单元机组主控系统(中英对照翻译)
DCS分散控制系统中英文对照
DCS分散控制系统中英文对照DCS ................................ 分散控制系统BTG ----------- --------------- 常规摸拟仪表RUN BACK .................... -……自动快速减负荷RUN UP ................................. 强增负荷RUN DOWN ............................. 强减负荷FCB -- ---------- ------------- 快速甩负荷MFT -------- --- ------------- 锅炉主燃料跳闸TSI- ------------ --------------- 汽轮机监测系统ETS -- ----------- ------------ 汽轮机紧急跳机系统ATS -- -------- --------------- 汽轮机自启动系统AGC- ---------- --------------- 自动发电控制ADS- ---------- --------------- 调度自动化系统CCS ----------- --------------- 单元机组协调控制系统FSSS -------- --------------- 锅炉炉膛安全监控系统BMS- ................................ 燃烧管理系统SCS ............................... 顺序控制系统MCC ................................. 调节控制系统DAS ................................. 数据采集系统DEH- ------------ ------------- 数字电液调节系统MEH- ................................ 给水泵汽轮机数字电液调节系BPS .................................. 旁路控制系统DIS ................................... 数字显示站MCS .............. .. ... ..... .... 管理指令（模拟量控制）系统BM ................................... 锅炉主控TM ............ ................. --汽轮机主控DEB—— .............. ——协调控制原理ULD ............... ............ 机组负荷指令ABTC ............................... -CCS 的主控系统MLS .............. .................. 手动负荷设定器BCS ............................... 燃烧器控制系统PLC --- ----------- -- ---- --- 可编程控制器UAM .................................. 自动管理系统MTBF- ........... ----- ............ 平均故障间隔时间MTTR ........................... 平均故障修复时间SPC—— .. .... ........ ——定值控制系统OPC——....................... 超速保护控制系统ATC -------- ------ -…——自动汽轮机控制ETS…-……-……-…汽轮机危急遮断系统AST .......... .... ................ 自动危急遮断控制IMP ............... ......... ——调节级压力VP .................................... 阀位指令FA全周进汽PA ----------------------------- 部分进汽LVDT -------------------------- 线性位移差动转换器UMS --------------------------- 机组主控顺序TMS --------------------------- 机主控顺序BMS --------------------------- 炉主控顺序BFPT -------------------------- 给水泵汽轮机PID ---------------------------- 比例积分微分调节器BATCHDATA ------------------- -批数据节STEPSUBOUTINE .............. --- 步了程序节FUNCTIONSUBOUT E一•…- 功能子程序节MONITORSUBOUTINE—……监视子程序节MCR --------------------------- 最大连续出力ASP ---------------------------- 自动停导阀LOB ---------------------------- 润滑油压低LP ---------------------------- 调速油压低LV ---------------------------- 真空低OS ---------------------------- 超速PU ---------------------------- 发送器RP ---------------------------- 转子位置TB ----------------------------- 轴向位移DPU --------------------------- 分散控制单元MIS --------------------------- 自动化管理信息系统DEL ................................. DTE ................................ DCE ................................ RTU ................................ TXD ................................ RXD ................................ RTS ................................ CTS ................................OIS ................................ EWS .........................................MMI ................................. DHC ......................................... FP-——........................ . MFC ......................................... NMRR ......................................... CMRR .........................................OIU ..................................数据换码符数据终端设备数据通信设备远程终端发送数据接收数据请求发送结束发送数据装置准备好数据终端准备好工作站数据咼速公路DSR ................................DTR ................................ WORKSTATION .......................... DATAHIGHWAYS ....................... DATANETWORK ............... ——数据网络操作员站工程师站人机接口数据高速公路控制器功能处理器多功能处理器差模抑制比共模抑制比操作员接口MMU ............................... 端子安装单元CIU ......... ....... ............... 计算机接口单元COM -- ------ ---------------- 控制器模件LIM -------- --- --- ---- -- 回路接口模件LMM ................................... 逻辑主模件BIM ... ..... ... ... ............... 总线接口模件AMM ................................... 模拟主模件DSM ................................... 数字子模件DLS ------- --- --- -- --- ---- 数字逻辑站ASM- .................................. 模拟子模件DIS ----- ........ .. ……-----数字指示站CTS —— .......................... -控制I/O子模件TPL ................................. 通信回路端子单元TDI/IDO ------------- - ---- 数字输入/输出端子单元TAI/TAO ........................ 模拟输入/输出端子单元TLS ............................ 逻辑站端子单元TCS ------- --- --- ---- ---- 控制器站端子单元CTM——…… ... .............. 组态调整单元MBD ................................ 控制板LOG- ................................ 记录器站ENG- ............................... 工程师控制站HSR- ................................ 历史数据存储及检索站OPE ... .... ..................... -操作员/报警控制台CALC ............................... 记算机站MSV- ............................... 高压主汽阀MCV ............... . .............. 高压调节阀RSV- ................................ 中压主汽阀ICV ............. ................... 中压调节阀PPS…-……-……--…-汽轮机防进水保护系统ASS ................................. 自动同步BOP ........ ................ -…轴承润滑油泵EOP ................................. 紧急事故油泵SOP——.................. ——高压备用密封油泵CCBF-- .................... ..... 协调控制锅炉跟随方式CCTF -…------协调控制汽轮机跟随方式CRT——…一——……-阴极射线管GC-…一-…——……咼压调节阀控制IC……---…---…一--中压调节阀控制TC .................................. 高压主汽阀控制LDC .............. ................. 负荷指令计算机OA ............... ----- ........... 操作员自动控制PCV- ................................ 压力控制阀门TSI ................................. 汽轮机监控仪表TPC ................................. 汽轮机压力控制UPS ................................. 不间断电源。
风力发电术语中英文对照
风力发电机用专业英语中文对照(一)风力机wind turbine风电场wind power station wind farm风力发电机组wind turbine generator system WTGS 水平轴风力机horizontal axis wind turbine垂直轴风力机vertical axis wind turbine轮毂（风力机）hub (for wind turbine)机舱nacelle支撑结构support structure for wind turbine关机shutdown for wind turbine正常关机normal shutdown for wind turbine紧急关机emergency shutdown for wind turbine空转idling锁定blocking停机parking静止standstill制动器brake停机制动parking brake风轮转速rotor speed控制系统control system保护系统protection system偏航yawing设计和安全参数design situation设计工况design situation载荷状况load case外部条件external conditions设计极限design limits极限状态limit state使用极限状态serviceability limit states极限限制状态ultimate limit state最大极限状态ultimate limit state安全寿命safe life严重故障 catastrophic failure潜伏故障latent fault dormant failure风特性wind characteristic风速wind speed风矢量wind velocity旋转采样风矢量rotationally sampled wind velocity 额定风速rated wind speed切入风速cut-in speed切出风速cut-out speed年平均annual average年平均风速annual average wind speed平均风速mean wind speed极端风速extreme wind speed安全风速survival wind speed参考风速reference wind speed风速分布wind speed distribution瑞利分布RayLeigh distribution威布尔分布Weibull distribution风切变wind shear风廓线风切变律wind profile wind shear law 风切变指数wind shear exponent对数风切变律logarithmic wind shear law风切变幂律power law for wind shear下风向down wind上风向up wind阵风gust粗糙长度roughness length湍流强度turbulence intensity湍流尺度参数turbulence scale parameter 湍流惯性负区inertial sub-range风场wind site测量参数measurement parameters测量位置measurement seat最大风速maximum wind speed风功率密度wind power density风能密度wind energy density日变化diurnal variation年变化annual variation轮毂高度hub height风能wind energy标准大气状态standard atmospheric state 风切变影响influence by the wind shear阵风影响gust influence风速频率frequency of wind speed环境environment工作环境operational environment气候climate海洋性气候ocean climate大陆性气候continental climate露天气候open-air climate室内气候indoor climate极端extreme日平均值daily mean极端最高extreme maximum年最高annual maximum年最高日平均温度annual extreme daily mean of temperature 月平均温度mean monthly temperature空气湿度air humidity绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity降水precipitation雨rain冻雨freezing rain霜淞rime雨淞glaze冰雹hail露dew雾fog盐雾salt fog雷暴thunderstorm雪载snow load标准大气压standard air pressure平均海平面mean sea level海拔altitude辐射通量radiant flux太阳辐射solar radiation直接太阳辐射direct solar radiation天空辐射sky radiation太阳常数solar constant太阳光谱solar spectrum黑体black body白体white body温室效应greenhouse effect环境温度ambient temperature表面温度surface temperature互联interconnection输出功率output power额定功率rated power最大功率maximum power电网连接点network connection point电力汇集系统power collection system风场电器设备site electrical facilities功率特性power performance静电功率输出net electric power output功率系数power performance自由流风速free stream wind speed扫掠面积swept area轮毂高度hub height测量功率曲线measurement power curve外推功率曲线extrapolated power curve年发电量annual energy production可利用率availability数据组功率特性测试data set for power performance measurement 精度accuracy测量误差uncertainty in measurement分组方法method of bins测量周期measurement period测量扇区measurement sector日变化diurnal variations浆距角pitch angle距离常数distance constant试验场地test site气流畸变flow distortion障碍物obstacles复杂地形带complex terrain风障wind break声压级sound pressure level声级weighted sound pressure level; sound level视在声功率级apparent sound power level指向性directivity音值tonality声的基准面风速acoustic reference wind speed标准风速standardized wind speed基准高度reference height基准粗糙长度reference roughness length基准距离reference distance掠射角grazing angle风轮风轮wind rotor风轮直径rotor diameter风轮扫掠面积rotor swept area风轮仰角tilt angle of rotor shaft风轮偏航角yawing angle of rotor shaft风轮额定转速rated turning speed of rotor风轮最高转速maximum turning speed of rotor风轮尾流rotor wake尾流损失wa传动比transmission ratio齿轮gear齿轮副gear pair平行轴齿轮副gear pair with parallel axes齿轮系train of gears行星齿轮系planetary gear train小齿轮pinion大齿轮wheel , gear主动齿轮driving, gear从动齿轮driven gear行星齿轮planet gear行星架planet carrier太阳轮sun gear内齿圈ring gear外齿轮external gear内齿轮internal内齿轮副internal gear pair增速齿轮副speed increasing gear增速齿轮系speed increasing gear train中心距center distance增速比speed increasing ratio齿面tooth flank工作齿面working flank非工作齿面non-working flank模数module齿数number of teeth啮合干涉meshing interference齿廓修行profile modification , profile correction 啮合engagement, mesh齿轮的变位addendum modification on gears 变位齿轮gears with addendum modification圆柱齿轮cylindrical gear直齿圆柱齿轮spur gear斜齿圆柱齿轮helical gear single-helical gear 节点pitch point节圆pitch circle齿顶圆tip circle齿根圆root circle直径和半径diameter and radius齿宽face width齿厚tooth thickness压力角pressure angle圆周侧隙circumferential backlash蜗杆worm蜗轮worm wheel联轴器coupling刚性联轴器rigid coupling万向联轴器 universal coupling安全联轴器security coupling齿tooth齿槽tooth space斜齿轮helical gear人字齿轮double-helical gear齿距pitch法向齿距normal pitch轴向齿距axial pitch齿高tooth depth输入角input shaft输出角output shaft柱销pin柱销套roller行星齿轮传动机构planetary gear drive mechanism 中心轮center gear单级行星齿轮系single planetary gear train柔性齿轮flexible gear刚性齿轮rigidity gear柔性滚动轴承flexible rolling bearing输出联接output coupling刚度rigidity扭转刚度torsional rigidity弯曲刚度flexural rigidity扭转刚度系数coefficient of torsional起动力矩starting torque传动误差transmission error传动精度transmission accuracy固有频率natural frequency弹性联接elastic coupling刚性联接rigid coupling滑块联接Oldham coupling固定联接integrated coupling齿啮式联接dynamic coupling花键式联接splined coupling牙嵌式联接castellated coupling径向销联接radial pin coupling周期振动periodic vibration随机振动random vibration峰值peak value临界阻尼critical damping阻尼系数damping coefficient阻尼比damping ratio减震器vibration isolator振动频率vibration frequency幅值amplitude位移幅值displacement amplitude速度幅值velocity amplitude加速度幅值acceleration amplitude控制与监控系统远程监视telemonitoring协议protocol实时real time单向传输simplex transmission半双工传输half-duplex transmission双工传输duplex transmission前置机front end processor运输终端remote terminal unit调制解调器modulator-demodulator数据终端设备data terminal equipment接口interface数据电路data circuit信息information状态信息state information分接头位置信息tap position information监视信息monitored information设备故障信息equipment failure information告警alarm返回信息return information设定值set point value累积值integrated total integrated value瞬时测值instantaneous measured计量值counted measured metered measured metered reading 确认acknowledgement信号signal模拟信号analog signal命令command字节byte位bit地址address波特baud编码encode译码decode代码code集中控制centralized control可编程序控制programmable control微机程控minicomputer program模拟控制analogue control数字控制digital control强电控制 strong current control弱电控制weak current control单元控制unit control就地控制local control联锁装置interlocker模拟盘analogue board配电盘switch board控制台control desk紧急停车按钮emergency stop push-button 限位开关limit switch限速开关limit speed switch有载指示器on-load indicator屏幕显示screen display指示灯display lamp起动信号starting signal公共供电点point of common coupling闪变flicker数据库data base硬件hardware硬件平台hardware platform层layer level class模型model响应时间response time软件software软件平台software platform系统软件system software自由脱扣trip-free基准误差basic error一对一控制方式one-to-one control mode 一次电流primary current一次电压primary voltage二次电流secondary current二次电压secondary voltage低压电器low voltage apparatus额定工作电压rated operational voltage额定工作电流rated operational current运行管理operation management安全方案safety concept外部条件external conditions失效failure故障fault控制柜control cabinet冗余技术redundancy正常关机normal shutdown失效-安全fail-safe排除故障clearance空转idli负载load加载to load充电to charge放电to discharge有载运行on-load operation空载运行no-load operation开路运行open-circuit operation 短路运行short-circuit operation 满载full load效率efficiency损耗loss过电压over-voltage过电流over-current欠电压under-voltage特性characteristic绝缘物insulant隔离to isolate绝缘insulation绝缘电阻insulation resistance 品质因数 quality factor泄漏电流leakage current闪烙flashover短路short circuit噪声noise极限值limiting value额定值rated value额定 rating环境条件environment condition 使用条件service condition工况operating condition额定工况rated condition负载比duty ratio绝缘比insulation ratio介质试验dielectric test常规试验routine test抽样试验sampling test验收试验acceptance test投运试验commissioning test维护试验maintenance test加速accelerating特性曲线characteristic额定电压rated voltage额定电流rated current额定频率rated frequency温升temperature rise温度系数temperature coefficient端电压terminal voltage短路电流short circuit current可靠性reliability有效性availability耐久性durability维修maintenance维护preventive maintenance工作时间operating time待命时间standby time修复时间repair time寿命life使用寿命useful life平均寿命 mean life耐久性试验endurance test寿命试验life test可靠性测定试验reliability determination test 现场可靠性试验field reliability test加速试验accelerated test安全性fail safe应力stress强度strength试验数据test data现场数据field data电触头electrical contact主触头main contact击穿breakdown耐电压proof voltage放电electrical discharge透气性air permeability电线电缆 electric wire and cable电力电缆power cable通信电缆telecommunication cable油浸式变压器oil-immersed type transformer 干式变压器dry-type transformer自耦变压器auto-transformer有载调压变压器transformer fitted with OLTC 空载电流non-load current阻抗电压impedance voltage电抗电压reactance voltage电阻电压resistance voltage分接tapping配电电器distributing apparatus控制电器control apparatus开关switch熔断器fuse断路器circuit breaker控制器controller接触器contactor机械寿命mechanical endurance电气寿命electrical endurance旋转电机electrical rotating machine直流电机direct current machine交流电机alternating current machine同步电机synchronous machine异步电机asynchronous machine感应电机induction machine励磁机exciter饱和特性saturation characteristic开路特性open-circuit characteristic负载特性load characteristic短路特性short-circuit characteristic额定转矩rated load torque规定的最初起动转矩specifies breakaway torque交流电动机的最初起动电流breakaway starting current if an a.c. 同步转速synchronous speed转差率slip短路比short-circuit ratio同步系数synchronous coefficient空载no-load系统system触电；电击electric block正常状态normal condition接触电压touch voltage跨步电压step voltage对地电压voltage to earth触电电流shock current残余电流residual current安全阻抗safety impedance安全距离safety distance安全标志safety marking安全色safety color中性点有效接地系统system with effectively earthed neutral检修接地inspection earthing工作接地working earthing保护接地protective earthing重复接地iterative earth故障接地fault earthing过电压保护over-voltage protection过电流保护over-current protection断相保护open-phase protection防尘dust-protected防溅protected against splashing防滴protected against dropping water防浸水protected against the effects of immersion 过电流保护装置over-current protective device保护继电器protective relay接地开关earthing switch漏电断路器residual current circuit-breaker灭弧装置arc-control device安全隔离变压器safety isolating transformer避雷器surge attester ; lightning arrester保护电容器 capacitor for voltage protection安全开关safety switch限流电路 limited current circuit振动vibration腐蚀 corrosion点腐蚀 spot corrosion金属腐蚀corrosion of metals化学腐蚀chemical corrosion贮存 storage贮存条件storage condition运输条件transportation condition空载最大加速度maximum bare table acceletation 电力金具悬垂线夹suspension clamp耐张线夹strain clamp挂环link挂板clevis球头挂环ball-eye球头挂钩ball-hookU型挂环shackleU型挂钩U-bolt联板yoke plate牵引板towing plate挂钩hook吊架hanger调整板adjusting plate花篮螺栓turn buckle 接续管splicing sleeve 补修管repair sleeve调线线夹jumper clamp 防振锤damper均压环grading ring屏蔽环shielding ring。
