英语语法术语词汇
(完整版)英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic动名词gerund连字号hyphen祈使语气imperative mood祈使句imperative sentences独立成分indefinite case主句indicative mood物质名词material nouns句子的成分members of the sentence 情态动词modal verbs语气mood词法morphology否定疑问句negative interrogative sentence动词的非限定形式non-finite forms of the verb非限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clauses 括号brackets名词的分类classification of nouns从句（分句）clauses同源宾语cognate object集体名词collective nouns冒号colon逗号comma普通格common case普通名词common nouns比较级comparative degree复合宾语complex Object复合句complex sentences并列复合句compound complex sentences表性状的复合谓语compound nominal predicate复合谓语compound predicate并列句compound sentences表行为的复合谓语compound verbal predicate合成词compound words合成compounding ( composition )错综时间条件句conditional sentences of mixed time 连词conjunction连接副词conjunctive adverbs连接代词conjunctive pronouns转化conversion并列连词co-coordinating conjunctions可数名词countable nouns破折号dash陈述句declarative sentences定冠词definite article比较的级别degrees of comparison指示代词demonstrative pronouns派生（词缀法）derivation ( affixation )描绘性定语descriptive attributes呼语direct address直接宾语direct object直接引语direct speech反意问句disjunctive questions省略ellipsis省略句elliptical sentences感叹号exclamation mark感叹句exclamatory sentences动词的限定形式finite forms of the verb虚词form words分数词fractional numerals完全倒装full inversion将来进行时future continuous一般将来时future indefinite将来完成时future perfect将来完成进行时future perfect continuous独立结构absolute constructions物主代词的绝对形式absolute forms of possessive pronouns 抽象名词abstract nouns主动语态active voice方式状语从句adverbial clauses of manner地点状语从句adverbial clauses of place目的状语从句adverbial clauses of purpose时间状语从句adverbial clauses of time程度副词adverbs of degree频度副词adverbs of frequency方式副词adverbs of manner地点副词adverbs of place时间副词adverbs of time选择问句alternative questions句子分析analysis of sentences省略号apostrophe同谓语appositive同位语从句appositive clauses助动词auxiliary verbs插入语parenthesis部分倒装partial inversion分词短语participial phrases分词participle小品词particle词类parts of speech过去式past forms过去分词past participle句号period ( full stop )人称person人称代词personal pronouns成语动词phrasal verbs谓语predicate表语predicative表语从句predicative clauses前缀prefix(es)介词短语prepositional phrases现在式present forms现在分词present participle动词的主要形式principal forms of verbs专有名词proper nouns标点符号punctuation问号question mark引号quotation mark相互代词reciprocal pronouns不定代词indefinite Pronouns关系副词relative adverbs关系代词relative pronouns限制性定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 自身代词self pronouns分号semicolon真实条件句sentences of real condition虚拟条件句sentences of unreal condition时态的呼应sequence of tenses特殊问句special questions虚拟语气subjunctive mood后缀suffix(es)最高级superlative degree句法syntax句型的转换transformation of sentences双部句two-member sentences不可数名词uncountable nouns动词短语verbal phrases名词化的动词verbal noun构词法word building。
语法术语中英文
语法术语中英文1. Noun （名词）countable uncountable （可数名词、不可数名词）Number of N （名词的数）Irregular plurals （不规那么复数）Genitive case of N （名词的所有格）Double genitive （双重所有格）2.Pronoun （代词）Personal pronoun （人称代词）Possessive pronoun （物主代词）Reflexive pronoun （反身代词）Interrogative pronoun （疑问代词）Indefinite pronoun （不定代词）3.Numeral （数次）Cardinal 、ordinal numbers （基数词、序数词）Percentage （百分数）Fraction （分数）Decimal （小数）Multiple （倍数）4.Determiner （限定词）Definite, indefinite, zero articles （定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词）Quantifiers （数量词）5.Preposition （介词）6.Adjective （形容词）Attributive 定语Predicative 表语Adverb clause equivalent 副词性从句7. Adverb （副词）Modifier of Adj / Adv / Prep-phrase / N-Phrase / Adverb-clause （形容词、副词、介词短语、副词性从句的修饰语）The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj / Adv （形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）9. Verb classes （动词）Transitive and intransitive verbs（及物动词和不及物动词）Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries（助动词和情态动词）Semi-auxiliaries （半助动词）Phrasal verbs （短语动词）10. Tense （时态）Simple present, past, future and with modals （一样此刻时，一样过去时，一样以后时和情态助动词加动词）Present and past progressive（此刻进行时和过去进行时）Future progressive and with modals（以后进行时和情态动词加进行时）Present and past perfect（此刻完成时和过去完成时）Future perfect and with modals （以后完成时和情态动词加完成时）Present perfect progressive（此刻完成进行时）Past perfect progressive （过去完成进行时）voice （被动语态）Passive voice in simple tense（被动语态的一样时态）Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses （被动语态的完成和进行时态）Passive voice of phrasal verbs （短语动词的被动语态）12.Subjunctive mood （虚拟语气）13.To V （Infinitive 动词不定式）as subject, object and complement （用作主语，宾语和补足语）Indicating purpose / result （表示目的和结果）Modifying adjective （修饰形容词）as post modifier in a noun phrase （后位修饰名词）to be + V-ed2, to have + V-ed2, to be + V-ing （不定式的被动式，完成式和进行式）14.V-ing （Gerund 动名词）object, subject and predicative （宾语, 主语和表语）N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing as subject and object （名词/ 代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语）Prep + N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing （介词加名词/代词或其所有格加动名词）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as a noun equivale nt （动名词的被动式,完成式和完成被动式起名词作用）15pre-modifier and post modifier in a noun phrase 此刻分词和过去分词）as complement （补足语）as an adverb clause equivalen t（作状语）When / while, etc. + V-ing / V-ed2 （When / While 等加此刻分词或过去分词）（with） N + V-ing / V-ed2 （ [ with ] 名词加此刻分词或过去分词）Dangling V-ing as adverb clause equivalen t（无归属此刻分词作状语）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause equivalen t（此刻分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语）16. Basic sentence patterns and sentence elements （大体句型和句子成份）Pattern 1: S + VPattern 2: S + V + CsPattern 3: S + V + OPattern 4: S + V + Oi + OdPattern 5: S + V + Od + Co17. Interrogative form （疑问形式）Negative form （否定形式）Passive form （被动形式）relative clause （定语从句）Restrictive and non-restrictive （限制Pare nt hesis （插入语）Omission （省略）Omission through coordination （并列结构中的省略）Negation （否定）Total negation （全数否定）Partial negation （部份否定）Double negation （双重否定）Transferred negation （转移否定）性和非限制性定语从句）Appositive clause （同位语从句）Noun phrase appositive to clause（名词短语作句子的同位语）Clause of time and space（时刻从句和地址从句）Clauses of condition, concession and con tras t （条件从句、妥协从句和对照从句）Clauses of cause, result and purpose（缘故从句、结果从句和目的从句）Clauses of manner and comparison（方式从句和比较从句）Clauses of proportion and other types（比例从句和其它从句）3rd person pronouns, and plurals of the 1st and 2nd person pronouns （第三人称代词，第一、二人称代词的复数）indefinite pronouns （不定代词）（+ of + N / Pron）Subjec t-verb inversion（主语与谓语倒装）朗文高级英语语法》第一章动词时态概述(Overview Of Verb Tenses)1- 1 一样时态(The Simple Tenses)1- 2 进行时态(The