同源形容词与副词的区别容易混淆拼错的词

英语同源形容词的区别
赵宝斌
在英语中某些词有两种或两种以上的形容词形式，它们词形相近，但词义不同，容易用错，下面笔者对这类形容词做一总结。

1)historic: famous in history, 历史上著名的associated with past times 与过去时代有关的
a ~ event/speech/spot
historical: belong to history 历史上的
a ~ people/novel/play/film/painting
~ trend
2) electric: worked by, changed with，producing electricity 用电的，带电的, 有电的
~ current/cable
electrical: relating to electricity, an idea of a less close connection with electricity ~ engineering/apparatus
3) economic: of economics
~ policy/geography/crisis/crops
economical: careful in the spending of money and time, not waste 经济的，节俭的an ~ housewife/store
4) industrial: of industries 工业的
the ~ revolution/products/system
industrious: hard-working, diligent
~ people
5) considerable: great much 相当多（大）的
a ~ income/distance
considerate: thoughtful 体谅的，体贴的周到的
She is ~ to others.
6) sensible: reasonable, having good sense 实用的，明知的
a ~ woman/idea/ 豁达的妇女/明知的观点
~ clothes 实用的衣服
sensitive: quick to receive impression 敏感的
a ~ skin
~ paper 感光纸
7) continual: going on all the time without stopping or with only short breaks, stop and go repeatedly, 连续的，断断续续的
~ rain/noise
continuous: going on without a break, an uninterrupted flow 连续不断的~ fight/work
8) intense: high in degree 强烈的，剧烈的，高度的
~ heat炽热/pain
an ~ lady 热情的女子
intensive: deep and thorough 精深的，集中的
~ reading/study彻底研究/agriculture密集农业
9）respectable: deserving respect, 值得尊敬的，有名望的
a ~ man/profession
respectful: showing respect 尊敬人的，有礼貌的，
He is always ~to the elders.
respective: belongs to each of these 分别的，各自的
They sat on their ~ chairs.
10) imaginable: that can be imagined 可象想的
~ difficulties
imaginary: existing only in the mind, unreal 想象中的，不真实的~ figure
imaginative: of, having, using imagination 有想象力的，运用想象力的
a ~ writer
11) intelligent: having, showing intelligence, clever 有才智的, 聪明的
an ~ looking girl ~ answer
intelligible: clear to mind, that can be easily understood. 易了解的, 易领悟的an ~ speech/explanation
intellectual: possessing a great deal of knowledge 知识的, 智力的
12) contemptible: deserving contempt 可卑的
a ~ lie
contemptuous: showing contempt 表示轻视的
a ~ look
13) credible: that can be believed 可信的，可靠的
a ~ witness
credulous: too ready to believe things. 轻易相信的，易上当的He always cheats ~ people.
creditable: that brings credit. 可称赞的
a ~ record/deed/effort
14) alternate: changing by turns 轮流的，交替的
alternative: giving a choice between two things 选择的，两者选一的15) comparable 可比较的，有类似之处的
comparative 比较而言的，相当的
There is no scenery comparable to that of the West lake.
He lived in comparative comfort recently.
16) politic精明的
political 政治的
17) beneficial 有益的
beneficent 多多行善的
18) official 官方的
officious 多管闲事的
19) potent 强有力的
potential 潜在的，可能的
20) confident 有信心的，自信的confidential 机密的
21) negligent 忽视的，粗心大意的negligible 可忽视的
22) momentary 瞬时的，短时的momentous 重大的
23) memorable 值得记忆的，不能忘却的memorial 纪念的
24) social社会的
sociable 善社交的
25) childish 幼稚的
childlike 孩子般的
26) distinct: clear 明显的，清晰的distinctive: characteristic独特的，有区别的27) classic 一流的
classical 古典的
28) comprehensible 可理解的comprehensive 全面的，综合的
29) disinterested 公平的
uninterested 冷淡的
30) earthly 人间的，尘世的
earthy 泥土似的
31) effective 有效的
efficient 有效率的
effectual 奏效的
32) exceptionable 反对的exceptional 非凡的
33) fatal 致命的
fateful 决定性的
34) fleshly 肉体的
fleshy 肥胖的
35) homely 家常的
homelike 象家的
36) im(un)practical 不切合实际的impracticable 无法使用的
37) ingenious 有独创性的ingenuous 直率的，天真的38) manly 男人气派的
male 男的
masculine 男性的
39) movable 可移动的，变动的mobile可动的，活动地
40) mysterious 神秘的
mystical 奥妙的
41) notable 著名的（指事）noted 著名的（指人）
42) Practical 实际的practicable 可行的，通行的43) regretful 遗憾的(指人）regrettable 遗憾的（指事）44) seasonable 及时的seasonal 季节的
45) spiritual 精神的
spirituous 酒精的
46) tortuous 弯曲的
torturous 受刑的
47) transitory 短时间的（指事）
transient 瞬时的（指人）
48) elementary 基本的
elemental 自然的
49) healthy 健康的
healthful 有易于健康的
50) likely 可能的
likable 可爱的
51) desirable 合意的
desirous 渴望的
52)clean 干净的
cleanly 有干净习惯的Are cats cleanly animals?