电气DCS画面英汉对照
启备变A分支
A TUR
A汽机变
A BOIL
A锅炉变
A E-P
A电除尘变
#2 COM
#2公用变
ETH SW ON（MN LIN GRD SEP SW SHT POS）
母线接地隔离开关合位
#1 LGT
#1照明变
#2 REP
#2检修变
STT SW
启动切换
RESET
复归
MOD SEL
方式选择（串/并联）
I母分屏绝缘检测仪故障
UNIT UPS SYS（单元交流不停电电源系统）
UPS FLT
UPS故障
BYP RUN
旁路运行
ACC RUN
检修旁路运行
AUX ELECTRIC SYS（辅助电气系统）
LP PLANT ELC&LGT/REP（低压厂用照明&检修）
PT FLT
PT故障
VOLT L
电压低
LGT PC
COM MCC1
公用MCC1
WAM MCC1
暖通MCC1
CHEM MCC1
精处理MCC1
COAL MCC1
煤仓间MCC1
SAFETY POWER（保安段）
DC GEN
启动/停止柴油发电机
ALLOW LOAD
允许带负荷
STT FAIL
自启动失败
MOT FLT
柴油发电机故障
GEN RUN
柴油发电机运行
SLC 10BMD SWITCH SLC
DCS画面（电气）英汉对照表
ELEC SYS OVERVIEW（电气系统概貌）
滇罗（-）
P-Q CURVE
有功-无功曲线
空调系统英语对照（AirconditioningsysteminEnglish）
空调系统英语对照（Air conditioning system in English）房间空调器 room air conditioner单元式空调机 unitary air conditioner窗式空调机 window type air conditioner分体式空调器 split type air conditioner室内机 indoor unit室外机 outdoor unit蒸发器 evaporator冷凝器 condenser毛细管 capillary tube压缩机 compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor(回转) 转子式压缩机 rotary compressor涡旋式压缩机 scroll compressor气缸 cylinder吸气阀 suction valve排气阀 discharge valve理论排量 theoretical displacement实除排量 actual displacement热交换器 heat exchangeru形管 u shape tube吊顶式 ceiling suspended吸顶式 cassettes ceiling (ceiling concealed) 壁挂式 wall mounted落地式 floor standing光管 plain copper pipe内螺纹管 inner groove copper pipe翅片管 finned tube四通换向阀 four way reversing valve单向阀 check valve轴流风机 axial flow fan (propeller fan)离心风机 centrifugal fan (sirocco fan)贯流风机 cross flow fan (1inefrow fan)截止阀 cut-off valve (ball valve)过滤器 strainer底盘 (底板) chassis (lower panel)安装板 installation sheet前 (后) 面板 front (rear) panel侧板 side plate (side panel)边板 than plate (panel)风扇电机 fan engine电机支架 engine support中间隔板 mid.isolation sheet (separated support plate) 网罩 protection grill nets扫风电机 swing engine (louver engine)步进电机 step motor (habit) engine进风格栅 air intake grill步进电机座 habit crank继电器引线 relay lead电器安装板 electrical supporting plate 盖板 cover plate (top plate)电容 capacitor电容夹 capacitor clamp胶圈 o - gasket管路系统 tubing system排气管 discharge pipe吸气管 suction pipe电气原理图 electrical principle diagram 电气接线图 electrical wring diagram线路图 circuit diagram保温管 thermal insulation pipe连接管堵头 connection pipe cap电器安装盒电气箱汽液分离器液气分离器接线板接线端子交流接触器交流接触器贮液器储液器波纹软管波纹管四芯（六芯）4控制线信号电缆（6）芯电热管加热元件扫风叶片支架百叶窗的支持左右端盖边箱（L，R）电源线电源线控制器控制器红外遥控器远程控制器继电器继电器主令开关主开关温控器恒温器螺钉螺钉螺栓螺栓螺母螺母垫圈垫片排水管排水管油分离器油分离器插片镶块插孔插入螺栓电机保护器电机保护器保险丝保险丝PTC发热元件PTC电加热器变压器变压器控制面膜控制面板脚轮蓖麻固定螺丝固定螺丝底板底板水位开关水位开关触摸开关触摸开关热断路热断路器限温器温度限制器电脑芯片IC集成电路集成电路可控硅可控硅蜂鸣器蜂鸣器插座插座插头插头过滤网空气过滤器过滤栅过滤格栅蜗壳螺旋桨住房水箱水箱水箱盖油箱盖上隔板内上盖下隔板下内罩上卡板顶盖下卡板底盖扫风叶片摆动百叶窗支撑条支撑杆导风叶片下百叶窗出风格栅前格栅出水管排水管出水槽出口水模具模具灯箱灯箱机壳体感温包temp.sensor 电磁阀电磁阀电磁线圈电磁线圈压缩机过载保护热保护器高压保护高压开关低压保护低压开关吊顶机风扇蜗壳套管集水盘排水盘安装螺钉盖螺旋盖（螺旋盖）壁挂机安装板壁架电机固定件电机支架电机固定圈橡胶支座风叶护网风扇罩室内电机风扇电机（IU）室外电机风扇电机（欧）四通阀四通阀步进/同步电机百叶窗电机电源互联线互联线（电源）信号线互联线（信号）拨动开关摆动开关电机电容风扇电机运行电容器（IU）压机电容压缩机运行电容器电机保护器风扇电机热保护压机保护器保护压缩机变压器保险管热连接在变压器电抗器反应堆电源模块IPM整流桥整流桥光藕光耦控制器保险管融合控制器压敏电阻压敏电阻电机继电器接力风机马达压机继电器继电器压缩机滤波电容X2 X2电容滤波器电容Y2 Y2电容器温度计温度计水银温度计水银温度计电阻温度计电阻温度计热敏电阻热敏电阻热电偶热电偶热电偶温度计热电偶温度计量热计量热计表压表压绝对压力绝对压力压力计压力表真空真空真空计真空计真空压力计复合表干球温度计干球温度计温球温度计湿球温度计湿度计湿度计干湿球温度计干湿球温度计流量计流量计喷嘴流量喷嘴质量流量计质量流量计温度传感器温度传感器湿度传感器湿度传感器风速仪风速计机械风速仪机械风速仪数字风速仪数字风速仪热线风速仪热线风速仪声级计声级计工具工具测量放大器测量放大器电容传声器电容话筒绝缘电阻表绝缘电阻表耐压测试仪可靠性高电压表接地电阻接地电阻测试台测试站泄漏电流测试装置泄漏电流测试设备直流电阻电桥电桥直流电阻炎炎灼热丝试验装置测试设备用废漏电起痕试验装置漏电流测试设备球压装置球压装置热平衡室或平衡热平衡环境型房间量热计焓差室湿空气焓差法或量热计测量不确定度测量不确定度扩口器管出口膨胀弯管器弯管机卤素检漏仪卤素检漏仪电子检漏仪电子检漏仪板子扳手冲击钻电动旋转锤风机盘管风机盘管阿虎：空气处理单元（空气处理机）空气处理机组故障：新风处理单元新风机组供热通风与空气调节暖通：暖通空调DCC：干盘管（干式盘管）干盘管FFU风机过滤单元：风机过滤单元茅：新风空调箱新风机组计划洁净空调系统中外气空调箱跨栏，完全是新风的空调箱阿虎：空气处理单元空气单元一般型空调箱跨栏高效：高效颗粒空气高效空气过滤器RAC：循环组合空调单元再循环空气柜单元计划C / R：洁净室无尘室清洁房间ULPA超低穿透空气过滤器：超高空气效过滤器如：风淋室空气簇射铅：传递箱传递箱答：净化工作台洁净工作台采访：泄压风门救济阻尼器CH.：制冷机CD：冷凝水管C.T.：冷却塔CAV：新风量控制箱电炉：排风机EAD：排风管EAG：排风口EAL：排风百叶FAG：新风口FAL：新风百叶前言：补风机空服员：新风时尚：新风管：防火阀F.D.慧聪网：加热盘管FP：风机盘管胡：热交换器n.r.d.：风管止回阀解析：经过处理的新风PDA：新风管（经过处理的新风）保罗：新风机（带处理功能）朋友：新风百叶R.A.：回风拉德：回风管抹布：回风口制冷剂形容词.制冷的制冷剂空气源热泵（ASHP）airsourceheatpump。
1单元机组主控制系统概述
概述大中小一、单元机组主控制系统的概念大型汽包炉以及直流炉的机组通常都是以锅炉-汽轮机-发电机组成单元制运行方式, 单元制运行方式简化了热力系统, 也更有利于安全，并做到经济发电。
尤其是中间再热机组, 由于主蒸汽管道和再热蒸汽管道往返于锅炉和汽轮机之间, 各再热机组的再热蒸汽受负荷影响又不可能一致, 无法并列运行, 只能采用单元制运行方式。
单元机组的自动调节系统主要包括主控制系统和机炉调节系统。
这里机炉调节系统指的是燃料量、空气量、汽温、给水流量等调节系统和调速系统（或功频电液调节系统）等等。
大型机组负荷控制的首要任务是保证机组出力适应电网的负荷变化要求、维持机组稳定运行。
具体地说就是对外保证单元机组有较快的功率响应和有一定的调频能力，对内保证主蒸汽压力偏差在允许范围内。
因此大型机组除应具备中小型机组那样的机炉调节系统外，还必须有一个自动调节系统，作用是接受外部负荷要求指令，并发出使机炉调节系统协调动作的指挥信号，称其为主控制系统（UNIT MASTERCONTROL SYSTE简称主控系统），也称负荷自动控制系统。
主控系统向机炉调节系统发出的指挥信号分别称为汽轮机主控制指令（或汽轮机负荷指令）MT和锅炉主控制指令（或锅炉负荷指令）MB机、炉主控制指令MT MB分别代表了汽轮机调门开度（或汽轮机功率）指令和锅炉燃烧率（及相应的给水流量）指令。
主控系统把锅炉和汽轮机组成一个联合调节对象，即作为一个整体，调节进入锅炉的能量以随时适应汽机负荷的需要。
由于锅炉和汽轮机动态特性差异较大，因此，主控系统在考虑适应负荷要求的同时，还须使机炉调节系统协调动作，使燃料量、空气量、给水流量等以及调节汽门开度协调变化，达到既尽快适应负荷变化要求，又使运行稳定的目的。
二、主控系统与机、炉调节系统的关系主控制系统相当于机炉调节系统的指挥机构，起上位控制作用；机炉调节系统对于主控制系统相当于伺服机构，起下位控制的作用，是主控制系统的基础，两者构成分层控制的结构。
控制系统中英文对照
Burner Management System燃烧管理系统CCR:Center control room中控室ER:Engineering room工程师室FRR:Field Rack Room现场仪表机柜室（控制室分站）DCS:Distributed control system集散控制系统ESD:Emergency shut-down system紧急停车系统FAT:Factory Acceptance Test工厂验收测试HMIHuman Machine Interface (operator station)人机接口（操作员站）I/O:Input/Output输入/输出MCCMotor Control Center马达控制中心MMS:Machinery Monitoring System机械监测系统MOV:Motor Operated Valve电动阀P&ID:Piping and Instrument Diagrams管道仪表流程图PFD:Process Flow Diagram工艺流程图PLC:Programmable Logic Controller可编程逻辑控制器PU:Package Unit成套设备SAT:Site Acceptance Test现场认可测试SOE:Sequence Of Events事件序列记录SIL:Safety Integrity Level安全完整性等级SIS:Safety Instrumented System安全仪表系统TMR:Triple Modular Redundant三重模块冗余Quadruple Modular Redundant (dual redundant system) 四重模块冗余（双重冗余系统）UPSUninterruptible Power Supply不间断电源1oo2One out of two, likewise: 2oo32选1，同样地3选2Aabort 中断,停止abnormal 异常abrader 研磨,磨石,研磨工具absence 失去Absence of brush 无(碳)刷Absolute ABS 绝对的Absolute atmosphere ATA 绝对大气压AC Lub oil pump 交流润滑油泵absorptance 吸收比,吸收率acceleration 加速accelerator 加速器accept 接受access 存取accomplish 完成,达到accumulator 蓄电池,累加器Accumulator battery 蓄电池组accuracy 准确,精确acid 酸性,酸的Acid washing 酸洗acknowledge 确认,响应acquisition 发现,取得action 动作Active power 有功功率actuator 执行机构address 地址adequate 适当的，充分的adjust 调整，校正Admission mode 进汽方式Aerial line 天线after 以后air 风，空气Air compressor 空压机Air duct pressure 风管压力Air ejector 抽气器Air exhaust fan 排气扇Air heater 空气加热器Air preheater 空气预热器Air receiver 空气罐Alarm 报警algorithm 算法alphanumeric 字母数字Alternating current 交流电Altitude 高度，海拔Ambient 周围的，环境的Ambient temp 环境温度ammeter 电流表，安培计Ammonia tank 氨水箱Ampere 安培amplifier 放大器Analog 模拟Analog input 模拟输入Analog-to-digital A/D 模拟转换Analysis 分析Angle 角度Angle valve 角伐Angle of lag 滞后角Angle of lead 超前角anthracite 无烟煤Anion 阴离子Anionic exchanger 阴离子交换器Anode 阳极，正极announce 通知，宣布Annual 年的，年报Annual energy output 年发电量anticipate 预期，期望Aph slow motion motor 空预器低速马达Application program 应用程序approach 近似值，接近Arc 电弧，弧光architecture 建筑物结构Area 面积，区域armature 电枢，转子衔铁Arrester 避雷器Ash 灰烬，废墟Ash handling 除灰Ash settling pond 沉渣池Ash slurry pump 灰浆泵assemble 安装，组装Assume 假定,采取,担任Asynchronous motor 异步马达atmosphere 大气，大气压Atomizing 雾化Attempt 企图Attemperater 减温器，调温器Attention 注意Attenuation 衰減,减少,降低Auto reclose 自动重合闸Auto transfer 自动转移Autoformer 自耦变压器Automatic AUTO 自动Automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器Auxiliary AUX 辅助的Auxiliary power 厂用电Available 有效的,可用的Avoid 避免,回避Avometer 万用表,安伏欧表计Axial 轴向的Axis 轴,轴线Axis disp protection 轴向位移，保护Axle 轴，车轴，心捧BBack 背后，反向的Back pressure 背压Back wash 反冲洗Back up 支持，备用Back ward 向后Baffle 隔板Bag filter 除尘布袋Balance 平衡Ball 球Ball valve 球阀Bar 巴，条杆Bar screen material classifier 栅形滤网base 基础、根据Base load 基本负荷Base mode 基本方式Batch processing unit 批处理单元Battery 电池Bearing BRG 轴承before 在…之前bell 铃Belt 带，皮带Bend 挠度，弯曲BLAS 偏置，偏压Binary 二进制，双Black 黑色Black out 大停电，全厂停电blade 叶片Bleed 放气，放水Blocking signal 闭锁信号Blow 吹Blow down 排污Blowlamp 喷灯blue 蓝色Bms watchdog Bms看门狗，bms监视器boiler BLR 锅炉Boiler feedwater pump BFP 锅炉给水泵Boil-off 蒸发汽化bolt 螺栓bore 孔，腔boost BST 增压，提高Boost centrifugal pump BST CEP 凝升泵Boost pump BP 升压泵Boot strap 模拟线路，辅助程序bottom 底部Bowl mill 碗式磨brash 脆性，易脆的bracket 支架，托架，括号breadth 宽度break 断开，断路breaker 断路器，隔离开关Breaker coil 跳闸线路breeze 微风，煤粉Brens-chluss 熄火，燃烧终结bridge 电桥，跨接，桥形网络brigade 班，组，队，大队broadcast 广播brownout 节约用电brush 电刷，刷子Brush rocker 电刷摇环Brown coal 褐煤Buchholtz protecter 瓦斯保护bucket 斗，吊斗Buffer tank 缓冲箱built 建立bulletin 公告，公报bunker 煤仓burner 燃烧器Burner management system 燃烧器管理系统Bus section 母线段busbar 母线Busbar frame 母线支架buscouple 母联button 按钮Bypass/by pass BYP 旁路Bypass valve 旁路阀学习一下，2楼的怎么没有下文了！很吊胃口！我也稍微提供一些，仅供交流参考！也希望2楼的继续有下文阿！仪表功能被测变量温度温差压力或真空压差流量液位或料位变送TT TDT PT PDT FT LT指示TI TDI PI PDI FI LI指示、变送TIT TDIT PIT PDIT FIT LIT指示、调节TIC TDIC PIC PDIC FIC LIC指示、报警TIA TDIA PIA PDIA FIA LIA指示、联锁、报警TISA TDSIA PISA PDSIA FISA LISA指示、积算FIQ指示、自动手动操作TIK TDIK PIK PDIK FIK LIK记录TR TDR PR PDR FR LR记录、调节TRC TDRC PRC PDRC FRC LRC记录、报警TRA TDRA PRA PDRA FRA LRA记录、联锁、报警TRSA TDRSA PRSA PDSRA FRSA LRSA 记录、积算PDRQ FRQ调节TC TDC PC PDC FC LC调节、变送TCT报警TA联锁、报警TSA TDSA PSA PDSA FSA LSA积算、报警FQA火焰报警BA电导率指示CI电导率指示、报警CIA时间或时间程序指示KI时间程序指示控制KIC作者: xqc130******** 时间: 2009-5-4 22:25DCS分散控制系统中英文对照DCS-----------------------------分散控制系统RUNBACK-------------------------自动快速减负荷RUNRP---------------------------强增负荷RUNDOWN-------------------------强减负荷FCB-----------------------------快速甩负荷MFT-----------------------------锅炉主燃料跳闸TSI-----------------------------汽轮机监测系统ETS-----------------------------汽轮机紧急跳机系统TAS-----------------------------汽轮机自启动系统AGC-----------------------------自动发电控制ADS-----------------------------调度自动化系统CCS-----------------------------单元机组协调控制系统FSSS----------------------------锅炉炉膛安全监控系统BMS-----------------------------燃烧管理系统SCS-----------------------------顺序控制系统MCC-----------------------------调节控制系统DAS-----------------------------数椐采集系统DEH-----------------------------数字电液调节系统MEH-----------------------------给水泵汽轮机数字电液调节系统BPS-----------------------------旁路控制系统DIS-----------------------------数字显示站MCS-----------------------------管理指令系统BM------------------------------锅炉主控TM------------------------------汽轮机主控DEB-----------------------------协调控制原理ULD-----------------------------机组负荷指令ABTC----------------------------CCS的主控系统MLS-----------------------------手动负荷设定器BCS-----------------------------燃烧器控制系统PLC-----------------------------可编程控制器UAM-----------------------------自动管理系统MTBF----------------------------平均故障间隔时间MTTR----------------------------平均故障修复时间SPC-----------------------------定值控制系统OPC-----------------------------超数保护控制系统ATC-----------------------------自动汽轮机控制ETS-----------------------------汽轮机危急遮断系统AST-----------------------------自动危急遮断控制IMP------------------------------调节级压力VP------------------------------阀位指令FA------------------------------全周进汽PA------------------------------部分进汽LVDT----------------------------线性位移差动转换器UMS-----------------------------机组主控顺序BMS-----------------------------炉主控顺序BFPT----------------------------给水泵汽轮机PID-----------------------------比例积分微分调节器BATCHDATA-----------------------批数椐节STEPSUBOUTINE-------------------步子程序节FUNCTIONSUBOUTINE—-------------功能子程序节MONITORSUBOUTINE----------------监视子程序节MCR-----------------------------最大连续出力ASP-----------------------------自动停导阀LOB-----------------------------润滑油压低LP------------------------------调速油压低LV------------------------------真空低OS------------------------------超速PU------------------------------发送器RP------------------------------转子位置TB------------------------------轴向位移DPU-----------------------------分散控制单元MIS-----------------------------自动化管理信息系统DEL-----------------------------数据换码符DTE-----------------------------数据终端设备DCE-----------------------------数据通信设备RTU-----------------------------远程终端TXD-----------------------------发送数据RXD-----------------------------接收数据RTS-----------------------------请求发送CTS-----------------------------结束发送DSR-----------------------------数据装置准备好DTR-----------------------------数据终端准备好WORKSTATION---------------------工作站DATAHIGHWAYS--------------------数据高速公路DATANETWORK---------------------数据网络OIS-----------------------------操作员站EWS-----------------------------工程师站MMI-----------------------------人机接口DHC-----------------------------数据高速公路控制器FP------------------------------功能处理器MFC-----------------------------多功能处理器NMRR----------------------------差模抑制比CMRR----------------------------共模抑制比OIU-----------------------------操作员接口MMU-----------------------------端子安装单元CIU-----------------------------计算机接口单元COM-----------------------------控制器模件LMM-----------------------------逻辑主模件BIM-----------------------------总线接口模件AMM-----------------------------模拟主模件DSM-----------------------------数字子模件DLS-----------------------------数字逻辑站ASM-----------------------------模拟子模件DIS-----------------------------数字指示站CTS-----------------------------控制I/O子模件TPL-----------------------------通信回路端子单元TDI/IDO-------------------------数字输入/输出端子单元TAI/TAO-------------------------模拟输入/输出端子单元TLS-----------------------------逻辑站端子单元TCS-----------------------------控制器站端子单元CTM-----------------------------组态调整单元MBD-----------------------------控制板LOG-----------------------------记录器站ENG-----------------------------工程师控制站HSR-----------------------------历史数据存储及检索站OPE-----------------------------操作员/报警控制台CALC----------------------------记算机站TV------------------------------高压主汽阀GV------------------------------高压调节阀RV------------------------------中压主汽阀IV------------------------------中压调节阀PPS-----------------------------汽轮机防进水保护系统AS------------------------------自动同步BOP-----------------------------轴承润滑油泵EOP-----------------------------紧急事故油泵SOB-----------------------------高压备用密封油泵CCBF----------------------------协调控制锅炉跟随方式CCTF----------------------------协调控制汽轮机跟随方式CRT-----------------------------阴极射线管GC------------------------------高压调节阀控制IC------------------------------中压调节阀控制TC------------------------------高压主汽阀控制LDC-----------------------------负荷指令计算机OA------------------------------操作员自动控制PCV-----------------------------压力控制阀门RD------------------------------快速降负荷RSV-----------------------------中压主汽阀TSI-----------------------------汽轮机监控仪表TPC-----------------------------汽轮机压力控制UPS-----------------------------不间断电源HONEYWELL