翻译工作坊讲稿
翻译工作坊2
1）前期建设基础
信息技术的迅猛发展对我国翻译工作已产生了巨大的影响，各种有关翻译的信息技术在翻译行业的活动中得到广泛应用。专业翻译软件，在欧美译员中已成为从事翻译工作必不可少的翻译辅助工具。国际大型跨国企业的翻译部门均已采用专业辅助翻译软件与互联网相结合，为全职及兼职的翻译人员搭建协同办公的翻译交互平台，从而保证翻译的质量和效率。掌握一些主流的机器翻译软件，已成为专、兼职翻译从业人员的必备，加强翻译团队的建设，唯其如此，译员才能顺利融入公司的翻译工作流程。
这种以计算机辅助人工翻译的工作模式正在成为信息化时代翻译工作的主流。如果外语教学仍然沿袭传统教学模式，不与时代和社会需求接轨，学生毕业后，所学知识与社会实际需求存有一定差距，求职会面临更大困难和压力。国内一些高校为了提升外语类学生的社会竞争力，满足社会对计算机辅助翻译人才的需求相继开设了计算机辅助翻译课程或在翻译教学课程中加入计算机辅助翻译教学内容，如北外、上外、广外、南开大学、华中师范大学等高校已经为翻译专业研究生开设了机辅笔译课程；另外，北二外、中山大学、江南大学等院校也已经相继为翻译本科生开设了机辅笔译课程。其它高校也都在积极筹建计算机辅助翻译实验室项目。
1.项目建设必要性（项目建设的意义，承担的本科教学任务、示范辐射作用等）
1）项目意义
翻译不仅仅是文学翻译，更重要的是实用文体翻译。翻译工作坊模拟商业性的翻译中心，几名译者凑在一起进行翻译活动。在翻译过程中，译者们互相交流，通过合作解决翻译中的实际问题。将这一模式移植到翻译课堂，就成为一种翻译教学方法，其实质是促使学生在实践中掌握翻译技能。翻译工作坊这种教学方式强调学生的参与作用，促进教师和学生之间的互动。
目前翻译专业开设的翻译课程有：英语笔译基础 、英语笔译基础 、旅游翻译、科技翻译、时文翻译、应用文翻译、商务笔译等翻译课程。
翻译工作坊PPT课件
-----《现代汉语词典》
8
Geoffrey Leech杰弗里利奇把意义划
分为7种
外延意义（概念意义) denotative meaning 内涵意义 connotative meaning 风格意义 stylistic meaning 情感意义 affective meaning 联想意义 reflective meaning 搭配意义 collocative meaning 主题意义 thematic meaning
对他的报道越来越少了，不久他就从
美国电视上销声匿迹了。
Tell me the story of what happened to you.
告诉我发生在你身上的一切事情。
The story of the opera was printed in the program
这曲戏的故事情节印在了节目单上。
2
Grading Policy
Class attendance and exercise: 10% final exam: translation of two
passages between English and Chinese (90%)
3
Ways of Contact:
caroline_zhaowei@
手机关机 保持安静
1
About Translation Workshop
Translating meaning Context and translation Culture and translation Translating metaphor Sentence translation Sentence translation Paragraph translation
翻译工作坊教学模式探析
翻译工作坊教学模式探析
许 丹 卢晓娟
翻译工作坊是一种新型教学方法，它主张结合 学生的实际情况，模拟真实的翻译情景，通过相互合 作来完成最终的翻译工作。本文以翻译工作坊的定义 作为切入点，结合翻译工作坊教学模式的特点，就其 应如何应用于教学过程提出切实有效的建议，如翻译 工作坊应强调教学的实效性、互动性和以学生为中心 的教学思想。 翻译是一项复杂的工作，一位出色的译者必然 需要通过大量的翻译实践练就出来。近年来，随着翻 译教学领域对此认识愈加深刻，翻译教学界在翻译人 才培养方面进行了诸多实践，其表现之一便是“翻译 工作坊”教学模式的建立。该教学模式的目的旨在优 化教学过程，提高教学质量，使课堂教学适应社会发 展。翻译工作坊强调合作交流、实效性，是一种有效 的教学模式，该教学模式目前在国外许多国家的教学 然而，虽然我国的一些高校已开始使用翻译工作坊的 教学法，并取得了一些建设性的成果，但该教学模式 仍有待于进一步探索。因此，本文将以翻译工作坊教 学模式的定义为切入点，结合该教学模式的特点，为 翻译工作坊教学模式应用于翻译课堂提出切实有效的 建议。 一、翻译工作坊的定义 翻 译 工 作 坊（Translation Workshop） 是 20 世 纪 60 年代在美国高校兴起的一种教学方法，由保罗·恩 格尔在美国爱荷华大学首创，并逐步发展为一种以学 根茨勒把翻译工作坊定义为类似于翻译中心的论坛。 在论坛上，两个或两个以上的译者共同翻译。在翻译 过程中，彼此相互交流来解决翻译中遇到的问题。后 来， 有一些教育学家就将这种模式移植到课堂翻译中， 就变成了一种翻译的教学方法。 在翻译工作坊的模式下，教师将学生分成不同 的小组，并通过相互之间的合作、交流、沟通，完成 一些翻译任务。其中最大的特色就是教师会布置一些 模拟实践的翻译任务，让学生有身临其境的感觉，灵 活运用翻译技能，趣味翻译。在翻译工作坊的教学模 式下，教师不再是单纯的领导者和活动引导者。翻译 工作坊充分利用了学生之间的合作关系，合作是个体 间协调作用最高水平的发挥，也是为了共同的利益愿 意与他人相结合，通过互相帮助来实现自己的目标或 情感的行为。翻译工作坊在形式上一般会分为个人发 言和小组讨论两部分。在个人发言部分，教师可以充 分尊重学生需求，因材施教；而在小组发言阶段，则 可以鼓励学生相互合作，这样就能促进教师和学生之 间互动，提高教学质量。 二、翻译工作坊教学模式的特点及其应用 （一）翻译工作坊教学模式的特点 与传统的翻译教学传授知识方式不同，翻译工 作坊教学模式不仅注重译者翻译技能的掌握，而且帮 备、文本分析、实际翻译、译后修改校对等。而这种 方式对将来有可能从事职业翻译的学生来说无疑十分 可贵。可以这样说，翻译工作坊教学模式切实有效地 让翻译实践走进课堂，并将翻译市场的诸多因素融入 到了翻译课堂中。这种操作性和实践性颇强的教学模 式促使学生接受大量的翻译实践的训练，进而对翻译 过程中涉及到的语言和非语言的各个翻译要点进行必 要的反思。 翻译工作坊以学生为中心，以翻译过程为导向， 通过实战演练提高学生从事翻译项目的独立性和合作 验，从而最终习得翻译知识和翻译技能。该教学模式 以培养学生实际的分析问题和解决问题的能力为终极 目的，让学生的协作能力得到充分锻炼。 （二）翻译工作坊教学模式的应用及操作的注 意事项 1. 强调合作与互动。翻译工作坊教学模式具有 合作性与互动性。而这个过程则需要教师一一引导。 学生在学校的时间比在任何地方都多，所以学校的教
《翻译工作坊》课件
各行各业的翻译案例分析
通过分析不同领域的翻译案例，探讨行业特点和翻 译技巧。
翻译实践中的应用技巧
分享翻译实践中的实用技巧和经验。
总结和展望
1 课程总结
回顾课程内容，总结学到的知识和技能。
2 下一步研究方向
展望翻译领域的发展趋势，鼓励学习者继续深入研究。
《翻译工作坊》PPT课件
# 翻译工作坊 PPT课件
翻译工作坊是一个提升翻译素养和技能的课程，适合希望进一步了解翻译领 域和提升翻译能力的听众。课程包括课程介绍、翻译需要具备的基本素养和 技能、翻译的基本流程和注意事项、翻译中常见问题和解决方法、翻译实践 案例分析、以及总结和展望等内容。
课程介绍
1 课程目的和意义
了解翻译的重要性，提升 翻译素养和技能。
2 适合的听众群体
3 课程大纲简介
对翻译领域感兴趣的学生、 职场人士和自由翻译者。
介绍课程的主要内容和学 习目标。
翻译需要具备的基本素养和技能
精通目标语言和源语言
深入了解目标语言和源语言的词汇、语法和表 达方式。
具备文化素养和跨文化交际能力
