2018年6月英语六级听力原文
2018年6月英语听力听力原文(两套全)
201806CET6（1）长对话1：西班牙蔬菜汤M: What’s all that? Are you going to make a salad?W: No, I’m going to make a gazpacho.M: What’s that?W: Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly vegetables. I guess you can call it a liquid salad.M: Cold soup? Sounds weird.W: It’s delicious. Trust me! I tried it for the first time during my summer vacation in Spain. You see, in the south of Spain, it gets very hot and summer, up to 42 degrees Celsius, so a cold gazpacho is very refreshing. The main ingredients are tomato, cucumber, bell peppers, olive oil and stale bread.M: Stale bread? Surely you mean bread for dipping into the soup.W: No. bread is crushed and blended in, like everything else. It adds texture and thickness to the soup.M: um…and is it healthy?W: Sure. As I said earlier, it’s mostly vegetables. You can also add different things if you like such as half-boiled eggs or cured ham.M: Cured ham? What’s that?W: That’s another Spanish delicacy. Have you never heard of it? It’s quite famous.M: No. Is it good too?W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and salty. And it is very expensive because it comes from a special type of pig that only eats a special type of food. The ham is covered in salt to dry and preserve it, and left hung for up to two years. It has a very distinct favor.M: um, sounds interesting. Where can I find some?W: It used to be difficult to get Spanish produce here, but it's now a lot more common. Most large supermarket chains have cured ham in little packets. But in Spain, you can buy a whole leg.M: A whole pig leg? Why would anybody want so much ham?W: In Spain, many people buy a whole leg for special group events such as Christmas. They cut it themselves into very thin slices with a long flat knife.Q1 What do we learn about gazpacho?Q2 For what purpose is stale bread mixed into gazpacho?Q3 Why does the woman think gazpacho is healthy?Q4 what does the women say about cured ham?1 A It is a Spanish soup2 C To make it thicker3 B It is mainly made of vegetables4 D It comes from a special kind of pig长对话2：买酒送上司M: Hello, I wish to buy a bottle of wine.W: Hi, yes. What kind of wine would you like?M: I don’t know. Sorry, I don’t know much about wine.W: That’s no problem at all. What’s the occasion and how much would you like to spend?M: It’s for my boss. It’s his birthday. I know he likes wine but I don’t know what type. I also did not want anything too expensive. Maybe middle range. How much would you say is a middle range bottle of a wine approximately?W: Well, it varies greatly. Our lowest prices are around 60 dollars a bottle but those are table wines. They are not very special and I would not suggest them as a gift. On the other hand, our most expensive bottles are over a hundred and fifty dollars. If you are looking for something priced in the middle, I would say anything between 30 dollars and 60 dollars would make a decent gift. How does that sound?M: um, yeah. I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or 40 would be good. Which type wouldyou recommend?W: I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally more popular than whites and can usually be paired with food more easily. Our specialty here are Italian wines and these tend to be fruity with medium acidity. This one here is a Chianti which is perhaps Italy's most famous type of red wine. Alternatively, you may wish to try and surprise your boss with something less common such as this Zinfandel. The grapes are originally native to Croatia, but this winery is in eastern Italy. And it has more spicy and peppery flavor. So, to summarize, the Chianti is more classical and Zinfandel more exciting. Both are similarly priced, and just under 40 dollars.M: I'll go with Chianti then, thanks.Q5 What does the woman think of table wines?Q6 What is the price range of wine the man will consider?Q7 Why does the woman recommend red wines?Q8 What do we learn about the wine the man finally bought?5 C They do not make decent gifts6 D $30-$407 A They go well with different kinds of food8 C It is Italy’s most famous type of red winePassage One ：战时密码Many people enjoy secret codes. The harder the code, the more some people will try to figure it out. In wartime, codes are especially important. They help army send news about battles and the sizes of enemy forces. Neither side wants its codes broken by the other. One very important code was never broken. It was used during World War II by the Americans. It was a spoken code never written down. And it was developed and used by Navajo Indians. They were called “the Navajo code talkers” the Navajos created the code in their own language. Navajo is hard to learn. Only a few people know it. So it was pretty certain that the enemy would not be able to understand the cold talkers. In addition, the talkers used code words. They called a submarine an iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand a potato. If they wanted to spell something, they used code words for letters of the alphabet. For instance, the letter A was ant or apple or eggs. The code talkers worked mostly in the islands in the Pacific. One or two would be assigned to a group of soldiers. They would send messages by field telephone to the code talker in the next group. And he would relay the information to his commander. The code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped troops coordinate their movements and attacks. After the war, the US government honored them for what they had accomplished. Theirs was the most successful wartime code ever used.Q9 What does the speaker say many people enjoy doing?Q10 What do we learn about Navajo code talkers?Q11 What is the speaker mainly talking about?9 B Decoding secret message10 D They helped the U.S army in World War Two11 A A military code that was never brokenPassage Two：科技会给未来经济/工作带来哪些变化If you are young and thinking about your career. You want to know where you can make a living. Well, it’s going to be a technological replacement of a lot of knowledge-intensive jobs in the next twenty years. Particularly, in the two largest sectors of labor force with professional skills. One is teaching and the other healthcare. You have so many applications and software and platforms that are going to come in and provide information and service in these two fields, which means a lot of healthcare and education sectors would be radically changed and a lot of jobs will be lost. Now, where will the new jobs be found? Well, the one extra economy can’t be easily duplicated by even smart technologies is the caring sector, the personal care sector. That is, you can’t really get a robot to do a great massage or physically therapy. Or you can’t get the kind ofpersonal attention your need with regard to therapy or any other personal services. They could be very high and personal services. Therapists do charge a lot of money. I think there’s no limit to the amount of personal attention and personal care people would like if they could afford it. But the real question in the future is how come people afford these things if they don’t have money because they can’t get a job that pays enough. That’s why I wrote this book which is about how to reorganize the economy for the future when technology brings about destructive changes to what we used to consider high income work.Q12 What does the speaker say will happen in the next 20 years?Q13 Where will young people have more chances to find jobs?Q14 What does the speaker say about therapists?Q15 What is the speaker’s book about?12 C A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced13 D In the personal care sector14 B They charge high prices15 D The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people’s livesRecording 1：美国发现世界上最早铺设的高速公路American researchers have discovered the world's oldest paved road, a 4,600-year-old highway. it linked a stone pit in the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried blocks to monument sites along the Nile.The eight-mile road is at least 500 years older than any previously discovered road. It is the only paved road discovered in ancient Egypt, said geologist Thomas Bown of the U.S. Geological Survey. He reported the discovery Friday, "The road probably doesn't rank with the pyramids as a construction feat, but it is a major engineering achievement," said his colleague, geologist James Harrell of the University of Toledo. "Not only is the road earlier than we thought possible, we didn't even think they built roads."The researchers also made a discovery in the stone pit at the northern end of the road: the first evidence that the Egyptians used rock saws. "This is the oldest example of saws being used for cutting stone," said Bown’s colleague, James Hoffmeier of Wheaton College in Illinois,"That's two technologies we didn't know they had," Harrell said. "And we don't know why they were both abandoned."The road was discovered in the Faiyum Depression, about 45 miles southwest of Cairo. Short segments of the road had been observed by earlier explorers, Bown said, but they failed to realize its significance or follow up on their observations. Bown and his colleagues stumbled across it while they were doing geological mapping in the region.The road was clearly built to provide services for the newly discovered stone pit. Bown and Harrell have found the camp that housed workers at the stone pit. The road appears today to go nowhere, ending in the middle of the desert. When it was built, its terminal was a dock on the shore of Lake Moeris, which had an elevation of about 66 feet above sea level, the same as the dock.Lake Moeris received its water from the annual floods of the Nile. At the time of the floods, the river and lake were at the same level and connected through a gap in the hills near the modern villages of el-Lahun and Hawara. Harrell and Bown believe that blocks were loaded onto barges during the dry season, then floated over to the Nile during the floods to be shipped off to the monument sites at Giza and Saqqara.Q16: What do we learn from the lecture about the world's oldest paved road in Egypt?Q17: What did the researchers discover in the stone pit?Q18: For what purpose was the paved road built?16 C it linked a stone pit to some waterways17 B saws used for cutting stone18 A to provide services for the stone pitRecording 2：中国针灸疗法The thin, extremely sharp needles didn’t hurt at all going in. Dr. Gong pierced them into myleft arm around the elbow that had been bothering me. Other needles were slipped into my left wrist and, strangely, into my right arm, and then into both my closed eyelids. There wasn’t any discomfort, just a mild warming sensation. However, I did begin to wonder what had driven me here, to the office of Dr. James Gong in New York’s Chinatown.Then I remembered the torturing pain in that left elbow. Several trips to a hospital and two expensive, uncomfortable medical tests had failed to produce even a diagnosis. “Maybe you lean on your left arm too much,” the doctor concluded, suggesting I see a bone doctor.During the hours spent waiting in vain to see a bone doctor, I decided to take another track and try acupuncture. A Chinese-American friend recommended Dr. Gong. I took the subway to Gong’s second-floor office, marked with a hand-painted sign.Dr. Gong speaks English, but not often. Most of my questions to him were greeted with a friendly laugh, but I managed to let him know where my arm hurt. He asked me to