PKS 术语缩写AI Analog Input 模拟量输入AO Analog Output 模拟量输出ACS Automation Control System 自动控制系统CM Control Module 控制模块CNI ControlNet Interface ControlNet接口CPM Control Processor Module 控制处理器模块CR Control Room Area 控制室DI Digital Input 数字量输入DO Digital Output 数字量输出ES Experion Server Experion服务器ESD Emergency Shutdown System 紧急停车系统FB Function Block 功能块FGS-ENG Fire & Gas System Engineering Station 消防和燃气系统工程站FTE Fault Tolerant Ethernet 容错以太网HAI HART Analog Input 带HART协议的模拟量输入IO Input Output 输入输出LAN Local Area Network 局域网MAC Media Access Control 媒体访问控制NIC Network Interface Card 网络接口卡OI Override Interlock 覆写联锁OP Output 输出PCS Process Control System 过程控制系统P-LAN Process LAN 过程局域网P-LAN-A P-LAN A 过程局域网AP-LAN-B P-LAN B 过程局域网BPRN Printer 打印机PRSV Printer Server 打印服务器RCP Redundant Chassis Pair 冗余机架对RM Redundancy Module 冗余模块RTU Remote Terminal Unit 远程终端单元SCM Sequence Control Module 顺控模块SDS Shutdown System 停车系统SI Safety Interlock 安全连锁SP Set Point 设定值STN Experion Station Exrerion站UPS Un-interruptible Power Supply 不间断电源TS Terminal Server 终端服务器MICC（Main Instrument&Control Contractor)主要仪表和控制承包商MAV （Main Automation Vendor）主要自动化供应商MIV（Main Instrument Vendor）主要仪表供应商作者：张强。
风力发电机组中英文词汇对照
风力发电机组中英文词汇对照Aa.t.c.system 加工中心机刀库abrasive disc 磨料盘abscissa axis 横坐标absolute encoder 绝对式编码器absolute humidity 绝对湿度ac motor 交流环电动机accelerated test 加速试验accelerating 加速acceleration amplitude 加速度幅值accelerometer 加速度传感器acceptance test 验收试验accumulator 储压罐accuracy 精度acetone 丙酮acknowledgement 确认acoustic reference wind speed 声的基准风速activation power (for wind turbines) 临界功率activation rotational speed 临界转速activation 活动，赋活，激活，活化，激励，启用active (passive) circuit elements 有（无）源电路元件active component 有功分量active current 有功电流active in respect to 相对….呈阻性active power 有功功率active yawing 主动偏航acute angle 锐角addendum modification on gear 齿轮的变位address 地址adhesive 带粘性的，胶粘，粘合剂adjustable spanner 活动扳手adjusting plate 调整板admittance 导纳admixture 混合，混合物adversely 逆地，反对地adze 扁斧aerial航空的，生活在空气中的，空气的，高耸的，天线aerodynamic characteristics of rotor 风轮空气动力特性aerodynamic chord of airfoil 气动弦线aerosol 浮质，气溶胶，气雾剂，烟雾剂ageing tests 老化试验aggregate 合计，总计，集合体aggressively 侵略地，攻势地air braking system 空气制动系统air gap 气隙air header 集气管air humidity 空气湿度air inlet 通风口air permeability 透气性air set 空气中凝固，常温自硬自然硬化air-cushion 空气垫airfoil 翼型air-gap flux distribution 气隙磁通分布air-gap flux 气隙磁通air-gap line 气隙磁化线air-termination system 接闪器alarm 报警algebraic 代数的algorithmic 算法的align 对准，校直alignment 对准，定位调整alkali-sensitive 碱性感测allen key 六方allen wrench 六方扳手alloy 合金alloy 合金alteration变更，改造alternating current machine 交流电机alternating current 交流电流alternating voltage 交流电压altitude 海拔aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉ambient temperature 环境温度ammeter电流表ampere-turns 安匝(数)amplidyne 微场扩流发电机amplifier panel 放大器盘amplifier 放大器amplitude modulation(am 调幅amplitude 幅值anaerobic没有空气而能生活的，厌氧性的analog input terminals 模拟量输入端子analog signal 模拟信号analogue board 模拟盘analogue control 模拟控制analyzer分析器anchor bolt 地脚螺栓anchor bolt 锚定螺栓anchor 锚，抛锚，锚定anemometer 风速计aneroid barometer无液气压表，无液晴雨angle grinder角锉angle of attack of blade 叶片几何攻角angle of rotor shaft 风轮仰角angle plate角盘annealing 退火annual average wind speed 年平均风速annual average 年平均annual energy production 年发电量annual extreme daily mean of temperature 年最高日平均温度annual maximum 年最高annual variation 年变化annulus环面anode阳极，正极anodization 阳极氧化antenna 天线；触角antifriction减低或防止磨擦之物，润滑剂anvil铁砧apparent sound power level 视在声功率级application drawing操作图，应用图approximate近似，接近，约计arbor 树阴；凉亭；藤架arc control device 灭弧装置arc cutting电弧切割arc gouging 电弧刨削arc welding 电弧焊arc welding 电弧焊arc 弧，弓形，拱，电弧Archimedean screw阿基米德螺线armature circuit 电枢电路armature coil 电枢线圈Armature m.m.f. wave 电枢磁势波armature 电枢articulated接合，链接，有关节的aspect ratio 叶片展弦比assemble集合，聚集，装配assembly 装配assorted files分类排列；相匹配(文件) assume假定，设想，采取，呈现asynchronous generator 异步电机attenuate 衰减attenuation变薄，稀薄化，变细，衰减audit 审计auger打孔钻，螺丝钻auto transformer 自耦变压器automatic station 无人值守电站automatic temperature recorder 温度自动记录器automatic voltage regulator(avr) 自动电压调整器auxiliary circuit 辅助电路auxiliary device 辅助装置auxiliary motor 辅助电动机auxiliary switch辅助接点availability 可利用率（风力发电机组）average noise level 平均噪声average 平均，平均水平，平均数，海损，一般的，通常的aviation light 航空灯awl 锥子axe斧，(经费的)大削减axial pitch 轴向齿距axle 轮轴，车轴Bback saw背锯back-feed反馈backlash反冲，无效行程；间隙，偏移；退balancing equipment 平衡设备ball bearing滚珠轴ball saddle滚珠支撑ball-eye 球头挂环ball-hook 球头挂钩ball-peen hammer 圆头锤band saw 带锯bandwidth 带宽band区；带，波段带子，镶边，波段，队，乐队. 联合，结合bar magnet磁条barometer气压计base material基底材料base 基极basic error 基准误差battery power drill电池钻baud rate波特率baud 波特bayonet 卡口beach海滨；湖滨；河滩bead 珠子，水珠beam compass长臂圆规beam idler gear 惰轮齿beam trammel骨架bearer 支架，托架，支座，载体bearing fittings 轴承配件bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机bearings 轴承bell crank曲柄bellow type 波纹管式belt drive 带传动belting制带的材料，带类，调带装置bend 弯管弯头bending machines 弯曲机bending 挠曲Bessemer converter 酸性转炉，贝塞麦转炉Bessemer酸性转炉钢bevel gear斜角；斜齿轮bevel-edge steel 斜缘薄钢板beveling 磨斜棱，磨斜边biconcave lens两面凹镜biconvex lens两面凸镜bifurcated rivet 开口铆钉；分叉的铆钉bilateral circuit 双向电路bimetallic双金属的bimotored 双马达的bin二进制biphase 双相的bipolar junction transistor (bjt) 双极性晶体管bit 位；比特black body 黑体blade for iron saw 剧刃blade losses 叶片损失blade 叶片blades 刀片blades，saw 锯片blast cleaning皮老虎blast furnace鼓风炉blast 强风bleed 放出(液体，气体等)；漏出，漏入，泄漏，色料扩散bleeder valve 溢流阀blinding plate盲板blind挡板block and tackle滑轮组block diagram 方框图block diagram框图blocking(for wind turbines) 锁定（风力机）blowhole气泡，气孔blowlamp喷灯blowpipe吹风管blowtorch 吹管，喷灯board 底板，板boiler锅炉；煮器；烧水器bolt 螺栓bolts,screws & nuts 螺栓，螺帽及螺丝bolt螺栓，螺钉，支持，维持bonding bar 等电位连接带bonding conductor 等电位连接导体bonding wire 接合线，焊线bone 骨剔除bonnet软帽，汽车发动机罩boost 增压boost-buck 升压去磁bore钻孔，钻boring heads 搪孔头boring machines 镗床both sides welding.双面焊接bottom dead-centre 下死点；下顶点bow-spring compass 弓形片弹簧圆规box spanner inset 插入式套筒扳手box spanner管钳子brace 支柱，带子，振作精神bracket托架，括弧，支架brad 曲头钉bradawl小锥brake fluid 刹车油brake disc 刹车盘brake lining 闸衬片brake mechanism 制动机构brake pad 闸垫brake setting 制动器闭合brake setting 制动器闭合brake shoe 闸轨brake(for wind turbines) 制动器braking mechanism 制动机构braking releasing 制动器释放braking system 制动系统branch connection 分支接续branch of joint连接分支brass黄铜，黄铜制品，brazing铜焊breakaway force 起步阻力breakaway starting current of an a.c. 交流电动机的最初启动电流breakdown torque 极限转矩breakdown 击穿breaker 断路器breast drill 胸压手摇钻breather 呼吸者，喘息者，剧烈的运动bricklayer's hammer 砖匠锤bridges 管式桥bronze 青铜brush wastage 碳刷磨损bubble 磁泡，水泡，气泡buck 补偿bucket桶，一桶的量，铲斗buffing wheel 抛光轮，弹性磨轮bulkhead隔壁，防水壁bulk 大小，体积，大批，大多数，散装bulldozer 推土机Bunsen burner 本生灯burn through 烧蚀burr 芒刺；刺果植物；针球bursting disc 防爆膜bursting 突然破裂，爆发，脉冲bus bar separator 母线间隙垫bus bar support 硬母线固定金？bus bar 母线bus coupler 总线耦合器bus duct 母线槽bus-bar expansion joint 母线伸缩节bush 矮树丛，(机械)衬套bushing轴衬，套管butt weld 对接焊缝butt welding 对接焊byte 字节Ccabinet converter 变频器柜cabinet door 柜门cabinet nacelle transformer 机舱变压器柜cabinet nacelle 机舱机柜cabinet tower 塔基机柜cable armor电缆铠装cable bundle 束，光纤束；捆，卷cable cutter 电缆剪cable fitting电缆配件cable gland 电缆衬垫cable gland 电缆衬垫cable glands 电缆衬垫cable making tools 造线机cable reel 电缆盘cable routing电缆路由选择cable shear 电缆剪cable sheath电缆包皮层cable shoes电缆靴cable tie 电缆带cable tie电缆带cable tray 电缆盘cable trunk 电缆管道cable twist 扭缆cage 笼型calculation sheet计算书calibration标度，刻度，校准caliper测径器，卡钳，弯脚器calorimeter热量计camber 拱形camshaft凸轮轴cam凸轮cancel 取消，删去cantilever伸臂，悬臂；悬臂梁capacitance effect 电容效应capacitance 电容capacitor for voltage protection 保护电容器capacitor 电容器capacity 容量capping ends顶盖末端capstan lathe绞盘车床carbon-filament lamp 碳丝灯泡carburettor 汽化器cardan shaft万向轴carrier 载波cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标系cartridge额盒式磁盘[带](机)；夹头cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子castellated coupling 牙嵌式联接casting 铸件，铸造casting, aluminium 铸铝casting, copper 铸铜casting, gray iron 铸灰口铁casting, malleable iron 可锻铸铁casting, other 其他铸造casting, steel 铸钢castle nut城堡螺母cast 投；掷；抛catalyst 催化剂，触媒catastrophic failure(for wind turbines) 严重故障cathode 阴极cathode-ray tube阴极射线管cathodic protection system 阴极保护系统catwalk桥上人行道，狭小通道caulking metal填隙合金[金属](材料) caulking 填…以防漏caution小心ccw 逆时针cement lined piping 水泥衬里cement 水泥，接合剂，接合，用水泥涂，巩固，粘牢center distance 中心距center gear 中心轮center puncher中心冲centralized control 集中控制centre bit中心位centrifugal unit 离心单元centrifugal 离心ceramics 陶瓷；陶瓷技术chain drive 链传动chain making tools 造链机chain vice 链式钳chain wheel 滑轮chain-grate stoker 链条炉排加煤机chamfer machines 倒角机change over switching 换接change over 改变成，对调位channel bases沟渠基底characteristic 特性characteristic curves 特性曲线charge 充电chaser猎人，驱逐舰check against 检查，核对check valve止回阀cheese 干酪，垫砖cheese-head screw 有槽凸圆柱头螺钉chemical corrosion 化学腐蚀chipping 修琢chisel 凿子砍凿chloride 氯化物，漂白粉choke valve 阻气阀choke 窒息，阻气门chopper circuit 斩波电路chord 弦，和音，情绪chrome 铬；铬矿石；氧化铬chronometer 精密计时表chuck 轻拍，抛掷，驱逐，丢弃，用卡盘夹住chucks 夹盘circlip 环形，弹性挡圈circuit branch 支路circuit breaker保护断路器circuit breaker断路开关circuit components 电路元件circuit diagram 电路图circuit diagram 电路图circuit parameters 电路参数circular saw圆锯circular圆形，环；循环circulate 循环；流通circulating循环circumference周线；外围；周围circumferential backlash 圆周侧隙circumferential joint 周圈接缝civil engineer 土木工程师civil works土建工程，建筑工程clamp ammeter钳形表clamp 夹钳clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统clamp夹子，夹具，夹钳claw hammer 拔钉锤clearance 排除故障，清除clevis drawbar 牵引环，联结钩clevis joint 拖钩，脚架接头clevis ｕ形夹climate 气候close grain 结晶粒closed circuit 闭合电路clout nail大帽钉club hammer锤子，榔头clutch离合器，联轴器cnc bending presses 电脑数控弯折机cnc boring machines 电脑数控镗床cnc drilling machines 电脑数控钻床cnc edm wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机cnc electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机cnc engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机cnc grinding machines 电脑数控磨床cnc lathes 电脑数控车床cnc machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件cnc milling machines 电脑数控铣床cnc shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机cnc toolings cnc 刀杆cnc wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机coarse粗(糙，略)，近似coaxial cable同轴电缆coaxial 共轴的，同轴的cobalt钴(符号为co)，钴类颜料，由钴制的深蓝色code 代码coefficient of torsional rigidity 扭转刚度系数coil 线圈coil spring弹圈coil winding 线圈绕组coincide in phase with 与….