ProgressiveTenses)31- 3 完成时态(The Perfect Tenses)1- 4 完成进行时态(The PerfectProgressive Tenses)1-5 时态用法总结(Summary Chart ofVerb Tenses)1- 6 -ing 和-ed 形式的拼写(Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms)第二章一样此刻时，一样过去时，此刻进行时和过去进行时(Present And Past,Simple And Progressive)2- 1 一样此刻时(Simple Present) 2- 2 此刻进行时(Present Progressive)2- 3 静态动词( Stative Verbs)2-5 规那么动词和不规那么动词(Regular and Irregular Verbs)2-6 规那么动词：-ed的发音(RegularVerbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings)2-7 不规那么动词表(Irregular Verbs: an Alphabetical List)2-8 易混淆的动词：raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie (Troublesome Verbs: raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie)2-9 一样过去时(Simple Past)2-10 过去进行时(Past Progressive)2-11进行时态与always连用表示抱怨(Using Progressive Verbs with always to Complain)2-12 进行时态中地址状语的用法(Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs) being + Adjective)3- 1 此刻完成时(Present Perfect)2-4 am/is/are being+形容词(am/is/are第三章完成时和完成进行时(Perfect And Perfect Progressive Tenses)3- 2 此刻完成进行时(Present Perfect Progressive) 3- 3 过去完成时(Past Perfect)3- 4 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Progressive)第四章以后时(Future Time)4- 1 一样以后时：will 和be going to (Simple Future: will and be going to)4- 2 will 与be going to 的比较(will vs. be going to)4- 3 历时刻状语从句表示以后(Expressing the Future in Time Clauses)4-4 用一样此刻时和此刻进行时表示以后(Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to Express Future Time)4- 5 以后进行时(Future Progressive)4- 6 以后完成时(Future Perfect)4-7 以后完成进行时(Future Perfect Progressive)第五章时刻状语从句和时态的温习(Adverb Clauses Of Time And Review Of Verb Tenses)5- 1 时刻状语从句：形式(Adverb Clauses of Time: Form)5- 2 历时刻状语从句表示时刻关系(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships)第六章主谓一致(Subject-verbAgreement)6-1以-s或-es结尾的词：用法、发音和拼写(Final -s/-es: Use, Pronunciation, and Spelling)6-2 大体的主谓一致问题(BasicSubject-verb Agreement)6-3 主谓一致：表达数量(Subject-verb Agreement: Using Expressions of Quantity)6-4 主谓一致：there be的用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Using there + be)6- 5 主谓一致：不规那么用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Some Irregularities)第七章名词(Nouns)7- 1 名词复数形式的规那么和不规那么转变(Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns)7- 2 所有格(Possessive Nouns)1037- 3 名词作修饰语(Using Nouns as Modifiers)7-4 可数名词和不可数名词(Count andNoncount Nouns)7- 5 不可数名词(Noncount Nouns)7- 6 常见不可数名词(Some Common Noncount Nouns)7-7 冠词的大体用法(Basic ArticleUsage)7-8 冠词用法的大体原那么(General Guidelines for Article Usage)7-9 数量的表达(Expressions of Quantity)7-10 a few 和few, a little 和little 的用法(Using a few and few; a little and little)7-11 带of 的数量表达(Using of in Expressions of Quantity)7-12 all (of)和both (of)〔All (of) and both (of) 7-13 单数的数量表达：one, each, every (Singular Expressions of Quantity: one, each, every)第八章代词(Pronouns)8- 1 人称代词(Personal Pronouns)8- 2 人称代词：与类属名词、不定代词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Generic Nouns and Indefinite Pronouns)8-3 人称代词：与集合名词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Collective Nouns)8- 4 反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns)8-5 you, one 和they 用作非人称代词(Using you, one, and they as Impersonal Pronouns)8- 6 other 的形式(Forms of other)8-7 other 的常见表达(CommonExpressions with other)第九章情态动词(一) (Modals, Part 1)9- 1 概述(Introduction)9-2 I作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with I as the Subject)9-3 you 作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with you as the Subject)9- 4 would you mind 用作礼貌请求(Polite Requests with would you mind)9- 5 表示必需：must, have to, have got to (Expressing Necessity: must, have to, have got to)9-6 没必要要和禁止：have to和must的否定形式(Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: have to and must in the Negative)9-7 忠告：should, ought to, had better (Advisability: should, ought to, had better)9-8 should 的过去式(The Past Form of should)9-9 期望:be supposed to (Expec tatio ns: be supposed to)9-10 提议:let's, why don't, shall I/we(Making Suggestions: let's, why don't, shall I/we)9-11 提议：could与should的比较(Making Suggestions: could vs. should) 第十章情态动词(二) (Modals, Part 2)10- 1 表示确信程度：此刻时(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time)10-2 表示确信程度：此刻时的否定形式(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time Negative)10-3 表示确信程度：过去时(Degrees of Certainty: Past Time)10-4 表示确信程度：以后时(Degrees of Certainty: Future Time)10-5 情态动词的进行式(Progressive Forms of Modals)10-6 表示能力：can 和could (Ability:can and could)10-7 would 表示过去重复性的动作(Using would to Express a RepeatedAction in the Past)10-8 表示偏向： would rather(Expressing Preference: would rather)10-9 情态动词和短语情态动词的结合(Combining Modals with Phrasal Modals)10-10 情态动词和类似表达的总结表(Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions)第十一章被动语态(The Passive)11-1 被动语态的组成(Forming the Passive)11-2 被动语态的用法(Using thePassive)11-3 间接宾语用作被动语态的主语(Indirect Objects Used as Passive Subjects)11-4 情态动词与短语情态动词的被动语态(The Passive Form of Modals and Phrasal Modals)11-5 静态被动语态(Stative Passive)11-6 常见静态被动语态动词 + 介词(Common Stative Passive Verbs + Prepositions)11-7 get 与被动语态(The Passive with get) 11-8 分词形容词(Participial Adjectives)第十二章名词性从句(Noun Clauses)12-1 概述(Introduction)12-2 以疑问词开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word)12-3以whether或if开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with whether or if)12-4疑问词后接不定式(Ques tion Words Followed by Infinitives)12-5 以that 开头的名词性从句(NounClauses Beginning with that)12-6 直接引语(Quoted Speech)12-7 间接引语：名词性从句中动词的形式(Reported Speech: Verb Forms in Noun Clauses)12-8 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法(Using the Subjunctive in Noun Clauses)12-9 带有-ever的辞汇的用法(Using -ever Words)第十三章定语从句(Adjective Clauses)13- 1 概述(Introduction)13-2 定语从句的关系代词作主语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject)13-3 定语从句的关系代词作动词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb)13-4 定语从句的关系代词作介词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition)13-5 定语从句的经常使用句型(UsualPatterns of Adjective Clauses)13-6 whose 的用法(Using whose)13-7定语从句中where的用法(Using where in Adjective Clauses)13-8 定语从句中when的用法(Using when in Adjective Clauses)13-9 定语从句修饰代词的用法(Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns)13-10 定语从句中标点符号的利用(Punctuating Adjective Clauses) 13-11 定语从句中数量的表示方式(Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses)13-12 名词+of which 的用法(U sing Noun + of which)28613-13 which修饰整个句子的用法(Using which to Modify a Whole Sentence)28613-14 将定语从句简化为形容词短语：概述(Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Introduction)13-15 