?答案是肯定的。

本文不仅要帮助考生在短期内突破写作瓶颈,而且要提高考生的写作技巧和写作质量,从而为有志赴海外留学的莘莘学子助一臂之力。

TOEFL高分作文的奥秘何在?笔者认为,考生务必从以下四点入手,即:内容简单化、结构模式化、语言要包装、考前要强化。

一、内容简单化内容简单化是考生在构思托福作文时应遵循的原则。

考生不论是在练习时还是在考场上都应当牢记这一点。

许多考生在作文上败下阵来就是因为花费了大量的时间和精力追求内容的新颖别致。

ETS出托福作文试题时特别注意选择一些弹性不是很大的题目,因为托福考试作为一种语言测试方式,其重点在于测试考生英语语言水平,它不像GMAT和GRE这类智商型考试那样测试考生逻辑思辩的能力;如果设置弹性较大的题目,评卷人在评分时就不容易把握。

事实上,托福作文考试的内容并不会给评卷人留下太深的影响,参阅任何一本托福指南书的考生都可以发现书中范文的内容不会有太多新意,评卷人评判的是考生的文能力,考生在构思时只要保证自己的内容符合逻辑,能够言之有理、言之成理、切题即可,然后把更多的注意力放在如何追求语言的得体性上;有的考生在考场上绞尽脑汁,想要找出些绝妙的内容来吸引评卷人的特别关注,结果往往是花费了十分的心思只得到一分的回报,有时反而会弄巧成拙,使评卷人的注意力转移方向,影响得分。

TOEFLiBT高分作文思路+范文完美重排版

TOEFLiBT高分作文思路+范文完美重排版

TOEFL.iBT 高分作文思路+范文完美重排版 (3)本部分填补了目前网络iBT 备考资料的空白。

根据李笑来老师提供的作文思路与《iBT 高分作文》原书范文重排。

本部分对iBT 考试的独立写作部分与口语部分均具有重要的参考作用。

范文中加粗部分均依为原书所有。

附录一185 题库按关键词分类 (184)照录原书附录附录二李笑来作文笔记(独立部分) (185)根据本人新东方听课详尽笔记整理而成附录三句法多样性专题 (193)附录四例证表达法 (199)时间匆忙,欢迎指出错误,将在后面的版本中修正。

感谢笑来老师给我们提供了如此之好的备考材料,一切版权归笑来老师所有。

仅供广大iBT 考生备考参考,建议购买原版以更好使用。

Lost Lawyer2006 年11 月10 日Page 2 of 201TOEFL.iBT 高分作文思路+范文完美重排版1. Why people attend college?People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.『分析』说明人们选择上大学的具体原因(一个或者多个):增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野为了实现理想(ideal; idealistic)(如,周恩来就是为中华之崛起而读书)为了保证将来的就业机会父母要求子女上大学别人都上大学了,所以自己也选择读书找不到工作("无知",总是一部分人做出某个选择的理由。

上大学如是[1],去博物馆如是[12],从事危险运动亦如是[43]。

牛人经验托福iBT写作完全攻略

牛人经验托福iBT写作完全攻略

考托者应记住的几条公理1,托福作文就是新八股文2,托福作文只要练好了人人可以拿27+3,托福作文得高分不意味着你英语水平有多高4,提高英语水平靠多听多读多背多说多写多练多译首先让我们全面剖析新托福作文:(以下要求均为我自己的理解,非官方版本,官方要求请参照OG)integrated writing/综合写作:要求考生在3分钟内读一篇文章,然后听一个lecture,在20分钟内根据文章和lecture内容写一篇250字左右文章比较两者的观点。

(注:文章内容和lecture内容注定是对立的,如果你考的不是对立的,那只有一种可能,你的RP次到了人神共愤的地步了。

)综合写作的八股在于:第一段指出reading passage和lecture内容是对立的;第二、三、四段从三个方面/点来说明他们的内容是怎样对立的;第五段总结一下他们之间确实是对立关系。

independent writing/独立写作:给定一个题目,要求考生在30分钟内写出400字左右的文章,要求逻辑清晰,论述有力,无明显的语法和词法错误。

独立写作八股在于:第一段陈述你的观点,支持哪一方;第二、三、四段从三个方面论述你的观点;最后一段总结一下,综上所述,某某观点是正确的。

综合写作:模板,套模板,一定要套模板!理由:1,模板让你的思路更加清晰,这是ETS要求的。

2,20分钟!开玩笑,怎么凑到300字?当然要用模板!3,阅读听力我都不怕,就怕作文,写三句话错两句,我怎么得26+?当然还是用模板,既然是模板就意味着是你精挑细选的句子,保证了写作的质量!提醒:1,模板要富于变化,一篇只能用5句那你就要准备10句!2,模板不能一味照搬别人的,避免重复!3,保证模板里的句子没有语法和用词错误!一般来说,大家把一下几个句子稍微变形,即完成了综合写作第一步1. The lecture discusses…which differs from the main idea in the reading that… (用于第一段)2. The professo r made the point that …The reading , in contrast, held a different view .(用于第一或第二三四段)3. Another important point showed in the listening material is that …but the reading presents a conflicting idea that…(用于第三四段)4. Finally, the professor stated that ...which challenges the standpoint made by the writer who said that...(用于第四段)5. In general, the professor discussed the problem of …that the reading viewed in a contrary\opposing\different angle.(最后总结段)6. According to the lecture… on the other hand \while the reading stated that …7. The professor made the point that… on the contrary\ in contrast\ however, the writer demonstrated an ideathat…8. The lecture supports\illustrates the idea that…9. The lecture contradicts\refutes\ is contrary to\ is the opposite of the idea that…10. Contrary to the belief in the passage that …the professor says that…11. The professor refutes the viewpoint showed in the passage that… by saying that…(6-11均用于第二三四段)大家可以把连接词变化一下,把动词变化一下或句式稍变,11句话灵活运用。

TOEFL托福写作范文附思路解析最新汇总

TOEFL托福写作范文附思路解析最新汇总

TOEFL托福写作范文附思路解析最新汇总为了让大家更好的预备托福考试,我给大家整理一些托福写作范文附思路解析,下面我就和大家共享,来观赏一下吧。

托福写作范文附思路解析182. Should pets be treated as family members?Many people have a close relationship with their pets. These people treat their birds, cats, or other animals as members of their family. In your opinion, are such relationships good? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.『分析』与宠物特别亲热,有好处,也有不好的地方。