go into a room, had me lie down on a bed, and went to work. In the next room, I learned, a woman dancer was also getting a treatment. As I lay there a while, I drifted into a dream-like state and fantasized about what she looked like.Acupuncturists today are as likely to be found on Park Avenue as on Mott Street. In all there are an estimated 10,000 acupuncturists in the country. Nowadays, a lot of medical doctors have learned acupuncture techniques. So have a number of dentists. Reason? Patient demand. Few, though, can adequately explain how acupuncture works.Acupuncturists may say that the body has more than 800 acupuncture points. A life force called Qi circulates through the body. Points on the skin are energetically connected to specific organs, body structures and systems. Acupuncture points are stimulated to balance the circulation of Qi.The truth is, though acupuncture is at least 2,200 years old, “nobody really knows what’s happening,” says Paul Zmiewski, a Ph.D. in Chinese studies who practices acupuncture in Philadelphia.After five treatments, there has been dramatic improvement in my arm, and the pain is a fraction of what it was. The mainly silent Dr. Gong finally even offered a diagnosis for what troubled me. “Pinched nerve,” he said.Q19: What does the speaker find especially strange?Q20: Why did the speaker go see Dr. Gong?Q21: What accounts for the growing popularity of acupuncture in the United States according to the speaker?19 B Dr Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain20 D previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain21 C more and more patients ask for the treatmentRecording 3：出生顺序对性格以及你与伴侣合拍度的影响Ronald and Louis married for 2 decades consider themselves a happy couple but in the early years of their marriage both were disturbed by persistent arguments that seemed to fade away without ever being truly resolved. They uncovered clues towards what was going wrong by researching a fascinating subject: How birth order affects not only your personality but also how compatible you are with your mate.Ronald and Louis are only children, and "onlys" grow up accustomed to be the apple of parents’ eyes. Match two “onlys”, and you have partners who subconsciously expect each other to continue fulfilling this expectation, while neither has much experience in the giving end. Here is a list of common birth order characteristics, and some thoughts on the best and worst, marriage would match for each.The oldest tends to be self-assured, responsible, a high-achiever and relatively serious and reserved. He may be slow to make friends, perhaps contained with only one companion. The best matches are with a youngest, an only or a mate raised in a large family. The worst match is with another oldest, since the two will be too sovereign to share a household comfortably.The youngest child of the family thrives on attention, and tends to be out-going, adventurous, optimistic, creative and less ambitious than others in the family. He may lack self-discipline, and have difficulty making decisions on his own.A youngest brother of brothers, often unpredictable and romantic, will match best with an oldest sister of brothers. The youngest sister of brothers is best matched with an oldest brother of sisters who will happily indulge these traits.The middle child is influenced by many variables; However, "middles" are less likely to take initiative, and more anxious and self-critical than others. "Middles" often successfully marry other "middles", since both are strong untacked, not so strong on aggressiveness, and tend to crave affection.The only child is often most comfortable when alone. But since an only tends to be a well-adjusted individual, she’ll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse. The male only child expects his wife to make life easier without getting much in return. He is sometimes best matched with a younger sister of brothers. The female only child who tends to be slightly more flexible is well matched with an older man who will indulge her tendency to test his love. Her worst match? Another only. Of course.Q22: What does the speaker say about Ronald and Louis’s early years of married life?Q23: What do we learn about Ronald and Louis?Q24: What does the speaker say about the oldest child in a family?Q25: What does the speaker say about the only children?22 B they quarreled a lot and never resolved their argument23 C Neither of them has any sisters and brothers24 A They tend to be self-assured and responsible25 D they tend to be well adjusted201806CET6（2）Conversation 1：M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文 (第2套)
2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文 (第2套)2018年6月英语六级考试真题 (第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) She advocates animal protection.B) She sells a special kind of coffee. C) She is going to start a café chain.D) She is the owner of a special café.2. A) They bear a lot of similarities.B) They are a profitable business sector. C) They cater to different customers.D) They help take care of customers' pets.3. A) By giving them regular cleaning and injections.B) By selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful.C) By placing them at a safe distance from customers.D) By briefing customers on how to get along with them.4. A) They want to learn about rabbits.B) They like to bring in their children. C) They love the animals in her café.D) They give her café favorite reviews.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) It contains too many additives.B) It lacks the essential vitamins. C) It can cause obesity.D) It is mostly garbage.6. A) Its fancy design. B) TV commercials. C) Its taste and texture. D) Peer influence.7. A) Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods.B) Marketing their products with ordinary ingredients.C) Trying to trick children into buying their products.D) Offering children more varieties to choose from.8. A) They hardly ate vegetables.B) They seldom had junk food. C) They favored chocolate-coated sweets.D) They liked the food advertised on TV.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Stretches of farmland.B) Typical Egyptian animal farms. C) Tombs of ancient rulers.D) Ruins left by devastating floods.10. A) It provides habitats for more primitive tribes.B) It is hardly associated with great civilizations.C) It has not yet been fully explored and exploited.D) It gathers water from many tropical rain forests.11. A) It carries about one fifth of the world's fresh water.B) It has numerous human settlements along its banks.C) It is second only to the Mississippi River in width.D) It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Living a life in the fast lane leads to success.B) We are always in a rush to do various things.C) The search for tranquility has become a trend.D) All of us actually yearn for a slow and calm life.13. A) She had trouble balancing family and work. C) She was accustomed to tight schedules.B) She enjoyed the various social events. D) She spent all her leisure time writing books.14. A) The possibility of ruining her family.B)Becoming aware of her declining health. C) The fatigue from living a fast-paced life.D) Reading a book about slowing down.15. A) She started to follow the cultural norms. C) She learned to use more polite expressions.B) She came to enjoy doing everyday tasks. D) She stopped using to-do lists and calendars. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They will root out native species altogether.B) They contribute to a region's biodiversity.C) They pose a threat to the local ecosystem.D) They will crossbreed with native species.17. A) Their classifications are meaningful.B) Their interactions are hard to define. C) Their definitions are changeable.D) Their distinctions are artificial.18. A) Only a few of them cause problems to native species.B) They may turn out to benefit the local environment.C) Few of them can survive in their new habitats.D) Only 10 percent of them can be naturalized.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Respect their traditional culture.B) Attend their business seminars. C) Research their specific demands.D) Adopt the right business strategies.20. A) Showing them your palm. C) Drinking alcohol on certain days of a month.B) Giving them gifts of great value. D) Clicking your fingers loudly in their presence.21. A) They are very easy to satisfy.B) They have a strong sense of worth. C) They tend to be friendly and enthusiastic.D) They have a break from 2:00 to 5:30 p.m.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) He completely changed the company's culture.B) He collected paintings by world-famous artists.C) He took over the sales department of Reader's Digest.D) He had the company's boardroom extensively renovated.23. A) It should be sold at a reasonable price.B) Its articles should be short and inspiring.C) It should be published in the world's leading languages.D) Its articles should entertain blue- and pink-collar workers.24. A) He knew how to make the magazine profitable.B) He served as a church minister for many years.C) He suffered many setbacks and misfortunes in his life.D) He treated the employees like members of his family.25. A) It carried many more advertisements. C) Several hundred of its employees got fired.B) George Grune joined it as an ad salesman. D) Its subscriptions increased considerably. Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Did Sarah Josepha Hale write "Mary's Little Lamb," the eternal nursery rhyme (儿歌) about a girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it's clear that the woman __26 for writing it was one of America's most fascinating 27 . In honor of the poem's publication on May 24, 1830, here's more about the 28 author's life.Hale wasn't just a writer, she was also a 29 social advocate, and she was particularly __30 with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had " a deep moral influence. " She began a nationwide __31 to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 festivals.In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a 33 setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of "Mary's Little Lamb" is disputed. According to the New EnglandHistorical Society, Hale wrote only part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 by a real event.When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 of her life that "some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem".A) campaignB) careerC) characters D) featuresE) fierceF) inspiredG) latterH) obsessedI) proclamationJ) rectifiedK) reputedL) restM) supposedN) traditionalO) versatileSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Grow Plants Without Water[A] Ever since humanity began to farm our own food, we’ve faced the unpredictable rain that is both friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush (茂盛的) leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain instead of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences: South Africa's ongoing drought—the worst in three decades—will cost at least a quarter of its corn crop this year.[B] Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty of answers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earth's climate changes and rainfall becomes even less predictable in some places, those answers will grow even more valuable. "The type of farming I'm aiming for is literally so that people can survive as it's going to get more and more dry," Farrantsays.