理解不同文化背景下的语言表达和行为方式， 以便进行准确翻译。
熟悉相关行业专业术语
掌握各行各业的专业术语和行业内常用的翻译 方法。
具有一定的写作和组织能力
能够将源语言的内容转化为准确、流畅且符合 目标语言习惯的表达。
翻译的基本流程和注意事项
1
准备工作
了解原文内容，搜集相关资料，并确保
翻译流程
2
所需工具和资源齐备。
逐段翻译原文，并进行校对、修的准确性和流畅性， 避免歧义和文化误解。
翻译中常见的问题和解决方法
文化差异
2翻译工作坊_第三组
翻译工作坊第三组任务要求:1.由组长分配英汉互译人选，原则上是汉译英3人，英译汉2人。
2.包括组长在内的所有成员就自己所做的部分做翻译报告。
组长还要对集各家之长的两个翻译版本进行汇报。
报告内容可针对翻译原文的背景，作者，文化元素，翻译对策等方面进行阐述。
个人作品汇报时间限制为10分钟，小组作品汇报时间限制为15分钟。
要求做PPT（97-03版本）。
3.所有选课同学都必须完成本组的规定任务（英汉双向），周二下课时提交作业，作为平时成绩的一部分。
汉译英远离亚健康Keeping off the sub-health每天睡7-8小时Sleep seven to eight hours a day健康体魄来自睡眠，没有足够的睡眠就没有健康。
有科学家观察告诉我们：晚上10时至凌晨2时，是人体一天中，物质合成最旺盛、分解最少、人体疲劳恢复的最佳时段；也是人体内两支“国防”力量，B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞生长最旺盛时间。
B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞强大，人体抗病能力就强，就会少生病、不生病。
此外又是全身除了细胞外，其他各脏器细胞更新关键时刻。
人体错过这一时段，对健康损害是难以估量。
A good sleep plays an important part in a healthy body, without good sleep, healthy body is impossible. Scientists tell us that the time from10:00 pm to 02:00 am is the important time for our body. During this period of time, more substances are synthesized, less disassembled and also the golden time to recover from tiredness. What’s more, this period of time is also the exuberant time for the B lymphocyte and the T lymphocyte, which are the two important “Defense Forces” of our body, to grow. The stronger B lymphocyte and the T lymphocyte are, the more aggressive immunity system is. So that, we have little chance to get ill or never get ill. Besides all the cells of our body, this period of time is also the critical time for the renewal of the cells of other organs. Once this period of time is missed, the damage brought to our body is hard to measure.不忘吃早饭Never forget to have breakfast早饭犹如进补。
翻译工作坊
第14讲汉译英句子的处理从意合到形合拿到一个汉语句子,尤其是那些平行结构的句子,翻译前要仔细阅读和分析,弄清它的主次成分,如动作的先后顺序、情态和因果关系等。
只有这样,才能使译文准确生动地表达原文的含义,句型活泼,避免呆板。
如这样的句子该如何译?——“总工程师急躁不安,两手插在裤子口袋里,在书桌前踱来踱去。
”如果缺乏分析,急于落笔,很容易把它译成:“The chief engineer was vexed and restless.He put his two hands into his pockets and paced back and forth in front of the desk.”他急躁不安，两只手插在口袋里，在书桌前踱来踱去。
译文一：He was vexed and restless, put hishands into his pockets and paced back and forth in front of the desk.译文二：Vexed and restless, he was pacing back and forth in front of the desk, hands in his pockets.2.燕子去了，有再来的时候译文一Swallows may have gone, but there’s a time of return (转折关系)译文二：Swallows have gone away, and there’s a time of return.(and表示转折关系)译文三：Swallows may have gone while there’s a time of return. (while 等于whereas 或but ,有转折意义)译文四：While swallows may have gone, there’s a time of return(while 等于although) 译文五：Although swallows may have gone, there’s a time of eturn(让步关系)译文六：Swallows will come back again although they have gone.(让步关系)译文七：When swallows have gone, there will be a time to return,(条件关系)译文八：If swallows go away, they will comeback again.(条件关系)译文九：Swallows that have gone away will come back again.(限定关系)译文十：Swallows having gone away will come back again.(限定关系)3.对我来说，我的水箱就像我自己的一个小国王。
英语工作坊坊主发言稿
英语工作坊坊主发言稿Good morning, everyone! I'm thrilled to welcome you toour English Workshop. Today, we embark on a journey toenhance our language skills and explore the beauty of English.Our agenda is packed with interactive sessions, whereyou'll have the opportunity to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Remember, the key to mastering a language is consistent practice and the courage to make mistakes.We'll start with pronunciation drills to refine our accents. Next, we'll delve into the nuances of grammar, ensuring