好处:不孤独;每个人都有爱心;闲暇时间有心理寄予(spiritual/psychological sustenance);缺点:人会变得孤僻;脏;宠物可能传染病毒『范文』Throughout history, animals have always been great companions to man. In todays society, we frequently treat our pets as members of family, nursing them when they are sick, and playing with them when they are well. I believe that the relationships that people have with their pets are healthy for many reasons.Firstly, animals provide companionship for people who are too oldto maintain regular friendships. It is most common for one spouse to outlive the other. Frequently, the surviving spouse does not remarry, and eventually, all his or her friends die. When one is elderly, it is difficult to make new friends. In this type of situation, having a pet as a companion is greatly preferable to spending all of ones time alone. While a pet cannot speak, it can understand its masters emotions, and usually responds accordingly.Secondly, animals have been proven to reduce their masters stress. This is probably because an animal is always happy to see its master, and gives the master unconditional love. As long as the master is kind to his/her pet, the pet will be devoted and faithful. A pet also provides a friendly face after a stressful day. For example, I have a pet dog. After taking an exam, the only thing I want to do is go home and play with my dog. He always brings me much needed cheer and happiness.Lastly, having an animal can prepare a young couple for having children. A young animal is very difficult to take care of. Let us take the example of a puppy. One can never leave a puppy by itself. A puppy must be constantly taken care of; he must be toilet-trained and disciplined. Raising an animal to be happy and sociable is very much like raising a child to possess the same attributes. While a puppy is obviously easier to take care of than a child, it can show the prospective parents where some of the difficulties will lie when raising a baby.In conclusion, I think having a very close relationship with a pet is healthy. Having a pet can reduce loneliness, stress, and prepare one for the huge experience of having a child. Pets are often referred to as mans best friend, and for good reason.托福写作范文附思路解析183. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies?Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies? Use specific examples and details to support your response.『分析』通过电影可以了解一个国家的经济、科技风俗、习惯历史、文化价值观念……相关题目:[82]、[180]『范文』One of the favorite pastimes of people today is watching movies. Movies can teach us a great amount about the world, especially if we watch movies from another culture. When watching a foreign movie, we can learn about the landscape and scenery of the country, the countrysethics and customs, and its historical events.The world is a great and varied place, from the immense mountains of the Himalayas to the deserts of America. By watching movies, one can gain insight as to what these beautiful places are like. For example, I recently watched a number of movies filmed in America. I learned about the beautiful beaches of California, national parks such as Yellowstone and Niagara Falls, as well as man-made wonders such as the Statue of Liberty, Mount Rushmore, and the Golden Gate Bridge. Watching foreign movies is an excellent way to deduce where one wants to travel, if he/she has such an opportunity.Watching movies also teaches us about a countrys ethics and customs. For example, while watching American movies, I learned that children do not show as much respect to their parents as we do here in China. In some cases, children were very disrespectful of their elders, and ignored their wishes outright. I was shocked by this behavior. To give another example, I also learned about table manners in America, which are quite different from the rules we follow in China.Furthermore, one can learn about a countrys history by watching films. For instance, there are many movies that have been made about the wars in America, such as Gone With the Wind. Movies such as this show foreign viewers why America is the free and independent society that it is today. Hence, watching foreign movies is an excellent way tolearn about faraway lands. One can learn about the landscape of a place, about its culture, as well as its history. Perhaps schools should consider watching foreign movies in classes to provoke interest from the students about such lands.托福写作范文附思路解析184. Study alone or with a group of students?Some students prefer to study alone. Others prefer to study with a group of students. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.『分析』可以实行it depends的策略,要看学什么科目。

托福写作解析:eathealthy

托福写作解析:eathealthy

托福写作解析:eathealthy为了帮助大家高效备考托福,在写作方面取得高分,下面小编给大家带来托福写作解析:eat healthy,望喜欢!托福写作解析:eat healthyThe food we eat today is much healthier than in the past. A/D?该题为2011年01月08日大陆题开头段(略)First and foremost, granted, some critics may argue that, with the higher level of industrialization in recent years, the degree of contamination is improved to a higher level, leading to the environment worse than before, which is disadvantageous toward growing crops. Nonetheless, a closer analysis will reveal that a crucial fact is overlooked in this case. That is, good environment is no guarantee of food quality. The equipment for food preservation was simple and crude several decades ago. Besides, the hygienic conditions for food protection was worse in the past, which means that food at that time is not very healthy. For instance, several decades ago, most people were not able to afford fridge to preserve food. Instead, during that time period, salt was well-recognized as the only effective raw material to prevent food from decaying. Unfortunately, having cure food has already been proved to exert an adverse effect on individuals’ health. In contrast, with the rapid development of science and technology, more advanced equipment and highly developed transportation system promise the freshness of food.Furthermore, nowadays, common people pay more attention to the nutrient value of food than before. With the advent of more nutritionists proposing a well-balanced diet, people are capable of being more healthy and fortifying their bodies againstdiseases. Specifically, many experts who are specialized in food industry today are more likely to recommend individuals to eat organic food, which has been verified to be more nutritious than traditional food.Finally, contemporarily, governments put an increasing amount of budget for universities and institutes to do many forefront researches on food science. Accordingly, many novel types of food are created in the hope of coping with particular health problems. Here’s an example, diabetic food, which contains little or no sugar, is especially designed for diabetics to maintain their health. Without the rapid development of science and technology in recent years, such new kinds of health-conscious food can hardly be invented in the contemporary era.By way of conclusion, weighing the pros and cons thoroughly discussed in the previous paragraphs, the ultimate summary is obvious-food provided in recent years is healthier than that of several decades ago.托福写作解析:Eat out or eat at home托福写作题目:Topic:Eat out or eat at home?Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants. Other people prefer to prepare and eat food at home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.参考分析:不要急于做出选择,先进行比较,然后根据情况选择:去餐馆或者吃快餐的优缺点:方便、快捷、多种口味;昂贵、卫生可能得不到保障、快餐使人发胖;在家吃饭的优缺点:干净、可以做出自己喜欢的口味、节省、与家人和朋友共同准备实物很开心;花费时间、可能做的没有餐馆那么好吃;在不同的情况下会有不同的选择。

