研究生英语阅读教程基础级第二版lesson2课后习题答案

Lesson 2
Reading Selection A
The New school Choice
CATALOGUE Warm-up Activities About the Author Background Information Language Points Keys
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Warm-up Activities
What do you think of quality education? Will it be successful?
About the Author
Mary Lord is a contemporary American freelance writer for newspapers and magazines such as U.S. News & World Report, Associated Press Write. She has written many articles about American education.
Background Information
Overview of the American Education System 1. Primary school American children start school at the age of five years. The first year at school is called kindergarten. It is required of all American children enrolled in the American education system. The second year at school is considered the first year of primary school and is referred to as first grade. Primary school most commonly consists of five years of education, referred to as first through fifth grades.
Unit One Efficient Reading
Lesson Two Developing Your Reading Flexibility
1. Generally, the ability to adjust your reading rate and methods to suit the type of material you are reading and your purpose of reading is called reading flexibility. Becoming a flexible reader involves making decisions about how you will read a given piece of material. How you will read depends on why you are reading and how much you intend to remember. Rate and comprehension are the two most important factors. Your goal is to achieve a balance that suits the nature of the material and your purpose of reading.
2. Not everything on a page is of equal importance.
3. There are shortcuts that can save valuable time and make reading or learning easier. 4. It is possible to increase your reading rate without losing comprehension. 5. Not everything that appears in print is true.
Background Information
4. Graduate school Students who have obtained a bachelor’s degree can continue their education by pursuing one of two types of degrees. The first is a master’s degree. This is usually a two-year degree that is highly specialized in a specific field. Students are sometimes admitted to a master’s degree program only if they have a bachelor’s degree in a closely related field. However, there are many exceptions to this, such as with students who want to pursue a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) degree. Students who want to advance their education even further in a specific field can pursue a doctorate degree, also called a PhD.
Background Information
5. Education, a local matter The United States does not have a national school system. Nor, with the exception of the military academies (for example, the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland), are there schools run by the federal government. But the government provides guidance and funding for federal educational programs in which both public and private schools take part, and the U.S. Department of Education oversees these programs. From Hawaii to Delaware, from Alaska to Louisiana, each of the 50 states has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar while others are not.
Background Information
3. Undergraduate school Students who have completed high school and would like to attend college or university must attend what is referred to as an undergraduate school. These are schools that offer either a two-year degree (called an associate degree) or a four-year degree (called a bachelor’s degree) in a specific course of study. That course of study is called the major. While most schools that offer a four-year degree will admit students who have not yet chosen a major, all students are required to select (or declare) a major by their second year at school. Students who complete an associate degree can continue their education at a four-year school and eventually complete a bachelor’s degree.
Background Information
2. Secondary school Upon completion of fifth grade (the last year of primary school), American children enrolled in the American education system advance to secondary school. Secondary school most commonly consists of a total of seven years, referred to as sixth through twelfth grades. The ninth through twelfth grades are most commonly referred to as high school. Upon completion of twelfth grade, American students are awarded a certificate called the high school diploma.
Principles of Efficiency and Flexibility Each of the following statements expresses one of the major principles of reading efficiency and flexibility. 1. You do not always have to read everything.
Background Information
A PhD degree can take between three and six years to complete, depending on the course of study chosen, the ability of the student, and the thesis that the student has selected. The thesis is a very intensive research paper that must be completed prior to earning the degree. It is always required of students pursuing a PhD, and may sometimes be required of students pursuing a master’s degree (depending on the school). Certain courses of study are only available at the graduate school level in America. The most notable of these are law, dentistry, and medicine. Students who want to pursue a degree in one of these fields must first obtain a bachelor’s degree.
Background Information
wenku.baidu.com
In the American education system, students must have obtained a high school diploma before they are admitted into college or university. Foreign students who would like to attend an American college or university must have completed coursework that is equivalent to what is taught at an American high school.