施心远主编听力教程3-(第2版)Unit-2答案
施心远_《听力教程》3_第2版_Unit3答案
施心远_《听力教程》3_第2版_Unit3答案Unit 3Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Spot DictationWildlifeEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3) poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4) pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas.The tropical rain (6) forests which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate - and on our agriculture and food(10) supplies - will be disastrous.(11) Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12) World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14) from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is alarge (15) internationa l organization. It has raised over (16)￡35 million for (17) conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in (18) five continents. It has helped 30 (19) mammals and birds - including the tiger -to (20) survive.Part 2 Listening for GistMrs. Bates: Hullo. Is that Reception? .Reception: Yes, madamMrs. Bates: This is Mrs. Bates. Room 504. I sent some clothes to the laundry this morning, two of my husband's shirts and three of my blouses. But they're not back yet. You see,we're leaving early tomorrow morning. Reception: Just a moment, madam. I'll put you through to the housekeeper.Housekeeper: Hullo. Housekeeper.Mrs. Bates: Oh, hullo. This is ... I'm phoning from Room 504. It's about some clothes I sent to the laundry this morning.They're not back yet and you see ... Housekeeper: They are, madam. You'll find them in your wardrobe.They're in the top drawer on the left.Mrs. Bates: Oh, I didn't look in the wardrobe. Thank you very much. Sorry to trouble you.Housekeeper: That's quite all right. Goodbye.Mrs. Bates: Goodbye.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1)This dialogue is about making an inquiry about the laundry.2)The key words are reception. laundry. shirts. blouses. wardrobe.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueA UN InterpreterInterviewer: ... so perhaps you could tell us how exactly you became so proficient at language learning, Suzanne. Suzanne: Well, I think it all started with a really fortunate accident of birth.You know I was born in Lausanne*,Switzerland; my father was Swiss-French Swiss and mymother was American, so, of course, we spoke bothlanguages at home and I grew up bilingual. Then, ofcourse, I learnt German at school - in Switzerland that'snormal. And because I was already fluent in English, mysecond language at school was Italian. So I had a realhead start (有利的开端)!Interviewer: So that's ... one, two, three, four - you had learnt fourlanguages by the time you left school? How fluent wereyou?Suzanne: Urn, I was native speaker standard in French and English, but I'd become a bit rusty* in German and my Italian was only school standard. I decided the best option was tostudy in the UK, and I did Hispanic Studies at university,studying Spanish and Portuguese, with some Italian, andliving in Manchester. Then I went to live in Brazil for twoyears, teaching English.Interviewer: So by this time you must have been fluent in six languages?Suzanne: Nearly. My Italian wasn't perfect, but I had a boyfriend from Uruguay* while I was there, so my Spanish also became pretty good!Interviewer: And then what did you do?Suzanne: When I was 25 I came back to Switzerland, went to an interpreters' school and then got a job in the United Nations when I was 28.Interviewer: And you've been there ever since?Suzanne: Not quite. In the first few months I met Jan, a Czechinterpreter, who became my husband. We went to live in Prague in 1987 and that was where I learnt Czech.Interviewer: And the eighth language?Suzanne: Well, unfortunately the marriage didn't last; I was very upset and I decided to take a long break. I went to Japan on holiday, got a job and stayed for two years, which waswhen I learnt Japanese.Interviewer: That's amazing! And now you're back at the United Nations?Suzanne: Yes. Well, I never really left. I carried on doing work for them when I was in Prague - some in Prague, some in Austria and Switzerland, and I took a "sabbatical*" towork in Japan. They need people who can understandJapanese. But, yes, I've been back with them full-time fortwo years now.Interviewer: And your plans for the future?Suzanne: I'm going to learn more Oriental languages. It was sucha challenge learning Japanese - it's so different from allthe others. So I'll spend another two or three years herewith the UN full-time, during which time I hope to get asubstantial promotion, then I think I'll go back and learnKorean, or perhaps Chinese, and Thai - I'd love to learnThai. And then, perhaps an Indian language. Whatever, Iwant to be fluent in another three or four languagesbefore 45.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9. T 10. FPart 2 PassageThe Clyde RiverRunning through one of Britain's biggest manufacturing centers, Glasgow, the Clyde River* was poisoned for more than a century by the fetid* byproducts of industry.The waterway bore the brunt of(首当其冲)Glasgow's economic success during the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as pollution and chemicals destroyed its fish and wildlife populations and brewed smells whose memory still makes residents wince*. Now, with heavy industry gone and Glasgow reconceived as a center for culture and tourism, the Clyde is coming back to life.For the first time since the late 1800s, its native salmon have returned in sizable numbers, reflecting the new cleanliness of a river that was once one of Britain's filthiest.The Clyde River Foundation surveyed fish populations last autumn at 69 sites in the Clyde and its tributaries, and found salmon in seven of the nine major tributaries.The migratory fish, which vanished from the Clyde around 1880 after a long decline, first reappeared in the 1980s, but last year's survey was the first to show they've come back in healthy numbers.Although commercial salmon fishing was never widespread on the Clyde, the fish's return is symbolically important for Glasgow, where salmon were once so important to the city's identity that two are pictured on its official coat of arms.The salmon's comeback is also a sign of big improvements to water quality. Like sea trout, which have also reappeared in the Clyde system in recent years, salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated*water to thrive.The decline of Glasgow's main industries helped boost the fortunes of a river that was essentially fishless for decades during the worst periods of pollution.The closure of factories that had poured toxins* and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly. Environmental regulators also lightened dumping rules, and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul* smells that once tainted* the air.With worries rising about the environmental impact of enormous fish farms elsewhere in Scotland and severely depleted fish stocks in the North Sea and North Atlantic, the Clyde comeback is a rare bit of good news for Scotland's fish lovers.Since the area that is now Glasgow was first settled around the year 550, the Clyde has been central to its history.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. Later, during the Industrial Revolution that began in the late 1700s, Glasgow became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular touristdestination.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionRivers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1)Salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated water to thrive.2)The closure of factories that had poured toxins and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plant s（污水处理厂）helped eliminate some of the foul smells.3)The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s.4)The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.5)When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation（社会剥夺）and rough streets.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. AExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss thefollowing questions.1)The Clyde's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.2)(Open)Section Three :NewsNews Item 1Governments Ban Nine Of The World's Most HazardousChemicalsUN Environment Program Executive Director Achim Steiner calls the agreement historic. He says the nine chemicals that have joined the list of Persistent Organic Pollutants, or POPS, are extremely harmful to the environment and to health.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.These nine toxic chemicals will join the Stockholm Convention's original list of 12 Persistent Organic Pollutants, referred to as the "dirty dozen."The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and theunborn.A esicrexEDirections: Listen to the news item and complete the su mmary. This news item is about a ban of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals.A esicrexEx Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.UN environment Program Executive welcomed the agreement to ban the production of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals that are extremely harmful to the environment and to health. These substances will join a list of 12 other so-called persistent organic pollutants, or POPS, that are prohibited under an international treaty known as the Stockholm Convention.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people,farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.News Item2World Climate Conference to Focus on Adaptation to Climate ChangeScientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of theyear will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud (世界气象组织秘书长贾侯)says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes.Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions on climate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened.The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about an appeal for global cooperation to deal with climate change.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1)Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades.2)A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.3)Countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate.4)Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.5)Global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events.6)Weather observation networks must be strengthened.7)Even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa.News Item3Scientists have warned that the Great Barrier Reef - which stretches for more than 2,500 kilometers down Australia's northeast coast - is likely to bear the brunt of warmer ocean temperatures.A major concern has been the bleaching of coral, where the sensitive marine organisms wither under environmental stress caused by increased water temperature, pollution or sedimentation. An unexpected discovery at the southern end of the reef has provided some rare good news for researchers.Researchers found that coral in the Keppel Islands offQueensland, which was damaged by bleaching in 2006 and then smothered by seaweed that overgrew the reef, has managed to repair itself.Experts say to see reefs bounce back from mass coral bleaching in less than a decade is highly unusual.Like other coral systems, the Great Barrier Reef is facing a range of environmental threats. Scientists say their capacity to recovery from damage inflicted by warmer waters, for example, will be critical to its future health.The Great Barrier Reef is one of Australia's premier tourist attractions. It covers an area bigger than Britain and is the largest living structure on earth and the only one visible from space.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about the Great Barrier Reef.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l. T 2. F 3. T 4.F 5. T 6. TSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1Feature ReportSydney Ready for Big Switch Off as Earth Hour Goes Global Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in dimming their lights as part of Earth Hour.The global event has been endorsed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted. Mr. Ban urged people everywhere to pressure their governments to take decisive action to cut carbon pollution.Organizers are hoping that up to a billion people from small villages in Namibia to sprawling cities in Asia will participate in an international effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.One of the architects of Earth Hour, Andy Ridley from theconservation group World Wildlife Fund (WWF), says the current financial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms."The global economic crisis has proved that we are a global community, so when America goes bad, we all go bad and climate change is going to be on a scale that is way, way beyond ourglobal economic crisis at the moment and we need to put in place the measures to a) slow that down and ideally halt it, b) be ready for economies that will have to change. So, the longer we procrastinate the more we pay the penalty so we need to move quickly," he said.Earth Hour was started by environmentalists in Sydney in 2007. It encourages households, businesses and governments to switch off all non-essential lights for 60 minutes in a show of unified concern for the health and future of the planet.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year, which hopes to establish a new U.N. climate treaty.However, critics of Earth Hour have insisted it is simply a symbolic gesture that will not affect significant environmental change.The event will officially begin on the international dateline in the remote Chatham Islands southeast of New Zealand and will conclude in Hawaii.Exercise A: Directions: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about a global event known as Earth Hour.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House ind imming their lights as part of Earth Hour.2.Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted./doc/dd1245122.html,anizers are hoping that up to a billion people will participate in an international effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.4.Andy Ridley, One of the architects of Earth Hour, says the current financial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms.5.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year.Part 2 PassageLab produces shape-shifting fruits and vegetables Many fruits and vegetables we know almost as much by their。
施心远听力教程2第二单元文本及答案