同相collar bolt凸缘螺栓collar 凸缘；圈，环，套环，轴；卡圈；安装环collector ring 集电环collector 集电极color identification 彩色识别combination pliers 台钳combination 结合，联合，合并，化合，化合物combustion chamber 燃烧室command 命令commencement 开始commissioning test 投运试验common earthing system 共用接地系统commutation condition 换向状况commutation 换向commutator segment 换向片commutator 换向器commutator-brush combination 换向器-电刷总线complex impedance 复数阻抗complex number 复数complex terrain 复杂地形带compound generator 复励发电机compound 混合物，[化]化合物复合的，混合，配合compounded 复励compressor 压缩物，压缩机，收缩机concave lens 凹面镜concave-convex lens 凸凹镜concrete drill 混凝土钻concrete 混凝土；具体condensation 冷凝condenser 冷凝器；凝结器，电容器conductance 电导conductivity 导电性conductor clamp 卡线钳conductor holder 夹线器conductor 导体conductor 导体conduit box [电]导管分线匣conduit entry 导管引入装置conduit outlet 电线引出口conduit 管道，导管，沟渠，泉水，喷泉cone数、物]锥形物，圆锥体，(松树的)球果，使成锥形conical 圆锥的，圆锥形的conjunction联合，关联，连接词connecting rod连接杆connection 联结connector 接线器considerably 相当地consistency连结，结合，坚固性，浓度，密度，一致性，连贯性console 安慰，藉慰，控制台console 控制台constant chord blade 等截面叶片construction work 施工工程contact 触头contactor 接触器container箱；罐；容器，集装箱，货柜contaminate 污染，弄污continental climate 大陆性气候continuous operation 持续运行contrast使与…对比，使与…对照，和…形成对照，对比，对照，(对照中的) control apparatus 控制电器control cabinet 控制柜control cable 控制电缆操纵索control circuit 控制电路control console 控制台control desk 控制台control device 控制装置control gear 控制设备control panel 控制面板control system(for wind turbine) 控制系统control valve actuator 阀控传动机构control valve 控制阀，control wiring 控制线路control 控制器controller 控制器convection传送；运流；对流convenience receptacle 电源插座converter 变流器convex lens 凸透镜conveying chains 输送链coolers 冷却机cooling 冷却；冷却技术core sand 型芯沙correspond 符合，协调，通信，相当，相应corridor 通路corrosion of metals 金属腐蚀corrosion resistance tests 耐腐试验corrosion 腐蚀corrosion腐蚀，浸蚀cost per kilowatt hour of the electricity generated by wtgs 度电成本cotter pin 开口销counted measured ，metered measured ，metered reading 计量值counter input 脉冲量输入counter weight 重锤countersink bit装定位countersink埋头孔，暗钉眼counting计算coupling bolt 联结，接合，耦合，耦合性，耦合技术coupling capacitor 结合电容coupling 联轴器coupling 联轴器coverage 覆盖；敷层；有效区域crack 裂纹，裂缝cramp 钳位(电路)；压[夹板]；卡子，夹(子)；压[夹]紧crane 吊车crankcase曲柄轴箱crankshaft曲轴；机轴crank不稳定的，摇晃的，曲柄crate 柳条箱crimping tools 卷边工具criterion 标准，判据，准则critical damping 临界阻尼cross mark 十字标记cross slotted screw 十字长孔crosshead 小标题，子题，[机]十字头，丁字头cross-peen hammer 横头锤cross-section 横断面；横切面；截面crosswise 斜地，成十字状地，交叉地crowbar 撬棍；铁棍；起货钩crown wheel 顶圈crucible 坩锅，严酷的考验cubicle 室，箱cumulatively compounded motor 积复励电动机cupola furnace 园顶熔炉current ration 电流定值current 电流curvature function of airfoil 弯度函数customs 进口税，海关cut in wind speed 切入风速cut out wind speed 切出风速cutters 刀具cutter刀具，切割机cutting disk 切割盘cutting opening 切孔cutting 切割cutting-off machines 切断机cw 顺时针cylinder block 缸体cylinder head 缸头cylinder-head gasket 缸头垫片，垫圈；接合垫cylindrical gear 圆柱齿轮cylindrical 圆柱形，圆柱体；柱面Ddaily mean 日平均值dampen使潮湿，使沮丧damper 防振锤damping coefficient 阻尼系数damping ratio 阻尼比damping 阻尼data base 数据库data circuit 数据电路data terminal equipment 数据终端电路date set(for power performance measurement) 数据组（测试功率特性）dc generator 直流发电机dc motor 直流电动机de machine 直流电机deactivate释放；去激励；停用；退出工作；使无效debris碎片，残骸decimal 十进的，小数的，小数decode 译码defective有缺陷的，欠缺的deflect (使)偏斜，(使)偏转deflection偏向；偏斜；转向deformation 变形，形变；畸变，失真degrease脱脂，除油污degree Celsius摄氏度degree of curvature 弯度delta connection 三角形联结demodulator 解调器deploy展开，配置deposit 堆积物，沉淀物，存款，押金，保证金，存放物depression 沮丧，消沉，低气压，低压depressurizes 使减压，使降压depress使沮丧，使消沉，压下，压低depth gauge 深度计design limit 设计极限design pressure 设计压力design situation 设计工况detergent 清洁剂，去垢剂deviation 偏差，偏移dew 露dial gauge量规dial micrometer千分尺diameter and radius 直径和半径diamond cutters 钻石刀具dicing saws 晶圆切割机die casting dies 压铸冲模die casting machines 压铸机dielectric test 介质试验dielectric 电介质，绝缘体dies-progressive 连续冲模diestock 螺丝攻differential gear 差速齿轮differential protection 差动保护differentiation 微分diffuser 漫射体；(扬声器)纸盆；扩散器digger 挖掘者挖掘机digital clock 数字钟digital control 数字控制digital input terminal 数字量输入端子digital output terminal 数字量输出端子digitizing tablet 数字面板dilute 冲淡，变淡，变弱，稀释dimensional inspection 尺寸检验diode module 二极管模块direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数direct axis 直轴direct current machine 直流电机direct current 直流电流direct solar radiation 直接太阳辐射direct voltage 直流电压direct-current 直流directivity(for wtgs) 指向性discharge 卸下，放出，清偿(债务)，履行(义务)，解雇，开(炮)，放(枪)，射(箭)，卸货，流注，放电dismantle拆除，拆卸dismount 拆卸，卸下displacement amplitude 位移幅值displacement current 位移电流display lamp 指示灯disposable tool holder bits 舍弃式刀头disposal 处理，处置，布置，安排，配置，支配disposition notice 处罚通知书dissipation 分散，浪费，损耗，耗散，消耗distance constant 距离常数distance ring间隔环distortion 畸变distributing apparatus 配电电器distribution board配电盘，配电屏distributor发行人，分电盘，配电器diurnal variation 日变化dividers 圆规dog clutch 瓜形(式)离合器，齿式离合器dolly 洋娃娃，移动车，台车，，移动摄影车domed nut 圆顶螺母double clamp 双卡头double phase 两相double-helical gear 人字齿轮doubt 不确定；疑惑dowel 木钉，销子，用暗销接合down conductor 引下线down wind 下风向drag coefficient 阻力系数drain tap 排气阀drain 排水管drain 泄油，排水沟，消耗，排水draw bar 绘图刀drawing board 画图板，制图板drawing machines 拔丝机drawing pin 图钉drawing point 绘图点drift 漂移，偏差drill gauge 钻规drill 训练，钻孔，条播，钻头；锥子；钻孔机；钻床；钻driller 钻孔者，钻孔机drilling machine 钻床drilling machines bench 钻床工作台drilling machines 钻床drilling machines, high-speed 高速钻床drilling machines, multi-spindle 多轴钻床drilling machines, radial 摇臂钻床drilling machines, vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头drip pan油滴盘drive train 传动链driving gear 主动齿轮drop hammer落锤drum brake鼓状刹车drum鼓，鼓声dry type transformer 干式变压器dryness干，干燥duplex transmission 双工传输durability 耐久性duration宽度，持续时间dust protected 防尘dust 灰尘，尘土，尘埃duty ratio 负载比dye penetrant examination 染料渗透试验法dynamic coupling 齿啮式联接dynamic response 动态响应dynamic-state operation 动态运行dynamo 发电机dynamometer 测力计，功率计Ee.m.f = electromotive fore 电动势earth conductor 接地线earth electrode 接地体earth termination system 接地装置earth;ground 地earthed circuit 接地电路earthing reference points 接地基准点earthing switch 接地开关eddy current 涡流effective values 有效值effects of saturation 饱和效应efficiency of wtgs 机组效率efficiency 效率elastic coupling 弹性联接elbow 弯管接头electric arc电弧electric charge 电荷electric circuit 电路electric coupling 耦合器electric current 电流electric discharge machines(edm) 电火花机electric energy transducer 电能转换器electric energy 电能electric heat tracing.电伴随加热electric machine 电机electric power tools 电动刀具electric shock 触电；电击electric wire and cable 电线电缆electric 电的electrical contact 电触头electrical device 电气设备electrical device 电气元件electrical discharge 放电electrical endurance 电气寿命electrical material电气材料electrical panel 配电板，配电盘electrical rotating machine 旋转电机electricity 电electrode 电焊条electrode 电极electrode 电极电焊条electrolysis 电解，电蚀electrolyte电解，电解液electromagnetic braking system 电磁制动系electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩electroplating 电镀，电镀术electrostatics 静电学eliminate消除，删去，排除；切断embedded pc 嵌入式pcemergency braking system 紧急制动系统emergency shutdown 紧急关机emergency stop push button 紧急停车按钮emergency-stop 紧急停止emery cloth砂布，金刚砂布emery wheel 金刚砂旋转磨石，砂轮emery 金刚砂，刚玉砂emitter 发射管放射器发射极encode 编码end ring 端环endplate终板endurance test 耐久性试验endwise 末端朝前或向上的，向前的energizing 使活跃，给予精力，加强，给与…电压energy converter 电能转换器engagement mesh 啮合engraving machines 雕刻机engraving machines, laser 激光雕刻机environment condition 环境条件environment 环境epicyclical gear计数齿epoch angle 初相角epoxy 环氧树脂epoxy-glued环氧胶equilateral triangle 等边三角形equipment failure information 设备故障信息equipotential bonding 等电位连接equivalent t circuit t型等值电路erection 架设erection直立，竖起，建筑物error codes 故障代码error detector 误差检测器error signal 误差信号etching machines 蚀刻机ethercat extension扩展端子event information 事件信息examination试验excitation response 励磁excitation response 励磁响应excitation system 励磁系统excitation励磁excited by 励磁exciter 励磁机exciting voltage 励磁电压exfoliation剥落exhaust pipe 排气管exhaust valve排气阀expanded metal膨胀金属expander扩展器，扩展电路，扩大器expansion bolt 伸缩栓，扩开螺栓expansion bolt伸缩栓，扩开螺栓expansion bolt自攻螺丝expansion joint 伸缩接头expansion joint 伸缩接头explanatory quad填充铅块extension tube伸缩管external armature circuit 电枢外电路external calipers 外卡钳external characteristic 外特性external conditions(for wind turbines) 外部条件（风力机）external conditions(for wtgs) 外部条件external gear 外齿轮external lightning protection system 外部放雷系统external power supply 外部动力源extern外(面)的，外来的extrapolated power curve 外推功率曲线extreme 极端extreme maximum 极端最高extreme wind speed 极端风速extrusion 挤压，挤压成形eye bolt 吊耳eye screw螺丝眼Ffabrication drawing 制造图纸，制作图fabrication tolerance 制造容差fabrication 加工，制造fabrication 制造；生产；结构fabrication.制造face width 齿宽faceplate面板，花盘facilitate使容易，使便利，推动，帮助，使容易，促进fag bolt，疲劳螺栓fail safe 安全性failure 失效fake假货，欺骗，伪造，赝造，捏造，假造，仿造fan belt风扇皮带fan heater 风扇加热器fault earthing 故障接地fault 故障feather position 顺桨位置feathering 顺浆feedback component 反馈元件feedback loop 反馈回路feedback signal 反馈信号feedback system 反馈系统feeder 馈电线feeler gauge触规felling axe外轮轴ferritic 铁素体的fetch 接来，取来，带来，售得，引出，吸引，到达，演绎出fidelity 保真度field coils 励磁线圈field current 励磁电流field data 现场数据field effect transistor (fet) 场效应管field fabricated 工地制造的，现场装配的field installation 现场安装field instrument 携带式仪表field reliability test 现场可靠性试验field test with turbine 外联机试验field winding 磁场绕组励磁绕组filament灯丝；细丝filler metal 焊料，焊丝filler rod焊条fillet weld 角焊，填角焊film density 影片密度film viewer底片观察用光源filter 过滤器finishing machines 修整机fire barriers防火间隔fire extinguisher灭火器firebrick 耐火砖fireman's axe消防斧firmer chisel 凿子fixing 固定fixture 夹具flange connection.凸缘联接flange coupling凸缘联轴器flange gasket 法兰垫片flange joint 凸缘接头flange 边缘，轮缘，凸缘，法兰flange 凸缘flanged nut凸缘螺母flanged union凸缘连接flank侧面，军队侧翼，侧腹flash plate闪熔镀层flash welding 闪光焊flashlight手电筒，闪光灯flashover 闪络flashpoint闪点flat nut平螺母flat 平坦的，扁平的，单调的，倒下的，浅的flat-head rivet平头铆钉flaw裂缝，缺陷，疵瑕flexible conduit软管flexible gear 柔性齿轮flexible rolling bearing 柔性滚动轴承flexural rigidity 抗挠刚度flexure 弯曲，挠曲flex弯曲(四肢)，伸缩，折曲flicker coefficient for continuous operation 持续运行的闪变系数flicker step factor 闪变阶跃系数flicker 闪变float chamber浮子floating 漂浮的，浮动的，移动的，流动的，不固定的flow charts 流程图flow distortion 气流畸变flow instrument 流量计flow instrument流量计flow sheet 流程图flue烟洞，烟道，暖气管，蓬松的东西flushing 冲洗，填缝flush刷新flutter 颤振flux linkage 磁链flux 磁通，通量；焊剂；流动，熔化，流出flux 焊剂fog 雾foot pump脚泵forge炼炉；熔炉forging dies 锻模forging，aluminium 锻铝forging，cold 冷锻forging，copper 铜锻forging，other 其他锻造forging，steel 钢锻fork 派生(指令)，分叉(指令)，分支fork-lift truck 叉架式运货车，铲车formation 构造，结构；形成，建立；形式forming 印版form-wound 模绕forward transfer function 正向传递函数foundation earth electrode 基础接地体foundation 基础，根本，建立，创立，地基foundry equipment 铸造设备foundry铸造，翻砂，铸工厂，玻璃厂，铸造厂four-jaw chuck 四爪卡盘four-stroke 四冲程frame 帧，画面；框架机架，架，机柜free stand tower 独立式塔架free stream wind speed 自由流风速freezing rain 冻雨frequency converter 变频器frequency of wind speed 风速频率frequency shift keying(fsk) 移频键控frequency 频率frequency 频率fret-saw线剧friction grip摩擦盘friction 摩擦，摩擦力frictional摩擦的，摩擦力的front end processor 前置机frost霜，霜冻，严寒，结霜full load 满载full load 满载full-load torque 满载转矩funnel 漏斗，烟窗furnace炉子，熔炉furnish 供应，提供，装备，布置fuse 溶断器fusion 熔融Ggage glass 液位玻璃管gain 增益gain 增益gale强风，大风galvanizing 通电流于，电镀gang saw 直锯gas burner 煤气灶，煤气火焰gas cutting 气割gas main 煤气总管gas mask防毒面具gas pedal气体，煤气，毒气，汽油，瓦斯gas turbine 燃气涡轮gas well 天然气井gas works煤气厂gaskets垫片，垫圈；接合垫gasket垫片，垫圈；接合垫gasometer 煤气厂，气量计gate pole门极gate valve门阀gauge board样板，模板规准尺gauge board仪表板gauge标准尺，规格，量规，量表，测量gavel 槌gear bearing de 齿轮轴承驱动端gear bearing nde 齿轮轴承非驱动端gear box ratio 齿轮箱变比gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机gear fan 齿轮箱冷却风扇gear lever 变速杆gear motor 齿轮马达gear oil pump hs 齿轮油泵高速gear oil pump ls 齿轮油泵低速gear pair with parallel axes 平行轴齿轮副gear pair 齿轮副gear pump 齿轮泵gear train齿轮系gear water pump 齿轮水泵gear wheel齿轮gear 齿轮gears with addendum modification 变位齿轮gears 齿轮geiger counter盖格计数器gel-coated胶衣generating 发电generator fan external 发电机外部风扇generator fan internal 发电机内部风扇generator voltage 发电机电压generator 发电机geometric chord of airfoil 几何弦长geometrical position 几何位置gimbals 平衡环，平衡架gimlet手钻；螺丝锥girder bridgegirder 梁，钢桁的支架girth weld环形焊缝gland腺，密封管glass cutter玻璃刀glaze釉料，釉面，光滑面，上釉，上光globe valve球形阀gloss paint光滑涂料glossy 平滑的，有光泽的gloss注释；注解；评注，光泽的表面，光彩，欺人的表面，假象，glove手套glue胶，胶水，胶合，粘贴，粘合goggle 眼睛睁视，(复数)风镜，护目镜goggles 护目镜gold leaf金叶goons细打包麻布gouge弧口凿，半圆凿gouging 刨削槽governor 调节器；控制器grab 抢夺，攫取，夺取grader 分类机，分级机grading ring 均压环grain 颗粒，晶粒，粒度；纹理graph 图表，曲线图gravity casting machines 重力铸造机grazing angle 掠射角grease gun注油枪；滑脂枪grease nipple油管grease油膏；润滑油greenhouse effect 温室效应grid 电网grind off 磨掉grinder bench 磨床工作台grinder 磨床grinders，thread 螺纹磨床grinders，tools & cutters 工具磨床grinders，ultrasonic 超声波打磨机grinding disk 磨擦盘grinding machines 磨床grinding machines，centerless 无心磨床grinding machines，cylindrical 外圆磨床grinding machines，universal 万能磨床grinding machine磨床grinding tools 磨削工具grinding wheel 砂轮grinding wheels 磨轮grinding磨的，磨擦的，碾的groove凹槽，惯例，最佳状态grounding conductor 接地导体grout 薄泥浆，水泥浆grouting 灌浆grouting给…灌灰浆，给…涂薄胶泥grub screw自攻螺丝guide bars导向棍guide block导向块guide ring导向绳guide wire 尺度[定距]索，准绳guiding shaft导向轴guillotine闸刀，处斩刑，切(纸) gumming树胶分泌gusset plate角撑板，加固板gust influence 阵风影响gust 阵风guy clip 线卡子guyed tower 拉索式塔架gyroscope 陀螺仪，回旋装置，回转仪，纵舵调整器Hhacksaw可锯金属的弓形锯，钢锯hail 冰雹hairspring细弹簧，游丝half duplex transmission 半双工传输half shaft半轴half-round file半圆锉halfway中途的，部分的，不彻底的，半路地，在中途，在半途hand tools 手工具handling 处理(技术，方法)hanger 吊架hanger吊架hanging顶端对齐，悬挂hard hat 安全帽hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组hardener 固化剂，硬化剂harder硬的，坚固的，(问题，工作等)困难的，艰苦的，猛烈的，确实的hardware platform 硬件平台hardware 硬件harmonic 谐波的harmonics 谐波harness导线，装备；利用harrow 耙hatch，舱口，舱口盖，开口，孵，孵出，策划，图谋hatchet 短柄斧hazard 冒险(性)；相关危险；事故，故障head screw 主轴螺杆headstock主轴箱heat preserving furnaces 保温炉heater 加热器heating appliance 电热器heating boxes加热室heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉helical gear; single-helical gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical gearing 螺旋齿helix 螺旋，螺旋状物hemp 大麻，纤维hereafter 今后，从此以后Herringbone gear 人字（齿）轮，双螺旋齿轮hexagon screw die 六角板牙，六角螺丝钢板hexagon spanner六方hexagonal nut六角螺母high frequency generator 高频发电机high voltage高压high-gain 高增益high-performance 高性能的hightensile 高强度high-tension cable高压电缆hissing发嘶嘶声，蔑视hob滚刀，铁架hoe 锄头，用锄耕地，锄hoist升起；吊起；推起，起重机，(台、架等)支持物，固定器hollow空的，中空的honing machines 搪磨机hook bolt吊耳hook spanner 钩，弯脚扳手hook 挂钩hook's joint 钩结合，钩（连）接hopper 单足跳者horizontal axis wind turbine 水平轴风力机horizontal line 水平线horizontal地平线的，水平的horsepower 马力horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet马蹄形磁铁hose clip管夹hose 软管，胶皮管，蛇管hot-dip热沾hottest 热的，热烈的housing住房，房屋，护盖，框架hovercraft 水翼船hub height 轮毂高度hub rigidity轮毂刚度hub 轮毂hubcap 轮毂罩hull外壳，船体humidity湿气，潮湿，湿度hydraulic block液压块hydraulic braking system 液压制动系统hydraulic components 液压元件hydraulic cylinder 液压缸hydraulic filter 液压过滤器hydraulic fluid 液压油hydraulic motor 液压马达hydraulic power tools 液压工具hydraulic power units 液压动力元件hydraulic pump 液压泵hydraulic ram液压活塞hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸hydraulic system 液压系统hydraulic水压的；液压的hydropower station 水电站hydrostatic pressure test静水压试验hydrostatic test 流体静力学试验，水压试验hygrographs 自动湿度记录计hygrometer湿度计hysteresis 滞后作用，[物]磁滞现象Iice sensor 结冰传感器ideal source 理想电源identification mark 识别标志idler pulley惰轮，空转轮，导轮idling(for wind turbines) 空转（风力机）imaginary part 虚部impedance voltage 阻抗电压impedance 阻抗impedance 阻抗impeller 推进者，叶轮imperfection 缺陷impinge 撞击，冲击imprint 印记imprison监禁，关押impulse load tests 冲击动荷试验impulse推动，刺激，冲动，推动力，脉冲impurity杂质，混杂物，不洁，不纯incident 入射的inclusion 杂质incremental encoder 增量式编码器incremental outputs 增量式输出indoor climate 室内气候induced current 感生电流inductance 电感induction coil电感线圈induction generator 感应电机induction generator 感应发电机induction machine 感应电机induction machine 感应电机induction machine 感应式电机induction motor 感应电动机inductive component 感性（无功）分量inductive 诱导的，感应的inductor 电感器inertia switch惯性开关inertial sub range 湍流惯性负区infinite voltage gain 无穷大电压增益inflammable易燃的，易怒的influence by the tower shadow 塔影响效应influence by the wind shear 风切变影响information 信息ingot 条，块，锭initial 最初的，词首的，初始的initialize 初始化initials 缩写injector 注射器injure 损害，伤害inlet valve入口阀inlet 进口，入口inner 内部的，里面的，内心的，内部inoperative不起作用的；无效的input 输入input power 输入功率input shaft 输入轴inrush current 涌流inspection earthing 检修接地inspection 审查，检查instance 例图；事[实，范]例，样品，实例，建议，要求，情况，场合instantaneous electric power 瞬时电功率instantaneous measured 瞬时侧值instantaneous mechanical power 瞬时机械功率instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous value 瞬时值instantaneous瞬间的，即刻的，即时的，瞬时，立即instrument air仪表气源instrument rack 计测器支架instrument rack 计测器支架，计测器框架insufficient不充足的，不适合的，不能胜任的insulant 绝缘物insulated sleeve绝缘套管insulating boots 绝缘靴insulating bushing 绝缘套管insulating glove 绝缘手套insulation level 绝缘比insulation resistance 绝缘电阻insulation 绝缘insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘子integrated coupling 固定联接integrated，total integrated value 累计值integration 积分下限intensifying screen 增光屏，光增强屏interconnection(for wtgs) 互连（风力发电机组）interface 接口。