53) kind 慈善地
kindly 友好的，亲切的
54) temporal 一时的, 暂时的, 世俗的
temporary 暂时的, 临时的
英语同源副词的区别
赵宝斌
在英语中,某些形容词词形同时也可作副词,但这些形容词还有加后缀-ly 副词的形式,因此这类词就有两种副词形式，它们在用法上有些可以互换，有些是有区别，下面笔者对这类词做一总结。

一般地说，可以互换的这类词，形容词词形的副词表示比较具体的概念，经常用语口语中，不太正式；后缀-ly形式的副词，表示比较抽象的概念，有引申义，并有一定感情色彩，变副词比较级时，用此类副词，如修饰动词和分词，放在它们前面。

1) cheap: often used instead of cheaply, esp. in casual conversation and with verbs like buy and sell
Do you like this shirt? I bought it really cheaply.
cheaply: I can't sell you more cheaply.
2) clean: completely, used with (1) verb forget (2) the proposition over, through (3) adv away out
I ~ forget. The ball sailed ~ over the roof.
The prisoner got ~ away. I am afraid I am clean out of food.
cleanly: precisely in a clean manner, often used with v cut.
He caught the ball ~ . The doctor cut ~ through the abdominal wall.
3) clear: not touching
Please stand clear of the gate.
clearly: distinctly, obviously, similar to the meaning of clear
I can't see ~ without my glasses.
We ~need to think again.
4) close: near
Come close, I want to tell you something.
closely: carefully, with great attention
Study this ~ it's very important.
5) dead: exactly completely, used in certain expressions
~ right, ~ sure, ` tired, ~ slow, ~ ahead, ~ drunk, ~ straight
deadly: fatally
He was ~ injured in the crash.
6) direct: used instead of directly in talking about journeys and timetables
The plane goes ~ from London to Houston.
7) easy: used in certain expressions
Take it easy. easy come, easy go.
Easier said than done.
easily:I can do very easily.
8) fair: used in the expression play ~, fight ~
fairly: justly, honestly
You must do it ~.
9) fine: well, used in some expressions
That suits me fine. You are doing ~.
finely: elaborately (细微地）(not commonly used
He studied it very finely.
10) free: without payment
You can't eat ~ in my restaurant.
freely: without limit or restriction(限制）
You can't speak ~ in front of my father.
11) hard: to show degree
He hit hard.
hardly: almost not
12) high: it refers to high position.
Don't go higher. It is dangerous.
highly: it refers to an extreme degree "very much".
She is ~ paid. It is ~ amusing.
13) just: a moment ago I have just come here. justly: in accordance with justice or the law.
You must do it justly.
14) late: not on time He hates arriving late.
lately: recently I haven't heard from you lately.
15) loud: used instead of loudly in informal conversation with the verbs talk, speak, shout, laugh
loudly: in a big voice They quarreled ~.
16) low: in a small voice Can you speak low?
lowly: in a humble way Don't speak to him lowly.
17) most: very Which do you like most?
mostly: mainly, most often, in most cases
18) pretty: rather ~ well, ~ soon
prettily: pleasing to people (悦人地）He danced ~.
19) quick: in informal English used instead of quickly quickly He acted ~.