[C] Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red deserts of South Africa, steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions.[D]Farrant calls them resurrection plants (复苏植物). During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her time-lapse (间歇性拍摄的) videos of the revivals look like someone playing a tape of the plant's death in reverse.[E]The big difference between "drought-tolerant" plants and these tough plants: metabolism. Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store reserves of water to see them through a drought; others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length, and many people use the term "drought tolerant" to describe such plants, but they never actually stop needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant.[F]Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of water per gram of dry mass, are different. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism. When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the plant dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is "the most stable state that the plant can maintain," Farrant says. That slows the plant's metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues. The plants also change shape, shrinking to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate. They can recover from months and years without water, depending on the species.[G] What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seeds—almost all of them. At the start of her career, Farrant studied "recalcitrant seeds (顽拗性种子)," such as avocados, coffee andlychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicate—they cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if you've ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rare, because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds can wait out the dry, unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout (发芽). Yet once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves.[H] After completing her Ph. D. on seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient (迅速恢复活力的) and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants' response to dryness. Many of them are the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants—and how to reproduce them in crops. "Most genes are regulated by a master set of genes," Farrant says. "We're looking at gene promoters and what would be their master switch."[I] Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw, they will have to find the best way to do so in useful crops. "I'm trying three methods of breeding," Farrant says: conventional, genetic modification and gene editing. She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever version prevails："I'm giving people an option."[J] Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for human medical treatments, botanists use plants that are relatively easy to grow in a lab or greenhouse setting to test their ideas for related species. The Queensland rock violet is one of the best studied resurrection plants so far, with a draft genome (基因图谱) published last year by a Chinese team. Also last year, Farrant and colleagues published a detailed molecular study of another candidate, Xerophyta viscosa, a tough-as-nail South African plant with lily-like flowers, and she says that a genome is on the way. One or both of these models will help researchers test their ideas—so far mostly done in the lab—on test plots.[K] Understanding the basic science first is key. There are good reasons why crop plants do not use dryness defenses already. For instance, there's a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant's safety. "The yield is never going to be high," Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa. "My vision is for the subsistence farmer," Farrant says. "I'm targeting crops that are of African value."36.There are a couple of plants tough and adaptable enough to survive on bare rocky hills and in deserts.37. Farrant is trying to isolate genes in resurrection plants and reproduce them in crops.38. Farmers in South Africa are more at the mercy of nature, especially inconsistent rainfall.39.Resurrection crops are most likely to be the choice of subsistence farmers.40.Even though many plants have developed various tactics to cope with dry weather, they cannot survive a prolonged drought.41.Despite consumer resistance, researchers are pushing ahead with genetic modification of crops.42.Most seeds can pull through dry spells and begin growing when conditions are ripe, but once this process starts, it cannot be held back.43.Farrant is working hard to cultivate food crops that can survive extreme dryness by studying the traits of rare wild plants.44.By adjusting their metabolism, resurrection plants can recover from an extended period of drought.45. Resurrection plants can come back to life in a short time after a rainfall.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Human memory is notoriously unreliable. Even people with the sharpest facial-recognition skills can only remember so much.It's tough to quantify how good a person is at remembering. No one really knows how many different faces someone can recall, for example, but various estimates tend to hover in the thousands—based on the number of acquaintances a person might have.Machines aren't limited this way. Give the right computer a massive database of faces, and it can process what it sees—then recognize a face it's told to find—with remarkable speed and precision. This skill is what supports the enormous promise of facial-recognition software in the 21st century. It's also what makes contemporary surveillance systems so scary.The thing is, machines still have limitations when it comes to facial recognition. And scientists are only just beginning to understand what those constraints are. To begin to figure out how computers are struggling, researchers at the University of Washington created a massive database of faces—they call it MegaFace—and tested a variety of facial-recognition algorithms (算法) as they scaled up in complexity. The idea was to test the machines on a database that included up to 1 million different images of nearly 700,000 different people—and not just a large database featuring a relatively small number of different faces, more consistent with what's been used in other research.As the databases grew, machine accuracy dipped across the board. Algorithms that were right 95% of the time when they were dealing with a 13,000-image database, for example, were accurate about 70% of the time when confronted with 1 million images. That's still pretty good, says one of the researchers, Ira Kemelmacher-Shlizerman. "Much better than we expected," she said.Machines also had difficulty adjusting for people who look a lot alike—either doppelgangers (长相极相似的人), whom the machine would have trouble identifying as two separate people, or the same person who appeared in different photos at different ages or in different lighting, whom the machine would incorrectly view as separate people."Once we scale up, algorithms must be sensitive to tiny changes in identities and at the same time invariant to lighting, pose, age," Kemelmacher-Shlizerman said.The trouble is, for many of the researchers who'd like to design systems to address thesechallenges, massive datasets for experimentation just don't exist—at least, not in formats that are accessible to academic researchers. Training sets like the ones Google and Facebook have are private. There are no public databases that contain millions of faces. MegaFace's creators say it's the largest publicly available facial-recognition dataset out there."An ultimate face recognition algorithm should perform with billions of people in a dataset," the researchers wrote.46. Compared with human memory, machines can ________.A) identify human faces more efficiently C) store an unlimited number of human facesB) tell a friend from a mere acquaintance D) perceive images invisible to the human eye47. Why did researchers create MegaFace?A) To enlarge the volume of the facial-recognition database.B) To increase the variety of facial-recognition software.C) To understand computers' problems with facial recognition.D) To reduce the complexity of facial-recognition algorithms.48. What does the passage say about machine accuracy?A) It falls short of researchers' expectations. C) It varies greatly with different algorithms.B) It improves with added computing power. D) It decreases as the database size increases.49. What is said to be a shortcoming-of facial-recognition machines?A) They cannot easily tell apart people with near-identical appearances.B) They have difficulty identifying changes in facial expressions.C) They are not sensitive to minute changes in people's mood.D) They have problems distinguishing people of the same age.50. What is the difficulty confronting researchers of facial-recognition machines?A) No computer is yet able to handle huge datasets of human faces.B) There do not exist public databases with sufficient face samples.C) There are no appropriate algorithms to process the face samples.D) They have trouble converting face datasets into the right format.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.There're currently 21.5 million students in America, and many will be funding their collegeon borrowed money. Given that there's now over $1.3 trillion in student loans on the books, it's pretty clear that many students are far from sensible. The average student's debt upon graduation now approaches $40,000, and as college becomes ever more expensive, calls to make it "free" are multiplying. Even Hillary Clinton says that when it comes to college, "Costs won't be a barrier."But the only way college could be free is if the faculty and staff donated their time, the buildings required no maintenance, and campuses required no utilities. As long as it's impossible to produce something from nothing, costs are absolutely a barrier.The actual question we debate is who should pay for people to go to college. If taxpayers are to bear the cost of forgiving student loans, shouldn't they have a say in how their money is used?At least taxpayers should be able to decide what students will study on the public dime. If we're going to force taxpayers to foot the bill for college degrees, students should only study those subjects that're of greatest benefit to taxpayers. After all, students making their own choices in this respect is what caused the problem in the first place. We simply don't need more poetry, gender studies, or sociology majors. How do we know which subjects benefit society? Easy.Average starting salaries give a clear indication of what type of training society needs its new workers to have. Certainly, there're benefits to a college major beyond the job a student can perform. But if we're talking about the benefits to society, the only thing that matters is what the major enables the student to produce for society. And the value of what the student can produce is reflected in the wage employers are willing to pay the student to produce it.A low wage for elementary school teachers, however, doesn't mean elementary education isn't important. It simply means there're too many elementary school teachers already.Meanwhile, there're few who're willing and able to perform jobs requiring a petroleum engineering major, so the value of one more of