施心远听力教程2第二单元文本及答案Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics--Stress, Intonation and Accent1. Did you want tea without milk?With milk, please. (f)2. See you at ten past one.At five past one. (c)3. Where’s the newspaper?It’s on top of the bookcase . (e)4. Did you want tea with lemon?With milk, please. (b)5. I thought I put the newspaper on the bookcase.It’s on top of the bookcase. (a)6. See you at five to one.At five past one. (d)Part 2 Listening and Note-takingRalph NaderRalph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn’t have a car or a TV set. He doesn’t have many clothes and he doesn’t care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn’t smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled “Unsafe at Any Speed,”which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to make car safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was the quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers containedthe right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader’s efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise A: Listen to some sentences and fill in the blanks with the missing words.1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise B: Take notes and complete the following outline.Ralph NaderI. Ralph Nader, a man of few possessionsA. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment.B. He doesn’t have a car or a TV set.C. He doesn’t have many clothes.D. He doesn’t care about money.II. His early efforts to make car saferA. He talked about the dangers of car, and how bad car design caused thedeaths of so many people each year at parties.B. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled“Unsafe at Any speed”.C. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how manydeaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars.D. In 1966, because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to make car safer. III. His interests in something very differentA. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods likesausages and hamburgersB. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader’s efforts.a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.b. The second was to protect people from radiation.c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.IV. Ralph Nader, one of the most influential people in the United StatesA. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women cando to improve the quality of life in their country.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Give Them Time to Get to Know YouFather: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don’t know.Father: It couldn’t be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven’t any friends there? Father: No, that you haven’t got any friends.Daughter: But I’ve told you! They’re not very friendly there. They never talk to me! They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn’t it possible it’s because you’re not very friendly towards them? Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation? Daughter: I’ve told you! They’re not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in groups! Father: Yes, but why don’t you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don’t be silly. I couldn’t. It would be awful!Father: Why?Daughter: It just would. That’s all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you’ll never make friends if you don’t try, will you? I mean, you’ve got to meet them, too, at least half way.Daughter: It just wouldn’t work!Father: You know what I think. I think you’re just saying that because you’re impatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. If you don’t get what you want immediately, you get depressed and you give up too easily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you’d understand... Father: You’ve only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel...Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the Followings statements are true or false.1. T2. T3. F4. T5. T6. TDialogue 2 GesturesNumber 1Woman: You know, a “nod” -- moving your head up and down -- means “yes” in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means “no”?Man: It means “no” in Greece? I’m surprised.Number 2Man: I didn’t know “raised eyebrows”means “yes”in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. “Raised eyebrows” is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Number 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that “tapping your head” means “I’m thinking”in Argentina.Man: That’s right.Woman: You’d better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means “crazy” in Canada? I didn’t know that. I’ll be careful. Number 4Man: You know, it’s interesting that in the Netherlands, “tapping your elbow”means you can’t depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the same gesture, but it has a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn’t like to spend money. Woman: Oh.Number 5Woman: Here’s an interesting one. You know how “circling your head” means that a person’s crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone.Man: That’s interesting.Number 6Man: So “flicking your chin” means “go away” in Italy, right?Woman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don’t know.Man: That’s right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, “flicking your chin” means “I don’t know.”Woman: “I don’t know” is the meaning?Man: Right.Number 7Woman: Well, everything is “thumbs up” for my trip to Nigeria. I’ve never been to Africa before. I’m really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you’d better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: “Thumbs up.” In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning. Don’t use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Number 8Man: You said “tossing your head” means “come here” for Germans?Woman: That’s right. But there axe some other meanings. In India, it means “yes.” But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means "no."Man: Hmm, “yes” in India, “no” in Italy. Isn’t it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings?Woman: It sure is.Exercise: Listen to some short conversations and match each gesture and meaning with the country. There is one example given in the first line of the following chart.Part 2 PassageWhy Shouldn’t You Go by First Impressions?One shouldn’t always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kindand generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brother had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question*.Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travellers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, “Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I’m afraid we have a problem.”“A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?”“Would you like to come into the office?” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy.“Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.”“Er ...yes.” My brother explained the position.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. “Young man,” she said. “I don’t believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs. Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I’d like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General’s. In the circumstances I’d advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you’re going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?”A: Pre-listening questionWhy shouldn’t you go by first impression?Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn’t go by first impression.B: Choose the best answer.1. C2. C3. A4. B5. C6. D7. A8. BC: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. What did people who knew the giant man think of him?To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. What was the difficult task the narrator’s brother had recently?Recently the narrator’s brother, who works for a famous American airline, remembered the truth that the plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question.3. What do we know about the relationship between Mrs. Pepper and the airline? They had a very close relationship.4. What would the narrator’s brother probably do next time?Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.Part 3 NewsNews Item 1The simultaneous* bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are imprinted* on the minds of many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks are unreliable, according to a study from Portsmouth University. 40% of British students questioned about the events remembered seeing CCTV footage* of the bus bomb -- footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction.Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed.“Memories are not like videotape you can rewind and replay for perfect recall,”said lead researcher James Ost. “Because of this, they are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions.”A: Listen and summarize the news item.This news item is about the false memories that British people have about the attacks happened in London three years ago.B: Complete the following passage.The simultaneous bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London some years ago are well remembered by many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks cannot be trusted, according to a study from Portsmouth University. When questioned about the events 40% of British students remembered seeing CCTV(闭路监控) footage (片段) of the bus bomb——footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen anon-existent computerized reconstruction. Some even recalled specific details of the attack, which none of them witnessed. James Ost, the lead researcher, therefore concluded that memories are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions."News Item 2China begins three days of mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan province, with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.For three minutes a collective wail * was heard across the town of Beichuan as raid sirens* and car horns sounded the exact time when the earthquake hit China one week ago. Workers here laid wreaths* outside the town's school. At 2:28 in the afternoon, last Monday, it was engulfed* in a landslide*, hundreds of children died.To the side of the mourners, bodies lay waiting to be buried. Rescue work has resumed and two women were found alive here this morning, but these glimmer of hope are increasingly rare. The aftershocks* continue.A: Listen and summarize the news item.This news item is about the mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan, China.B: Listen again and answer the questions.1. How did the Chinese people mourn the earthquake victims?The Chinese mourning for earthquake victims with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.2. When did that strong earthquake occur?At 2: 28 in the afternoon, last Monday.3. How many children were killed in a landslide?Hundreds of children were killed in a landslide.4. What happened to the rescue work as time went by?The hope of finding more people alive were increasingly rare.5. Did the quake stop completely one week after the strong quake happened? No, aftershocks continue.News item 3Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday after a deadly bombing in Jakarta. At least 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by aUnited States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. The explosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.Exercise A:This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years.Exercise B:F 1. Indonesia is going to reduce security measures Wednesday.T 2. A fatal car bombing happened in Jakarta.F 3. At least 30 people were killed and 148 people were injured.F 4. The damaged hotel is run by a European country.T 5. Two days later an Indonesian court would rule the former bombing case in Bali.T 6. More than 200 people were killed in the attacks of Bali Island.Section Three Oral WorkRetellingAs Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hound ed by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion. As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it. Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, “Mother!” Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPassage 1College Costs in the U.S.A new report says the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased 14 percent this year. This is the biggest increase in tuition* in 30 years. But the study also found that the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education, because of grants*. And it points out that American students received a record amount of financial aid last year.Students do not have to repay grants, unlike financial aid in the form of loans. About half of American college students receive grants. This means that education costs differ from student to student.The report is from the College Board. This is a non-profit membership group of schools and other educational organizations. One of its best-known jobs is to administer* college entrance tests.The College Board says tuition at two-year public colleges rose at the same rate as four-year schools.The College Board says the increases were mainly caused by cuts in state spending on education. But a congressman says colleges have increased their prices in both good and bad economic times. John Baehner of Ohio is chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. He says colleges do not want to talk about their decisions to spend money to build things like rock-climbing walls.The College Board collected information from 4,000colleges and universities. It says the average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is 10,600dollars. While tuition rose 14percent this year, housing and other costs increased at a lower rate.At a private college, total charges are almost 27,000dollars. That is an increase of about six percent over last year.David Ward is president of the American Council on Education. His group represents colleges and universities. Mister Ward called the College Board findings bad news. But he says percentage increases in tuition do not tell the whole story. He says there was good news about grants and other student aid.The College Board says financial aid for the last school year reached 105,000 million dollars. That amount was up sharply from the year before.Exercise A:1. Because of grants, the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education.2. Two forms of financial aid for the students are grants and loans.3. When students receive loans, they have to repay them later.4. The increases in tuition are mainly caused by cuts in state spending on education.5. The total charge for the students who live at a college includes tuition, housing and other costs.Exercise B:l. This year the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased 14 percent.2. The average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is 10,600 dollars. While at a private college, total charges are almost 27,000 dollars.3. The above information is collected from 4,000 colleges and universities.4. It is said that this year’s increase in the cost of studies is the biggest one in 30 years.5. American students received a record amount of financial aid last year, which reached 105,000 million dollars.Passage 2My GrandfatherI opened the door. My Grandfather was in the front room. He was wearing the ceremonial beaded deerskin shirt which had belonged to his grandfather. “Welcome back,” he said.I embraced my parents warmly, letting go only when I saw my cousin Roger sprawled on the couch. His eyes were red and swollen. He’d lost weight. His feet were an unsightly mass of blood and blisters, and he was moaning: “I made it, see. I made it. I’m a warrior.”My grandfather looked at me strangely. I was clean, obviously well-fed, and radiantly healthy. My parents got the message. My uncle and aunt gazed at me with hostility.Finally my grandfather asked, “What did you eat to keep you so well?”I sucked in my breath and blurted* out the truth: “Hamburgers and milk shakes.”“Hamburgers!” my grandfather growled*.“Milk shakes!” Roger moaned.“You didn’t say we had to eat grasshoppers,” I said sheepishly.“Tell us all about your Ta-Na-E-Ka,” my grandfather commanded.I told them everything, from borrowing the five dollars, to Ernie’s kindness, to observing the beaver.“That’s not what I trained you for,” my grandfather said sadly.I stood up. “Grandfather, I learned that Ta-Na-E-Ka is important. I didn’t think so during training. I was scared stiff of it. I handled it my way. And I learned I had nothing to be afraid of. There’s no reaso n in 1947 to eat grasshoppers when you can eat a hamburger.”I was inwardly shocked at my own audacity*. “Grandfather, I’ll bet you never ate one of those rotten berries yourself.”Grandfather laughed!“Those berries -- they are terrible,” Grandfather admitted. “I could never swallow them. I found a dead deer on the first day of my Ta-Na-E-Ka -- shot by a soldier, probably -- and he kept my belly full for the entire period of the test!”My grandfather called me to Roger. “You should have done what you r cousin did. But I think you are more alert to what is happening to our people today than we are. I think you would have passed the test under any circumstances, in any time. Somehow, you know how to exist in a world that wasn’t made for Indians. I don’t think you’re going to have any trouble surviving.”A: Pre-listening questionWhat is Ta-Na-E-Ka? Could you tell us something about it?B: Choose the best answer.1. A2. B3. D4. C5. D6. B7. B8. DC: Listen and answer the questions.1. Where was her grandfather when the writer came back to the house?Her grandfather was in the front room.2. How was her cousin Roger when she met him there?He sprawled on the couch with red and swollen eyes. He lost weight, his feet being an unsightly mass of blood blisters. He was moaning.3. How was the writer when she had an experience of Ta-Na-E-Ka?She was clean, obviously well-fed, and radiantly healthy.4. How did her grandfather survive his Ta-Na-E-Ka?At that time, he found a dead deer on the first day of my Ta-Na-E-Ka. This deer might have been shot by a soldier, and it kept her grandfather’s belly fullfor the entire period of the test.5. What was her grandfather’s comment on her Ta-Na-E-Ka?The writer’s grandfather told her that she should have done what her cousin did. But he thought that she was more alert to what was happening to the people today than they were. He thought she would have passed the test under any circumstances, in any time. Somehow, she knew how to exist in a world that wasn’t made for Indians. He didn’t think she was going to have any trouble surviving.。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit(00002)