20) real: in informal English used instead of really
really: Are you ~ tell me the truth.
21) right: just, exactly, all the way
The ball hit me ~ in the nose.
He arrived ~ after breakfast.
Turn right at the traffic lights.
rightly: correctly right can be used informally instead of rightly You guessed right(ly)
22) sharp: punctually 准时地 He arrived at six o'clock ~. sharply: 锐利地，急剧地
look ~ speak ~
23) short: suddenly
The car stopped suddenly.
shortly: soon He will come shortly.
24) slow: used in informal conversation instead of slowly
go ~, drive ~
25) sound: 彻底地used in the expression sound asleep soundly: 非常好地He is sleeping soundly.
26) straight and straightly used in the same way.
27) sure: used in American English meaning certainly
surely: He speaks very surely.
28) tight: used instead of tightly in informal conversation.
hold ~, pack ~. The door was shut ~.
tightly: We'd better sit tightly.
29)wide: He opened his eyes wide.
widely: in many different places
He has traveled widely.
30) wrong used instead of wrongly in informal conversation.
You guessed wrong(ly)
容易混淆拼错的英语词
赵宝斌
在英语中，有些单词的拼法很相似，容易混淆，下面笔者总结了这类的词。

1) quite 相当quiet 安静地
2) affect v 影响, 假装effect n 结果, 影响
3) adapt 适应adopt 采用adept 内行
4) angel 天使angle 角度
5) dairy 牛奶厂diary 日记
6) contend 奋斗, 斗争content 内容, 满足的context 上下文contest 竞争, 比赛
7) principal 校长, 主要的principle 原则
8) implicit 含蓄的explicit 明白的
9) dessert 甜食desert 沙漠v 放弃dissert 写论文
10) pat 轻拍tap 轻打slap 掌击rap 敲，打
11) decent 正经的descent n 向下, 血统descend v 向下
12) sweet 甜的sweat 汗水
13) later 后来latter 后者latest 最近的lately adv 最近
14) costume 服装custom 习惯
15) extensive 广泛的intensive 深刻的
16) aural 耳的oral 口头的
17) abroad 国外aboard 上（船，飞机）
18) altar 祭坛alter 改变
19) assent 同意ascent 上升accent 口音
20) champion 冠军champagne 香槟酒campaign 战役
21) baron 男爵barren 不毛之地的barn 古仓
22) beam 梁，光束bean 豆been have 过去式
23) precede 领先proceed 进行，继续
24) pray 祈祷prey 猎物
25) chicken 鸡kitchen 厨房
26) monkey 猴子donkey 驴
27) chore 家务活chord 和弦cord 细绳
28) cite 引用site 场所sight 视觉
29) clash （金属）幢击声crash 碰幢，坠落crush 压坏
30) compliment 赞美complement 附加物
31) confirm 确认conform 使顺从
32) contact 接触contract 合同contrast 对照
33) council 议会counsel 忠告consul 领事
34) crow 乌鸦crown 王冠clown 小丑cow 牛
35) dose 一剂药doze 打盹
36) drawn draw 过去分词drown 溺水
37) emigrant 移民到国外immigrant 从某国来的移民
38) excess n 超过exceed v超过excel 擅长
39) hotel 青年旅社hostel 旅店
40) latitude 纬度altitude 高度gratitude 感激
41) immoral 不道德的immortal 不朽的
42) lone 孤独的alone 单独的lonely 寂寞的
43) mortal 不死的metal 金属mental 神经的medal 勋章model 模特meddle 玩弄
44) scare 惊吓scarce 缺乏的
45) drought 天旱draught 通风, 拖拉draughts (英)国际跳棋
47) assure 保证ensure 使确定insure 保险
48) except 除外expect 期望accept 接受excerpt 选录exempt 免除
49) floor 地板flour 面粉
50) incident 事件accident 意外
51) inspiration 灵感aspiration 渴望
52) march 三月, 前进match 比赛
53) patent 专利potent 有力的potential 潜在的