将定语从句转变成形容词短语(Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase)第十四章动名词和不定式(一) (GerundsAnd Infinitives, Part 1)14- 1 动名词：概述(Gerunds: Introduction)14-2 动名词作介词的宾语(Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions)14-3 后面接动名词的常见介词短语(Common Preposition CombinationsFollowed by Gerunds)14-4 后面接动名词的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Gerunds)14-5 go+动名词(go + Gerund)14-6后面接动词-ing形式的固定搭配(Special Expressions Followed by -ing)14-7 后面接不定式的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Infinitives)14-8 后面既可接不定式又可接动名词的常见动词(Common Verbs Followed by either Infinitives or Gerunds)14-9 后面接动名词的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed byGerunds) 14-10 后面接不定式的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives)14-11 it +不定式；动名词和不定式作主语(it + Infinitive; Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects) And Infinitives, Part 2)15-1 表示目的的不定式：in order to (Infinitive of Purpose: in order to)15-2 后面接不定式的形容词(Adjectives Followed by Infinitives)15-3 不定式与too和enough连用(Using Infinitives with too and enough)15-4 不定式和动名词的被动语态和完成式(Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds)15-5 need 后接动名词或不定式的被动语态形式(Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following need)15-6 所有格修饰动名词(Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund)15-7 感官动词的用法(Using Verbs of Perception)15-8 let和help后接动词原形(Using the Simple Form after let and help)15-9 使役动词的用法：make, have, get(Using Causative Verbs: make, have, get)第十五章动名词和不定式(二) (Gerunds第十六章并列连词(Coordinating16-1 平行结构(Parallel Structure)16-2 成对连词：both・・・and; not only… but also; either … or; neither … nor (Using Paired Conjunctions: both . . . and; not only . . . but also; either . . . or; neither . . . nor)16- 3 用并列连词连接独立分句(Combining Independent Clauses with Coordinating Conjunctions)第十七章状语从句(Adverb Clauses)17- 1 概述(In troduc tion)17-2 缘故状语从句(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect)17-3表达对照(意外的结果)：even though 的用法〔Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using even though〕17-4 表达直接对照：while和whereas (Showing Direct Contrast: while and whereas)17-5条件状语从句：if从句(Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: 17-6 条件状语从句：whether or not和even if 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using whether or not and even if)17-7 条件状语从句：in case和in the event that 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using in case and in the event that)17-8 条件状语从句：unless的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using unless)17-9 条件状语从句：only if的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using only if)第十八章将状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Reduction Of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18- 1 概述(In troduc tion)18-2 将时刻状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-3 用修饰性的副词短语表达“与此同时”的概念(Expressing the Idea of “During the Same Time” in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-4 用修饰性的副词短语表示因果关系(Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-5 在修饰性的副词短语中利用“upon + -ing” (Using upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)第十九章表示因果、对照和条件关系的关联词(Connectives That Express Cause And Effect, Contrast, And Condition)19-1 because of 和due to 的用法(Using because of and due to)19-2用过渡词表示因果关系：therefore 和consequently (Using Transitions to Show Cause and Effect: therefore and consequently)19-3 句型和标点符号小结(Summary ofPatterns and Punctuation)19-4其它表示因果关系的方式：such… that 和so …that (Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: such . . . that and so . . . that)19-5 表示目的：so that的用法(Expressing Purpose: Using so that)19-6 表示对照(意料之外的结果) 〔Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result)〕19-7 表示直接对照(Showing Direct Contrast)19-8 表示条件：otherwise 和or (else) 的用法〔Expressing Conditions: Using otherwise and or (else)〕19-9 关联词小结：因果、对照和条件关系(Summary of Connectives: Cause and Effect, Contrast, Condition)第二十章条件句和表达愿望的方式(Conditional Sentences And Wishes)20- 1 条件句中一样动词形式概述(Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences)20-2 此刻和以后的真实条件句(True in the Present or Future)20-3 此刻和以后的非真实条件句(与事实相反)〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future〕20-4 过去的非真实条件句 (与事实相反) 〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Past〕20-5 在条件句中利用动词的进行时形式(Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences)20-6条件句中“混合时刻”的用法(Using“ Mixed Time ” in ConditionalSentences)42420-7 if 的省略(Omitting if)20-8 暗含的条件(Implied Cond it ions)20-9 as if / as though 的用法(Using as if/as though) 20-10 wish后面的动词形式(Verb Forms Following wish)20-11 用would 表达关于以后的希望(Using would to Make Wishes about the Future)434and Objects)A-2 介词和介词短语(Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases) A-3 形容词(Adjectives)A-4 副词(Adverbs)A-5 be 动词(The Verb be)A-6 系动词(Linking Verbs)B单元：疑问句(Questions)B-1 一样疑问句和特殊疑问句的形式(Forms of Yes/No and Information Questions)B-2 疑问词(Ques tion Words)B-3 简化的一样疑问句(Shortened Yes/No Questions)B-4 否定疑问句(Negative Questions) B-5 反意疑问句(Tag Questions)附录增补语法单元(Supplementary Grammar Units)A 单元：大体语法术语(Basic GrammarTerminology)C 单元：缩写(Contractions) D单元：否定句(Negatives)D-1 not与其它否定词的用法(Using not and Other Negative Words)A-1 主语、动词和宾语(Subjects, Verbs,D-2 幸免“重复两次否定” (Avoiding Double Negatives)D-3 以否定词开头的句子(Beginning a Sentence with a Negative Word)E 单元：介词搭配(Preposition Combinations)E 形容词和动词的介词搭配(Preposition Combinations withAdjectives and Verbs)F 单元：用来举例和延续观点的关联词(Connectives To Give Examples And To Continue An Idea)F-1 用来举例的关联词(Connectives to Give Examples)F-2 用来延续观点的关联词(Connectives to Continue the Same Idea)G 单元：动词形式的回忆练习(Verb Form Review Exercises)。
英语语法术语大全
英语语法术语大全以下是一些常见的英语语法术语大全：1. Noun（名词）：表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。
2. Pronoun（代词）：用来替代名词的词。
3. Verb（动词）：表示动作、状态或存在的词。
4. Adjective（形容词）：修饰名词或代词，描述其性质或特征的词。
5. Adverb（副词）：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等的词。
6. Preposition（介词）：用于表示名词与其他词之间的关系的词。
7. Conjunction（连词）：连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子的词。
8. Article（冠词）：用于限定名词的词，包括定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an）。
9. Determiner（限定词）：用于限定名词或确定名词所指的词，如this, that, these, those等。
10. Subject（主语）：句子中执行动作或被描述的名词或代词。
11. Predicate（谓语）：句子中描述主语的动词或动词短语。
12. Object（宾语）：接受动作的名词或代词。
13. Direct Object（直接宾语）：直接接受动作的名词或代词。
14. Indirect Object（间接宾语）：表示间接受益者或接收者的名词或代词。
15. Clause（从句）：包含主语和谓语的句子部分。
16. Phrase（短语）：由词组成的没有主谓关系的句子部分。
17. Compound Sentence（并列句）：由两个或多个独立的句子通过连词连接起来。
18. Complex Sentence（复合句）：包含一个主句和一个或多个从句的句子。