电厂常用术语中英文对照
电力术语中英文对照目录一、集控运行常用设备和术语缩写 (2)（一）锅炉部分 (2)（二）汽机部分 (4)（三）DEH部分 (5)（四）电气部分 (6)（五）系统分类 (6)（六）阀门 (7)（七）其它 (8)二、电厂术语——锅炉部分 (10)三、电厂术语——汽轮机部分 (27)四、电厂术语——电气专业 (59)五、电厂术语——电厂化学 (88)六、电厂术语——仪表与控制 (107)七、电厂术语——燃料 (127)八、电厂术语——综合管理部分 (137)九、电厂术语——脱硫 (167)一、集控运行常用设备和术语缩写（一）锅炉部分1、通用及煤粉炉FDF (forced draft fan)——送风机IDF (induced draft fan)——引风机PAF (primary air fan)——一次风机SAF (seal air fan)——密封风机DETF (flame detector fan)——火检风机APH (air preheater)——空气预热器DRUM (drum)——汽包ECON (economizer)——省煤器SH (superheater)——过热器CSH (ceiling superheater)——顶棚过热器PSH (platen superheater)——屏式过热器RSH (radiation superheater)——辐射过热器LSH (low temperature superheater)——低温过热器HSH (high temperature superheater)——高温过热器RH (reheater) ——再热器LRH (low temperature reheater)——低温再热器HRH (high temperature reheater)——高温再热器PRH (platen temperature reheater)——屏式再热器CB (coal bin)——煤仓SCB(side coal bin)——侧煤仓MILL (mill)——磨煤机FEED (coal feeder)——给煤机PCC (pulverized-coal collector)——细粉分离器MILLS (mill separator)——粗粉分离器PEF (powder exhaust fan)——排粉风机PCF(pulverized coal feeder)——给粉机HPA (heat primary air )——热一次风CPA (cold primary air )——冷一次风SECA (secondary air)——二次风TA (tertiary air)——三次风SA (seal air)——密封风AR (air register)——风门OILP (oil pistol)——油枪IGNT (ignition) ——点火枪FULP (fuel pump)——燃油泵FLTK (flash tank)——扩容器FURN(furnace) ——煤粉炉炉膛2、流化床锅炉HPCB（high-pressure centrifugal blower）——高压流化风机CFBB（Circulating Fluidized-bed Boiler）——循环流化床炉膛CYCS（cyclone separator）——旋风分离器UBF(U-type back-feeder) ——U形返料器ASHC(ash cooler) ——冷渣器3、余热锅炉CVB(convection bank) ——对流管束SWS(steam/water separator) ——汽水分离器WJP（Water jet pump）——射水泵WH(water heater) ——热水器EVP(evaporator) ——蒸发器OEJ（oil ejector）——注油器OFT（oil filter）——滤油器OCL（oil cooler）——冷油器窑头余热锅炉 AQCB(此处AQC指air quenching cooler，为篦冷机，不是窑头的意思，但行业习惯称窑头余热炉为AQC炉)窑尾余热锅炉SPB(此处SP指suspension preheater，为悬浮预热器，不是窑尾的意思，但行业习惯称窑尾余热炉为SP炉)（二）汽机部分HP (high pressure cylinder) ——高压缸IP (intermediate pressure cylinder) ——中压缸LP (low pressure cylinder) ——低压缸DEA (deaerator) ——除氧器COND (condenser) ——凝汽器HPH (high pressure heater) ——高压加热器LPH (low pressure heater) ——低压加热器SSH (shaft seal heater) ——轴封加热器MFP (motor-driven feed pump) ——电动给水泵SFP (steam feed pump) ——汽动给水泵VACP (vacuum pump) ——真空泵CEP (Condensate extraction pump) ——凝结水泵DRNP (drain pump) ——疏水泵CIRP (circulating pump) ——循环泵LIFTP (lift pump) ——顶轴油泵LUBOP (lubricating oil pump) ——润滑油泵DCOP——直流润滑油泵ACOP——交流润滑油泵HPOP——高压启动油泵MAINOP——主油泵EHP——EH油泵OTANK (oil tank) ——油箱WTANK (water tank) ——水箱HEADER——联箱SSF (shaft seal fan) ——轴封风机IFF (induced-fume fan) ——排烟风机AIRCMP(air compressing engine) ——空气压缩机（三）DEH部分TV——高压缸主汽门GV——高压缸调节门RV——中压缸主汽门IV——中压缸调节门LV——低压缸调节门（四）电气部分GEN (generator) ——发电机XFORM (transformer) ——变压器BUS (bus bar) ——母线BRK (circuit breaker) ——断路器SWITCH (isolating switch) ——隔离开关EXCT (exciter) ——励磁机PEXCT (pilot exciter) ——副励磁机（五）系统分类feed water system ——给水系统water-steam system ——汽水系统desuperheater system ——减温水系统combustion system ——燃烧系统extraction steam system ——抽汽系统heat supply system ——热网系统lubricating oil system——润滑油系统fuel oil system——燃油系统soot blower system——吹灰系统ignition system——点火系统powder manufacturing system——制粉系统drain system——疏水系统wind-fume system——风烟系统blowdown system——排污系统condensate system——凝结水系统deaerator system——除氧器系统turbine body——汽轮机本体by-pass system——旁路系统cooling water system——冷却水系统circulation water system——循环水系统vacuum system——真空系统（六）阀门shutoff valve——截止阀check valve——单向阀motorized valve——电动阀magnetic valve——电磁阀pneumatic positioner valve——气动阀flapper valve——挡板阀steam converter valve——减温减压阀fast valve——快关阀blow down valve——吹扫阀blow down valve——排污阀（七）其它CCS(coordinated control system) ——协调控制系统SIS(supervision & information system) ——监控信息系统MIS(management information system) ——管理信息系统BF(MODE)(borler follow mode) ——锅炉跟随方式TF(MODE)(turbine follow mode) ——汽轮机跟随方式CCS(MODE)(coordinated control mode) ——协调控制方式Manual Mode——手动方式BASE MODE——基本（手动）方式ULD(unit load demand) ——机组负荷指令ADS(automatic dispatch system) ——自动调度系统UM(unit master) ——单元机组主控制器BM&TM(boiler master & turbine master) ——锅炉主控制器和汽轮机主控制器BCS(boiler control system) ——锅炉控制系统TCS(turbine control system) ——汽轮机控制系统RB(run back) ——负荷返回RD(run down) ——强迫降负荷（迫降负荷）RU(run up) ——强迫升负荷（迫升负荷）FCB(fast cut back) ——快速减负荷AGC(automatic generation control) ——自动发电控制MFT(master fuel trip) ——主燃料跳闸CP MODE(constan pressure mode) ——定压方式VP MODE(variable pressure mode) ——滑压方式MCR(maximum continuous rating) ——最大连续出力ECR(economic continuous rating)——经济连续出力B-MCR(boiler maximum continuous rating) ——锅炉最大连续出力T-MCR(turbine maximum continuous rating) ——汽轮机最大连续出力MCS(modulating control system) ——模拟量控制系统FSSS(furnace safeguard supervisory system) ——炉膛安全监控系统BMS(burner management system) ——燃烧器管理系统SCS(sequential control system) ——顺序控制系统ECS(electric control system) ——电气控制系统DEH(digital electric-hydraulic control system) ——数字电液控制系统OPC(over speed control) ——超速控制AST(autostop trip) ——自动停机遮断ETS(emergence trip systems) ——危急遮断系统ATC(automatic turbine control) ——自动汽轮机程序控制TSI(turbine supervisory instrumentation) ——汽轮机监视系统PLC(programmable logic controller) ——可编程逻辑控制器SCR（selective catalytic reduction）——选择性催化还原法二、电厂术语——锅炉部分1．临界压力锅炉 supercritical pressure boiler2. 亚临界压力锅炉 subcritical pressure boiler3. 超高压锅炉 super-high pressure boiler4. 蒸汽锅炉 steam boiler5. 蒸汽发生器 steam generator6. 液态排渣锅炉 wet bottom boiler7. 固态排渣锅炉 dry bottom boiler8. 燃煤锅炉 coal-fired boiler9. 燃气锅炉 Gas-fired boiler10.燃油锅炉 oil-fired boiler11.自然循环锅炉 natural circulation boiler12.汽包（锅筒）锅炉 drum boiler13.强制循环锅炉 controlled circulation boiler14.直流锅炉 once-through boiler15.复合循环锅炉 combined circulation boiler16.旋风炉 cyclone furnace boiler17.沸腾炉 fluidized bed combustion(FBC)boiler18.循环硫化床circulating fluidized bed combustion(FBC)boiler19.增压循环硫化床锅炉 pressurized circulating fluidized bed combustion(PCFBC) boiler20.链条锅炉 chain-grate boiler21.热水锅炉 hot-water boiler22.废热（余热）锅炉 water-heat boiler, heat recover steam generator(HRSG)23.启动锅炉 start-up boiler24.厂用锅炉 auxiliary boiler25.垃圾焚烧锅炉 refuse-fired boiler, refuse incinerator27.露天锅炉 outdoor boiler28.单炉膛锅炉 single furnace boiler29.双炉膛锅炉 twin furnace boiler30.W火焰锅炉 W-flame boiler, vertical-fired boiler31.L火焰锅炉 L-shape furnace boiler32.塔式锅炉 tower boiler33.箱式锅炉 box-type boiler34．炉墙 furnace wall35. 汽包（锅筒） drum36.封头 head37.汽包封头 drum end plate, drum head38.下降管 downcomer39.集中下降管 centralized downcomer40.分散下降管 distributed downcomer41.上升管 riser42.管束（排） tube bundle43.管屏 tube platen44.省煤器管 economizer tube45.过热器管 superheated tube46.再热器管 reheater tube47.蛇形管 coil48.吊挂管 supporting tube49.引入管 inlet pipe50.引出管 outlet pipe51.饱和蒸汽管 saturated steam pipe52.水冷壁管 water wall tube53.鳍片管 finned tube, fin tube, gilled tube54.内螺纹管 rifled tube, grooved tube55.吸潮管 moisture absorption piping56.水冷壁 water wall57.膜式水冷壁 membrane wall58.内螺纹水冷壁 rifled tube water wall59.联箱 header60.集汽联箱 steam header61.卫燃带 bailey wall, refractory belt62包墙管（包覆管） wall enclosure tube63.防渣管（弗斯顿管） slag screen, feston tube64.锅炉本体 boiler proper65.锅炉机组 boiler unit66.锅炉构架 boiler structure67.炉膛 boiler framework68.燃烧器 furnace69.直流式燃烧器 direct-flow burner70.旋流式燃烧器 turbulent burner71.低NOX燃烧器 low NOX burner72.摇摆式燃烧器 tilting burner73.缝隙式燃烧器 split burner74.燃烧室 combustion chamber75.油枪 oil gun torch76.风门 damper77.一次风 primary air78.二次风 secondary air79.三次风 tertiary air80.煤粉管道 pulverized coal piping81.管板 tube plate82.沸点 boiling temperature83.过热器 superheater84.前屏过热器 front platen superheater85.后屏过热器 rear plate superheater86.对流过热器 convection superheater87.辐射过热器 radiant superheater88.屏式过热器 plate superheater89.顶棚过热器 ceiling superheater90.包墙过热器 wall enclosure superheater91.前包墙过热器 front wall enclosure superheater92.后包墙过热器 rear wall enclosure superheater93.侧包墙过热器 side wall enclosure superheater94.吹灰器 soot blower95.转动式吹灰器 rotary soot bolwer96.伸缩式吹灰器 retractable soot blower97.受热面积 heating surface area, heat absorption area98.炉膛容积 furnace volume99.炉膛热负荷furnace heat release rate, furnace heating absorption rate100.汽水分离器 steam separator, moisture separator101.起动分离器 starting separator102.再循环管 recirculating piping103.暖风器 steam air heater104.再热器 reheater105.再热器冷段 primary reheater106.再热器热段 final reheater107.顶棚 ceiling108.省煤器 economizer109.管式省煤器 tube economizer110.管式空气预热器 tubular air preheater111.回转式（再生式）空气预热器 regenerative air preheater, rotary air preheater112.板式空气预热器 plate air preheater113.空气预热器 air preheater114.三分仓空气预热器 trisector regenerative air preheater 115.漏风系数 air leakage coefficient116.漏风率 air leakage ratio117.漏风系统 air leakage system118.漏风试验 air leakage test119.安全门 safety valve120.安全门开启压力 opening pressure of safety valve121.安全门回座压力 safety valve reseating pressure122.安全门压力整定试验 pressure setting test of safety valve 123.安全门动作压力 safety valve operating pressure124.饱和蒸汽安全门 saturated steam safety valve 125. 过热蒸汽安全门 superheated steam safety valve 126.再热蒸汽安全门 reheated steam safety valve 127.防暴门 explosion vent128.检查孔 inspection hole129.事故喷水阀 emergency water spray valve130.汽包事故放水阀 emergency drum drain valve131.三通阀 three-way valve132.反冲洗阀 back wash valve133.取样阀 sampling valve134.插板 gate135.给水大旁路门 feedwater overall bypass valve 136.给水小旁路门 feedwater individual bypass valve 137.大板梁 plate girder, upper beam138.外护板 outer casing139.锅炉排污 blowdown140.定期排污扩容器 intermittent blowdown flash tank 141.连续排污扩容器 continuous blowdown flash tank 142.灰斗 ash hopper143.冷灰斗 bottom ash hopper, furnace hopper144.混合器 mixer145.齿圈（大牙轮） ring gear, geared ring146.空调器 air conditioner147.空气压缩机 air compressor148.给煤机 coal feeder149.皮带式给煤机 belt coal feeder150.刮板式给煤机 scraper coal feeder151.叶轮式给煤机 paddle coal feeder152.给粉机 pulverizer coal feeder153.磨煤机 coal pulverizer, coal mill154.钢球磨煤机 tube mill155.中速辊式磨煤机 roller mill, bowl mill, disk roll mill 156.双进双出钢求磨煤机 double inlet and outlet tube mill 157.中速磨煤机 medium speed mill158.风扇磨煤机 beater wheel mill, beater mill159.排粉风机 pulverized coal exhauster160.一次风机 primary air fan161. 烟气再循环风机 gas recirculation fan162.送风机 forced draft fan, force fan163.引风机 induced draft fan, induced fan164.离心风机 centrifugal fan165.轴流风机 axial-flow fan166.双速风机 double speed fan167.轴流静叶可调风机 adjustable static-blade axial-flow fanfixed pitch axial-flow fan168.轴流动叶可调风机 adjustable moving-blade axial-flow fan variable pitch axial-flow fan169.原煤斗 raw coal bunker, raw coal silo170.煤粉仓 pulverized coal bunker171.输粉机 pulverized coal conveyer172.刮板输粉机 scraper pulverized coal conveyer173.螺旋输粉机 pulverized coal screw conveyer174.粗粉分离器 classifier175.细粉分离器（旋风分离器） cyclone separator176.锁气器 air lock, flap177.减速机 speed reduce178.看火孔 observation hole179.人孔门 man hole180.重油泵 heavy oil pump181.重油加热器 heavy oil heater182.汽-汽热交换器 biflux183.煤气罐 gas tank184.膨胀补偿节 expansion joint185.直吹式制粉系统 direct firing pulverizing system186.中贮式制粉系统 bin storage type pulverizing system 187.锅炉效率 boiler efficiency188.锅炉热力计算 boiler thermodynamic calculation189.锅炉空气动力计算 boiler aerodynamic calculation 190.锅炉水循环计算 boiler water circulation calculation 191.锅炉水力计算 boiler hydrodynamic calculation192.锅炉强度计算 boiler strength calculation193.锅炉热平衡 boiler heat balance calculation194.正平衡法 direct balance method195.反平衡法 indirect balance method196.过剩空气系数 excess air coefficient197.排烟温度 flue gas temperature198.单位蒸量 specific evaporation199.低温腐蚀 low temperature corrosion200.高温腐蚀 high temperature corrosion201.结渣 lagging202.结垢腐蚀 deposit corrosion203.飞灰磨损 fly ash erosion204炉膛负压 furnace draft205.最高允许温度 maximum permissible temperature206.炉膛正压 furnace pressure207.水循环 water circulation208.循环倍率 circulation ratio209.除尘器 dust collector, precipitator210.静电除尘器 electrostatic precipitator 211.整流装置 rectifying device212.锤打装置 rapping gear213.含尘浓度 dust loading concentration 214.煤灰细度 dust fineness215.除尘效率 dust collection efficiency 216.干式除尘器 dry dust collector217.湿式除尘器 wet dust collector, scrubber 218.文丘里除尘器 venture scrubber219.布袋除尘器 fabric filter, bag house 220.钢珠除尘装置 shot-cleaning device221.水膜式除尘器 centrifugal scrubber222.灰渣泵 ash pump, slag pump223.轴封泵 shaft sealing pump224.灰浆泵 ash slurry pump225.除尘水泵 dedusting pump226.回收水池 water recovery pond227.清水池 clean water pond228.灰浆池 ash slurry pond229.油泵坑 oil pump pit230.灰库 ash silo231.灰场 ash yard232.灰坝 ash yard dam233.耐火砖 firebrick234.保温材料 heat-insulating material235.干式除灰（气力除灰） pneumatic pressure ash handling 236.水力除灰 hydraulic ash handling237.正压气力除灰 pneumatic pressure ash handling238.负压气力除灰 pneumatic pressure ash handling239.仓式泵 fluidizing transporter240.空气斜槽 airslide, air gravity conveyor241.灰渣分除 bottom and fly ash separate handling242.灰渣混除 bottom and fly ash mixed handling243.灰渣利用 bottom and fly ash recovery244.排渣槽 bottom ash hopper245.埋刮板捞渣机 submerged slag conveyor246.螺旋式捞渣机 screw slag conveyor247.碎渣机 clinker grinder, slag crusher248.振动筛 vibrating screen249.稳燃器 flame stabiliaer250.燃烧器蜗壳 burner spiral case251.雾化器 atomization252.机械雾化 mechanical atomization253.蒸汽雾化 steam atomization254.空气雾化 air atomization255.气固两相流动 gas-solid two-phase flow256.闭路循环 closed cycle257.蒸汽带水 carryoery258.炉膛灭火 boiler flame failure, boiler flame blackout 259.稳定燃烧 stable combustion260.压力容器 pressure vessel261.支吊架 supports and hangers262.原煤管道 raw coal piping263.风道 air duct264.热风道 hot air duct265.冷风道 cold air duct266.穿墙套管 wall-through bushing, wall-bushing267.伸缩节 expansion joint268.送粉管道 pulverized coal feed piping269.燃油管道 fuel oil piping270.风管道 air piping271.一次风管道 primary air piping272.二次风管道 secondary air piping273.落粉管 pulverized coal chute274.除灰管道 ash piping275.烟道 gas dust, gas pass276.