those people is very high.So we can have taxpayers pick up students' tuition in exchange for dictating what those students will study. Or we can allow students both to choose their majors and pay for their education themselves. But in the end, one of two things is true:Either a college major is worth its cost or it isn't. If yes, taxpayer financing isn't needed. If not, taxpayer financing isn't desirable. Either way, taxpayers have no business paying for students'college education.51. What does the author think of college students funding their education through loans?A) They only expect to get huge returns.B) They are acting in an irrational way. C) They benefit at taxpayers' expense.D) They will regret doing so someday.52. In the author's opinion, free college education is ________.A) impractical B) unsustainable C) a goal to strive for D) a way to social equality53. What should students do if taxpayers are to bear their college costs?A) Work even harder to repay society.B) Choose their subjects more carefully.C) Choose majors that will serve society's practical needs.D) Allow taxpayers to participate in college administration.54. What does the author say about the value of a student's college education?A) It is underestimated by profit-seeking employers.B) It is to be proved by what they can do on the job.C) It is well reflected in their average starting salary.D) It is embodied in how they remove social barriers.55. What message does the author want to convey in the passage?A) Students should think carefully whether to go to college.B) Taxpayers should only finance the most gifted students.C) The worth of a college education is open to debate.D) College students should fund their own education.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
2.There are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文【已公布】
【导语】2018年6⽉英语六级考试已结束，⽆忧考四六级频道在考后特别搜集整理了2018年6⽉英语六级听⼒真题及原⽂【已公布】，仅供⼤家参考，祝⼤家顺利通过六级考试！ 长对话1 M: What’s all that? Are you going to make a salad? W: No, I’m going to make a gazpacho. M: What’s that? W: Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly vegetables. I guess you can call it a liquid salad. M: Cold soup? Sounds weird. W: It’s delicious. Trust me! I tried it for the first time during my summer vacation in Spain. You see, in the south of Spain, it gets very hot and summer, up to 42 degrees Celsius, so a cold gazpacho is very refreshing. The main ingredients are tomato, cucumber, bell peppers, olive oil and stale bread. M: Stale bread? Surely you mean bread for dipping into the soup. W: No. bread is crushed and blended in, like everything else. It adds texture and thickness to the soup. M: um…and is it healthy? W: Sure. As I said earlier, it’s mostly vegetables. You can also add different things if you like such as half-boiled eggs or cured ham. M: Cured ham? What’s that? W: That’s another Spanish delicacy. Have you never heard of it? It’s quite famous. M: No. Is it good too? W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and salty. And it is very expensive because it comes from a special type of pig that only eats a special type of food. The ham is covered in salt to dry and preserve it, and left hung for up to two years. It has a very distinct favor. M: um, sounds interesting. Where can I find some? W: It used to be difficult to get Spanish produce here, but it's now a lot more common. Most large supermarket chains have cured ham in little packets. But in Spain, you can buy a whole leg. M: A whole pig leg? Why would anybody want so much ham? W: In Spain, many people buy a whole leg for special group events such as Christmas. They cut it themselves into very thin slices with a long flat knife. Q1 What do we learn about gazpacho? Q2 For what purpose is stale bread mixed into gazpacho? Q3 Why does the woman think gazpacho is healthy? Q4 what does the women say about cured ham? 长对话2 M: Hello, I wish to buy a bottle of wine. W: Hi, yes. What kind of wine would you like? M: I don’t know. Sorry, I don’t know much about wine. W: That’s no problem at all. What’s the occasion and how much would you like to spend? M: It’s for my boss. It’s his birthday. I know he likes wine but I don’t know what type. I also did not want anything too expensive. Maybe middle range. How much would you say is a middle range bottle of a wine approximately? W: Well, it varies greatly. Our lowest prices are around 60 dollars a bottle but those are table wines. They are not very special and I would not suggest them as a gift. On the other hand, our most expensive bottles are over a hundred and fiftydollars. If you are looking for something priced in the middle, I would say anything between 30 dollars and 60 dollars would make a decent gift. How does that sound? M: um, yeah. I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or 40 would be good. Which type would you recommend? W: I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally more popular than whites and can usually be paired with food more easily. Our specialty here are Italian wines and these tend to be fruity with medium acidity. This one here is a Chianti which is perhaps Italy's most famous type of red wine. Alternatively, you may wish to try and surprise your boss with something less common such as this Zinfandel. The grapes are originally native to Croatia, but this winery is in eastern Italy. And it has more spicy and peppery flavor. So, to summarize, the Chianti is more classical and Zinfandel more exciting. Both are similarly priced, and just under 40 dollars. M: I'll go with Chianti then, thanks. Q5 What does the woman think of table wines? Q6 What is the price range of wine the man will consider? Q7 Why does the woman recommend red wines? Q8 What do we learn about the wine the man finally bought? 听⼒篇章 Passage One Many people enjoy secret codes. The harder the code, the more some people will try to figure it out. In wartime, codes are especially important. They help army send news about battles and the sizes of enemy forces. Neither side wants its codes broken by the other. One very important code was never broken. It was used during World War II by the Americans. It was a spoken code never written down. And it was developed and used by Navajo Indians. They were called “the Navajo code talkers” the Navajos created the code in their own language. Navajo is hard to learn. Only a few people know it. So it was pretty certain that the enemy would not be able to understand the cold talkers. In addition, the talkers used code words. They called a submarine an iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand a potato. If they wanted to spell something, they used code words for letters of the alphabet. For instance, the letter A was ant or apple or eggs. The code talkers worked mostly in the islands in the Pacific. One or two would be assigned to a group of soldiers. They would send messages by field telephone to the code talker in the next group. And he would relay the information to his commander. The code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped troops coordinate their movements and attacks. After the war, the US government honored them for what they had accomplished. Theirs was the most successful wartime code ever used. Q9 What does the speaker say many people enjoy doing? Q10 What do we learn about Navajo code talkers? Q11 What is the speaker mainly talking about? Passage Two If you are young and thinking about your career. You want to know where you can make a living. Well, it’s going to be a technological replacement of a lot of knowledge-intensive jobs in the next twenty years. Particularly, in the two largest sectors of labor force with professional skills. One is teaching and the other healthcare. You have so many applications and software and platforms that are going to come in and provide information and service in these two fields, which means a lot of healthcare and education sectors would be radically changed and a lot of jobs will be lost. Now, where will the new jobs be found? Well, the one extra economy can’t be easily duplicated by even smart technologies is the caring sector, the personal care sector. That is, you can’t really get a robot to do a great massage or physically therapy. Or you can’t get the kind of personal attention your need with regard to therapy or any other personal services. They could be very high and personal services. Therapists do charge a lot of money. I think there’s no limit to the amount of personal attention and personal care people would like if they could afford it. But the real question in the future is how come people afford these things if they don’t have money because they can’t get a job that pays enough. That’s why I wrote this book which is about how to reorganize the economy for the future when technology brings about destructive changes to what we used to consider high income work. Q12 What does the speaker say will happen in the next 20 years? Q13 Where will young people have more chances to find jobs? Q14 What does the speaker say about therapists? Q15 What is the speaker’s book about? 讲座： Recording 1 American researchers have discovered the world's oldest paved road, a 4,600-year-old highway. it linked a stone pit in the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried blocks to monument sites along the Nile. The eight-mile road is at least 500 years older than any previously discovered road. It is the only paved road discovered in ancient Egypt, said geologist Thomas Bown of the U.S. Geological Survey. He reported the discovery Friday, "The road probably doesn't rank with the pyramids as a construction feat, but it is a major engineering achievement," said his colleague, geologist James Harrell of the University of Toledo. "Not only is the road earlier than we thought possible, we didn't even think they built roads." The researchers also made a discovery in the stone pit at the northern end of the road: the first evidence that the Egyptians used rock saws. "This is the oldest example of saws being used for cutting stone," said Bown’s colleague, James Hoffmeier of Wheaton College in Illinois,"That's two technologies we didn't know they had," Harrell said. "And we don't know why they were both abandoned." The road was discovered in the Faiyum Depression, about 45 miles southwest of Cairo. Short segments of the road had been observed by earlier explorers, Bown said, but they failed to realize its significance or follow up on their observations. Bown and his colleagues stumbled across it while they were doing geological mapping in the region. The road was clearly built to provide services for the newly discovered stone pit. Bown and Harrell have found the camp that housed workers at the stone pit. The road appears today to go nowhere, ending in the middle of the desert. When it was built, its terminal was a dock on the shore of Lake Moeris, which had an elevation of about 66 feet above sea level, the same as the dock. Lake Moeris received its water from the annual floods of the Nile. At the time of the floods, the river and lake were at the same level and connected through a gap in the hills near the modern villages of el-Lahun and Hawara. Harrell and Bown believe that blocks were loaded onto barges during the dry season, then floated over to the Nile during the floods to be shipped off to the monument sites at Giza and Saqqara. Q16: What do we learn from the lecture about the world's oldest paved road in Egypt? Q17: What did the researchers