美国文学期末考试问答题及答案
美国文学复习题有答案

美国文学复习题有答案
1. 谁是美国文学史上第一位重要的诗人?
答案:爱德华·泰勒(Edward Taylor)。
2. 19世纪美国文学中,哪位作家的作品以幽默和讽刺著称?
答案:马克·吐温(Mark Twain)。
3. 简述赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的《白鲸》中的主要冲突。
答案:《白鲸》中的主要冲突是船长亚哈对白鲸莫比·迪克的复仇。
4. 谁是“垮掉的一代”文学运动中最著名的诗人?
答案:艾伦·金斯伯格(Allen Ginsberg)。
5. 在菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》中,盖茨比的悲剧结局是什么?
答案:盖茨比被威尔逊误杀,因为他认为盖茨比是导致他妻子死亡
的罪魁祸首。
6. 描述艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌风格。
答案:艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌风格以简洁、使用短句和强烈个人情
感表达为特点。
7. 谁是20世纪美国文学中“南方文艺复兴”的代表人物?
答案:威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)。
8. 在《杀死一只知更鸟》中,阿提克斯·芬奇律师为何受到小镇居民
的尊敬?
答案:阿提克斯·芬奇律师因坚持正义和平等,为一个被错误指控
的黑人辩护而受到尊敬。
9. 简述海明威的“冰山理论”。
答案:海明威的“冰山理论”是指在写作中只展示故事的表面部分,而将更深层的意义和情感留给读者去揣摩。
10. 在《愤怒的葡萄》中,约德一家的旅程象征着什么?
答案:约德一家的旅程象征着美国大萧条时期农民的苦难和对更
好生活的不懈追求。
《美国文学》题库及答案

《美国⽂学》题库及答案《美国⽂学》题库及答案I.Multiple Choice1. American literature is only more than ____ years old.A. 500B.400C. 200D.1002. The Puritan values did no include______.A. wastefulnessB. thriftC. pietyD. hard work3. The 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment.______was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RomanticismD. Realism4. Franklin was the epitome of the______.A. American EnlightenmentB. Sugar ActC. Charlist movementD. Romanticism5. _____was the most leading spirit of the Transcendentalism.A. FranklinB. HawthorneC. PaineD. Emerson6. “Moby Dick was written by_____A. Mark TwainB. ThoreauC. MelvilleD. Whitman7. “The Scarlet Letter” is characterized by its______.C. PlatonismD. classicism8. “Huckleberry Finn is the masterpiece of________.A. Henry JamesB. Jack LondonC. Mark TwainD. Stephen Crane9. Choose the novel written by Henry JamesA. The Golden BowlB. The Portrait of a LadyC. Sister CarrieD. Daisy Miller10. Early in the 20th century, _____ published works that would change the nature of American poetry.A. Ezra PoundB. T.S. EliotC. Robert FrostD. both A and B11._____ is the founder of “Imagist” movement.A. Ezra PoundB. HemingwayC. Robert FrostD. Steinbeck12. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by_____A. NaturalismB. TranscendentalismC. Local ColorismD. Imagism13. ________ is said to be the father of American poetryA. T.S. EliotB. E.D. RobinsonC. Philip FreneauD. Dreiser14. Hawthorne is regarded as a _______.C. realistD. romanticist15. ______ represents the most leading spirit of American Transcendentalism.A. EmersonB. FranklinC. Mark TwainD. Whitman16.“The Art of Fiction” was written by_____A. LongfellowB. Henry JamesC. FitzgeraldD. Faulkner17. Imagination plays the most important part in________.A. realismB. romanticismC. naturalismD. classicism18. ______ is considered to be the masterpiece of John Steinbeck.A. Mending WallB. Dry SeptemberC. A Farewell to ArmsD. The Grapes of Wrath19. Uncle Tom in the novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a(n)______A. Negro slaveB. salesmanC. industrialistD. officer20. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by______A. NaturalismB. TranscendentalismC. Local ColorismD. Imagism21. “The Great Gatsby” is the masterpiece of_____C. DickinsonD. Hemingway22. The United States of America was founded in______.A. 1776B. 1876C. 1789D.168923. The ancestors of American Indians were______A. AsiansB. AfricansC. EuropeansD. Australians24. “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” was written by______.A. H.B. Stowe B. John SteinbeckC. HawthorneD. Mark Twain25. ______ does not belong to the lost generation.A. DreiserB. T.S. EliotC. FaulknerD. Hemingway26. ______ was well known for his story “Rip Van Winkle.”A. BryantB. Washington IrvingC. Allan PoeD. Philip Freneau27. “Farewell to Arms” is the master pieced produced by______A. FaulknerB. DreiserC. HemingwayD. Longfellow28. It was ______ who wrote the formal declaration of independence.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Benjamin FranklinC. WashingtonD. Washington Irving29. _____has been exerting a great and enduring influence upon world literature, especially that of France and European symbolism.A. FranklinB. BradstreetC. Edgar Allan PoeD. Philip Freneau30. The masterpiece of Hawthorne is _________.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Sister CarrieC. Richard CoryD. A Psalm of Life31. Engene O’Neill is a _______.A. novelistB. poetC. puritanD. dramatist32.Hemingway’s style of writing is characterized by______.A. high-sounding wordsB. simple dictionC. complicated sentencesD. mix metaphor33. T.S. Eliot is not only a poet but also a ______.A. criticB. statesmanC. churchmanD. novelists34. “Long Day’s Journey Into Night” was written by_____.A. T.S. EliotB. O’NeillC. Stephen CraneD. Saul Bellow35. “The Grape of Wrath” is one of the remarkable novels of_____.A. the Civil WarB. DepressionC. SuppressionD. Aggression36. Theodore Dreiser showed the_____ tendency in his novels.A. PuritanismB. classicismC. romanticismD. naturalism37. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the leading figure of________.A. TranscendentalismB. RomanticismC. RationalismD. Naturalism38. “The Sound and the Fury” was the masterpiece of ______A. Robert Lee FrostB. T.S. EliotC. FaulknerD. Steinbeck39. Emily Dickinson is an American________.A. dramatistB. novelistC. female poetD. male poet40. “Th Emily Dickinson is an American ark Twain’s______A. materialismB. classicismC. socialismD. colorism41. “The Portrait of a Lady” is one of best novels of_________.A. Henry JamesB. John SteinbeckC. William FaulknerD. Walt Whitman42. What Whitman is famous for his_________.A. “Leaves of Grass”B. “Mending Wall”C. “Richard Cory”D. “The Burial of the Dead”43. “Catch-22” is the masterpiece of______A. Saul BellowB. Joseph HellerC. DreiserD. Fitzgerald44. The English settlement in America began in_________A.1507B.1607C.1707D.180745. The first World War broke out in______.A.1614B.1714C.1814D.191446. The jazz age refers to the decade ofA.1950’sB.1980’sC.1920’sD.1820’s47. Franklin was a _____.A. PuritanB. romanticistC. classicistD. imagist48. “Rip Van Winkle” was written by_______.A. FreneauB. Allan PoeC. Washington IrvingD. Thomas Jefferson49.“The Scarlet Letter” is the masterpiece of______.C. BradstreetD. Allan Poe50.It was______who wrote “The Age of Reason”A. WashingtonB. JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. Thomas Paine51.“Song of Myself” is a ______written by Whitman.A. novelB. poemC. dramaD. essay52.Tom in Beecher Stowe’s novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin is a _____.A. Negro slaveB. American IndianC. School masterD. industrialist53. Mark Twain belongs to the literary school of_____.A. transcendentalismB. realismC. romanticismD. naturalism54._______is a famous American female poet.A. Allan PoeB. FreneauC. Emily DickinsonD. Robinson55. “The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn” is the masterpiece of_____.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. Stephen CraneD. Robert Lee Frost56. It was____ who wrote the poem “The Road Not Taken.”C. Robert Lee FrostD. T.S.EliotⅡ Define the literary terms briefly in English1. American Transcendentalism2. Romanticism3. The Puritans4. Realism5. Enlightenment6. Transcendentalism7. EnlightenmentIII Explain the following quotations in your own words.1. Success is counted sweetest By those who ne’er succeed.2. Two roads diverged in a wood, and I took the one less traveled by And that has made all the difference.3. Let us, then, be up and doing, With heart for any fate;Still achieving, still pursuing, Learn to labor and to wait.4. And he was always quietly arrayed, And he was always human when he talked.5. Tell me not, in mournful numbers, Life is but an empty dream!_____6. To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need.7. But still he fluttered pulses when he said,“Good morning”, and he glittered when he walked.8. something there is that doesn’t love a wall,He says again, “Good fences make good neighbors.”9. Fair flower, that dost so comely grow, Hid in this silent, dull retreat10. But to act, that each tomorrow Find us farther than today11. But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. Ⅳ Answer the following questions in English1. Why is American literature important for you?2. What is the theme of “The Waste Land”?3. Whose novel (or which novel) do you enjoy most?Why?4. What is the style of Hemingway’s novel?5. What is the significance of American literature?6. Do you like American literature? Why?7. What is the real theme in “Sister Carrie”?8. What is the central subject and primary significance of Hawthorne’s major works?9. Which American writer do you like best? Why?10. What is the theme of “Catch-22”?11. What are the features of Emily Dickinson’s poems?12. Why should we learn American literature?13. Which poem do you enjoy most? Why?《美国⽂学》作业参考答案I.Multiple Choice1.C2.A3.B4.A5.D6.C7.A8.C9.B 10.D11.A 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.C21.B 22.C 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.A31.D 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.D41.A 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.B 49. A 50.D51.B 52.A 53.B 54.C 55. A 56. CII.Define the literary terms briefly in English1.American transcendentalism was a philosophical dissent from Unitarianism. Transcendentalists rejected the materialistic psychology in favor of the idealism of Kant who asserted that intuition could surpass reason as a guide to the truth. To transcendentalists, spirit is inherent and pervading and is the only reality in the universe in which nature stood as a symbol of Spirit. Transcendentalismemphasized the divinity of man, the significance and right of the individual, and the possibility of the self-perfection of the individual.2. Romanticism is characterized by the pursuit of freedom, emphasis of individualism, a reliance upon the good of nature and “natural” man, and an abiding faith in the boundless resources of the human spirit and imagination.3.The Puritans were members of the church of England who at first wished to reform or “Purify its doctrines. They kept in common with all advocates o f strict Christian orthodox, insisting on man’s original sin and depravity.4. Realism is a literary school. The American realist William Dean Howells refered to the method of realistic literary creation as “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material. The realists tended to be highly selective in their choice of material, focusing upon what seemed real to their largely middle-class readers.5. Enlightenment in America was a progressive “intellectual movement which contributed to free the Americans from the limitation of Puritanism which had been prevailing in American society, and stimulate them to strive for the establishment of their independent and democratic nation. The enlighteners were confident in the proqress by education and appealed to Reason.6.American transcendentalism was a political dissent from Unitarianism. Transcendentalists rejected the materialistic psychology in favour of the idealism of kant who asserted that intuition could surpass reason as a guide to the truth. To transcendentalists, spirit is inherent and pervading and is the only reality in the universe in which nature stood as a symbol of Spirit. Transcendentalists emphasized the divinity of man, the significance and right of the individual, and the possibility of the self-perfection of the individual.7. Enlightenment in America was a progressive intellectual movement which contributed to free the Americans fromthe limitations of Purtanism which had been prevailing in American society, and stimulate them to strive for their independent and democratic nation. The enlighteners were confident in the proqress of education and appealed to reason.III Explain the following quotations in your own words.1. Those who have never succeeded before will enjoy the sweetness o success most.2. In my life and literary creation, I did not follow others’ footsteps (or footprints). SometimesI chose a different way. That was the reason why I was unique and different from them both in life and poetic writing.3. Let us rise up and take actionTo meet any challenge in our life.We should learn to work and to be patientAnd persevere in pursuing our goalTill we reap the fruit of achievement one after another.4. He always dressed himself properly and elegantly And he showed his kindness and considerateness when talked with others.5. Don’t tell me in sad voice that life is nothing but an meaningless and empty dream.6. Only when you feel thirstiest and bitterest, can you really understand and enjoy the holy sweet drink.7. He stirred the pulses of the persons he was greeting with “Good morning”. While he was walking, his manners appeared to be so brilliant and attractive that he drow much public attention.8. Wall, as a barrier for communication or mutual understanding, is not good at all. Sometimes, it is necessary to remove the wall.Wall, as a boundary or limitation or border, is needed sometimes, so that good relations can be kept among different strata of people, or different countries.Wall is a paradox, which is both good and bad in haman life9.The honeysuckle qrows so agreeably and beautifully.However the beautiful flower hid its beauty in the quiet and lonely place.10.We had better take action every day, not remain idle and inactive so that we can make progress each day.11.I have a lot of obligations and duties to fulfill, so there is still a long way for me to go beforeI can relax or leave this world.Ⅳ Answer the following questions in English1. Key points:① the significance of American literature in the world literature ② the manifestation of American life and culture③the requirement of improving English2. The theme of the poem is modern spiritual barrenness, the despair and depression that followed the first world war, the sterility and turbulence of the modern world, and the decline and breakdown of Western culture.3. The answer depends on individual student’s inclination.4. His style of writing is characterized by short and terse sentences, simple diction filled with emotion, vivid colloquialisms, and particularly the simplicity of his laconic statements.5. Key points: ① its place in the world literature② the manifestation of American life and culture③ the requirement of professional knowledge and skills as English majon.6. The answer is flexible. It de pends on an individual Student’s inclination.7. The real theme in Sister Carrie is the purposelessness of life. While looking at individuals with warm, human sympathy, he also sees the disorder and cruelty of life in general.8. The central subject of Haw thorne’s major works was the human soul. His exploration of the soul resulted from his skeptical attitude toward the social reality that was characterized by a rapid change in almost all aspects of social life, and from his ambition to probe into the nature of man. The primary significance of his major works dwells in the interect and the consistend vitality of his criticism of life.9. The answer is flexible, depending on students’ inclination, logic and language skills.10. Its real theme is to expose the dehumanization of all contemporary institutions, the absurd and corrupt bureancracy and the alienation of individuals existing in a systemized chaotic condition, such as war.punctuation and capitalization. Her mode of expression is characterized by clear-cut and delicately original imagery, precise diction, and fragmentary and enigmatic metrical pattern.12. Key points: ①the significance of American literature in the world literature ② the manifestation of American life and culture ③ the requirement of improving English.13. The answer is flexible and depends on student’s inclination.。
美国文学试题及答案