19. Passive Voice（被动语态）：表达动作的承受者在句子中作为主语的结构。
20. Active Voice（主动语态）：表达动作执行者在句子中作为主语的结构。
这里只是列举了一些常见的英语语法术语，还有许多其他的术语可以在学习英语语法过程中逐渐了解和掌握。
英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech 词类noun 名词 pronoun 代词 numeral 数词 adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词 interjection感叹词 particle 小品词2. Word building 构词法conversion 转化 derivation 派生 affixation词缀法 prefix前缀suffix后缀 compound words 合成词3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类common nouns普通名词 proper nouns 专有名词individual nouns个体名词 collective nouns 集合名词material nouns 物质名词 abstract nouns 抽象名词countable nouns 可数名词 uncountable nouns不可数名词the singular form 单数形式 the plural form 复数形式the common case 普通格 the possessive case 所有格the subjective case 主格 the objective case 宾格person 人称 third person singular 第三人称单数4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类personal pronouns 人称代词 possessive pronouns 物主代词self pronouns 反身代词 demonstrative pronouns 指示代词 interrogative pronouns 疑问代词 conjunctive pronouns 连接代词 relative pronouns 关系代词 reciprocal pronouns 相互代词 indefinite pronouns 不定代词5．数词、形容词、冠词cardinal numerals 基数词 ordinal numerals 序数词fractional numerals 分数词 the comparative degree 比较级 the superlative degree 最高级 The definite article 定冠词 the indefinite article 不定冠词6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类national verbs 实义动词 link-verbs系动词auxiliary verbs助动词 modal verbs 情态动词transitive verbs 及物动词 intransitive verbs 不及物动词regular verbs 规则动词 irregular verbs 不规则动词the present forms 现在式 the past forms 过去式the participle 分词 the present participle现在分词the past participle 过去分词 the infinitive 不定式the gerund 动名词 bare infinitive 不带to的不定式7．Tense 时态the present tense 一般现在时 the past tense 一般过去时the future tense一般将来时 the past future tense一般过去将来时the present continuous现在进行时 the past continuous 过去进行时the future continuous 将来进行时 the past future continuous过去将来进行时 the present perfect 现在完成时 the past perfect 过去完成时the future perfect 将来完成时 the past future perfect 过去将来完成时the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时8．Voice 语态、Mood 语气the passive voice 被动语态 the active voice 主动语态the indicative mood 陈述语气 the imperative mood 祈使语气the subjunctive mood 虚拟语气9．Classification of adverbs 副词的分类adverbs of place 地点副词 adverbs of time 时间副词adverbs of degree程度副词 adverbs of manner 方式副词adverbs of frequency频度副词 relative adverbs 关系副词interrogative adverbs 疑问副词 conjunctive adverbs连接副词10． Members of the sentence 句子成分the subject 主语 the predicate 谓语 the predicative 表语 the object 宾语 the attribute 定语 the adverbial 状语 the appositive 同位语independent elements 独立成分 the direct object 直接宾语the indirect object 间接宾语 parenthesis 插入语the double possessive 双重所有格 the formal subject/object 形式主语/宾语 subject complement 主语补足语 object complement宾语补足语11．Classification of sentences句子的分类declarative sentences 陈述句 imperative sentences 祈使句exclamatory sentences感叹句 interrogative sentences 疑问句general questions 一般疑问句 special questions 特殊疑问句alternative questions选择疑问句 disjunctive questions 反意疑问句tap questions 附加疑问句 simple sentences 简单句compound sentences 复合句 complex sentences 并列句elliptical sentences 省略句 phrase 短语 preposition phrases 介词短语 infinitive phrases 不定式短语 the question word 疑问词12．Clauses 从句main clauses 主句 subject clauses 主语从句object clauses宾语从句 direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语 predicate clauses 谓语从句predicative clauses 表语从句 attributive clauses定语从句 restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句 the antecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限定性定语从句appositive clauses同位语从句 adverbial clauses状语从句adverbial clauses oftime/ place / cause / condition / degree / result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 时间/地点/原因/条件/程度/结果/让步/目的/比较/方式状语从句 sentences of real condition真实条件句 sentences of unreal condition 虚拟条件句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序full inversion 完全倒装 partial inversion 部分倒装ellipsis 省略 transformation of sentences 句型转换analysis of sentences 句子分析13. Punctuation 标点符号period/full stop 句号 comma 逗号 semicolon分号colon 冒号 dash 破折号 hyphen连字号brackets 括号 question mark 问号quotation marks 引号 apostrophe 省略号14．The pronunciation of English 英语发音international phonetic国际音标 the sounds of English 英语语音vowels 元音 pure vowels 单元音 diphthongs 双元音semi-vowel 半元音 consonants 辅音 nasal 鼻音plosive 爆破音 fricative磨擦音 affricate 破擦音voiced sounds浊音 voiceless 清音length mark 长音符号 stress 重读 main stress 主重读音节secondary stress 次重读音节 unstressed 非重读音节rhythm 节奏 intonation 语调 a level pitch 平调rising tune 升调 falling tune 降调。
对外汉语 中英语法术语
对外汉语中英语法术语
在对外汉语教学中，了解和掌握一些常用的英语语法术语是非常有必要的，因为这将有助于更好地向外国学生解释汉语的语法结构和规则。
以下是一些常用的英语语法术语及其在汉语中的对应表达：
1. 词类 (Parts of speech)：包括名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等。
2. 主语 (Subject)：句子中的主要成分，通常位于句首，表示动作的执行者或状态的表现者。
3. 谓语 (Predicate)：句子中的核心成分，表示主语的动作或状态。
4. 宾语 (Object)：句子中接受动作或行为的对象。
5. 状语 (Adverbial)：修饰动词、形容词或副词的词语，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
6. 定语 (Adjective)：修饰名词的词语，通常用来描述名词的性质或特征。
7. 补语 (Complement)：补充说明主语或宾语的词语，通常表示动作的结果或状态的性质。
8. 语气 (Mood)：表示说话者的语气或态度，包括陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气等。
9. 时态 (Tense)：表示动作发生的时间，包括现在时、过去时、将来时等。
10. 语态 (Voice)：表示动作的方式，包括主动语态和被动语态。
以上只是一些基本的英语语法术语，实际上还有很多更具体和专业的术语，如分词、不定式、从句等等。
在对外汉语教学中，教师需要根据学生的实际需求和学习水平，选择适当的术语进行解释和教学。
英语语法词汇表
英语语法词汇表英语语法词汇表英语语法是学习英语的重要组成部分，它关乎着句子的结构、单词的用法以及语法规则的应用。
为了帮助大家更好地掌握英语语法知识，以下是英语语法词汇表的详细内容：1. 名词（Noun）名词是指人、事物、地方或抽象概念的名称。
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词还可以根据单数和复数形式来区分。
2. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、状态或事件的词语。
动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要搭配宾语，而不及物动词则不需要。
3. 形容词（Adjective）形容词用来描述名词的特征或属性。
形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，并可以根据不同级别表达不同的程度。
4. 代词（Pronoun）代词用来代替名词，通常用于避免重复或引用先前提到的名词。
代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等。
5. 副词（Adverb）副词用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
副词通常以 -ly 结尾。
6. 介词（Preposition）介词用来表达名词或代词与其他词之间的关系，如时间、地点、方式、原因等。
介词通常位于名词或代词之前。
7. 连词（Conjunction）连词用来连接单词、短语或句子。
连词可以分为并列连词、从属连词和关联连词。
8. 冠词（Article）冠词用来限定名词的范围，分为定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an）。
9. 数词（Numeral）数词用来表示数字或数量，包括基数词和序数词。
10. 时态（Tense）时态是指动词的形式来表达不同时点的动作或状态，包括一般现在时、过去式、将来时等。
11. 语态（Voice）语态是指动词的形式来表示动作的执行者和承受者之间的关系，包括主动语态和被动语态。
12. 句子类型（Sentence Types）句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句等不同类型，它们在语法结构和使用方式上有所区别。
13. 主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致，即单数主语对应单数谓语动词，复数主语对应复数谓语动词。
