大学英语四级模拟四级专项—快速阅读10
四级快速阅读练习题-7篇
四级快速阅读练习题1 (08,06)Passage 1Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it. Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspaperAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way foradvertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women‘s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine‘s other reade rs. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingout-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they, can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters，postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses，direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.A) it has large audiences B) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputation D) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the number of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.A) earn a larger annual ad revenue B) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniques D) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A) reach target audiences B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) appeal to educated people. D) convey all kinds of messages6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are___________.A) quick to update B) pleasant to look atC) easy to remember D) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be_____________9.Directmail is an effective form of advertising for business to develop____________________10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.参考答案:1. A2.D3.B4.C5.A6.B7.C8. quite homogeneous 9.relationships with consumers 10.the appropriate media2 (07,06)Protect Y our Privacy When Job-hunting OnlineIdentity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person‘s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized.Ident ity theft is ―an absolute epidemic,‖ states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy. ―It‘s certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It‘s worldwide. It affects everybody, and there‘s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can‘t detect it until it‘s probably too late.‖Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, you personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims‘ names. In many cases, a victim‘s losses may includ ed not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online job search is learning to manager the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on the Internet.1. Check for a privacy policy.If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site your are considering has a privacy policy, like . The policy should spell out how your information will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员).When reviewing the site‘s privacy policy, you‘ll be able to delete your resume just as easilyas you posted it. You won‘t necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.2. Take advantage of site features.Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objective and the level of risk you are willing to assume., for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadest employer audience possible.The second is anonymous (匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed. Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact information to display.The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on without retyping their information.3. Safeguard your identity.Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier, such as ―Intranet Developer Candidate,‖ or ―Experienced Marketing Representative.‖You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use a general description of the company such as ―Major auto manufacturer,‖ or―International packaged goods supplier.‖If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned by your employer.4. Establish and email address for your search.Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you don‘t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for you job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn‘t contain references to your name or other information that w ill give away your identity. The best solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as Salesmgr2004@5. Protect your reference.If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There‘s no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.6. Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential.Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver‘s license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don‘t provide this even if they say they needit in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book –don‘t fall for it.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
大学英语四级模拟阅读及答案
Passage OneIt's official: Money can't buy happiness.Sure, if a person is handed $10, the pleasure centres of his brain light up as if he were given food, sex, or drugs. But that initial rush does not translate into long-term pleasure for most people. Surveys have found virtually the same level of happiness between the very rich individuals on the Forbs 400 and the Maasai herdsmen of East Africa. Lottery winners return to their previous level of happiness after five years. Increases in income just don't seem to make people happier-and most negative life experiences likewise have only a small impact on long-term satisfaction."The relati on ship betwee n money and happ in ess is pretty darn ed（非常）small," says Peter Ubel, a professor of medicine at the University of Michigan.That's not to say that increased income doesn't matter at all. There is a very small correlation between wealth and happiness-accounting for about one percent of the happiness reported by people answering the surveys. And for some groups, that relationship may be considerably bigger. People who are poor seem to get much happier when their monetary prospects improve; so do the very sick. In these cases, Ubel speculates, people may be protected from negative circumstances by the extra cash. Another possibility is that the money brings an increase in status, which may have a greater impact on happiness.Why doesn't wealth bring a constant sense of joy? "Part of the reason is that people aren't very good at figuring out what to do with the money," says George Loewenstein, an economist at Carnegie Melton University. People generally overestimate the amount of long-term pleasure they'll get from a given object.Sometimes, Loewenstein notes, the way people spend their money can actually make them less happy. For example, people derive a great deal of pleasure from interacting with others. If the first thing lottery winners do is to quit their job and to move to a palatial（富丽堂皇的）but isolated estate where they don't see any neighbours, they could find themselves isolated and depressed.1. The first sentence of the passage means_.A. it is announced by government that money can't buy happinessB. it is justified that money can't buy happinessC. it is authoritative that money can't buy happinessD. it is fair that money can't buy happiness2. We can infer that if one is very sad at some time in his life,_.A. he will be sad all his lifeB. he will never be happyC. he may be happy at other timeD. he may be influenced by the sadness all the time3. According to Ubel,_.A. money has much to do with happinessB. increases in money may make people happyC. money doesn't matter at allD. money has no effect on happiness4. Wealth does n't assure one of Ion g-term pleasure because.A. they don't know what to do with the moneyB. they are not good at using the moneyC. they gen erally expect more pleasure tha n money can bringD. they are not content with the wealth5. Lottery winners may not be happy —•A. if they quit their jobB. if they move to a sple ndid houseC. if they spe nd a lot of moneyD. if they are away from othersAnswer: CCBADPassage TwoTran spla nt surge ons work miracles. They take orga ns from one body and in tegrate them into ano ther, gran ti ng the lucky recipie nt a Ion ger, better life. Sadly, every year thousa nds of other people are less fortunate, dying while they wait for suitable organs to be found. The terrible con stra int on orga n tran spla ntati on is that every life exte nded depe nds on the death of some one young eno ugh and healthy eno ugh to have orga ns worth tran spla nting. Such donors are few. The wait ing lists are long, and gett ing Ion ger.Freedom from this con stra int is the dream of every tran spla nt surge on. So far attempts to make artificial organs have been disappointing: Nature is hard to mimic. Hence the renewed interest in trying to use organs from animals.Doctors in In dia have just announced that they have successfully tran spla nted a heart from a pig into a person. Pressure to in crease the nu mber of such "xe notran spla nts"（异种移植）seem to be grow in g. In Europe and America, herds of pigs are being specially bred and gen etically engin eered for organ donation. During 1996 at least two big reports on the subject-one in Europe and one in America- were published. They agreed that xenotransplantation was permissible on ethical gro un ds, and cautiously recomme nded they be allowed.The ethics of xen otra nspla ntatio n are relatively un worry ing. People already kill pigs both for food and for sport; killing them to save a human life seems, if anything, easier to justify. However, the scie nee of xenotran spla ntati on is much. less straightforward.Import an organ from one animal to another and you may bring with it any number of in fectious diseases. That much is well known. However, cop ing with this dan ger is not merely a matter of scree ning for obvious ills such as parasites. Many diseases that could harm huma ns may be both undetectable and harmless in their natural hosts. Diseases that have been dormant for years may suddenly become active if they find themselves in a new environment, such as a human recipie nt's body. After that, they may start to in fect other people.1. Despite tran spla nt surge ons' work, every year many people die because_.A. they are uni ucky patie ntsB. orga n tran spla ntati on is un reliableC. there are not eno ugh proper orga ns for tran spla ntati onD. few people are willi ng to don ate their orga ns after death2. Which of the following is NOT a limitation of organ transplantation?A. The orga n donor must be young eno ugh.B. The orga n donor must be healthy eno ugh.C. The orga n don ated must deserve tran spla nti ng.D. The orga n don ated must be removed from one body.3. Attempts to make artificial organs fail because_ ,A. it is difficult to make artificial orga ns as n atural as body orga nsB. it is difficult to imitate the huma n worldC. the product ion process is complicatedD. the product ion is limited by n ature4. The dan ger of tran spla nti ng ani mal orga ns into huma ns is that_ ,A. it is con sidered ethically wrongB. it may bring diseases into huma n bodiesC. it brings parasites into human bodiesD. it does more harm tha n good to huma ns5. The word "dorma nt" (Li ne 4, Para. 5) means_A. hidde nB. in activeC. pote ntialD. devilAnswer: CDABB。
英语四级快速阅读
浏览“快速阅读”快速阅读理解是四级考试改革后的一种新题型,要求考生在15分钟内阅读一篇1000—1200字左右的文章并完成后面的10道题，分值比例为15%。
其中前7题为是非判断题，后3题为填空题。
是非判断题是一种测试考生快速浏览文本、搜索所需信息，进行分类、推理的题型。
填空题是要求考生根据阅读文章的内容，将这些结构不完整的句子补充成完整的句子。
总体上，这两部分的目的都是测试考生的多项快速阅读技能，从而了解文章的主旨以及一些相关信息。
什么是快速阅读？快速阅读是利用视觉运动的规律,通过一定的方法训练,在较短的时间里阅读大量的书报资料的一种科学的学习方法。
“快速”的要求包括在指定时间段内浏览一定量的材料，能基本把握文章主旨，了解所陈述的信息项目，明确话题所表达的基本观点。
考生则需在注意力高度集中状态下，从所给文章中迅速搜寻出所需要的有价值的信息，以解题得分。
基本属性快速阅读这一概念的内涵应有以下几个属性构成:●阅读文学材料的快速性阅读强调的是阅读速度尽可能快，但不是泛泛地浏览和走马观花，否则只能浪费时间而不能准确答题。
快速阅读不仅仅要求阅读速度快，而且要求理解率高、记忆效果好，应该在注意力高度集中状态下，以直接获取有价值信息为目的的“快速理解 + 快速记忆”。
●阅读文学材料的无声性阅读是运用内部语言对文章进行简缩的阅读。
“内部言语”，即无声的思维语言，具有简缩、跳跃和无声的性质。
快速阅读要协调眼部跳停与内部思维相互协作，迅速感知文字符号，由书面信息转化为眼扫描信息，进而敏感反应成大脑记忆中枢信息。
文字材料的无声性要求阅读感知单位的训练，以提高阅读速度，直接影响考场发挥。
●阅读文学材料的科学性阅读是一种“去粗取精”式的阅读，并不是摄入所有文字内容，而是搜索、挑选重点、要点和脉络，用较少的时间和精力阅读相对较大的信息量，从中获得有用的知识和信息。
快速阅读在于快，而快的速度应该通过对文字材料内容的分析、把握；对阅读技巧、方法的摸索；对阅读能力系统、科学的训练来不断提高。
大学英语四级考试15选10专项训练答案（包含大学英语四级考试仔细阅读专项训练答案）