美国文学试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 马克·吐温的代表作是以下哪一部?A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《哈克贝利·芬历险记》C. 《白鲸》D. 《老人与海》答案:B2. 爱伦·坡的《乌鸦》属于什么文学流派?A. 浪漫主义B. 现实主义C. 哥特式D. 现代主义答案:C3. 《飘》的作者是谁?A. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫B. 玛格丽特·米切尔C. 简·奥斯汀D. 乔治·艾略特答案:B4. 以下哪部作品不是亨利·詹姆斯的作品?A. 《贵妇人的画像》B. 《使节》C. 《简·爱》D. 《贵妇人的画像》答案:C5. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作?A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《喧哗与骚动》C. 《老人与海》D. 《白鲸》答案:B二、填空题(每题2分,共10分)1. 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的作者是________。
答案:哈丽叶特·比彻·斯托2. 《红字》的作者是________。
答案:纳撒尼尔·霍桑3. 《草叶集》的作者是________。
答案:沃尔特·惠特曼4. 《愤怒的葡萄》的作者是________。
答案:约翰·斯坦贝克5. 《太阳照样升起》的作者是________。
答案:欧内斯特·海明威三、简答题(每题5分,共20分)1. 简述《白鲸》中主人公艾哈布船长的形象。
答案:艾哈布船长是《白鲸》中的主人公,他是一个对捕鲸有着极端执着的船长,他的复仇心理和对白鲸的执念几乎占据了他整个人生。
他的形象代表了人类对自然的挑战和对未知的恐惧。
2. 描述《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比的美国梦。
答案:《了不起的盖茨比》中的盖茨比代表了20世纪20年代的美国梦,他通过自己的努力从贫穷中崛起,追求财富和社会地位,但最终因为追求一个无法实现的爱情和对过去的执着而走向悲剧。
美国文学 问答题 答案 整理

问答题3. Why did Mark Twain define the period of the civil war as a “Gilded Age”?4. What is “Naturalism” in literary creation?1)Naturalism a more deliberate kind of realism, usually involves a view of human beings as apassive victims of natural forces and social environment.2)Naturalism a more deliberate kind of realism, usually involves a view of human beings as apassive victims of natural forces and social environment.3)The most significant work of naturalism in English is Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie.4)The first naturalistic writer in America is Stephen Crane (the red badge of courage)5. What is the “lost generation”? Who were the most important writers of the lost generation?The term lost generation was coined by Gertrude Stein to refer to a group of American literary notables who lived in Paris from the time period which saw the end of WWI to the beginning of the Great Depression. Significant members included Earnest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Thomas Stearns Eliot, and Gertrude himself.6.Puritanism in colonial AmericaPuritanism, in the 16th and 17th cent., a movement for reform in the Church of England that had a profound influence on the social, political, ethical, and theological ideas of England and America.1) Puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2) Puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.3)American Puritanism contains original sin, predestination, total depravity,limited atonement of God's grace.7. The founding fathers of America.George Washington Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Franklin8. TranscendentalismAs a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematized. It exalted feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. They believed in the transcendence of the “Oversoul”, an all-pervading power for goodness from which all things come and of which all things are a part.Representatives: Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau and Nathaniel Hawthorne9. What is the “beat generation” and its writer10. Imagism(意象主义)a literary movement launched by British and American poets early in the 20th century that advocated the use of free verse, common speech patterns, and clear concrete images as a reaction to Victorian sentimentalism.1。
美国文学期末试卷及其规范标准答案

《美国文学》期末考试试卷(B卷)1.Poor Richard’s Almanac ( )2.The House of the Seven Gables ( )3.“Raven”( )4.My Antonia ( )5.Babbitt ( )6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8.A Farewell to Arms ( )9.The Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )mon Sense ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle”( )13. Walden( )14. The Song of Hiawatha( )15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( )16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( )17.Sister Carrie( )18.The Waste Land( )19. A Farewell to Arms( )20.The Great Gatsby( )1.defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel LanghorneClemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the directtreatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in hismasterpiece novel _________.5.is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for hisvigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\8._______________________was a great democratic poet. He is also the great poet touse the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyric poet.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it strings the incidentson the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in_______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything, history,philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. Thiswas ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________ The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo thatrepresentation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene,_______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poemsloosely connected.A. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished a revolutionin literary style and language.A. Gertrude SteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from theirfarm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticismwere the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced the activethinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis” is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”. V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is _________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it byexperience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God. Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in thewoods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal(入口),and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion? (5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and downThe pleasant streets of that dear old town,And my youth comes back to me.And a verse of a Lapland songIs haunting my memory still:"A boy's will is the wind's will,And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word, usually averb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza. What is the verb andwhat kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem _______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.(10%)3.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.(10%)《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. (diction,rhyme and rhythm,rhetorical devices.)The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"(1)3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2)VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.(10%)3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.(10%)The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
《美国文学》试卷 及答案 American Literature for English major