托福作文T109:入乡随俗带来的利弊

托福作文T109:入乡随俗带来的利弊

Topic109:到一个陌生地方,你愿意入乡随俗还是保持自己的风俗习惯呢?Topic109 When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.[参考提纲]109采取别人的传统,比较好一些(1)采取别人的传统,有利于找到工作(2)采取别人的传统,可以避免很多麻烦(3)采取别人的传统,有利于交到很多朋友[托福参看范文]Topic: 109Nowadays it is quite common for people to immigrate to ther countries. When they move, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country while others prefer to keep their own. If I were forced to agree with one of the two positions, my choice would be the former.To illustrate my point, let us first take a look on why some people dislike the idea of following the customs of the new country. For one thing, these people are so accustomed to their own culture, religion and customs, and it is very hard for them to accept the new cultures. For instance, people from a Islamic country may find a lot of customs in western countries offensive.Although I agree that some customs are hard to change, I insist that the advantages of adapting to a new culture are apparently seen. In the first place, by following the customs of the new country, you can learn about the country and understand the people more easily and become a real member of the country. People who stick to their way of life maysometimes feel lonely and isolated. To share the same custom means that having more things in common, and it can pull people together. Furthermore, you have to adapt to some customs of the new country, if they are written into the law. As a result, it is much more sensible to do as the Roman do.In conclusion,I believe that the advantages of following the customs of the new country is obvious because you can easily learn about the country and be a real member of it. What is more, you can live more easily in a foreign country.Topic: 109Some people adapt quickly to the customs of a new country while others keep their own customs. How do they decide? It's a difficult choice, and the decision is not always conscious. Many practical and social factors influence people.Very often it depends on age. Older people have spent a lifetime doing things a certain way. Their social customs are part of who they are as people. It's very hard for them to start doing things differently. The younger generation finds it easier to leave behind the culture of their native country and adapt to the customs of their new country. They're not as set in their ways as adults are. Children also feel the pressure to fit in from the other kids in school.A major part of adapting to the customs of a new country is learning that country's language. Children learn the language in school, and use it all day while going to class and playing with other children. But many times adults coming to a new country don't have time for formal language classes. Their first priority is getting a job. Sometimes they work with people from their own country, and they don't-have to use the new language. Or they may find a job that doesn't require much speaking at all. Thismeans even if they're trying to learn the language, they don't have a lot of opportunities to practice it.Another way of adapting to the customs of a new country has to do with how family members interact. Different countries have different ideas about how family members should relate to each other. Sometimes the adults will oppose changing what was normal in their native country. This can be a difficult adjustment to make, especially if their children are visiting new friends at home and seeing how different things are in the new country.I believe that people who want to make their home in a new country need to find a balance. They should keep the best of their native culture and adopt the good things they find in their new country.。

英语应用文及范文_托福真题英语作文4篇

英语应用文及范文_托福真题英语作文4篇

英语应用文及范文_托福真题英语作文4篇关于”应用文及“的英语作文范文4篇,作文题目:Application and。

以下是关于应用文及的托福英语范文,每篇作文均为真题范文带翻译。

关于”应用文及“的英语作文范文4篇,作文题目:Application and。

以下是关于应用文及的托福英语范文,每篇作文均为真题范文带翻译。

万能作文模板2:应用程序和How to Write a Job Application LetterA job application letter, also known as a cover letter, is a formal document that accompanies a resume when applying for a job. It serves as an introduction to the potential employer and highlights relevant experiences and qualifications. Here are some tips on how to write a compelling job application letter:1. Address the letter correctly: Start your letter with a professional greeting, such as "Dear Hiring Manager" or "To Whom It May Concern." Avoid using generic greetings like "Dear Sir/Madam" as it may appear impersonal.2. Introduce yourself: Begin the letter by introducing yourself and stating the position you are applying for. Mention how youfound out about the job opening and express your enthusiasm for the opportunity.3. Highlight relevant experiences: Clearly state your previous work experiences and how they relate to the job you are applying for. Focus on the skills and qualifications you possess that make you a suitable candidate for the position.4. Showcase your achievements: Mention any notable achievements or accomplishments that demonstrate your abilities and work ethic. This could include specific projects you have successfully completed or any awards you have received.5. Demonstrate your knowledge of the company: Research the company beforehand and mention a few key points that show you are familiar with their mission, values, and recent achievements. This demonstrates your genuine interest in working for the organization.6. Request an interview: Conclude your letter by expressing your eagerness to discuss your qualifications further during an interview. Provide your contact information and thank the employer for their time and consideration.7. Proofread and edit: Before sending your application letter, make sure to thoroughly proofread it for any spelling or grammatical errors. Read it aloud to ensure the content flowssmoothly and makes sense.Remember, a job application letter should be concise, well-structured, and tailored to the specific job you are applying for. It is your chance to make a positive impression on the employer and increase your chances of securing an interview.如何写一封求职信求职信,也被称为求职信,是在申请工作时附带简历的一份正式文件。

托福口语模板:学校的成功要考有经验的老师

托福口语模板:学校的成功要考有经验的老师

Task2. Do you agree or disagree that the success of a school depends on experienced teachers? Task2 - Do you agree or disagree that experienced teachers is a deciding factor to the success of a school? 托福⼝语范⽂⼀: Sample answer: Alright, let’s back to life, back to reality, experienced teachers can not be the deciding factor to judge whether a school is good or not cuz experienced teachers have been teaching for so many years and they're probably tired of teaching the same old stuff over and over again and for the record, they are not as passionate as new teachers when it comes to teaching. In that case, a school should also hire some new faculty members in order to import some new blood so that students can benefit more from this change and the school, of course, is going to be a very successful school. What’s more, advanced facilities like a spacious indoor gym with all sorts of equipments, fancy and cozy dorms with wifi, and a wider selection of school activities are also really crucial when it comes to the evaluation of a successful school. 托福⼝语范⽂⼆: Sample: I agree with the statement that experienced teachers are important. First, students choose a school mostly because they value the education they are about to get in the next 3-4 years. And on a great level, the education process depend on teachers. Experienced teachers are qualified, not because of the degrees and titles they have, but the years of dealing with students and programs. They know about and understand the knowledge of their own fields, so they get what students need for academic and career reasons. So in this way, experienced teachers are more capable of teaching successful students-hence help building a successful school. Second and naturally, experienced teachers are mostly representatives of the school. They can draw the attention of potential talented students and make for a better chance for the school to succeed.。

【写作提分】托福写作高分经验 找到写作的平衡观点

【写作提分】托福写作高分经验 找到写作的平衡观点

【写作提分】托福写作高分经验找到写作的平衡观点中国考生最习惯中庸,即便是讨论一个挂点也会两方面都涉及到,其实这是一种折中的方案,是一种平衡的观点。

那关于托福写作的审题方法呢?点课台教育为大家整理的是关于托福写作话题的审题方法介绍。

一、关于托福写作的平衡点很多托福作文的提问方式都是Do you agree or disagree或是To what extent do you agree or disagree。

很多刚接触托福考试的学生都认为这种回答无非就是yes或no,所以文章的观点也就只能是同意或者不同意了。

其实对于这类提问,也可以采取“折衷”的观点,即“partly agree,partly disagree”。

比如有题目问“现在很多人用动物做试验,你同意吗?”,考生可以在文中分别讨论支持和反对动物试验的理由,最后提出动物试验既有好处也有坏处,这就是一种“折中”观点。

除此之外,作者还提出了是否能用动物来做试验主要是取决于试验是否能给人类生活带来显著的改善(比如帮助人类发明治疗Aids的药物),这就属于“折中”方案,也就是对观点的一种平衡介绍。

二、如何进行平衡的写作1.兴利除弊这是一种比较简单又折衷的方法,在优缺点类的文章中很常见。

在结尾段可以带一句“优缺点都有,我们要兴利除弊”就可以了,如考题:The advantages brought by the spread of English as a “global language” will outweigh the disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?结尾可以带一句:To sum up, it is difficult to tell whether or not the advantages outweigh the disadvantages regarding the spread of English as a global language. What we may have to consider is how to accept this trend as positive while at the same time staying away from its drawbacks.2.平衡发展也有考题是要考生讨论两种观点,比如discuss both views and give your own opinion。