尾部烟道 convection flue gas pass277.煤气管 gas piping278.连续排污管 continuous blowdown piping279.烟囱 chimney, stack280.多管式烟囱 multi-flue chimney281.燃烧 combustion282.四角喷射燃烧 corner firing283.燃烧速度 combustion rate284.机械未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to mechanical incomplete combustion285化学未完全燃烧热损失 heat loss due to chemical incomplete combustion286.灰渣热损失 heat loss due to sensible heat in refuse 287.排烟热损失 heat loss due to flue gas288.散热损失 heat loss due to radiation289.热损失 heat loss290.火焰 flame291.不稳定燃烧 instable combustion292.负压燃烧 balance draft combustion293.微负压燃烧 pressurized combustion294.炉膛容积热负荷 furnace volume heat release rate295.炉膛温度 furnace temperature296.锅炉水循环 boiler water circulation297.偏离泡核沸腾 departure from nucleate boiling(DNB)298.水压试验 hydraulic test299.汽水共沸 priming300.点火 ignition301.点火准备 ignition preparation302.着火点 firing point, ignition temperature303.折焰角 nose304.飞灰 fly ash305.煤粉细度 fineness of pulverized coal306.灰 ash307.灰的熔化点 ash fushion temperature, ash fushion point, ash melting point308.可磨系数 grindability index309.最大蒸发量 maximum evaporation310.锅炉热平衡 boiler heat balance311.超负荷运行 overload operation312.正压 positive pressure313.负压 negative pressure314.理论空气量 theoretical air quantity315.过剩空气量 excess air quantity316.冷风 cold air317.热风 hot air318.除渣 slag removal319.烟气 flue gas320.锅炉上水 boiler water filling321.蠕胀爆管 tube burst due to creep322.汽包满水 overfeed of water into drum323.锅炉灭火 boiler fire extinction324.爆燃 puff325.爆炸（外爆） explosion326.内爆 implosion327.防爆 anti-explosion328.煤粉自燃 pulverized coal self-ignition, pulverized coal spontaneous combustion329.堵灰 ash fouling330.堵煤 coal jamming, coal plugging331.燃烧切圆 firing tangential circle332.火焰中心 flame center333.积粉 pulverized coal deposits334.粉灰 ash deposits335.飞灰可燃物 combustibles in fly ash336.点火用油 fuel oil for ignition337.飞灰腐蚀 fly ash corrosion338.受热面 heating surface339.辐射受热面 radiation heating surface340.对流受热面 convection heating surface341.尾部受热面 rear heat recovery surface342.含氧量 oxygen content343.蒸发量 evaporation, evaporative capacity344.切换风 air switch-over345.煤耗率 coal consumption rate346.入炉煤发热量 heating value of the as fired coal 347.停炉 boiler shutdown348.熄火 fire-off349.灰水回收 recovery of ash slurry water350.细灰 fine ash351.粗灰 coarse ash352.干灰 dry ash353.湿灰 wet ash354.燃烧系数 combustion system, firing system355.制粉系统 coal pulverizing system356.除灰系统 ash handling system三、电厂术语——汽轮机部分357.汽轮机 steam turbine358.凝汽式汽轮机 condensing steam turbine359.背压式汽轮机 back pressure turbine360.抽汽式汽轮机 steam extraction turbine361.中间再热式汽轮机 reheating type steam turbine362.供热式汽轮机 steam supply turbine, heat supply turbine, cogeneration turbine363.冲动式汽轮机 impulse turbine364.反动式汽轮机 reaction turbine365.轴流式汽轮机 axial flow turbine366.辐流式汽轮机 radial flow turbine367.单轴汽轮机 tandem compound turbine, single-shaft turbine 368.双轴汽轮机 double-shaft turbine, cross compound turbine 369.前置式汽轮机 topping turbine370.燃气轮机 gas turbine371.高压汽轮机 high pressure turbine372.中压汽轮机 medium pressure turbine373.低压汽轮机 low pressure turbine374.超高压汽轮机 ultra pressure turbine375.亚临界压力汽轮机 subcritical pressure turbine376.超临界压力汽轮机 supercritical pressure turbine377.空冷式汽轮机组 air cooled turbine unit378.燃气轮机组（装置） gas turbine unit379.高压汽缸 high-pressure(HP) cylinder380.中压汽缸 intermediate-pressure(IP) cylinder381.低压汽缸 low-pressure(LP) cylinder382.内汽缸 inner casing383.外汽缸 outer casing384.上汽缸 upper casing385.下汽缸 lower casing386.汽缸法兰螺栓加热装置 cylinder flange heating appliance 387.汽缸台板（底板） cylinder sole pin388.汽缸猫爪 cylinder claw389.滑销 sliding pin390.横销 traverse pin391.纵销 longitudinal pin392.立销 vertical pin393.定位销 aligning pin, locating pin394.汽轮机转子 turbine rotor395.叶轮 blade disc396.叶片 blade, bucket397.动叶片 moving blade398.静叶片 stationary blade399.叶根型式 type of blade root400.末级叶片长度 length of last stage blade 401.喷嘴室 nozzle box402.末级叶片强度 last stage blade stress403.排汽室 steam exhaust hood404.喷嘴 nozzle405.围带 shroud ring406.拉筋（拉金） lacing wire407.平衡块 balance weight408.固定螺钉 dowel409.隔板 diaphragm410.隔板套 diaphragm sleeve411.隔板汽封 diaphragm seal, diaphragm sealing 412.汽封 steam seal gland, steam sealing413.迷宫式汽封 labyrinth seal414.梳齿式汽封 serrate-type steam seal415.汽封套 seal bushing416.汽封块 seal block417.汽封齿 seal tooth418.轴承支架 bearing stoll, bearing bracket419.主轴承箱 main bearing box420.滚珠轴承 ball bearing421.滚柱轴承 roller bearing422.滑动轴承 sliding bearing423.推力轴承 thrust bearing424.止推环 thrust collar425.瓦枕 bearing pillow426.锁饼 lock427.推力瓦块 thrust bearing pad428.主油泵 main oil pump429.备用油泵 emergency bearing oil pump430.调速油泵 regulation oil pump, speed governing oil pump 431.交流润滑油泵 AC lube oil pump432.直流润滑油泵 DC lube oil pump433.注油器 oil injector434.同步器 synchronizer435.同步器手轮 synchronizer hand wheel436.控制滑阀 pilot valve437.随动滑阀 servo-valve438.分配滑阀 distributing pilot valve, distributor valve 439.中间滑阀 intermediate valve440.微分器 differentiator441.功率限制器 load limiter442.动态校正器 dynamic corrector443.滑阀套 valve sleeve444.喷油嘴 oil nozzle445.弹性调速器 flexible governor446.调速器挡块 governor stop447.危急遮断器滑阀 emergency trip pilot valve448.撞击子 ram449.防火滑阀 fire protection pilot valve450.延滞滑阀 delay pilot valve451.跟踪滑阀 follow-up pilot valve452.电-液转换器electro-hydraulic converter, electro-hydraulic transducer453.切换滑阀 change-over pilot valve454.危急保安器 emergency governor455.危急保安器滑阀 emergency governor pilot valve456.超速试验滑阀 overspeed test pilot valve457.喷油试验滑阀 nozzle test pilot valve458.反馈滑阀 feedback pilot valve459.起动排油阀 oil drain valve at star-up460.紧急放油阀 emergency oil relieve valve461.排油口 oil diacharge outlet462.节流滑阀 throttle pilot valve463.滑动油阀 movable pilot valve464.高压自动关闭器 high-pressure automatic closing gear 465.中压自动关闭器 medium pressure automatic closing gear 466.高压油动机（高压伺服马达）high-pressure hydraulic actuator, high-pressure servo-motor467.中压油动机medium-pressure hydraulic actuator, medium-pressure servo-motor468.杠杆 lever469.轴 shaft470.主轴 main shaft471.传动轴(主动轴) driven shaft472.被动轴（从动轴） driven shaft473.小轴 axle474.联轴器 coupling475.刚性联轴器 rigid coupling476.半挠性联轴器 semi-flexible coupling477.齿型联轴器 serrated coupling478.冷油器 oil cooler479.溢油器 oil overflow valve480.排油烟机 oil-fume extractor, oil fume exhaust 481.油烟分离器 oil-fume separator482.油净化器 oil purifier, oil conditioner483.过滤罐 filtering tank484.布袋式过滤器 bag filter, fabric filter485.齿轮油泵 gear oil pump486.顶轴油泵 jacking oil pump487.柱塞式油泵 piston type oil pump488.螺杆式油泵 worm type oil pump489.盘车装置 turning gear490.盘车手轮 turning gear hand wheel491.化桩板 lagging enclosure492.齿轮 gear493.直齿式齿轮 spur gear494.斜齿式齿轮 helical gear495.伞型齿轮 bevel gear496.蜗轮 worm wheel497.蜗杆 worm stem498.弹簧 spring499.密封油箱 sealing oil tank500.空气侧交流密封油泵 air side AC sealing oil pump 501.空气侧支流密封油泵 air side DC sealing oil pump 502.压差阀 differential pressure valve503.平衡阀 balancing valve504.密封瓦 sealing pad505.缓冲油箱 buffer oil tank506.高位油箱 head oil tank, elevated oil tank507.事故油箱 emergency oil tank508.磁性过滤器 magnetic filter509.发电机内冷水箱 generator inner cooling water tank 510.发电机内冷水泵 generator inner cooling water pump 511.离子交换器 ion exchanger512.干燥器 dryer, drier513.冷凝式干燥器 condensing type drier514.凝汽器 condenser515.多压式凝汽器 multi-pressure condenser516.单流程凝汽器 single-pass condenser517.双流程凝汽器 double-pass condenser518.黄铜管 brass tube519.管板 tube plate520.凝汽器喉部 condenser throat521.热水井 hot well522.凝结水泵 condensate pump523.泵壳 pump casing524.盘根 gland packing525.盘根压盖 gland top cover526.盘根端盖 gland end cover527.填料 packing528.轴封抽汽风机 shaft seal extraction fan529.轴封抽汽冷却器 shaft seal extraction cooler, gland cooler 530.轴封漏汽加热器 shaft seal leakage heater531.低压加热器 low-pressure feed water heater532.中压加热器 media-pressure feed water heater533.高压加热器 high-pressure feed water heater534.蒸汽冷却器 steam cooler535.疏水冷却器 drain water cooler536.汽侧 steam side537.水侧 water side538.U型管 U-tube539.除氧器 deaerator540.储水池 water storage pond541.卧式除氧器 horizontal type deaerator542.立式除氧器 vertical type deaerator543.喷雾式除氧器 atomizing type deaerator544.淋水盘 water spraying tray, sprinkling tray545.除氧水箱 deaerated water tank546.稳压水箱 surge water tank, stabilizing water tank547.除盐水箱 demineralized water tank548.除盐水泵 demineralized water pump549.汽动给水泵 steam-driven feed water pump550.电动调速给水泵 motor-driven variable speed feed water pump551.前置水泵 booster pump552.给水泵 feed water pump553.机械密封 mechanical seal554.碳精密封环 carbon seal ring, carbon packing ring555.动环 moving ring556.静环 static ring557.平衡盘 balancing disc558.液力偶合器 hydraulic coupler559.泵轮（主动轮） pump impeller, driving impeller560.涡轮（从动轮） whirling impeller, driven impeller561.勺管 scoop tube562.辅助油泵 auxiliary oil pump563.疏水泵 drain pump564.疏水扩容器 drain flash tank565.疏水箱 drain tank566.热网加热器 heater for heating network, heating network hot water heater567.生水加热器 raw water heater568.热网水泵 pump for heating network, heating network hot water pump569.生水泵 raw water pump570.除尘水泵 pump for scrubber, scrubber water pump571.壳体 case, shell572.水室 water chamber573.封头 end cover574.挡板 baffle plate575.导流板 guide plate576.射水泵 water jet pump577.真空泵 vaccum pump578.射水抽气器 water jet air ejector579.射汽抽气器 steam jet air ejector580.射水池 water jet pond581.排水池 drain water pond582.工业水泵 industrial water pump, service water pump 583.排污泵 blowdown pump584.轴流泵 axial flow pump585.清水泵 clean water pump586.污水泵 sewage pump587.排水泵 water discharge pump588.立式深井泵 vertical deep-well pump589.深井泵 deep-well pump590.潜水泵 submerged pump591.循环水泵 circulating water pump592.清污机 trash remover593.混流泵 mixed flow pump594.离心泵 centrifugal pump595.旋转滤网 rotating type screen, screw type strainer 596.胶球泵 rubber ball recirculating pump597.收球网 ball screen598.装球网 ball collector599.管式冷却器 tubular cooler, tube type cooler599/1.支撑斜钢 supporting wedge600.板式冷却器 plate type cooler601.冷却水池 cooling water pond602.喷水池 spraying water pond603.冷却水塔 cooling tower604.自然通风冷却塔 natural draft cooling tower605.逆流式冷却塔 reverse flow cooling tower606.横流式塔 transverse flow cooling tower607.机力通风冷却塔 mechanical draft cooling tower608.空气冷却塔 air cooling tower609.干式冷却塔 dry cooling tower610.分水槽 water diversion channel611.竖井 shaft, well612.闸板井 gate well613.闸门室 gate chamber, gate house614.挡风板 air baffle plate615.新（主）蒸汽管道 main steam piping, live steam piping 616.主蒸汽系统 main steam system617.再热蒸汽系统 reheat steam syetem618.抽汽系统 extraction steam system619.轴封供汽系统 shaft seal steam supply system620.轴封 shaft seal621.门杆漏汽系统 valve lever leakage steam system622.汽缸法兰螺栓加热系统casing flange and bolt heating system623.真空系统 vaccum system624.凝结水系统 condensate system625.再热蒸汽管道 reheat steam system626.给水系统 feed water system627.循环水系统 circulating water system628.工业水系统 industrial water system, service water system 629.供油系统 oil supply system630.密封油系统 seal oil system631.厂用蒸汽系统 auxiliary steam system632.调速系统 speed governing system633.电液调速系统 electro-hydraulic speed governing system 634.发电机内冷水系统 generator inner cooling water system 635.热网系统 heating network system636.导汽管 steam lead pipe637.连通管 inter-connecting pipe638.抽汽管道 steam extraction pipe639.抽汽母管 steam extraction header640.厂用蒸汽管道 plant service steam piping641.厂用蒸汽母管 plant service steam header642.蒸汽旁路系统 steam bypass system643.蒸汽大旁路 single stage steam bypass644.一级蒸汽旁路 first stage steam bypass645.二级蒸汽旁路 second stage steam bypass646.辅助蒸汽母管 auxiliary steam header647.供汽联箱 steam header648.回汽联箱 return steam header649.供水联箱 water supply header650.回水联箱 return water header651.门杆漏汽管道 valve lever steam leakage piping652.轴封漏汽管道 shaft seal leakage steam piping653.抽空气管道 air extraction piping654.压缩空气管道 compressed air piping655.氢气管道 hydrogen piping656.疏水管道 drain water piping657.凝结水管道 condensate piping658.循环水管道 circulating water piping659.工业水管道 industrial water piping, service water piping 660.冷却水管道 cooling water piping661.给水管道 feed water piping662.除盐水管道 demineralized water piping663.减温水管道 attemperating water piping664.再循环水管道 recirculating water piping665.排水管道 water discharge piping666.润滑油供油管道 lube oil supply piping667.润滑油管 lube oil piping668.调速油管 governing oil piping669.回油管道 return oil piping670.压力油管道 pressure oil piping671.密封油管道 seal oil piping672.脉动油管 pulsating oil piping673.热网水管道 heating network water piping674.平衡管 balance pipe675.电动主闸门 motor-operated main gate valve676.高压主汽门 high-pressure main stop valve677.中压主汽门 intermediate pressure main stop valve 678.旁路门 bypass valve679.防腐汽门 corrosion-proof valve680.高压调速汽门 high-pressure governor valve681.中压调速汽门 medium pressure governor valve 682.对空排汽门 atmospheric relief valve683.疏水门 drain valve684.调整门 adjusting valve685.电动门 motor-operated valve686.手动门 hand-operated valve687.减温器 attemperator, desuperheater688.减压器（阀） pressure reducer(valve)689.减温减压器 temperature and pressure reducer 690.抽汽电动门 motor-operated steam extraction valve 691.抽汽逆止门 extraction check valve692.高压排汽逆止门 high-pressure exhaust check valve。
单元机组运行课件
第三节
负荷控制方式
The Modes of Unit Load Control
•机炉主控制器的主要作用： 根据机组运行的条件及要求，选择合适的负荷控制方式，接受 负荷指令处理部分发出的实际负荷指令N0，以及机组的实发电功率 NE、和主蒸汽压力PT及其给定值P0信号，通过一定的运算回路，计 算出锅炉和汽机的主控制指令MB和MT，以实现相应的负荷控制方式， 从而完成负荷控制任务。
第十章 单元机组主控制系统 The Unit Master Control System
第一节 概 述 (Overview) 第二节 调节对象的动态特性 The Dynamic Characteristics of the Unit Load Object 第三节 负荷控制方式 The Modes of Unit Load Control 第四节 前馈控制的应用
The Application of Feedforward Control
第五节
滑压运行机组的协调控制方案
The Sliding Pressure Control of Unit Load 第六节 负荷指令处理
Processing the Load Instruction
第七节 单元机组主控系统实例
•机炉主控制器由两部分组成。 （1）锅炉主控制器：计算锅炉主控制指令MB的运算回路。 （2）汽轮机主控制器：计算汽轮机主控制指令MT的运算回路。
一、负荷控制方式
负荷控制方式可分为两类：机炉分别控制方式和机炉协调控制方式 1．机炉分别控制方式 （1）锅炉跟随（boiler follow，简写为BF）方式 锅炉跟随方式的基本工作原理是：由汽轮机调节机组的输出 电功率、锅炉调节汽压。
• 在动态过程中，当汽压偏差在死区非线性环节的不灵敏 区范围内时，即时，对MT 无影响，当时，将经非线性环节 限制MT ，从而限制汽轮机调门开度进一步变化，达到限制 汽压偏差的目的。 •不灵敏区的大小值粗略反映了机组运行时主汽压力偏差的允 许变化范围。 •实质上是以降低输出电功率响应性能作为代价来换取汽压控 制质量的提高 （2）以汽轮机跟随为基础的协调控制方式(TFCC)
单元机组主控制系统
思考：主控制系 统、机炉调节系 统、协调控制系 统的相互关系第十章单元机组主控制系统The Unit Master Control System 通过本章的学习要求理解主控制系统、机炉调节系统、协调控制系统概念及相互关系； 掌握主控系统调节对象的动态特性；掌握单元制机组负荷控制的几种基本方式；掌握前馈控 制的多种应用方案及工作原理；理解滑压运行机组的协调控制方案；能分析常见的协调控制 方案；掌握负荷指令处理部分的作用；掌握正常工况或异常工况下对负荷指令采取的处理措 施：掌握几个基本概念：负荷返回、负荷快速切段、负荷闭锁增/减、负荷迫升/迫降；看懂 一个较完整的单元机组主控制系统的实例。