《美国文学》试卷班级学号姓名I. Choose the best answer for each blank or question. (50%)1. _______ was usually regarded as the first American writer.A. William BradfordB. Anne BradstreetC. Emily DickinsonD. Captain John Smith2. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the _______ values that dominated much of the early American writing.A. RomanticismB. PuritanC. EnlightenmentD. Realist3. The 18th-century American Enlightenment was a movement marked by anemphasis on _______.A. rationality rather than traditionB. belief in human perfection through educationC. opposition to old colonial order and religious obscurantism(蒙昧主义)D. all of above4 Which of the following is not a writer of American literature of reason andrevolution?A. Benjamin FranklinB. Thomas PaineC. Washington IrvingD. Thomas Jefferson5. Which is of the following works is not written by Thomas Paine?A. Common SenseB. The American CrisisC. The Rights of ManD. The Autobiography6. _______ was regarded as Father of the American short stories.A. James Fenimore CooperB. Thomas PaineC. Washington IrvingD. William Bradford7. _______ was regarded as the first American novelist.A. James Fenimore CooperB. Edger Allan PoeC. Washington IrvingD. Nathaniel Hawthorne8. The general characteristics of American Romanticism are following except_____.A. the celebration of natural beauty and the simple lifeB. stress on reason rather than emotionC. interest in the picturesque past and remote placesD. individualism and historical romance9. _______ is a literary and philosophical movement which flourished in NewEngland from the 1830s to 1860s, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition.A. PuritanismB. TranscendentalismC. RomanticismD. Symbolism10. The Transcendentalist group includes two of the most significant Americanwriters, Ralph Waldo Emerson and _______.A. Henry David ThoreauB. Washington IrvingC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman11. Which of the following is not a principle of Transcendentalism?A. The importance of a direct relationship with GodB. An individual is the spiritual center of the universeC. The need to pursue unity with natureD. The use of scientific reason as the basis for truth12. What term do Transcendentalists use to describe the unity that exists betweenman, nature, and God?A. NirvanaB. OversoulC. OnenessD. Intuition13. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______ at Harvard,which was praised by Oliver Wendell H olmes as “Our intellectual Declaration of Independence.”A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. Divinity School AddressD. The American Scholar14.A book _______ came out of Thoreau’s two-year experiment at Walden Pond.A. WaldenB. Self-RelianceC. Civil DisobedienceD. English Traits15. Which of the following works is not written by Nathaniel Hawthorne?A. The House of the Seven GablesB. White JacketC. The Marble FaunD. The Scarlet Letter16. In The Scarlet Letter, what does Pearl best represent throughout the novel?A. The living embodiment of Hester's sinB. A young innocent childC. The unifying force that will bring Hester and Dimmesdale together at the endD. A form of punishment for Hester17. As time goes by, Hester’s scarlet letter eventually comes to stand for _______.A. AdmirableB. AloneC. AbleD. Adultery18. Who is the greatest sinner in The Scarlet Letter?A. Roger ChillingworthB. Hester PrynneC. Arthur DimmesdaleD. Pearl19. ____ can be broadly defined as “the faithful representation of reality” or “verisimilitude(逼真)”. It includes the period of time from the Civil War to the turn of the century.A. American RealismB. American TranscendentalismC. American SentimentalismD. American Romanticism20. Who is not a writer of American Realism?A. William Dean HowellsB. Mark TwainC. Henry JamesD. Herman Melville21. _______ is poetry that has no fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A. Free verseB. Blank verseC. BalladD. Lyric22. The poetry in Leaves of Grass clearly demonstrates Whitm an’s faith in _______.A. capitalismB. federalismC. democracyD. socialism23. Whitman believed that poetry should be _______.A. spoken, not writtenB. read, not spokenC. created, not quotedD. personal, not public24. The themes of Leaves of Grass are_______.A. celebration of the freedom and dignity of individualB. death as a process of lifeC. universal brotherhood of manD. all of above25. Which of the following statements about Emily Dickinson is not true?A. In most of her life she had an isolated life, not leaving her house and seeing closefriends.B. She knew such famous writers as Shakespeare and Bronte sisters.C. The American Civil War affected her thinking and writing a lot.D. She took no interest in having her poems published.26. Which of the following is not true to the characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poetry?A. Her poems are innovative.B. Her poems are highly compact.C. Her poems are very long.D. Her poems are highly subjective.27. In the line “We slowly dr ove — He knew no haste / And I had put away / My labor andmy leisure too, / For His Civility —”, the word “civility” means ______.A. abilityB. politenessC. kindnessD. pleasure28. Mark Twain is regarded as one of the forerunners of American _______ literature.A. romanticismB. naturalismC. realismD. modernism29. Which of the following is not true?A. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is considered one of the best books about anAmerican boy’s life in the eighteen hundreds.B. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is largely based on the author’s personal memories ofgrowing up in Hannibal in the 1840s.C. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is written in the third person point of view.D. The setting of the novel, St. Petersburg, is a town where the author grew up.30. In 1935, Ernest Hemingway wrote: “All modern American literature comes from onebook by Mark Twain called _______.A. Innocent AbroadB. Huckleberry FinnC. The Gilded AgeD. Life on the Mississippi31. Writers of the first postwar era self-consciously acknowledged that they were a_______.A. Modern GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Lost GenerationD. Last Generation32. Which of the following works is not written by F. Scott Fitzgerald?A. Tender is the NightB. This Side of ParadiseC. The Last TycoonD. The Waste Land33. Which university did F. Scott Fitzgerald enter but drop before graduation?A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Boston UniversityD. Princeton University34. The term _______ is often applied to the 1920’s.A. Blue Age B Jazz AgeC. Roaring AgeD. Gilded Age35. Which of these details is true about Gatsby’s past?A. He fought in the warB. He’s the son of wealthy people from the MidwestC. He received a degree from OxfordD. All of above36. Which of the following is not symbolized by the green light in The Great Gatsby?A. moneyB. the American DreamC. natureD. optimism37. The road between West Egg and East egg is _______.A. A “valley of ashes”B. A literary illusion to the mythological River Styx(冥河)C. A literary illusion to the Waste Land by T.S. EliotD. All of these38. Why is Nick Carraway the perfect choice to narrate the novel?A. Because he is not a character in the story he tells.B. Because he can narrate not only what he see s but also what he doesn’t see.C. Because he is tolerant, open-minded, quiet, and a good listener, as a result, otherstend to talk to him and tell him their secrets.D. Because he regards Gatsby as a great man.39. In 1950 _______ was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature for the year 1949.A. William FaulknerB. Ernest HemingwayC. John Steinbeck C. Henry James40. Who coined the expression “lost generation”?A. Gertrude SteinB. Ernest HemingwayC. Ezra PoundD. T. S. Eliot41. In 1954 _______ won the Nobel Prize for Literature “for his powerful, style-formingmastery of the art of modern narration”.A. Ernest HemingwayB. William FaulknerC. F. Scott FitzgeraldD. Henry James42. The code of Hemingway heroes may be summed up in his phrase _______.A. dignity in despairB. truth in simplicityC. rebels against traditionD. grace under pressure43. Who said the following: “the dignity of movement of an ice-berg is due to only oneeighth of it being above water”?A. William FaulknerB. Ernest HemingwayC. John Steinbeck C. Henry James44. Which war serves as the background for A Farwell to Arms?A. Spanish civil warB. World War IC. World War IID. Mexican-American War45. What dose rain symbolize in A Farewell to Arms?A. LoveB. DeathC. WarD. Hope46. What is not depicted in A Farewell to Arms?A. war and loveB. illness and injuryC. death and disillusionmentD. military glory and heroism47. Which of the following works is not written by William Faulkner?A. The Sound and the FuryB. Light in AugustC. The Grape of WrathD. As I Lay Dying48. Most of Faulkner’s major works are set in an imaginary place called _______.A. OxfordB. MississippiC. Yoknapatawpha CountyD. New Albany49. Emily Dickinson’s poetry covers a wide range of themes. Which of the following is notthe theme of her poetry?A. love and natureB. success and failureC. mortality and immortalityD. war and peace50. Mark Twain is famous for his _______ writing style.A. humorousB. romanticC. pessimisticD. freeColumn A Column B1. Walden A. Emily Dickinson2. The American Crisis B. Nathaniel Hawthorne3. The Scarlet Letter C. Thomas Jefferson4. The Last of the Mohicans D. F. Scott Fitzgerald5. Song of Myself E. Ernest Hemingway6. Because I could not stop for death F. Henry David Thoreau7. The Declaration of Independence G .. Ralph Waldo Emerson8. The Great Gatsby H. James Fenimore Cooper9. A Farewell to Arms I. Walt Whitman10. Nature J. Thomas PaineIII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false. (10%)1. Leaves of Grass is a collection of poems written mainly in blank verse.2. In the poem “Because I could not stop for death ”, the speaker personifies death as a polite gentleman in order to show that death is horrible and terrifying.3. The Lost Generation is a name applied to the disillusioned intellectuals and aesthetics of the years following the First World War, who rebelled against former ideals and values but could replace them only by despair or a cynical hedonism.4. East Egg where Gatsby lives symbolizes the emergence of the new rich of the 1920s while West Egg where Tom and Daisy live symbolizes the old upper class that continued to dominate the American society.5. The tragic ending of A Farewell to Arms sums up the writer’s theme about the horrific world that the violence and chaos of war would eventually destroy people’s love and life.IV . Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.(30%)1. We passed the School, where Children stroveAt Recess — in the Ring —We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain —We passed the Setting Sun —Questions:1) Who wrote these lines?2) In which poem do you read it?3) What dose “we ” refer to?4) In this stanza, what does “the School ”, “the Fields of Gazing Grain ”, and “the Setting Sun ” respectively (分别地)symbolize?2. Vacation was approaching. The schoolmaster, always severe, grewseverer and more exacting than ever, for he wanted the school to make a goodshowing on Examination Day. His rod and his ferule were seldom idle now —at least among the smaller pupils. Only the big boys, and young ladies ofeighteen and twenty, escaped lashing.Questions:5) From which novel is this section taken?6) Who is the author of the novel?7) Give a brief analysis of the major character in the novel.3. There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights.In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplane(滑木板)over cataracts(大瀑布)of foam. Questions:8) From which novel is this section taken?9) Who is the author of this novel?10) What does this section describe?11) Give a brief analysis of the major themes of the novel.4. “Are you all right, Cat?”“I’ve been having some pains, darling.”“Regularly?”“No, not very.”“If you have them at all regularly we’ll go to the hospital.”Questions:12) Who wrote this dialogue?13) In which novel do you read it?14) Who are the two speakers in this dialogue?15) Give a brief analysis of the writer’s writing style.《美国文学》试卷 答题卷班级 学号 姓名I. Choose the best answer for each blank or question. (50%)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.II. Match the work from column A for the writer in column B. (10%)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false. (10%)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.IV . Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.(30%)1. 1)2)3)4)2. 5) 6) 7)3. 8) 9)10)11)4. 12) 13)14)15)《美国文学》答案I. Choose the best answer for each blank or question. (50%)1. D2. B3. D4. C5. D6. C7. A8. B9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. A 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. C 49. D 50. AII. Match the work from column A for the writer in column B.1. F2. J3. B4. H5. I6. A7. C8. D9. E 10. GIII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false. (20%)1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TIV. Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.(30%)1. 1) Emily Dickinson 2) Because I could not stop for death3) “We” refers to the speaker and Death.4) “the School” represents the early part of life, childhood.“the Fields of Gazing Grains” represents adulthood. Grain also symbolizes fertility, and since adulthood is when people have children.“the Setting Sun” represents old age, the end of the life.2. 5) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 6) Mark Twain7) Tom is a mischievous boy with an active imagination, untiring energy and thirst foradventure, has a good heart and a strong moral conscience. When the novel begins, Tom is a mischievous child who envies Huck Finn’s lazy lifestyle and freedom. As Tom’s adventures proceed, Tom moves away from his childhood concerns and makes mature, responsible decisions. By the end of the novel, He is no longer a disobedient character, but a defender of responsibility. In the end, growing up for Tom means embracing social custom and sacrificing the freedoms of childhood.3. 8) The Great Gatsby 9) F. Scott Fitzgerald10) In this section Gatsby is holding a luxurious party to which all kinds of guestswhether invited or not come to enjoy music, drinks, food and sunshine on the beach.It’s a grand and splendid party.11) The themes of the novel include the following points: first, it reveals the decline ofthe American Dream in the 1920s. As Fitzgerald saw it, the American dream was originally about discovery, individualism, and the pursuit of happiness. In the 1920s depicted in the novel, however, easy money and relaxed social values have corrupted this dream, especially on the East Coast. Second, it describes the hollowness of the upper class. Third, the novel also reflects the ignorance of the characters who have little self-knowledge and even less knowledge of each other.4. 12) A Farewell to Arms 13) Ernest Hemingway14) Frederic Henry & Catherine Barkley15) His prose style is simple, clear, direct, and precise. His diction is fundamental,favoring plain words. His sentences are short and declarative, often connected by “and”, “then”, and sometimes “so.” His much celebrated technique of the repetition of words, phrases, and sentence structure has the effect of substantiating detail or building up emotional intensity. Dialogue is a distinguishing feature of his style.His fictional world is full of disorder violence, and misery. Without hope, his heroes face it with honor, courage, and endurance. Their code may be summed up in his phrase “grace under pressure.”11。
美国文学试题及答案