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-2答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7)missions.My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions. That (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being (19)filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20)edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airship s superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero- plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are you thinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. It costs £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-year guarantee.B: And the Fiat next to the Volkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs £13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights ’ StoryOn the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10 a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale （逆风） the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length ，and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second (转瞬间，顷刻) too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight. T £13,040 36m/g80m/hC £12,070 45m/g69m/hF£13,550VW £13,630 34m/g 90m/h M £12,830 38m/g V £15,850As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrights constructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials. Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia Dortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Golf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous,fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball Tournament The widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. While Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visitfriends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicitan avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flewa predetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to(开始考虑做) his maidenflight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times,including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* an avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxi driver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century,the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .1901,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's for dinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends during the day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff. (Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barros says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
施心远主编第二版第三册听力教程unit3答案(供)
Unit 3Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Spot DictationWildlifeEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3)poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4)pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas.The tropical rain (6)forests which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate- and on our agriculture and food (10)supplies- will be disastrous.(11)Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12)World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14) from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) international organization. It has raised over (16)￡35 million for (17)conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in (18) five continents. It has helped 30 (19) mammals and birds - including the tiger -to (20) survive.Part 2 Listening for GistMrs. Bates: Hullo. Is that Reception? .Reception: Yes, madamMrs. Bates: This is Mrs. Bates. Room 504. I sent some clothes to the laundry this morning, two of my husband's shirts and three ofmy blouses. But they're not back yet. You see, we're leavingearly tomorrow morning.Reception: Just a moment, madam. I'll put you through to the housekeeper.Housekeeper: Hullo. Housekeeper.Mrs. Bates: Oh, hullo. This is ... I'm phoning from Room 504. It's about some clothes I sent to the laundry this morning. They're notback yet and you see ...Housekeeper: They are, madam. You'll find them in your wardrobe.They're in the top drawer on the left.Mrs. Bates: Oh, I didn't look in the wardrobe. Thank you very much.Sorry to trouble you.Housekeeper: That's quite all right. Goodbye.Mrs. Bates: Goodbye.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1)This dialogue is about m aking an inquiry about the laundry.2)The key words are reception. laundry. shirts. blouses. wardrobe.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueA UN InterpreterInterviewer: ... so perhaps you could tell us how exactly you became so proficient at language learning, Suzanne.Suzanne: Well, I think it all started with a really fortunate accident of birth. You know I was born in Lausanne*, Switzerland; myfather was Swiss-F rench Swiss and my mother was American,so, of course, we spoke both languages at home and I grew upbilingual. Then, of course, I learnt German at school - inSwitzerland that's normal. And because I was already fluent inEnglish, my second language at school was Italian. So I had areal head start (有利的开端)!Interviewer: So that's ... one, two, three, four - you had learnt four languages by the time you left school? How fluent were you? Suzanne: Urn, I was native speaker standard in French and English, but I'd become a bit rusty* in German and my Italian was onlyschool standard. I decided the best option was to study in theUK, and I did Hispanic Studies at university, studying Spanishand Portuguese, with some Italian, and living in Manchester.Then I went to live in Brazil for two years, teaching English. Interviewer: So by this time you must have been fluent in six languages? Suzanne: Nearly. My Italian wasn't perfect, but I had a boyfriend from Uruguay* while I was there, so my Spanish also became prettygood!Interviewer: And then what did you do?Suzanne: When I was 25 I came back to Switzerland, went to aninterpreters' school and then got a job in the United Nationswhen I was 28.Interviewer: And you've been there ever since?Suzanne: Not quite. In the first few months I met Jan, a Czech interpreter, who became my husband. We went to live in Prague in 1987and that was where I learnt Czech.Interviewer: And the eighth language?Suzanne: Well, unfortunately the marriage didn't last; I was very upset and I decided to take a long break. I went to Japan on holiday,got a job and stayed for two years, which was when I learntJapanese.Interviewer: That's amazing! And now you're back at the United Nations?Suzanne: Yes. Well, I never really left. I carried on doing work for them when I was in Prague - some in Prague, some in Austria andSwitzerland, and I took a "sabbatical*" to work in Japan. Theyneed people who can understand Japanese. But, yes, I've beenback with them full-time for two years now.Interviewer: And your plans for the future?Suzanne: I'm going to learn more Oriental languages. It was such a challenge learning Japanese - it's so different from all the others.So I'll spend another two or three years here with the UNfull-time, during which time I hope to get a substantialpromotion, then I think I'll go back and learn Korean, orperhaps Chinese,and Thai - I'd love to learn Thai. And then,perhaps an Indian language. Whatever, I want to be fluent inanother three or four languages before 45.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9. T 10. FPart 2 PassageThe Clyde RiverRunning through one of Britain's biggest manufacturing centers, Glasgow, the Clyde River* was poisoned for m ore than a century bythe fetid* byproducts of industry.The waterway bore the brunt of(首当其冲)Glasgow's economic success during the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as pollution and chemicals destroyed its fish and wildlife populations and brewed smells whose memory still makes residents wince*. Now, with heavy industry gone and Glasgow reconceived as a center for culture and tourism, the Clyde is coming back to life.For the first time since the late 1800s, its native salmon have returned in sizable numbers, reflecting the new cleanliness of a riverthat was once one of Britain's filthiest.The Clyde River Foundation surveyed fish populations last autumnat 69 sites in the Clyde and its tributaries, and found salmon in sevenof the nine major tributaries.The migratory fish, which vanished from the Clyde around 1880 after a long decline, first reappeared in the 1980s, but last year's survey was the first to show they've come back in healthy numbers.Although commercial salmon fishing was never widespread on the Clyde, the fish's return is symbolically important for Glasgow, where salmon were once so important to the city's identity that two are pictured on its official coat of arms.The salmon's comeback is also a sign of big improvements to water quality. Like sea trout, which have also reappeared in the Clyde system inrecent years, salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated* water to thrive.The decline of Glasgow's main industries helped boost the fortunes of a river that was essentially fishless for decades during the worst periods of pollution.The closure of factories that had poured toxins* and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly. Environmental regulators also lightened dumping rules, and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul* smells that once tainted* the air.With worries rising about the environmental impact of enormous fish farms elsewhere in Scotland and severely depleted fish stocks in the North Sea and North Atlantic, the Clyde comeback is a rare bit of good news for Scotland's fish lovers.Since the area that is now Glasgow was first settled around the year 550, the Clyde has been central to its history.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. Later, during the Industrial Revolution that began in the late 1700s, Glasgow became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles andchemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionRivers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes. Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You willhear each sentence three times.1)Salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and requirecool, well-oxygenated water to thrive.2)The closure of factories that had poured toxins and other pollutantsinto the river boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plants（污水处理厂）helped eliminate some of the foul smells.3)The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow animportant center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from theAmericas starting in the 1600s.4)The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles andchemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewedalcohol.5)When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20thcentury, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained areputation for social deprivation（社会剥夺）and rough streets. Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. AExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)The Clyde's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an importantcenter for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.2)(Open)Section Three :NewsNews Item 1Governments Ban Nine Of The World's Most Hazardous ChemicalsUN Environment Program Executive Director Achim Steiner calls the agreement historic. He says the nine chemicals that have joined the list of Persistent Organic Pollutants, or POPS, are extremely harmful to the environment and to health.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.These nine toxic chemicals will join the Stockholm Convention's original list of 12 Persistent Organic Pollutants, referred to as the "dirty dozen."The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist inthe atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.Exercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.s most hazardousThis news item is about a ban of nine of the world’chemicals.e BExercisDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the followingpassage.UN environment Program Executive welcomed the agreement to ban the production of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals that are extremely harmful to the environment and to health. These substances will join a list of 12 other so-called p ersistent organic pollutants, or POPS, that are prohibited under an international treaty known as the Stockholm Convention.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely usedin pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphereand take many years, often decades, t o degrade into less dangerous f orms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.News Item2World Climate Conference to Focus on Adaptation to ClimateChangeScientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud (世界气象组织秘书长贾侯)says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes.Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions on climate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened.The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries andvice-versa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about a n appeal for global cooperation to deal with climate change.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1)Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades.2)A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focuson ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.3)Countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate.4)Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adaptto a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigationsystems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.5)Global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency ofextreme weather events.6)Weather observation networks must be strengthened.7)Even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says thedeveloped world needs reliable weather information from developing countries andvice-versa.News Item3Scientists have warned that the Great Barrier Reef - which stretches for more than 2,500 kilometers down Australia's northeast coast - is likely to bear the brunt of warmer ocean temperatures.A major concern has been the bleaching of coral, where the sensitive marine organisms wither under environmental stress caused by increased water temperature, pollution or sedimentation. An unexpected discoveryat the southern end of the reef has provided some rare good news for researchers.Researchers f ound that coral in the Keppel Islands off Queensland, which was damaged by bleaching in 2006 and then smothered by seaweed that overgrew the reef, has managed to repair itself.Experts say to see reefs bounce back from mass coral bleaching in less than a decade is highly unusual.Like other coral systems, the Great Barrier Reef is facing a range of environmental threats. Scientists say their capacity to recovery from damage inflicted by warmer waters, for example, will be critical to its future health.The Great Barrier Reef is one of Australia's premier tourist attractions. It covers an area bigger than Britain and is the largest living structure on earth and the only one visible from space.