《威尼斯商人》阅读练习题
《威尼斯商人》练习与答案
《威尼斯商人》练习与答案一.基础训练1.给下列的加点字注音。
万恶不赦．( ) 饶恕．．( ) ( ) 鸡犬．( )不宁有例可援．( ) 腌臜．．( ) ( )2.根据拼音写出正确的汉字，要求书写端正。
cè隐( ) huò( )免中流dǐ( ) 柱páo( )代吿bǐng ( ) 遍jī( )群 jí( )3.解释下列加点的词语。
①万恶不赦．．．．的狗，看你死后不下地狱②以后谁都可以借口有例可援．．．．③敬祈钧裁．．二.课时达标4.《威尼斯商人》的作者是，文艺复兴时期国文学史上最杰出的戏剧家、诗人，也是西方文艺史上最杰出的作家之一，全世界最卓越的文学家之一。
莎士比亚崇尚高尚情操，常常描写牺牲与复仇，包括《》、《》、《》、《》，被认为属于英语最佳范例。
5. 阅读下面的文段，回答问题。
巴萨尼奥难道人们对于他们所不喜欢的东西，都一定要置之死地吗？夏洛克哪一个人会恨他所不愿意杀死的东西？巴萨尼奥初次的冒犯，不应该就引为仇恨。
夏洛克什么！你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？安东尼奥请你想一想，你现在跟这个犹太人讲理，就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出簌簌的声音。
要是你能够叫这个犹太人的心变软——世上还有什么东西比它更硬呢？——那么还有什么难事不可以做到？所以我请你不用再跟他商量什么条件，也不用替我想什么办法，让我爽爽快快受到判决，满足这犹太人的心愿吧。
巴萨尼奥借了你三千块钱，现在拿六千块钱还你好不好？夏洛克即使这六千块钱中间的每一块钱都可以分做六份，每一份都可以变成一块钱，我也不要它们；我只要照约处罚。
公爵你这样一点没有慈悲之心，将来怎么能够希望人家对你慈悲呢？（1）“什么！你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？”这句话的潜台词是什么？（2）文中划横线的句子运用了什么修辞手法？并分析其含义（3）安东尼奥说“……满足这犹太人的心愿吧。
《威尼斯商人》练习题
《威尼斯商人》（节选）练习题一、积累与运用1．根据拼音写汉字，给加点字注音。
（1）告禀．（）凛．然（）（2）qiān（）署鉴．定（）釜．（）底抽薪（3）万恶不赦．（）羞nǎn（） hèhè（）有名2. 根据括号中的解释写出词语。
（1）到了最后关头，就会显出你的仁慈（对受苦难的人表示同情）来，比你现在这种表面上的残酷更加出人意料。
（2）要是开了这一个恶例，以后谁都可以借口（有先例可参照），什么坏事情都可以干了。
（3）不愧是法律界的（比喻坚强的、能起支柱作用的人或集体）3.填空。
（1）《威尼斯商人》作者是欧洲文艺复兴时期国（人名），其“四大悲剧”为、、和。
（2）在世界文学名著中，有四个著名的吝啬鬼，除了本文中的夏洛克外，还有法国戏剧家莫里哀笔下的，法国小说家巴尔扎克笔下的，俄国作家果戈里笔下的。
4. 仿照下面示例，从“帮助”“理解”或者“宽容”三个词语中任选一个进行仿写。
示例：慈悲不是出于勉强，它像甘霖一样从天下降下尘世；它不但给幸福于受施的人，也同样给幸福于施与的人。
仿写：。
二、阅读理解（一）阅读《威尼斯商人》选段，回答后面问题。
威尼斯商人（节选）鲍西娅那商人身上的一磅肉是你的；法庭判给你，法律许可你。
夏洛克公平正直的法官！鲍西娅你必须从他的胸前割下这磅肉来；法律许可你，法庭判给你。
夏洛克博学多才的法官！判得好！来，预备！鲍西娅且慢，还有别的话哩。
这约上并没有允许你取他的一滴血，只是写明着“一磅肉”；所以你可以照约拿一磅肉去，可是在割肉的时候，要是流下一滴基督徒的血，你的土地财产，按照威尼斯的法律，就要全部充公。
葛莱西安诺啊，公平正直的法官！听着，犹太人；啊，博学多才的法官！夏洛克法律上是这样说的吗？鲍西娅你自己可以去查查明白。
既然你要求公道，我就给你公道，而且比你所要求的更地道。
葛莱西安诺啊，博学多才的法官！听着，犹太人；好一个博学多才的法官！夏洛克那么我愿意接受还款；照约上的数目三倍还我，放了那基督徒。
威尼斯商人随堂训练
《威尼斯商人》随堂训练一、阅读文章选段，回答问题：鲍西娅：别忙!这犹太人必须得到绝对的公道。
别忙!他除了照约处罚以外，不能接受其他的赔偿。
葛莱西安诺：啊，犹太人!一个公平正直的法官，一个博学多才的法官!鲍西娅：所以你准备着动手割肉吧。
不准流一滴血，也不准割得超过或是不足一磅的重量；要是你割下来的肉，比一磅略微轻一点或是重一点，即使相差只有一丝一毫，或者仅仅一根汗毛之微，就要把你抵命，你的财产全部充公。
葛莱西安诺：一个再世的但尼尔，一个但尼尔，犹太人!现在你可掉在我的手里了，你这异教徒!鲍西娅：那犹太人为什么还不动手?夏洛克：把我的本钱还我，放我去吧。
巴萨尼奥钱：我已经预备好在这儿，你拿去吧。
鲍西娅：他已经当庭拒绝过了；我们现在只能给他公道，让他履行原约。
葛莱西安诺：好一个但尼尔，一个再世的但尼尔!谢谢你，犹太人，你教会我说这句话。
夏洛克：难道我单单拿回我的本钱都不成吗?鲍西娅：犹太人，除了冒着你自己生命的危险割下那一磅肉以外，你不能拿一个钱。
夏洛克：好，那么魔鬼保佑他去享用吧!我不打这场官司了。
鲍西娅：等一等，犹太人，法律上还有一点牵涉你。
威尼斯的法律规定：凡是一个异邦人企图用直接或间接手段，谋害任何公民，查明确有实据者，他的财产的半数应当归受害的一方所有，其余的半数没入公库，犯罪者的生命悉听公爵处置，他人不得过问。
你现在刚巧陷入这个法网，因为根据事实的发展，已经足以证明你确有运用直接间接手段，危害被告生命的企图，所以你已经遭逢着我刚才所说起的那种危险了。
快快跪下来请公爵开恩吧。
葛莱西安诺：求公爵开恩，让你自己去寻死吧；可是你的财产现在充了公，一根绳子也买不起啦，所以还是要让公家破费把你吊死。
公爵：让你瞧瞧我们基督徒的精神，你虽然没有向我开口，我自动饶恕了你的死罪。
你的财产一半划归安东尼奥，还有一半没入公库；要是你能够诚心悔过，也许还可以减处你一笔较轻的罚款。
鲍西娅：这是说没入公库的一部分，不是说划归安东尼奥的一部分。
威尼斯商人练习题
《威尼斯商人》（节选）同步练习（一）【积累与运用】1、解释下面词语：①恻隐：_________________ ②凛然：_______________________③万恶不赦：_____________ ④中流砥柱：___________________⑤豁免：_________________ ⑥安息日：_____________________2、按课文填空。
①《威尼斯商人》选自《________》(人民文学出版社1994年版)里的《威尼斯商人》第四幕第一场。
莎士比亚（1564—1616），文学复兴时期_____国杰出的戏剧家和诗人，主要作品有《李尔王》、《_____》、《_______》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。
《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚的著名______剧。
②不准流一滴血，_________不准割得超过_______不足一磅的重量，_____你割下来的肉，比一磅略微轻一点______重一点，_______相差只有一丝一毫，_______仅仅一根汗毛之微，______要把你抵命。
3、简答题。
①夏洛克开始为了讨好鲍西娅，用了哪些动人的词语？其目的是什么？②鲍西娅对夏洛克是怎样智斗取胜的？4、下面句子次序已被打乱，请调整出正确语序。
①等一等，犹太人，法律上还有一点牵涉你。
②快快跪下来，请公爵开恩吧。
③你现在刚巧陷入这个法网，因为根据事实的发展，已足以证明你确有运用直接或间接的手段危害被告生命的企图。
④威尼斯的法律规定。
⑤所以你已经遭逢着我刚才所说的那种危险了。
⑥凡是一个异帮人，企图用直接或间接的手段，谋害任何公民，查明确有实据者，他的财产的半数应当归受害的一方所有，其余的半数没入公库，犯罪者的生命悉听公爵处置，他人不得过问。
答：【迁移与拓展】夏洛克：博学多才的法官！判得好！来，预备！鲍西娅：且慢，还有别的话哩。
这约上并没有允许你取他的一滴血，只是写明着“一磅肉”；所以你可以照约拿一磅肉去，可是在割肉的时候，要是流下一滴基督徒的血，你的土地财产，按照威尼斯的法律，就要全部充公。
《威尼斯商人(节选)》练习题
10．课题“威尼斯商人”是指 ____________( 安东尼奥 填人名)。(3分) 11．安东尼奥说“……满足这犹太人的心愿吧。”“犹太人的心愿”是指 什么？(4分) 割肉抵债。 12．比较下面两个句子，说说原文选择A句的原因。(5分) A：你这样一点没有慈悲之心，将来怎么能够希望人家对你慈悲呢？
们紧结成条。
16．从人物描写角度赏析第⑪段中的画线句子。(5分) 运用了动作描写。句中的“叹”“发出”等词语细腻地写出了“他”对父
亲的伤害之大，显示出父亲对孩子不理解自己的无奈和伤感。同时，也照
应前文，写出烘烤茶青严重伤害了父亲的身体，突出父亲的艰辛。 17．联系全文说说“双手之间有‘滋味’”中“滋味”的内涵。(5分) 既指父亲手工制作的茶叶香气袭人，富有人情味；又指像父亲一样不畏艰 辛、不怕烦琐的茶工们对传统手工技艺的坚持和传承。
既然公道法律的立场是你夏洛克寸步不让的 ，那么我将按照“公道”执行
赏罚，到时候你夏洛克就难逃法网了。
7．(嘉兴中考)下列说法错误的一项是( C )(3分) A．“范进中举”是吴敬梓长篇讽刺小说《儒林外史》中的精彩片段，胡屠 户、张乡绅等态度的变化反映了当时社会趋炎附势的众生相。 B．老舍笔下的骆驼祥子，经历了“三起三落”，由一个自尊好强、吃苦耐 劳的车夫，变成了好占便宜、自暴自弃的行尸走肉。
这是夏洛克说的话，运用比喻的修辞，形象地说明钱对他的重要性，刻画
出要钱不要命的守财奴的典型性格。
6．阅读剧本，必须理解潜台词，才能读出味来。试写出下面句子的潜台词。
(4分) (1)夏洛克：很对很对！啊，聪明正直的法官！想不到你瞧上去这样年轻，
见识却这么老练！
你说得很正确 ，你应该聪明一点 ，赶紧按契约的要求让我从安东尼奥身上 割下一磅肉来吧。 (2)鲍西娅：犹太人，虽然你所要求的是公道，可是请你想一想，要是真的 按照公道执行起赏罚来，谁也没有死后得救的希望。
《威尼斯商人》阅读答案
《威尼斯商人》阅读答案《威尼斯商人》阅读答案阅读下文。
回答1－6题（12分）鲍西娅那商人身上的一磅肉是你的；法庭判给你，法律许可你。
夏洛克公平正直的法官！鲍西娅你必须从他的胸前割下这磅肉来；法律许可你，法庭判给你。
夏洛克博学多才的法官！判得好！来，预备！鲍西娅且慢，还有别的话哩。
这约上并没有允许你取他的一滴血，只是写明着“一磅肉”；所以你可以照约拿一磅肉去，可是在割肉的时候，要是流下一滴基督徒的血，你的土地财产，按照威尼斯的法律，就要全部充公。
葛莱西安诺啊，公平正直的法官！听着，犹太人；啊，博学多才的法官！夏洛克法律上是这样说的吗？鲍西娅你自己可以去查查明白。
既然你要求公道，我就给你公道，而且比你所要求的更地道。
葛莱西安诺啊，博学多才的法官！听着，犹太人；好一个博学多才的法官！夏洛克那么我愿意接受还款；照约上的数目三倍还我，放了那基督徒。
巴萨尼奥钱在这儿。
鲍西娅别忙！这犹太人必须得到绝对的公道。
别忙！他除了照约处罚以外，不能接受其他的赔偿。
葛莱西安诺啊，犹太人！一个公平正直的法官，一个博学多才的法官！鲍西娅所以你准备着动手割肉吧。
不准流一滴血，也不准割得超过或是不足一磅的重量；要是你割下来的肉，比一磅略微轻一点或是重一点，即使相差只有一丝一毫，或者仅仅一根汗毛之微，就要把你抵命，你的财产全部充公。
……夏洛克不，把我的生命连着财产一起拿了去吧，我不要你们的宽恕。
你们拿掉了支撑房子的柱子，就是拆了我的房子；你们夺去了我的养家活命的根本，就是活活要了我的命。
1．安东尼奥的命运转机出现在哪一句?(2分)2．根据鲍西娅的语言分析她的性格特点。
(2分)3．夏洛克与葛莱西安诺对鲍西娅的称赞如出一辙，具有怎样的表达效果?(2分)4．分析画横线的文字，表现了人物怎样的性格特点?(2分)5．用一句话概括这段文字的大意。