discover in the stone pit? Q18: For what purpose was the paved road built? Recording 3 Ronald and Louis married for 2 decades consider themselves a happy couple but in the early years of their marriage both were disturbed by persistent arguments that seemed to fade away without ever being truly resolved. They uncovered clues towards what was going wrong by researching a fascinating subject: How birth order affects not only your personality but also how compatible you are with your mate. Ronald and Louis are only children, and "onlys" grow up accustomed to be the apple of parents’ eyes. Match two “onlys”, and you have partners who subconsciously expect each other to continue fulfilling this expectation, while neither has much experience in the giving end. Here is a list of common birth order characteristics, and some thoughts on the best and worst, marriage would match for each. The oldest tends to be self-assured, responsible, a high-achiever and relatively serious and reserved. He may be slow to make friends, perhaps contained with only one companion. The best matches are with a youngest, an only or a mate raised in a large family. The worst match is with another oldest, since the two will be too sovereign to share a household comfortably. The youngest child of the family thrives on attention, and tends to be out-going, adventurous, optimistic, creative and less ambitious than others in the family. He may lack self-discipline, and have difficulty making decisions on his own. A youngest brother of brothers, often unpredictable and romantic, will match best with an oldest sister of brothers. The youngest sister of brothers is best matched with an oldest brother of sisters who will happily indulge these traits. The middle child is influenced by many variables; However, "middles" are less likely to take initiative, and more anxious and self-critical than others. "Middles" often successfully marry other "middles", since both are strong untacked, not so strong on aggressiveness, and tend to crave affection. The only child is often most comfortable when alone. But since an only tends to be a well-adjusted individual, she’ll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse. The male only child expects his wife to make life easier without getting much in return. He is sometimes best matched with a younger sister of brothers. The female only child who tends to be slightly more flexible is well matched with an older man who will indulge her tendency to test his love. Her worst match? Another only. Of course. Q22: What does the speaker say about Ronald and Louis’s early years of married life? Q23: What do we learn about Ronald and Louis? Q24: What does the speaker say about the oldest child in a family? Q25: What does the speaker say about the only children?温馨提⽰：“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统⼀，请依据试题进⾏核对。
201806(全国1卷)听力真题以及录音原文
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2018年6月英语六级真题听力部分及答案：第1套
2018年6月英语六级真题听力部分及答案：第1套Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It is a typical salad.B) It is a Spanish soup.C) It is a weird vegetable.D) It is a kind of spicy food.2. A) To make it thicker.B) To make it more nutritious.C) To add to its appeal.D) To replace an ingredient.3. A) It contains very little fat.B) It uses olive oil in cooking.C) It uses no artificial additives.D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. A) It does not go stale for two years.B) It takes no special skill to prepare.C) It comes from a special kind of pig.D) It is a delicacy blended with bread.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) They come in a great variety.B) They do not make decent gifts.C) They do not vary much in price.D) They go well with Italian food.6. A) $30- $40.B) $40- $50.C) $50- $60.D) Around $ 150.7. A) They are a healthy choice for elderly people.B) They are especially popular among Italians.C) They symbolize good health and longevity.D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. A) It is a wine imported from California.B) It is less spicy than all other red wines.C) It is far more expensive than he expected.D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Learning others' secrets.B) Searching for information.C) Decoding secret messages.D) Spreading sensational news.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World War Ⅱ.B) They could write down spoken codes promptly.C) They were assigned to decode enemy messages.D) They were good at breaking enemy secret codes.11. A) Important battles fought in the Pacific War.B) Decoding of secret messages in war times.C) A military code that was never broken.D) Navajo Indians' contribution to code breaking.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) All services will be personalized.B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.C) Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry.D) More information will be available.13. A) In the robotics industry.B) In the information service.C) In the personal care sector.D) In high-end manufacturing.14. A) They charge high prices.B) They need lots of training.C) They cater to the needs of young people.D) They focus on customers' specific needs.15. A) The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next 20 years.B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.C) The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people's lives.D) The amazing amount of personal attention people would like to have.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It was the longest road in ancient Egypt.B) It was constructed some 500 years ago.C) It lay 8 miles from the monument sites.D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.B) Traces left by early explorers.C) An ancient geographical map.D) Some stone tool segments.18. A) To transport stones to block floods.B) To provide services for the stone pit.C) To link the various monument sites.D) To connect the villages along the Nile.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Dr. Gong didn't give him any conventional tests.B) Dr. Gong marked his office with a hand-painted sign.C) Dr. Gong didn't ask him any questions about his pain.D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. A) He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work.B) Dr. Gong was very famous in New York's Chinatown.C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.D) He found the expensive medical tests unaffordable.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.B) Acupuncture techniques have been perfected.C) It doesn't need the conventional medical tests.D) It does not have any negative side effects.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) They were on the verge of breaking up.B) They were compatible despite differences.C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.D) They argued persistently about whether to have children.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.B) Neither of them won their parents' favor.C) They weren't spoiled in their childhood.D) They didn't like to be the apple of their parents' eyes.24. A) They are usually good at making friends.B) They tend to be adventurous and creative.C) They are often content with what they have.D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. A) They enjoy making friends.B) They tend to be well adjusted.C) They are least likely to take initiative.D) They usually have successful marriages.第1套听力答案1. B) It is a Spanish soup.2. A) To make it thicker.3. D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. C) It comes from a special kind of pig.5. B) They do not make decent gifts.6. A) $30-$40.7. D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.9. C) Decoding secret messages.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World War Ⅱ.11. C) A military code that was never broken.12. B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.13. C) In the personal care sector.14. A) They charge high prices.15. B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.16. D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.18. B) To provide services for the stone pit.19. D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.22. C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.24. D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. B) They tend to be well adjusted.。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
2.There are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
How do you come up with the idea？W：So we thought why not rabbit？People love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案听力原文与解析-
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Putit another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, wewill suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. Inaddition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us toattach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in ouracademic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions todevelop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read greatbooks as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, wemay develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have justheard.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog.Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the AmericanLung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United Statesfor levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America foryear-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected asa 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testingsystems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just whatAclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past fewmonths. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also beable to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, includingoffices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system.Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs ondays when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants ..N restricted .. C consequence . .J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M： we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
How do you come up with the idea？W：So we thought why not rabbit？People love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试听力原文全