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the G reat Barrier Reef.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l. T 2. F 3. T 4.F 5. T 6. TSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1Feature ReportSydney Ready for Big Switch Off as Earth Hour Goes GlobalScotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in dimmingtheir lights as part of EarthHour.The global event has been endorsed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted. Mr. Ban urged people everywhere to pressure their governments to take decisive action to cut carbon pollution.Organizers are hoping that up to a billion people from small villagesin Namibia to sprawling cities in Asia will participate in an international effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.One of the architects of Earth Hour, Andy Ridley from the conservation group World Wildlife Fund (WWF), says the current financial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms."The global economic crisis has proved that we are a global community, so when America goes bad, we all go bad and climate change is going to be on a scale that is way, way beyond our global economic crisis at the moment and we need to put in place the measures to a) slow that down and ideally halt it, b) be ready for economies thatwill have to change. So, the longer we procrastinate the more we pay the penalty so we need to move quickly," he said.Earth Hour was started by environmentalists in Sydney in 2007. It encourages households, businesses and governments to switch off all non-essential lights for 60 minutes in a show of unified concern for the health and future of the planet.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year, which hopes to establish a new U.N. climate treaty.However, critics of Earth Hour have insisted it is simply a symbolic gesture that will not affect significant environmental change.The event will officially begin on the international dateline in the remote Chatham Islands southeast of New Zealand and will conclude in Hawaii.Exercise A: Directions: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about a global event known as Earth Hour.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing andthe pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in d imming their lights as part of Earth Hour.2.Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate changedemonstration ever attempted.anizers are hoping that up to a billion people will participate in aninternational effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.4.Andy Ridley, One of the architects of Earth Hour, says the currentfinancial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms.5.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and itsaim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year.Part 2 PassageLab produces shape-shifting fruits and vegetables Many fruits and vegetables we know almost as much by their shape as by their color or taste. Bananas are long and curved. Onions are round. But what if you could alter the familiar shape? W ould a square t omato still be a tomato?Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits and vegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen. It can be done to some extentwith traditional hybrid techniques. And as we hear from reporter Julie Grant, it can also be done by flipping a genetic switch.Ester van der Knaap steps gingerly around the greenhouse. We're at the Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster. Van Der Knaap points out short, round tomatoes - and some odd-looking long, thin ones.VAN DER KNAAP: "That's one gene. One gene can make that difference."Van der Knaap's team discovered that gene and isolated it. They call it the SUN gene. And they've been able to clone it in tomatoes.Van der Knaap's research could lead to square-shapes - something she thinks the tomato industry might like. Square tomatoes fit into packages better. And, overall, square tomatoes might be easier to work with thanthe common round tomatoes.So far money for her research h as come from the National Science Foundation - not big ag.Designer fruit shapes are gaining popularity.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes they want for a long time. But this is not the same thing.Dick Alford is a chef and professor of hospitality management at the University of Akron [Ohio].The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks havebeen doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.Chef Alford watches students as they cut yellow crookneck squash and carrots.They're trying to make uniform, symmetrical shapes out of curvy and pointed vegetables. There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.ALFORD: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great."In a country that loves hamburgers, Van der Knaap has heard that request before. But the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. She says there's more genetics to be studied.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes, “ we'll have a better idea of whatin tomatoes”, Van der Knaap sayscontrols the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those square carrots.”Exercise A Pre-listening Question(open)Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You willhear each sentence three times.1.what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato stillbe a tomato?2.Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits andvegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen.3.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes theywant for a long time. But this is not the same thing.4.If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get20 or 30 slices out of it, it would be great.5.Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes intomatoes, we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such as peppers, cucumbers and gourds.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Bananas and Onions are the examples known as much by their shape as by their color or taste.2. The hybrid or cross-breeding technique is regarded as the traditional way of changing the shape of fruits.3.The genetic technique which can also change the shape of fruits.4.They discovered the SUN gene and managed to clone it in tomatoes.pared with round tomatoes, square tomatoes might be easier to文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. work with than the common round tomatoes.6.The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks have been doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.7.There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.8.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes, Van der Knaap says we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those s q uare carrots.”Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Chef Alford’s request: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a nice long, a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great." Van der Knaap’s opinion is that the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. and there's more genetics to be studied.2)(Open)。
施心远主编第二版第三册《听力教程》unit_3答案
Unit 3Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Spot DictationWildlifeEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3)poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4)pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas.The tropical rain (6)forests which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate- and on our agriculture and food (10)supplies- will be disastrous.(11)Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12)World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14) from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) internationa l organization. It has raised over (16)£35 million for (17)conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in (18) five continents. It has helped 30 (19) mammals and birds - including the tiger -to (20) survive.Part 2 Listening for GistMrs. Bates: Hullo. Is that Reception? .Reception: Yes, madamMrs. Bates: This is Mrs. Bates. Room 504. I sent some clothes to the laundry this morning, two of my husband's shirts and three ofmy blouses. But they're not back yet. You see, we're leavingearly tomorrow morning.Reception: Just a moment, madam. I'll put you through to the housekeeper.Housekeeper: Hullo. Housekeeper.Mrs. Bates: Oh, hullo. This is ... I'm phoning from Room 504. It's about some clothes I sent to the laundry this morning. They're notback yet and you see ...Housekeeper: They are, madam. You'll find them in your wardrobe.They're in the top drawer on the left.Mrs. Bates: Oh, I didn't look in the wardrobe. Thank you very much.Sorry to trouble you.Housekeeper: That's quite all right. Goodbye.Mrs. Bates: Goodbye.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1)This dialogue is about making an inquiry about the laundry.2)The key words are reception. laundry. shirts. blouses. wardrobe.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueA UN InterpreterInterviewer: ... so perhaps you could tell us how exactly you became so proficient at language learning, Suzanne.Suzanne: Well, I think it all started with a really fortunate accident of birth. You know I was born in Lausanne*, Switzerland; myfather was Swiss-French Swiss and my mother was American,so, of course, we spoke both languages at home and I grew upbilingual. Then, of course, I learnt German at school - inSwitzerland that's normal. And because I was already fluent inEnglish, my second language at school was Italian. So I had areal head start (有利的开端)!Interviewer: So that's ... one, two, three, four - you had learnt four languages by the time you left school? How fluent were you? Suzanne: Urn, I was native speaker standard in French and English, butI'd become a bit rusty* in German and my Italian was onlyschool standard. I decided the best option was to study in theUK, and I did Hispanic Studies at university, studying Spanishand Portuguese, with some Italian, and living in Manchester.Then I went to live in Brazil for two years, teaching English. Interviewer: So by this time you must have been fluent in six languages? Suzanne: Nearly. My Italian wasn't perfect, but I had a boyfriend from Uruguay* while I was there, so my Spanish also became prettygood!Interviewer: And then what did you do?Suzanne: When I was 25 I came back to Switzerland, went to aninterpreters' school and then got a job in the United Nationswhen I was 28.Interviewer: And you've been there ever since?Suzanne: Not quite. In the first few months I met Jan, a Czech interpreter, who became my husband. We went to live in Prague in 1987and that was where I learnt Czech.Interviewer: And the eighth language?Suzanne: Well, unfortunately the marriage didn't last; I was very upset and I decided to take a long break. I went to Japan on holiday,got a job and stayed for two years, which was when I learntJapanese.Interviewer: That's amazing! And now you're back at the United Nations? Suzanne: Yes. Well, I never really left. I carried on doing work for them when I was in Prague - some in Prague, some in Austria andSwitzerland, and I took a "sabbatical*" to work in Japan. Theyneed people who can understand Japanese. But, yes, I've beenback with them full-time for two years now.Interviewer: And your plans for the future?Suzanne: I'm going to learn more Oriental languages. It was such a challenge learning Japanese - it's so different from all the others.So I'll spend another two or three years here with the UNfull-time, during which time I hope to get a substantialpromotion, then I think I'll go back and learn Korean, orperhaps Chinese, and Thai - I'd love to learn Thai. And then,perhaps an Indian language. Whatever, I want to be fluent inanother three or four languages before 45.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9. T 10. FPart 2 PassageThe Clyde RiverRunning through one of Britain's biggest manufacturing centers, Glasgow, the Clyde River* was poisoned for more than a century bythe fetid* byproducts of industry.The waterway bore the brunt of(首当其冲)Glasgow's economic success during the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as pollution and chemicals destroyed its fish and wildlife populations and brewed smells whose memory still makes residents wince*. Now, with heavy industry gone and Glasgow reconceived as a center for culture and tourism, the Clyde is coming back to life.For the first time since the late 1800s, its native salmon have returned in sizable numbers, reflecting the new cleanliness of a riverthat was once one of Britain's filthiest.The Clyde River Foundation surveyed fish populations last autumnat 69 sites in the Clyde and its tributaries, and found salmon in sevenof the nine major tributaries.The migratory fish, which vanished from the Clyde around 1880 after a long decline, first reappeared in the 1980s, but last year's survey was the first to show they've come back in healthy numbers.Although commercial salmon fishing was never widespread on the Clyde, the fish's return is symbolically important for Glasgow, where salmon were once so important to the city's identity that two are picturedon its official coat of arms.The salmon's comeback is also a sign of big improvements to water quality. Like sea trout, which have also reappeared in the Clyde system in recent years, salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated* water to thrive.The decline of Glasgow's main industries helped boost the fortunes of a river that was essentially fishless for decades during the worst periods of pollution.The closure of factories that had poured toxins* and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly. Environmental regulators also lightened dumping rules, and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul* smells that once tainted* the air.With worries rising about the environmental impact of enormous fish farms elsewhere in Scotland and severely depleted fish stocks in the North Sea and North Atlantic, the Clyde comeback is a rare bit of good news for Scotland's fish lovers.Since the area that is now Glasgow was first settled around the year 550, the Clyde has been central to its history.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. Later, during the Industrial Revolution that began in the late1700s, Glasgow became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionRivers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1)Salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated water to thrive.2)The closure of factories that had poured toxins and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plant s（污水处理厂）helped eliminate some of the foulsmells.3)The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s.4)The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.5)When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation（社会剥夺）and rough streets.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. AExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)The Clyde's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an importantcenter for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of Britishshipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.2)(Open)Section Three :NewsNews Item 1Governments Ban Nine Of The World's Most Hazardous Chemicals UN Environment Program Executive Director Achim Steiner calls the agreement historic. He says the nine chemicals that have joined the list of Persistent Organic Pollutants, or POPS, are extremely harmful to the environment and to health.