⼤学英语四级考试15选10专项训练答案（包含⼤学英语四级考试仔细阅读专项训练答案）⼤学英语四级考试15选10专项训练答案(包含⼤学英语四级考试仔细阅读专项训练答案)Unit one11. L 12. M 13. A 14. C 15. G 16. F17. E 18. N 19. H 20. IUnit Two11. K 12. L 13. J 14. F 15. E 16. C17. A 18. N 19. D 20. HUnit Three11. E 12. I 13. F 14. K 15. G 16. D17. L 18. J 19. N 20. CUnit Four11. I 12. A 13. G 14. J 15. M 16. E17. L 18. K 19. B 20. HUnit Five11. M 12. D 13. B 14. J ' 15. K 16. E17. H 18. G 19. L 20. AUnit Six11. H 12. E 13. C 14. F 15. J 16. G 17. A 18. M 19. D 20. IUnit Seven11. A 12. F 13. O 14. G 15. K 16. C 17. N 18. E 19. D 20. MUnit Eight11. F 12. G 13. D 14. N 15. O 16. C 17. L 18. I 19. M 20. EUnit Nine11. C 12. I 13. L 14. K 15. H 16. E 17. M 18. J 19. N 20. AUnit Ten11. C 12. L 13. O 14. D 15. F 16. G 17. N 18. A 19. J 20. KUnit Eleven11. I 12. J 13. G 14. M 15. K 16. C 17. F 18. H 19. D 20. BUnit Twelve11. B 12. H 13. F 14. G 15. N 16. M 17. L 18. C 19. J 20. EUnit Thirteen11. M 12. N 13. E 14. O 15. F 16. B 17. L 18. A 19. I 20. GUnit Fourteen11. A 12. E 13. G 14. C 15. F 16. D 17. N 18. O 19. M 20. HUnit Fifteen11. O 12. D 13. M 14. L 15. I 16. E 17. K 18. A 19. B 20. JUnit Sixteen11. F 12. O 13. E 14. C 15. K 16. A 17. H 18. N 19. B 20. DUnit Seventeen11. C 12. E 13. I 14. L 15. H 16. D 17. G 18. A 19. O 20. FUnit Eighteen11. L 12. E 13. J 14. M 15. I 16. N 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. FUnit Nineteen11. H 12. D 13. O 14. E 15. B 16. N 17. M 18. L 19. G 20. AUnit Twenty11. E 12. F 13. J 14. C 15. I 16. M 17. G 18. A 19. L 20. D Unit Twenty-One 11. F 12. C 13. G 14. M 15. B 16. H 17. N 18. L 19. O 20. AUnit Twenty-Two11. N 12. A 13. M 14. G 15. O 16. J 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. LUnit Twenty-Three11. I 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. O 16. K 17. N 18. F 19. A 20. EUnit Twenty-Four11. O 12. F 13. H 14. E 15. I 16. A 17. N 18. J 19. D 20. CUnit Twenty-Five11. B 12. L 13. I 14. C 15. J 16. E 17. O 18. H 19. A 20. NUnit Twenty-Six11. D 12. F 13. I 14. G 15. A 16. C 17. L 18. M 19. JUnit Twenty-Seven11. C 12. G 13. D 14. H 15. I 16. N 17. M 18. J 19. F 20. AUnit Twenty-Eight11. B 12. J 13. A 14. H 15. C 16. I 17. M 18. E 19. D 20. KUnit Twenty-Nine11. C 12. H 13. D 14. E 15. M 16. A 17. N 18. F 19. G 20. LUnit Thirty11. E 12. D 13. N 14. J 15. B 16. F 17. L 18. M 19. O 20. AUnit Thirty-One11. I 12. B 13. J 14. C 15. G 16. H 17. E 18. K 19. M 20. AUnit Thirty-Two11. A 12. E 13. G 14. M 15. L 16. F 17. C 18. H 19. N 20. DUnit Thirty-Three11. A 12. F 13. B 14. D 15. L 16. E 17. O 18. K 19. G 20. MUnit Thirty-Four11. D 12. F 13. C 14. N 15. A 16. B 17. G 18. E 19. O 20. M Unit Thirty-Five11. D 12. F 13. H 14. K 15. M 16. J 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. N Unit Thirty-Six11. D 12. E 13. I 14. C 15. K 16. H 17. O 18. J 19. F 20. B Unit Thirty-Seven11. I 12. B 13. E 14. A 15. M 16. G 17. L 18. D 19. J 20. C Unit Thirty-Eight11. H 12. I 13. B 14. D 15. J 16. K 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. L Unit Thirty-Nine11. B 12. C 13. E 14. J 15. G 16. F 17. K 18. O 19. D 20. H Unit Forty11. B 12. K 13. I 14. L 15. J 16. F 17. G 18. M 19. E 20. H Unit Forty-One11. B 12. F 13. E 14. H 15. A 16. M 17. N 18. J 19. G 20. O Unit Forty-Two11. D 12. A 13. B 14. E 15. K 16. N 17. M 18. C 19. J 20. L Unit Forty-Three11. O 12. I 13. B 14. H 15. G 16. C 17. L 18. J 19. N 20. A Unit Forty-Four11. D 12. F 13. L 14. J 15. G 16. I 17. H 18. C 19. M 20. B Unit Forty-Five11. D 12. E 13. K 14. H 15. F 16. L 17. O 18. I 19. J 20. C Unit Forty-Six11. D 12. H 13. M 14. F 15. I 16. K 17. N 18. A 19. J 20. C Unit Forty-Seven11. L 12. D 13. C 14. F 15. I 16. E 17. J 18. K 19. B 20. N Unit Forty-Eight11. B 12. L 13. F 14. G 15. K 16. E 17. M 18. O 19. I 20. C Unit Forty-Nine11. F 12. L 13. I 14. B 15. C 16. K 17. E 18. H 19. D 20. J Unit Fifty11. F 12. E 13. A 14. K 15. O 16. J 17. I 18. H 19. L 20. B 快速阅读练习答案skimming and scanning passage 11-7 BCACDCB8.overall white woman9.the beauty industry's standards10.the beauty desirabilityPassage2 DBADCAC10. 8. 【解析】feeling the vibrations of a struggling prey 9. 【解析】collagen fibers 10. 【解析】some fantast ic involuntary changesPassage3 BDDDBBA 8. personal life9. tired 10. listen carefully Skimming and Scanning Passage 4 1-7 BDDDCBD8. the challenges of married life 9. a formal suit 10. marriage promise Skimming and Scanning Passage 5 1-7 ABCDDCD8. gain the weight back 9. high-risk situations 10. a simple activity, such as reading or brushing teeth. Skimming and Scanning Passage 6 1 - 7. BCADCBD 8. pave the way9. irreplaceable10. more likelySkimming and Scanning Passage 7 1 - 7. DCBDAAB 8. dispersed in the atmosphere9. debris10. troubleSkimming and Scanning Passage 8 1 - 7. CABACDC8. two9. very upset10. eased Skimming and Scanning Passage 9 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. C 6.B 7. D8. the challenges of married life 9. a formal suit 10. marriage promise Skimming and Scanning Passage 10 1 - 7 ACBCDDC8. suggestion therapy 9. they are fascinated by it 10. accept it/ accept the methodSkimming and Scanning Passage 11 1 - 7. BDABCCD 8. a network of vessels9. an invading organism10. against future attacksSkimming and Scanning Passage 12 1-7 CDBDDDC8. National Committee9. Team manager 10. five yearsPassage13 CBCBCAC 8. 10.【解析】the losing of calcium【解析】do not mix well 9.【解析】electricity for manufacturing Skimming and Scanning Passage 141. A2.D3.B4.C5.A6.B7.C8. quite homogeneous 9.relationships with consumers 10.the appropriate mediaSkimming and Scanning Passage 151.C2.B3.D4.A5.D6.B7.C8. changes in the visa process 9. take their knowledge and skills back home10. strengthen the nation完形填空1 ACABD CBACD CADDD DBDCB2 CABBA CDCDC DDBBA DCBAC3 AAADC BADCD CBBCA DCCBD4 DACBA CDBAC BADCB ACBDD5 BCACB DDCAD AACAB BDDBC6 BAADC DBAAB ACDBC ADDAC7 BDBCD DBABD AABAD CBACC8 BDCDC BADAA BDBCD BDDCC9 BDCAC BDCCB ADBCD BCBDB 10 CABAA BBDCC DABAC ABCBB 11 CCADA AADBA BBCAA ADADB 12 ABCAA BDCBA BCBCD CABCA 13 CBABB CDBDA CBCDB BACBD 14 BCAAD BADBA ACDBC CDACB 15 B ACloze Test 17. BCCAC DDCAD BADBD BACAACloze Test 18. DCBAB DCDDA CBCDA BDCDBCloze Test 19. BABDC ACCBD DABAB CDADBCloze Test 20. ACDAB DBCAD BADDB AABCCCloze Test 21. BCCBD CADAB CDABC ADBCACloze Test 22. AADAC BCDCA ACDBA ADCBCCloze Test 23. ADDAB CDAAD BACBB BBCBACloze Test 24. BDADA CACBD BACDB BCACBCloze Test 2571. A) ago 72. C) idea 73. B) come 74. A) indoor 75. D) revealed 76. B) down 77. C) safe 78. A) reduced 79. D) destroy 80. B) however 81. C) completely 82. A) or 83.B) fact 84.D) developed 85.A) starts 86.D) inevitably 87. C) instead 88.C) adopting 89.B) beneficial 90. A) EntireCloze Test 2671-80 AADAB CDCBD81-90 CAADB CBDACCloze Test 2761. C)way62. A)save63. B)to64. C)simple65. D)think66. B)best67. B)whose68. C)in69. B)takes70. D)model71. B)make72. A)adopt73. D)keep74. B)possession75. A)run 76. A)appliance77. B)purpose78. C)item79. A)what80. D)fromCloze Test 2861.A about 62. B waving 63.B after 64.D not 65.A historical66.C identify 67.C fought 68.D idea 69.B signed 70.A place71. A Even 72.B just 73. D directly 74. A competitiveness 75.D as76. D good 77.C on 78. C teaching 79. A done 80.C andCloze Test 2971. A 72. B 73. B 74. A 75. D76. C 77. B 78. D 79. A 80. D81. B 82. C 83. A 84. D 85. A86. C 87. B 88. D 89. A 90. CCloze Test 3071. B 72. D 73. D 74. C 75. C 76. D 77. B 78. A 79. C 80. C81. B 82. B 83. D 84.A 85. C 86. A 87. D 88. B 89. D 90. C BC CDADB CCDBD BACCB 16 BBCAA CDBAB ABCDB AACDB。
大学英语四级考试快速阅读练习集锦
Passage 1 Beauty and Body Image in the MediaImages of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts—sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women‟s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they‟ll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career. Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult to achieve and maintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits. l women And it‟s no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not alneed to lose weight, for sure they‟re all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women‟s He alth in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with. The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year selling temporary weight loss (90 to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight).On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls. The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged —including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative (women uses unhealthy methods of weight control泻药) abuse, and self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women‟s Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar.Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled “Appearance Culture in Nine- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and and as a result have Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,” indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner,engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 per cent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 per cent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, “Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the televisio n programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight.”Unattainable BeautyPerhaps most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea ( 慢性腹泻) and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel (which manufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek a similarly underweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder. The Culture of Thinnesshalf times more ads and articles promoting weight loss than men‟s Researchers report that women‟s magazines have ten and one-h alf magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of women‟s magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman‟s bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery. uts Television and movies reinforce the importance of a thin body as a measure of a woman‟s worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fo reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above ing a average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negative comments from male characters about their bodies (“How about weared by canned audience laughter. sack?”), and 80 per cent of these negative comments are followThere have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck ( 抵制，反抗) the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Châtelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to -thin models were banned from include model s less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the world‟s biggest fashion capitals, ultras less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the world‟s biggest fashion capitals, ultrathe runway in 2006. Furthermore Spain has recently undergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using a most true to life measurement. unique process in which a laser beam is used to measure real life women‟s bodies in order to find theEthicsAnother issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women in the media. A 2008 study conducted by Juanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled “A Changing View: Representation and Effects of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Mainstream Women‟s Magazines” found that although there was an increase in the representation of women of colour, overall white women were -Improvement or Self-Destruction? overrepresent ed in mainstream women‟s magazines from 1999 to 2004. Selfand The barrage of messages about thinness, dieting and beauty tells “ordinary” women that they are always in need of adjustment—that the female body is an object to be perfected. Jean Kilbourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real women‟s bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize these stereotypes, h and judge themselves by the beauty industry‟s standards. Women learn to compare themselves to other women, and to compete wit them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability “effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。