TOEFL考试作文思路指导

TOEFL考试作文思路指导

TOEFL考试作文思路指导TOEFL考试作文思路指导1、同意上大学好.(1)为未来工作进行准备(2)交更多的朋友,学习他们的思维方式(3)系统的学习知识2、同意父母是最好的老师(1)父母从小就和我们在一起,给我们很多的知识(2)父母和我们最为亲密,在任何时候,都会毫无保留地给我们知识(3)父母最了解我们,所以他们给我们的建议和意见都是最有针对性的3、同意准备食品(1)食品容易准备,节省了大量的时间,使人们可以做其他事情(2)食品容易准备,为人们提供了更多的花样。

(4)食品容易准备,为人们的健康带来了很多好处4、首先进行比较,然后说书是最重要的来源(1)读书能够节省很多时间(2)书是有系统性的,能够让人以很科学的方式迅速获得知识(3)读书相对比较便宜和容易,而在寻找经验则比较昂贵和困难5、先说明优势和劣势,然后说同意建一个工厂(1)工厂能够吸收附近很多人进行就业,对地方的经济有很大的贡献(2)建立工厂能够促使附近其他的商业发展,例如小商店,药店等等,这可以大大方便附近的'居民(3)建造工厂,赢利后,就可以向当地政府贡献税收,政府可以利用这些钱改善社区的服务6、一个重要的改变就是改变环境,让它变的更好(1)环境好能改善人的身体健康,很多人因为环境而生病(2)环境好了,吸引更多的游客来旅游(3)环境好能够促进经济发展,吸引更多的商人来投资7、电影和电视影响人的行为(1)电影和电视能够让人们迅速了解整个国家和世界,丰富人的知识,让人们更加乐观(2)电影和电视让人变的懒惰,不愿意和人接触(3)电影和电视让人变的violent8、电影和电视没有破坏朋友和家人的交流(1)电影和电视的很多内容正是朋友和家人聊天的重要内容。

没有电影和电视,似乎聊天就缺了很多内容。

(2)我们在很多时候是和朋友和家人一起欣赏电影和电视的,这促进了交流(3)电影和电视现在的设计很多是让家人朋友一起参与,这实际上也促进了交流9、选择在大城市生活(1)大城市工作机会更多一些(2)大城市生活相对方便,有很好的商店,交通等等(3)大城市的娱乐也更多,如电影院,博物馆等等。

托福范文(共10篇)

托福范文(共10篇)

