国际经济学第一章PPT课件
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Ricardo 1.4 Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Costs 1.5 Comparative Advantage with More Than Two
Commodities and Countries 1.6 Theory of Reciprocal Demand 1.7 Offer Curves and the Terms of Trade
1.1 Mercantilism 1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith 1.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David
Ricardo 1.4 Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Costs 1.5 Comparative Advantage with More Than Two
If a country could achieve a favorable trade balance, it would receive payments from the rest of the world in the form of gold and silver. Such revenues would contribute to an increase in spending and thus a rise in domestic output and employment.
1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
An arithmetic example
A Case of Absolute Advantage
Country
Output per Labor Hour
iPad
Cloth
U.K.
5 sets
20 yards
International Economics
Chapter 1
Classical Theories of International Trade
整体概况
概况一
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百度文库
01
概况二
点击此处输入 相关文本内容
02
概况三
点击此处输入 相关文本内容
03
Chapter 1 Classical Theories of International Trade
1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
With free trade, countries could concentrate their production on the goods they could produce most cheaply and enjoy all the consequent benefits from the labor division.
Cost differences govern the international movement of goods. The concept of cost is founded upon the labor theory of value.
1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
U.S.
15 sets
10 yards
The U.S. has an absolute advantage in iPad production; its iPad workers' productivity (output per worker hour) is higher than that of the U.K, which leads to lower costs (less labor required to produce a set of iPad).
Two assumptions, within each country:
Labor is the only factor of production and is homogeneous (i.e. of one quality).
The cost or price of a good depends exclusively upon the amount of labor required to produce it.
In like manner, the U.K has an absolute advantage in cloth production.
Chapter 1 Classical Theories of International Trade
1.1 Mercantilism 1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith 1.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David
Critics Possible only for short term Assuming static world economy
Chapter 1 Classical Theories of International Trade
1.1 Mercantilism 1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith 1.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David
Commodities and Countries 1.6 Theory of Reciprocal Demand 1.7 Offer Curves and the Terms of Trade
1.1 Mercantilism
The mercantilists advocated government regulation of trade to promote a favorable trade balance.
Commodities and Countries 1.6 Theory of Reciprocal Demand 1.7 Offer Curves and the Terms of Trade
1.1 Mercantilism 1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith 1.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David
Ricardo 1.4 Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Costs 1.5 Comparative Advantage with More Than Two
If a country could achieve a favorable trade balance, it would receive payments from the rest of the world in the form of gold and silver. Such revenues would contribute to an increase in spending and thus a rise in domestic output and employment.
1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
An arithmetic example
A Case of Absolute Advantage
Country
Output per Labor Hour
iPad
Cloth
U.K.
5 sets
20 yards
International Economics
Chapter 1
Classical Theories of International Trade
整体概况
概况一
点击此处输入 相关文本内容
百度文库
01
概况二
点击此处输入 相关文本内容
02
概况三
点击此处输入 相关文本内容
03
Chapter 1 Classical Theories of International Trade
1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
With free trade, countries could concentrate their production on the goods they could produce most cheaply and enjoy all the consequent benefits from the labor division.
Cost differences govern the international movement of goods. The concept of cost is founded upon the labor theory of value.
1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith
U.S.
15 sets
10 yards
The U.S. has an absolute advantage in iPad production; its iPad workers' productivity (output per worker hour) is higher than that of the U.K, which leads to lower costs (less labor required to produce a set of iPad).
Two assumptions, within each country:
Labor is the only factor of production and is homogeneous (i.e. of one quality).
The cost or price of a good depends exclusively upon the amount of labor required to produce it.
In like manner, the U.K has an absolute advantage in cloth production.
Chapter 1 Classical Theories of International Trade
1.1 Mercantilism 1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith 1.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David
Critics Possible only for short term Assuming static world economy
Chapter 1 Classical Theories of International Trade
1.1 Mercantilism 1.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith 1.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David
Commodities and Countries 1.6 Theory of Reciprocal Demand 1.7 Offer Curves and the Terms of Trade
1.1 Mercantilism
The mercantilists advocated government regulation of trade to promote a favorable trade balance.