大学英语四级新题型模拟训练（快速阅读）
⼀、快速阅读 If it weren’t for nicotine, people wouldn’t smoke tobacco. Why? Because of the more than 4000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, nicotine is the primary one that acts on the brain, altering people’s moods, appetites and alertness in ways they find pleasant and beneficial. Unfortunately, as it is widely known, nicotine has a dark side: it is highly addictive. Once smokers become hooked on it, they must get their fix of it regularly, sometimes several dozen times a day. Cigarette smoke contains 43 known carcinogens, which means that long-term smoking can amount to a death sentence. In the US alone, 420,000 Americans die every year from tobacco-related illnesses.Breaking nicotine addiction is not easy. Each year, nearly 35 million people make a concerted effort to quit smoking. Sadly, less than 7 percent succeed in abstaining for more than a year; most start smoking again within days. So what is nicotine and how does it insinuate itself into the smoker’s brain and very being?The nicotine found in tobacco is a potent drug and smokers, and even some scientists, say it offers certain benefits. One is enhance performance. One study found that non-smokers given doses of nicotine typed about 5 percent faster than they did without it. To greater or lesser degrees, users also say nicotine helps them to maintain concentration, reduce anxiety, relieve pain, and even dampen their appetites (thus helping in weight control). Unfortunately, nicotine can also produce deleterious effects beyond addiction. At high doses, as are achieved from tobacco products, it can cause high blood pressure, distress in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and an increase in susceptibility to seizures and hypothermia. First isolated as a compound in 1828, in its pure form nicotine is a clear liquid that turns brown when burned and smells like tobacco when exposed to air. It is found in several species of plants, including tobacco and, perhaps surprisingly, in tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplant (though in extremely low quantities that are pharmacologically insignificant for humans). As simple as it looks, the cigarette is highly engineered nicotine delivery device. For instance, when tobacco researchers found that much of the nicotine in a cigarette wasn’t released when burned but rather remained chemically bound within the tobacco leaf, they began adding substances such as ammonia to cigarette tobacco to release more nicotine. Ammonia helps keep nicotine in its basic form, which is more readily vaporised by the intense heat of the burning cigarette than the acidic form. Most cigarettes forsale in the US today contain 10 milligrams or more of nicotine. By inhaling smoke from a lighted cigarette, the average smoker takes 1 or 2 milligrams of vaporised nicotine per cigarette. Today we know that only a miniscule amount of nicotine is needed to fuel addiction. Research shows that manufacturers would have to cut nicotine levels in a typical cigarette by 95% to forestall its power to addict. When asmoker puffs on a lighted cigarette, smoke, including vaporised nicotine, is drawn into the mouth. The skin and lining of the mouth immediately absorb some nicotine, but the remainder flows straight down into the lungs, where it easily diffuses into the blood vessels lining the lung walls. The blood vessels carry the nicotine to the heart, which then pumps it directly to the brain. While most of the effects a smoker seeks occur in the brain, the heart takes a hit as well. Studies have shown that a smoker’s first cigarette of the day can increase his or her heart rate by 10 to 20 beats a minute. Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected. Indeed, a nicotine molecule inhaled in smoke will reach the brain within 10seconds. The nicotine travels through blood vessels, which branch out into capillaries within the brain.Capillaries normally carry nutrients but they readily accommodate nicotine molecules as well. Once inside the brain, nicotine, like most addictive drugs, triggers the release of chemicals associated with euphoria and pleasure. Just as it moves rapidly from the lungs into the bloodstream, nicotine also easily diffuses through capillary walls. It then migrates to the spaces surrounding neurones – ganglion cells that transmit nerve impulses throughout the nervous system. These impulses are the basis for our thoughts, feelings, and moods. To transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour, a neurone releases chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters. Like nicotine molecules, the neurotransmitters drift into the so-called synaptic spacebetween neurones, ready to latch onto the receiving neurone and thus deliver a chemical “message” that triggers an electrical impulse. The neurotransmitters bind onto receptors on the surface of the recipient neurone. This opens channels in the cell surface through which enter ions, or charged atoms, of sodium. This generates a current across the membrane of the receiving cell, which completes delivery of the “message”. An accomplished mimic, nicotine competes with the neurotransmitters to bind to the receptors. It wins and, like the vanquished chemical, opens ion channels that let sodium ions into the cell. But there’s a lot more nicotine aroundthan the original transmitter, so a much larger current spreads across the membrane. This bigger current causes increased electrical impulses to travel along certain neurones. With repeated smoking, the neurones adapt to this increased electrical activity, and the smoker becomes dependent on the nicotine.Questions 1 – 71. Although nicotine is probably the well-known chemical in cigarettes, it is not necessarily the one that changes the psyche of the smoker when cigarettes are smoked.2. In spite of the difficulties, according to the text more than thirty-five million people a year give up smoking.3. It has been shown that nicotine in cigarettes can improve people’s abilities to perform some actions more quickly.4. Added ammonia in cigarettes allows smokers to inhale more nicotine.5. Snorted substances reach the brain faster than injected substances.6. Nicotine dilates the blood vessels that carry it around the body.7. Nicotine molecules allow greater electrical charges to pass between neurones.1. N2. N3. Y4. Y5. N6. N7. YQuestions 8 - 108. Cigarette companies would have to cut the nicotine content in cigarettes by _________ to prevent them from being addictive.9. According to the passage, a cigarette can raise a smoker’s heart rate by _________ a minute.10. In order to transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour, a neurone sends _________ known as neurotransmitters. 8. 95%9. 10-20 beats 10. chemical messengers。
英语四级快速阅读专项练习(含答案解析)_0
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 英语四级快速阅读专项练习(含答案解析) 英语四级快速阅读专项练习(含答案解析) （一） Skimming and Scanning Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Animals on the Move It looked like a scene from Jaws but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was slowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock. Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the sharks skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over. Moving to Survive In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals. Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They1 / 2also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking. Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. ...。
大学英语四级快速阅读测试题及答案
Directions:In this part,you will have15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet1.For questions1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].For questions8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How to Visualize Your SuccessHave you ever heard of visualization(可视化)?Of course you have.Everybody’s heard of visualization and everybody partakes in it whether they realize it or not.How it works though is an altogether different matter.I want to take a closer look today at the mechanics of why visualizing works without necessarily delving into concepts and theories that cannot be proven.The brain has great difficulty in distinguishing between what’s true and what’s imagined.There is an off-cited(经常被引用的)example of an experiment conducted by Austrahan Psychologist,Alan Richardson.He took some basketball players and split them into3 equal groups.One group was told to practice their free throw technique twenty minutes per day. The next group was told to spend twenty minutes per day visualizing,but not attempting free throws,and the final group wasn’t allowed to either practice or visualize.At the end of the test period the group that had done nothing remained as they were,but both the other groups showed similar degrees of improvement,The people who only visualized playing basketball were able to perform almost as well as the ones who had actually practiced."How can that be so?"Firstly,the people practicing would miss some shots.Each time they missed they had in effect,practiced how to miss.The people that were visualizing would be hitting every basket so they were building up the feelings and memory of how to be successful.Forging a Path through a MeadowImagine walking home from a new job.You suddenly realize that there is a meadow of long grass that will cut20minutes off your walk.If you live in New York you’re going to need a great imagination for this one.The first few times you can barely see which way you had walked the previous day. However,after10or20times you can clearly see a pathway starting to form,and after100times all the grass is worn away and there’s a farmer with a shotgunand large dog waiting for you at the end.Let’s presume our gun-toting friend is a big softie and he allows you to use that route as long as you want.What are the odds that next time you try a slightly different direction?Slim to none would be my guess.After all,you know this way works and you have a lovely easy path.On the other hand,if Farmer Giles starts taking pot shotsat you and sportingly lets the dog try and shoot you too,before releasing it to sink its gnashers into your rear end,then you’ll probably find a new way home once you’re released fromhospital.The next time you’re walking home you opt against reacquainting yourself with Fido and spot another meadow further along the road.The same process then begins to take place only this time the original path you made has started to grow back.How We Create a Path in Our Mind That is what happens when we form thoughts in our mind.The first time we have a new thought it is a weakling(虚弱者)of a thought that has sand kicked in its face by stronger thoughts and beliefs.Each time you re-think it though it grows instrength as the physical pathway becomes more and more well-defined.Not only that,but if it is a belief that contradicts one you already hold,the older belief starts to atrophy and die.This also explains why we have the same thoughts over and over again and why people have difficulty snapping negative loops(循环)of thinking.The pathway has been established and it’s just easier to continue following it than trying to thinkabout something new and form a new connection in the brain.Making Visualization Work for YouVisualization is an incredibly successful and simple way of speeding up the process by fooling the unconscious into believing that you have already done something before you have. That’s what the basketball visualizers were doing,fooling their own unconscious into thinking they know how to hit basket after basket.Of course this in and of itself will not turn you into an NBA star,you do actually have to practice as well,but it will help you succeed more quickly.All you need to do to be successful at this is to visualize yourself doing something,as you would like to do it.Profound stuff,huh?Seriously though,that is all there is to it.How long you do it each day will affect the speed of change and it’s reallynot advisable visualizing your success for20minutes per day and then spending10 hours worrying about failing and replaying negative stuff in your head.It kind of defeats the object.You can also incorporate the"fake it till you make it"method in with your visualization to help speed up the process.This is simply a matter of pretending you are already proficient at something before you really are.Again,it’s simply a way of tricking your unconscious and getting it to do what you want it to do.Some people have difficulty with this process and tell me it’s being unrealistic.Well yeh,maybe they’re right,but who cares?If you want to be shackled by the chains of realism then go ahead,knock yourself out,but let me tell you this.There are few highly successful people out there that haven’t used this method or visualization at one time or another.In fact,successful people don’t care too much for reality;it just gets in the way and slows them down.What about you?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。