(完整版)英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech 词类noun 名词pronoun 代词numeral 数词adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle 小品词2. Word building 构词法conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词material nouns 物质名词abstract nouns 抽象名词countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词the singular form 单数形式the plural form 复数形式the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格the subjective case 主格the objective case 宾格person 人称third person singular 第三人称单数4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词self pronouns 反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词indefinite pronouns 不定代词5．数词、形容词、冠词cardinal numerals 基数词ordinal numerals 序数词fractional numerals 分数词the comparative degree 比较级the superlative degree 最高级The definite article 定冠词the indefinite article 不定冠词6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类national verbs 实义动词link-verbs系动词auxiliary verbs助动词modal verbs 情态动词transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式the participle 分词the present participle现在分词the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式the gerund 动名词bare infinitive 不带to的不定式7．Tense 时态the present tense 一般现在时the past tense 一般过去时the future tense一般将来时the past future tense一般过去将来时the present continuous现在进行时the past continuous 过去进行时the future continuous 将来进行时the past future continuous过去将来进行时the present perfect 现在完成时the past perfect过去完成时the future perfect 将来完成时the past future perfect 过去将来完成时the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时8．Voice 语态、Mood 语气the passive voice 被动语态the active voice 主动语态the indicative mood 陈述语气the imperative mood 祈使语气the subjunctive mood 虚拟语气9．Classification of adverbs 副词的分类adverbs of place 地点副词adverbs of time 时间副词adverbs of degree程度副词adverbs of manner 方式副词adverbs of frequency频度副词relative adverbs 关系副词interrogative adverbs 疑问副词conjunctive adverbs连接副词10．Members of the sentence 句子成分the subject 主语the predicate 谓语the predicative 表语the object 宾语the attribute 定语the adverbial 状语the appositive 同位语independent elements 独立成分the direct object 直接宾语the indirect object 间接宾语parenthesis 插入语the double possessive 双重所有格the formal subject/object 形式主语/宾语subject complement 主语补足语object complement 宾语补足语11．Classification of sentences句子的分类declarative sentences 陈述句imperative sentences 祈使句exclamatory sentences感叹句interrogative sentences 疑问句general questions 一般疑问句special questions 特殊疑问句alternative questions选择疑问句disjunctive questions 反意疑问句tap questions 附加疑问句simple sentences 简单句compound sentences 复合句complex sentences 并列句elliptical sentences 省略句phrase 短语preposition phrases 介词短语infinitive phrases 不定式短语the question word 疑问词12．Clauses 从句main clauses 主句subject clauses 主语从句object clauses宾语从句direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语predicate clauses 谓语从句predicative clauses 表语从句attributive clauses定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句the antecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限定性定语从句appositive clauses同位语从句adverbial clauses状语从句adverbial clauses oftime/ place / cause / condition / degree / result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 时间/地点/原因/条件/程度/结果/让步/目的/比较/方式状语从句sentences of real condition真实条件句sentences of unreal condition 虚拟条件句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序full inversion 完全倒装partial inversion 部分倒装ellipsis 省略transformation of sentences 句型转换analysis of sentences 句子分析13. Punctuation 标点符号period/full stop 句号comma 逗号semicolon分号colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen连字号brackets 括号question mark 问号quotation marks 引号apostrophe 省略号14．The pronunciation of English 英语发音international phonetic国际音标the sounds of English 英语语音vowels 元音pure vowels 单元音diphthongs 双元音semi-vowel 半元音consonants 辅音nasal 鼻音plosive 爆破音fricative磨擦音affricate 破擦音voiced sounds浊音voiceless 清音length mark 长音符号stress 重读main stress 主重读音节secondary stress 次重读音节unstressed 非重读音节rhythm 节奏intonation 语调 a level pitch 平调rising tune 升调falling tune 降调。
大学英语语法术语大全
perfective aspect
完成体
voice
态
active voice
主动态
passive voice
（be-passive/get-passive/passive infinitive）
被动态
(be型/get型被动态/不定式被动态)
mood
式
indicative mood
陈述式
statement(declarative sentence)陈述句
完全句
minor sentece
不完全句
compound sentence
并列句
compound-complex sentence
并列复杂句
clause element
分句成分
basic clause type
分句基本类型
subject
（compound subject）
主语
(并列主语)
predicate
tense
时
person
人称
number
数
non-finite verb phrase
非限定动词词组
premodifier
前置修饰语
postmodifier
后置修饰语
complementation
补足成分
independent clause
独立分句
dependent clause
从属分句
simple clause
concord/agreement
一致
subject-verb agreement
主动一致/主谓一致
grammatical concord
语法一致原则
英语语法术语汇总 中英对照
英语语法术语汇总中英对照英语语法术语汇总中英对照1. Noun 名词2. Pronoun 代词3. Verb 动词4. Adverb 副词5. Adjective 形容词6. Preposition 介词7. Conjunction 连词8. Interjection 感叹词9. Subject 主语10. Predicate 谓语11. Object 宾语12. Direct object 直接宾语13. Indirect object 间接宾语14. Subject complement 主语补语15. Object complement 宾语补语16. Complement 补语17. Phrase 短语18. Clause 从句19. Independent clause 独立从句20. Dependent clause 依从从句21. Simple sentence 简单句22. Compound sentence 复合句23. Complex sentence 复杂句24. Compound-complex sentence 复合复杂句25. Active voice 主动语态26. Passive voice 被动语态27. Present tense 现在时28. Past tense 过去时29. Future tense 将来时30. Present perfect tense 现在完成时31. Past perfect tense 过去完成时32. Future perfect tense 将来完成时33. Simple present tense 简单现在时34. Simple past tense 简单过去时35. Simple future tense 简单将来时36. Present progressive tense 现在进行时37. Past progressive tense 过去进行时38. Future progressive tense 将来进行时39. Present perfect progressive tense 现在完成进行时40. Past perfect progressive tense 过去完成进行时41. Future perfect progressive tense 将来完成进行时42. Conditional sentence 条件句43. Zero conditional sentence 零条件句44. First conditional sentence 一般条件句45. Second conditional sentence 虚拟条件句46. Third conditional sentence 过去虚拟条件句47. Imperative mood 祈使语气48. Subjunctive mood 虚拟语气49. Infinitive 不定式50. Gerund 动名词51. Participle 分词52. Present participle 现在分词53. Past participle 过去分词54. Relative clause 关系从句55. Defining relative clause 定语从句56. Non-defining relative clause 非限制性定语从句57. Compound relative pronoun 复合关系代词58. Indefinite pronoun 不定代词59. Reflexive pronoun 反身代词60. Demonstrative pronoun 指示代词61. Interrogative pronoun 疑问代词62. Relative pronoun 关系代词63. Possessive pronoun 物主代词64. Indefinite article 不定冠词65. Definite article 定冠词。
(英语专业)常用英语语法术语
陈述语气
Indicative mood
祈使语气
Imperative mood
虚拟语气
Subjunctive mood
二十二、语序order
倒桩语序
Inversion
全部倒桩
Full inversion
部分倒桩
Partial inversion
二十三、一致agreement
主谓一致
Subject-predicate agreement
语法一致
Grammatical agreement
