重大自动化 过程控制_process_control_中文_翻译_第一章

Valve opening determined by the signal from computer
Displays of variables, calculations, commands to valves and historical data are in the centralized control center.显示变量的
few examples and forms一些例子和形式 from automatic control theory自动控制理论的差异
What Does It Do?
Differences What
to be controlled? the problem制定问题
How Does It Do?如何实现
A Few Example
4. Watt Centralfugal Speed Governor 瓦特Centralfugal调速器
8
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples
5. Level Control液位控制
9
What Is Process Control?
Formulating Control
Equipment and Process Equipment控制设备和工艺设备 the process of the Problem建模过程的问题
2
Modeling
Introduction to Process Control
Operator’s View of Process Control操作员的观点的过程
Control室温控制
Chemical Reactor核化学反应器
Production of intermediate/end products批量生产中间/终端产品
Adhesives
and glues Food, Beverages, and Medicine
17
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples
1. Flow Control in Oil refinery Plant: Do we run around the plant to adjust the valves when required?流量控制,是炼油厂植物: 我们到处跑植物调节阀门在需要的时候吗?
5
What Is Process Control?
25
How Does It Do?
Two Classes of Process Control两级过程控制
Regulatory
control- disturbance change 常规控制
The transient behavior when a disturbance enters A control system should be able to return each controlled variable back to its setpoint 当一个扰动暂态行为进入一个控制系统应
Disturbance or “Load" Variables造成控制变量偏离设定值被称为“负载“变量 或干扰
22
How Does It Do?
Formulating the Problem
Controlling
the temperature
The Temperature Cycles Periodically温度 周期定期 23
……
20
How Does It Do?
Formulating the Problem Statement制订问题的声明
Problem Statement:
having
Heating up the temperature in a room is a process:
the specific, desired outcome to reach,为了达到具体的，理想的结果
微操作,控制纸张厚度和在微米!
10
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples
7. Discrete Manufacturing Processes 离散型制造过程
11
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples
8. Typical continuous processes典型的连续过程
Responding
dangerous situations with given time
危险的情况下和给定的时间响应
Being
Specialized by transducer作为专业的传感器
Smart MEMS
sensors 微机电系统
19
What Does It Do?
What To Be Controlled?
影响,计算,命令对阀门和历史数据是在中央控制中心 18
What Does It Do?
Differences from Automatic Control Theory自动控制理论的差异 Using Control Theory as a Tool
Solving
the Real-World Problems for
The
The
temperature is the Controlled Variable (CV)
heater state is called the Manipulated Variable加热状态被称为操纵变
量
Factors
causing CV to deviate from their set points is called the
How Does It Do?
Control (verb)
to maintain desired conditions in a physical system by adjusting the selected varialbles in the system 保持理想条件在一个物理系统通过调节系统中变量
控制
A Day in a Life of a Plant Operator
3
What Is Process Control?
Definition
The
technology of
a series of events to transform a material into a desired end
12
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples
9. Typical non-continuous processes
13
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples
10. A Semi-Continuous Process半连续过程
A Few Examples
2. pH Control Manual手册 Automated
pH control
6
What Is Process Control?
A Few Examples:
3. Room temperature control
7
What Is Process Control?
Robotic
Metal Stamping for the discrete pieces of product 五金冲压为离散件产品
பைடு நூலகம்
Continuous
Production of Fuels, Chemicals连续生产的燃料、化学品
Room Temperature Nucleus
Batch
controlled variables at the desired values products with consistent quality when raw material
Maintaining
保持控制变量在期望值 Manufacturing
properties change?生产质量稳定的产品，原料性质改变时？
maintaining keeping
a defined temperature (setpoint),
temperature constant over time. 一直保持温度恒定
21
How Does It Do?
Formulating the Problem Terminology in the process制定问 题术语过程中
Tedency:
Being Compueterized, Automatized, and Instrumented by smart sensors and MEMS计算机化，自动化，和动态化由智能传感器和微机电系统
Sensors, local indicators, and valves in the process传 感器、当地的指标,和阀门 在这个过程中
Typical
Controlled Variables
Temperature, Pressure, Flow, Level, Concentration浓度 Physical
property物理性质
Beyond
Position,
the Typical
Velocity, and Acceleration in Motion位置、速度和加速度运动
Feedback Control (noun)
makes use of an output of a system to influnce an input to the same system利用输出系统影响一个输 入在相同的系统中 Input = Cause
24
Output = Effect
How Does It Do?
being
Making
computerized, being automatized , and being instrumented with smart sensors and MEMS
工业过程控制的趋势 在计算机化, 在潜意识中自动使用, 被装备智能传感器和微机电系统(MEMS)
4
What Is Process Control?
controlling
product is called process control.控制技术的一系列事件把资料达到所希望的
最终产品,被称为过程控制
Short
examples:
of fire for cooking rice (primitive and modern)The fly-ball governor for steam engine control (1774)短的例子:让火煮米饭(原始的和现代)州长的 fly-ball蒸汽发动机控制(1774) Tendency of industrial process control
How large should the tank volume be?油 箱体积是多大呢？
14
What Is Process Control?
Sample-Plant: Mill Wide Process Control轧机广泛的过程控制
15
What Is Process Control?
Sample Software: Honeywell Intellimap样品软件:霍尼韦尔Intellimap
Process Control Systems 过程控制系统
College of Automation, Chongqing University 过程控制自动化 重庆大学
1
Outline of the Introduction
What Is Process Control?
Definition A
A Few Examples
6. Cross Direction ProceControl十字方向过程控制
•Several hundred sensors and actuators, •Millisecond operation, •Controlling paper thickness to within microns!几百传感器和执行器,
16
What Is Process Control?
Summary of the Examples- Forms总结的例子-形式
Discrete
Manufacturing, Motion, and Packaging离散型制造、运动、和包装
Assembly Line in Automotive Production机械的汽车生产流水线