英语四级快速阅读专项训练(真题版附答案和详解)
英语四级快速阅读专项训练（真题版附答案和详解）Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.1.Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask howyou would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Cheating Hurts Other, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MartenIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate,have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A) sticks to them in their daily lifeB) makes them known to othersC) understands their true valuesD) sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spiritB) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trustD) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we don’t break any rules.D. so that we don’t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people’s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A) pay more dearlyB) become more confidentC) be widely admiredD) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to _____________________________.9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s _________________________.10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of ________________________________.2.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain. Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideasor presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆), Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案-英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案
英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案|英语四级考试阅读模拟题及答案在备考时间加强英语阅读的模拟练习，对于考好英语四级考试非常重要。
下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读模拟题，欢迎考生模拟阅读。
英语四级考试阅读模拟题(一)Where do pesticides fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil,water and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world: We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farmworkers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these veryreasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, says a wise physician, Dr Rene Dubos, yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence Manis part of nature (Para. 1, Lines 3-4)?A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental effects of pesticides?2. What is the authors attitude toward the environmental effects of pesticides?A. PessimisticB. IndifferentC. DefensiveD. Concerned3. In the authors view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _____.A. is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticidesB. now occurs most frequently among all accidental deathsC. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attentionD. is unavoidable because people cant do without pesticides in farming4. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemical because _____.A. limited exposure to them does little harm to peoples healthB. the present is more important for them than the futureC. the danger does not become apparent immediatelyD. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning5. It can be concluded from Dr. Dubos remarks that _____.A. people find invisible diseases difficult to deal withB. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatalC. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cureD. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides英语四级考试阅读模拟题答案1.[B] 题干的句子是文章第1段第3句，这是一个带有插入语的简洁句，contrary在此表示跟part of nature相反，因此答案为B。
大英四级-快速阅读SkimmingandScanning
第一部分：大学英语四级阅读I 快速阅读（Skimming and Scanning）做题技巧与练习快速阅读（Skimming and Scanning）题量为10题，1到7题为是非判断或选择题，8到10题为完成句子（填空题）。
采用一至两篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文，总长度在1000左右。
要求：考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信息。
题型：是非判断、选择题、句子填空完成句子等。
快速阅读（Skimming and Scanning）什么是“skimming”略读即快读或简略地读。
目的：以浏览全文的方法去了解作者的主题或主旨，以便对全文有个总体意思和结构的了解。
速度：普通速度的2倍。
方法：可略去一些文字不读，如读者感觉到已抓住内容的主要意思，可以省去半个段落甚至更多部分不读；把主要精力放在关键词和关键句上。
需要仔细阅读的地方：文章的开始段及结束段；每段的段首句及段尾句。
（“工”字型阅读法）什么是“scanning” ?查询阅读（Scanning）查询阅读又称查读或寻读。
也是一种快读。
但不同于略读。
目的：为寻找文章中某些特定的信息带着问题去寻找答案，如数字、人名、地名、某一细节等。
方法：读者首先确定所要搜寻的信息的关键词进行快速寻读，忽略无关部分。
1、快速阅读的应试策略1.1文章分类1）带小标题的文章: 文章每一部分,都有一个总括性的小标题,小标题一般概括这一部分的主题;2）不带小标题的文章: 没有明显的每一部分的分隔,需通过略读找出主题句或主题词（特别关注首段或段尾）.2. 命题规律规律一: 问题设置顺序与行文顺序基本一致;规律二: 问题通常为文章的主要内容及与主要内容紧密联系的细节;规律三: 包含数字,年代,人名,地名,机构名称等显著信息及用于描述或修饰主要内容的从句, 短语等往往是命题的重点.3、快速阅读选择题的做法做法与深度阅读题型相似，但是难度相对较低，正确的选项往往是原文内容的直接重现，或者是简单的同义替换。
英语四级阅读理解模拟练习及答案详解
英语四级阅读理解模拟练习及答案详解在英语学习过程中，阅读理解力量是学习者进展语言力量的基础和手段。
国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型，高校英语四级考试也不例外。
高校英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，为了提高大家的阅读水平，下面是我为大家带来英语四级阅读理解模拟练习及答案详解，盼望对大家的学习有所关心!Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among "situations vacant', although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among "situations wanted', although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job."Contact us before writing your application', or "Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history', is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparentsuccess of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. "Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams', was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. "Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for', was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number ofapplicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns .A) informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB) promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC) divides available jobs into various typesD) informs employers of the people available for work58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because .A) there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB) there are so many top?level jobs availableC) there are so many people out of workD) the job history is considered to be a work of art59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would .A) write an initial letter giving their life historyB) pass some exams before applying for a jobC) have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD) keep any detailed information until they obtained aninterview60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter .A) something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB) hinted information about the personality of the applicantC) ones advantages over others in applying for the jobD) an occasional trick with the aggressive approach61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because .A) there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB) there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC) jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD) the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that aftera long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rentcontrolled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, lowpaying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if "other things are equal'. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .A) cause a shortage of apartmentsB) worry those who rent apartments as homesC) increase the profits of landlordsD) encourage landlords to invest in building apartment63. According to the critics, rent control .A) will always benefit those who rent apartmentsB) is unnecessaryC) will bring negative effects in the long runD) is necessary under all circumstances64. The problem of unemployment will arise .A) if the minimum wage is set too highB) if the minimum wage is set too lowC) if the workers are unskilledD) if the maximum wage is set65. The passage tells us .A) the relationship between supply and demandB) the possible results of government controlsC) the necessity of government controlD) the urgency of getting rid of government controls66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A) The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B) Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C) Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D) Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.答案详解：57. B细节理解题。
大学英语四级———快速阅读做题技巧PPT课件
你知道吗？？？
❖ 一 在平时做英语阅读训练的时候，要定好了时 间训练，多练习就会适应快速阅读了，而且还能 找到做题的技巧。
❖ 实现它应有的效果。
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一、快速阅读的命题规律
❖1. 逻辑关系处常设考点 ❖ 逻辑关系散布在文章的句子中、句句之间以及段
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注意：
❖一、把没用的信息跳过。想找到有用的信息，
先要知道你要什么信息，才能有的放矢。要记住 尽量少但最有效的问题单词或者句子。要找这样 的单词：原文当中出现而且题目也出现，这样的 单词是重点，文章出现这样单词的前后要着重的 读，很可能大家就在这。
❖ 二、如果你找不到这样的单词，就要看懂问题问 的是什么，然后带着这个问题在读文章的时候要 有目的的读，遇到了就要仔细的读，很可能问题 大家就在那附近。
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❖ 定位词的本质：特殊性和细节性。 ❖ 文章中多次出现的语汇不是定位词。越细节越特
殊的词，在文章中出现的频率越低，一旦找到， 它旁边的信息应该就是考点了。
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❖ 意题干中的定语和状语。 ❖ 定语可以使一个概括性的概念更加细节化，状语
可以使一个一般性的动作更加特殊化。所以，如 果题干较长，又没有特殊印刷体文字的情况下， 选取定语和状语中有代表性的词作为定位词，比 较可靠。当然不排除主语和谓语本身就很特殊， 或者考点词本身就是定位词的情况。
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❖ 因为scanning的过程只是在查找，所以，在这 个时候，所有词汇都蜕变为符号。
❖ 定位词是个符号，原文所有词都是符号。 scanning是个符号对应的过程。眼睛如探照灯， 同时扫过好几行——找符号。
❖ 纠正scanning的错误，就是纠正在查读过程中， 总是想词汇意思的习惯。
大学英语四级模拟四级专项—快速阅读10
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Work-life balance: Ways to restore harmony and reduce stressFinding work-life balance in today’s frenetically (疯狂) paced world is no simple task.Spend more time at work than at home, and you miss out on a rewarding personal life. Then again, when you face challenges in your personal life, such as caring for an aging parent or coping with marital problems, concentrating on your job can be difficult.Whether the problem is too much focus on work or too little, when your work life and your personal life feel out of balance, stress — along with its harmful effects — is the result.The good news is that you can take control of your work-life balance — and give yourself the time to do the things that are most important to you. The first step is to recognize how the world of work has changed. Then you can evaluate your relationship to work and apply some specific strategies for striking a healthier balance.How work invades your personal lifeThere was a time when employees showed up for work Monday through Friday and worked eight- to- nine-hour days. The boundaries between work and home were fairly clear then. But the world has changed and, unfortunately, the boundaries have blurred for many workers. Here’s why:●Global economy. As more skilled workers enter the global labor market and companies outsource or move more jobs to reduce labor costs, people feel pressured to work longer and produce more just to protect their jobs.●International business. Work continues around the world 24 hours a day for some people. If you work in an international organization, you might be on call around the clock for troubleshooting or consulting.●Advanced communi cation technology. Many people now have the ability to work anywhere — from their home, from their car and even on vacation. And some managers expect this.