托福范文(共10篇)托福范文(一): 新托福李笑来《TOEFL.iBT高分作文》里的范文是满分作文吗每一题里举得例子是满分作文吗不是的,它只是作为一个范文,样本,你在写作的时候可以适当的模仿它的词汇语句,它只是达到了参考的作用,不是真正的满分作文,事实上你在真正考试的时候很难遇到题目和185里完全一样的,所以学习高分作文是帮你拓宽思路和提高遣词造句的水平,而并不是照搬.托福范文(二): 求托福作文183篇的范文和各个类型的题目对应的范文! 不能发的话给个地址也行啊已发,注意查收.托福范文(三): 托福作文的格式是怎样的能不能给篇范文.到底是写一方面把另一方面完全否决,还是两方面都要提谢谢!题目Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the futureUse specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.范文The Advantages of Saving MoneyEveryone must work to live,but many people are fortunate enough to make more money than they immediately need.What should they do with this extra incomeWhile it is tempting for people to spend it all on things they desire,I believe it is better to save at least a portion of the extra income for the future.By saving money,people give themselves more security.They cannot predict the future; perhaps one day they will be jobless.At a time like this their savings can spare them a great deal of suffering and help to see them through the hard time.In addition,saving money allows people to build up a larger sum.They can then buy something more worthwhile than the small things they can but if they spend the money right away.For example,they may be able to buy a house with their savings.Finally,the practice of saving helps people develop the habit of setting goals and planning for their future.In this way they are bound to lead more meaningful and successful lives.Most people would like to enjoy their money immediately.Nobody likes to wait for the things that he wants.However,if we learn to save our money,we can gain more advantages in the future.We will lead more secure and,thus,happier lives.We will also be able to buy the things we truly want but cannot afford right now.小马过河国际教育帮你回答!还准备了更多满分托福作文范例.托福范文(四): 求一个托福作文例子就是范文86,89,90,91结合起来写回到过去问一个演员或者运动员一个问题见谁呢问什么呢具体写什么观点【托福范文】1.ABRAHAM LINCOLN你先用wikipedia 搜一下他的事迹.可以写一些比较著名的.比如abolitionist.在civil war中林肯展现的品质.In this temple as in people"s heart abraham lincoln who saved the union will be enshined forever这是写林肯纪念堂上的一句话.可以作为结尾.你可以搜一下准确版本.我也记不太清.2.Helen kellerher persistence and fortitude你可以写你深深的感动于当她遇到困难时坚定的信念等等.要写一些美国历史上的名人.而且是需要自己比较熟悉.能够举出丰富的例子的.想到人.但是不知道例子.可是用wiki或者百度百科搜一下.看一遍介绍以后.自己总结一下.写出来.还有.这种题目出道的几率基本为0.一般不需要准备这样的题目.托福范文(五): 托福写作一定要写个例子吗【托福范文】不一定!论据一般有三段.例子只是一种论证方法,你可以整段采用推论式,也可以反面论证.总之各种方法都行,只要说出来令人信服托福范文(六): 各位大大,关于托福OG上独立写作范文的问题,我怎么感觉那篇5分范文很垃圾,结构感觉不清晰很多语言感觉很啰嗦的,用词错误的地方就不说了.不知道是不是我的水平不够,还是我习惯了用XDF那套写作套路,还请各位指点,让我认识自己的缺点呀 DISHONESTY KILLS RELIABILITYThere are certain considerations or factors that everyone takes into account in a relationship. People may look for honesty, altruism, understanding, loyalty, being thoughtful etc! Everyonewould more or less wish that the person s/he isdealing with, has some of these virtues above.Putting them in an order according to their importance, however can be very subjective and relative.When someone asks him/herself the question “What do Iconsider to be the most important thing in my relationship”the answerdepends on a lot of factors such as how his/her earlier relationships were.After stating that everyone’s opinioncan be different about this, for me honesty, in other words, always telling thetruth is the most important consideration in a relationship. Opposite of thisis inarguably lying and if someone needs to lie, either s/he is hidingsomething or is afraid of telling me something.In any relationship of mine, I would wish that first of all, the person I’m dealing with is honest. Even though s/he thinks thats/he didsomething wrong that I wouldn’t like, s/he’d better tell me the truth and notlie about it. Later on if I find out about a lie or hear the truth from someoneelse, that’d be much more unpleasant. In that case how can I ever believe ortrust that person again How can I ever believe that this person has enoughconfidence in me to forgive him/her and carry on with the relationship fromthere. So if I cannot trust a person any more, if the person doesn’t think Ican handle the truth, there’s no point to continuing that relationship.Although I would like to see altruistic, understanding, thoughtful and loyal behavior from people, an instance of the opposite of these behaviorswould not upset me as much as dishonesty would. Among all the possiblebehaviors, dishonesty is the only one for me that terminates how I feel about aperson’s reliability. Therefore honesty would be my first concern and themost important consideration in a relationship.在国外时间长了你就会发现,中国人和他们的思维方式的确存在差异.写作时习惯的表述方法,描述事物的角度方式都有所不同.尤其高中之后出国的人可能一辈子都改不过来.随便看个英语原版的教材就能发现,一个事反反复复的说来说去,就是你所说的“啰嗦”.就托福来讲写好新东方的或者任何一种八股文的写法都足以拿高分了.目标应该是总分100+ 口语23+ 其他单项别太低就成托福范文(七): 托福TPO 1的小写作,有范文,想问一下大概自己的分数:The lecture and the listening have different ideOffering employees the option of a four-day workweek won’t affect the company profits,economic conditions or the lives of employees in the ways the reading suggests.First,offering a four-day workweek will probably force companies to spend more,possibly a lot more.Adding new workers means putting much more money into providing training and medical benefits.Remember the costs of things like health benefits can be the same whether an employee works four days or five.And having more employees also requires more office space and more computers.These additional costs would quickly cut into company profits.Second,with respect to overall employment,it doesn’t follow that once some employees choose a four-day workweek,many more jobs will become available.Hiring new workers is costly,as I argued a moment ago.And companies have other options.They might just choose to ask their employees to work overtime to make up thedifference.Worse,companies might raise expectations.They might start to expect that their four-day employees can do the same amount of work they used to do in five days.If this happens,then no additional jobs will be created and current jobs will become more unpleasant. Finally,while a four-day workweek offers employees more free time to invest in their personal lives,it also presents some risks that could end up reducing their quality of life.Working a shorter week can decrease employees’ job stability and harm their chances for advancing their careers.Four-day employees are likely to be the first to lose their jobs during an economic downturn.They may also be passed over for promotions because companies might prefer to havefive-day employees in management positions to ensure continuous coverage and consistent supervision for the entire workweek.这是听力原文,希望各位对比一下听力论述的要点看一下我能得的分数评分原则:三点都写出,语法错误不少是4分.三点都写出,基本没有语法错误是5分.漏一点3分托福范文(八): 写托福作文能用SAT的例子吗望高手指点!我现在发现SAT的一些例子可以套到托福作文题目中,我能不能用SAT的结构来写托福作文啊有没有人用过SAT的例子写托福,最后得分怎么样望高手指点!许多经典的例子可以通用的.比如罗斯福,达尔文,马丁路德金.但是sat作文和tofel作文的结构是不同的.sat更自由些,对于一个话题,你可以议论(举例论证),也可以写小故事来说明你的立场(许多美国学生都用这个).我上过北...托福范文(九): 给下这个托福作文的思路和例子啊,重点是例子.有些人觉得他们可以靠自己或者家人的帮助,解决important problems.因此,人们不需要政府的帮助.这道题可以从两个方面写,即靠自己和靠政府解决问题;也可以只写靠自己成功,这个更好些一些.我有几个SAT常用的例子,比如靠自己努力成功的例子:Michael Jordan,Steven Jobs,Beethoven.这些例子看完他们的事迹然后拿自己的话再写一遍就行,不一定要写多好,托福要求也没那么高;靠政府的话可以写气候变暖,政府对此的应对措施比如限制co2排放量之类的.托福范文(十): 求长的托福写作模板想要长的写作模板.两篇最好都有~最好有200-300字的.之前有人问过,下面信息供你参考.Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile othersprefer to B, from my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows. The main reason for my propensity for A isthat___________________________.就理由进行解释_____________________.For instance,____________________Another reason can be seen by every one isthat____________________________.就理由进行解释___________________For example,____________________The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in aposition of advantage because_____________________________Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Suchas________________.In a word, ________________________________________________.So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A.托福作文模板推荐之二A or B将原题复述___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B, quite a few would deemthat______________________, but others, in contrast, believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence -A/-B, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity fo _________isthat___________________The second reason can be seen by every person that________.In addition, these reason are also usable when we considerthat_________.There are some disadvantages in____________________另一种观点的缺点__________.In a word, _____________重复观点句并缩写理由__________________.Takingsintosaccount of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that___________.托福作文模板推荐之三单一命题式The answer of this statement depends on your own experience and life style. In my point view, buying computers is as important as, if not more important than, buying books. So it is sagacious to____________.Among countless factors which influence the choice, these are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity for__________isthat____________.Another reason can be seen by every person isthat________________.Futhermore,______________.In short,_________________复述前文中的理由______________.托福作文模板推荐之四agree or disagreeSome people argue as if it is a general truth that a_____________________________.But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. There are numerous reasons why I hold no confidence on them, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant o the basic fact that______________解释本段中心___________.Another reason why I disagree with the above statement is that Ibelieve that______________.What is more, some students are interested in____________.In a word, _Some people prefer to A. others believe B. When faced with the decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that______________, but others, in contrast , deem A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. There are numerous reasons why___________, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here. The main reason why I agree with the above statement, however, isthat_____________________. Take___________as example, ______________. There is another factor that deserves some words here. Such as________________________.Similarly, these reasons are also usable when we considerthat______________.(exmaples:___________).From the above you might got idea that Iagree______________.(repeat the above three reason____________).So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to_______________.托福作文模板推荐之六Agree or disagreeSome people prefer to A, others believe B, Nowadays some may hold the opinion that ________________, but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree/disagreethat_______________. MY arguments for this point are listed as follows.One of the primary causes is that_______________________.Examples_______________.But there is a fruther more subtle point we must consider.Examples.What is more_______________. Examples___________General speaking, __________. Recongizing the fact that_______________should drive us to conclude that______________.托福作文模板推荐之七A or BIn my point of view, A is as important as, if not more important than B. So it is sagacious to choose A. Among count less factors which influence A. there are three conspicuous aspects as follows. The above point is certainly true if A is considered. For exmaple,___________________Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that A is better than B. For instance,_______________It would probably not be too kindly disposed to the idea that B is not important . B________也好_________.In a word, to choose A or B is something of a dilemma to thepublic because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B, and neglect hte genuinely good aspects of A. For the reasons presented above, I strongly commit to the notion that A, but not B. 托福作文模板推荐之八A or BWhen faced with the decision of A or B, quite a few would claimthat A, but others, in contrast, deem B as the premier choice andthat is also my point. This quite different view is based on the propensity of following points. We may looksintosevery possible reason, however, fore most reason for B is ____________________. For example, ______________.Also, ________________________.This isarbitray to judge B according only to the excuse I mentioned in the above paragraph.Similarly, these reasons are also usable when we considerthat________________. Admittedly, __________________A也有好的地方______________.By he same token, however, ______________B更好____________.Takingsintosaccount of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that_____________.一, “点对点”的结构“点对点”的结构指的是把综合写作中的阅读材料和听力材料的每一个对应点都单独提炼出来用一个段落加以阐述.这种结构的优点是可以把阅读文章和听力材料的对应关系更细致地进行说明,使文章层次感强,同时反映出考生提炼信息和对比信息的能力更高.比如下面的一篇范文就是ETS给出的满分作文,是一篇典型的“点对点”型的结构安排方式.Introduction-Relationship between reading and lecture The lecturer talks about research conducted by a firm that used the group to handle their work. He says that the theory stated in the passage was verydifferent and somewhat inaccurate when compared to what happened in reality.First Point of Contrast First, some members got free rides. That is, some didn’t work hard but got recognition for the success nonetheless. This also indicates that people who hard were not given recognition they should have gotten. In other words, weren’t given the opportunity to “shine”. This directly contradicts what th e passage indicates.Second Point of Contrast Second, groups were slow in progress. The passage says that groups are more responsive than individuals because of the number of people involved and aggregated resources. However,the speaker talks about how the firm found that groups were slower than individuals in decision making. Groups needed time for meetings, which are necessary procedures in decision making. This is another place where experience contradicted theory.Third Point of Contrast Third, influential people might emerge and lead the group towards glory If the influent people are going in the right direction there would be no problem. But in cases where they go in the wrong direction, there is nobody that has influence to counter the decision made. In other words, the group might turn dictatorship, with the influential party as the leader, and might become less inits thinking. They might become one-sided, and thus fail to succeed. 二, “面对面”的结构“点对点”的结构指是最理想的结构安排模式,但有时候考生并不能准确地寻找到阅读和听力材料之间的对应点.这有可能是因为阅读和听力材料之间的对应点本身就不是很明显,或者由于考生自身的能力问题,没有完全听懂或看懂,则要写成“点对点”的结构安排模式,难度会比较大.遇到这种情况,朗阁海外考试研究中心则建议考生可以尝试使用“面对面”的结构安排模式.它与“点对点”的结构安排模式的区别在于,“面对面”作文的结构并不是逐条阐述对应点,而是在总得阐明听力和阅读文章之间的关系后,分别总结听力材料或阅读材料的要点,从“面”上阐述听力和阅读材料之间的联系.以下一篇范文也是根据ETS提供的一套模考题所写的范文,由于此题很难“点对点”地分析听力和阅读之间的关系,因此采取了“面对面”的写法.Introduction-Relationship between reading and lecture The lecturer talks about the natural process of crystallization and how the speed of cooling can influence such process, which is proved by Bowen’scrystallization experiment explained in the reading passage.Points in the lecture Natural crystallization happens when magma,which is extremely hot in its molten form deep in the earth,gradually cools off when it moves towards the surface of the earth. During the cooling process, the energy from heat is lost, and the atoms which compose the magma begin to move more slowly, forming into an orderly pattern, which turns the magma into a solid crystal structure. However, if the cooling process takes place too rapidly, then there is not enough time for the atoms to be arranged into such an orderly pattern. Therefore, crystallization can’t take place. Instead, a brittle, glass-like material will form.Points in the Reading Norman Bowen’s experiment in the 1920sproved this theory. By collecting and melting elements in rocks, Norman created artificial magma in his laboratory. He first cooledthe magma slowly, as in the natural crystallization process, and got mineral crystals. But then he suddenly replaced this normal cooling with rapid freezing, and found frozen glass materials surrounding the solid crystal structure.可以看出,“点对点”和“面对面”的结构有各自的特点,但总得来说“点对点”的结构在“对比型”的新托福综合写作中要更适用一些,因为它能把矛盾点逐一呈现,更细致地体现了听力和阅读材料之间的关系.但掌握“面对面”的结构也很有必要,因为它可以适用一些听力和阅读材料之间的关系是一致、延伸或解释型的考题.此外,在考生无法寻找到所有的对应点时,用“面对面”的结构也算是一种补救措施.附:新托福综合写作sample answer 两篇,针对的是同一个考题,第一篇用的是“点对点”结构,第二篇用的是“面对面”的结构._______________________________________________________祝你成功啦!小站托福范文侃哥托福范文。