美国文学试题及答案# 美国文学试题及答案## 一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 马克·吐温的代表作是以下哪部作品?A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》C. 《白鲸》D. 《草叶集》2. 以下哪位作家被誉为“美国现代主义文学之父”?A. 欧内斯特·海明威B. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德C. 亨利·詹姆斯D. 埃德加·爱伦·坡3. 《飘》的作者是谁?A. 玛格丽特·米切尔B. 哈珀·李C. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫D. 乔治·奥威尔4. 《老人与海》的主人公是以下哪位?A. 汤姆·索亚B. 哈克贝利·芬C. 桑地亚哥D. 盖茨比5. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作?A. 《喧哗与骚动》B. 《熊》C. 《我弥留之际》D. 《太阳照常升起》## 二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)6. 爱伦·坡的《_________》被认为是侦探小说的开山之作。
7. 《了不起的盖茨比》中,盖茨比的豪宅位于_________。
8. 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是美国内战前的一部重要作品,它由_________所著。
9. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫是_________文学流派的代表人物之一。
10. 哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》通过_________的视角探讨了种族歧视问题。
## 三、简答题(每题15分,共30分)11. 简述《白鲸》中主人公艾哈布船长的性格特点。
12. 描述《草叶集》中惠特曼的诗歌风格。
## 四、论述题(30分)13. 论述《飘》中斯嘉丽·奥哈拉的人物形象及其在小说中的意义。
## 参考答案1. B2. C3. A4. C5. A6. 莫格街谋杀案7. 长岛8. 哈里特·比彻·斯托9. 现代主义10. 斯库特·芬奇11. 艾哈布船长是一个坚定、固执且有些偏执的人。
美国文学期末试卷及答案

《美国文学》期末考试试卷(B卷)1.P oor Richard’s Almanac ( )2.T he House of the Seven Gables ( )3.“Raven” ( )4.M y Antonia ( )5.B abbitt ( )6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.M aggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8.A Farewell to Arms ( )9.T he Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )11. Common Sense ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle”( )13. Walden( )14. The Song of Hiawatha( )15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( )16. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( )17. Sister Carrie( )18. The Waste Land( )19. A Farewell to Arms( )20. The Great Gatsby( )1. defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, SamuelLanghorne Clemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the directtreatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decadein his masterpiece novel _________.5. is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literaturefor his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern AmericanPoetry.\8._______________________was a great democratic poet. He is also the greatpoet to use the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyric poet.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it strings theincidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of PuritanBoston in _______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything,history, philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenthcentury. This was ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________The Art of Fiction reveals his literarycredo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on thescene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A.sentimentalismB. romanticismC.realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundredpoems loosely connected.A. The WasteLandB. The CantosC. DonJuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished arevolution in literary style and language.A. GertrudeSteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evictedfrom their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice andMenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The GreatGatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated theircriticism were the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise image-ry, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13. Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced theactive thinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis”is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”.V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is _________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for goingto live in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal(入口),and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems,which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel ,written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush”symbolize according to your opinion?(5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and downThe pleasant streets of that dear old town,And my youth comes back to me.And a verse of a Lapland songIs haunting my memory still:"A boy's will is the wind's will,And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word,usually a verb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza.What is the verb and what kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem _______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.(10%)3.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.(10%)《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20. F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form th e four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. (diction,rhyme and rhythm,rhetorical devices.)The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"(1)3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2) VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.(10%)3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.(10%)The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
《美国文学》题库及答案