(2分)6．鲍西娅在对付夏洛克时采取了什么对策?表现了鲍西娅什么性格特点?(2分)参考答案：整理1.且慢，还有别的话……全部充公。
威尼斯商人 练习及答案
威尼斯商人完形填空Portia was certain Bassanio would be brave enough to choose a box. She hoped he would be 1 enough to choose the one with her picture in it. Bassanio wanted to choose a box and marry her.However. Portia was now afraid that he would choose the 2 box. Then he would never be able to marry her. She tried to delay him from making his choice.“Stay with me a little 3 before you choose.” She said.Bassanio, however said he could not wait.“I love you Portia,”he said, “but I a m afraid to love you! I must know if I can marry you! I want you to be my wife, but I am afraid to hope for it.”Portia tried again to delay(耽搁) him, but he would not 4 . “Please let me choose,” he said.At last, Portia agreed. She took Bassanio to the three boxes and told him the 5 .“I am locked away in one of the boxes,” she said.“If you truly love me, you will find me. If you live, I will live! Choose a box!”Bassanio looked at the three boxes. He looked at the gold and 6 . “The world is tricked by 7 .” he said. People often hide ordinary things with beautiful gold, silver, and jewels. People always agree with those who speak well, 8 they say foolish things. I remember the story of Midas, the man who loved gold too much. He wanted 9 to be gold. He wished that he could make everything gold just by 10 it. When he could, it was a disaster. He could not eat his 11 food, and he was afraid to touch his daughter. Now I do not want these beautiful boxes of gold and silver. I will choose the lead box with its ordinary color. It 12 more to me than all the gold and silver in the world. Please give me the 13 to the lead box.”One of the servants gave him the key, and he went to the box and opened it. Portia was very 14 . She could not believe it, until Bassanio opened the box and saw the 15 inside it. ( )1.A. happy B. foolish C. wise D. silly( )2.A. wrong B. right C. light D. heavy( )3.A. short B. long C. shorter D. longer( )4.A. hear B. listen C. agree D. disagree( )5.A. rules B. truth C. story D. jokes( )6.A. silk B. sliver C. wool D. iron( )7.A. sounds B. appearance C. colors D. material( )8.A. even if B. as if C. if D. unless( )9.A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing( )10.A.feeling B. touching C. hearing D. seeing( )11.A.golden B. delicious C. bad D. fresh( )12.A.speaks B. says C. talks D. explains( )13.A.way B. key C. answer D. secret( )14.A.pleased B.sad C. unhappy D. anxious( )15.A. picture B. gold C. letter D. money阅读理解AHowever when he heard that Antonio, had lost a ship and all its valuable cargo, he was pleased.He decided that if Antonio could not pay back his debt when it was due, he would make him pay the penalty. He would take one pound of his flesh. He would choose the heart. Then Antonio would not be able to take business away from him any longer because he would be dead.The news got worse for Antonio. He lost another ship in a storm near Tripoli. It was a very large ship, and its cargo was very valuable. The ship and its cargo sat at the bottom of the sea.The news soon came to Venice and Shylock was happier than ever.Now he would have revenge on his old enemy. He looked forward to taking one pound of Antonio’s flesh.“ You will not take a pound of his flesh will you?” Antonio s friends asked Shylock.“ What use is that? What can you do with it?”“I can use i t to go fishing," he replied.“I can’t eat it. But it will make me feel good. He has often laughed at me when I lose money. He even laughs at me when I don't lose money. He lends money to people for no interest, and so he takes away my friends and my business. Why does he do this? It is only because I am a Jew. But a Jew is just another person.Don’t I have eyes and hands like he does?Don’t I have feelings and passions like he does?Don’t I eat the same food?Don’t the same weapons hurt me as hurt him?Don’t I get sick with the same illnesses as he does?Am I not cured in the same way?Don't I get hot in the summer and cold in the winter as he does?If you cut me, won't I bleed?If you tickle me, won't I laugh?If you poison me, won’t I die?If you do me wr ong, won’t I take revenge?”1.Why was Shylock happier than ever?A. Antonio had lost a ship and all its valuable cargo.B. His daughter, his money and his jewels have gone.C. His business has been taken away by Antonio.D. Antonio lost another ship which is large and valuable in a storm near Tripoli.2. What do you think of Shylock from this chapter?A. cleverB. kindC. cruelD. greedy3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “revenge”?A.回报B.报复C. 嘉奖D.陷阱4.Which of the following can’t infer from this chapter?A. Antonio can’t pay back his debt when it was due.B. Shylock won’t want Antonio’s fresh but more money.C. Shylock will take revenge of Antonio.D. Shylock thinks Antonio is his enemy.5. This chapter is the of the drama.A. BackgroundB. RisingC. ClimaxD. EndBPortia asked him to show her the contract. She read it “Shylock," she said, they are offering you three times the money.”“I do not want the money,” he said “I want the penalty. It is my right.”