we understand the structure and usage of the language. Our reading sessions will expose us to a variety of texts, expanding our vocabulary and comprehension.In the afternoon, we'll engage in group discussions and role-plays, allowing us to apply our language skills in real-life scenarios. This is the perfect chance to express your thoughts and ideas confidently.I encourage you to participate actively, ask questions, and share your insights. Learning is a collaborative process, and your input is invaluable.Lastly, let's make today not just about improving our English, but also about enjoying the process. So, let's divein, have fun, and make the most of our workshop!Thank you for joining us, and let's make today a linguistic adventure to remember!。
翻译工作坊课件
它通常由教师指导，学生分组进 行，每组学生共同完成一项翻译 任务，通过讨论、比较和修正， 提高翻译质量和语言表达能力。
翻译工作坊的历史与发展
翻译工作坊起源于20世纪60年 代的美国，最初是为了满足当地 社区对于多元语言文化的需求而
设立的。
随着全球化的发展，翻译工作坊 逐渐成为国际交流的重要工具， 被广泛应用于语言学习和文化交
翻译工作坊的职业前景
市场需求持续增长
随着全球化的深入发展，翻译市 场需求持续增长，为译员提供更
多就业机会。
技能要求不断提高
为了适应市场需求的变化，译员 需要不断提升自己的语言技能和
专业知识。
职业发展空间广阔
翻译工作坊的职业发展空间广阔， 包括自由译者、专业译员、翻译
项目经理等职业发展方向。
THANKS
总结词
注重语言艺术和文化内涵
详细描述
文学翻译案例通常涉及经典文学作品、诗歌、散文等文本的翻译， 要求译者具备较高的语言艺术和文化内涵，能够准确传达原文的 情感和意义。
总结词
注重语言表达和修辞手法
详细描述
商务翻译案例涉及商业合同、公司简介、市场推广材料等文本 的翻译，要求译者在准确传达信息的同时，注重语言表达和修 辞手法，以符合商业语境和规范。
翻译工作坊课件
• 翻译工作坊简介 • 翻译工作坊的核心技能 • 翻译工作坊的实践案例 • 翻译工作坊的挑战与解决方案 • 翻译工作坊的未来发展
01
翻译工作坊简介
翻译工作坊的定义
01
翻译工作坊是一种协作式的翻译 学习方式，通过模拟真实的翻译 环境，让学生在实际操作中学习 翻译技巧和语言知识。
02
提供智能化的翻译辅助工 具，帮助译员提高翻译质 量和效率。
翻译工作坊课件
增强文化意识
通过接触不同语言和文化，参 与者能够增强文化意识，提高 对文化差异的敏感性和处理能 力。
拓展职业发展空间
通过参与翻译工作坊，参与者 能够拓展职业发展空间，为未 来的职业发展打下坚实基础。
CHAPTER 02
翻译基础知识
翻译定义与分类
翻译定义
翻译是将一种语言文字所表达的 内容转换成另一种语言文字的过 程，涉及到语言、文化、社会等 多个领域。
记叙文翻译
注重情节和人物形象的塑造，保持原 文的情感色彩和叙述风格，选用生动 形象的词汇和表达方式。
说明文翻译
注重准确性和清晰性，保持原文的说 明顺序和说明方法，选用简洁明了的 词汇和表达方式。
应用文翻译
注重实用性和规范性，保持原文的格 式和用语规范，选用符合行业标准的 词汇和表达方式。
CHAPTER 06
注解法
对于某些难以理解的文化负载词汇，可以采用注解法，即在译文中 添加注释或说明，以便读者更好地理解其含义。
CHAPTER 07
翻译实践案例分析
案例选择与介绍
案例来源
从实际翻译项目中挑选具有代表性和启发性的案例，涵盖不同领 域和文本类型。
案例特点
所选案例应体现翻译难点和挑战，便于分析和讨论翻译策略和技 巧。
段落衔接与连贯性保持
指代关系处理
01
明确代词所指代的对象，保持指代的一致性，避免产生歧义。
逻辑关系表达
02
根据上下文逻辑关系，选用适当的连词和表达方式，保持段落
的连贯性。
重复与省略处理
03
根据需要进行重复或省略某些信息，以保持篇章的紧凑性和流
畅性。
不同文体篇章翻译方法
论述文翻译
注重逻辑性和客观性，保持原文的论 述结构和论点，选用准确的词汇和表 达方式。
翻译工作坊
翻译工作坊（二）课程期末总结一、课程感受1.上课模式：学校为了加强笔译学生翻译的专业性，英语笔译学生分为三个翻译方向——林业，经贸和机械进行更具有专业性翻译的学习。
上学期，我们分方向上了相关课程，对自己选的方向的专业进行初步的了解，而我选的是林业概论。
翻译工作坊（二）课程也按上学期各自选的方向分为经贸组，机械组和林业组，轮流按组分派和完成翻译任务。
首先是分组查找各自方向的双语资料，要求难度合适，不能太浅也不能专业到大家无所适从，最好是英语原文资料，有利于我们接触最接近最地道的原文。
然后其中一个专业小组轮流派发任务，包括英译汉和汉译英两篇，字数每篇控制在400字左右。
其他小组合作完成翻译任务后，交给专业小组检查和评阅。
下次的课堂上，专业小组就会整理出各组作业，并且做出对应的评价，最后总结该方向心得。
2.上课感受：与上学期相比，这学期的翻译任务专业性较强，挑战也更大。
但正是这样的专业性训练，才能让我们更进步一接触专业性翻译，也更有助于我们以后进行专业性较强的翻译实践。
二、作为专业组组员心得1.林业翻译其实是上述三个中我们接触最少的一个翻译方向，不管是英译汉还是汉译英，都有着一定的难度，哪怕叫我们阅读中文林业相关文件，即便我们有学习过林业一点相关知识，那也只怕不到林业翻译的冰川一角。
因此大部分同学见到此材料都是一头雾水，正因知不足才会努力，才会进步，专业性翻译应该成为努力方向。
2.林业组就用词是否规范，有无做背景功课，译文能否保存源语文本的语体风格，描述是否清晰，语句是否通顺等方面进行作业查阅。
（1）专业词汇，如：例①·Site preparation for seedling cultivation译文：a.播种培育的场地准备 b.育苗整地例②·High bed propagation译文：a.高苗床繁殖b.高床式育苗例①a译文较b译文稍许冗长，不符合林业用词特点。
上述例子均为林业专业词汇，我们不能就这字面意思自行翻译，如此一来，译文不仅会有歧义，也不够专业。
英语工作坊开幕式的发言稿
英语工作坊开幕式的发言稿英文回答：Respected faculty members, esteemed guests, and fellow students,。