2018年6月大学生英语四级听力原文(第1套)听力原文：Section ANews Report OneKelly Swisher,an Arkansas woman,escapedinjury and managed to safely stop her car after a four-foot long rat snake came out from under her car seat and slithered acrossher feet as she was driving down the highway.Rat snakesaren’p o t isonousor a threat to people generally.【1】But the woman says the snake she encounteredThursday terrified her o ut of her wits.【2】It was r ough with big scales,said Swisher,who was on her way to pick up her friend at the airport when it happened.I don’t know whether I had my hands o n the steering wheel or not.I am not the most flexibleperson in the world,but I can guaranteemy knees were up next to my ears.She saidthe snakefirst slithered back under the seatand shehoped it would stay there until she was able to get off the highway and stop.“Tha d tidn ’wo t rk out, s”he said.“Here h e comes,and he wound up in my back seat before I could finally get off the road,stop and get out of the car. S”he called for help and Washington County Animal Control officers cameand capturedthe snake.Questions1 to 2 are basedon the new report you have just heard.1. How did Kelly Swisherfeel when shefirst came acrossthe rat snake?2. What does the report say about the snake?News Report Two【3】Fast food,as it turns out,isn’q t uite as fast as it used to be.A new study finds that McDonald’po s sted its slowest drive-through times since this survey was first conducted fifteen years ago.At McDonald’cu s s,tomers were spent on averagethree minutes and nine secondsfrom the time they placed their orders until they received their food.That’ab s out ten secondsmore than the industry averageand a lot slower than a decade ago,according to the study which was commissioned by QSR,an industry trade publication.And McDonald’w s a sn’a t lone in slowing down.Other chains also saw their drive-through performance slowing down.【4】Among the reasons for the slower service,today there are more choices on the menu,and theproducts themselvesare more complex and take longer to prepare.Speed,of course,is essentialto the drive-through experience,and drive-throughs are hugely important to chains such as McDonald’Bu sr,ger King,and Taco ually,the drive-through accounts for sixty to seventy percent of all business that goes through a fast food restaurant,notes Sam Ochers,editor of QSR.Of course,consumers also want their orders preparedcorrectly and o n that score,Ocherssays,accuracyis still really high. Questions3 to 4 are basedon the new report you have just heard.3. What is the news report mainly about?4. What has slowed down McDonald ’dr s i ve-through service?News Report ThreeThe first private mission outside of earth orbit is closer than many of us think.【5】ernment officials outset to approve a mission by privately held space company,Moon Express,to travel outside of earth orbit in late 2017.【6】Moon Express ’m i s s sion involves plans to land a suitcase-size package of scientific equipment on the moon for ongoing exploration on commercial development.The decision involved amounts of lobbying and coordinative conversations between a number of federal agencies.On the international treaties,the U.S.is responsible for the cargo of both public and private spacecraft.This makes commercial spacetravel a complex legal issue not just domestically but abroad.A Moon Express representative declined to comment on the story,【7】but noted that thecompany is very optimistic about its proposal.Moon Express is not the only company seeking for the right to travel to outer space.Elon Musk’S s paceX aims to send an unmannedaircraft to Mars by 2018.Questions5 to 7 are basedon the new report you have just heard.5. What is the news report mainly about?6. What is Moon Express planning to do?7. What does Moon Expressthink of its mission?Section BConversation OneM:Hey,Sophia,how are you doing?W:Hi,Bob.I’m good,thanks.Actually,I’m on holiday with my family in Thailand at the moment,although I wish it were with my friends instead.M:Really?You never said you are going to Thailand.How I envy you!W:I’v o e n l y been i n here a week,but you know Thailand is an amazing place.I’m having a great time here【.８】In fact,I’m now lying on the beachin Phuket.I’b v eenin the sun for around 15 minutes only,and I’m already getting sun burnt.Have you beenhere before?M:No,I wish I had.What else have you been doing in Thailand besidesenjoying the sun?W:【９】Well,I met a guy from Germany yesterday.He showed me around the orphanage that he works at.Then I met many volunteer teachers who are mainly young people from Europe.M:Ah,that i’nte s resting.W:Yes.I also made a new little friend,Sarah.She was so cute.I was so sad when I had to leave at the end of the day.If I ever come back to Thailand,I’d d efinitely visit this place again,as a volunteer.M:【１０】Well,you can tell me all about it when you get back.My phone battery is almost dead now.【１１】Rememberto get me somethingfrom the souvenir shops.I like to collect bits and pieces from different parts of the world.Bye now,enjoy yourself,Sophia.W:Bye.Questions8 to 11 are basedon the conversationyou have just heard。
大学英语四六级考试-四级听力原文 2018年6月第二套
Listening ComprehensionPartSection ANews Report OneA message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found1500miles away and has been returned to his daughter.The long lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing.Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.The note inside the bottle said,“Return to419Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150from Richard and Tina Pierce,owners of the Beachcomber Motel.”The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Pierce in1960.Her father had written the note as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean.Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver the message to Paula Pierce.She held up to her fathers promise giving Buffington that reward.But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.50多年前新罕布什尔州的一位男子把一张便条放进瓶子里并扔进大海，现在这个便条在1500英里以外的地方被发现了，并被送回到那位男子的女儿手里。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及详细答案（第一套）
2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷及详细答案（第⼀套）2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷详细答案（⼀）⽬录2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷详细答案（⼀） (1)2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷（⼀） (51)快速对答案 (66)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半⼩时内完成该部分，之后将进⾏听⼒考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【解析】写作题考察了同学们的写作能⼒，要求在30分钟内完成，时间有限，因此在备战英语四级的时候，平时应积累⼀些模版，多背⼀些精彩的句⼦，在平时的练习中，应该在20分钟内完成⼀篇不少于150词的作⽂，下⾯给出以下⼏点建议：⼀，写作中，字体要⼯整，改卷⽼师在批改四级作⽂的时候，由于任务量⼤，再加上批改时视觉疲劳，不可能对每⼀篇作⽂都看得那么仔细，有时候就凭卷⾯的第⼀印象打分，因此字体美观⼤⽅能提⾼作⽂的分数；⼆，注意段落结构，写作时，应带有题⽬，⼀般分三段进⾏，第⼀段总体概述，引出正⽂，第⼆段详细阐述⽂档内容，要分条理进⾏，⽐如，firstly，secondly，等，正⽂⼀般4-6句话阐述完毕，第三段总结正⽂部分，回归主题。
三，写作要注重语法结构，不要出现明显的语法错误，否则扣分较多，影响总体成绩。
四，遇到不会写的词，要⽤其他相关的词语表达。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
[精选]英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)资料
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2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
2.There are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
How do you come up with the idea？W：So we thought why not rabbit？People love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。
【7A版】2018年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)
2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)W:WelcometoWorkPlace.Andintoday’sprogram,we’relookingattheresultsoftworecentlypublisheds urveys,whichbothdealwiththesametopic-happinessatwork.John,tellusaboutthefirstsurvey.M:Well,thiswasdonebyahumanresourcesconsultancy,whointerviewedmorethan1,000workers,and establishedatoptenofthefactors,whichmakepeoplehappyatwork.Themostimportantfactorforthem ajorityofthepeopleinterviewedwashavingfriendly,supportivecolleagues.Infact,73%ofpeopleintervi ewedputtheirrelationshipwithcolleaguesasthekeyfactorcontributingtohappinessatwork,whichisav eryhighpercentage.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwashavingworkthatisenjoyable.Thetwoleastim portantfactorswerehavingone'sachievementsrecognized,andrathersurprisingly,earningacompetiti vesalary.W:So,wearenotmainlymotivatedbymoney?M:Apparentlynot.W:Anyotherinterestinginformationinthesurvey?M:Yes.ForeGample,25%oftheworkingpeopleintervieweddescribedthemselvesas'veryhappy'atwor k.However,20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy.W:That’squitealotofunhappypeopleatworkeveryday.M:Itis,isn’tit?Andtherewereseveralmoreinterestingconclusionsrevealedbythesurvey.Firstofall,smallisbeautif ul:peopledefinitelypreferworkingforsmallerorganizationsorcompanieswithlessthan100staff.Weals ofindoutthat,generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierintheirworkthanmen.W:Yes,weare,aren’twe?M:Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,whoonlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthanthosewhoworkf ull-time.Theresearchersconcludedthatthisisprobablyduetoabetterwork-lifebalance.W:Arebosseshappierthantheiremployees?M:Yes,perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigherpeoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.Soseniormanag ersenjoytheirjobsmorethanpeopleworkingunderthem.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Q1:WhatistheNo.1factorthatmadeemployeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey?Q2:Whatisthepercentageofthepeoplesurveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork?Q3:Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwithemployees?Q4:Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeopleonpart-timecontractstobehappier?W:Mr.DeKeyzer,I'magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbeca meinterestedinthissubjectmatter?M:In20XX,whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforane wconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Asthereh adbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlo okingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfear ofaloomingdangerbecamethesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.W:Youwroteinthebook:"Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster,Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat?M:ItisclearnowthatitisamatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.The samegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuni quecoastline,richinhistory,befor eit’stoo late—asalastwitness.W:Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject?M:Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhentheneGtene mywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.ForeGample,thereistheimageofthebridgei ntotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea, whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.W:Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Q5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood?Q6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework?Q7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs?Q8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVenice?SectionBPassage1Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimea nticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Sh ewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshe wantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied:”Idon’twanttoloo ktooineG perienced,Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimstothed on’tssyndrome—aformofnegativegoalssetting.Thedon’tscanbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindresp onsetopictures.ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervesystemthesamewa yasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolfertellshimself:”Don’thittheballintothewater.”Hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo?Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen. Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial.Andthistimeshesaid:”Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroun dthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromtheju dge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimagineda skillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksa fterthispositivestress(不确定)rehearsal,theyounglawyerdidwin.