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.These nine toxic chemicals will join the Stockholm Convention's original list of 12 Persistent Organic Pollutants, referred to as the "dirty dozen."The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist inthe atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.A esicrexEDirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about a ban of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals.B esicrexEDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.UN environment Program Executive welcomed the agreement to ban the production of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals that are extremely harmful to the environment and to health. These substances will join a list of 12 other so-called persistent organic pollutants, or POPS, that are prohibited under an international treaty known as the Stockholm Convention.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.The pollutants are especially dangerous because they crossboundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.News Item2World Climate Conference to Focus on Adaptation to ClimateChangeScientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud (世界气象组织秘书长贾侯)says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes.Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions onclimate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened.The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries andvice-versa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an appeal for global cooperation to deal with climate change.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1)Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades.2)A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focuson ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.3)Countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate.4)Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adaptto a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.5)Global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency ofextreme weather events.6)Weather observation networks must be strengthened.7)Even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says thedeveloped world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa.News Item3Scientists have warned that the Great Barrier Reef - which stretches for more than 2,500 kilometers down Australia's northeast coast - is likely to bear the brunt of warmer ocean temperatures.A major concern has been the bleaching of coral, where the sensitive marine organisms wither under environmental stress caused by increased water temperature, pollution or sedimentation. An unexpected discovery at the southern end of the reef has provided some rare good news for researchers.Researchers found that coral in the Keppel Islands off Queensland, which was damaged by bleaching in 2006 and then smothered by seaweed that overgrew the reef, has managed to repair itself.Experts say to see reefs bounce back from mass coral bleaching in less than a decade is highly unusual.Like other coral systems, the Great Barrier Reef is facing a range ofenvironmental threats. Scientists say their capacity to recovery from damage inflicted by warmer waters, for example, will be critical to its future health.The Great Barrier Reef is one of Australia's premier tourist attractions. It covers an area bigger than Britain and is the largest living structure on earth and the only one visible from space.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Great Barrier Reef.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l. T 2. F 3. T 4.F 5. T 6. TSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1Feature ReportSydney Ready for Big Switch Off as Earth Hour Goes GlobalScotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in dimming their lights as part of Earth Hour.The global event has been endorsed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted. Mr. Ban urged people everywhere to pressure their governments to take decisive action to cut carbon pollution.Organizers are hoping that up to a billion people from small villages in Namibia to sprawling cities in Asia will participate in an international effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.One of the architects of Earth Hour, Andy Ridley from the conservation group World Wildlife Fund (WWF), says the current financial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms."The global economic crisis has proved that we are a global community, so when America goes bad, we all go bad and climate change is going to be on a scale that is way, way beyond our global economic crisis at the moment and we need to put in place the measures to a) slow that down and ideally halt it, b) be ready for economies that will have to change. So, the longer we procrastinate the more we pay the penalty so we need to move quickly," he said.Earth Hour was started by environmentalists in Sydney in 2007. It encourages households, businesses and governments to switch off all non-essential lights for 60 minutes in a show of unified concern for thehealth and future of the planet.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year, which hopes to establish a new U.N. climate treaty.However, critics of Earth Hour have insisted it is simply a symbolic gesture that will not affect significant environmental change.The event will officially begin on the international dateline in the remote Chatham Islands southeast of New Zealand and will conclude in Hawaii.Exercise A: Directions: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about a global event known as Earth Hour.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing andthe pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in d imming their lights as part of Earth Hour.2.Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate changedemonstration ever attempted.anizers are hoping that up to a billion people will participate in aninternational effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.4.Andy Ridley, One of the architects of Earth Hour, says the currentfinancial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms.5.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and itsaim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year.Part 2 PassageLab produces shape-shifting fruits and vegetables Many fruits and vegetables we know almost as much by their shape as by their color or taste. Bananas are long and curved. Onions are round. But what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato still be a tomato?Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits and vegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen. It can be done to some extent with traditional hybrid techniques. And as we hear from reporter Julie Grant, it can also be done by flipping a genetic switch.Ester van der Knaap steps gingerly around the greenhouse. We're at the Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster.Van Der Knaap points out short, round tomatoes - and some odd-looking long, thin ones.V AN DER KNAAP: "That's one gene. One gene can make that difference."Van der Knaap's team discovered that gene and isolated it. They call it the SUN gene. And they've been able to clone it in tomatoes.Van der Knaap's research could lead to square-shapes - something she thinks the tomato industry might like. Square tomatoes fit into packages better. And, overall, square tomatoes might be easier to work with than the common round tomatoes.So far money for her research has come from the National Science Foundation - not big ag.Designer fruit shapes are gaining popularity.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes they want for a long time. But this is not the same thing.Dick Alford is a chef and professor of hospitality management at the University of Akron [Ohio].The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks have been doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.Chef Alford watches students as they cut yellow crookneck squashand carrots.They're trying to make uniform, symmetrical shapes out of curvy and pointed vegetables. There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.ALFORD: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great."In a country that loves hamburgers, Van der Knaap has heard that request before. But the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. She says there's more genetics to be studied.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes”, Van der Knaap says, “ we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those square carrots.”Exercise A Pre-listening Question(open)Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato stillbe a tomato?2.Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits andvegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen.3.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes theywant for a long time. But this is not the same thing.4.If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get20 or 30 slices out of it, it would be great.5.Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes intomatoes, we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such as peppers, cucumbers and gourds.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Bananas and Onions are the examples known as much by their shape as by their color or taste.2. The hybrid or cross-breeding technique is regarded as the traditional way of changing the shape of fruits.3.The genetic technique which can also change the shape of fruits.4.They discovered the SUN gene and managed to clone it in tomatoes.pared with round tomatoes, square tomatoes might be easier to work with than the common round tomatoes.6.The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks havebeen doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.7.There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.8.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes, Van der Knaap says we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those square c arrots.”Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Chef Alford’s request: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a nice long, a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great." Van der Knaap’s opinion is that the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. and there's more genetics to be studied.2)(Open)。
《英语听力教程3》第二版_Unit2_答案
Part I Getting ready A. B. Keys:
1: International Union for the Conservation of Nat,ure United Nations, wildlife, policies
2: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Spec,ies trade, animals and plant,s 1975, prohibits, 8000, controls, 30000
Part III Dolphin captivity A. B. Keys:
1: 1 2: 3 3: 4 4: 5 5: 2 6: Dolphins should be kept in captivity. 7: There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. C. Keys: 1: stress (family-oriented) 2: sonar bouncing off 3: average age of death; life getting better for captive dolphins 4: natural behabior patterns-altered
施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)_unit_2答案.doc分析解析
施心远主编《听力教程》3 (第2版) 答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions, that (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being(19) filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airships superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are youthinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. Itcosts £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-yearguarantee.B: And the Fiat next to theVolkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs£13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights’ Story1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight.As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrightsconstructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team BorussiaDortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Gulf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball TournamentThe widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. while Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew apredetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxidriver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century, the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .190 I,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will heareach sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's fordinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends duringthe day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-likecontraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on theoutskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with acatapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff.(Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barrossays that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer'stakeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off onits own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
U2 听力教程第三版施心远学生用书答案
Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsStress, Intonation and AccentScriptListen to some sentences. Which dialogue does each one best fit? Write the letter in the space provided.a. It’s on top of the bookcase.b. With milk, please.c. At five past one.d. At five past one.e. It’s on top of the bookcase.f. With milk, please.Key1. f2. c3. e4. b5. a6. dPart 2 Listening and Note-TakingRalph NaderScriptA. Listen to some sentences and fill in the blanks with the missing words.1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained theright amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can doto improve the quality of life in their country.B. Listen to a talk about Ralph Nader. Take notes and complete the following outline.Ralph Nader* is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn’t have a car or a TV set. He doesn’t have many clothes and he doesn’t care about money: when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn’t smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year.After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled “Unsafe at Any Speed,”which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader’s work, a law was passed tomake cars safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was the quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader’s efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines —these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation —that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry — that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.KeyA. 1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained theright amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can doto improve the quality of life in their country.B. Ralph NaderI. Ralph Nader, a man of few possessionsA. He own s very little and lives in a small apartment.B. He doesn’t have a car or a TV set.C. He doesn’t have many clothes.D. He doesn’t care about money.II. His early efforts to make cars saferA. He talked about the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths ofso many people each year at parties.B. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled “Unsafe at AnySpeed.”C. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths incar accidents were because of badly-made cars.D. In 1966, because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to make cars safer.III. His interests in something very differentA. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausagesand hamburgers.B. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader’s efforts.a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.b. The second was to protect people from radiation.c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.IV. Ralph Nader, one of the most influential people in the United StatesA. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do toimprove the quality of life in their country.