●Longer hours. Employers commonly ask employees to work longer hours than they’re scheduled. Ofte n, overtime is mandatory (强制性的). If you hope to move up the career ladder, you may find yourself regularly working more than 40 hours a week to achieve and exceed expectations.●Changes in family roles. Today’s married worker is typically part of a dual-career couple, which makes it difficult to find time to meet commitments to family, friends and community.Married to your workIt can be tempting to rack up the hours at work —especially if you’re trying to earn a promotion or some extra money for a child’s education or a dream vacation. For others, working more hours feels necessary in order to manage the workload.But if you’re spending most of your time at work, your home life will likely pay the price. Consider the pros and cons of working extra hours on your work-life balance:●Fatigue. Your ability to think and your eye-hand coordination decrease when you’re tired. This means you’re less productive and may make more mistakes. These mistakes can lead to injury or rework and negatively impact your professional reputation.●Family. You may miss out on important events, such as your child’s first bike ride, your father’s 60th birthday or your high-school reunion. Missing out on important milestones may harm relationships with your loved ones.●Friends. Trusted friends are a key part of your support system. But if you’re spending time at the office instead of with them, you’ll find it difficult to nurture those friendships.●Expectations. If you regularly work extra hours, you may be g iven more responsibility. This could create a never-ending and increasing cycle, causing more concerns and challenges.Sometimes working overtime is important. If you work for a company that requires mandatory overtime, you won’t be able to avoid it, bu t you can learn to manage it. Most importantly, say no when you’re too tired, when it’s affecting your health or when you have crucial family obligations.Striking the best work-life balanceFor most people, juggling (巧妙处理) the demands of career and personal life isan ongoing challenge. With so many demands on your time —from overtime to family obligations — it can feel difficult to strike this balance. The goal is to make time for the activities that are the most important to you.Here are some ideas to help you find the balance that’s best for you:●Learn to say no. Whether it’s a co-worker asking you to spearhead (充当先锋) an extra project or your child’s teacher asking you to manage the class play, remember that it’s OK to respectfully say no. When you quit doing the things you only do out of guilt or a false sense of obligation, you’ll make more room in your life for the activities that are meaningful to you and bring you joy.●Leave work at work. Make a conscious decision to separate work time from personal time. When with your family, for instance, turn off your cell phone and put away your laptop computer.●Manage your time. Organize household tasks efficiently. Do one or two loads of laundry every day, rather than saving it all for your day off. A weekly family calendar of important dates and a daily list of to-dos will help you avoid deadline panic. If your employer offers a course in time management, sign up for it.●Get enough sleep. There’s nothing as stressful and potentially d angerous as working when you’re sleep-deprived. Not only is your productivity affected, but also you can make costly mistakes. You may then have to work even more hours to make up for these mistakes.●Communicate clearly. Limit time-consuming misunderstandings by communicating clearly and listening carefully. Take notes if necessary.●Nurture yourself. Set aside time each day for an activity that you enjoy, such as walking, working out or listening to music.●Set aside one night each week for recre ation. Take the phone off the hook, power down the computer and turn off the TV. Discover activities you can do with your partner, family or friends, such as playing golf, fishing or canoeing. Making time for activities you enjoy will rejuvenate (使年轻) you.Remember, striking a work-life balance isn’t a one-shot deal. Creating balance in your life is a continuous process. Balance doesn’t mean doing everything. Examine your priorities and set boundaries. Be firm in what you can and cannot do. Only you can restore harmony to your lifestyle.1. What will happen if your work life and personal life feel out of balance?A) You will have little time to finish your work.B) You may feel stress, which will affect you negatively.C) You will have a lot of time to share with your family.D) You will never balance the combination of life and work.2. The boundaries between work and home have blurred for the following reasons, EXCEPT _______.A) global economyB) changes in family rolesC) advanced communication technologyD) high divorce rate3. What will happen if you’re spending most of your time at work?A) You will lose both health and wealth.B) You will be hated by your loved ones.C) You will lose all your friends.D) You may be given more responsibility.4. According to the passage, you’d better say no to mandatory overtime when _______________.A) you get bored with the workB) you are not interested in the workC) you can’t get additional allowanceD) you have crucial family obligations5. What does the underlined sentence mean?A) You should do the things people ask you to do without feeling guilty.B) You shouldn’t do the things people ask you to do if you don’t want to.C) To do things people ask you to do can bring you a lot of joy.D) To do things for yourself is more meaningful than to do things for others.6. What will NOT happen if you don’t get enough sleep?A) You will feel stressed while working.B) You will have no sense of exhaustion.C) You can make costly mistakes.D) You will have low productivity.7. What does the real balance mean according to the author?A) Examining priorities and deciding what is the most important to you.B) Doing everything you want to do whether you can do it or not.C) Saying yes to everybody in order to maintain good relationships.D) Being firm that working overtime will strike a work-life balance.8. Spend more time at work than at home, and you won’t have enough time to enjoy your _______________.9. You have slow responses and your eye-hand coordination decreases when you’re ________.10. You can save a lot of time and avoid misunderstandings if you communicate clearly and ____________.参考答案1. B)。
英语四级新题型快速阅读技巧
英语四级新题型快速阅读技巧英语四级新题型快速阅读技巧英语四级新题型快速阅读技巧1、快速阅读技巧第一步：快速浏览，并判断大标题内容，确定文章主题当我们身处考场的时候，平静了自己的心情后，并准备开始对阅读理解题进行答题的时候，这个时候，你拿到了阅读理解题，就先要按照顺序开始作题。
这个时候，你要先快速浏览这个题，在浏览的时候，一定要抓住几点，那就是分析大标题所需要让你明白的目的。
对于我们自己来讲，遇到一个阅读的题的时候，看到了题目就自然而然地会想到这个题目的主要内容会是什么，所以，你拿到英语的阅读理解的时候，也是一样的，用母语的方式去分析一下，这个题它到底给了大题目后，会讲些什么主要的内容。
拿一个具体的例子来讲，例如我们拿到了一个阅读的题目里有一个词是Landfills，那么我们就要分析这个词，实际是什么意思。
Land+fill，土掩埋，会是什么?调动一切思维，那肯定是与环境有关的，那就是垃圾填筑地。
第二步：阅读小标题，了解内容，把握结构看过了大的标题，接下来的任务，就是要直接看小标题了。
对于小标题而言，就如我们中国的分段文章的总结句，这个时候，我们要看一下小标题与小标题之间的关系，例如是递进的，还是并列的，还是论述的关系，这样，我们就会对文章的结构有一个概括性的认识。
而且也可以根据小标题的具体内容来判断一下文章的主要内容。
还是根据刚才的那个单词，我们看到小标题之后，就会判断出，他们之间的联系，我们就会看到，例如处理垃圾的方式，处理垃圾的建议和计划，处理过程是如何动作的等。
好了，知道了小标题间的联系后，我们就开始判断文章的结构了。
了解文章的结构，完全可以帮助我们答题时进行定位，例如上面讲的就是，引起话题，讲建造，然后讲运作。
当然，如果给你的阅读理解题没有小标题的时候，也是一样的做。
那么就依照以下的顺序分别看第一段的第一句话，第二句和最后一句，然后再看第二段的第一句，最后一段的第一句和最后一句，这样，就利于你如何去快速定位并阅读的。
英语4级怎么快速阅读
英语4级怎么快速阅读篇一:英语四快速阅读怎么做英语四级复习经验,匹配题满分攻略1.首先要明白英语四级快速阅读也就是匹配题的考点是什么,第一个就是定位信息的能力,第二个是文章理解能力.其实匹配题是四级考试中唯一一个技巧大于知识的.2.要直到做题顺序,先是读题,然后通读文章,定位信息,将简单的.已经确认的选项划掉,然后在其它段落中排查答案.3.我用的真题:巨微——四级真题逐句精解,里面总结了一些匹配题定位,以及找关键词的技巧,我帮大家摘抄了下来,因为我亲测这个真的非常有用,用这个方法,我匹配题每次错1个左右.4.关键词可以找两个或两个以上,但是不能找一个,因为聪明的出题人在文章中安排了很多干扰项,你如果只找一个,很可能就会被误导,选错了答案,所以必须要勾画出至少两个关键词.5.一般要找的关键词类型:数字.时间.地点.人物.特殊字体和特殊符号??,其次还有一些首字母大写的词,专有名词,或者是长单词/词组,名词的比较级.最高级等,而且在关键词选择上尽量选择名词,因为名词变形较少,更好定位.6.但是要注意的是,你找得关键词不能是文章的主旨词,否则你的定位是没有意义的,因此,可以大致浏览文章,将那些重复出现的词排除在关键词外.7.一般每一篇文章,会有两个题对应同一段,其中之一就会比较难,会用到同义替换,或者要归纳总结之类的,这个需要认真分析,但是如果时间很紧张,建议放弃这道题,因为后面的传统阅读分值更高更加重要.8.很多做题技巧都需要大家自己总结,要多多练习,多多总结规律,也可以找一些视频课看看,推荐〝零元课〞网站,里面各个题型的视频课都能找到,还有各类电子资料,都是可以免费下载的.篇二:大学英语四级考试快速阅读的解题技巧大学英语四级考试快速阅读的解题技巧综观今年的四级快速阅读,三篇文章难度适中,都有大标题的提示,并分别以科技.经济.生活为题材.快速阅读的_个题,前面7个单选题出题思路和给题思路与_年6月份和_月份完全保持一致.7个选择题非常明确,所有问题基本都可以从原文中找到答案,文中没有太多的长难句,句式结构以简单句为主,题干的线索词较明确,如一些公司名词,人名之类,只要考生能够按照题干中的关键词去文章中寻找,都可以顺利的找到与之对应的主题句,然后再同义转换就可以选出正确答案.最后三个填空题和去年相比难度大幅下降.一般来讲,填空题部分则需要考生能够看懂句子结构,并去判断和文章中原句做出比较,改变单词的词形填上适当的词或词组,而今年3个填空题根本没有出现任何一个选项需要去改变单词形式的情况.实际上,在那么短的时间里,读那么长的文章,别说做题了,就是读也读不完.那么我们就要提高阅读速度,加强阅读速度的训练.以前大家做阅读练习,要深刻理解文章的含义,要避免陷入文章陷阱,要根据题目重点看文章的段落,可是快速阅读由于考验的是大家的阅读基础,所以在文章中涉及的生疏单词比较少,陷阱也几乎没有.如果大家能有良好的阅读基础,能快速找到文章的重点信息;而不在无关信息上纠缠,速度自然就快了起来. 大纲规定, 在快速阅读篇幅较长.难度略低的材料时,阅读速度达到每分钟1_词.〝能基本读懂国内英文报刊,掌握中心意思,理解主要事实和有关细节.能读懂工作.生活中常见的应用文体的材料.能在阅读中使用有效的阅读方法.〞快速阅读部分要求考生在_分钟的时间内读完一篇1_0字左右的文章和后面的_道题.这里我们分析一下快速阅读的题型分类.解题技巧及解题步骤,希望对备战CET4的考生有一定的帮助.二.题型分类及解题技巧快速阅读对理解深度和层次要求不高,因此考试中通常只出现两种题型:主旨题和细节题.主旨题主要考查考生对所读文章主要轮廓.主要内容或中心思想等全局性问题的理解和把握;而细节题主要考查考生对细节问题如具体介绍.数字.步骤等局部性内容的理解.（一）主旨题的解题技巧如何迅速把握文章的主旨和作者的态度观点?通常文章一般分为三个类型.第一类型是开门见山型的文章,这种文章的主题和作者观点往往在第一段就有所交待.第二种类型是靶子型的文章,靶子型的文章里,第一段里讲述的是一个现象或者一种观点,在第二段里,作者表达出自己的不同看法.所以,这种类型的文章在第二段中才能够看到文章的主题和作者的观点.第三种文章是并行的两条线索,比如说对比美国和日本两国的企业文化差异等,这种类型的文章,主题相对来说稍微难把握一点,因为可能每个段落都散布着主题的一个分支,如果幸运的话,考生也许在最后一段能够看到一个综述,否则的话,要想获得主题,还要将每一个段落的小主题做一个叠加才能够获得一个全面的文章主题.因此,根据英文文章的写作特点,解答快速阅读的主旨题时要注意以下几点: ⒈ 快速阅读文章第一.二段,抓住文章大意.背景和作者风格,因为作者一般会在文章开头几段概述全文.⒉ 快速浏览找出每段的中心句和几件事实,抓住一两个关键词,如果文中段落大意没有用一句话总结,就自己归纳出大意,在可能蕴含全文主旨的部分进行仔细阅读. ⒊ 注意转折词和序列词,有助于我们了解文章的脉络.（二）细节题的解题技巧快速阅读文章后面的_道试题中大部分都是细节题,因此对细节题的解题技巧要熟练掌握.首先,确定自己要找的信息.在阅读文章之前,目光快速扫描一遍后面的题目.其次,了解文章的信息分布.可查读各章节小标题进行定位,确定可能含有所需信息的部分.最后,找出所需的具体信息.在已经定位的区域,快速阅读直至锁定答案.作细节题时,一定要在题中寻找定位词,回到原文去找答案的出处.要从文章里找到想要的信息,先要明白你想要什么信息,才能有的放矢.而为了寻找的方便,不可能把题目整个句子背下来,所以要划出尽量少但最有效的寻找依据. 在找依据的时候需要定位线索,需遵循以下原则:1. 形式最鲜明的专有名词和数字时间,而且多多益善.因为这些也有可能是不止一次出现,有两有两个或者以上,就能比较确定.要注意读出隐性的数字,也就是本身没有数字,但暗示文章里有数字.比如考题中In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads. Death rate当然可能用数字来表达.所以返回到原文去就会要去找有出现死亡率数字的地方.2. 如果没有如此鲜明的标志,还可以去找一些拼写很长,比较有特点的词组.不一定是意义最重要或者对文章最重要,而是在原文中最可能明确地找到.二.解题步骤（一）略读全文,浏览大标题,分析小标题浏览大标题的目的是为了对文章内容有大致的了解.而分析小标题则是为了把握文章的总体结构,了解文章内容的基本构成.如果阅读理解的篇幅较短,考试中可以直接用题目中的关键词汇定位,但是面对长篇累牍的快速阅读,考生首先应当留意文章当中是否有小标题.如果有,一定要先读小标题,因为小标题的作用如同目录,可以帮助考生宏观地把握文章框架,迅速寻找到有效信息的范围.有时文章没有小标题,这时须按下列顺序浏览全文:第一段的第一句.第二句和最后一句,以下每一段的第一句及最后一段的第一句和最后一句.这种方法,意味着已经开始阅读,所以花的时间要长一些,但应该控制在两分钟之内.（二）仔细读题,划出标志词或关键词标志词指的是专有名词（人名.地名.组织名.国名等)和数字等有标志性的单词,根据这些单词,我们可以对试题涉及的内容在文章中的位置进行快速定位.如果试题中没有标志词,那么就根据试题中的名词.名词词组.动词.动词词组.形容词和形容词词组确定试题提问的内容,然后再确定试题在文章中的位置.（三）答题在答题时,首先要根据标志词或关键词确定试题所在的部分,即在哪一个小标题下.如果文章没有小标题,也可以对试题在文章中的位置进行模糊定位.因为真题的出题顺序与原文的相关位置是一致的.也就是说,第四题答案的位置绝不会在第三题前面.因此我们答题时,最好不要一道题一道题地答,而要两道两道地做,前后呼应,能更好地定位.切记,快速阅读并不是为了阅读而阅读,而是为了做题而阅读.我们一定重视阅读的快速性.无声性及科学性,集中注意力,充满自信的去阅读.篇三:大学英语四级快速阅读答题技巧讲解大学英语四级快速阅读答题技巧讲解一.题型揭秘大纲规定本部分有两种考查题型,即判断正误题和单项选择题,每年从中选择一种题型进行考查.但需要我们注意的是_年6月以前快速阅读的设题方式为7道判断题加3道补全句子题,而_年_月以来的真题中前7道均为单项选择题,后3道为补全句子题.从近几年的出题倾向来看,单项选择题更能够考查出学生快速阅读的能力和水平,因此单项选择题成为近几年快速阅读考查的主要形式.考生在复习时要对这两种题型都有所了解,在平时的训练中把重点放在单项选择题上.▲ 二．阅读步骤第一步:略读全文,确定结构快速浏览文章的开头第一段以及各部分的小标题,搞清文章的大体结构和主要内容（一般都可以判断第一道主旨题目的答案）第二步:分析问题,原文定位顺序做每一道小题,正确理解题目所表达的内容,根据题目中的关键词——题眼,在文中找到相应的位置（可以将小标题.数字.人名等信息作为题眼）第三步:分解问题,填写准确●对于填空题,先看所缺的句子成分,然后根据小标题或者题眼找到原文.尽量照抄原文,但要抄得恰到好处,抄得简练,也就是说,题干问什么或缺什么,就抄什么,其余不相干内容不要抄上,保证所填内容的准确性1.主旨题的解题技巧根据英文文章的写作特点,解答快速阅读的主旨题时要注意以下几点:（1)快速阅读文章第一.二段,抓住文章大意.背景和作者风格,因为作者一般会在文章开头几段概述全文;（2)快速浏览找出每段的中心句和几件事实,抓住一两个关键词,如果文中段落大意没有用一句话总结,就自己归纳出大意,在可能蕴含全文主旨的部分进行仔细阅读;（3)注意转折词和序列词,有助于我们了解文章的脉络.用于快速阅读的文章,在通常情况下每个小部分会有一个小标题,这样对考生迅速阅读文章并掌握文章的主旨大意非常有帮助,考生要善于利用这一点.另外,因为文章和段落结构通常遵守某种体裁的结构模式,因此在快速阅读时,并不需要每句话都仔仔细细地阅读.2.细节题的解题技巧快速阅读文章后面的_道试题中大部分都是细节题,因此对细节题的解题技巧要熟练掌握. ●（1)首先,确定自己要找的信息.在阅读文章之前,目光快速扫描一遍后面的题目;（2)其次,了解文章的信息分布.可查读各章节小标题进行定位,确定可能含有所需信息的部分;（3)最后,找出所需的具体信息.在已经定位的区域,快速阅读直至锁定答案.大学英语四级快速阅读答题技巧讲解三:基本要求1. 快速阅读的文章基本都是专业题材的文章,很多考生可能会觉得很陌生,但是对于CET-4的快速阅读开始来说,只要求考生对题目所提到的信息在原文中能够找到即可,只是有时需要简单的同义词/同义短语替换2. 略读（Skimming）和寻读（Scanning）的能力在大学英语四级考试中显得尤为重要3. 快速阅读要求考生的阅读速度是每分钟1_-_0词快速阅读答题技巧▲答题技巧一: 详略得当对于大学英语四级快速阅读测试来说,根据题目的〝题眼〞快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的,这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当.克服精读精益求精的习惯,做到有信息处精读,无信息处略读,略读处一扫而过.