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Q9:whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation?Q10:whatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow?Q11:whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation?Q12:whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt?Passage2MostAmericansdon’teatenoughfruits,vegetablesorwholegrains,researchersnowsaysaddingfibertoteendietmayhelplow ertheriskofbreastcancer.Conversationsaboutthebenefitsoffiberareprobablymorecommoninnursinghomesthanhighsch ools.Butalongcomesanewstudythatcouldchangethat.KristiKing，adietspecialistatTeGasChildren'sHospitalfindsit'shardtogetteenagerpatients’attentionabouthealthyeatingbuttellingthemthateatinglotsofhigh-fiberfoodscouldreducetheriskofb reastcancerbeforemiddleage.That'sapowerfulmessage.Thenewfindingisbasedonastudyof44,000women.Theyweresurveyedabouttheirdietsduringhig hschool,andtheireatinghabitsweretrackedfortwodecades.Itturnsoutthatthosewhoconsumedthehi ghestlevelsoffiberduringadolescencehadalowerriskofdevelopingbreastcancer,comparedtothewom enwhoatetheleastfiber.Thisimportantstudydemonstratesthatthemorefiberyoueatduringyourhighs choolyears,theloweryourriskisindevelopingbreastcancerinlaterlife.Thefindingpointstolong-standingevidencethatfibermayreducecirculatingfemalehormonelevel s,whichcouldeGplainthereducedrisk.Thebottomlinehereisthemorefiberyoueat,perhaps,alowerlev elofhormoneinyourbody,andtherefore,alowerlifetimeriskofdevelopingbreastcancer.High-fiberdiet sarealsolinkedtoareducedriskofheartdiseaseanddiabetes.That'swhywomenaretoldtoeat25gramsaf iberaday-menevenmore.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Q13.Whatdoesthenewstudytellaboutaddingfibertotheteendiet?Q14.Whatdowelearnaboutthesurveyofthe44,000women?Q15.WhateGplanationdoesthespeakerofferfortheresearchfinding?Passage1Wellmycurrentresearchisreallyaboutconsumerbehavior.SorecentlyI'velookedatyoungpeople's drinkingandit'sobviouslyamajorconcerntoGovernmentatthemoment.I'vealsolookedathowolderpeoplearerepresentedinthemedia;again,it'sofmajorcurrentinterest witholderpeoplebecomingamuchlargerproportionofUKandindeedworldsociety.I'malsointerestedinhowconsumersoperateonline,andhowthatonlinebehaviormightbedifferen tfromhowtheyoperateofflinewhentheygototheshops.Well,Ithinkthattheimportantthinghereistoactuallyunderstandwhat'shappeningfromtheconsu mer'sperspective.OneofthethingsthatbusinessesandindeedGovernmentorganizationsoftenfailtod oistoreallyseewhatishappeningfromtheconsumer'sperspective.ForeGample,inthecaseofyoungpeople'sdrinking,oneofthethingsthatI'veidentifiedisthatdrinki ngforpeoplesaybetweentheagesof18and24isallaboutthesocialactivity.AlotoftheGovernmentadvertisinghasbeenaboutindividualresponsibility,butactuallyunderstan dingthatdrinkingisverymuchaboutthesocialactivityandfindingwaystohelpyoungpeoplegethomesaf elyandnotendupinhospitalisoneofthethingsthatwe'vetriedtopresentthere.Thekeythingaboutconsumerbehavioristhatit'sverymuchabouthowconsumerschange.Markets alwayschangefasterthanmarketing;sowehavetolookatwhatconsumersaredoing.CurrentlyIteachconsumerbehaviortoundergraduatesintheirsecondyearandwelookatallkindsof thingsinconsumerbehaviorandparticularlyhowconsumersarepresentedinadvertising.Sotheygetinvolvedbylookingatadvertisingandreallycriticallyassessingtheconsumerbehavioras pectsofitandgettinginvolvedsometimesdoingprimaryresearch.ForeGample,lastyearmystudentsspentaweeklookingattheirownpurchasingandanalyzeditindet ailfromshoppingtotherelationshipthattheyhavewiththeirretailbanksandtheirmobilephoneprovider s.Ithinktheyfounditveryusefulanditalsohelpedthemidentifyjustwhatkindofbudgetstheyhadtoo.The factofthematteristhatthere'sawholerangeofinterestingresearchoutthereandIthinkastheyearsgoon, there'sgoingtobemuchmoreforustoconsiderandcertainlymuchmoreforstudentstobecomeinvolvedi n.16.Whatisthespeakercurrentlydoing?17.Whathasthespeakerfoundaboutyoungpeople'sdrinking?18.Whatdoesthespeakersaythathisstudentsdidlastyear?Passage2SwedenwasthefirstEuropeancountrytoprintandusepapermoney,butitmaysoondoawaywithph ysicalcurrencies.Bankscansavealotofmoneyandavoidregulatoryheadachesbymovingtoacash-freesystem,andth eycanalsoavoidbankrobberies,theft,anddirtymoney.ClaerBarrett,theeditorofFinancialTimesMoney,saystheWesternworldisheadedtowardaworld withoutphysicalcurrency."AndyHolder—thechiefeco|nomistatTheBankofEngland—suggestedthattheUKmovetowardsagovernment-backeddigitalcurrency.Butdoesacashlesssocietyre allymakegoodeconomicsense?"Thefactthatcashisbeingdrawnoutofsociety,islessafeatureofoureverydaylives,andtheeaseofel ectronicpayments—isthisactuallymakingusspendmoremoneywithoutrealizingit?"Barrettwantedtofindoutiftheabsenceofphysicalcurrencydoesindeedcauseapersontospendmo re,soshedecidedtoconductaneGperimentafewmonthsago.Shedecidedthatshewasgoingtotrytojustusecashfortwoweekstomakeallofheressentialpurchas esandseewhatthatwoulddotoherspending.Shefoundshedidspendalotlessmoneybecauseitisincredi blyhardtopredicthowmuchcashoneisgoingtoneed—shewasforeverdrawingmoneyoutofcashpoints. Monthslater,shewasstillfindingcashstuffedinhertrouserpocketsandthepocketsofherhandbags.DuringtheeGperiment,Barretttookatrainride.Ontheway,therewasanannouncementthattheres taurantcarwasnotcurrentlyacceptingcreditcards.Thetraincarswerefilledwithgroansbecausemanyof thepassengersweretravelingwithoutcash."Itunderlinesjusthowmuchthingshavechangedinthelastgeneration,"Barrettsays."Myparents, whentheywereyounger,usedtobudgetbyputtingmoneyintoenvelopes—they'dgetpaidandthey'dimmediatelyseparatethecashintopilesandputtheminenvelopes,sotheykne wwhattheyhadtospendweekbyweek.Itwasaveryeffectivewayforthemtokeeptrackoftheirspending. Nowadays,we'realloncreditcards,we'redoingonlinepurchases,andmoneyiskindofbecomingalessph ysicalandmoreimaginarytypeofthingthatwecan'tgetourhandsaround."Q19.WhatdowelearnaboutSweden?Q20.WhatdidClaerBarrettwanttofindoutwithhereGperiment?Q21.WhatdidClaerBarrettfindonhertrainride?Q22.Howdidpeopleofthelastgenerationbudgettheirspending?Passage3Whyshouldyouconsidertakingacourseindemographyincollege?You’llbegrowingupinagenerationwherethebabyboomersaregoingintoretirementanddying.Youwillfacet heproblemsintheagingofthepopulationthathaveneverbeenfacedbefore.Youwillhearmoreandmore aboutmigrationbetweencountriesandbetweenruralareasandcities.Youneedtounderstandasacitize nandasataG payerandasavoterwhat’sreallybehindthearguments.Iwanttotellyouaboutthepast,presentandfutureofthehumanpopulation.Solet’sstartwithafewproblems.Rightnow,abillionpeoplearechronicallyhungry.Thatmeanstheywakeuphu ngry,theyarehungryallday,andtheygotosleephungry.Abillionpeoplearelivinginslums,notthesamebil lionpeople,butthereissomeoverlap.Livinginslumsmeanstheydon’thaveinfrastructuretotakethegarb ageaway,theydon’thavesecurewatersuppliestodrink.Nearlyabillionpeopleareilliterate.Trytoimagineyourlifebeingilliterate.Youcan’treadthelabelsonthebottlesinthesupermarket,ifyoucangettoasupermarket.Two-thirdsofthosepeop lewhoareilliteratearewomenandabout200to215millionwomendon’thaveaccesstobirthcontrolthey want,sothattheycancontroltheirownfertility.Thisisnotonlyaproblemindevelopingcountries.Abouth alfofallpregnanciesgloballyareunintended.SothoseareeGamplesofpopulationproblems.Demographygivesyouthetoolstounderstandandtoaddresstheseproblems.It’snotonlythestudyofhumanpopulation,butthepopulationsofnon-humanspecies,includingviruseslik einfluenza,thebacteriainyourgut,plantsthatyoueat,animalsthatyouenjoyorthatprovideyouwithme at.Demographyalsoincludesthestudyofnon-livingobjectslikelightbulbsandtaGicabs,andbuildingsbe causethesearealsopopulations.Itstudiesthesepopulations,inthepast,presentandfuture,usingquanti tativedataandmathematicalmodelsastoolsofanalysis.Iseedemographyasacentralsubjectrelatedtoeconomics.Itisthemeanstointervenemorewisely,a ndmoreeffectivelyintherealworld,toimprovethewellbeing,notonlyofyourselfimportantasthatmayb ebutofpeoplearoundyouandofotherspecieswithwhomwesharetheplanet.Questions23-25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23.Whatisoneoftheproblemsthespeakermentionsinhistalk?24.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpregnancies?25.Howdoesthespeakerviewthestudyofpopulations?。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案听力原文与解析-
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Putit another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, wewill suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. Inaddition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us toattach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in ouracademic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions todevelop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read greatbooks as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, wemay develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have justheard.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog.Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the AmericanLung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United Statesfor levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America foryear-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected asa 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testingsystems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just whatAclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past fewmonths. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also beable to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, includingoffices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system.Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs ondays when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants ..N restricted .. C consequence . .J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
20186月英语六级真题及答案解析(三套)
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some 1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 len gthiest rivers: the Nileand the Amazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along itsshores. Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually,thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means of transportation, the rivercarried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass bythe splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement arehardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000 mile-long south American rivercarries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile andYangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. The Amazon is so wideat some p oints that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second, the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth stands one island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largest tropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities ofbusiness seminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at the intercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in a British way. And,why should they? (Q19) If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. Itis only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite, itis a central, if we want to sell British products overseas. First, a short quiz.Let’s see how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’s possessions. Question 3: how s hould you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4: where should you try to make all yourappointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK, everyone had a chance to makesome notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am sure that the informationcould equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1: (Q20)you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. Ininternational hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with anIndia colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity ofthe people is without parallel. If you admire your colleague’s beautiful belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This isnot a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctly expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant andsatisfying results. And finally, (Q21) in Spain, some businesses maintain thepattern of working until about 2 o’clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,” the eternal nursery rhyme （儿歌）about girl named M ary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26 reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating27 character s. In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and shewas particularly 30 obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated withabundant Thanksgivinx xg meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditional festivals. In 1863, after17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. PresidentAbraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside thelast Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to NewEngland Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimedauthorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by areal event. When y oung Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of her life that“Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”．