“It is your right, and it is the law.” agreed Portia. "You may take one pound of flesh from the merchant, Shylock. It is written in the contract. Have mercy on the merchant, shylock. Take three times the money and tell me to burn t he contract.”“I will burn the contract when he pays the penalty,” cried Shylock, pointing at Antonio“You are a good judge. You know the law. Nothing and nobody can make me change what I want. The contract stands.”Antonio had given up the fight against Shylock long ago. He wanted the judge to give his decisionSo Portia told him he should prepare his body for Shylock’s knife. Shylock was very happy. He said the judge was much older in wisdom than in years. Portia told Antonio to take off his shirt. She asked Shylock if he had scales read to weigh the flesh. Shylock showed her the scales he had brought with him. Then she asked him if he had brought a doctor with him. A doctor would be able to help Antonio after Shylock had taken the pound of flesh and perhaps stop him from dying. Shylock told her that it was not in the contract, so he had not brought a doctor to help Antonio. He said that if it wasn't in the contract, he could see no reason to do it. "You can't make me do it unless it is in the contract.” he reasoned. Portia asked Antonio if he wanted to say anything before Shylock took his penalty. He just wanted to say goodbye to Bassanio and ask him to tell Portia that Antonio was a good friend. Bassanio felt bad because his best friend was going to die. He remembered that Antonio borrowed the money from Shylock to help him. Antonio said he felt happy. He said he was lucky because he would never grow old and sick. He told Bassanio not to feel bad. Bassanio said he would do anything he could to save Antonio. He would die in his place or give up his wife if it could help Antonio.“ Let me hear the decision!” he shouted. Portia gave the decision. “One pound of the merchant s flesh is yours. It is what the contract says. You may take his flesh!”Shylock held his knife and told Antonio to get ready.“Wait!” exclaimed Portia. You will not do anything that is not written in the contract. Is that right, Shylock?”“Yes, that s right," said Shylock. He wondered what the wise young judge was going to say.“Well,” said the young judge," I have read the contract carefully, and it does not say anything about taking his blood. It says a pound of flesh. You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood. If you take any of his blood, the duke will t ake everything you own.”1. Choose the ways which Portia uses to advise Shylock to give up the contract.①advise him to have mercy ②ask Shylock for the doctor③ask Shylock if he had scales ④pay three times the moneyA.①②B.①④C. ③④D.①③2.What’s the real reason that Portia asked Shylock if he had brought a doctor with him?A. Because a doctor is needed anywhere.B. Because a doctor perhaps could stop Antonio from dying.C. Because a doctor would be able to help Antonio after Shylock had taken the pound of fleshD. Because she wanted him to accept one will not do anything that isn’t written in the contract.3. Which old saying is most suitable to describe the underlined sentences?A. If we have mercy, we will receive mercy.B. He wants to hurt others will hurt himself.C. Friends help each other asking for nothing in return.D. Never judge a book by cover.4. What is Portia like in this chapter?A. beautiful and cleverB. kind and cleverC. young and wiseD. clever and organized5.Which of the following we can infer according to the chapter?A. Portia was a clever man.B. Shylock would get Antonio’s fresh successfully.C. Shylock gave up the contract at last.D. Shylock had mercy on Antonio at last.首字母填空“You wanted justice,” Portia told Shylock, “and you will have it. You will have more justice than you wanted.”Shylock didn’t want to give everything he owned to the duke. He d 1 not to take his pound of flesh. He said he would take the money. “Give me n 2 thousand dollars," he said, and I will have mercy on the merchant and let him go. Bassanio was happy to give him the money.“Here it is,” he said. “I have it ready for you.” He was very p 3 that his friend Antonio would not die. Portia, h 4 , had more to say. “Wait!” she said aga in.“He does not want the money. It is not w 5 in the contract and he said that he would not do a 6 that was not written in the contract. Shylock, you can take your pound of flesh, just as the contract says. Why are you w 7 ?” she askedShylock said he just wanted to have his money b 8 .“Just give me the money I lent you. l won’ t even demand i 9 ” he said.He was beginning to feel sick. Bassanio was ready to give it to him, but again Portia stopped him.“He said in front of us all that he did not want the money. He wanted only the penalty that is in the contract.”Shylock understood that he would not get his p 10 of flesh. He understood that he would not get his money.答案完形填空：1-5 CADCA 6-10BBABB 11-15AABAA阅读理解：A篇DCBBB B篇BDCDC首字母填空：1.decided 2.ninety 3.pleased 4.however 5.written6.anything7.waiting8.back9.interest 10.pound。
干货整理：《威尼斯商人》名著导读+阅读训练题
干货整理：《威尼斯商人》名著导读+阅读训练题一堂作文课专注中小学生阅读和作文指导；关注回复「领取」千元资料免费领关注中小学名著阅读是语文考试中的必考题，今天送给大家一套由『一堂作文课』独家整理的《威尼斯商人》名著导读+阅读训练题，收藏下来好好练习吧！语林微信内容概述《威尼斯商人》的主要情节取材于古老传说。
剧情是通过三条线索展开的：一是鲍西娅选亲，巴萨尼奥选中铅匣子与鲍西娅结成眷属；二是夏洛克的女儿杰西卡与安东尼奥的友人罗伦佐的恋爱和私奔；三是威尼斯商人安东尼奥为了帮助巴萨尼奥成婚，向高利贷者犹太人夏洛克借款三千达克特而引起的“割一磅肉”的契约纠纷。