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Sentence IdentificationScriptIdentify each sentence as simple (S), compound (CP), complex (CPL) or compound-complex (C-C). You will hear each sentence twice. Write the corresponding letter(s) in the space provided.1. Severely tested by an hour at all-out soccer practice, the girls had shown theirexcellent conditioning.2. The high-frequency filter cuts down record noise and the hiss that tapes generate, butit cannot eliminate them completely.3. Sometimes he is pleasant, and again he can be very unpleasant.4. The 1ast dance we sponsored almost got our charter revoked.5. You may think I am exaggerating, but I can assure you that these figures are correct.Key1. S2. C-C3. CP4. CPL5. C-CPart 2 DialoguesDialogue 1 Give Them Time to Get to Know YouScriptListen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).Father: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don’t know.Father: It couldn’t be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven’t any friends there?Father: No, that you haven’t got any friends.Daughter: But I’ve told you! They’re not very friendl y there. They never talk to me!They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn’t it possible it’s because you’re not very friendly towards them?Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation?Daughter: I’ve told you! They’re not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in groups!Father: Yes, but why don’t you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don’t be silly. I couldn’t. It would be awful!Father: Why?Daughter: It just would. Th at’s all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you’ll never make friends if you don’t try, will you? I mean,you’ve got to meet them, too, at least half way.Daughter: It just wouldn’t work!Father: You know what I think. I think you’re just saying that because you’reimpatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. Ifyou don’t get what you want immediately, you get depressed and yougive up too easily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you’d understand...Father: You’ve only been there for four weeks. These things take time.Daughter: I know, but I still feel...Father: L isten, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time toget to know them, and things will change. Believe me!B. Listen to an extract from the dialogue and complete the following sentences withthe missing words.Father: It couldn’t be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven’t any friends there?Father: No, that you haven’t got any friends.Daughter: But I’ve told you! They’re not very friendly there.KeyA. 1. The girl is probably a new student.2. The girl feels lonely in a new place.3. Other students are not friendly to the girl.4. The girl probably has never tried to make conversation with others.5. Her father thinks the girl should sit with others during lunch.6. The father knows his daughter very well.B. Father: It couldn’t be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven’t any friends there?Father: No, that you haven’t got any friends.Daughter: But I’ve told you! They’re not very friendly there.Dialogue 2 GesturesScriptA. Listen to some short conversations and match each gesture and meaning with thecountry. There is one example given in the first line of the following chart.Woman: You know, a “nod” —moving your head up and down —means “yes”in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means“no”?Man: It means “no” in Greece? I’m surprised.Conversation 2Man: I didn’t know “raised eyebrows”means “yes” in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. “Raised eyebrows” is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Conversation 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that “tapping your head” means “I’m thinking”in Argentina.Man: That’s right.Woman: You’d better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means “crazy” in Canada? I didn’t know that. I’ll be careful. Conversation 4Man: You know, it’s interesting that in the Netherlands, “tapping your elbow”means you can’t depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the sa megesture, but it has a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn’t like to spend money. Woman: Hmm.Conversation 5Woman: Here’s an interesting one. You know how “circling your head” means that a person’s crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone.Man: That’s interesting.Conversation 6Man: So “flicking your chin” means “go away” in Italy, right?Woman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don’t know.Man: That’s right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, “flicking your chin” means “I don’t know.”Woman: “I don’t know” is the meaning?Man: Right.Woman: Well, everything is thumbs up for my trip to Nigeria. I’ve never been to Africa before. I’m really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you’d better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: “Thumbs up.” In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning.Don’t use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Conversation 8Man: You said “tossing your head” means “come here” for Germans?Woman: That’s right. But there are some other meanings. In India, it means “yes.”But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means “no.”Man: Hmm, “yes” in India, “no” in Italy. Isn’t it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings?Woman: It sure is.B. Listen to some extracts from the dialogue and complete the following sentenceswith the missing words.1. Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn’t like to spendmoney.Woman: Hmm.2. Woman: Well, everything is thumbs up for my trip to Nigeria. I’ve never been toAfrica before. I’m really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you’d better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.KeyAB. 1. Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn’t like to spendmoney.Woman: Hmm.2. Woman: Well, everything is thumbs up for my trip to Nigeria. I’ve never been toAfrica before. I’m really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you’d better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Part 3 PassageWhy Shouldn’t You Go by First Impressions?ScriptB. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questionsyou will hear.One shouldn’t always go by* first impressions. In my h ometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend. In the same way one should never assume that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brother had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question*.Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travellers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, “Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I’m afraid we have a problem.” “A problem? What do you mean, we have a problem, young man?”“Would you like to come into the office?” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy.“Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.”“Er ... yes.” My brother explained the p osition.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. “Young man,” she said. “I don’t believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs. Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I’d lik e to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a pe rsonal friend of the General’s.In the circumstances I’d advise you to sort this out rig ht away, otherwise you’re going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?”Questions:1. What was the giant man like to those who knew him in the narrator’s hometown?2. Why was the plane overbooked?3. Why did the narrator’s brother decide to choose elderly travellers?4. What did the English couple do while waiting for the next flight?5. How did the little old American lady talk to the young man?6. How do people who look inoffensive behave?7. How did the narrator’s brother talk to Mrs. Pepper?8. Who was Mrs. Pepper?C. Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.KeyA.Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reasonwhy we shouldn’t go by first impressions.B. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. BC. 1. To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had thedifficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’ttravel on the flight in question.3. Her late husband was a personal friend of the president of the airline.4. Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.D. 1. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierceand unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knewhim, he was a kind and generous friend.2. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up.3. I don’t believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs. Katherine Pepper, … In thecircumstances I’d advise you to sort this out right away, …Part 4 NewsNews item 1 More Grains for Asia’s Middle ClassScriptA.Listen to the news item and answer the following questions.Then give a briefsummary about the news item.Asia’s growing middle-class population is changing its diet from the traditional bowl of rice to more Western-style food. The change in taste increases demand for more grains, especially wheat-based foods.Countries such as Australia and the United States have gained from the increase in demand for wheat. But the increase poses* a challenge for the global food industry in the years ahead to meet the demand.The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development says by 2030 two-thirds of the global middle class, or 3.3 billion people, will live in Asia.In Indonesia, the fastest-growing segment* of food is bread. China is importing more barley for beer production and feed grain for the meat industry.In its annual forecast* released in March, the Australian Bureau of Agricultural andResource Economics and Sciences (ABARES) says Aus tralia’s grain and oilseed production will rise over the next five years from 24 million tons to over 42 million.Despite the growth, wheat traders say Australia will not meet the rising demand. That leaves the way open for increased sales from the United States, Canada and the Black Sea region into Asia.B. Listen to the news item again and complete the following sentences.KeyA. 1. Asia’s middle class demands for Western-style food/wheat-based foods.2. They are the United States and Australia.3. China imports barley for beer production and feed grain for the meat industry.4. Its grain production will rise from 24 million tons to over 42 million.5. They are Canada and the Black Sea region.This news item is about the changing diet of Asia’s middle class and the demand for wheat grain.B. 1. Nowadays, Asia’s middle-class population would like more Western-style food thantraditional bowl of rice.2. In Indonesia, the fastest-growing segment of food is bread.3. By 2030, two-thirds of the global middle class or 3.3 billion people will live in Asia.4. The increase poses a challenge for the global food industry to meet the demand.C. Despite the growth, wheat traders say Australia will not meet the rising demand. Thatleaves the way open for increased sales from the United States, Canada and the Black Sea region into Asia.News item 2 Domestic Violence in BangladeshScriptA. Listen to the news item and fill in the blanks with the missing information. Thengive a brief summary about the news item.In Bangladesh, domestic* violence is a serious problem for women and girls who live in poverty. These women and girls are beaten or attacked in the one place they should feel safe — their homes. It is difficult to change this situation because of deep-rooted customs. But a group of non-profit organizations is working to bring change to thousands of the country’s poor.In a slum* area of Dhaka, 10 people sit in a narrow street between small homes. Women with colorful shawls on their heads sit next to four men. They listen as two health workers, both women, talk about birth control methods and diseases passed through sex. The health workers also show photographs of how the diseases affect the body.In Bangladesh, violence against women is widespread, even in their own homes.Physical and emotional abuse* by husbands is common among the poor.In urban slums, women and girls suffer from high rates of violence and poor sexual andreproductive health. Girls who marry early have even more problems. Bangladesh has the world’s fourth highest rate of c hild marriage. Here, 65 percent of young women marry before the age of 18.B. Listen to the news item again and complete the following sentences.KeyA. 1. In Bangladesh, women and girls who live in poverty are more likely to be beaten orattacked in their homes.2. A group of non-profit organizations is working to change the condition of these poorwomen.3. In a poor area of Dhaka, 10 people are listening to two health workers talking aboutbirth control methods and diseases passed through sex.4. Since 65 percent of young women marry before the age of 18, Bangladesh has theworld’s fourth highest rate of child marriage.This news item is about working to end violence against women in Bangladesh.B. 1. In urban slums, domestic violence against women and girls is widespread.2. It is difficult to change this situation because of deep-rooted customs.3. Among the poor, it is common for women to suffer from the physical and emotionalabuse by their husbands.C.In Bangladesh, domestic violence is a serious problem for women and girls who live inpoverty. These women and girls are beaten or attacked in the one place they should feel safe —their home.Section Three Oral WorkRetellingAn AccidentScriptListen to a story and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the story only once. You can write down some key words and phrases.It was a beautiful Sunday morning and school teacher Donald Murray was flying his radio controlled model aeroplane near a well-known beauty spot in the south of England. The model had a wingspan of over a metre.Mr. Murray, who built the model himself from a kit, was using a hand held radio transmitter to control the model, when he suddenly noticed two hang gliders circling, some distance from his plane.He at once manoeuvred his model round into a downward circuit and as he did so he suddenly became aware of a third hang glider, which was approaching from another direction.Within seconds the model collided with the hang glider, cutting through one of the support wires. The wings of the hang glider immediately folded and it crashed to the ground, causingserious injury to the pilot.Asked about the condition of his model aeroplane after the accident, Mr. Murray said: “Strangely enough the model wasn’t badly damaged. But I’ve burnt it. I couldn’t possibly fly it again, after that.”Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 PassageTa-Na-E-KaScriptA. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you willhear.I opened the door. My grandfather was in the front room. He was wearing theceremonial beaded deerskin shirt which had belonged to his grandfather.“Welcome back,” he said.I embraced my parents warmly, letting go only when I saw my cousin Roger sprawledon the couch. His eyes were red and swol len. He’d lost weight. His feet were an unsightly mass of blood and blisters, and h e was moaning, “I made it, see.I made it. I’m a warrior.”My grandfather looked at me strangely. I was clean, obviously well-fed, and radiantly healthy. My parents got the message. My uncle and aunt gazed at me with hostility.Finally my grandfather asked, “What did you eat to keep you so well?”I sucked in my breath and blurted* out the truth: “Hamburgers and milkshakes.”“Hamburgers!” my grandfather growled*.“Milk shakes!” Roger moaned.“You didn’t say we had to eat grasshoppers,” I said sheepishly.“Tell us about your Ta-Na-E-Ka*,” my grandfather commanded.I told them everything, from borrowing the five dollars, t o Ernie’s kindness, toobserving the beaver.“That’s not what I trained you for,” my grandfather said sadly.I stood up. “Grandfather, I learned that Ta-Na-E-Ka is important. I didn’t think so duringtraining. I was scared stiff of it. I handled it my way. There’s no reason in1947 to eat grasshoppers when you can eat a hamburger.”I was inwardly shocked at my own audacity*. “Grandfather, I’ll bet you never ate one ofthose rotten berries yourself.”Grandfather laughed!