本章重点：1、负荷控制的几种基本方式2、前馈控制的多种应用方案及工作原理3、负荷指令处理部分的作用4、负荷返回、负荷快速切段、负荷闭锁增/减、负荷迫升/迫降的概念本章难点：1、两种非线性环节的工作原理及作用2、分析常见的协调控制方案3、负荷闭锁增/减、负荷迫升/迫降两种措施的区别第一节概述Overview一、单元机组主控制系统的概念大型机组负荷控制的首要任务:保证机组出力适应电网的负荷变化要求、维持机组 稳定运行。
具体地说就是对外保证单元机组有较快的功率响应和有一定的调频能力，对 内保证主蒸汽压力偏差在允许范围内。
主控制系统(The unit master control system )作用：接受外部负荷要求指令，并发出使机炉调节系统协调动作的指挥信号，称其也称负 荷自动控制系统（the unit load control system )。
主控系统向机炉调节系统发出的指挥信号分别称为汽轮机主控制指令M t 和锅炉主 控制指令I 机、炉主控制指令齔M b 分别代表了汽轮机调门开度（或汽轮机功率）指 令和锅炉燃烧率（及相应的给水流量）指令。
二、主控系统与机、炉调节系统的关系主控制系统相省于机炉调节系统的指挥机构，起上位控制作用；机炉调节系统对于 主控制系统相省于伺服机构，起下位控制的作用，是主控制系统的基础，两者构成分层 控制的结构。
系统单元设备名称中英文对照表
系统单元设备名称中英文对照表四种常规无损检测方法：UT（Ultrasonic testing 超声波检测）RT（Radiographic testing射线检测）MT（Magnetic particle testing 磁粉检测）PT（Penetrate flaw testing渗透检测）Penetrate Testing无损检测挂证/射线探伤检测RT挂证企飞公司提供无损检测人员挂证，无损检测RT(射线检测)挂证，无损检测UT(超声波检测)挂证，无损检测MT(磁粉检测)挂证，无损检测PT(渗透检测)挂证，无损检测ET(涡流检测)挂证服务。
射线探伤是利用放射线（X射线、γ射线或其他高能射线）能够穿透金属材料，并由于材料对射线的吸收和散射作用的不同，从而使胶片感光不一样，于是在底片上形成黑度不同的影像，据此来判断材料内部缺陷情况的一种检验方法，简称RT。
X射线、γ射线均为不可见光，是一种具有较短波长的电磁波。
射线探伤适用于各类钢材、有色金属材料等，特别适用于检查焊缝的质量。
它具有发现缺陷直观、检查结果准确可靠、可将底片保留备查等优点。
但是，射线对人体有害，消耗胶片使探伤成本提高、对垂直于射线方向的裂纹发现较为困难等缺点。
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在无损检测服务上，本公司依托良好的质量技术监督局以及无损检测协会的渠道关系，提供专业流程化的无损检测挂证服务。
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(完整word版)单元机组主控系统(中英对照翻译)
单元机组主控系统Master Control System of Unit Plant单元机组主控系统一般设置有四种运行方式：即汽轮机手动控制，锅炉手动控制的基本方式(BASE方式)；以锅炉为基础的汽轮机跟随方式(TF方式)；以汽轮机为基础的锅炉跟随方式(BF方式)和汽轮机一锅炉综合功率控制的协调控制方式(CCS方式)。
四种运行方式之间的切换必须是平稳无扰动的。
操作员可根据机组的运行情况进行选择。
一般情况下，机组适宜在滑压控制方式和CCS方式下运行。
事故工况时，则通常选择在TF方式和定压方式下运行。
The master control system of the unit plant generally provides four modes of operation, including the base mode of steam turbine manual control and boiler manual control; the boiler-based turbine following mode (TF mode); the steam turbine-based boiler following mode (BF mode), and the Coordinated Control System (CCS) mode of steam turbine-boiler integrated power control. Switching amongst the four modes must be smooth without disturbance. The operator may make choices based on the unit running conditions. Under normal circumstances, the unit is suitable to operate in the sliding pressure control mode and the CCS mode. In accident conditions, it will usually run in the TF mod and the constant pressure mode.单元机组主控系统的前三种运行方式的根本区别在于对功率和主汽压力的控制处理上。
电厂DCS分散控制系统中英文对照
电厂DCS分散控制系统中英文对照DCS-----------------------------分散控制系统BTG-----------------------------常规模拟仪表RUNBACK-------------------------自动快速减负荷RUNRP---------------------------强增负荷RUNDOWN-------------------------强减负荷FCB-----------------------------快速甩负荷MFT-----------------------------锅炉主燃料跳闸TSI-----------------------------汽轮机监测系统ETS-----------------------------汽轮机紧急跳机系统TAS-----------------------------汽轮机自启动系统AGC-----------------------------自动发电控制ADS-----------------------------调度自动化系统CCS-----------------------------单元机组协调控制系统FSSS----------------------------锅炉炉膛安全监控系统BMS-----------------------------燃烧管理系统SCS-----------------------------顺序控制系统MCC-----------------------------调节控制系统DAS-----------------------------数椐采集系统DEH-----------------------------数字电液调节系统MEH-----------------------------给水泵汽轮机数字电液调节系统BPS-----------------------------旁路控制系统DIS-----------------------------数字显示站MCS-----------------------------管理指令系统BM------------------------------锅炉主控TM------------------------------汽轮机主控DEB-----------------------------协调控制原理ULD-----------------------------机组负荷指令ABTC----------------------------CCS的主控系统MLS-----------------------------手动负荷设定器BCS-----------------------------燃烧器控制系统PLC-----------------------------可编程控制器UAM-----------------------------自动管理系统MTBF----------------------------平均故障间隔时间MTTR----------------------------平均故障修复时间SPC-----------------------------定值控制系统OPC-----------------------------超数保护控制系统ATC-----------------------------自动汽轮机控制ETS-----------------------------汽轮机危急遮断系统AST-----------------------------自动危急遮断控制IMP------------------------------调节级压力VP------------------------------阀位指令FA------------------------------全周进汽PA------------------------------部分进汽LVDT----------------------------线性位移差动转换器UMS-----------------------------机组主控顺序TMS-----------------------------机主控顺序BMS-----------------------------炉主控顺序BFPT----------------------------给水泵汽轮机PID-----------------------------比例积分微分调节器BATCHDATA-----------------------批数椐节STEPSUBOUTINE-------------------步子程序节FUNCTIONSUBOUTINE—-------------功能子程序节MONITORSUBOUTINE----------------监视子程序节MCR-----------------------------最大连续出力ASP-----------------------------自动停导阀LOB-----------------------------润滑油压低LP------------------------------调速油压低LV------------------------------真空低OS------------------------------超速PU------------------------------发送器RP------------------------------转子位置TB------------------------------轴向位移DPU-----------------------------分散控制单元MIS-----------------------------自动化管理信息系统DEL-----------------------------数据换码符DTE-----------------------------数据终端设备DCE-----------------------------数据通信设备RTU-----------------------------远程终端TXD-----------------------------发送数据RXD-----------------------------接收数据RTS-----------------------------请求发送CTS-----------------------------结束发送DSR-----------------------------数据装置准备好DTR-----------------------------数据终端准备好WORKSTATION---------------------工作站DATAHIGHWAYS--------------------数据高速公路DATANETWORK---------------------数据网络OIS-----------------------------操作员站EWS-----------------------------工程师站MMI-----------------------------人机接口DHC-----------------------------数据高速公路控制器FP------------------------------功能处理器MFC-----------------------------多功能处理器NMRR----------------------------差模抑制比CMRR----------------------------共模抑制比OIU-----------------------------操作员接口MMU-----------------------------端子安装单元CIU-----------------------------计算机接口单元COM-----------------------------控制器模件LIM-----------------------------回路接口模件LMM-----------------------------逻辑主模件BIM-----------------------------总线接口模件AMM-----------------------------模拟主模件DSM-----------------------------数字子模件DLS-----------------------------数字逻辑站ASM-----------------------------模拟子模件DIS-----------------------------数字指示站CTS-----------------------------控制I/O子模件TPL-----------------------------通信回路端子单元TDI/IDO-------------------------数字输入/输出端子单元TAI/TAO-------------------------模拟输入/输出端子单元TLS-----------------------------逻辑站端子单元TCS-----------------------------控制器站端子单元CTM-----------------------------组态调整单元MBD-----------------------------控制板LOG-----------------------------记录器站ENG-----------------------------工程师控制站HSR-----------------------------历史数据存储及检索站OPE-----------------------------操作员/报警控制台CALC----------------------------记算机站TV------------------------------高压主汽阀GV------------------------------高压调节阀RV------------------------------中压主汽阀IV------------------------------中压调节阀PPS-----------------------------汽轮机防进水保护系统AS------------------------------自动同步BOP-----------------------------轴承润滑油泵EOP-----------------------------紧急事故油泵SOB-----------------------------高压备用密封油泵CCBF----------------------------协调控制锅炉跟随方式CCTF----------------------------协调控制汽轮机跟随方式CRT-----------------------------阴极射线管GC------------------------------高压调节阀控制IC------------------------------中压调节阀控制TC------------------------------高压主汽阀控制LDC-----------------------------负荷指令计算机OA------------------------------操作员自动控制PCV-----------------------------压力控制阀门RD------------------------------快速降负荷RSV-----------------------------中压主汽阀TSI-----------------------------汽轮机监控仪表TPC-----------------------------汽轮机压力控制UPS-----------------------------不间断电源。
单元机组协调控制系统(CCS)
§7.1 CCS的基本概念(6)
➢ 以锅炉跟随为基础的协调控制方式:
§7.1 CCS的基本概念(7)
➢ 以汽轮机跟随为基础的协调控制方式
§7.1 CCS的基本概念(8)
➢ 综合型协调控制方式
§7.1 CCS的基本概念(9)
CCS 的基 本组 成
➢ CCS
➢ p1/pT信号的微分项整定不受汽轮机控制回路的影响，只需按 机炉对负荷要求响应速度的差异确定参数就可以了。与负荷 指令间接平衡的协调系统相比，锅炉控制回路的前馈信号无 论是动态的还是静态的精度都比较高，整定也比较方便。
§7.3 机炉主控制器(17)
系统分析(2)
➢ 从锅炉内扰来看，当燃烧率自发增加时，pT及p1均升高，因 为p1对燃烧率变化比实发电功率PE灵敏，在汽轮机控制回路 中功率积分项尚未改变时，汽轮机调节器就使汽轮机调节阀 关小，促使p1恢复到与功率给定值相适应的水平。与此同时， 锅炉控制回路接受两个减小PB指令的信号，一个是由于p1恢 复而使p1/pT减小的信号，另一个是负的压力偏差信号（p0pT），所以锅炉侧消除内扰的能力较强。
§7.1 CCS的基本概念(1)
CCS释义： 在单元机组的调节方式中，无论扰动发生在
锅炉侧还是汽轮机侧，都能保证机炉之间能很好 地相互跟随协调运行，同时兼顾负荷和汽压两者 的关系，能在确保机组安全运行的前提下最大限 度地适应负荷需要的调节方式或控制系统。
§7.1 CCS的基本概念(2)
单元机组负荷控制的特点：
协调锅炉、汽轮发电机的运行，在负荷变化较大时，能维持两 者之间的能量平衡，保证主蒸汽压力稳定。
协调机组内部各子控制系统（燃料、送风、炉膛压力、给水、 汽温等控制系统）的控制作用，在负荷变化过程中使机组的主 要运行参数在允许的工作范围内，以确保机组有较高的效率和 可靠的安全性。
火电厂、热电厂各系统中英文对照,doc_type,doc
火电厂、热电厂各系统中英文对照,doc_type,doc火电厂火电厂火电厂火电厂、、、、热电厂各系统中英文对照热电厂各系统中英文对照热电厂各系统中英文对照热电厂各系统中英文对照1111Quality and nuclear safety related system(完全与质量和核安全相关系统)Partially quality and nuclear safety related system(部分与质量和核安全相关系统)Quality related system(与质量相关系统)Non quality related system（与质量无关系统）A Feedwater Supply(供水系统)ABP Low Pressure Feedwater Heater(低压给水加热器系统)ACO Feedwater Heaters Drain Recovery（给水加热器疏水回收系统）ADG Feedwater Deaerating Tank and Gas Stripper(给水除氧器系统)ADS LV AC Network 380V(ET Buiding)/低压交流电源380V系统（ET厂房）AET Feedwanter Pump Turbine Gland(主给水泵汽机轴封系统) AGM Moter Driven Feedwater Pump Lubrication(电动主给水泵润滑系统)AGR Feedwater Pump Turbine Lubrication and Control Fluid(主给水泵汽机润滑油及调节油系统)AHP High Pressure Feedwataer Heater(高压给水加热器系统) ory System（汽机监视系统）APA Moter-Driven Feedwater Pump(电动主给水泵系统)2222APD Start-up Feedwater System(启动给水系统)APG Steam Generator Blowdown(蒸汽发生器排污系统)APP Turbine－Driven Feedwater Pump（汽动主给水泵系统）APU Feedwater Pump Turbine Drain(主给水泵汽机疏水系统) ARE Feedwater Flow Control(给水流量控制系统)ASG Auiliary Feedwater (辅助给水系统)ATE Condensate Polishing Plant(凝结水净化处理系统)C Condenser(Condensation－Vacuum－Circulating Water)/凝汽器（冷凝－真空－循环水）CAR Turbine Exhaust Water Spraying(汽机排汽口喷淋系统)CET Turbine Gland(汽机轴封系统)CEX Condensate Extraction(凝结水抽取系统)CFI Circulating Water Filtraation(循环水过滤系统)CGR Circulating Water Pump Lubrication(循环水泵润滑系统) CPA Cathodic Protection（阴极保护系统）CRF Circulating Water（循环水系统）3333CTE Circulating Water Treatment(循环水处理系统)CVI Condenser Vacuum(凝汽器真空系统)D Ventilation－Handling Equipment－Communications－Elighting(通风－吊装设备－通讯－照明)DAA BOP Elevator System(BOP电梯系统)DAI Nuclear Island Building Elevators(核岛厂房电梯)DAM Turbine Hall Elevators（汽机厂房电梯）DEG Nuclear Island Chilled Water (核岛冷冻水系统)DEL Electrical Building Chilled Water（电气厂房冷冻水系统）DMA BOP Handling Equipment（AC Building）/BOP吊装设备（AC厂房）DME Main Swithchyard Handling Equipment（主开关站吊装设备）DMH Miscellaneous Hoists and Lifting Equipment in BOP Buildingsand Area(BOP厂房和BOP区域内的各种吊装设备DMK Fuel Building Handling Equipment（核燃料厂房吊装设备）DMM Turbine Hall Mechanical Handling Equipment（汽机厂房机械吊装设备）DMN Nuclear Auxiliary Building Handling Equipment（核辅助厂房吊装设备）4444DMP Circulating Water Pumping Station Handling Equipment （循环水泵站吊设备）DMR Reactor Building Handling Equipment（反应堆厂房吊装设备）DMW Handling Equipment for Reactor Building Gantry and Peripheral Rooms(反应堆厂房外部龙门架及其外围厂房吊装设备) DNB BOP Building&Area Normal Lighting（BOP厂房和区域内正常照明系统）DNK Fuel Buildings Normal Lighting(核燃料厂房正常照明系统) DNL Electrical Building Nomal Lighting（电气厂房正常照明系统）DNM Turbine Hall Normal Lighting（汽机厂房正常照明系统）DNN Nuclear Auxiliray Building Normal Lighting（核辅助厂房正常照明系统）DNP Circulating Water Pumping Station Normal Lighting（循环水泵房正常照明系统）DNQ Waste Auxiliary Building Normal Lighting(核废料辅助厂房正常照明系统)DNR Reactor Building Normal Lighting（反应堆厂房正常照明系统）DSB BOP Building&Area Emergency Lighting（BOP厂房和区域内应急照明系统）DSI Site Security System（厂区保安系统）DSK Fuel Buildings Emergency Lighting(核燃料厂房应急照明系统)55DSL Electrical Building Emergency Lighting （电气厂房应急照明系统）DSM Turbine Hall Emergency Lighting（汽机厂房应急照明系统）DSN Nuclear Auxiliray Building Emergency Lighting（核辅助厂房应急照明系统）tem（汽机监视系统）DSP Circulating Water Pumping Station Emergency Lighting（循环水泵房应急照明系统）DSQ Waste Auxiliary Building Emergency Lighting(核废料辅助厂房应急照明系统)DSR Reactor Building Emergency Lighting（反应堆厂房应急照明系统）DTL Closed－Circuit Television（闭路电视系统）DTV Site Communication（厂区通讯系统）DVC Control Room Air Conditioning（主控制室空调系统）DVE Cable Floor Ventilation （电缆层通风系统）DVF Electrical Building Smoke Exhaust（电气厂房排烟系统）DVG Auxiliary Feedwater Pump Room Ventilation（辅助给水泵房通风系统）DVH Charging Pump Room Emergency Ventilation（上充泵房应急通风系统）DVI Component Cooling Room Ventilation(设备冷却水房间通风系DVK Fuel Building Ventilation（核燃料厂房通风系统）6666DVL Electrical Building Main Ventilation（电气厂房主通风系统）DVM Turbine Hall Vetilation（汽机厂房通风系统）DVN Nuclear Auxiliry Building Ventilation?