《美国文学》题库及答案I.Multiple Choice1. American literature is only more than ____ years old.A. 500B.400C. 200D.1002. The Puritan values did no include______.A. wastefulnessB. thriftC. pietyD. hard work3. The 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment.______was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RomanticismD. Realism4. Franklin was the epitome of the______.A. American EnlightenmentB. Sugar ActC. Charlist movementD. Romanticism5. _____was the most leading spirit of the Transcendentalism.A. FranklinB. HawthorneC. PaineD. Emerson6. “Moby Dick was written by_____A. Mark TwainB. ThoreauC. MelvilleD. Whitman7. “The Scarlet Letter” is characterized by its______.A. symbolismB. rationalismC. PlatonismD. classicism8. “Huckleberry Finn is the masterpiece of________.A. Henry JamesB. Jack LondonC. Mark TwainD. Stephen Crane9. Choose the novel written by Henry JamesA. The Golden BowlB. The Portrait of a LadyC. Sister CarrieD. Daisy Miller10. Early in the 20th century, _____ published works that would change the nature of American poetry.A. Ezra PoundB. T.S. EliotC. Robert FrostD. both A and B11._____ is the founder of “Imagist” movement.A. Ezra PoundB. HemingwayC. Robert FrostD. Steinbeck12. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by_____A. NaturalismB. TranscendentalismC. Local ColorismD. Imagism13. ________ is said to be the father of American poetryA. T.S. EliotB. E.D. RobinsonC. Philip FreneauD. Dreiser14. Hawthorne is regarded as a _______.A. naturalistB. classicistC. realistD. romanticist15. ______ represents the most leading spirit of American Transcendentalism.A. EmersonB. FranklinC. Mark TwainD. Whitman16.“The Art of Fiction” was written by_____A. LongfellowB. Henry JamesC. FitzgeraldD. Faulkner17. Imagination plays the most important part in________.A. realismB. romanticismC. naturalismD. classicism18. ______ is considered to be the masterpiece of John Steinbeck.A. Mending WallB. Dry SeptemberC. A Farewell to ArmsD. The Grapes of Wrath19. Uncle Tom in the novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a(n)______A. Negro slaveB. salesmanC. industrialistD. officer20. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by______A. NaturalismB. TranscendentalismC. Local ColorismD. Imagism21. “The Great Gatsby” is the masterpiece of_____A. WhitmanB. FitzgeraldC. DickinsonD. Hemingway22. The United States of America was founded in______.A. 1776B. 1876C. 1789D.168923. The ancestors of American Indians were______A. AsiansB. AfricansC. EuropeansD. Australians24. “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” was written by______.A. H.B. Stowe B. John SteinbeckC. HawthorneD. Mark Twain25. ______ does not belong to the lost generation.A. DreiserB. T.S. EliotC. FaulknerD. Hemingway26. ______ was well known for his story “Rip Van Winkle.”A. BryantB. Washington IrvingC. Allan PoeD. Philip Freneau27. “Farewell to Arms” is the master pieced produced by______A. FaulknerB. DreiserC. HemingwayD. Longfellow28. It was ______ who wrote the formal declaration of independence.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Benjamin FranklinC. WashingtonD. Washington Irving29. _____has been exerting a great and enduring influence upon world literature, especially that of France and European symbolism.A. FranklinB. BradstreetC. Edgar Allan PoeD. Philip Freneau30. The masterpiece of Hawthorne is _________.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Sister CarrieC. Richard CoryD. A Psalm of Life31. Engene O’Neill is a _______.A. novelistB. poetC. puritanD. dramatist32.Hemingway’s style of writing is characterized by______.A. high-sounding wordsB. simple dictionC. complicated sentencesD. mix metaphor33. T.S. Eliot is not only a poet but also a ______.A. criticB. statesmanC. churchmanD. novelists34. “Long Day’s Journey Into Night” was written by_____.A. T.S. EliotB. O’NeillC. Stephen CraneD. Saul Bellow35. “The Grape of Wrath” is one of the remarkable novels of_____.A. the Civil WarB. DepressionC. SuppressionD. Aggression36. Theodore Dreiser showed the_____ tendency in his novels.A. PuritanismB. classicismC. romanticismD. naturalism37. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the leading figure of________.A. TranscendentalismB. RomanticismC. RationalismD. Naturalism38. “The Sound and the Fury” was the masterpiece of ______A. Robert Lee FrostB. T.S. EliotC. FaulknerD. Steinbeck39. Emily Dickinson is an American________.A. dramatistB. novelistC. female poetD. male poet40. “Th Emily Dickinson is an American ark Twain’s______A. materialismB. classicismC. socialismD. colorism41. “The Portrait of a Lady” is one of best novels of_________.A. Henry JamesB. John SteinbeckC. William FaulknerD. Walt Whitman42. What Whitman is famous for his_________.A. “Leaves of Grass”B. “Mending Wall”C. “Richard Cory”D. “The Burial of the Dead”43. “Catch-22” is the masterpiece of______A. Saul BellowB. Joseph HellerC. DreiserD. Fitzgerald44. The English settlement in America began in_________A.1507B.1607C.1707D.180745. The first World War broke out in______.A.1614B.1714C.1814D.191446. The jazz age refers to the decade ofA.1950’sB.1980’sC.1920’sD.1820’s47. Franklin was a _____.A. PuritanB. romanticistC. classicistD. imagist48. “Rip Van Winkle” was written by_______.A. FreneauB. Allan PoeC. Washington IrvingD. Thomas Jefferson49.“The Scarlet Letter” is the masterpiece of______.A. HawthorneB. EmersonC. BradstreetD. Allan Poe50.It was______who wrote “The Age of Reason”A. WashingtonB. JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. Thomas Paine51.“Song of Myself” is a ______written by Whitman.A. novelB. poemC. dramaD. essay52.Tom in Beecher Stowe’s novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin is a _____.A. Negro slaveB. American IndianC. School masterD. industrialist53. Mark Twain belongs to the literary school of_____.A. transcendentalismB. realismC. romanticismD. naturalism54._______is a famous American female poet.A. Allan PoeB. FreneauC. Emily DickinsonD. Robinson55. “The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn” is the masterpiece of_____.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. Stephen CraneD. Robert Lee Frost56. It was____ who wrote the poem “The Road Not Taken.”A. WhitmanB. FreneauC. Robert Lee FrostD. T.S.EliotⅡ Define the literary terms briefly in English1. American Transcendentalism2. Romanticism3. The Puritans4. Realism5. Enlightenment6. Transcendentalism7. EnlightenmentIII Explain the following quotations in your own words.1. Success is counted sweetest By those who ne’er succeed.2. Two roads diverged in a wood, and I took the one less traveled by And that has made all the difference.3. Let us, then, be up and doing, With heart for any fate;Still achieving, still pursuing, Learn to labor and to wait.4. And he was always quietly arrayed, And he was always human when he talked.5. Tell me not, in mournful numbers, Life is but an empty dream!_____6. To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need.7. But still he fluttered pulses when he said,“Good morning”, and he glittered when he walked.8. something there is that doesn’t love a wall,He says again, “Good fences make good neighbors.”9. Fair flower, that dost so comely grow, Hid in this silent, dull retreat10. But to act, that each tomorrow Find us farther than today11. But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. Ⅳ Answer the following questions in English1. Why is American literature important for you?2. What is the theme of “The Waste Land”?3. Whose novel (or which novel) do you enjoy most?Why?4. What is the style of Hemingway’s novel?5. What is the significance of American literature?6. Do you like American literature? Why?7. What is the real theme in “Sister Carrie”?8. What is the central subject and primary significance of Hawthorne’s major works?9. Which American writer do you like best? Why?10. What is the theme of “Catch-22”?11. What are the features of Emily Dickinson’s poems?12. Why should we learn American literature?13. Which poem do you enjoy most? Why?《美国文学》作业参考答案I.Multiple Choice1.C2.A3.B4.A5.D6.C7.A8.C9.B 10.D11.A 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.C21.B 22.C 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.A31.D 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.D41.A 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.B 49. A 50.D51.B 52.A 53.B 54.C 55. A 56. CII.Define the literary terms briefly in English1.American transcendentalism was a philosophical dissent from Unitarianism. Transcendentalists rejected the materialistic psychology in favor of the idealism of Kant who asserted that intuition could surpass reason as a guide to the truth. To transcendentalists, spirit is inherent and pervading and is the only reality in the universe in which nature stood as a symbol of Spirit. Transcendentalismemphasized the divinity of man, the significance and right of the individual, and the possibility of the self-perfection of the individual.2. Romanticism is characterized by the pursuit of freedom, emphasis of individualism, a reliance upon the good of nature and “natural” man, and an abiding faith in the boundless resources of the human spirit and imagination.3.The Puritans were members of the church of England who at first wished to reform or “Purify its doctrines. They kept in common with all advocates o f strict Christian orthodox, insisting on man’s original sin and depravity.4. Realism is a literary school. The American realist William Dean Howells refered to the method of realistic literary creation as “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material. The realists tended to be highly selective in their choice of material, focusing upon what seemed real to their largely middle-class readers.5. Enlightenment in America was a progressive “intellectual movement which contributed to free the Americans from the limitation of Puritanism which had been prevailing in American society, and stimulate them to strive for the establishment of their independent and democratic nation. The enlighteners were confident in the proqress by education and appealed to Reason.6.American transcendentalism was a political dissent from Unitarianism. Transcendentalists rejected the materialistic psychology in favour of the idealism of kant who asserted that intuition could surpass reason as a guide to the truth. To transcendentalists, spirit is inherent and pervading and is the only reality in the universe in which nature stood as a symbol of Spirit. Transcendentalists emphasized the divinity of man, the significance and right of the individual, and the possibility of the self-perfection of the individual.7. Enlightenment in America was a progressive intellectual movement which contributed to free the Americans fromthe limitations of Purtanism which had been prevailing in American society, and stimulate them to strive for their independent and democratic nation. The enlighteners were confident in the proqress of education and appealed to reason.III Explain the following quotations in your own words.1. Those who have never succeeded before will enjoy the sweetness o success most.2. In my life and literary creation, I did not follow others’ footsteps (or footprints). SometimesI chose a different way. That was the reason why I was unique and different from them both in life and poetic writing.3. Let us rise up and take actionTo meet any challenge in our life.We should learn to work and to be patientAnd persevere in pursuing our goalTill we reap the fruit of achievement one after another.4. He always dressed himself properly and elegantly And he showed his kindness and considerateness when talked with others.5. Don’t tell me in sad voice that life is nothing but an meaningless and empty dream.6. Only when you feel thirstiest and bitterest, can you really understand and enjoy the holy sweet drink.7. He stirred the pulses of the persons he was greeting with “Good morning”. While he was walking, his manners appeared to be so brilliant and attractive that he drow much public attention.8. Wall, as a barrier for communication or mutual understanding, is not good at all. Sometimes, it is necessary to remove the wall.Wall, as a boundary or limitation or border, is needed sometimes, so that good relations can be kept among different strata of people, or different countries.Wall is a paradox, which is both good and bad in haman life9.The honeysuckle qrows so agreeably and beautifully.However the beautiful flower hid its beauty in the quiet and lonely place.10.We had better take action every day, not remain idle and inactive so that we can make progress each day.11.I have a lot of obligations and duties to fulfill, so there is still a long way for me to go beforeI can relax or leave this world.Ⅳ Answer the following questions in English1. Key points:① the significance of American literature in the world literature ② the manifestation of American life and culture ③the requirement of improving English2. The theme of the poem is modern spiritual barrenness, the despair and depression that followed the first world war, the sterility and turbulence of the modern world, and the decline and breakdown of Western culture.3. The answer depends on individual student’s inclination.4. His style of writing is characterized by short and terse sentences, simple diction filled with emotion, vivid colloquialisms, and particularly the simplicity of his laconic statements.5. Key points: ① its place in the world literature② the manifestation of American life and culture③ the requirement of professional knowledge and skills as English majon.6. The answer is flexible. It de pends on an individual Student’s inclination.7. The real theme in Sister Carrie is the purposelessness of life. While looking at individuals with warm, human sympathy, he also sees the disorder and cruelty of life in general.8. The central subject of Haw thorne’s major works was the human soul. His exploration of the soul resulted from his skeptical attitude toward the social reality that was characterized by a rapid change in almost all aspects of social life, and from his ambition to probe into the nature of man. The primary significance of his major works dwells in the interect and the consistend vitality of his criticism of life.9. The answer is flexible, depending on students’ inclination, logic and language skills.10. Its real theme is to expose the dehumanization of all contemporary institutions, the absurd and corrupt bureancracy and the alienation of individuals existing in a systemized chaotic condition, such as war.punctuation and capitalization. Her mode of expression is characterized by clear-cut and delicately original imagery, precise diction, and fragmentary and enigmatic metrical pattern.12. Key points: ①the significance of American literature in the world literature ② the manifestation of American life and culture ③ the requirement of improving English.13. The answer is flexible and depends on student’s inclination.。
大学课程《美国文学史》期末试卷及参考答案

大学课程《美国文学史》期末试卷1.Darwinism2.Lost generation3.Imagism4.Free VerseⅡ. Matching (本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分) 1. John Steinbeck 2. T.S. Eliot 3. Carl Sandburg 4. F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. Harriet Beecher Stowe 6. O ’ Henry 7. Thomas Paine 8. Ernest Hemingway 9. Ralph Waldo Emerson 10. Nathaniel Hawthorne a. A Farewell to Arms b. Common Sense c. Uncle Tom’s Cabind. The Cop and the Antheme. The Grapes of Wrathf. Fogg. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock h. Naturei. The Great Gatsby j. The Scarlet Letter.Ⅲ. Multiple choice.(本大题共 35 小题,每小题 1 分,共 35 分)1.In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothi ng has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did_______. A.Puritanism B Romanticism C Rationalism D Sentimentalism2. Franklin wrote and published his famous__________, an annul collection of proverbs.A. The AutobiographyB. Poor Richard‘s AlmanackC. Common SenseD. The Genera l Magazine3. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. _______was the dominant spirit.A. Humanism B Rationalism C Revolution D Evolution 4.________ usually was regarded as the first American writer.A.William BradfordB. Anne BradstreetC.Emily DickinsonD. Captain John Smith 5..Which is not Irving‘s works in the following.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a Traveller C .A History of New York D To A Waterfowl 6. Choose Freneau‘s poem from the following.A. The RavenB. To a WaterfowlC. To HellenD. The wild Honey Suckle7. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet___to appear in America up to that time.A. Edward TaylorB. Philip FreneauC. William Cullen BryantD. Edgar Allan Poe pared with his contemporaries, _________was no doubt the best in exploring the wildness and frontier in fiction.A. Washington IrvingB. James Fenimore CooperC. William Cullen Bryant D Philip Freaneau9. Washington Irving‘s ‘Rip Van Winkle‘ is famous for_________. A.Rip‘s escape into a mysterious valleyB.The story‘s German legendary source materialC. Rip‘s seeking for happinessD. Rip‘s 20-years sleep 10. Choose Poe‘s work from the followingA. The Day of DoomB.The Last of the MohicansC. The Indian Burying Ground D The Fall of the House of Usher 11.Choose Irving‘s work from the following .A. The Sketch BookB. ThanatopsisC. The SpyD.The British Prison Ship 12._______ is the most commonly used in English poetry, in which an unstressed syllabl e comes first followed by a stressed.A. the trochaic footB. an anapestic footC. a quatrainD. a iambic foot 13. The Indian Burying Ground by___________ is the earliest poem which romanticizes the Indian as a child of nature.A. Washington IrvingB. Adgar Alan PoeC.Philip FreneauD.Nathaniel Hawthorne 14._______ is a poetic device used to increase the musical quality and link the lines and stanzas of a poem.A. meterB. repetitionC. rhymeD.foot15.Poetry is aimed at conveying and enriching human experience which is formed throu gh sense impressions. _____ is the representation of sense experience through language. A . meter B. image C. theme D. assonance16. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. ______ was the dominant.院系: 专业班级: 姓名: 学号:装 订 线A. humanismB. rationalismC. romanticismD. evolution17. The short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is taken from Irving’s work named ______.A. The Leatherstocking TalesB. The Sketch BookC. The AutobiographyD. The History of New York18. Which of the following is not the characteristic of American Romanticism?A. RationalismB. inner selfC. personal feelingsD. individualism19.The short story “Rip Van Winkle” reveals the ____ attitude of its author.A. optimisticB. pessimisticC. conservativeD. ironic20. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in___and ThoreauA. JeffersonB. EmersonC. FreneauD. Mark Twain21. Which is r egarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. OversoulD. Self-reliance22. ______ is the father of American Literature.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Philip FreneauC. PaineD. Washington Irving23. _____ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman24. Most of the poems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and the ____ as well.A. natureB. self-relianceC. selfD. life25. For Melville, as well as for the reader and ____, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A. AhabB. StubbC. IshmaelD. Starbuck26. The poem is written in free verse in 52 cantos with the theme of the universality and equality in value of all people and all things.a.Cantosb. The Ravenc. Song of Myselfd. Chicago27. The novel is about how a group of people on a whaling ship kill a great whale but themselves are killed by the whale, with the conflict between man and his fate.a.The Octopusb. Moby-Dickc. The Rise of Silas Laphamd. Leaves of Grass28. An English ship brought 102 people from Plymouth, England on September 16, 1620 and arrived in the present Provincetown harbor on November 21 in the same year. This ship was named ____________.a. The Pilgrimsb. Mayflowerc. Americad. Titanic29._______was the greatest woman poet in American literature and she wrote about 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.a. Pearl S. Buckb. Harriet Bicher Stowec. Emily Dickensond. Walter Whitman30. ._________ is father of the detective story and of psychoanalytic criticism.a. Washington Irvingb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Walt Whitmand. Edgar Allan Poe31. In American literature, the eighteen century was the age of the Enlightenment. ——was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution 32.——Which statement about Franklin is not true?A. He instructed his countrymen as a printer.B. He was a scientist.C. He was a master of diplomacy.D. He was a Puritan.33.Who is regarded as the first American prose epic.A. NatureB. The Scarlet LetterC. WaldenD. Moby-Dick34.The Romanic Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving's ——and ended with Whiteman's Leaves of Grass.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a TravelerC. The AlhambraD.A history of New York35.The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to asA. the Naturalist PeriodB. the Modern PeriodC. the Romantic PeriodD. the Realistic PeriodIV. Identification of Fragments(本大题共有7个诗歌或小说选段,请选5个选段并回答其后的问题,答题时请先注明选段, 再回答问题。
美国文学试题及答案