ibt作文经验交流

ibt作文经验交流

经验交流] ETS专员关于托福写作的权威回答,直接上英文[复制链接]小马教务处327主题920好友1万积分管理员阅读权限255金币11737 积分14560精华15帖子2742UID1发消息电梯直达主题帖发表于7 天前|只看该作者|倒序浏览新托福写作是中国考生的弱项,其中语法、用词以及逻辑思维是写作的问题所在,只有在日常生活中多读些范文,了解新托福写作中的逻辑思维,从哪方面考虑问题,句型难度,才可更好的进行锻炼。

以下我们整理了一些关于写作评断的权威信息。

目前对新托福考试的很多理解和看法基本定形。

本文通过综合多个权威信息渠道的信息(Official Guide,Teacher's Guide,Propell Workshop Manual,以及ETS高级专员Susan Hines 的讲解等),试图为大家揭开新托福写作众多关键问题的答案。

本文分为三个部分:其中Independent Writing Task 9个问题,Integrated Writing Task 6个问题,以及牵涉全局写作的3个问题。

Independent TaskQ: Independent Writing Task有没有题库?A: 没有,但是可以借鉴TWE的题库。

"You will see topics very similar to these [TWE Topics] on the TOEFL iBT." [OG, P267]Q: 准备Independent Writing Task需不需要专业知识?A: "None of the topics requires specialized knowledge. Most topics are general and are based on the common experience of people in general and students in particular." [OG, P267]Q: 写作的时候,观点重不重要?A: "It does not matter whether you agree or disagree with the topic; the raters are trained to accept all varieties of opinions." [OG, P267]"I think test takers had better simply pick one side rather than straddle the fence." [Susan Hines, Dec. 2006]"Creativity is not necessary." [Susan Hines, Dec. 2006]Q: 是否可以通过增加深刻的逻辑和复杂的例子来掩盖或者弥补语言能力的不足?A: 不可以。