房应急照明系统）统）DVP Circulating Water Pumping Station Ventilation （循环水泵通风系统）DVQ Waste Auxiliary Building Ventilation （废物辅助厂房通风系统）DVS Safety Injection and Containment Spray Pump Motor RoomVentilation(安全注入和安全喷林泵电机通风系统)DVT Demineralization Plant VentilationDVV Auxiliary Boiler and Compressor Building Ventilation （辅助锅炉和空压机厂房通风系统）DVW Peripheral Rooms Ventilation （安全壳环廊房间通风系统）DVX Lubricating Oil Transfer Plant Building Ventilation（润滑油输送装置厂房通风系统）DW A Hot Workshop and Warehouse Ventilation（热机修车间和仓库通风系统）DWB RestaurantVentilation （SA餐厅通风系统）DWC Trainning Center Ventilation （EA Building）/培训中心通风系统DWD Security Building Ventilation（保安楼通风系统）7777DWE Main Swithchyard Ventilation（主开关站通风系统）DWM EC Building Ventilation System（EC厂房暖通空调系统）ets（集中控制模拟量机柜）DWL Hot Laundry Ventilation（热洗衣房通风系统）DWM Emergency Center Ventilation System（应急中心通风系统/EM楼）DWN Site Laboratory Ventilation（厂区实验室通风系统/AL实验室）DWQ Garge & Laundry Ventilation（车库和洗衣房通风系统（AG/EL）厂房）DWS Essential ServiceWater Pumping Station Ventilation（重要厂用水泵站通风系统/PX泵站）DWT Archive & Documentation Center Ventilation(AD Building )/文档中心通风系统（AD楼）DWU Fire Fighting Training CenterV entilation（消防培训中心通风系统/EB楼）DWV Oil Storage Area V entilation （FC Building）/油料仓库通风系统（FC厂房）DWX Compressors Building Ventilation System（ZC Building）空压机房通风系统（ZC厂房）DWY Electrochlorination Plant Ventilation（制氯站通风系统）DWZ Hydrogen Production Plant Ventilation（制氢站通风系统）8888E ContainmentEAS Containment Spray（安全壳喷淋系统）lation System（EC 厂房暖通空调?rEAU Containment Instrumentation（安全壳仪表系统）EBA Containment Sweeping Ventilation（安全壳换气通风系统）EPP Containment Leakage Monitoring（安全壳泄漏监测系统）ETY Containment Atmosphere Monitoring（安全壳大气监测系统）EVC Reactor Pit Ventilation（反应堆堆坑通风系统）EVF Containment Cleanup（安全壳内空气净化系统）EVR Containment Continuous Ventilation（安全壳连续通风系统）G Turbine Generator（汽轮发电机）GCA Turbine and Feedheating Plant Preservation DuringOutage（汽机和给水加热装置停运期间的保养系统）GCT Turbine Bypass（汽机旁路系统）GEV Power Transmission（输电系统）GEW Main Swithchyard－EHV Switchgear（主开关站－超高压配电装置）GEX Generator Excitation and V oltage Regulation（发电机励和电压调节系统）9999GFR Turbine Control Fluid（汽机调节系统）GGR Turbine Lubrication Jaching and Turning（汽机润滑、顶轴和盘车系统）GHE Generator Seal Oil（发电机密封油系统）GME Turbine Supervisory System（汽机监视系统）GPA Generator and Power Transmission Protection（发电机和输电保护系统）GPV Turbine Steam and Drain（汽机蒸汽和疏水系统）GRE Turbine Governing（汽机调节系统）GRH Generator Hydrogen Cooling（发电机氢气冷却系统）GRV Generator Hydrogen Supply（发电机氢气供应系统）GSE Turbine Protection（汽机保护系统）GSS Moisture Separator Water（汽水分离再热器系统）GST Stator Cooling Water（发电机定子冷却水系统）GSY Grid Synchronization and Connection（同步并网系统）GTH Turbine Lube Oil Treatment（汽机润滑油处理系统）GTR TurbineGenerator Remote Control（汽轮发电机远程控制系统）10101010J Fire Protection（Detection－Fire Fighting）/消防（探测－火警）JDT Fire Detection（火警探测系统）JPD Fire Fighting Water Distribution（消防水分配系统）JPH Turbine Oil Tank Fire Protection（汽机油箱消防系统）JPI Nuclear Island Fire Protection （核岛消防系统）JPL Electrical Building Fire Protection（电气厂房消防系统）JPP Fire Fighting Water Production（消防水生产系统）JPS Mobile & Portable Fire Fighting Equipment（移动式和便携式消防设备）JPT Transformers Fire Protection（变压器灭火系统）JPU Site Fire Fighting Water Distribution（厂区消防水分配系统）JPV DieselGenerator Fire Protection（柴油发电机灭火系统）K Instrumentation and Control（仪表和控制）KBS Thermocouple Cold Junction Boxes(热电偶冷端盒系统）KCO Common Control Cabinets for Conventional Island（常规岛共用控制机柜）KDO Test Data Acquisition（试验数据采集系统）11111111KIR Loose Parts and Vibration Monitoring（松动部分和振动监测系统）KIS Seisimic Instrumentation(地震仪表系统）KIT Centralized Data Processing(集中数据处理系统）KKK Site and Building Access Control(厂区和办公楼出入监督系统）KKO Energy Metering and Perturbography(电度表和故障录波仪）KLP 500KV Line Protection 500KV （线路保护系统）KME Test Instrumentation（试验仪表系统）KPR Remote Shutdown Panel （应急停堆盘系统）KRG General Control Analog Cabinets（集中控制模拟量机柜）?房应急照明系统）KRS Site Radiation and Meteorological Monitoring(厂区辐射与气象检测系统）KRT Plant Radiation Monitoring （电厂辐射监测系统）KSA Alarm Processing（报警处理系统）KSC Main Control Room（主控制室系统）KSN Nulear Auxiliary Building－Local Control Panels and Boards（核辅助厂房－就地控制屏和控制盘）12121212KSU Security Building Control Desk（应急保安控制台系统）KZC Controlled Area Access Monitoring（控制区出入监测系统）L Electrical System（电气系统）LAA Uninterrupted 230V DC Power System（LNE）Inverter Power Supply/230V 不间断直流电源系统、逆变系统（电气厂房LNE）LAB Turbine Generator Continuous Lubrication Pump Power Supply/汽轮机不间断润滑油泵电源系统（汽机厂房）常?JPD Fire Fightin_。
(完整word版)单元机组主控系统(中英对照翻译)
单元机组主控系统Master Control System of Unit Plant单元机组主控系统一般设置有四种运行方式：即汽轮机手动控制，锅炉手动控制的基本方式(BASE方式)；以锅炉为基础的汽轮机跟随方式(TF方式)；以汽轮机为基础的锅炉跟随方式(BF方式)和汽轮机一锅炉综合功率控制的协调控制方式(CCS方式)。
四种运行方式之间的切换必须是平稳无扰动的。
操作员可根据机组的运行情况进行选择。
一般情况下，机组适宜在滑压控制方式和CCS方式下运行。
事故工况时，则通常选择在TF方式和定压方式下运行。
The master control system of the unit plant generally provides four modes of operation, including the base mode of steam turbine manual control and boiler manual control; the boiler-based turbine following mode (TF mode); the steam turbine-based boiler following mode (BF mode), and the Coordinated Control System (CCS) mode of steam turbine-boiler integrated power control. Switching amongst the four modes must be smooth without disturbance. The operator may make choices based on the unit running conditions. Under normal circumstances, the unit is suitable to operate in the sliding pressure control mode and the CCS mode. In accident conditions, it will usually run in the TF mod and the constant pressure mode.单元机组主控系统的前三种运行方式的根本区别在于对功率和主汽压力的控制处理上。
单元机组协调控制系统
机 态时组压处力于机 荷运”自组 运算机动处算回跟/于回手路随协路动.”调切状状换态单时元负
机跟随状态时DEH由此 信号来控制,即由压力 调节器控制,控制目标 主汽压力等于给定数值.
负 传机当 D当荷 送组E被率汽 负指到H处控.机荷回令汽于制主指路作机协量控令工为主调机所变作给控方组控化正定回式的制时常数路时实的,时值.加,际, 功 中调速间节负串器荷联输相惯出应性的的是主微希汽分望阀通汽门道. 机开负度荷沿变此化线稍路慢输些出,以到 便D和EH锅炉的负荷变化相 适应.
：固定常数输出数值幅值限制环节，限制数值由程 序设定，当输入信号数值超过限制数值后，环节输出 等于限制数值大小。例如，限制数值等于105，当输 入数值小于105时，环节输出等于环节的输入，而当 环节输入为110超过限制数值后，环节输出等于105。
：高限报警电路，环节输入为模拟量，输出为开关 量。上方数字为输入信号的高限数值，当输入信号超 过高限数值，电路输出报警信号（输出“1”信号）， 输入信号低于高限数值时，电路没有报警信号输出 （输出“0”信号）。
4. MFT—（Master fuel trip）锅炉主燃料跳闸 当发生炉膛灭火等事故后，如不切断进入炉膛的燃料可 能会造成煤粉爆炸等危及锅炉安全的事故，此时，相关 电路会产生MFT主燃料跳闸信号，使机组协调控制系统 进入MFT工况，以切断锅炉的所有燃料供给。
5. ETS—汽轮机紧急调闸 当继续运行，会危及汽轮机设备安全时，例如，汽轮机超速、 发电机甩负荷等工况出现时，相关控制器使汽轮机进入ETS工 况，强行关断进汽阀门以保护汽轮机等设备的安全。
汽机主控
DEH控制
汽机负荷
煤量控制
f(X)
f(X)
f(X) 炉膛负压给定
【系统】PID中英文对照翻译
【关键字】系统PID ControlIntroductionThe PID controller is the most common form of feedback. It was an essential element of early governors and it became the standard tool when process control emerged in the 1940s. In process control today, more than 95% of the control loops are of PID type, most loops are actually PI control. PID controllers are today found in all areas where control is used. The controllers come in many different forms. There are standalone systems in boxes for one or a few loops, which are manufactured by the hundred thousands yearly. PID control is an important ingredient of a distributed control system. The controllers are also embedded in many special purpose control systems. PID control is often combined with logic, sequential functions, selectors, and simple function blocks to build the complicated automation systems used for energy production, transportation, and manufacturing. Many sophisticated control strategies, such as model predictive control, are also organized hierarchically. PID control is used at the lowest level; the multivariable controller gives the set points to the controllers at the lower level. The PID controller can thus be said to be the “bread a nd butter of control engineering. It is an important component in every control engineer’s tool box.PID controllers have survived many changes in technology, from mechanics and pneumatics to microprocessors via electronic tubes, transistors, integrated circuits. The microprocessor has had a dramatic influence the PID controller. Practically all PID controllers made today are based on microprocessors. This has given opportunities to provide additional features like automatic tuning, gain scheduling, and continuous adaptation.6.2 The AlgorithmWe will start by summarizing the key features of the PID controller. The “textbook” version of the PID algorithm is described by:6.1where y is the measured process variable, r the reference variable, u is the control signal and e is the control error（e = − y）. The reference variable is often called the set point. The control signal is thus a sum of three terms: the P-term （which is proportional to the error）, the I-term （which is proportional to the integral of the error）, and the D-term （which is proportional to the derivative of the error）. Thecontroller parameters are proportional gain K, integral time Ti, and derivative time Td. The integral, proportional and derivative part can be interpreted as control actions based on the past, the present and the future as is illustrated in Figure 2.2. The derivative part can also be interpreted as prediction by linear extrapolation as is illustrated in Figure 2.2. The action of the different terms can be illustrated by the following figures which show the response to step changes in the reference value in a typical case.Effects of Proportional, Integral and Derivative ActionProportional control is illustrated in Figure 6.1. The controller is given by D6.1E with Ti = and Td=0. The figure shows that there is always a steady state error in proportional control. The error will decrease with increasing gain, but the tendency towards oscillation will also increase.Figure 6.2 illustrates the effects of adding integral. It follows from D6.1E that the strength of integral action increases with decreasing integral time Ti. The figure shows that the steady state error disappears when integral action is used. Compare with the discussion of the “magic of integral action” in Section 2.2. The tendency for oscillation also increases with decreasing Ti. The properties of derivative action are illustrated in Figure 6.3.Figure 6.3 illustrates the effects of adding derivative action. The parameters K and Ti are chosen so that the closed loop system is oscillatory. Damping increases with increasing derivative time, but decreases again when derivative time becomes too large. Recall that derivative action can be interpreted as providing prediction by linear extrapolation over the time Td. Using this interpretation it is easy to understand that derivative action does not help if the prediction time Td is too large. In Figure 6.3 the period of oscillation is about 6 s for the system without derivative Chapter 6. PID ControlFigure 6.1Figure 6.2Derivative actions cease to be effective when Td is larger than a 1 s (one sixth of the period). Also notice that the period of oscillation increases when derivative time is increased.A PerspectiveThere is much more to PID than is revealed by （6.1）. A faithful implementation of the equation will actually not result in a good controller. To obtain a good PID controller it is also necessary to consider。
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单元机组主控系统Master Control System of Unit Plant单元机组主控系统一般设置有四种运行方式：即汽轮机手动控制，锅炉手动控制的基本方式(BASE方式)；以锅炉为基础的汽轮机跟随方式(TF方式)；以汽轮机为基础的锅炉跟随方式(BF方式)和汽轮机一锅炉综合功率控制的协调控制方式(CCS方式)。
四种运行方式之间的切换必须是平稳无扰动的。
操作员可根据机组的运行情况进行选择。
一般情况下，机组适宜在滑压控制方式和CCS方式下运行。
事故工况时，则通常选择在TF方式和定压方式下运行。
The master control system of the unit plant generally provides four modes of operation, including the base mode of steam turbine manual control and boiler manual control; the boiler-based turbine following mode (TF mode); the steam turbine-based boiler following mode (BF mode), and the Coordinated Control System (CCS) mode of steam turbine-boiler integrated power control. Switching amongst the four modes must be smooth without disturbance. The operator may make choices based on the unit running conditions. Under normal circumstances, the unit is suitable to operate in the sliding pressure control mode and the CCS mode. In accident conditions, it will usually run in the TF mod and the constant pressure mode.单元机组主控系统的前三种运行方式的根本区别在于对功率和主汽压力的控制处理上。
在单元机组中，汽轮机进汽压力是反映机、炉能量平衡和机组运行稳定的重要指标。
The fundamental difference between the first three modes of the master control system of the unit plant lies in the control and treatment of power and main steam pressure. In the unit plant, the inlet steam pressure of the steam turbine is an important indicator to reflect energy balance of the unit and the furnace as well as the unit running stability.BF方式：汽轮机接受负荷指令，调节功率，能快速响应负荷要求；锅炉负责调节主汽压力，维持主汽压力的稳定，但由于锅炉动态响应慢，因此动态过程中主汽压波动大。
特点：可以利用锅炉蓄热提高经济性，但主汽压波动大，影响机组的安全运行。
BF mode: the steam turbine accepts load demand, adjusts the power and is able to quickly respond to load requirements; the boiler is responsible for regulating the main steam pressure and maintaining the stability of the main steam pressure. However, the main steam pressure will greatly fluctuate in the dynamic process due to slow dynamic response of the boiler. Features: boiler heat storage can be taken advantage of to improve the economy, but great fluctuations of the main steam pressure will affect safe operation of the unit.TF方式：锅炉接受负荷指令，调节功率，满足负荷要求，汽轮机负责调节主汽压力，但锅炉动态响应慢，因此，负荷响应能力差。
其特点：由于汽轮机负责调节主汽压力，因而主汽压力稳定，但会产生附加蓄热，机组经济性下降。
TF mode: the boiler accepts load demand, adjusts the power and meets the load requirements; the steam turbine is responsible for regulating the main steam pressure. However, the load response capacity is poor due to slow dynamic response of the boiler. Features: the main steam pressure isstable as the steam turbine is responsible for regulating the main steam pressure, but the unit economy will decline due to the generation of additional heat storage.协调控制方式（CCS）较好地解决机组的负荷适应性与稳定性这一对矛盾。
协调控制系统的一个重要思想，就在于蓄能的合理利用和补偿：利用锅炉的蓄能，同时要防止利用的无限性；补偿蓄能，动态超调锅炉的能量输入。
The CCS mode can better solve the contradiction between the unit’s load adaptability and stability. Rational utilization and compensation of energy storage is an important idea of the coordinated control system: to make use of the boiler energy storage but prevent unlimited use; to compensate energy storage and dynamically over-shoot the boiler energy input.单元主控中的锅炉主控制器相当于负荷指令处理回路与燃烧控制系统之间的接口，它产生的锅炉指令作为锅炉子控制系统的定值信号，通过该回路可以将经过修正的机组负荷指令信号传送到风量控制回路及燃料控制回路，以协调锅炉出力与负荷指令的匹配关系。
该主控回路既可以工作在自动方式，也可以工作在手动方式，均能够相应地完成单元机组在各种工况下的控制功能。
The boiler master controller in the unit master is equivalent to the interface between the load demand processing loop and the combustion control system. It generates boiler demands as the set signal of the boiler sub-control system. This loop can send modified load demand signal of the unit to the air volume control loop and the fuel control loop, so as to coordinate the matching relation between boiler output and load demand. The master control loop is able to complete the unit’s control functions in different operating conditions either in automatic mode or manual mode.单元主控中的汽轮机主控制器的任务是接受机组负荷指令，经各种运算及运行方式的切换，最终产生汽轮机负荷指令的步进增／减信号。
汽轮机主控回路相当于负荷指令处理回路与DEH系统之间的接口，通过DEH系统改变汽轮机调节汽门开度，使进入汽轮机的蒸汽量与机组的负荷指令相适应，从而协调机炉之间的能量需求。
The master controller of the steam turbine of the unit master is responsible for receiving load demands of the unit and ultimately generating the stepping increment / decrement signal of load demands of the steam turbine by switching between different methods of calculation and modes of operation. The master control loop of the steam turbine is equivalent to the interface between the load demand processing loop and the DEH system. The DEH system changes the adjustable valve opening of the steam turbine so that the amount of steam entering the steam turbine adapts to the unit’s load demand, thereby coordinating the energy demand between the unit and the boiler.单元主控还设有辅机故障减负荷(Run Back,简称RB)和机组快速甩负荷(Fast Cut Back．简称FCB)工况的负荷指令控制回路，机组迫升／迫降负荷指令控制回路和增闭锁／减闭锁负荷指令控制回路。