以第三条为主线，围绕要不要“照约执行处罚”展开戏剧冲突。
在全剧高潮“法庭断案”中，主要人物一一登场，矛盾冲突的双方激烈交锋并决定了胜负，人物的个性和全剧主题也得到充分展示。
这种冲突不仅是两个人的矛盾，而且是两种力量的较量。
人物形象阅读训练1．按课文填空。
①《威尼斯商人》选自《________》里的《威尼斯商人》第四幕第一场。
莎士比亚（1564～1616），文艺复兴时期________国杰出的戏剧家和诗人，主要作品有《李尔王》、《________》、《________》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。
《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚的著名________剧。
②不准流一滴血，________不准割得超过________不足一磅的重量，________你割下来的肉，比一磅略微轻一点________重一点，________相差只有一丝一毫，________仅仅一根汗毛之微，________要把你抵命。
2．简答题。
①夏洛克开始为了讨好鲍西娅，用了哪些动人的词语？其目的是什么？答：___________②鲍西娅对夏洛克是怎样智斗取胜的？答：___________3.下列句子加线词语使用恰当的是（）。
A、痛失参加决赛的资格使她哭得声色俱厉。
B、这次让人痛心疾首的事故本可以不发生的。
The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》 英语阅读训练
The Merchant of Venice (selection) 《威尼斯商人》(选段)Part A一、阅读理解Back in Venice, there was one very angry moneylender (放债人), Shylock. When he discovered his daughter, Jessica, had run away and taken money and jewels with her, he was furious. He tried to find her. Bassanio and Graziano were on the ship, and it had started to sail. Shylock wanted to stop the ship. He thought Jessica and Lorenzo might be on it, but it was too late. The ship had already gone. Antonio told Shylock that his daughter and her lover were not on it. Someone said they had gone away on a smaller boat, but nobody really knew where they were.Shylock ran through the streets of Venice looking for them. “My daughter, my money, my jewels! My money, my daughter, my jewels!” he shouted. “My jewels, my daughter, my money! My daughter stole my money! She stole my jewels! She ran away with a Christian! My money, my jewels, my daughter! We must find them!”All the little boys in Venice followed him and shouted, “My jewels, my daughter, my money!”Solanio heard them: He thought, “Antonio had better pay his debt on time, or he will pay for this. Shylock is very angry. He will take revenge (报复) if he can.”Far far away from Venice, in the sea between England and France, there was a big storm. A strong wind blew a heavy ship against the rocks. The ship and its cargo (货物) sank. Salerio was the first person in Venice to hear the news, when he met a Frenchman in a hotel. He hoped that it was not one of Antonio’s ships.1. Which of the following word has the similar meaning of the underlined word “furious”?A. Surprised.B. Disappointed.C. Angry.D. Frightened.2. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Antonio’s debt. B Shylock’s anger. C. Jessica’s lover. D Shylock’s money.3. What is the correct order of the story?①Salerio heard that a ship had sunk. ①Shylock ran through the streets screaming.①Shylock thought Jessica and Lorenzo were on Bassanio’s ship and wanted to stop it.①Jessica had run away with her father’s money and jewels.A. ①①①①B. ①①①①C. ①①①①D. ①①①①二、完形填空There was another rich man in Venice. His name was Shylock. He earned his money ___1___ lending money to other people and making them pay interest (利息). A lot of people ___2___ money from him.“Will you ___3___ lend us the money? ” Antonio asked Shylock.“ ___4___ should I? ” asked Shylock. “You often say bad words about me ___5___ the way I lend money. I ___6___ argue with you about it because I am a man who does not get ___7___ quickly. You call me names. You call me a dog. You spit on my clothes. Now you need my ___8___ , and you come to me and ask for money. I should tell you that a dog has no money. How ___9___ a dog lend you thirty thousand dollars? Or should I say ___10___ for spitting on my clothes? Should I say that ___11___ these kind acts I will be pleased to lend you thirty thousand dollars? ”“If you lend us this money,” pleaded (恳求) Antonio, “I will not call your names or spit on your clothes again. I am not asking you to lend us the money as if we were your friends. Lend it to us as if we were your enemies. Then if we cannot pay it back in time, you will feel even ___12___ about making us pay the penalty (惩罚).”Shylock pretended (假装) to be surprised. “Antonio, I want to be your ___13___ . I want to forget all the bad things you said to me. I want to help you. I won’t make you pay interest for the money I lend you. However, let’s ___14___ that if you do not pay me on time, you will give me one pound of your flesh (肉) from ___15___ I choose to take it. ”1. A. by B. for C. with D. through2. A. asked B took C. made D. borrowed3. A. also B. ever C. still D. already4. A. How B. Why C. What D. When5. A. by B. for C. in D. on6. A. usually B. seldom C. never D. sometimes7. A. angry B. excited C. worried D. frightened8. A. work B. help C. hope D. dream9. A. can B. must C. should D. would10. A. sorry B. come on C. thank you D. what a pity11. A. full of B. sure of C. instead of D. because of12. A. good B. fine C. better D. worse13. A. brothers B. friend C. partner D. neighbor14. A. advise B. agree C. allow D. suggest15. A. however B. whoever C. whatever D. wherever三、七选五Duke: Greetings, learned judge! I do not envy you your job. This is a most troublesome case.Portia: Greetings! ___1___ Are you Antonio, and is this your agreement with Shylock?Antonio: It is.Portia: Then Shylock must be merciful. He must have mercy on Antonio.Shylock: Why must I have mercy on him? Tell me that!Portia: ___2___ Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth. It blesses those who give it, and those who receive it. We should learn to show mercy to others. Do you still ask for this pound of flesh?Shylock: I ask for what is mine by law!Bassanio: I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed. Please change the law a little so that we may save Antonio. Portia: Use your head a little, sir! ___3___ If one law is changed, then people will later want to change other laws. Shylock: ___4___Portia: Let me see this agreement, this promise of Antonio to you.Shylock: Here it is.Portia: I see. According to the law, Shylock may have a pound of flesh to be cut off by him nearest to Antonio’s heart. ___5___ Let me destroy (撕毁) this paper—No? Then, Antonio, be ready. And Shylock, take your knife and prepare to do the deed.A. Who care?B. Be merciful.C. Oh, wise young judge!D. We cannot change a law.E. Mercy brings good.F. Please be seated.G. The honor is all mine, Your Grace.四、根据短文内容, 用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空, 使短文完整Bassanio ___1___ (reach) Belmont and went to visit Portia. Portia was very pleased ___2___ (see) him because she remembered him from his earlier visit. She was certain he would be brave enough ___3___ (choose) a box. She hoped he would be wise enough to choose the one with her picture in it. Bassanio loved Portia more than ever. He wanted to choose a box and marry ___4___ (she). However, Portia was now afraid that he would choose the wrong box. Then he would never be able to ___5___ (marry) her. At last, Portia took Bassanio to the three ___6___ (box) and told him the rules. Bassanio looked at the boxes, but he did not read the writing on them. He looked at the gold and silver, he didn’t want these ___7___ (beauty) boxes of gold and silver. He would choose the lead box with ___8___ (it) ordinary color. It spoke ___9___ (much) to me than all the gold and silver in the world. He went to the lead box and opened it. The writing inside the box told him that he had chosen the right box. It said that he should ___10___ (go) to Portia and look into her eyes. She would be his wife.Part B一、阅读理解Portia gave the decision. “One pound of the merchant’s flesh is yours. It is what the contract (合同) says. You may take his flesh! ”Shylock held his knife and told Antonio to get ready. “Wait!” exclaimed Portia. “You will not do anything that is not written in the contract. Is that right, Shylock? ”“Yes, that’s right,” said Shylock. He wondered what the wise young judge was going to say.“Well,” said the young judge, “I have read the contract carefully, and it does not say anything about taking his blood. It says ‘a pound of flesh’. You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood. If you take any of hisblood, the duke (公爵) will take everything you own!”Now it was Graziano’s turn to bless the judge and call him wise.“You wanted justice,” Portia told Shylock, “and you will have more justice than you wanted.”Shylock didn’t want to give everything he owned to the duke. He decided not to take his pound of flesh. He said he would take the money.“Give me ninety thousand dollars,” he said, “and I will have mercy on Antonio and let him go.”Bassanio was happy to give him the money. He was very pleased that his friend Antonio would not die.“Wait!” Portia said again. “He does not want the money. It is not written in the contract.”But Shylock said he just wanted to have his money back and wouldn’t even demand (要求) interest (利息). Bassanio was ready to give it to him, but again Portia stopped him.“He said he wanted only the penalty (惩罚) that is in the contract.”Shylock understood that he would not get his pound of flesh. He understood that he would not get his money. He decided to go home.“Wait!” said Portia, for the third time. “The law of Venice, says that if you plan to kill a citizen of Venice, you will lose everything that you own. Half of what you have will belong to the person you tried to kill, and the other half will belong to the duke.”1. Who was the young judge?A. Graziano.B. Bassanio.C. Portia.D. The duke.2. What kind of person do you think Shylock is according to the passage?A. Brave and clever.B. Cold-hearted and selfish.C. Generous and patient.D. Helpful and warm-hearted.3. Why did Shylock give up taking a pound of flesh at last?A. Because Antonio’s ships sunk and Shylock had mercy on him.B. Because Shylock thought that a pound of flesh was worth nothing.C. Because Antonio gave Shylock ninety thousand dollars.D. Because Shylock couldn’t take a pound of flesh without any blood.4. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?A. Shylock was stopped taking money from Bassanio three times.B. Shylock would have his money back without interest.C. Shylock lost everything for planning to kill a citizen of Venice.D. Shylock would give everything that he owned to the duke.二、完形填空Shylock and Lancelot came out of Shylock's house ___1___ . Shylock shook his head. “Well, you will see,” he said. “Your eyes will be the judge as to the difference between Old Shylock and Bassanio.” He ___2___ impatiently to the open door. “Jessica!” he called. “You won't stuff yourself as you've done with me. What, Jessica!” He called more insistently(坚持地), “What, Jessica, I say!” He was ___3___ a ring of ___4___ and he rattled(咯咯作响) them impatiently.Lancelot placed his hands around ___5___ mouth. “Jessica!” he shouted.