跟随主流英文作文

跟随主流英文作文

跟随主流英文作文1. What do you think about social media?Social media is a double-edged sword. On one hand, it provides us with a platform to connect with people from all over the world, share our thoughts and experiences, and stay updated on current events. On the other hand, it can also be a source of negativity, cyberbullying, and misinformation. It's important to use social media responsibly and critically evaluate the content we see.2. What is your favorite hobby?My favorite hobby is reading. I love getting lost in a good book and immersing myself in different worlds and perspectives. Reading also helps me improve my vocabulary and critical thinking skills.3. What is your opinion on climate change?Climate change is one of the most pressing issues ofour time. The evidence is clear that human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, are contributing to the warming of the planet and the degradation of the environment. It's crucial that we take action to reduce our carbon footprint and transition to renewable energy sources.4. What is your favorite type of music?I enjoy listening to a variety of music genres, but my favorite is probably indie rock. I appreciate the raw and authentic sound of indie music, and the lyrics often touch on themes of self-discovery and personal growth.5. What is your opinion on online education?Online education has become increasingly popular in recent years, especially due to the COVID-19 pandemic.While it has its advantages, such as flexibility and accessibility, it also has its limitations. Online learning can be isolating and lacks the in-person interaction and feedback that traditional classroom settings provide. It'simportant to strike a balance between the two and ensure that online education is effective and equitable for all students.。

【最新文档】201X年托福考试写作能力经验解析-word范文模板 (2页)

【最新文档】201X年托福考试写作能力经验解析-word范文模板 (2页)

【最新文档】201X年托福考试写作能力经验解析-word范文模板本文部分内容来自网络整理,本司不为其真实性负责,如有异议或侵权请及时联系,本司将立即删除!== 本文为word格式,下载后可方便编辑和修改! ==201X年托福考试写作能力经验解析为了应对独立写作可能出现常考话题的新思路以及新的话题,同学们在备考初期的时候,不要太着重于语言的表达训练,首先得让自己脑子里看到题目以后有想法,那么就得锻炼自己的思维能力,更新自己的思维方式,多做一些头脑思维训练的练习,遇到自己想不出思路的题目整理到一起,参考其他人的构思思路,自己可以定一个复习周期,复习的时候再面对这个题目的时候自己就要尽可能的通过自己的思考得出思路。

在备考中后期,头脑思维训练可以作为一个常规练习,每天不用练多,目的是保持思维的活跃性和逻辑性。

201X年托福独立写作备考要做到夯实语言基础有些同学写作一直拿不到理想的分数,除了写作的时候思维上不能很好地对题目进行拓展,同时欠于没有掌握良好的学习方法,对于语言表达上往往心有余而力不足,写出的句子不是语法错误就是把写汉语句子的方式照搬到独立写作中,阅卷人会从独立写作的语言表达的标准上给予扣分。

同学们在看到好的词组或者句式的时候,不要整理到笔记本上就完事儿了。

还要根据这个词组或者句式一方面从汉语的角度扩展它们的含义,因为汉语和英语并不一一对应的,往往存在多对多的对应关系,这样你在想到某一个汉语句子的时候,一旦你的积累量达到一定水平以后,就不会为了写好一个句子抓耳挠腮想着怎么用英语表达了;另一方面,还要根据这个句型的不同汉语意思,进行造句练习。

例如: A rise to the challenge 意思有: 1)A 迎难而上。

2) A 不惧挑战。

3)A 勇往直前。

4)A 奋不顾身。

...... 造句练习:Faced with these unexpected difficulties, he bravely rose to the challenge.面对这些意料之外的难题,他勇敢地迎难而上。

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托福作文经验-what to follow写作是测试语言能力的重要方式,TOEFL考试自1987年起增加了写作测试,原因是美国的大专院校普遍反应单纯的客观题测试不能全面综合地反映考生的英语语言能力。

目前大多数美国院校要求申请入学的学生提供TWE(Test of Written English)即写作考试的成绩,一般要求是在5分以上,而一些名校的要求会高达满分6分,由此可见,托福作文的成绩会在极大程度上影响申请者最后进入的学校和取得奖学金的数额。

据有关资料统计,我国考生的托福写作成绩平均在3.5分左右,作文已成为广大考生在留学路途中一个难以突破的瓶颈。

有没有可能在短期内提高写作成绩呢?答案是肯定的。

本文不仅要帮助考生在短期内突破写作瓶颈,而且要提高考生的写作技巧和写作质量,从而为有志赴海外留学的莘莘学子助一臂之力。

TOEFL高分作文的奥秘何在?笔者认为,考生务必从以下四点入手,即:内容简单化、结构模式化、语言要包装、考前要强化。

一、内容简单化内容简单化是考生在构思托福作文时应遵循的原则。

考生不论是在练习时还是在考场上都应当牢记这一点。

许多考生在作文上败下阵来就是因为花费了大量的时间和精力追求内容的新颖别致。

ETS出托福作文试题时特别注意选择一些弹性不是很大的题目,因为托福考试作为一种语言测试方式,其重点在于测试考生英语语言水平,它不像GMAT和GRE这类智商型考试那样测试考生逻辑思辩的能力;如果设置弹性较大的题目,评卷人在评分时就不容易把握。

事实上,托福作文考试的内容并不会给评卷人留下太深的影响,参阅任何一本托福指南书的考生都可以发现书中范文的内容不会有太多新意,评卷人评判的是考生的文能力,考生在构思时只要保证自己的内容符合逻辑,能够言之有理、言之成理、切题即可,然后把更多的注意力放在如何追求语言的得体性上;有的考生在考场上绞尽脑汁,想要找出些绝妙的内容来吸引评卷人的特别关注,结果往往是花费了十分的心思只得到一分的回报,有时反而会弄巧成拙,使评卷人的注意力转移方向,影响得分。

在考场上,笔者认为考生在构思内容上所花的时间不应超过5分钟,在认真读题并将其理解透彻以后,考生可以在试卷题目下方的空白处列一个简短的提纲,用中文即可,以此作为写作过程中内容的提示,在提笔开始写作的过程中就可将重点放在保证语言的流畅得体上,不会因为内容而中断思路。

二、结构模式化TOEFL高分作文的第二大策略是结构模式化,这也是最核心的一条策略。

通览以往的TOEFL作文考题,细心的考生不难发现,托福作文考题不仅题目弹性很小,而且题型相结稳定,这就为考生在短期内提高作文分数创造了一个条件,使考生完全可以在考前针对考试中可能出现的题型按照固定的结构模式进行训练。

TOEFL作文考题从语言形式上可大致分为三个类型,第一种为二选一,即题目给出两种观点,问考生倾向于哪一种观点,但近两年这类题目转向隐蔽化,考生要学会“拨云见日”,将隐蔽的题目转化成熟悉的题型。

例如1998年5月的托福作文题目:你朋友有一笔钱,你认为是应该用这笔钱买车还是度假,这就是典型的隐蔽化的二选一题型,可以转化为:一些人认为,你朋友应该用这笔钱买车,而另一些人认为你朋友应用这笔钱度假,你同意哪一种观点。

