【英语词汇】pain、ache、sore、distress、anguish、misery、agony、torment

【英语词汇】pain、ache、sore、distress、anguish、misery、agony、tormentpainachesore这三个名词均含有身体“疼痛”之意。

pain 指一般的痛，也可指剧痛，疼痛范围可以是局部或全身，时间可长可短。

1）He could feel the pain again as the medicine wore away.药性消退后，他又感到疼痛了。

2）He was working in the garden, when he felt a sharp pain in the abdomen.他正在花园里干活，突然他感觉腹部剧烈疼痛。

3）This medicine will help to relieve you from your pain.这种药将帮助你解除疼痛。

●pain也可指精神上的痛苦。

1）It gave us much pain to learn of the news.我们听到这个消息十分悲痛。

2）Do you really think enjoyment should be based on others' pain?你以为一个人应该把自己的快乐建筑在别人的痛苦上面吗 ?ache多指人体某一器官持续的隐隐的疼痛，常放在身体部位名词后构成病痛名称，如: toothache 牙痛、head ache 头痛、stomach ache 胃痛。

有时可与pain换用。

1）She felt an ache / pian in her back.她感到后背隐隐作痛。

2）The dull ache in his head turned out to be suffering from brain tumor.他的头隐隐作痛，结果竟是罹患脑瘤。

3）Poor posture can cause neck ache, headaches and breathing problems.姿势不当会导致颈部疼痛、头痛和呼吸困难。

4）Sedentary will lead to muscle ache, stiff neck and headache and dizziness.久坐不动会引发全身肌肉酸痛、脖子僵硬和头痛头晕。

●ache也可指精神上的痛苦。

1）There was a little ache in her fancy of all he described.她想象着他所描绘的一切，心里不禁有些刺痛。

2）The ache in the her body is no worse than the ache in her heart.她身体的疼痛比不上她心头的疼痛。

●ache可用作动词。

1）Mother says she is aching all over with fatigue.母亲说她累得浑身疼痛。

2）My neck and the spine below my wais t ache steadily, particularly at night.我的颈部和腰部以下的脊骨持续的隐隐作痛，尤其是在夜里。

3）It makes my heart ache seeing you so unhappy and depressed.看到你不开心、这么沮丧。

我的心都痛了。

sore通常指由于发炎而引起的短期疼痛，可表示“痛(伤)处”、“伤口”、“疼肿”、“溃疡处”1）Though the sore can be healed, yet a scar may remain.伤口虽然能痊愈，但可能留下伤疤。

2）The mouth of the sore will soon heal up.疮口即将愈合。

●sore常用作形容词，表示“酸痛”。

1）Soon I was perspiring freely. My h ands were sore and I began totire.没多久，我就大汗淋漓, 两手酸痛，开始感到疲倦了。

2）My legs are sore from all that running yesterday.我的腿因为昨天跑步而感到酸。

3）She stayed home from school Because she hada sore throat and afever.她待在家里，没有去上课，因为她喉咙痛，还发着烧。

4）You sure are a sight for sore eyes. I haven't seen you for such along time.看到你真高兴，我已经好久没看到你了。

●sore作形容词还可表示“痛心的”、“伤心的”、“悲哀的”；作名词“表示使人伤心的事”1）Losing the election was a sore disappointment.竞选失败令人痛心失望。

2）I packed up my luggage and got out of the place, feelingpretty sore.我收起行旅，离开这个地方，心里感到酸酸的（很难过）。

3）We are all sore about the fact that such a tragedy took place.发生了这样的悲剧我们都很痛心。

4）Though it was a full sore against my will, this affair wasput to a finalend.虽然这很痛心地违背了我的意思，但这件事总算告了一段落。

distressanguishmiseryagonytorment这几个名词可表示各种原因引起的“痛苦”。

distress多指思想上的压力、紧张、恐惧、忧虑等所引起的精神上的“伤心”、“痛苦”，也可指某种灾难带来的痛苦。

distress也可用作动词。

1）It seems that she has not yet got over her distress.她似乎还没有摆脱了她的悲痛心情。

2）He tried to conceal his distress, but the tremor in his voice wasunmistakable.他竭力隐藏悲痛, 但是颤抖的声音却无疑表明了一切.3）The girl's indiscreet behavior was a distress to her parents.那女孩行为不检，使她父母十分痛苦。

4）Large supplies of food and clothing were rushed to the floodedareas to relievethe distress of the victims.大批食物和衣物被紧急送往受灾地区来减轻受害者的痛苦。

5）I hope it does not distress you very much, Fanny.我希望, 范妮，你不要为这这件事过分痛苦。

6）The news of my mother's death distressed me greatly.我母亲去世的消息我很痛苦。

anguish指精神方面令人难以忍受的极度痛苦，痛苦程度比distress大；用于身体时，多指局部或暂时的痛苦。

1）The old woman beat her chest and cried in anguish.这个老妇人伤心地捶胸顿足地哭嚎着。

2）She burst into tears and, clinging to him sobbed in love and anguish.她挨紧他坐着，眼泪不断地簌簌下落，因爱和极度痛苦而抽泣着。

3）Nothing can take away the anguish of losing a child.什麽都不能解除失去孩子的巨大悲痛。

4）The child was badly hurt and was in anguish all the evening.这个孩子受了重伤，整夜都在痛苦之中。

misery指人生不幸或悲惨的处境引起的痛苦，着重痛苦的可悲状态，多含不幸、可怜或悲哀的意味。

1）There are poor people without home, who sleep in the streets andlive in misery.有些穷人没有家，睡在大街上，生活在痛苦之中。

2）This phobia can cause untold misery for the sufferer.这种恐惧能给患者造成极度的痛苦。

3）She went into her room, and sank down in despair andutter misery.她回到自己屋里, 倒在椅子里，绝望伤心到了极点。

4）By his reckless conduct he inflicted great misery on his parents.他行为不检使父母遭受很大痛苦。

agony指精神上或肉体上的强烈的痛苦。

1）Compared w ith the agony that can follow a breakup after just a few months ofdating, I came out relatively unhurt.比之经几个月约会后产生的痛苦，我受到的伤害算不了什么。

2）He realized that he made an unforgivable mistake and fell ingreat agony ofremorse.他意识到自己犯下了一个不可饶恕的错误，因此陷入极度的痛苦和悔恨之中。

3）No words can express the secret agony of my soul.没有任何语言能够表达我心灵中的隐痛。

4）The immense physical distress was nothing to hisinternal agony.对于他内心的创痛而言，肉体的痛苦根本不算什么.torment 指带折磨性的痛苦，即受到反复的伤害而导致的精神上或身体上的痛苦。

1）She could hardly bear the torment of her alcoholic husband any longer anddecided to get a divorce with him.她无法再忍受酒鬼丈夫折磨的痛苦，决定与他离婚。

2）The loved ones of the British hostages are going through anguish and torment.这些英国人质的家人正在经历极大的痛苦和烦恼。