美国文学试题及答案美国文学试题:1. 请描述美国文学的起源和发展过程。
2. 简要介绍美国文学中的几位重要作家及其代表作品。
3. 分析美国文学对社会和文化的影响。
4. 探讨美国文学在世界文学中的地位和影响力。
5. 比较美国文学与其他国家文学的异同之处。
6. 讨论美国文学中的主题和风格变化。
7. 探究美国文学与历史事件的关联。
美国文学答案:1. 美国文学的起源可以追溯到17世纪,当时美洲殖民地的英国移民开始写作并记录他们在新大陆的生活。
这些作品以宗教、开拓和探索为题材,如《普利茅斯的劝导师》(1620)等。
美国文学的发展经历了启蒙时代、浪漫主义运动、现实主义时期等阶段,并逐渐形成了独特的美国文学风格。
2. 以下是几位重要的美国作家及其代表作品:- 马克·吐温:《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》 - 菲利普·罗斯:《美国牧歌》、《喧哗与骚动》- 艾米丽·狄金森:《狄金森诗选》- 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德:《了不起的盖茨比》- 威廉·福克纳:《喧哗与骚动》、《把狗放了吧》3. 美国文学对社会和文化具有重要影响。
例如,哈莱姆复兴时期的作家们为非洲裔美国人争取了平等的机会,并反映了种族和身份认同的问题。
此外,20世纪美国现实主义文学通过揭示社会问题和不公正现象,推动了社会改革运动。
美国文学也塑造了美国人的国家意识和身份认同。
4. 美国文学在世界文学中占据重要地位,被广泛翻译和阅读。
美国作家的作品对世界文学发展产生了巨大影响,例如海明威、福克纳、杰克·伦敦等作家的作品具有全球影响力。
美国文学代表了美国独特的价值观和文化传统,吸引着世界各地读者的关注。
5. 美国文学与其他国家文学相比具有明显的不同。
美国文学更加关注个人主义、自由和追求幸福的主题。
与欧洲文学相比,美国文学较少涉及庄重的古典主题,更倾向于写实和现实主义的描写方式。
《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准

湖州师范学院 2009 — 2010 学年第一学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准适用班级060511-3 考试时间120 分钟Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Frank Norris2.Stephen Crane3.Sinclair Lewis4.Jack London5.Washington Irving6.Willa Cather7.Robert Frost8.Benjamin Franklin9.William Faulkner10.Nathaniel Hawthorne11.Thomas Jefferson12.Washington Irving13.Ralph Waldo Emerson14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.Eugene O’NeillⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.John Smith2.Thomas Paine3.“founding fathers”4.Gothic Fiction5.Emily Dickenson6.John Smith7.Philip Freneau8.Washington Irving9.Edgar Allan Poe10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Ezra Pound (1)2.In A Station of the Metro (1)3.Answer should comment on the parallel between the “modern” im agery(description of urban crowds and transportation, loneliness) of the firstline and the traditional “Oriental” imagery (budding flowers on a tree,wetness) of the second line. (2)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?Describe the stylistic result of the parallel and the feelings it evokes (2)Passage 21.This part if from the short story “A Clean Well Light Room” written byErnest Hemingway. (2)2.Describe the old man’s character and relate it to the nihilist philosop hyexpressed in the story. (2)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man (and why) and howdoes he treat him? Describe the young man’s character, his lack ofunderstanding of the old man and the significance of how he treats theold man as described in the story. (3)Passage 31.Walden (1)2.Henry David Thoreau (1)3.Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(5)Passage 51.Annabel Lee.(1)2.Edgar Allan Poe. (1)3.repetition or refrains.(4)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (5) VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1. Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken. (10%)•This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about thepoet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he shouldfollow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions whichone must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing inorder to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must acceptthe consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back andhave another chance to choose differently.•In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow anunusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become apoet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembersthe road which he might have taken, and which would have given him adifferent kind of life.2. Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night. (10%)•Long Day's Journey into Night is somewhat autobiographical. The Tyrones of the play are in fact modeled on the Eugene O' Neill family.The four major characters include James Tyrone, the father, a famousactor, anxious to become rich at the expense of his own talent; MaryTyrone, the mother, a drug addict; Jamie Tyrone, their elder son, andEdmund Tyrone, their younger son. The Mother becomes mentally illbecause she is extremely unhappy with her married life. Young Jamieloses faith in life, while Edmund the wanderer comes back withtuberculosis. All the four suffer frustrations and wish to escape from theharsh reality, James and Jamie look for solace in their cups, while Maryand Edmund seek the protection of the fog which they hope wouldscreen them from the intrusion of the world outside. They meet in theliving room of the family' s summer home at 8:30 a. m. of a day inAugust, 1912, and torment one another and themselves until midnight.The father is angry with the mother for her drug addiction, the motherwith his sons for being good for nothing, and the sons with their parentsfor not being good parents. All are torn in a war between love and hate,and no one is sure which is the stronger emotion. Life is too painful forthem even to try and make sense of it. Edmund ' s desperate advice inface of the horrible burden of Time weighing on people ' s shoulders andcrushing them to the earth is to lose feeling in their cups and stay alwaysdrunk. Thus the long day journeys into night when the tragedy of thefamily is finally enacted. No relief is felt, no light is seen, and all ends inthe engulfing darkness.•In a figurative sense, Long Day' s Journey into Night is a metaphor for Eugene 0' Neill' s lifelong endeavor to find truth and the way toacceptance. The former he found, namely, the faithless, fragmentarynature of modern life, whereas the latter he did not; for him all passedinto night. In despair Eugene O' Neill thought of the old God of theCatholic church on which, it is ironical to not, he had turned his backlong before.3. Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings (10%)●Poe admired aristocratic society,distrusted the leveling tendency ofdemocracy, and expressed contempt for uplift movements of progress(提高社会地位的进步运动).He deplored America's increasing industrialization.In his more sardonic comments on democracy, he says that it amounts to the tyranny "of a mob." He could be associated with those literary men in the 1840's and 1850's,who became, in M elville's words , "isolates(孤僻者,与世隔绝者), " who were (at least in theory)divorced from society. Yet Poe's criticism of contemporary America cut deeper than that of his contemporaries, causing an isolation more nearly absolute than theirs (see Hawthorne). He was more interested in redeeming and refining language.He was called the "great literary engineer."●Poe also dramatizes for us what has been called the demonic side of thenineteenth century. His tales are filled with assassination and non-escape ,with violence and death. Many of his characters are obsessed with a fear of death. Some of them strive to come back from the tomb;others are terrified of being buried alive or in fact are buried alive like Madeline in "The Fall of the House of Usher. "The two obsessions are part of a general fear of retaining consciousness in a world that is dead.●Poe was preoccupied with the disintegration of culture, with decadence. Hegives us a vision of "dehumanized man." Poe’s characters are dead to the world, machines of sensation and will. They are not willing to live in their own skins. For Poe's characters, the body is a mere machine. It refuses to be reconciled to the flesh and its mortal fate.●As a consequence , Poe's characters insist on living with an intensity andfear that has no relation to the limitations imposed by biological and physical laws. They do not seem to eat or drink ,they do not work.Occasionally they read or play on musical instruments. They are constantly musing about their lives. They speak to each other intensely and withpassion. They live only in their heads—all a matter of intellect and imagination.●Poe's typical heroines are usually afflicted with mysterious diseases. Theyvisibly waste away before their lovers’ eyes. Their lovers or husbands can see that they are perishing and the heroines themselves are thoroughly aware of it, but the process cannot be halted. But they are not willing to let go of their lovers.●His characters fear the final moment, which constantly threatens them whilethey are alive, since they have no contact with the world of nature or with religion, being just sheer intelligence which is not connected with anything providing life or spiritual fulfillment. One critic has written :"Poe is not interested in anything that is alive. Everything in Poe is dead —the houses, the rooms, the furniture." Death is a predominant theme of Poe's poetry.The setting of "The Raven," his most celebrated poem, is like that of his tales : the unhappy, unresolved lover sits in an elaborately furnished room, trying to find peace from sorrow in his books and conducting a curious dialogue with his midnight visitant ,a black, deathlike symbol—the raven.Death is also the theme of the curious poem, "Ulalume(尤拉鲁姆)" and "The City in the Sea. "Some literary critics suggest that Poe’s intention was to recognize the impulse,always kept hidden, to kill, even to do violence to one's own nature.●Yet if the world of Poe's imagination is haunted by death and if the tales inparticular seem morbid and obsessed, why did they appeal to the audience of Poe's day? And can they have anything to say to us? The answer would have to be that in spite of their fantastic character they do,at some level, reveal what was going on in the psyche of nineteenth century man.Something like a disintegration of personality was occurring in Poe's life time, and the strange horrors that Poe described produced some echoes in the thoughts of his contemporaries. His audience had a craving for the sensational and the shocking. Writers and sensitive thinkers saw man as spiritually gutted),being pushed into an insane, inhuman world created by the rapidly growing process of industrialization.●Strangely enough, however, Poe had a fascination with the power of reason,despite his emphasis on the irrational. In stories like "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" and "The Purloined Letter , " reason is applied to the solution of a baffling crime. Even a few of Poe's tales of nightmare terror come to happy endings precisely because the hero can think his way through a problem. Though the hero of "The Pit and the Pendulum" cannot, by hisunaided efforts, save himself from the death intended for him, he uses his head to keep himself alive until help from the outside comes. In fact, one kind of Poe's characters must be those who are forced to fall back on the resources of one's mind.●Just as he was fascinated with the process of reason, Poe was interested inthe deviousness(曲折) of the human soul. He placed emphasis on how the unconscious motivates human beings, not unlike the Romantics of his day, but to a greater extent. Unlike the Romantics, Poe examined irrational drives; he wanted to bring reason to bear on areas which, in his time, were regarded as lying beyond its boundaries or else were ignored altogether. In other words, Poe used his reason to discover the source of the irrational.This is especially evident in "Tell-Tale Heart."●Poe's tragic life and his concentration on death were his extreme and poeticresponse to that which was elaborated upon, in naturalistic terms, fifty years later. He was unusually sensitive to the world of his own day, affected by it intensely ,causing his isolation. Though he wanted to find his place in a traditional society, his failure to do so may well have heightened his sense of lonely individualism. It is this sense of alienation which has carried itself through the greatest of literature in America.4. C omment on Hawthorne’s style.(10%)●His style is also noteworthy for his frequent use of images. Metaphors andsimiles abound, most of them stirringly fresh and effective. He makes skillful use of colors as a means for conveying mood. Black ,red and gray predominate.●Hawthorne's sentences, like his language, show the effects of his long yearsof study and practice in writing. There are few of the awkward sentences which may be found in Cooper. The sentences may appear, to a twentieth century reader, to be too consistently long. But they were not abnormally long for their day. In the most complex sentences ,however, grammatical subordination is employed with sufficient logic and variety to make the writing smooth and clear.●Another reflection of the times in which Hawthorne wrote is seen in hispunctuation. Many of his works are over-punctuated, by modern standards;there are superfluous commas, excessive dashes, and far too many exclamation points. In most cases his words are forceful enough to achievethe emphasis he desires, and the attempt to show such emphasis by using exclamation points is not necessary. But Hawthorne cannot be condemned for following the mechanical conventions of his day.●Hawthorne depends heavily on summarized historical narrative, but linksscenes dramatically. Occasionally, he will interrupt his works to address the reader directly, with some comment on the story, some piece of background information, or a brief moral essay.● A characteristic device of Hawthorne’s,which is employed several timesin The Scarlet Letter, is the "optional reading, " Hawthorne uses concrete objects as well as characters to serve as his symbols. He concentrates on a few main symbols repeated often in the story, and uses the fluidity of character development to illustrate the ways in which symbols grow and change based upon one's perception of them.。
完整版大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题