概念一致
Notional agreement
就近原则
Principle of proximity
将来完成时
Future perfect tense
现在进行时
Present continuous tense
过去进行时
Past continuous tense
将来进行时
Future continuous tense
二十、语态voice
主动语态
Active voice
被动语态
Passive voice
主语
Subject
谓语
Predicate
宾语
Object
补语
Complement
主补
Subject complement
宾补
Object complement
表语
Predicative
定语
Attribute
同位语
Appositive
状语
adverbial
十六、句法关系syntactic relationship
英语语法专业术语整理
语态（Voice）主动态（Active voice）被动态（passive voice）be-型被动态（Be-passive）主动句（active sentence）被动句（passive sentence）不定式被动态（passive infinitive）get-型被动态（get-passive）操作词（operator）保留宾语（retained object）虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）陈述式（indicative mood）祈使式（imperative mood）虚拟式（subjunctive mood）陈述句（statement）疑问句（question）假设意义（hypothetical meaning）非事实意义（non-factual meaning）条件句（conditional）含蓄条件句（implied condition）be-型虚拟式（be-subjunctive）were-型虚拟式（were-subjunctive）推测性（epistemic）非推测性（non-epistemic）不定式（infinitive）-ing分词（-ing participle）-ed分词（-ed participle）非限定分句（non-finite clause）时（tense）人称（person）数（number）体（aspect）态（voice）一般形式（to write）进行体形式（to be writing）完成体形式（to be written）完成进行体形式（to have been writing）带to不定式（to-infinitive）不带to不定式（bare infinitive）边际情态助动词（marginal modal auxiliary）情态成语（modal idiom）排比结构（parallel construction）分裂不定式（split infinitive）深层结构（deep structure）动态形容词（dynamic adjective）静态形容词（stative adjective）逻辑主语（logical subject）非限定分句（non-finite clause）不定式分句（infinitive clause）-ing分词分句（-ing participle clause）-ed分词分句（-ed participle clause）评状性状语（disjunct）近似并列连词（quasi-coordinator）独立结构（absolute construction）现在分词（present participle）动名词（gerund）逻辑主语（logical subject）无动词分词（verbless clause）过去分词（past participle）前置修饰语（premodifier）主语补语（subject complement）宾语补语（object complement）悬垂分词（dangling participle）无依着分词（unattached participle）依着法则（attachment rule）单词形容词（one-word adjective）复合形容词（compound adjective）中心形容词（central adjective）外围形容词（peripheral adjective）动态形容词（dynamic adjective）静态形容词（stative adjective）等级形容词（gradable adjective）非等级形容词（non-gradable adjective）状语（adverbial）连接副词（conjunctive adverb）简单副词（simple adverb）派生副词（derivative adverb）方式副词（adverb of manner）程度副词（adverb of degree）时间副词（adverb of time）频度副词（adverb of frequency）地点副词（adverb of place）连接副词（conjunctive adverb）解说副词（explanatory adverb）分句成分（clause element）状语（adverbial）修饰性状语（adjunct）评注性状语（disjunct）连接性状语（conjunct）可等级的（gradable）原级（positive/absolute degree）比较级（comparative degree）最高级（superlative degree）综合形式（synthetic form）分析形式（analytic form）比较结构（comparative construction）可等级名词（gradable noun）分析性语言（analytic language）固定的词序（word order）简单介词（simple preposition）复杂介词（complex preposition）双词介词（two-word preposition）三词介词（three-word preposition）四词介词（four-word preposition）陈述句（statement）疑问句（question；interrogative sentence）一般疑问号（general question）特色疑问句（special question）选择疑问句（alternative question）附加疑问句（tag question）是非问句（yes-no question）非肯定句（non-assertive word）肯定词（assertive word）非肯定词（non-assertive word）否定词（negative word）选择疑问句（alternative question）附加问句（question tag）祈使句（command；imperative sentence）感叹句（exclamation；exclamatory sentence）强调词（emphasizer）强调附加结构（reinforcement tag）双重否定（double negative）修辞疑问句（rhetorical question）操作词（operator）调核（nucleus）调型（intonation pattern）低降调（low fall）高降调（high fall）低升调（low rise）降升调（fall rise）半否定词（semi-negative）动词祈使式（imperative mood）呼语（vocative）存在句（existential sentence）实义主语（notional subject）真主语（real subject）地点状语（locative adverbial）时间状语（temporal adverbial）复杂存在句（complex existential sentence）非限定存在句（non-finite existential sentence）述位（rheme）非指代性it（non-referring it）先行项（antecedent）否定范围（scope of negation）否定焦点（focus of negation）转移否定（transferred negation）双重否定（double negation）局部否定（local negation）多余否定（pleonastic；superfluous negation）并列连词（coordinator）并列结构（coordinate structure）并列句（compound sentence）不带连词的并列结构（asyndetic coordination）带连词的并列结构（syndetic coordination）并列连词（coordinator）关联并列连词（correlative coordinator）近似并列连词（quasi-coordinator）从属连词（subordinator）复杂介词（complex preposition）排比（parallelism）从属（subordination）从属结构（subordinate construction）简单从属连词（simple subordinator）复杂从属连词（complex subordinator）关联从属连词（correlative subordinator）边际从属连词（marginal subordinator）单词从属连词（one-word subordinator）名词性关系分句（nominal relative clause）状语分句（depictive adverbial）时间状语分句（adverbial clause of time）地点状语分句（adverbial clause of place）方式状语分句（adverbial clause of manner）原因状语分句（adverbial clause of cause）结果状语分句（adverbial clause of result）目的状语分句（adverbial clause of purpose）条件状语分句（adverbial clause of condition）让步状语分句（adverbial clause of concession）伴随状况状语分句（adverbial clause of accompanying circumstances）独立结构（absolute construction）真实条件句（real conditional）基本形式（basic form）变体形式（variant form）替换形式（alternative form）非真实条件句（unreal conditional）关系分句（relative clause）定语从句（attributive clause）限制性关系分句（restrictive relative clause）非限制性关系分句（non-restrictive relative clause）关系限定词（relative determiner）双重关系分句（double relative clause）嵌入式关系分句（embedded relative clause；pushdown relative clause）。
(完整版)英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech noun 名词verb动词conjunction 连词词类pronoun 代词adverb 副词interjection 惋惜词numeral 数词article冠词particle 小品词adjective 形容词preposition介词2. Word building conversion 转变suffix 后缀构词法derivation派生compound words 合成词affixation词缀法prefix前缀3． Classification of nouns名词的分类common nouns一般名词individual nouns 个体名词material nouns 物质名词countable nouns 可数名词the singular form 单数形式the common case一般格the subjective case主格person 人称proper nouns 专有名词collective nouns 会集名词abstract nouns 抽象名词uncountable nouns不可以数名词the plural form 复数形式the possessive case所有格the objective case 宾格third person singular 第三人称单数4. Classification of pronouns代词的分类personal pronouns 人称代词self pronouns 反身代词interrogative pronouns 疑问代词relative pronouns 关系代词indefinite pronouns 不定代词possessive pronouns物主代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词5．数词、形容词、冠词cardinal numerals 基数词fractional numerals 分数词the superlative degree最高等the indefinite article不定冠词ordinal numerals 序数词the comparative degree比较级The definite article 定冠词6．Classification of verbs动词的分类national verbs 实义动词auxiliary verbs 助动词transitive verbs 及物动词regular verbs 规则动词the present forms 现在式the participle 分词the past participle 过去分词the gerund 动名词link-verbs 系动词modal verbs神情动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词irregular verbs 不规则动词the past forms 过去式the present participle现在分词the infinitive 不定式bare infinitive 不带 to 的不定式7．