It is with great pleasure and honor that I welcome you all to the inaugural ceremony of our English Workshop. Today marks a significant milestone in our collective pursuit of linguistic excellence. As we embark on this exciting journey, let us reflect on the profound transformative power of language.Language is the lifeblood of human communication. It connects minds, transcends boundaries, and shapes our understanding of the world. Through the written and spoken word, we express our thoughts, emotions, and aspirations. It is the key that unlocks the doors of knowledge, imagination, and self-expression.The English Workshop has been conceived as a vibrant platform for linguistic exploration and growth. Here, we will delve into the intricacies of the English language, unravel its grammatical complexities, and immerse ourselves in its rich literary heritage. We will engage in dynamic discussions, embark on thought-provoking writing exercises, and listen to inspiring guest lectures.Our ultimate goal is to empower you with the communicative skills necessary to navigate the globalized world with confidence and articulacy. In today's increasingly interconnected society, proficiency in English has become an indispensable tool for personal and professional success. Whether you aspire to pursue higher education, excel in your chosen career, or simply connect with people from diverse backgrounds, a strong command of the English language will open up a world of possibilities.As you embark on this journey, I encourage you to embrace the challenges with enthusiasm and determination. There will be times when you may encounter difficulties, but remember that mistakes are not failures butopportunities for growth. With perseverance, dedication, and the unwavering support of our esteemed faculty, youwill overcome any obstacles that may arise.Let us also acknowledge the importance of collaboration and peer support. The English Workshop is not merely a classroom but a community of learners. By sharing ideas, supporting each other, and working together, we can create a dynamic and enriching learning environment that will benefit us all.In closing, I would like to express my sinceregratitude to our dedicated faculty members, who have invested countless hours in planning and organizing this Workshop. Their passion for teaching and their commitment to our success are truly inspiring.Let us now formally inaugurate the English Workshop and embark on this exciting adventure together. May this be a journey filled with discovery, growth, and the realization of our linguistic aspirations.中文回答：各位尊敬的教师、贵宾和亲爱的同学们：我非常荣幸和高兴地欢迎大家参加英语工作坊的开幕仪式。
英语工作坊开幕式的发言稿
英语工作坊开幕式的发言稿Ladies and gentlemen,。
Good morning, and I am delighted to join you today at the opening ceremony of our English Workshop. This is a gathering of enthusiasts, learners, and teachers who share a common goal: to explore, appreciate, and excel in the language of Shakespeare and the world.Before we dive into the rich tapestry of English literature, let us pause to appreciate the language itself. English, a language that has traveled the globe, has been shaped by cultures and histories from every corner of the world. It is a language of poetry, of music, of science, and of business. It is a language that has the power to unite, to communicate, and to transform.Our workshop today is an opportunity for all of us to delve into this vast and dynamic language. Over the course of the next few days, we will delve into the depths ofEnglish literature, from the old masters to the contemporary writers. We will explore the beauty of poetry, the power of prose, and the wisdom embedded in our literary heritage.We will also delve into the practicalities of language learning. We will discuss techniques and strategies that can help us master this language, and make it our own. We