对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项,它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子,因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处,都可以略读.那么题目中数字.人名等信息（题眼）在原文中对应的部分必须详读.[例1] >原文中有这样一段:There are two ways to bury trash:? Dump — an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!)? Landfill—carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.· Sanitary landfil l — landfill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment · Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill — landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment文章是对Dump和Landfill分别做了一个解释,这些就应该是考生略读的地方▲答题技巧二:显性信息查读的信息通常是显性信息,只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案,一般不需要做推理.▲答题技巧三:题文同序大学英语四级考试的快速阅读部分,问题顺序与原文顺序一致（有1-2题顺序不一致）,这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题,对于所有的四级快速阅读文章这个技巧都适用.▲▲答题技巧四:相关信息准确合并快速阅读文章中有时可能会问到所面临的问题是什么?某事情的原因是什么?等等,这样的问题在文中可能是在不同的位置都有表述,所以考生遇到这样的问题时,不能只局限在某一段里面找答案,可以先做后面的题目,在后面的阅读中发现还有该题的答案时,将相关信息合并后再确定答案大学英语四级答题技巧讲解快速阅读能力的提高固然有赖于考生在大量阅读中逐步的积累.但是,在平时的训练的时候,应该注意通过对逻辑关系（信号词）.标点符号乃至一些特征语言信息点,乃至寻读等方法的积极运用,实现文章主旨的快速把握,对细节题的准确定位,对推理题的合理归纳.一.逻辑关系在快速阅读中的运用快速阅读理解能力的提高是有一定方法可循的,为此我们首先提示考生应该尤其注意文章逻辑关系在快速阅读中的运用.逻辑关系散布在文章的句子内部.句句之间.以及段落之间.最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种:1.因果关系:as a result ,therefore,hence,consequently,because, for, due to, hence,等等.2.并列.递进关系:and, or, then,in addition,besides,in otherwords,moreover等等.3.转折关系:however,but, yet, in fact等等.这些我们其实已经很熟悉的逻辑提示词在文章中起的效果,并非仅仅是衔接文章的句子,从阅读的角度来看,其实同时在给我们某种提示,告诉我们哪些句子是有效信息,相对重要的信息,哪些信息是相对不重要的信息,因为我们在处理文章的时候,有一条清晰的思路,你不是为了完整翻译文章而进行阅读,而是为了获取主旨来阅读.例如样题中的第一段:You have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don’t think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don’t have to think about that waste again, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up.▲我们注意到,在该段尾部出现了〝But〞.这里的〝But〞,说明作者陈述的内容的逻辑主旨发生了变化,因此,转折逻辑词之前的信息就变得不重要了,简单的处理方法是可以仅保留阅读转折词之后的信息.相应地,并列.递进关系词,意味着它们前后衔接的信息从主旨的体现上没有发生变化,而更多的表现为前后句子主旨的相似性,所以我们选择其中的一半进行阅读.这样,在保证了阅读质量的基础上,也极大地提高了阅读速度.如样题中〝How Is a Landfill Operated?〞一段中:Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. Amulti-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals(paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies.注意到〝In addition〞,该词的出现意味着其后内容和上一段信息主旨基本一致,可以放弃本句的阅读.二.标点符号在快速阅读中的运用可以运用标点符号(破折号.小括号.冒号)了解不认识的词汇或句子的含义.因为这些标点符号的出现就是为了更进一步地其前的信息.但同时,由于快速阅读用词相对比较简单,很容易理解和把握标点前的被解释信息,所以,可以将这些标点符号后面的信息删除,从而更加快速地把握文章的主旨.例如样题中有下列信息:Dump—an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!)Landfill—carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.? Sanitary landfill—land fill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment? Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill—landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment。
(完整word版)英语四级快速阅读专项练习(含答案解析),推荐文档
英语四级快速阅读专项练习(含答案解析)（一）Skimming and ScanningDirections: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Animals on the MoveIt looked like a scene from “Jaws”but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was slowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the shark’s skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over.Moving to SurviveIn pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals.Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking.Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks’movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle.Skin Is the KeyThe biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed.The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the body’s back and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the shark’s body snaps back the other way.As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tailwhips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet.Source of EnergyWhat causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the shark’s similarity to a belted radial tire doesn’t stop with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark’s collagen “radials”. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers.When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place.The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored.This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable.Dolphin Has Speed RecordAnother fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal’s efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphin’s skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish down.In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water. The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skin’s folds. This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds.Other Animals Less EfficientNot all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy.Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem?1.According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except____________.[A]to find food[B]to avoid being chased by its enemies[C]to find a new place to live[D]to show its braveness2.Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that _______________.[A]humans are the most clever living creatures in the world[B]human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environment[C]humans are very successful in inventing transportation tools[D]humans can’t move like other animals in any circumstances3.What is the key to the shark’s swift locomotion in water?[A]The skin. [B]The tail. [C]The muscle. [D]The jaw.4.According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its collagen fibers to the greatest extent?[A]When moving its tail rapidly.[B]When finding its preys.[C]When staying without any movement.[D]When bending its body in swimming.5.Why is the area just under the shark’s collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire?[A]Because it is also full of blood pressure.[B]Because it is also filled of air pressure.[C]Because it is also inflated by pressure.[D]Because it also can be used again and again.6.A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims________________.[A]slowly through the water[B]rapidly through the water[C]against the current[D]at the fastest speed in water7.Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travel _________ as long as a slug.[A]one twelfth times[B]the same[C]12 times[D]1.2 times8.A shark finds its prey by________________.9.According to the passage, _______________can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them store energy when stretched.10.When the shark detects an important food source, _______________________take place.（二）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked E A I, I B 3, I C I and IDa. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.About Story ReaderParents dearly hope their children learn to read well. They also hope their children learn to read quickly and easily, so that they’re ready for the demands put on them by school and the world.Kids want to learn how to read, but they also crave entertainment, whether it’s quiet and passive or dynamic and interactive. The aims of the Story Reader line of electronic books are to entertain children and to introduce them to the processof learning how to read in a gentle and enjoyable way. In this article, we’ll show you how Story Reader works and if it accomplishes that goal.Story Reader is a compact, roughly 12-inch-by-12-inch plastic case (with a carrying handle ) that opens to reveal an actual book that fits snugly into the Reader itself. Story Reader’s core feature is that it "reads" the book aloud to a child as he follows along. The child turns the pages when prompted by the Story Reader or at his own pace.Books have both text and illustrations. The electronic book responds to the child’s wishes. The Story Reader speaks the text for the current page. If the child turns back a few pages, the Reader recognizes that page and reads it again. Kids react well to this interactivity because it instills a sense of cuntrol over the story.There are Three Story Reader ProductsThe basic Story Reader, introduced in 2003, is as described above and is intended for kids three years of age and older.Each book has a small companion cartridge that slides into a port on the case and contains the audio encoded into its memory for the story.The device has a volume control but no on/off switch--a deliberate choice so kids can simply open it up and begin reading. It takes four AAA batteries (or operates on household current with an optional adaptor) and retails for around $20.Find out more information about the more than 60 titles at the Story Reader website.Early in 2006, Publications International, Ltd.--Story Reader’s publisher--introduced My First Story Reader, designed for newborns to kids up to age three. As with the original, a narrator reads the story aloud, this time from a 12-page book made from a heavier paperstock that includes sound effects and music to enliven the experience.My First Story Reader features two play modes, one with narration, the other that asks questions about the images on each page. The child can press any of three buttons to answer basic questions about shapes and colors. The last two pages ofeach My First Story Reader book features a sing-along rhyming melody. My First Story Reader retails for about $20.Late in 2006, Publications International introduced a video version of Story Reader called Story Reader Video Plus for kids up to the age of seven. Retailing for about $35, it combines a stand-alone Story Reader with an "Animated Story Mode"that plays through your television and includes a "Learning Game Mode".The Animated Story Mode works just as it sounds--when you connect it to your television through color-coded cables, the story appears on screen and changes as your child turns the pages. Kids get to the Learning Game Mode by turning to thelast page of the book. There, they can choose from five educational games. While it depends on the story, generally there are pattern games, memory games, and platform games. Similar to Nintendo games like Super Mario Brothers, in a platform game the child uses the included controller to guide him through the environment and conquer obstacles.Story Reader Video Plus isn’t a video game, technically, and Publications International bills the Story Reader line more as electronic books than toys. This reassures many parents, and it’s why Story Reader is sold in bookstores and in the book section of major retailers.What about the Educational Underpinnings of Story Reader?Studies show an alarming decline in reading rates among all age groups in America, especially among the young.Children are bombarded on a daily basis with multiple forms of entertainment that compete with traditional learning.Kids naturally emulate the adults in their lives, and seeing their parents and other family members enjoy reading is a powerful motivator. Establishing and keeping a Read-At-Home Night helps families spend time together and helps form lifelong reading habits in children.Here’s how you do it:·Set aside one night a week in your household and call it "Read-At-Home Hour"--or anything you prefer. Establish a time allotment that works for your family, for example, 30 minutes or an hour.·Minimize interruptions from the TV, computer, and video games--and turn on the telephone answering machine.·Choose one book for the entire family to read aloud together, or encourage individual family members to choose their own books to read quietly. Electronic books can work in this context, as well.·Finally, sit down, relax, and read.1. The aims of the Story Reader line of electronic books are __[A] to entertain and teach children[B] to play with the child[C] to ease the parents’burden[D] to ease the teachers’burden2. Story Reader’s key characteristic is that __[A] it "reads" the book which the child likes[B] it "reads" the book while the child plays[C] it "reads" the book while the child follows along[D] it "reads" the book while the parent works3. Children __ are suitable users of the basic Story Reader.