Tense 时态the present tense一般现在时the future tense一般将来时the present continuous现在进行时the future continuous 将来进行时the present perfect 现在完成时the future perfect 将来完成时the past tense 一般过去时the past future tense一般过去将来时the past continuous 过去进行时the past future continuous过去将来进行时the past perfect过去完成时the past future perfect 过去将来完成时the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时8．Voice 语态、 Mood 语气the passive voice 被动语态the indicative mood 陈述语气the subjunctive mood 虚假语气the active voice 主动语态the imperative mood 祈使语气9．Classification of adverbs副词的分类adverbs of place 地点副词adverbs of time 时间副词adverbs of degree程度副词adverbs of manner 方式副词adverbs of frequency频度副词relative adverbs 关系副词interrogative adverbs 疑问副词conjunctive adverbs连接副词10． Members of the sentence 句子成分the subject 主语the predicate 谓语the predicative 表语the object the attribute 定语the adverbial 状语the appositive 同位语independent elements独立成分the direct object 直接宾语the indirect object 间接宾语parenthesis 插入语the double possessive 双重所有格the formal subject/object 形式主语subject complement 主语补足语object complement宾语补足语宾语/宾语11． Classification of sentences句子的分类declarative sentences陈述句exclamatory sentences惋惜句general questions 一般疑问句alternative questions选择疑问句 tap questions 附加疑问句compound sentences复合句elliptical sentences 省略句infinitive phrases 不定式短语imperative sentences 祈使句interrogative sentences 疑问句special questions 特别疑问句disjunctive questions 反意疑问句simple sentences简单句complex sentences并列句phrase 短语preposition phrases 介词短语the question word 疑问词12．Clauses 从句 mainclauses 主句 object clauses宾语从句subject clauses 主语从句direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语predicate clauses谓语从句predicative clauses 表语从句attributive clauses定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句the antecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限制性定语从句appositive clauses同位语从句adverbial clauses状语从句adverbial clauses oftime/ place / cause / condition / degree/ result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 条件 / 程度 / 结果 / 退步 / 目的 / 比较 / 方式状语从句sentences of real condition 真实条件句sentences of unreal condition 虚假条件句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序full inversion 完满倒装partial inversion 部分倒装ellipsis 省略transformation of sentences句型变换analysis of sentences句子解析13. Punctuation标点符号period/full stop 句号comma逗号semicolon 分号colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen 连字号brackets 括号question mark问号quotation marks引号apostrophe 省略号14．The pronunciation of English英语发音international phonetic 国际音标the sounds of English 英语语音vowels 元音pure vowels 单元音diphthongs 双元音semi-vowel 半元音consonants 辅音nasal 鼻音plosive 爆破音fricative 磨擦音affricate 破擦音voiced sounds浊音voiceless 清音length mark 长音符号stress 重读main stress 主重读音节secondary stress次重读音节unstressed 非重读音节rhythm 节奏rising tune 升调intonationfalling tune语调降调a level pitch平调。
英语语法词汇
英语语法专业术语表达1. Morphology 词法2. Notional Words 实义词3. Form Words 虚词4. Parts of Speech 词类5. The Noun 名词6. The Pronoun 代词7. The Numeral 数词8. The Verb 动词9. The Adjective 形容词10. The Adverb 副词11. The Article 冠词12. The Preposition 介词13. The conjunction连词14. The Interjection 感叹词16. Word Building 构词法18. Derivation 派生20. Prefix 前缀21. Suffix 后缀22. Compound Words 合成词23. Classification of Nouns名词的分类24. Common Nouns 普通名词25. Proper Nouns 专有名词26. Countable Nouns 可数名词27. Uncountable Nouns不可数名词28. The Singular Form 单数形式29. The Plural Form 复数形式30. Individual Nouns个体名词31. Collective Nouns集体名词32. Material Nouns物质名词33. Abstract Nouns抽象名词34. The Common Case普通格35. The Possessive Case所有格36. Personal Pronouns 人称代词37. Possessive Pronouns物主代词38. Self Pronouns反身代词39. Demonstrative Pronouns指示代词40 .Interrogative Pronouns疑问代词41.Conjunctive Pronoun连接代词42. Relative Pronouns关系代词43. Indefinite Pronouns不定代词44. Reciprocal Pronoun相互代词45. The Subjective Case主格46. The Objective Case宾格47. Cardinal Numerals基数词48. Ordinal Numerals 序数词49. Fractional Numerals分数词50．Notional Verbs实意动词51. Link Verbs连系动词52. Auxiliary Verbs助动词53. Modal Verbs情态动词54. Transitive Verbs及物动词55. Intransitive Verbs不及物动词56. Regular Verbs规则动词57. Irregular Verbs不规则动词58. Person人称59. Number数60. Tense时态61. Voice语态62. Mood语气63. The Principle Forms of Verbs动词的主要形式64. The Present Forms 现在式65. 动词的非谓语形式The Non-finite Forms of the Verb66. The Participle分词67. The Past Forms过去式68. The Past Participle过去分词69. The Infinitive不定式70. The Gerund动名词71. 一般现在时The Simple Present Tense72. 一般过去时The Simple Past Tense73. The Simple Future Tense一般将来时74. The Past Future Tense一般过去将来时75. The Present Continuous Tense现在进行时76. The Past Continuous Tense过去进行时77. The Future Continuous Tense将来进行时78. The Present Perfect Tense现在完成时79. The Future Perfect Tense将来完成时80.The Present Perfect Continuous现在完成进行时80. The Sequence of Tenses时态的呼应82. The Active Voice主动语态83. The Passive Voice被动语态84. The Indicative Mood陈述语气85. The Imperative Mood祈使语气86.The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气87. Sentences of Real Condition真实条件句88. Sentences of Unreal Condition虚拟条件句89. Degrees of Comparison比较的级别90.The Comparative Degree比较级91. The Superlative Degree最高级92. Adverbs of Time时间副词93. Adverbs of Place地点副词94. Adverbs of Manner方式副词95. Adverbs of Degree程度副词96.Adverbs of Frequency频度副词97. Relative Adverbs关系副词98. Conjunctive Adverbs连接副词99. Interrogative Adverbs疑问副词100. The Definite Article定冠词101. The Indefinite Article不定冠词102. Coordinating Conjunctions并列连词103. Subordinating Conjunctions从属连词104. Syntax句法105. The Sentence句子106. The Subject主语107. Members of the Sentence句子成分108. The Predicate谓语109. The Object宾语110. The Predicative表语111. The Attributive定语112. The Adverbial (Modifier)状语113. The Appositive 同位语114. Declarative Sentence陈述句115. Imperative Sentence祈使句116. Exclamatory Sentence感叹句117. Interrogative Sentence疑问句118. General Question一般问句119. Special Question特殊问句120. Alternative Question选择问句121.Disjunctive Question反意问句122. Simple Sentence简单句123. Compound Sentence并列句124. Complex Sentence复合句125. Compound Complex Sentence 并列复合句126. Simple Predicate简单谓语127. The Compound Predicate复合谓语128. 表行为的复合谓语The Compound Verbal Predicate129. 表性状的复合谓语The Compound Nominal Predicate130. The Direct Object直接宾语131. The Indirect Object间接宾语132.The Complex Object复合宾语133. The Cognate Object同源宾语134. Independent Elements独立成分135. Direct Speech直接引语136. Parenthesis插入语137. Inserted Elements插入成分138. Indirect Speech间接引语139. The Nominative Absolute独立主格140. Phrases短语141. Participial Phrases分词短语142. Prepositional Phrases介语短语143.Infinitive Phrases不定式短语144.Infinitive Phrases不定式短语145. Phrasal Verbs短语动词146. Subordinate Clause从句147. Main Clauses主句148. Subject Clause主语从句149. Object Clause宾语从句150. Attributive Clause定语从句151. Predicative Clause表语从句152. Appositive Clause同位语从句153. Adverbial Clause状语从句154. Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句155. Adverbial Clause of Place地点状语从句156. Adverbial Clause of Cause原因状语从句157. 条件状语从句Adverbial Clause of Condition158. Adverbial Clause of Degree(Result) 结果状语从句159. 让步状语从句Adverbial Clause of Concession160. Adverbial Clause of Purpose目的状语从句161. 比较状语从句Adverbial Clause of Comparison162. Adverbial Clause of Manner方式状语从句163. Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句164. 非限制性定语从句Non-restrictive Attributive Clause165. Limiting Attributes限制性定语166.Natural Word-order自然语序167. Inversion倒装168. Full Inversion完全倒装169. Partial Inversion部分倒装170. Ellipsis省略171. Transformation of Sentences句子的转换172. Analysis of Sentences句子分析173. Punctuation标点符号174. Period (Full Stop)句号175. Question Mark问号176. Exclamation Mark感叹号177. Comma逗号178. Semicolon分号179. Colon冒号180. Quotation Marks引号181. Brackets括号182. Angle Brackets角括号183. Parentheses (curves)圆括号184. Square Brackets方括号185. Brace大括号186. Dash破折号187. Hyphen连字符188. Apostrophe省略号189. Slant斜线号190. Asterisk星号191. Parallels 平行号。
英语专业英语语法术语
英语专业英语语法术语1.形容词（adjective）形容词，用来描述人或事物，可描述外貌，颜色，大小或其他方面。
例如: A tall woman; She has brown eyes: My gloves are wet.2.副词（adverb）副词，用来表示某事在何时、何地、如何发生。
例如：See you tomorrow; He spoke slowly；I want to get down3.助动词（auxiliary verb）助动词，在完成时态和进行时态中，或疑问句、否定式和被动式中，与助动词和其他动词连用。
英语中主要的助动词有be, have 和do.例如: Is it snowing? I have never been to Washington; we don’t have a computer at home。
情态动词也属于助动词。
4.分句（clause）分句，指有一个动词的一组词。
有些句子只有一个分句。
例如: I fell asleep。
有些句子含有不止一个分句。
例如：When I told him, he laughed; I want to go but I feel too ill.5.比较级（comparative）形容词或副词比较级形式，由在其结尾加“er“或前面加“more”构成。
例如：taller，more beautiful, more carefully.6.连词（conjunction）连词，如and, but, if. since，连接两个单词或两个句子。
例如：I enjoyed my holiday, but it wasn’t long enough,；James and Ewan came to theparty, If you miss your bus, you’ll have to walk home .7.可数名词（countable noun）可数名词，指可以计数的名词，可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
英语基础语法和词汇
英语基础语法和词汇一、基础语法。
1. 名词（noun，[naʊn]）- 定义：表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念等的名称。
- 分类：- 可数名词（countable noun）：有单复数形式，如book（[bʊk]） - books。
- 不可数名词（uncountable noun）：没有复数形式，如water（['wɔːt ə]），milk（[mɪlk]）。
- 名词所有格：- 表示所属关系，有's形式，如Tom's book（汤姆的书）。
2. 动词（verb，[vɜːb]）- 定义：表示动作或状态。
- 分类：- 及物动词（transitive verb，[ˈtrænzətɪv vɜːb]）：后面必须跟宾语，如I love apples（我爱苹果），“love”是及物动词，“apples”是宾语。
- 不及物动词（intransitive verb，[ɪnˈtrænzətɪv vɜːb]）：后面不跟宾语，如He runs fast（他跑得快），“runs”是不及物动词。
- 动词的时态：- 一般现在时：表示经常或习惯性的动作或状态。
主语为第三人称单数时，动词要加 -s或 -es，如He likes reading（他喜欢阅读）。
- 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动词一般加 -ed （规则动词），如I played football yesterday（我昨天踢足球了）。
- 一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，结构为will+动词原形或be going to+动词原形，如He will go to school tomorrow（他明天将去上学）。
3. 形容词（adjective，[ˈædʒɪktɪv]）- 定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。
- 位置：一般放在名词前面，如a beautiful flower（一朵美丽的花），“beautiful”（[ˈbjuːtɪfl]）是形容词，修饰“flower”。
英语专业 语法术语
double negation 双重否定 downtoner 弱化词 dynamic verb 动态动词
E earlier time 先时性 -ed participle clause -ed分词分句 ellipsis 省略 emphasizer 强化词 end focus 句尾焦点 end weight 句尾重心 exclamation 感叹句 existential sentence 存在句 explanatory conditional 解说性条件句 external 复杂分句 complex object 复杂宾语 complex sentence 复杂句 compound complex sentence 并列复杂句 compound sentence 并列句 compound word 复合词 coherence 连贯性 cohesion 粘着性 conditional 条件句 conjunct 连接性状语，连接性附加语 conjunction 连词 content word 实义词 contextual meaning 上下文意义 coreference pro-form 指代词 coordination 并列 countable noun 可数名词 coreference 共指关系 count noun 计数名词
fall 降调 fall-rise 降升调 feminine gender 阴性 finite clause 限定分句 finite verb 限定动词 finite verb phrase 限定动词词组 first person 第一人称 focal element 焦点成分 form 形 free morpheme 自由词素 fronting 前置 full sentence 完全句 functional word 功能词 future in the past 过去将来时间
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英语语法术语词汇
从句 clause
从属句 subordinate clause
并列句 coordinate clause
名词从句 nominal clause
定语从句 attributive clause
状语从句 adverbial clause
宾语从句 object clause
主语从句 subject clause
同位语从句 appositive clause
时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time
地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place
方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner
让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession
原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause
结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result
目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose
条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition
真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 句子 sentence
简单句 simple sentence
并列句 compound sentence
复合句 complex sentence
并列复合句 compound complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence
疑问句 interrogative sentence
一般疑问句 general question
特殊疑问句 special question
选择疑问句 alternative question
附加疑问句 tag question
反义疑问句 disjunctive question
修辞疑问句 rhetorical question
感叹疑问句 exclamatory question
存在句 existential sentence
肯定句 positive sentwence
否定句 negative sentence
祈使句 imperative sentence
省略句 elliptical sentence
感叹句 exclamatory sentence
基本句型 basic sentence patern
句子成分 members of sentences
主语 subject
谓语 predicate
宾语 object
双宾语 dual object
直接宾语 direct object
间接宾语 indirect object
复合宾语 complex object
同源宾语 cognate object
补语 complement
主补 subject complement
宾补 object complement
表语 predicative
定语 attribute
同位语 appositive
状语 adverbial人称 person
第一人称 first person
第二人称 second person
第三人称 third person
时态 tense
过去将来时 past future tense
过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense
一般现在时 present simple tense
一般过去时 past simple tense
一般将来时 future simple tense
现在完成时 past perfect tense
过去完成时 present perfect tense
将来完成时 future perfect tense
现在进行时 present continuous tense
过去进行时 past continuous tense
将来进行时 future continuous tense
过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense
现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense
语态 voice
主动语态 active voice
被动语态 passive voice
语气 mood
陈述语气 indicative mood
祈使语气 imperative mood
虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
否定 negation
否定范围 scope of negation
全部否定 full negation
局部否定 partial negation
转移否定 shift of negation
语序 order
自然语序 natural order
倒装语序 inversion
全部倒装 full inversion
部分倒装 partial inversion
直接引语 direct speech
间接引语 indirect speech
自由直接引语 free direct speech
自由间接引语 free indirect speech
一致 agreement
主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement
概念一致 notional agreement
就近原则 principle of proximity。