“Who told you to call? ” said Shylock, ___6___ . “I didn't tell you ___7___ call!”“Your worship always said that I never did anything without being told to,” said Lancelot.Jessica came out to them, “Did you call? What do you want? ”“I've been ___8___ to dinner, Jessica.” said Shylock. “Here are my keys. I don't know why I'm going, though. I haven't been invited out of love. They’re flattering me. But still, I'll go in hatred(仇恨), to eat the wasteful Christian's ___9___ . Jessica, my girl, look after my house.I really don't want to go. I feel that something bad is going to happen because I dreamt of moneybags last night.”“I beg of you, go.” said Lancelot. “My young master is looking forward ___10___ your bad temper(脾气).”“As I am his,” snapped (怒气冲冲) Shylock.“And they've planned something together. I won't exactly go as far as to say that you'll ___11___ a masque(化装舞会)...” Lancelot gave him a big wink(眨眼), “...but if you do it wasn't for nothing that my nose bled on last Black Monday, ___12___ six o’clock in the morning, when it occurred that year ___13___ Ash Wednesday...”“What! Are there going to be masques? Listen ___14___ me, Jessica. Lock my doors. And when you hear the drum andthe curved fife, don’t climb ___15___ to the window and thrust (插) your head out into the street to stare at the Christian fools with their painted masks. Go ahead of me, you, and tell them I’m coming.”1. A. all B. To C. from D. together2. A turned B. left C. jumped D. closed3. A. held B holds C. holding D. hold4. A. keys B. it C. key D. lock5. A. her B. my C. it D. his6. A. happily B. surprisingly C. angrily D. excitedly7. A. to B. for C. in D. from8. A. invited B. inviting C. invites D. invite9. A. drink B. sound C. food D. air10. A. for B. in C. from D. to11. A. leave B. see C. close D. be12. A. in B. from C. at D. on13. A. on B. at C. in D. from14. A. from B. in C. to D. at15. A. on B. up C. above D. down三、七选五Duke: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter (严酷的).Shylock: I’ve promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. ___1___ . Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.Bassanio: Do all men kill the things they do not love?Antonio: It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. ___2___ Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants.Bassanio: I’ll pay you six thousand ducats (达克特币) for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed.Shylock: If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. ___3___Duke: Let us be calm, gentlemen. Shylock, how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?Shylock: I have done nothing wrong and I fear no judgement. I desire my pound of flesh.As the Duke is wondering what to do, Nerissa, dressed like a lawyer’s clerk, arrives with a letter from the famous lawyer whom Portia has visited. While the Duke is talking to Nerissa, Shylock gets ready to cut his pound of flesh from Antonio.___4___ “I am very ill, when your letter reached me. ___5___ I told him about the quarrel (争论) between Shylock and Antonio, We studied many law books and he knows what I would say. I ask you to let him stand in my place and give judgement. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.”After the letter has been read out to the court, Portia, in lawyer’s clothes, enters the room and takes her seat as judge.A. I had with me a learned young doctor from Rome.B. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost.C. Justice is all I want.D. Don’t wait any longer.E. Give me my pound of flesh!F. Then the letter is read out for all in the court to hear.G. How can a proud man like me give up his words?四、根据短文内容, 用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空, 使短文完整Antonio gave up the fight against Shylock. He wanted the judge to give his ___1___ (decide).So the judge told him ___2___ (take) off his shirt, and prepare his body for Shylock’s knife.The judge asked Shylock if he had scales ready to weigh the flesh. Shylock said “yes”. Then the judge asked him if he had brought a doctor with ___3___ (he). Shylock said it was not in the contract, so he hadn’t brought one to help Antonio. “You can’t make me ___4___ (do) it unless it is in the contract,” he reasoned.The judge asked Antonio if he wanted to say anything. Antonio just wanted to say goodbye to Bassanio and ask him to tell Portia that he was a good friend.Bassanio said he would do anything he could to save Antonio. He would ___5___ (die) in his place or give up his wife if it could help Antonio. Gratiano said the same thing. Shylock thought they were not good ___6___ (husband).The judge said to Shylock, “One pound of the merchant’s flesh is yours! You may take his flesh!” Shylock held his knife.“Wait!” shouted the judge. “You won’t do ___7___ (something) that is not written in the contract. Is it right, Shylock? ”“Yes, that’s right,” said Shylock. He wondered what the judge was going to say.“Well,” said the judge, “I have read the contract ___8___ (careful). It says ‘a pound of flesh.’ You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood. If you take any of his blood, the duke ___9___ (take) everything you own.”“You wanted justice (公正),” the judge told Shylock, "and you will have it. You will have ___10___ (much) justice than you wanted.”The Merchant of Venice (selection)《威尼斯商人》(选段)Part A一、1-3 CAC二、1-5 ADCBB6-10 CABAC11-15 DCBBD三、1-5 FEDCB四、1. reached2. to see3. to choose4. her5. marry6. boxes7. beautiful8. its9. more 10. goPart B一、1-4 CBDC二、1-5 DACAD6-10 CAACD11-15 BCACB三、1-5 BDEFA四、1. decision2. to take3. him4. do5. die6. husbands7. anything8. carefully9. will take 10. more。