[A] up to six months old[B] up to age one[C] up to age two[D] up to age three4. The basic Story Reader for sale is about __[A] 12 dollars[B] 20 dollars[C] 35 dollars[D] 60 dollars5. My First Story Reader is characteristic with[A] two play modes[B] three play modes[C] four play modes[D] five play modes6. Story Reader Video Plus is a video version of Story Reader designed for __[A] newborns to kids up to age three[B] newborns to kids up to age seven[C] children up to the age of five[D] children up to the age of seven7. How many games can children choose from the Animated Story Mode?[A] four[B] five[C] six[D] seven8. If the Story Reader speaks the text for the current page, but the child tums back a few pages, it will __________9. Late in 2006, we can infer that there were Story Reader products___________.10. Like Super Mario Brothers, children in a platform game use the included controllers to__________（三）Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [ C ]and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Right Amount of EnergyWe all enjoy being around people with energy. They inspire us. They are stimulating, fun, and uplifting. An energetic person has passion in his voice, a bounce in his step, and a smile on his face. Energy makes a person likable, and likability is akey ingredient in persuasive communications. Many business professionals underestimate the energy level required to generate enthusiasm among their listeners. But electrifying speakers bring it. They have an energy that is several levels higher than the people they are attempting to influence.Most business professionals could use an energy boost for public speaking situations such as Webinars, podcasts, staff meetings, conference calls, and television and radio interviews. Each of these opportunities requires a higher level of energythan would normally be appropriate if you were just chatting to someone in the hallway. But how do you project the right level of vigor without seeming over the top? By weighing yourself on an energy scale. And on this scale, more is better.The Energy ScaleRecently I helped an executive prepare for his first major presentation in his new role."Tell me where your energy is right now on a scale of one to ten," I asked. "One being fast asleep and ten being Jim Cramer on Mad Money. You know, the guy who’s yelling and gesturing wildly on his CNBC show. Where are you now?""A three," the speaker replied."OK, what would it feel like to be a seven, eight or nine? Give it a try," I suggested.If they’re being honest, most presenters place themselves at a three to six on the energy scale. That means there is plenty of room to boost your energy while not appearing too zany. But keep in mind, once you hit a ten or higher, you could be the next YouTube (GOOG) hit--which is not necessarily your top objective! Here are several surefire strategies to boost your energy presence.1. Practice leaving your comfort zone.Record several minutes of your presentation as you would normally deliver it: Play it back, preferably with someone else watching and listening as well. Ask yourself and the observer, where am I on the energy scale? Now try it again. This time,break out of your comfort zone. Ham it up. Raise your voice. Use big gestures. Put a big smile on your face. Get to a point where you would feel slightly awkward and uncomfortable. Now watch it. Most likely your energy level will be far more engaging and still remain appropriate fur the situation.2. Smile and have fun.Why do most people seem to enjoy Virgin entrepreneur Richard Branson? Because the guy has fun and it shows. He always has a warm, engaging smile on his face. Of course, you can argue that it’s easy to walk around with a smile when you’re worth $4 billion! But seriously, smile. Itwon’t hurt and it will make you more likable. Most business professionals don’t smile as much as they should during presentations. I’m helping some executives prepare for CES, the big Consumer Electronics Show in January where they will announce new products. They get so caught up in the slides and what they’re going to say ( as they should during preparation ), they forget that new products bring joy to their consumers. In most cases--with the exception of bad news, of course--the first and last thing you say to yourself before launching into your presentation should be, "Have3. Get your body moving.Many people are uncomfortable using expansive hand gestures. Don’t be. I spoke to David McNeill at the University of Chicago, who is known for his research into gesture and speech. He says that clear, confident speakers use hand gestures and that the gestures leave a positive impression on listeners.He went on to say that using gestures will help you speak better because for most of us it takes effort not to use gestures.Don’t be afraid of using your hands.AOL’s (TWX) is one of my favorite video search engines. I use it to retrieve clips of business speakers to study their body language. Symantec’s (SYMC) John Thompson, Oracle’s (ORCL) Larry Ellison, Cisco’s (CSCO) John Chambers, and eBay’s (EBAY) Meg Whitman are excellent examples of people with confident, energetic body language.4. Study TV and radio personalities.Stars of television and radio who score high on the likability scale have high-energy personalities. I had a conversation with Suze Orman over the phone a couple of years ago and remember it to this day. Her energy comes right through the speaker. What you see on her CNBC show is what you get behind the scenes. High energy. The other day I watched Food Network (SSP) star Rachael Ray sign books at a mall where I happened to be shopping. Sometimes critics poke fun at her"perky" personality and phrases like "yum-o," but the fact is she has energy and millions of viewers enjoy it. The networkmorning-show hosts are typically chosen for their energetic personalities. Today’s Matt Lauer on NBC (GE) and The EarlyShow’s Julie Chen on CBS (CBS) are excellent examples, but there are many others on morning television.Remember, maintaining an energetic presence is very difficult to do unless you’re involved with something you enjoy. If you are truly passionate about your company, product, or service, then show it. Speak with energy and vitality. Your listenerswill love you for it.l. From the first paragraph, what is a key point in persuasive communication?[A] Stimulation.[B] Uplitting.[C] Fun.[D] Likability.2. Have an energy several levels higher than the people they are attempting to influence.[A] Electrifying speakers[B] Business professionals[C] Und.vnamic persons[D] Listeners3. How do people show the right level of energy without seeming over the top’?[A] By underestimating the energy level.[B] By undervaluing the energy level.[C] By estimating an energy scale.[D] By using a lower level of energy.4. The scale of the energy is[A] seven, eight or nine[B] ten or higher[C] three to six[D] one to ten5. What does the example mean in the third paragraph?[A] There is little room to boost your energy while not appeanng too zany.[B] There is a little room to boost your energy while not appearing too zany.[C] There is much room to boost your energy while not appearing too zany.[D] There is no room to boost your energy while not appearing too zany.6. Why is Virgin entrepreneur Richard Branson popular?[A] Because he has fun and it shows.[B] Because he doesn’t smile as much as he should during presentations.[C] Because he is very humorous.[D] Because he is famous.7. David McNeill says that confident speakers use __[A] hand gestures[B] speech[C] smile[D] expression8. I use AOL’s (TWX) to retrieve clips of business speakers to__________9. Stars of television and radio who score high on the lik ability scale have__________10. Maintaining an energetic presence is very difficult to do unless__________（四）The EarthPower and LightCompared to the rest of the universe, the Earth is very small. Our planet and seven others orbit the Sun, which is only one of about 200 billion stars in our galaxy. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is part of the universe, which includes millions of othergalaxies and their stars and planets. By comparison, the Earth is microscopic.Compared to a person, on the other hand, the Earth is enormous. It has a diameter of 7,926 miles ( 12,756 kilometers) at the equator, and it has a mass of about 6 x 1024 kilograms. The Earth orbits the Sun at a speed of about 66,638 miles per hour (29.79 kilometers per second). Don’t dwell on those numbers too long, though; to a lot of people, the Earth is inconceivably, mind-bogglingly big. And it’s just a fraction of the size of the Sun.From our perspective on Earth, the Sun looks very small. This is because it’s about 93 million miles away from us. The Sun’s diameter at its equator is about 100 times bigger than Earth’s, and about a million Earths could fit inside the Sun. TheSun is inconceivably, mind-bogglingly bigger.But without the Sun, the Earth could not exist. In a sense, the Earth is a giant machine, full of moving parts and complex systems. All those systems need power, and that power comes from the Sun.The Sun is an enormous nuclear power source--through complex reactions, it transforms hydrogen into helium, releasing light and heat. Because of these reactions, every square meter of our planet’s surface gets about 342 Watts of energy from the Sun every year. This is about 1.7 ~ 1017 Watts total, or as much as 1.7 billion large power plants could generate. You can learn about how the Sun creates energy in How the Sun Works.When this energy reaches the Earth, it provides power for a variety of reactions, cycles and systems. It drives the circulation of the atmosphere and the oceans. It makes food for plants, which many people and animals eat. Life on Earth could not exist without the Sun, and the planet itself would not have developed without it.To a casual observer, the Sun’s most visible contributions to life are light, heat and weather.Night and DaySome of the Sun’s biggest impacts on our planet are also its most obvious. As the Earth spins on its axis, parts of the planet are in the Sun while others are in the shade. In other words, the Sun appears to rise and set. The parts of the world that are in daylight get warmer while the parts that are dark gradually lose the heat they absorbed during the day.You can get a sense of how much the Sun affects the Earth’s temperature by standing outside on a partly cloudy day.When the Sun is behind a cloud, you feel noticeably cooler than when it isn’t. The surface of our planet absorbs this heat from the Sun and emits it the same way that pavement continues to give off heat in the summer after the Sun goes down. Ouratmosphere does the same thing-it absorbs the heat that the ground emits and sends some of it back to the Earth.The Earth’s relationship with the Sun also creates seasons. The Earth’s axis tips a little-about 23.5 degrees. One hemisphere points toward the Sun as the other points away. Thehemisphere that points toward the Sun is warmer and gets more light--it’s summer there, and in the other hemisphere it’s winter. This effect is less dramatic near the equator than at the poles, since the equator receives about the same amount of sunlight all year. The poles, on the other hand, receive no sunlight at all during their winter months, which is part of the reason why they’re frozen.Most people are so used to the differences between night and day (or summer and winter) that they take them for granted.But these changes in light and temperature have an enormous impact on other systems on our planet. One is the circulation of air through our atmosphere. For example:The Sun shines brightly over the equator. The air gets very warm because the equator faces the Sun directly and because the ozone layer is thinner there.As the air warms, it begins to rise, creating a low pressure system. The higher it rises, the more the air cools. Water condenses as the air cools, creating clouds and rainfall. The air dries out as the rain falls. The