will learn how to use English effectively in our daily lives, whether it is for communication, for work, or for personal growth.But more than that, this workshop is an opportunity for us to come together and share our experiences, our knowledge, and our passion for English. It is a chance to make new friends, to expand our horizons, and to grow as learners and as individuals.As we embark on this journey, I want to encourage each and every one of you to embrace the challenge, to explore the unknown, and to have fun. Learning a new language can be challenging, but it is also incredibly rewarding. So,let us dive into the world of English, and together, wewill discover its beauty, its power, and its potential.We will also delve into the cultural dimensions of English. Language is not just about grammar and vocabulary; it is about the people, the places, and the histories that shape it. English, as a global language, has been influenced by countless cultures and traditions from around the world.During this workshop, we will explore the rich tapestry of English culture, from the literature of Shakespeare and Dickens, to the music of the Beatles and Elton John, to the films and television shows that have captivated the world. We will delve into the history and context of thesecultural icons, and understand how they have shaped the English language and its global influence.But our journey will not be limited to the past. Wewill also look towards the future of English, and the role it will play in our increasingly interconnected world. English remains the language of global communication, andit is constantly evolving and adapting to the needs of a changing world.As learners of English, we have a responsibility to embrace this evolution and contribute to its future. We must continue to explore, innovate, and push the boundaries of our language. Only then can we fully harness the power of English to connect with people from all over the world, and share our stories, our ideas, and our culture.In conclusion, I want to thank each and every one of you for joining us at this English Workshop. Your presence and participation are a testament to your passion for language learning and your commitment to personal growth.Over the next few days, let us immerse ourselves in the world of English, and let its beauty, its power, and its potential transform our lives. Let us come together, share our experiences, and grow as learners and as individuals. Together, we can make this workshop a transformative experience that will enrich our lives and expand our horizons.Thank you, and I look forward to an exciting and rewarding journey ahead. Let's get started!。
上海大学英语笔译工作坊
《英语笔译工作坊》
课程教学目的及要求
本课程旨在为爱好英语、需要进一步打好基础并提高英语翻译能力的研究生提供一个学习翻译实践的平台。
实际教学中，本课程强调理论知识与实际操练的结合，注重课堂教学互动，所选教学材料不仅具有学术性，更具有鲜明的时代性、实用性、针对性和挑战性，让学生掌握不同文体的翻译技能。
课程教学分为9个单元，内容涵盖学术论文、文学作品、科技文章、实用文体等，为学习者创造汉英、英汉互译的学习条件。
课程基本情况
1．学分 2 学时：20 （课内学时：实验学时：）
2．课程性质：选修课
3．适用专业：全校各非英语专业
适用对象：公外研究生
4．先修课程：英语写作、英语听力、英语阅读
5．首选教材：自编
二选教材：《实用翻译教程》
参考书目：
6．考核形式：笔试
7．教学环境：课堂教学
课程内容及学时分配课程内容及学时分配
（一）笔译基本概念：直译意译（2学时）
掌握：直译和意译的基本概念和基本技巧
难点：直译或意译的选择
（二）笔译基本概念：归化异化（2学时）
掌握：如何选择归化或异化
难点：避免翻译腔
（三）文学作品的翻译（4学时）
掌握：散文翻译、小说翻译等
难点：文学作品翻译的基本概念和技能
（四）学术翻译（6学时）
理解：论文翻译，学术著作翻译
掌握：摘要、关键词、文献等的翻译
（五）实用文体翻译（6学时）
信函、广告、说明书等的翻译。
工作室英语交流发言稿