第二种题型是提出一个观点,问考生同意与否。

1998年8月的考题就属这一类型,题目说向朋友借钱会影响朋友之间的友谊,问考生是否同意这一观点。

第三种题型是要考生在题目所给的若干事物中选出一种说明其某种特性。

观察近年的TOEFL作文考试可以看出,每年每种题型都会出现一次。

固定的题型自然有较为固定的模式与之相配,下面笔者将详细解释前两种题型的结构模式。

二选一的题型有三种结构模式,一是一边倒的结构模式,即考生完全倾向于一种观点。

这一模式又可分为两种,一边倒和修正型一边倒。

一边倒是说考生在文章中完全同意一种观点,这种写法的优点在于思维单一,只需要列举几个理由,并展开讨论,不会由于内容复杂而产生逻辑的混乱,而缺点在于相对单一的内容会使考生觉得没有太多话可写。

修正型一边倒的写法是指考生即可以写赞成这种观点的理由,也可以谈反对它的理由,但由于赞成的理由多于反对的理由,所以最终考生还是同意这一种观点。

这种写法显出考生的态度较为客观,不武断,而且从正反两方面谈,考生写起来会觉得可写的内容较多。

第二种二选一题型的结构模式是折衷的写法。

考生可以先写赞成一种观点的几点理由,接着写赞成另一种观点的理由,最后考生就自己的情况,明确表示最终赞成哪一种观点。

有人可能会提出质疑,说题目要考生明确表示自己倾向何种观点,这种既说甲好又说乙好的折衷写法是不是跑题。

事实是,这种写法不仅符合题意,而且是最符合实际情况的。

所以,在考试中完全可行。

如有这样一道题目,一些人认为公司应当雇用年轻、有朝气和创造力的职员,而另一些人认为应当雇用有资历、有经验的老职员,你同意哪一种观点。

针对这一题目,有一个考生写道:在雇用职员时常常会发生争论,有人认为应雇用年轻、有朝气和创造力的职员,而另外一些人觉得要雇用年龄大、资历老且有经验的职员。

赞成雇用年轻职员的人通常会列举这样的理由:……,而赞成雇用年老职员的人会说:……,假如我是一个广告公司的经理,就我的实际情况而言,在雇用策划人员时,我会选择年轻职员,因为…,而在管理阶层,我会选择一些有经验的老职员……。

这篇作文在实际TOEFL考试中的得分是6分。

二选一的题目还可以这样写:先说赞成一种观点的理由,再说不赞成这种观点的理由,就个人而言,比较倾向另一种观点并陈述理由。

第二种题型的结构模式相对简单得多。

针对提出的一种观点问考生同意与否这种题型,考生应在第一段里明确表态是同意还是不同意题目所给观点,然后用二到三个自然段举例来支持自己的态度,最后一段做一小结,并再次表明自己的态度。

这种题型的诀窍在于凭例证和事实说话,但考生要学会提炼事实不要在文章中讲一个冗长的故事,因为考试有时间和字数的限制。

有考生也许会问,既然结构模式化是TOEFL高分作文的核心策略,那么有没有一种以不变应万变的固定模式来对付所有的作文题型呢?考生可以尝试这种模式:即先提出自己某观点或事物的看法,然后列举理由,最后得出结论,事实上就是在写议论文时常用的三大块结构,但考生要根据具体情况具体分析,绝不可以机械地生搬硬套,这样反而会影响成绩。

三、语言要包装做到内容简单化和结构模式化,考生就已经向TOEFL高分作文的目标迈进了一大步,如果考生还能在语言的细节上下一些功夫,TOEFL作文的分数就会更上一层楼,这也就是我们接下来要谈的第三大策略:语言要包装。

前面我们已经说过,TOEFL作文的测试重点是考生的语言能力,因而在语言细节上下一点功夫就可以让考生展示自己的语言修养。

作文中语言的包装主要应从以下六点入手。

首先是语法方面的包装。

考生要注意在作文中选取一个中心时态,通常选取一般现在时即可,但在陈述具体例证时要根据不同的情况变换时态。

TOEFL明确要求高分作文的句子要做到多样化,所以最好不要全盘使用简单句,这样会降低文章的层次、复杂句和简单句应在文章中交叉出现,而对一些描述性的例证以及临时想起的内容可以使用简单句。

词汇的包装是个较为艰巨的过程,但单从TOEFL应试的角度而言,考生可以精选一些TOEFL高分作文学习,吸取其中的语言营养,对其中的用词进行细致的研究和模仿,在练习时尽量使用范文中一些常用的优秀词汇。

语言包装的第三点是注意文化移入,TOEFL作文的评卷人与考生来自完全不同的文化背景,许多考生认为正常的习惯表达法也许是评卷人根本无法理解的,所以这种跨文化的交际行为具有危险性,考生如果把握不好会起到反作用。

应当尽量避免使用带有比喻色彩的修辞手法,因为喻体的不同会带来文化理解的问题,举一个最简单的例子,中国人在形容非常着急时常常比喻说就像“热锅上的蚂蚁”,但如果在和文中出现“ants on a hot stove”,TOEFL 的评卷人不会明白是什么意思,西方对应的说法是“a cat on hot bricks”(滚烫的砖块上的猫)。

在文化移入方面也有一些成功的例子可供借鉴,考生在文章中可以使用一些中国历史或典故,但前提条件是考生可以用英文将其解释清楚,这样不仅可以向评卷人展示自己的语言解释能力,还可以通过这种文化移入为博得评卷人的好感。

同样在引用名人名言时考生也要特别注意:中国人习惯用别人说的话来证明自己的观点,而西方人引用名人名言通常都是为了进行批判性分析,这也是东西方文化上的一大差异,建议考生心意一不要使用名人名言,而应当用自己的逻辑去说服对方。

说到这里自然就引出五一个语言包装的问题:应不应当在作文中作用谚语,大多数考生会觉得这些语言对评卷人而言已是陈词滥调,不应该在他们面前卖弄,事实恰恰相反,非英语国家的考生使用谚语常常会给英语国家的评卷人留下良好的印象,他们认为只有英语功底很扎实的考生才能正确地使用谚语。

因此,在对所用表达法把握很大的情况下,考生不妨在作文中写一些地道的英语习语。

语言包装的最后一点是文体意识。

普林斯顿所提供的评分标准中非常明确地指出考生所写的文章应当是academic(学术性)的,考生在提笔之前应当清楚地认识到现在这篇文章应当是学术性的正式文体,在遣词造句时要抛弃口语体的非正式的词汇和句型。

四、考前要强化前面所讲的三大策略都是针对托福作文具体写作过程而言,接下来要说的第四大策略主要针对考前准备,即:考前要强化。

任何事物都是要在实践中得到证明的,想要写出真正的TOEFL高分作文,除了要学习领会前面的三大策略外,考前准备时还有三点需要注意,一是考生一定要提起笔来写,只有拿起笔真正写过文章的人在考场上才有可能将种种策略运用开来,赢得高分。

应该写什么,又该怎样写呢?建议考生每个题型写两篇文章,对照范文找差距,不断修改,不断完善,这个过程不仅会帮助考。

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