“Those berries —they are terrible.” Grand father admitted. “I could never swallow them.I found a dead deer on the first day of my Ta-Na-E-Ka — shot by a soldier, probably — andhe kept my belly full for the entire period of the test!”My grandfather called me to Roger. “You sh ould have done what your cousin did. But I think you are more alert to what is happening to our people today than we are. I think you would have passed the test under any circumstances, in any time. Somehow, you know how to exist in a world that wasn’t made for Indians. I don’t think you’re going to have any trouble surviving.”Questions:1. What was her grandfather wearing when the writer opened the door?2. What happened when she found her cousin, Roger, sprawling on the couch?3. Which of the following words is not true about the condition of the writer after shewent through Ta-Na-E-Ka?4. How did her uncle and aunt react?5. What did her grandfather do when he learned what his granddaughter had eaten?6. Which of the following facts most effectively persuaded her grandfather to accept herthought?7. What is her cousin Roger’s attitude to what the writer did during Ta-Na-E-Ka?8. What did her grandfather think of his granddaughter’s behavior of handlingTa-Na-E-Ka after meditation?B. Listen to the passage again and answer the following questions.KeyA. 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. DB. 1. Her grandfather was in the front room.2. He sprawled on the couch with red and swollen eyes. He lost weight, his feet being anunsightly mass of blood and blisters. He was moaning.3. She was clean, obviously well-fed, and radiantly healthy.4. At that time, he found a dead deer on the first day of his Ta-Na-E-Ka. This deer mighthave been shot by a soldier, and it kept his belly full for the entire period of the test.5. The writer’s grandfather told her that she should have done what her cousin did, buthe thought she was more alert to what was happening to the people today than theywere. He thought she would have passed the test under any circumstances, in anytime. Somehow, she knew how to exist in a world that wasn’t made for Indians. Hedidn’t think sh e was going to have any trouble surviving.Part 2 VideoRetailers Eye New Technology to Lure CustomersScriptWatch the video film and answer the questions.New York’s big retail exhibition is a big business. At the New York’s Convention center, high-tech was at the center stage. It’s ca lled the Big Show for a reason. Thousands of companies, hundreds of thousands of prospective* customers, all here for that one thing that will make the difference.Every screen, every surface is an opportunity to engage. Images can be shared so friends and family can weigh in*. Even the dressing room mirror becomes a vehicle for sales. Intel’s Tyler Hoffman says it’s called the “Memory Mirror.”“It is designed for trying on clothes, shopping for apparel in store, to make that experience digital, social and interactive.”The images can be shared via text*, email or social media.This motion-activated screen by Scala lets prospective customers swipe through watches with a wave of a hand, using technology to get closer to the product.Peter Cheran is the chief technical officer of Scala.“It’s novel*, it’s fresh, it’s engaging, it’s easy to use. It’s what people are expecting out of technologies from their video games, from their smartphones.”A simple idea, a flat service has become a platform for media display.Jerrard Shiffman invented the Perch interactive system.“Over the entire store, every surface can become, you know, a platform for media display. Because the way that people consume media now, it’s on their iPhone, they’re sort of surrounded by it, so it’s sort of strange in retail stores that hasn’t happened yet.That’s not a media experience.”Ryan owns a surf shop and likes the concept.“It feels like you are working with a 3D smartphone almost. I can see a customer coming up. It’s definitely engaging, you know, you kind of like ... you see the imagery.”Even the old-fashioned scale’s surface has chan ged. The Tellermate* counts the money by weight. In tests we saw, it never missed and it took only a second or two to do its job. It saves time, which equals money.The international retail landscape is expected to change more in the next 10 years than it has in the past 50 years, largely due to new technologies and the internet.Key1. It is taking place at the New York’s Convention center.2. Every screen and surface in the store will become an opportunity to engage withcustomers with new technology.3. The “Memory Mirror” is designed for trying on c lothes and shopping for apparel instore.4. The Tellermate counts a stack of money by weight.5. It is expected to change more in the next 10 years than it has in the past 50 years,largely due to new technologies and the internet.。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-1标准答案
施心远主编《听力教程》3 (第2版) 答案UNIT 1Section OnePart 1 Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6)solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10)garage doorswhich open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensorswhich will (13)recognizeyou when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of spacepeople will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expandedand, and (19) contracted*depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that.Part 2 Listening for GistDialogue：I Want to See Dr MiltonWoman：Surgery. Can I help you?Stone：Good afternoon. My name’s Frank Stone. I want to make an appointment to see Dr Milton, please.Woman: Yes, of course, Mr Stone. May I have your address, please?Stone: 118 Hill Road, London S.E. 18.Woman: Yes, we have you on the records. Can you manage this afternoon at 5:30?Stone: I’m afraid not. I can manage tomorrow.Woman: I’m afraid Dr Milton’s not on duty tomorrow. He’ll be here the day after tomorrow. That’s Thursday, March 27th.Stone: Fine.Woman: Will 5:30 be all right?S tone: Well, yes. But I’d prefer a later time so I can come along after work. Woman: Then what about 6:15?Stone: Well, that’s fine. Thank you. Goodbye.Woman: Goodbye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointmentWoman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just let meexplain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen. Monday morning. nine o'clock.Section Two Listening comprehensionPart 1 DialogueI'm terribly sorry I'm late.Woman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just letme explain.(Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?Woman: Uh ... the one near my flat. You know. Lewis Brothers.Man: Yes, I know that garage. It's the only one near your flat.Woman: Hmm, well now, let's have something to eat. Uh, what about some ... Man: I know the garage very well!Woman: Yes. Let's see now. Yes, I think I'll have some ...Man: A pity it's Sunday.Woman: Pardon?Man: A pity it's Sunday. That garage is closed on Sunday!Exercise Directions: Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions.1.They are possibly boyfriend and girlfriend.2.In a restaurant.3."It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?" "I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all" "After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?" "Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car."4.Because she wants to stop the conversation like this.5. Because he knows the girl is lying.Part 2 PassageThe Oscar Statuette1Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit", but the term never stuck.2. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, a Hollywood columnist used the name in his column.3. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.4. If the statuettes don't meet strict quality control standards, they are immediately cut in half and melted down.5.The large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices via air express, with no identifiable markings.The Oscar statuette, designed by MGM's* chief art director Cedric Gibbons, depicts* a knight holding a crusader's* sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes, signifying the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar". Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit". The entertainment trade paper, Weekly Variety, even attempted to popularize "the iron man". The term never stuck.A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director, Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hepburn's first Best Actress win. The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 1939.Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exceptions. In the 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas* of the statuette。
施心远-《听力教程》3-第2-Unit3答案
Unit 3Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Spot DictationWildlifeEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3)poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4)pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas.The tropical rain (6)forests which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate- and on our agriculture and food (10)supplies- will be disastrous.(11)Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12)World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14) from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) internationa l organization. It has raised over (16)£35 million for (17)conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in (18) five continents. It has helped 30 (19) mammals and birds - including the tiger -to (20) survive.Part 2 Listening for GistMrs. Bates: Hullo. Is that Reception? .Reception: Yes, madamMrs. Bates: This is Mrs. Bates. Room 504. I sent some clothes to the laundry this morning, two of my husband's shirts and three ofmy blouses. But they're not back yet. You see, we're leavingearly tomorrow morning.Reception: Just a moment, madam. I'll put you through to the housekeeper.Housekeeper: Hullo. Housekeeper.Mrs. Bates: Oh, hullo. This is ... I'm phoning from Room 504. It's about some clothes I sent to the laundry this morning. They're notback yet and you see ...Housekeeper: They are, madam. You'll find them in your wardrobe.They're in the top drawer on the left.Mrs. Bates: Oh, I didn't look in the wardrobe. Thank you very much.Sorry to trouble you.Housekeeper: That's quite all right. Goodbye.Mrs. Bates: Goodbye.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1)This dialogue is about making an inquiry about the laundry.2)The key words are reception. laundry. shirts. blouses. wardrobe.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueA UN InterpreterInterviewer: ... so perhaps you could tell us how exactly you became so proficient at language learning, Suzanne.Suzanne: Well, I think it all started with a really fortunate accident of birth. You know I was born in Lausanne*, Switzerland; myfather was Swiss-French Swiss and my mother was American,so, of course, we spoke both languages at home and I grew upbilingual. Then, of course, I learnt German at school - inSwitzerland that's normal. And because I was already fluent inEnglish, my second language at school was Italian. So I had areal head start (有利的开端)!Interviewer: So that's ... one, two, three, four - you had learnt four languages by the time you left school? How fluent were you? Suzanne: Urn, I was native speaker standard in French and English, butI'd become a bit rusty* in German and my Italian was onlyschool standard. I decided the best option was to study in theUK, and I did Hispanic Studies at university, studying Spanishand Portuguese, with some Italian, and living in Manchester.Then I went to live in Brazil for two years, teaching English. Interviewer: So by this time you must have been fluent in six languages? Suzanne: Nearly. My Italian wasn't perfect, but I had a boyfriend from Uruguay* while I was there, so my Spanish also became prettygood!Interviewer: And then what did you do?Suzanne: When I was 25 I came back to Switzerland, went to aninterpreters' school and then got a job in the United Nationswhen I was 28.Interviewer: And you've been there ever since?Suzanne: Not quite. In the first few months I met Jan, a Czech interpreter, who became my husband. We went to live in Prague in 1987and that was where I learnt Czech.Interviewer: And the eighth language?Suzanne: Well, unfortunately the marriage didn't last; I was very upset and I decided to take a long break. I went to Japan on holiday,got a job and stayed for two years, which was when I learntJapanese.Interviewer: That's amazing! And now you're back at the United Nations? Suzanne: Yes. Well, I never really left. I carried on doing work for them when I was in Prague - some in Prague, some in Austria andSwitzerland, and I took a "sabbatical*" to work in Japan. Theyneed people who can understand Japanese. But, yes, I've beenback with them full-time for two years now.Interviewer: And your plans for the future?Suzanne: I'm going to learn more Oriental languages. It was such a challenge learning Japanese - it's so different from all the others.So I'll spend another two or three years here with the UNfull-time, during which time I hope to get a substantialpromotion, then I think I'll go back and learn Korean, orperhaps Chinese, and Thai - I'd love to learn Thai. And then,perhaps an Indian language. Whatever, I want to be fluent inanother three or four languages before 45.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9. T 10. FPart 2 PassageThe Clyde RiverRunning through one of Britain's biggest manufacturing centers, Glasgow, the Clyde River* was poisoned for more than a century bythe fetid* byproducts of industry.The waterway bore the brunt of(首当其冲)Glasgow's economic success during the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as pollution and chemicals destroyed its fish and wildlife populations and brewed smells whose memory still makes residents wince*. Now, with heavy industry gone and Glasgow reconceived as a center for culture and tourism, the Clyde is coming back to life.For the first time since the late 1800s, its native salmon have returned in sizable numbers, reflecting the new cleanliness of a riverthat was once one of Britain's filthiest.The Clyde River Foundation surveyed fish populations last autumnat 69 sites in the Clyde and its tributaries, and found salmon in sevenof the nine major tributaries.The migratory fish, which vanished from the Clyde around 1880 after a long decline, first reappeared in the 1980s, but last year's survey was the first to show they've come back in healthy numbers.Although commercial salmon fishing was never widespread on the Clyde, the fish's return is symbolically important for Glasgow, where salmon were once so important to the city's identity that two are picturedon its official coat of arms.The salmon's comeback is also a sign of big improvements to water quality. Like sea trout, which have also reappeared in the Clyde system in recent years, salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated* water to thrive.The decline of Glasgow's main industries helped boost the fortunes of a river that was essentially fishless for decades during the worst periods of pollution.The closure of factories that had poured toxins* and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly. Environmental regulators also lightened dumping rules, and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul* smells that once tainted* the air.With worries rising about the environmental impact of enormous fish farms elsewhere in Scotland and severely depleted fish stocks in the North Sea and North Atlantic, the Clyde comeback is a rare bit of good news for Scotland's fish lovers.Since the area that is now Glasgow was first settled around the year 550, the Clyde has been central to its history.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. Later, during the Industrial Revolution that began in the late1700s, Glasgow became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionRivers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1)Salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated water to thrive.2)The closure of factories that had poured toxins and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plant s〔污水处理厂〕helped eliminate some of the foulsmells.3)The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s.4)The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.5)When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation〔社会剥夺〕and rough streets.