result is warm, dry air, relatively high in our atmosphere.Because of the lower air pressure, air rushes toward the equator from the north and south. As it warms, it rises, pushing the dry air away to the north and the south.The dry air sinks as it cools, creating high-pressure areas and deserts to the north and south of the equator.This is just one piece of how the Sun circulates air around the world--ocean currents, weather patterns and other factors also play a part. But in general, air moves from high-pressure to low-pressure areas, much the way that high-pressure air rushes from the mouth of an inflated balloon when you let go. Heat also generally moves from the warmer equator to the cooler poles.Imagine a warm drink sitting on your desk--the air around the drink gets warmer as the drink gets colder. This happens on Earth on an enormous scale.The Coriolis Effect, a product of the Earth’s rotation, affects this system as well. It causes large weather systems, like hurricanes, to rotate. It helps create westward-running trade winds near the equator and eastward-running jet streams in the northem and southem hemispheres. These wind patterns move moisture and air from one place to another, creating weather patterns. (The Coriolis Effect works on a large scale--it doesn’t really affect the water draining from the sink like some people suppose. )The Sun gets much of the credit for creating both wind and rain. When the Sun warms air in a specific location, that air rises, creating an area of low pressure. More air rushes in from surrounding areas to fill the void, creating wind. Without the Sun, there wouldn’t be wind. There also might not be breathable air at all.Water and FireThe Sun has a huge effect’on our water. It warms the oceans around the tropics, and its absence cools the water around the poles. Because of this, ocean currents move large amounts of warm and cold water, drastically affecting the weather andclimate around the world. The Sun also drives the water cycle, which moves about 18,757 cubic miles (495,000 cubic kilometers) of water vapor through the atmosphere every year.If you’ve ever gotten out of a swimming pool on a hot day and realized a few minutes later that you were dry again, you have firsthand experience with evaporation. If you’ve seen water form on the side of a cold drink, you’ve seen condensation inaction. These are primary components of the water cycle, also called the hydrologic cycle,。
大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解1-10
大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解1What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party orthe sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our conceptsof health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 .But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted答案及解析1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。
四级快速阅读技巧和15选10技巧
与原文某项事实相矛盾; 将原文事实张冠李戴; 增加,减少或删除了原文中的范畴,频率或可能性的词语, 如: many----all; sometimes--- always, may---must
N: 题目表述: 1) 与原文事实完全相反;
4.是非判断题的解题思路
N: 题目表述: 5) 混淆表示比较概念的词语, 如将原文中的比较级转述为最高级(反之如此), 或比较对象混淆.
快速阅读技巧
大学英语四级考试
汇报人姓名
CLICK TO ADD TITLE
快速阅读(Skimming and Scanning)
考试时间: 15分钟
题型: 7道选择题或判断对错题(1—7), 3道填空题, 共10小题
考核目标: 阅读(略读和跳读)速度; 查找文章关键信息的能力;
阅读材料的特点: 文章通常为1000单 词左右, 有标题, 题材广泛, 围绕主题展开若干点, 信息量大.
1
NG:题目表述: 1)将原文内容具体化;
2
无原文事实根据, 如无根据的比较原文中涉及的对象, 将原文的抽象概念转述为事实.
3
B
D
A
C
思路一: 原文中的重点词汇或短语
思路三: 原文中相邻且关联的句子的综合
思路二: 原文句子的转换 (包括句法和词汇)
思路四: 原文信息的简化与提取
5.填空题的命题思路
快速浏览文章标题及小标题(无小标题则关注文章首段及尾段),以求把握文章主题及结构; 快速略读题目----首先要明确题目问的是什么? (如:原因,地点,方式---); 其次要找出问句中的关键词 (如:主语,谓语); 最后要特别留意问题中的一些专有名词及时间,地点等特殊信息提示词或短语;
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Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Work-life balance: Ways to restore harmony and reduce stressFinding work-life balance in today’s frenetically (疯狂) paced world is no simple task.Spend more time at work than at home, and you miss out on a rewarding personal life. Then again, when you face challenges in your personal life, such as caring for an aging parent or coping with marital problems, concentrating on your job can be difficult.Whether the problem is too much focus on work or too little, when your work life and your personal life feel out of balance, stress — along with its harmful effects — is the result.The good news is that you can take control of your work-life balance — and give yourself the time to do the things that are most important to you. The first step is to recognize how the world of work has changed. Then you can evaluate your relationship to work and apply some specific strategies for striking a healthier balance.How work invades your personal lifeThere was a time when employees showed up for work Monday through Friday and worked eight- to- nine-hour days. The boundaries between work and home were fairly clear then. But the world has changed and, unfortunately, the boundaries have blurred for many workers. Here’s why:●Global economy. As more skilled workers enter the global labor market and companies outsource or move more jobs to reduce labor costs, people feel pressured to work longer and produce more just to protect their jobs.●International business. Work continues around the world 24 hours a day for some people. If you work in an international organization, you might be on call around the clock for troubleshooting or consulting.●Advanced communi cation technology. Many people now have the ability to work anywhere — from their home, from their car and even on vacation. And some managers expect this.●Longer hours. Employers commonly ask employees to work longer hours than they’re scheduled. Ofte n, overtime is mandatory (强制性的). If you hope to move up the career ladder, you may find yourself regularly working more than 40 hours a week to achieve and exceed expectations.●Changes in family roles. Today’s married worker is typically part of a dual-career couple, which makes it difficult to find time to meet commitments to family, friends and community.Married to your workIt can be tempting to rack up the hours at work —especially if you’re trying to earn a promotion or some extra money for a child’s education or a dream vacation. For others, working more hours feels necessary in order to manage the workload.But if you’re spending most of your time at work, your home life will likely pay the price. Consider the pros and cons of working extra hours on your work-life balance:●Fatigue. Your ability to think and your eye-hand coordination decrease when you’re tired. This means you’re less productive and may make more mistakes. These mistakes can lead to injury or rework and negatively impact your professional reputation.●Family. You may miss out on important events, such as your child’s first bike ride, your father’s 60th birthday or your high-school reunion. Missing out on important milestones may harm relationships with your loved ones.●Friends. Trusted friends are a key part of your support system. But if you’re spending time at the office instead of with them, you’ll find it difficult to nurture those friendships.●Expectations. If you regularly work extra hours, you may be g iven more responsibility. This could create a never-ending and increasing cycle, causing more concerns and challenges.Sometimes working overtime is important. If you work for a company that requires mandatory overtime, you won’t be able to avoid it, bu t you can learn to manage it. Most importantly, say no when you’re too tired, when it’s affecting your health or when you have crucial family obligations.Striking the best work-life balanceFor most people, juggling (巧妙处理) the demands of career and personal life isan ongoing challenge. With so many demands on your time —from overtime to family obligations — it can feel difficult to strike this balance. The goal is to make time for the activities that are the most important to you.Here are some ideas to help you find the balance that’s best for you:●Learn to say no. Whether it’s a co-worker asking you to spearhead (充当先锋) an extra project or your child’s teacher asking you to manage the class play, remember that it’s OK to respectfully say no. When you quit doing the things you only do out of guilt or a false sense of obligation, you’ll make more room in your life for the activities that are meaningful to you and bring you joy.●Leave work at work. Make a conscious decision to separate work time from personal time. When with your family, for instance, turn off your cell phone and put away your laptop computer.●Manage your time. Organize household tasks efficiently. Do one or two loads of laundry every day, rather than saving it all for your day off. A weekly family calendar of important dates and a daily list of to-dos will help you avoid deadline panic. If your employer offers a course in time management, sign up for it.●Get enough sleep. There’s nothing as stressful and potentially d angerous as working when you’re sleep-deprived. Not only is your productivity affected, but also you can make costly mistakes. You may then have to work even more hours to make up for these mistakes.●Communicate clearly. Limit time-consuming misunderstandings by communicating clearly and listening carefully. Take notes if necessary.●Nurture yourself. Set aside time each day for an activity that you enjoy, such as walking, working out or listening to music.●Set aside one night each week for recre ation. Take the phone off the hook, power down the computer and turn off the TV. Discover activities you can do with your partner, family or friends, such as playing golf, fishing or canoeing. Making time for activities you enjoy will rejuvenate (使年轻) you.Remember, striking a work-life balance isn’t a one-shot deal. Creating balance in your life is a continuous process. Balance doesn’t mean doing everything. Examine your priorities and set boundaries. Be firm in what you can and cannot do. Only you can restore harmony to your lifestyle.1. What will happen if your work life and personal life feel out of balance?A) You will have little time to finish your work.B) You may feel stress, which will affect you negatively.C) You will have a lot of time to share with your family.D) You will never balance the combination of life and work.2. The boundaries between work and home have blurred for the following reasons, EXCEPT _______.A) global economyB) changes in family rolesC) advanced communication technologyD) high divorce rate3. What will happen if you’re spending most of your time at work?A) You will lose both health and wealth.B) You will be hated by your loved ones.C) You will lose all your friends.D) You may be given more responsibility.4. According to the passage, you’d better say no to mandatory overtime when _______________.A) you get bored with the workB) you are not interested in the workC) you can’t get additional allowanceD) you have crucial family obligations5. What does the underlined sentence mean?A) You should do the things people ask you to do without feeling guilty.B) You shouldn’t do the things people ask you to do if you don’t want to.C) To do things people ask you to do can bring you a lot of joy.D) To do things for yourself is more meaningful than to do things for others.6. What will NOT happen if you don’t get enough sleep?A) You will feel stressed while working.B) You will have no sense of exhaustion.C) You can make costly mistakes.D) You will have low productivity.7. What does the real balance mean according to the author?A) Examining priorities and deciding what is the most important to you.B) Doing everything you want to do whether you can do it or not.C) Saying yes to everybody in order to maintain good relationships.D) Being firm that working overtime will strike a work-life balance.8. Spend more time at work than at home, and you won’t have enough time to enjoy your _______________.9. You have slow responses and your eye-hand coordination decreases when you’re ________.10. You can save a lot of time and avoid misunderstandings if you communicate clearly and ____________.参考答案1. B)。