Good morning/afternoon! It is my great pleasure to stand here today to address our esteemed colleagues and share some thoughts on the importance of effective English communication within our studio.As we all know, our studio is a melting pot of diverse cultures and expertise. English, being a global lingua franca, plays a crucial rolein our daily operations and interactions. Therefore, it is imperativethat we enhance our English communication skills to foster a more productive and harmonious working environment. In this speech, I would like to discuss several key aspects of English communication that we can all benefit from.Firstly, let us delve into the importance of clear and concise communication. In a fast-paced work environment, it is easy to become overwhelmed with information. Therefore, it is essential to convey our thoughts and ideas in a clear and concise manner. This not only helps in avoiding misunderstandings but also ensures that our colleagues cangrasp the essence of what we are trying to communicate.One way to achieve clear communication is by using simple language. Avoiding complex jargon and technical terms, when possible, can make our message more accessible to a wider audience. Additionally, we should focus on using active voice instead of passive voice, as it tends to be more direct and engaging.Another vital aspect of effective English communication is listening actively. Active listening involves not only hearing the words spokenbut also paying attention to the tone, body language, and non-verbal cues. This allows us to better understand the speaker's perspective and respond appropriately. By practicing active listening, we can build stronger relationships with our colleagues and improve our overall communication skills.Cultural sensitivity is another critical factor in English communication. As we work with people from different cultural backgrounds, it is essential to be aware of cultural differences in communication stylesand norms. This awareness helps us to avoid cultural misunderstandings and ensures that our communication is respectful and inclusive.Let us now explore some practical tips for improving our English communication skills:1. Practice Regularly: Like any other skill, effective English communication requires regular practice. Take advantage of opportunities to speak English, whether it's during meetings, discussions, or informal conversations with colleagues.2. Expand Your Vocabulary: A rich vocabulary allows you to express your thoughts more precisely. Try to learn new words and phrases every day, and incorporate them into your daily conversations.3. Improve Your Grammar: Proper grammar is the foundation of effective communication. Invest time in learning and practicing grammar rules to ensure that your written and spoken English is error-free.4. Seek Feedback: Don't be afraid to ask for feedback on your communication skills. Constructive criticism can help you identify areas for improvement and guide you in enhancing your communication style.5. Use Technology: Take advantage of technology to improve your English skills. There are numerous apps, websites, and online courses available that can help you practice reading, writing, speaking, and listening in English.6. Participate in Language Exchange Programs: Engaging in language exchange programs with native speakers can provide you with real-life practice and expose you to different accents and dialects.7. Be Patient with Yourself: Improving your English communication skills is a journey, and it is essential to be patient with yourself. Celebrate your progress and learn from your mistakes.In conclusion, effective English communication is a