《威尼斯商人》阅读练习
一、基础知识：cè（）隐huò（）免告bǐng（）pǐ（）性chái（）狼guì（）子手páo（）代鸡（）不宁心如铁（）（）之死地一（）空文万（）不赦少年（）成（）然生畏有例可（）中流（）柱二、课内阅读：[鲍西娅扮律师上……公爵安东尼奥，夏洛克，你们两人都上来。
鲍西娅你的名字就叫夏洛克吗？夏洛克夏洛克是我的名字。
鲍西娅你这场官司打得倒也奇怪，可是按照威尼斯的法律，你的控诉是可以成立的。
（向安东尼奥）你的生死现在操纵在他的手里，是不是？……鲍西娅那么，犹太人应该慈悲一点。
夏洛克为什么我应该慈悲一点？把你的理由告诉我。
鲍西娅慈悲不是出于勉强，它是像甘霖一样从天上降下尘世。
它不但给幸福于受施的人，也同样给幸福于施与的人。
它有超乎一切的无上威力，比皇冠更足以显出一个帝王的高贵：御杖不过象征着俗世的威权，使人民对于君上的尊严凛然生畏；慈悲的力量却高出于权力之上，它深藏在帝王的内心，是一种属于上帝的德性，……可是如果你坚持着原来的要求，那么威尼斯的法庭是执法无私的，只好把那商人宣判定罪了。
夏洛克a我自己做的事，我自己当！我只要求法律允许我照约执行处罚。
……鲍西娅那可不行，在威尼斯谁也没有权力变更既成的法律；要是开了这一个恶例，以后谁都可以借口有例可援，什么坏事情都可以干了。
这是不行的。
夏洛克一个但尼尔来做法官了!真的是但尼尔再世!聪明的青年法官啊，我真佩服你!……安东尼奥我也诚心请求堂上从速宣判。
鲍西娅好，那么就是这样：你必须准备让他的刀子刺进你的胸膛。
夏洛克啊，尊严的法官!好一位优秀的青年！鲍西娅夏洛克，去请一位外科医生来替他堵住伤口，费用归你负担，免得他流血而死。
夏洛克约上有这样的规定吗？鲍西娅约上并没有这样的规定；可是那又有什么相干你？肯做一件好事总是好的。
夏洛克我找不到，约上没有这一条。
……鲍西娅别忙！这犹太人必须得到绝对的公道。
别忙！他除了照约处罚以外，不能接受其他的赔偿。
九年级威尼斯商人练习题
九年级威尼斯商人练习题《威尼斯商人》是英国剧作家威廉·莎士比亚创作的一部具有讽刺性的喜剧。
这部作品以其丰富的人物形象、复杂的情节和深刻的主题，成为了文学史上的经典之作。
对于九年级的学生来说，通过相关练习题来深入理解这部作品是非常有必要的。
一、文学常识1、作者简介威廉·莎士比亚（1564 年 4 月 23 日—1616 年 4 月 23 日），英国文艺复兴时期剧作家、诗人。
他被誉为“英国戏剧之父”，其作品包括喜剧、悲剧、历史剧等多种类型。
代表作品有《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》等。
2、作品背景《威尼斯商人》创作于 16 世纪末，当时的英国正处于资本主义经济迅速发展的时期。
商业活动日益繁荣，商人的地位逐渐提高，但同时也存在着各种社会矛盾和道德问题。
这部作品通过对威尼斯商人之间的商业纠纷和人性考验的描写，反映了当时的社会现实。
3、作品主题（1）批判了资本主义早期商业资产阶级的贪婪和残忍。
（2）歌颂了仁爱、友谊和爱情的美好。
（3）揭示了宗教和法律的虚伪。
二、人物形象1、夏洛克夏洛克是一个贪婪、残忍、固执的犹太商人形象。
他一心想要从安东尼奥身上割下一磅肉来报复，反映了他强烈的复仇心理和对金钱的极度渴望。
但同时，他也是一个受到社会歧视和压迫的受害者，他的行为在一定程度上也是对社会不公的反抗。
2、安东尼奥安东尼奥是一个正直、善良、慷慨的商人。
他为了帮助朋友巴萨尼奥向鲍西娅求婚，不惜向夏洛克借债。
他对朋友的忠诚和无私的帮助，展现了他高尚的品德。
3、鲍西娅鲍西娅是一个聪明、机智、勇敢的女性形象。
她在法庭上巧妙地运用法律知识和智慧，成功地帮助安东尼奥摆脱了夏洛克的迫害，展现了女性的智慧和力量。
三、情节分析1、故事的开端安东尼奥为了帮助朋友巴萨尼奥向鲍西娅求婚，向夏洛克借了三千块钱。
夏洛克因为安东尼奥曾经侮辱过他，借机与安东尼奥签订了一份契约，如果安东尼奥不能按时还款，就要从他身上割下一磅肉。
《威尼斯商人》练习题
《威尼斯商人》（节选）练习题一、积累与运用1．根据拼音写汉字，给加点字注音。
（1）告禀．（）凛．然（）（2）qiān（）署鉴．定（）釜．（）底抽薪（3）万恶不赦．（）羞nǎn（） hèhè（）有名2. 根据括号中的解释写出词语。
（1）到了最后关头，就会显出你的仁慈（对受苦难的人表示同情）来，比你现在这种表面上的残酷更加出人意料。
（2）要是开了这一个恶例，以后谁都可以借口（有先例可参照），什么坏事情都可以干了。
（3）不愧是法律界的（比喻坚强的、能起支柱作用的人或集体）3.填空。
（1）《威尼斯商人》作者是欧洲文艺复兴时期国（人名），其“四大悲剧”为、、和。
（2）在世界文学名著中，有四个著名的吝啬鬼，除了本文中的夏洛克外，还有法国戏剧家莫里哀笔下的，法国小说家巴尔扎克笔下的，俄国作家果戈里笔下的。
4. 仿照下面示例，从“帮助”“理解”或者“宽容”三个词语中任选一个进行仿写。
示例：慈悲不是出于勉强，它像甘霖一样从天下降下尘世；它不但给幸福于受施的人，也同样给幸福于施与的人。
仿写：。
二、阅读理解（一）阅读《威尼斯商人》选段，回答后面问题。
威尼斯商人（节选）鲍西娅那商人身上的一磅肉是你的；法庭判给你，法律许可你。
夏洛克公平正直的法官！鲍西娅你必须从他的胸前割下这磅肉来；法律许可你，法庭判给你。
夏洛克博学多才的法官！判得好！来，预备！鲍西娅且慢，还有别的话哩。
这约上并没有允许你取他的一滴血，只是写明着“一磅肉”；所以你可以照约拿一磅肉去，可是在割肉的时候，要是流下一滴基督徒的血，你的土地财产，按照威尼斯的法律，就要全部充公。
葛莱西安诺啊，公平正直的法官！听着，犹太人；啊，博学多才的法官！夏洛克法律上是这样说的吗？鲍西娅你自己可以去查查明白。
既然你要求公道，我就给你公道，而且比你所要求的更地道。
葛莱西安诺啊，博学多才的法官！听着，犹太人；好一个博学多才的法官！夏洛克那么我愿意接受还款；照约上的数目三倍还我，放了那基督徒。
《威尼斯商人》 阅读附答案
《威尼斯商人》阅读附答案夏洛克不，把我的生命连着财产一起拿了去吧，我不要你们的宽恕。
【A】你们拿掉了支撑房子的柱子，就是拆了我的房子；你们夺去了我的养家活命的根本，就是活活要了我的命。
鲍西娅安东尼奥，你能不能够给他一点慈悲？葛莱西安诺白送给他一根上吊的绳子吧；看在上帝的面上，不要给他别的东西！安东尼奥要是殿下和堂上愿意从宽发落，免予没收他的财产的一半，我就十分满足了；只要他能够让我接管他的另外一半的财产，等他死了以后，把它交给最近和他的女儿私奔的那位绅士；可是还要有两个附带的条件：第一，他接受了这样的恩典，必须立刻改信基督教；第二，他必须当庭写下一张文契，声明他死了以后，他的全部财产传给他的女婿罗兰佐和他的女儿。
公爵他必须履行这两个条件，否则我就撤销刚才所宣布的赦令。
鲍西娅犹太人，你满意吗？你有什么话说？夏洛克我满意。
鲍西娅书记，写下一张授赠产业的文契。
夏洛克请你们允许我退庭，我身子不大舒服。
文契写好了送到我家里，我在上面签名就是了。
公爵去吧，可是临时变卦是不成的。
葛莱西安诺你在受洗礼的时候，可以有两个教父；要是我做了法官，我一定给你请十二个教父，不是领你去受洗，是送你上绞架。
（夏洛克下。
）公爵先生，我想请您到舍间去用餐。
鲍西娅请殿下多多原谅，我今天晚上要回帕度亚去，必须现在就动身，恕不奉陪了。
公爵您这样贵忙，不能容我略尽寸心，真是抱歉得很。
安东尼奥，谢谢这位先生，你这回全亏了他。
（公爵、众士绅及侍从等下。
）巴萨尼奥最可尊敬的先生，我跟我这位敝友今天多赖您的智慧，免去了一场无妄之灾；为了表示我们的敬意，这三千块钱本来是预备还那犹太人的，现在就奉送给先生，聊以报答您的辛苦。
安东尼奥您的大恩大德，我们是永远不忘记的。
鲍西娅一个人做了心安理得的事，就是得到了最大的酬报；我这次帮两位的忙，总算没有失败，已经引为十分满足，用不着再谈什么酬谢了。
但愿咱们下次见面的时候，两位仍旧认识我。
现在我就此告辞了。
巴萨尼奥好先生，我不能不再向您提出一个请求，请您随便从我们身上拿些什么东西去，不算是酬谢，只算是留个纪念。
九年级英语课外阅读练习《威尼斯商人》
《威尼斯商人》一、故事梗概：年轻貌美的富家女子鲍西亚，按照她父亲的遗嘱，得到了金、银、铅三个盒子。
其中一个盒子里面装着她的画像，如果哪位先生选择了正确的盒子，那么她将嫁给那个男人。
于是，求婚者从世界的四面八方赶来，有一位名叫巴萨尼奥的年轻人，他下定决心要赢得鲍西亚。
但是，要想达成这个愿望，得准备一笔不小的费用。
于是，他向富有的威尼斯商人安东尼奥求助，希望这位好友能借给他3000块钱。
不巧，安东尼奥的钱都投入到了海上贸易，一时拿不出那么多钱。
但安东尼奥是位非常看重友情的基督徒。
他立定心志要成全朋友的美事，以自己的信用为担保，替朋友借债。
因此，高利贷夏洛克便成了安东尼奥的债主。
借债时双方约定：“三个月为期限，到期不还，由债权人在债务人身上割一磅肉作为处罚。
”结果，安东尼奥的海上贸易受阻，未能按期还款。
于是夏洛克要求法庭准许他按照契约约定割下安东尼奥身上的一磅肉。
高利贷夏洛克认为订立的契约就必须守约，谁也不能违背或改变。
因此，夏洛克一定要按照约定割一磅肉。
他在法庭上对法官说：“我的要求是合理的。
您要是拒绝了我，那么你们的法律就见鬼去吧！”对此，作为被告的威尼斯商人安东尼奥心里也清楚，法官不能变更法律的规定。
夏洛克的要求非常过分，但在场的所有人员也必须得承认：“在威尼斯谁也没有权力变更既成的法律。
”合同必须信守，安东尼奥必须履行自己的诺言。
契约虽然残忍，但是，在商贸非常发达威尼斯，社会成员都按契约办事，并不考虑其他非法律、非契约手段。
面对这一磅肉的事实，固守契约似乎违反了人情，如果尊重人情，似乎又蔑视了契约。
在人情和契约之间，法庭还是选择了契约。
到最后关头，夏洛克还是放下了屠刀。
让他改变主意的，并不是谁的哀求,也不是良心反悔，仍然是契约。
当初，安东尼奥和夏洛克签订契约时，只规定了一磅肉，只字未提因割肉而流出来的血。
法官抓住这一疏忽，要求夏洛克在割肉的时候，不能让安东尼奥流下一滴神圣的鲜血，否则就是违约。
威尼斯商人考试题目
威尼斯商人考试题目
一、填空题（每空2分，共20分）
1. 在莎士比亚的戏剧《威尼斯商人》中，安东尼奥因何原因而向夏洛
克借款？
2. 鲍西娅在法庭上以何种身份出现，成功帮助了安东尼奥？
3. 夏洛克要求的一磅肉，最终因为什么条件而无法得到？
4. 巴萨尼奥在贝尔蒙特的盒子选择中，最终选择了哪个颜色的盒子？
5. 莎士比亚通过《威尼斯商人》这部作品，主要探讨了哪些主题？
二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）
1. 描述《威尼斯商人》中安东尼奥与夏洛克之间的债务关系，并分析