A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered thatthe Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world’s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dashsays that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum o f 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians whodesigned and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got itso close to 32 perfect. "We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could havelaid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dashwrites. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design ona grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away from thecardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put our legs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass marketand 26 humans to live on other planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent would ever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn (￡8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearingthat robots will one day become so 29 they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans aregenerally wise enough to manage these problems with alacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could — 31 —be like having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined ma chine, at least some one to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow t he lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeingup 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is w hy we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human h appiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to read world-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A) amassedB) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish CivilWar, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmersagainst two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and theoverall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the EbroDelta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same t ime, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foeagainst the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the Universityof Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing theabsorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italiandishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given theproject greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails forfresh-water aquariums（水族馆）, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, thegiant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new ter ritory, says Serrat. “The question is not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the var ieties withthe most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rh?ne. A season in the field willhelp determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice istaking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local Europeanshort-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistantgene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome （基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fightingtheir enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”？A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life'sgreatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos ofsomething as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your diningcompanion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos andinterrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in theJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoyit more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they wantto photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When p eople were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't toldto take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No,they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works thesame way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also getsyou more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out__________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the results of D iehl’s experiments show that people taking photos?A. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M： we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any differentW：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
How do you come up with the ideaW：So we thought why not rabbitPeople love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。
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2018年6月英语六级听力原文长对话1：西班牙蔬菜汤M: What’s all that? Are you going to make a salad?W: No, I’m going to make a gazpacho.M: What’s that?W: Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly vegetables. I guess you can call it a liquid salad.M: Cold soup? Sounds weird.W: It’s delicious. Trust me! I tried it for the first time during my summer vacation in Spain. You see, in the south of Spain, it gets very hot and summer, up to 42 degrees Celsius, so a cold gazpacho is very refreshing. The main ingredients are tomato, cucumber, bell peppers, olive oil and stale bread.M: Stale bread? Surely you mean bread for dipping into the soup.W: No. bread is crushed and blended in, like everything else. It adds texture and thickness to the soup.M: um…and is it healthy?W: Sure. As I said earlier, it’s mostly vegetables. You can also add different things if you like such as half-boiled eggs or cured ham.M: Cured ham? What’s that?W: That’s another Spanish delicacy. Have you never heard of it? It’s quite famous.M: No. Is it good too?W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and salty. And it is very expensive because it comes from a special type of pig that only eats a special type of food. The ham is covered in salt to dry and preserve it, and left hung for up to two years. It has a very distinct favor.M: um, sounds interesting. Where can I find some?W: It used to be difficult to get Spanish produce here, but it's now a lot more common. Most large supermarket chains have cured ham in little packets. But in Spain, you can buy a whole leg.M: A whole pig leg? Why would anybody want so much ham?W: In Spain, many people buy a whole leg for special group events such as Christmas. They cut it themselves into very thin slices with a long flat knife.Q1 What do we learn about gazpacho?Q2 For what purpose is stale bread mixed into gazpacho?Q3 Why does the woman think gazpacho is healthy?Q4 what does the women say about cured ham?1。
A。
It is a Spanish soup2。
C。
To make it thicker。
3。
B。
It is mainly made of vegetables。
4。
D。
It comes from a special kind of pig。
长对话2：买酒送上司M: Hello, I wish to buy a bottle of wine.W: Hi, yes. What kind of wine would you like?M: I don’t know. Sorry, I don’t know much about wine.W: That’s no problem at all. What’s the occasion and how much would you like to spend?M: It’s for my boss. It’s his birthday. I know he likes wine but I don’t know what type. I also did not want anything too expensive. Maybe middle range. How much would you say is a middle range bottle of a wine approximately?W: Well, it varies greatly. Our lowest prices are around 60 dollars a bottle but those are table wines. They are not very special and I would not suggest them as a gift. On the other hand, our most expensive bottles are over a hundred and fifty dollars. If you are looking for something priced in the middle, I would say anything between 30 dollars and 60 dollars would make a decent gift. How does that sound?M: um, yeah. I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or 40 would be good. Which type would you recommend?W: I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally more popular than whites and can usually be paired with food more easily. Our specialty here are Italian wines and these tend to be fruity with medium acidity. This one here is a Chianti which is perhaps Italy's most famous type of red wine. Alternatively, you may wish to try and surprise your boss with something less common such as this Zinfandel. The grapes are originally native to Croatia, but this winery is in eastern Italy. And it has more spicy and peppery flavor. So, to summarize, the Chianti is more classical and Zinfandel more exciting. Both are similarly priced, and just under 40 dollars.M: I'll go with Chianti then, thanks.Q5 What does the woman think of table wines?Q6 What is the price range of wine the man will consider?Q7 Why does the woman recommend red wines?Q8 What do we learn about the wine the man finally bought?5。
C。
They do not make decent gifts。
6。
D。
$30-$407。
A。
They go well with different kinds of food。
8。
C。
It is Italy’s most famous type of red wine。
Passage One ：战时密码Many people enjoy secret codes. The harder the code, the more some people will try to figure it out. In wartime, codes are especially important. They help army send news about battles and the sizes of enemy forces. Neither side wants its codes broken by the other. One very important code was never broken. It was used during World War II by the Americans. It was a spoken code never written down. And it was developed and used by Navajo Indians. They were called “the Navajo code talkers” the Navajos created the code in their own language. Navajo is hard to learn. Only a few people know it. So it was pretty certain that the enemy would not be able to understand the cold talkers. In addition, the talkers used code words. They called a submarine an iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand a potato. If they wanted to spell something, they used code words for letters of the alphabet. For instance, the letter A was ant or apple or eggs. The code talkers worked mostly in the islands in the Pacific. One or two would be assigned to a group of soldiers. They would send messages by field telephone to the code talker in the next group. And he would relay the information to his commander. The code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped troops coordinate their movements and attacks. After the war, the US government honored them for what they had accomplished. Theirs was the most successful wartime code ever used.Q9 What does the speaker say many people enjoy doing?Q10 What do we learn about Navajo code talkers?Q11 What is the speaker mainly talking about?9。