cornerstone of our studio's success. By focusing on clear and concise communication, active listening, cultural sensitivity, and continuous improvement, we can enhance our ability to collaborate, innovate, and achieve our goals.Let us commit to investing in our English communication skills and fostering a culture of open, respectful, and efficient communicationwithin our studio. Together, we can create a more vibrant, inclusive, and successful work environment.Thank you for your attention, and I look forward to seeing the positive impact of our collective efforts in improving our English communication skills.Have a great day![Your Name]。
翻译工作坊讲稿
One characteristic of Western culture is the emphasis on individual contribution. Perhaps there may be some historical or religious reasons, but the mainstay(主要的依靠) of Western culture is the individual. This trait is manifested in the making of individual heroes in Western culture and creativity. The individual’s contributions are placed above collective effort. The advantage of this is that it can spur people on to greater heights. The flaw is that it results in self-centered individualism, which affects creativity indirectly.西方文化的一个特点是强调个人的贡献，或许这里有些许历史与宗教方面的原因。
以个人为主的西方传统风格，（演变到今日）表现在西方文化和创造发明中往往是制造个人英雄，并将其个人贡献置于集体之上。
其好处是激发人的进取心,弊端是导致以个人为中心,间接影响创新。
Up to some level, creativity requires the coordination of all sides. Eastern culture can play a positive role in this. The traditional Eastern education system stresses building a solid foundation, and then builds up the basic knowledge step by step. However, Eastern tradition places too much emphasis on foundations. The insistence on rote learning affects the initiative to make bold hypotheses and argumentation about new situations and new problems.创新，到达一定程度之后需要各方面的配合。
科技翻译工作坊教学大纲
科技翻译工作坊教学大纲
科技翻译工作坊教学大纲科技翻译是一项艰难的任务，要求翻译者在把握语言的细节的同时，必须把握科技概念和表达方式的技巧。
为了帮助翻译者更好地完成科技翻译任务，我们组织了一个科技翻译工作坊。
本工作坊将使学员全面了解科技翻译的基本知识和技能，并让他们能够更有效地完成科技翻译任务。
本工作坊的教学大纲如下：第一部分：翻译技巧
1. 语言基础知识：简单句、复杂句、句子结构和句子翻译技巧。
2. 词汇翻译：单词、固定搭配、语等翻译技巧。
3. 语法翻译：时态、语态、语气等翻译技巧。
第二部分：科技翻译
1. 科技文献：包括论文、文章、报告等科技文献类型的翻译技巧。
2. 科技设备：包括仪器、设备、工具等科技设备的翻译技巧。
3. 科技文件：包括专利、图纸、说明书等科技文件的翻译技巧。
第三部分：实践活动
1. 小组讨论：学员们将分成小组，讨论翻译技巧和实际问题。
2. 实践翻译：学员将实际进行科技文献的翻译活动，并在小组中进行讨论。
3. 翻译测试：学员们将参加一次翻译测试，测试他们在科技翻译方面的熟练程度。
通过本工作坊，学员们将研究到科技翻译的基本知识和技巧，并能够有效地完成科技翻译任务。
本工作坊也将为学员们提供一个良好的交流平台，让学员们可以在小组中进行讨论，结交翻译同行，共同进步。
科技翻译工作坊是一个有益的教学活动，旨在帮助学员更好地把握科技翻译的基本知识和技能，并能够有效地完成科技翻译任务。
本工作坊将充分发挥翻译者的专业素养，为科技翻译发展和提高贡献力量。
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One characteristic of Western culture is the emphasis on individual contribution. Perhaps there may be some historical or religious reasons, but the mainstay(主要的依靠) of Western culture is the individual. This trait is manifested in the making of individual heroes in Western culture and creativity. The individual’s contributions are placed above collective effort. The advantage of this is that it can spur people on to greater heights. The flaw is that it results in self-centered individualism, which affects creativity indirectly.西方文化的一个特点是强调个人的贡献，或许这里有些许历史与宗教方面的原因。
以个人为主的西方传统风格，（演变到今日）表现在西方文化和创造发明中往往是制造个人英雄，并将其个人贡献置于集体之上。
其好处是激发人的进取心,弊端是导致以个人为中心,间接影响创新。
Up to some level, creativity requires the coordination of all sides. Eastern culture can play a positive role in this. The traditional Eastern education system stresses building a solid foundation, and then builds up the basic knowledge step by step. However, Eastern tradition places too much emphasis on foundations. The insistence on rote learning affects the initiative to make bold hypotheses and argumentation about new situations and new problems.创新，到达一定程度之后需要各方面的配合。