这种关系对剧情发展的影响。
2. 简述鲍西娅在法庭上如何巧妙地利用法律条文，使夏洛克无法得到
安东尼奥的一磅肉。
3. 分析《威尼斯商人》中巴萨尼奥与波西亚的关系，以及这段关系如
何体现了莎士比亚对爱情和婚姻的看法。
三、论述题（每题25分，共50分）
1. 论述《威尼斯商人》中夏洛克的形象及其在整部剧中的作用，探讨
莎士比亚是如何通过夏洛克这一角色来反映当时社会对犹太人的态度。
2. 分析《威尼斯商人》中的主要冲突，并讨论这些冲突如何体现了莎
士比亚对人性、正义和法律的深刻洞察。
同时，探讨这些冲突如何影
响剧中人物的命运和故事的最终结局。
《威尼斯商人》阅读练习题
文段阅读巴萨尼奥：初次的冒犯，不应该就引为仇恨。
夏洛克：什么！你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？安东尼奥：请你想一想，你现在跟这个犹太人讲理，就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出谡谡的声音。
要是你能够叫这个犹太人的心变软——世上还有什么东西比它更硬呢？——那么还有什么难事不可以做到？所以我请你不用再跟他商量什么条件，也不用替我想什么办法，让我爽爽快快受到判决，满足这犹太人的心愿吧。
巴萨尼奥：借了你三千块钱，现在拿六千块钱还你好不好？夏洛克：即使这六千块钱中间的每一块钱都可以分做六份，每一份都可以变成一块钱，我也不要它们；我只要照约处罚。
公爵：你这样一点没有慈悲之心，将来怎么能够希望人家对你慈悲呢？夏洛克：我又不干错事，怕什么刑罚？你们买了许多奴隶，把他们当作驴狗骡马一样看待，叫他们做种种卑贱的工作，因为他们是你们出钱买来的。
我可不可以对你们说，让他们自由，叫他们跟你们的子女结婚？为什么他们要在重担之下流着血汗？让他们的床铺得跟你们的床同样柔软，让他们的舌头也尝尝你们所吃的东西吧，你们会回答说：“这些奴隶是我们所有的。
”所以我也可以回答你们：我向他要求的这一磅肉，是我出了很大的代价买来的；它是属于我的，我一定要把它拿到手里。
您要是拒绝了我，那么你们的法律去见鬼吧！威尼斯城的法令等于一纸空文。
我现在等候着判决，请快些回答我，我可不可以拿到这一磅肉？1、上述文段选自名着《》，作者是国作家。
2、夏洛克说：“你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？”中“毒蛇”比喻谁？这句话表达了他怎样的思想感情？3、安东尼奥认为跟夏洛克讲理“就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出谡谡的声音。
”试赏析这段台词的语言特点。
4、当巴萨尼奥提出加倍偿还借款的建议时，贪婪、爱财如命的夏洛克为什么反而坚持“照约处罚”呢？5、当公爵要求夏洛克有“慈悲之心”时，夏洛克是如何回答公爵的责问的？这个回答又表达了夏洛克怎样的情感？文段阅读鲍西娅：你这场官司打得倒也奇怪，可是按照威尼斯的法律，你的控诉是可以成立的。
威尼斯商人答案
(五)法庭审理（2） 1.反映了作者对基督教的文化教义的认同，也 正是由于吸收了基督教的博爱精神，莎士比亚 的人文主义思想才具有了理想主义的色彩。在 作品中，作者通过鲍西娅对“仁慈”的简述， 也同样体现了作者对基督教“博爱”精神的肯 定和赞颂。 2.鲍西娅博学细心、精明能干、足智多谋，从慷慨大方，从 将夏洛克的财产转赠给自己好友，即夏洛克的 女婿可见。
3.示例：对孩子过分的控制势必导致孩子的反 叛，夏洛克对女儿的严格掌控，导致女儿携款 私奔；重利轻情的人最终会逐渐众叛亲离；处 心积算计别人的人，到头来常常会被别人算计， 夏洛克总想报仇，结果落得人财两空的可悲结 局。（言之有理即可。）
4.《威尼斯商人》语言既个性化而又丰富多彩、 生动形象、精练优美，喜剧气氛很浓。如选段 中萨莱尼奥的叙说幽默诙谐，充满戏剧风格。 全剧人物，个性鲜明。如选段中夏洛克诅咒让 他的女儿下地狱，死在自己的脚下突出表现了 夏洛克残酷无情的性格
（二）真挚爱情、奇怪的契约 1.安东尼奥向夏洛克借款期为三个月，如果到 约定时间安东尼奥未能按约还款，就得随夏洛 克的意思，在安东尼奥身上的任何部分割下整 整一磅肉，作为处罚。 2.夏洛克：阴险狡诈，残忍狠毒，从处心积虑 地借高利贷给安东尼奥并想置身安东尼奥于死 地可见。 安东尼奥：重视友情，慷慨豪爽，重情轻利， 侠义自信。从自己没有现钱，竟然肯以自己的 名义向自己不喜欢的人借高利贷，还签下不合 理的契约等情节可见。
《威尼斯商人》试卷
一威尼斯商人（节选）莎士比亚班别______ 座号_______ 姓名__________ 得分__________一、基础知识（24分）1．解释下面词语。
（6分）①恻隐：对受苦难的人表示同情；心中不忍。
②凛然：恐惧、畏惧。
③万恶不赦：罪恶多端不可饶恕。
万恶：本意是犯了上万个错误，这里指罪恶非常多。
赦：赦免，饶恕。
④中流砥柱：比喻坚强而能起支柱作用的人或集体。
⑤豁免：免除。
⑥安息日：休息，停止工作。
2．按课文填空。
（12分）①《威尼斯商人》选自《莎士比亚全集》(人民文学出版社1994年版)里的《威尼斯商人》第四幕第一场。
莎士比亚（1564—1616），文学复兴时期英国杰出的戏剧家和诗人，主要作品有《李尔王》、《哈姆莱特》、《奥赛罗》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。
《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚的著名喜剧。
②不准流一滴血，也不准割得超过或是不足一磅的重量；要是你割下来的肉，比一磅略微轻一点或是重一点，即使相差只有一丝一毫，或者仅仅一根汗毛之微，就要把你抵命。
3．简答题。
（6分）①夏洛克开始为了讨好鲍西娅，用了哪些动人的词语？其目的是什么？答：他称呼鲍西娅是“聪明正直的法官”、“法律界的中流砥柱”、“尊严的法官”、“优秀的青年”、“公平正直的法官”、“博学多才的法官”等。
夏洛克极力奉鲍西娅，目的是为了让鲍判决割安东尼奥胸口的肉。
可见他是极其狡猾阴险的。
②鲍西娅对夏洛克是怎样智斗取胜的？答：鲍西娅从人道主义出发，有理、有利、有节地进行斗争。
在策略上，她欲擒故纵，以退为进，以其人之道还治其人之身，根据契约依法挫败夏洛克，致使夏洛克作法自毙。
二、课内阅读（58分）（一）（公爵、众绅士、安东尼奥、巴萨尼奥、葛莱西安诺、萨拉里诺、萨莱尼奥及余人等同上。
）公爵安东尼奥有没有来？安东尼奥有，殿下。
公爵我很为你不快乐；你是来跟一个心如铁石的对手当庭质对，一个不懂得怜悯、没有一些慈悲心的不近人情的恶汉。
安东尼奥听说殿下曾经用尽力量劝他不要过为已甚，可是他一味坚执，不肯略作让步。
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文段阅读
巴萨尼奥：初次的冒犯，不应该就引为仇恨。
夏洛克：什么！你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？
安东尼奥：请你想一想，你现在跟这个犹太人讲理，就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出谡谡的声音。
要是你能够叫这个犹太人的心变软——世上还有什么东西比它更硬呢？——那么还有什么难事不可以做到？所以我请你不用再跟他商量什么条件，也不用替我想什么办法，让我爽爽快快受到判决，满足这犹太人的心愿吧。
巴萨尼奥：借了你三千块钱，现在拿六千块钱还你好不好？
夏洛克：即使这六千块钱中间的每一块钱都可以分做六份，每一份都可以变成一块钱，我也不要它们；我只要照约处罚。
公爵：你这样一点没有慈悲之心，将来怎么能够希望人家对你慈悲呢？
夏洛克：我又不干错事，怕什么刑罚？你们买了许多奴隶，把他们当作驴狗骡马一样看待，叫他们做种种卑贱的工作，因为他们是你们出钱买来的。
我可不可以对你们说，让他们自由，叫他们跟你们的子女结婚？为什么他们要在重担之下流着血汗？让他们的床铺得跟你们的床同样柔软，让他们的舌头也尝尝你们所吃的东西吧，你们会回答说：“这些奴隶是我们所有的。
”所以我也可以回答你们：我向他要求的这一磅肉，是我出了很大的代价买来的；它是属于我的，我一定要把它拿到手里。
您要是拒绝了我，那么你们的法律去见鬼吧！威尼斯城的法令等于一纸空文。
我现在等候着判决，请快些回答我，我可不可以拿到这一磅肉？
1、上述文段选自名着《》，作者是国作家。
2、夏洛克说：“你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？”中“毒蛇”比喻谁？这句话表达了他怎样的思想感情？
3、安东尼奥认为跟夏洛克讲理“就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出谡谡的声音。
”试赏析这段台词的语言特点。
4、当巴萨尼奥提出加倍偿还借款的建议时，贪婪、爱财如命的夏洛克为什么反而坚持“照约处罚”呢？
5、当公爵要求夏洛克有“慈悲之心”时，夏洛克是如何回答公爵的责问的？这个回答又表达了夏洛克怎样的情感？
文段阅读
鲍西娅：你这场官司打得倒也奇怪，可是按照威尼斯的法律，你的控诉是可以成立的。
(向安东尼奥)你的生死现在操在他的手里，是不是?
安东尼奥：他是这样说的。
鲍西娅：你承认这借约吗?
安东尼奥：我承认。
鲍西娅：那么犹太人应该慈悲一点。
夏洛克：为什么我应该慈悲一点?把您的理由告诉我。
鲍西娅：慈悲不是出于勉强，它像甘霖一样从天上降下尘世；它不但给幸福于受施的人，也同样给幸福于施与的人；它有超乎一切的无上威力，比皇冠更足以显出一个帝王的高贵：御杖不过象征着俗世的威权，使人民对于君上的尊严凛然生畏；慈悲的力量却高于权力之上，它深藏在帝王的内心，是一种上帝的德行，执法的人倘能把慈悲调剂着公道，人间的权力就和上帝的神力没有差别。
所以，犹太人，虽然你所要求的是公道，可是请你想一想，要是真的按照公道执行起赏罚来，谁也没有死后得救的希望；我们既然祈祷着上帝的慈悲，就应该按照祈祷的指点，自己做一些慈悲的事。
我说了这一番话，为的是希望你能够从你的法律的立场上作几分让步；可是如果你坚持着原来的要求，那么威尼斯的法庭是执法无私的，只好把那商人宣判定罪了。
夏洛克：我自己做的事，我自己当!我只要求法律允许我照约执行处罚。
1、鲍西娅对夏洛克抱有希望吗?她为什么要这样做?
2、鲍西娅劝夏洛克发慈悲，指的是
3、鲍西娅为什么强调慈悲?因为
4、作者在公爵劝说无效之后又通过鲍西亚来劝说，这对刻画夏洛克有什么作用?
5、联系全文，说说文中划线句的潜台词是什么?
6、说说莎士比亚戏剧冲突的设计对表现戏剧情节的作用。
7、“慈悲不是出于勉强”这段话在语言上有什么特点?
文段参考答案
1、《威尼斯商人》，英，莎士比亚。
2、比喻安东尼奥。
表达了他作为高利贷者对借钱给人从不要利息的商人安东尼奥的极度仇恨，和不顾一切实施报复的决心。
3、大量运用了比喻句，让语言更加生动形象。
安东尼奥连续用三个比喻句来强调突出了夏洛克的残忍之心是无法改变的。
4、因为夏洛克对于安东尼奥抱着久积的仇恨和深刻的反感，他与安东尼奥既有根本的经济利益的冲突，也有民族和宗教矛盾，因此他不惜金钱，不顾一切置对方于死地。
在这场法庭诉讼中又表现为一个偏执、阴险、冷酷、残忍的复仇者。
5、夏洛克用“你们买了许多奴隶，把他们当作驴狗骡马一样看待”作类比，说明自己“拿这一磅肉”的合理性，以其人之道还治其人之身。
表达了他对上层人统
治下的奴隶同病相怜和对自己处于被歧视地位的强烈不满和仇恨之情。
文段参考答案
1、不抱希望。
她的目的是欲擒故纵，因为在出场前已掌握全部案情，对处理事情胸有成竹。
2、鲍西亚是希望夏洛克能够从他的法律的立场上作几分让步。
3、鲍西亚认为慈悲就是给幸福于受施的人，也是给幸福于施与的人，它有超乎一切的无上威力，比皇冠更足以显出一个帝王的高贵。
4、这样的描写是为了对夏洛克人性的进行反复揭露，使人们进一步看清他偏执、复仇心重、冷酷无情的本质。
5、暗示夏洛克别后悔。
6、巧妙地进行了戏剧的冲突设计，大开大合，起落有序，使得戏剧情节生动丰富，引人入胜。
7、诗与哲理的结合，含义隽永（言辞、诗文或其他事物意味深长，引人入胜）。