大四美国文学期末测试题型及例题:1.选择/对错60分〔40道选择,20个对错〕2.名词解释10分〔5个〕3.选段配对10分〔5个〕4.问答20 分〔10/2〕1. 历史:Father / poetess…2.名作家:Hemingway, Faulkner, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson3.作品:The Wasteland/Moby Dick/Scarlet Letter1.a)选择题(40个,40分)1.At the age of reason and revolution, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the.A. Chartist MovementB. Romanticist MovementC. Enlightenment MovementD. Modernist Movement2.Which is NOT connected to Benjamin Franklin?A.He was born in a poor family.B.He was a pious puritan.C.He was phrased as Jack of all trades'.D.He was a master of diplomacy.3.Ernest Hemingway is noted for the following EXCEPT.A.Lost GenerationB.Iceberg theoryC.American DreamD.Code Heroes4.Which character is NOT from The Scarlet Letter?A.Hester PrynneB.Roger ChillingworthC.Captain AhabD.Pearl5.Jack London's semi-biographical novel well presents the disillusionmentof American Dream.A.The American TragedyB.The Call of the WildC.Martin EdenD.The Grapes of Wrathb)判断对错题(20个:20分)1.Poe s masterpiece To Helen“ is written to memorize his deceased wife .(F)2.The tone of Annabel Lee" is optimistic and hopeful. (F)3.Mark Twain's novel Jumping Frog was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of thepostbellum period which it attempts to satirize.(F)4.Sister Carrie ended up in tragedy because she could not control her fa(F)2洛词解释题(5个,10分)1.It refers to t he religious beliefs held by the Puritans, who had intended to“ purifor simplify the religious ritual of the Church of England. They believed in the original sin and the harsh Day of Doom, although some good people --- the chosen people or“the Elec--- m ay be saved. Puhtanism)2. A literary doctrine that called for “realityand truth 'in the depiction of ordinary life.It had originated in France and was very popular in 19th century.Realism)3选段配对题(5个,10分)1.Fair flower, that dost so comely grow, Hid in this silent, dull retreat, Untouched thy honeyed blossoms blow, Unseen thy little branches greet: No roving foot shall crush thee here, No busy hand provoke a tear. The Wild Honey Suckle (Philip Freneau)2.During the whole of a dull, dark and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the cloud hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country; and at length found myself, as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. I know not how it was— but, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit.The Fall of the House of Usher(Edgar Allan Poe)生.10/2, 201.Transcendentalism (a) Transcendentalism (p56) {1}As a moral philosophy, it exalted feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. & believed in the transcendence of th eoversoul〞 {2}A literary movement flourishing in New England from the 1830s to the Civil war. It stresses intuitive understanding of God, without the help of the church and advocated independence of the mind. The representative writers are Emerson and Thoreau.{b} The significance of TranscendentalismTranscendentalism exerted a dominating notion onto the major wirers of the Romantic period and its essence has been permanently absorbed into the main stream of American thought. As a moral philosophy, Transcendentaliststook their ideas from the romantic literature of Europe, from neo-Platonism, from German idealistic philosophy and from the revelations of Oriental mysticism. They spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society. They believed in the transcendence of the Oversoul",an all-pervading power for goodness from which all things come and of which all things are a part. As a philosophical and literarymovement, Transcendentalism flourished in New England from the 183 @ to the Civil War. Its doctrines found their greatestliterary advocatedin Emerson, who believed that man was a part of absolute good, and in Thoreau who beheld divinity in the Unspotted innocence of nature. It was a powerful expression of the intellectual mood of the age, and the ideas it representedhave remained a strong influence on great American writers from the days of Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman to the present.2.The Road Not TakenSymbolic meanings of The Road Not Taken:In this poem, the author uses two roads in the woods to symbolize the choices in the real life. The author suggests us not being afraid to take a chance, not following the crowd and trying new things. Individualism is highlighted in the poem because the speaker chooses to go his own way, taking theroad less traveled. Caution is also taken before deciding to take the road less traveled, for the speaker takes time to consider the other road.Commitment is symbolized in the poem because the speaker does not have second thoughts after making his decision.The last symbolized theme is accepting a challenge. It may be that the road the speaker chooses is less traveled because it represents trials or perils. Such challenges seem to appeal to the speaker.The Road Not TakenThis poem, as many of Frostsbeoensswith the observation of nature, as if thepoet is a traveler sightseeing in nature. By the end, all the simple words condense into a serious proposition: When anyone in life is confronted with making a choice, in order to possess something worthwhile, he has to give up something which seems as lovely and valuable as the chosen one. Then, whatever follows, he must accept the consequence of his choice for it is not possible for him to return to the beginning and have another chance to choose differently. Frost is asserting that nature is fair and honest to everyone. Thus all the varieties of human destiny result from each person spontaneous capability of making choices.Form: The poem is very regularly structured with 4 classic 5-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme “abaab" an d in conversational rhythm.3.The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby the parody 〔&仿〕of American dreamThematically , the novel is a parody of the American dream as represented by Gatsby's pursuit for wealth and love .(1)American Dream(derived the Puritanism) is a popular belief that people can achieve success whether it is wealth, fame or love through honest hard working in a new world of liberty , equality, chances and promises (e.g. Franklin, Obama )(2)It is true that Gatsby had a huge wealth but it was built up through illegal means —bootlegging. Daisy was the embodiment of love for Gatsby, but the Daisy in Gatsbys illusion was not the Daisy in reality ------------------------- a mindless and spiritless womanonly with a beautiful appearance, who retreated to her boring but secure way of life rather than accept the responsibility at the moment of crisis(3)Like Franklin , Gatsby also made a time table and a list of do's and don'ts'. But unfortunately he did not know that the time had change d(4)Therefore, G's dream is tarnished by his material possessions, much like America is now with the obsession with wealth. In any case, Gatsby would have failed to his idealistic dream inevitably, namely disillusion of American dream.Together with Martin Eden, it well presents the disillusionment of American Dream. Main ideas: Nick Caraway, the narrator decided to leave his family in the Midwest to study bond business in New York. He took a small house at West Egg of Long Island and became a neighbor of Jay Gatsby a mysterious man of great wealth He resumed acquaintance with Tom Buchanan and his wife Daisy at a dinner party in their home There he also met Jordan Baker, an attractive but arrogant young lady. He soon learned that their marriage was not happy and Tom has a mistressMyrtle , wife of George Wilson , a garage owner in the Valley of Ashe sA few days later he was invited to Gatsbys party. From Gatsby and later from Jordan, Nick learned of the love affair between Daisy and Gatsby before she married Tom Gatsby then made a request of Nick to bring Daisy to tea and meet Gatsby. At the reunion Gatsby changed from nervousness to excitement and from excitement to a remote fantasy. At a party Gatsby gave to the Buchanans Nick and Jordan, Gatsby and Tom had a fierce quarrel over Daisy and Daisy sided with both men in turns. Then Daisy and Gatsby left in Gatsbys car while the others followed in Tom's. On the way Gatsby's car knocked Myrtle dead and ran away, but he later told Nick that Daisy was driving at the time of the accident. Myrtle , thinking Tom was in the car, ran toward it and was hit Meanwhile Mr. Wilson traced Gatsbys car and found Gatsby's house A few hours later both of them were found dead Apparently Wilson shot Gatsby and then himself. Although Nick tried to make Gatsby s funeral respectable none of his friends came. Only Gatsbys father appeared, still thinking that his son was a great man. On another occasion Nick met Tom and Daisy and was reluctant to shake hands with them. He already knew that it was Tom who made Wilson believe that Myrtle was Gatsby s lover and was run over by Gatsby. Soon Nick went back to his people in the Middle West。
美国文学史期末考试复习题