54) police 警察policy 政策politics 政治
55) protest 抗议protect 保护
56) require 需要inquire 询问enquire 询问acquire 获得
67) revenge 报仇avenge 为...报仇
68) story 故事storey 楼层store 商店
69) strike 打stick 坚持strict 严格的
70) expand 扩张expend 花费extend 延长
71) commerce 商业commence 开始
72) through 通过thorough 彻底的(al)though 尽管thought think 过去分词
73) purpose 目的suppose 假设propose 建议
74) expect 期望respect 尊敬aspect 方面inspect 视察suspect 怀疑
75) glide 滑翔slide 使滑行slip 跌落
76) steal 偷steel 钢
77) strive 努力stride 大步走
78) allusion 暗示illusion 幻觉delusion 错觉elusion 逃避
79) prospect 前景perspective 透视法
80) stationery 文具stationary 固定的
81) loose 松的lose 丢失loss n 损失lost lose过去式
82) amend 改正, 修正emend 校正
83) amoral unmoral immoral 同义不道德的
84) capitol 大厦capital 首都
85) casual 随便的causal 表原因的
86) extend 延伸extent 长度extant 现存的
87) inability 没能力disability 残疾
88) personnel 人事personal 个人的
89) statue 塑像statute 法令stature 身长status 地位
90) widow 寡妇window 窗户
91) socks 短袜stockings 长筒袜
92) tax 税taxi 出租
93) definite 不定的infinite 无限的
94) grim 严酷的grime 污点
95) crayon 蜡笔canyon 山谷
96) recent 最近resent 生气
97) phrase 短语phase 阶段
98) mission 使命emission 散发, 发射mansion 大厦
99) vision 视觉version 译本
100) gasp 上气不接下气grasp 抓住
101) delicate 微妙的dedicate 献身
101) idle 空闲的idol 偶像
102) induce 促使,劝诱deduce 推测reduce 减少seduce 诱使
103) lapse 流逝elapse 消逝eclipse 日食
104) rude 粗鲁的crude 天然的
105) source 水源sauce 酱油saucer 茶托resource 资源recourse 求援106) sled (儿童)雪橇sledge 雪橇
107) stripe 条纹strip 条trip 旅行
108) vocation 职业vacation 假期evocation 召集revocation 撤回109) ardor 热情adore 崇拜adorn 装饰
110) area 区域era 时代
111) resemble 象... assemble v 集合,装配assembly n 集合, 装配
112) assume 假定resume 恢复
113) attain 达到obtain 获得abstain 放弃
114) award 授予reward 奖赏
115) baggage (American English) luggage 行李
116) badge 徽章bandage 绷带
117) blade 刀刃bald 秃的bold 大胆
118) bloom 开花blossom 开花(结果实) bosom 胸口119)blush 脸红flush 发红(脸)
120) bride 新娘bribe 贿赂
121) growl 咆哮howl 狼叫
122) depress 使沮丧suppress 镇压oppress 压迫123) dime 一角dim 暗淡的
124) dizzy 眼花缭乱dazzle 使眼花
125) brown 褐色brow 眼眉blow 打击
126) bullet 子弹bulletin 公告
127) carton 纸板盒cartoon 动画
128) chivalry 骑士精神cavalry 骑兵队
129) collar 领子cellar 地窖color 颜色
130) vanish 消失evanish 使消失
131) intrude 入侵extrude 逐出detrude 推下
132) contort 扭弯distort 弄弯retort 反驳
133) eminent 杰出的imminent 逼近的
134) decline 下降recline 放置incline 倾斜
135) exclaim 呼喊proclaim 宣布acclaim 欢呼declaim 朗诵136) edict 法令indict 控告
137) perfuse 泼洒profuse 浪费的
138) reject 拒绝eject 逐出inject 注射deject 使沮丧
139) literacy 识字literary 文学的literature 文学literal 文字的140) median 中央的,中线的medium 媒体
141) expel 驱逐repel 反击impel 推动dispel 驱散
142) rip 撕ripe 熟的
143) wench 绞车wrench 扭伤
144) confidant 知己confident 有信心的
145) dine 吃饭diner 吃饭人dinning n 吃饭dinner 晚饭146) dreg 渣滓drag 拖拉
147) faint 失去知觉feint 佯攻
148) imprudence 轻率impudence 无耻149) specie 硬币species 种类
150) hanger 钩子hangar 棚厂hunger 饥饿151) suite 一(套,批) suit一套衣服。