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. AExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)The Clyde's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an importantcenter for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of Britishshipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.2)(Open)Section Three :NewsNews Item 1Governments Ban Nine Of The World's Most Hazardous Chemicals UN Environment Program Executive Director Achim Steiner calls the agreement historic. He says the nine chemicals that have joined the list of Persistent Organic Pollutants, or POPS, are extremely harmful to the environment and to health.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.These nine toxic chemicals will join the Stockholm Convention's original list of 12 Persistent Organic Pollutants, referred to as the "dirty dozen."The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist inthe atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about a ban of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.UN environment Program Executive welcomed the agreement to ban the production of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals that are extremely harmful to the environment and to health. These substances will join a list of 12 other so-called persistent organic pollutants, or POPS, that are prohibited under an international treaty known as the Stockholm Convention.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.The pollutants are especially dangerous because they crossboundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.News Item2World Climate Conference to Focus on Adaptation to ClimateChangeScientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud (世界气象组织秘书长贾侯)says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes.Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions onclimate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened.The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries andvice-versa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an appeal for global cooperation to deal with climate change.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1)Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades.2)A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focuson ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.3)Countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate.4)Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adaptto a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.5)Global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency ofextreme weather events.6)Weather observation networks must be strengthened.7)Even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says thedeveloped world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa.News Item3Scientists have warned that the Great Barrier Reef - which stretches for more than 2,500 kilometers down Australia's northeast coast - is likely to bear the brunt of warmer ocean temperatures.A major concern has been the bleaching of coral, where the sensitive marine organisms wither under environmental stress caused by increased water temperature, pollution or sedimentation. An unexpected discovery at the southern end of the reef has provided some rare good news for researchers.Researchers found that coral in the Keppel Islands off Queensland, which was damaged by bleaching in 2006 and then smothered by seaweed that overgrew the reef, has managed to repair itself.Experts say to see reefs bounce back from mass coral bleaching in less than a decade is highly unusual.Like other coral systems, the Great Barrier Reef is facing a range ofenvironmental threats. Scientists say their capacity to recovery from damage inflicted by warmer waters, for example, will be critical to its future health.The Great Barrier Reef is one of Australia's premier tourist attractions. It covers an area bigger than Britain and is the largest living structure on earth and the only one visible from space.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Great Barrier Reef.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l. T 2. F 3. T 4.F 5. T 6. TSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1Feature ReportSydney Ready for Big Switch Off as Earth Hour Goes GlobalScotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in dimming their lights as part of Earth Hour.The global event has been endorsed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted. Mr. Ban urged people everywhere to pressure their governments to take decisive action to cut carbon pollution.Organizers are hoping that up to a billion people from small villages in Namibia to sprawling cities in Asia will participate in an international effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.One of the architects of Earth Hour, Andy Ridley from the conservation group World Wildlife Fund (WWF), says the current financial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms."The global economic crisis has proved that we are a global community, so when America goes bad, we all go bad and climate change is going to be on a scale that is way, way beyond our global economic crisis at the moment and we need to put in place the measures to a) slow that down and ideally halt it, b) be ready for economies that will have to change. So, the longer we procrastinate the more we pay the penalty so we need to move quickly," he said.Earth Hour was started by environmentalists in Sydney in 2007. It encourages households, businesses and governments to switch off all non-essential lights for 60 minutes in a show of unified concern for thehealth and future of the planet.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year, which hopes to establish a new U.N. climate treaty.However, critics of Earth Hour have insisted it is simply a symbolic gesture that will not affect significant environmental change.The event will officially begin on the international dateline in the remote Chatham Islands southeast of New Zealand and will conclude in Hawaii.Exercise A: Directions: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about a global event known as Earth Hour.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing andthe pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in d imming their lights as part of Earth Hour.2.Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate changedemonstration ever attempted.anizers are hoping that up to a billion people will participate in aninternational effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.4.Andy Ridley, One of the architects of Earth Hour, says the currentfinancial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms.5.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and itsaim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year.Part 2 PassageLab produces shape-shifting fruits and vegetables Many fruits and vegetables we know almost as much by their shape as by their color or taste. Bananas are long and curved. Onions are round. But what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato still be a tomato?Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits and vegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen. It can be done to some extent with traditional hybrid techniques. And as we hear from reporter Julie Grant, it can also be done by flipping a genetic switch.Ester van der Knaap steps gingerly around the greenhouse. We're at the Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster.Van Der Knaap points out short, round tomatoes - and some odd-looking long, thin ones.V AN DER KNAAP: "That's one gene. One gene can make that difference."Van der Knaap's team discovered that gene and isolated it. They call it the SUN gene. And they've been able to clone it in tomatoes.Van der Knaap's research could lead to square-shapes - something she thinks the tomato industry might like. Square tomatoes fit into packages better. And, overall, square tomatoes might be easier to work with than the common round tomatoes.So far money for her research has come from the National Science Foundation - not big ag.Designer fruit shapes are gaining popularity.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes they want for a long time. But this is not the same thing.Dick Alford is a chef and professor of hospitality management at the University of Akron [Ohio].The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks have been doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.Chef Alford watches students as they cut yellow crookneck squashand carrots.They're trying to make uniform, symmetrical shapes out of curvy and pointed vegetables. There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.ALFORD: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great."In a country that loves hamburgers, Van der Knaap has heard that request before. But the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. She says there's more genetics to be studied.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes”, Van der Knaap says, “ we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those square carrots.”Exercise A Pre-listening Question(open)Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato stillbe a tomato?2.Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits andvegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen.3.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes theywant for a long time. But this is not the same thing.4.If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get20 or 30 slices out of it, it would be great.5.Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes intomatoes, we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such as peppers, cucumbers and gourds.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Bananas and Onions are the examples known as much by their shape as by their color or taste.2. The hybrid or cross-breeding technique is regarded as the traditional way of changing the shape of fruits.3.The genetic technique which can also change the shape of fruits.4.They discovered the SUN gene and managed to clone it in tomatoes.pared with round tomatoes, square tomatoes might be easier to work with than the common round tomatoes.6.The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks havebeen doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.7.There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.8.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes, Van der Knaap says we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And mayb e then we'll get those square carrots.”Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Chef Alford’s request: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a nice long, a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great." Van der Knaap’s opinion is that the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. and there's more genetics to be studied.2)(Open)。
听力教程第三册答案UNIT2
UNIT 2Part 2 PassageThe Wrights’ StoryOn the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10 a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight.As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrights constructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials.Section Three NewsNews Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland.Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia Dortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the followingstatements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Gulf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-placecheck has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 2 PassageAsk anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* an avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxidriver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert,argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century, the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .190 I,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's fordinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends duringthe day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxywings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-likecontraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on theoutskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with acatapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff.(Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barrossays that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer'stakeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off onits own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)_unit_2答案.doc-推荐下载
thinking of? B: Not more than £13,500. A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. It
My Mother My mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores. My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) gor for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler. But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions, that (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being
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UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7)missions.My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions. That (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being (19)filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20)edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airship s superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero- plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarB: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are you thinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. It costs £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-year guarantee.B: And the Fiat next to the Volkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs £13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights’ StoryOn the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10 a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale（逆风）the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length，and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second(转瞬间，顷刻) too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight.As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the firsteffective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrights constructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials. Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficientcapacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in GroupB· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia Dortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Golf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball Tournament The widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. While Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew apredetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to(开始考虑做) his maiden flightthe Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including oneflight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* an avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxi driver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century,the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with acatapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .1901,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's for dinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends during the day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxywings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff. (Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barros says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。