东方文化则在这方面会起积极作用。
东方传统教育强调脚踏实地打基础，再将基础知识一步一步建立起来。
然而东方传统过于重视基础，强调死记硬背,影响了对新现象、新问题的大胆设想、论证。
Passage 2进入21世纪，发达国家所面临的共同问题，不是缺资金，而是缺人才；不是缺最新的资讯，而是缺最新的知识。
“知识”变成了一个国家是否进步1的关键因素。
把相关的知识有系统地运用到经济活动中，现在泛称为“知识经济”2。
唯有通过外在的教育与学习，浩瀚的资讯才可能变成系统的知识3。
“知识”像土地和劳动一样，是个古老的生产因素。
但因为现代知识成长迅速，变化巨大，又加以与经济、产业、科技、创新等结合，促成了“知识经济”的独领风骚4。
Entering the 21st century, the developed countries are facing a common problem: shortage of talent, not funds, and lack of latest knowledge, rather than up-to-date information.Knowledge has become a crucial factor in the progress of a country. The systematic application of relevant knowledge to economy makes what we now generally call “knowledge-based economy”. Only through education and training, which people receive from outside, can the huge volume of information be turned into systematic knowledge.Knowledge as a factor in production is as old as land and labor. Yet, because of the fast growth and drastic changes of modern knowledge in its integration with economy, industries, science, technology and innovation, “knowledge-based economy” has evolved with overall impacts.•时文翻译第一节时文翻译的时代性和准确性随着中国与世界各国的交往愈加频繁，时文翻译变得越来越重要。
时文的内涵丰富，包括政治、经济、外交文件、新闻报道等。
随着我国经济的飞速发展，新生事物层出不穷，新的方针政策相继产生，新词语的大量涌现，所有这些都会给时文翻译提出新的挑战。
如何以地道、纯正的英语来翻译具有中国特色的政治、经济、外交等方面的文章，不仅要求译者具有深刻的英文功底，还要求译者能紧跟时代步伐，深入了解国内外重大事件的背景知识，方能准确、严谨地传译各种文章。
•一、时文翻译第一要求是准确性时文翻译要以最清晰明快的英文准确表达原文的精神实质。
即把“信”放在首位。
不能拘泥于原文字句，机械地从字面上“对号入座”。
[例] 使中央委员会领导干部年轻化[初译] make the Central Committee leaders younger[分析]所谓年轻化，是指把年轻一些的同志选入中央委员会。
[改译] bring younger comrades to the leading posts of the Central Committee•准确性[例]中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。
[初译] The strength, prosperity and development of China will pose no threat to any countries.[析] 机械对译，拘泥原文。
[改译] A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.•二、时文翻译要仔细斟酌汉语的组句形式，•避免中式英文。
[例]轻纺工业产品的花样品种增多，质量持续提高。
[初译] The designs and variety of light industrial and textile products have increased and their quality has continued to improve.[析] 词类、词序完全按照中文排定，有中式英文特征。
[改译] Light industry and textile products are now available in better designs and quality and also in richer variety.[析]打乱原文句型结构，按英文句法重新组织句子。
•三、时文翻译需要适当增减文字[例] 必须始终不渝地坚持两手抓，两手都要硬的方针，加强精神文明建设。
[译文] We must unswervingly give equal importance to economic development on one hand and to the development of socialist culture and ideology on the other hand. [分析] “两手抓，两手硬”是国内的时政习语，直译会令外文读者感到莫名其妙。
译文译为“不偏不倚地同样重视”，并增加了原文所缺的“一方面抓经济建设”的内容，更准确的表达了原文意思。
•第二节时文翻译典型错误透析翻译艺术至少包含四个层次：一是熟悉翻译理论；二是具备双语的扎实功底和丰富的语言知识；三是翻译实践中的创造性劳动；四是尽量多地掌握并善于模仿译入语的惯用法。
就汉译英来说，熟悉和模仿英语的习惯表达法是一个极为重要的环节。
本节的时文翻译包含了各种汉译英中常见的典型错误，冀希同学们从中得到某些技巧方面的启示，亦可在自己的翻译实践中引以为鉴。
•[例1] 工人们省吃俭用，希望为国家多积累资金。
[初译] Workers save food and expenses to accumulate more funds for the country. [分析] 机械对译。
“save food”是“把食物放起来”，应挖掘“省吃俭用”的深层含义生活节俭。
[改译] Workers live frugally to accumulate more funds for the state.•[例2]我国艰巨的社会主义建设事业，需要尽可能多的知识分子为它服务。
[初译]The colossal cause of our country’s socialist construction needs as many intellectuals as possible to serve it.[分析]主语没有用对。
如译文不能使主语和谓语动词相互搭配，就应设法改变主语或谓语动词，不能参照汉语句式进行直线硬译。
[改译1]China (our country)needs the services of as many intellectuals as possible for the colossal task of building socialism.[改译2] The services of as many intellectuals as possible are needed for the colossal task of building socialism in our country.•[例3]任何新生事物的成长都要经过艰难曲折。