美国文学史期末考试复习题(使用书本为童明的《美国文学史修订版》)一、名词解释(交代背景、内容/特点、代表人物/作品)1. American Realism: In American literature, the Civil War brought the Romantic Period to an end. The Age of Realism came into existence. It came as a reaction against the lie of romanticism and sentimentalism. Realism turned from an emphasis on the strange toward a faithful rendering of the ordinary, a slice of life as it is really lived. It expresses the concern for commonplace and the low, and it offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience. (the representative writers and its features should be also added.)2. Black Humor :1)In the 1960s, in literature, drama, and film, black humor refers to grotesque or morbid humor used to express the absurdity, insensitivity, paradox, and cruelty of the modern world.2)Black humor often uses low comedy farce and low comedy to make clear that individuals are helpless victims of fate and character.3)Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 is an example of this school3. Henry James’s international theme: 书p1594. Beat Generation:1) American poets, 1950s-1960s, a rebellion ,counterculture, romantic, drugs and uninhibited sex.2)Best and most influential poem: “Howl”:denounces the life-denying effects of American culture.5.American Puritanism:it comes from the American puritans, who were the first immigrants moved to American continent in the 17th century. Original sin, predestination and salvation were the basic ideas of American Puritanism. And, hard-working, piousness,thrift and sobriety were praised.书p176. Transcendentalism: is a philosophic and literary movement that flourished in New England, particular at Concord, as a reaction against Rationalism and Calvinism. Mainly it stressed intuitive understanding of God, without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind. The representative writers are Emerson andThoreau.7. Themes of Henry James’s writing: 书p1588.The Lost Generation:it refers to a group of young intellectuals who came back from war,were injured both physically and mentally. They lived by indulging themselves in the Bohemian way of life. Their American dream was disillusioned. The best representative of the lost generation was Ernest Hemingway.二、回答问题1. What are the characteristics of American romanticism?(书本p68. 3点+ P69.5点)2. How is the Darwinian belief in naturalism opposed to the Christian creationist view? 书p166What is the determinist view of existence that informs naturalism? What are the implications of this view on ethics?3. What are the philosophical foundations and characteristics of American naturalism? 书p1664. What are the important point s for Hawthorne’s sty le?5. What is the predominant mood in Poe’s poetry? Discuss with two poems as examples.6. What are the parameters of American Realism?书P1457. How is Thoreau revolt manifested both in his social actions and his writing?书p99What is the nature of his revolt?书p100( and nature in Civil Disobedience should be added)8. The age of American realism is divided into two more periods. What are the periods called? What are the characteristics and who are the representatives of each period?。
(完整版)《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷)答案

湖州师范学院外国语学院2008- 2009学年第二学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷)答案暨评分标准I. Write the names of the authors。
(10%)①Walt Whitman②Edgar Allen Poe③Wallace Stevens④Franklin Norris⑤Stephen Crane⑥William Faulkner⑦Sinclair Lewis⑧John Steinbeck⑨Langston Hughes⑩Tennessee WilliamsII. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate information。
(10%)①New England②Regionalism or Local color writing③semi-autobiographical④anti-realism⑤Imagist⑥Santiago⑦multiple narrations or points of view⑧1930⑨Harlem Renaissance⑩Eugene O'NeillIII. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer。
(20%)1-5. A D C B B 6-10. D B E B AIV。
Identify the author and the title of the work from which each of the following excerpts is taken。
And then answer the question after each excerpt. (20%)Passage 1the author: Walt Whitman (1%)the title of the work : Songs of Myself (1%)Question: What is the poet celebrating? (2%)➢The poet is celebrating individualism and nationalism, singing of all those people who form the American nationality。
美国文学作品问答题

美国文学作品问答题Part III. The Literature of RomanticismPassage 4Once upon a midnight dreary, while i pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore,While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door."Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door—Only this, and nothing more. "Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.Eagerly I wished the morrow; —vainly I had tried to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow-sorrow for the lost.1. Who is the writer of these lines?2. What is the title of this poem from which the selection is selected?3. Recognize the sound devices in the following lines. LI ________ L4 ________L7________ L10________4. Describe the mood of this poem.Answers:1. Edgar Allan Poe2. The Raven3. LI—Alliteration, L4—Onomatopoeia, L7—Internal rhyme, L10—Assonance4. A sense of melancholy over the death of a belovedbeautiful young woman pervades the whole poem, the portrayal of a young man grieving for his lost Leno-re, his grief turned to madness under the steady one-word repetition of the talking bird.Passage 5Lo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!1. This is the last stanza of a poem To Helen. Who wrote this poem T o Heleni2. With whom is Helen associated in Line 4 of the present stanza?3. Who is Psyche?Answers1. Edgar Allan Poe2. Psyche3. Psyche is the goddess of the soul in Greek mythology.To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and vulgar things. One might think the atmosphere was made transparent with this design, to give man, in the heavenly bodies, the perpetual presence of the sublime. Seen in the streets of cities, how great they are! If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night comeout these preachers of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile.Questions:1. This paragraph is taken from a famous essay. What is the name of the essay?2. Who is the author?3. What does the author say would happen if the stars appeared one night in a thousand years?4. Give a peculiar term to cover the author's belief.Answers:1. Nature2. Ralph Waldo Emerson3. Then, the men cannot believe and adore the God, cannot preserve there membrance of the city of God which had been shown.4. TranscendentalismPassage 7Standing on the bare ground—my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into infinite space—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.Questions:1. Which work is this selection taken from?2. How do you understand the philosophical ideas in these words?Answers:1. Nature2. Ralph Waldo Emerson regards nature as the purest, and the most sanctifying moral influence on man, and advocated adirect intuition of a spiritual and immanent God in nature. In this connection, Emerson' s emotional experiences are exemplary in more ways than one.3. Now this is a moment of "conversion" when one feels completely merged with the outside world, when one has completely sunk into nature and become one with it, and when the soul has gone beyond the physical limits of the body to share the omniscience of the Oversoul. In a word, the soul has completely transcended the limits of individuality and become part of the Oversoul. Emerson sees spirit pervading everywhere, not only in the soul of man, but behind nature, throughout nature.I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ .2. The author of the work is____________ .3. List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in the woods.Answers:1. Walden2. Henry David Thoreau3. Find the answer from the passage.Passage 10Tell me not, in mournful numbers. Life is but an empty dream!For the soul is dead that slumbers, And things are not what they seem. Life is real-life is earnest—And the grave is not its goal. Dust thou art, to dust retumest, Was not spoken of the soul.1. Who is the writer of these lines?2. What is the title of the whole poem from which the two stanzas are taken?3. Summarize the poet’s advice on living.Answers:1. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow2. A Psalm of Ufe3. His optimism which has characterized much of his poetry, also endeared many critics to him. He seemed to have persevered despite tragedy. In his poem, The Psalm of Life, he writes: Life is real! Life is earnest! And the grave is not its goal. This is the cry of the heart, "rallying from depression" , ready to affirm life, to regroup from losses, to push on despite momentary defeat.Forth into the sunshine which, falling on all alike, seemed, to her sick and morbid heart, as if meant for no other purpose than to reveal the scarlet letter on her breast. Perhaps there was a more real torture in her first unattended footsteps from the threshold of the prison, than even in the procession and spectacle that have been described, where she was made the common infamy, at which all mankind was summoned to point its finger. Then, she was supported by an unnatural tension of thenerves, and by all the combative energy of her character, which enabled her to convert the scene into a kind of lurid triumph.1. Which novel is this selection taken from?2. What is the name of the novelist?3. What are the symbolic meanings of the scarlet letter on Hester's breast?Answers:1. The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne2. adultery, able, angelPassage 12It was not very long after speaking the Goney that another homeward-bound whaleman, the Town-Ho, was encountered. She was manned almost wholly by Polynesians. In the short game that ensued she gave us strong news of Moby Dick. To some the general interest in the White Whale was now wildly heightened by a circumstance of the T own-Ho's story, which seemed obscurely to involve with the whale a certain wondrous, inverted visitation of one of those so called judgments of God which at times are said to overtake some men. This latter circumstance, with its own particular accompaniments, forming what may be called the secret part of the tragedy about to be narrated, never reached the ears of Captain Ahab or his mates. For that secret part of the story was unknown to the captain of the Town-Ho himself. It was the private property of three confederate white seamen of that ship, one of whom, it seems, communicated it to Tashtego with Romish injunctions ofsecrecy, but the following night Tashtego rambled in his sleep, and revealed so much of it in that way, that when he was wakened he could not well withhold the rest. Nevertheless, so potent an influence did this thing have on those seamen in the Pequod who came to the fullknowledge of it, and by such a strange delicacy, to call it so, were they governed in this matter, that they kept the secret among themselves so that it never transpired abaft the Pequod' s main-mast . Interweaving in its proper place this darker thread with the story as publicly narrated on the ship, the whole of this strange affair I now proceed to put on lasting record.1. From which novel is this paragraph taken?2. What is the name of the novelist?3. Who is Ahab?4. What is Pequod?5. What is the theme of the novel?Answers:1. Moby Dick2. Herman Melville3. The captain of the whaling ship4. The name of the whaling ship5. The rebellious struggle of Captain Ahab against the overwhelming, mysterious vastness of the universe and its awesome sometimes merciless forces.Part IV. The Literature of RealismPassage 1I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.I loafe and invite my soul,I learn and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.1. These are the first two stanzas in the first section of a long poem entitled2. The name of the poet is___________ .3. Who is the poet celebrating? Whom do lines 2 ~ 3 also include in the celebration?4. What is the verse, structure?5. Take the fifth line as a hint, can you write out the name of the poet’s completed collections of poems? Answers:1. Song of Myself2. Walt Whitman3. The poet is celebrating himself, his own life. Lines 2-3 also include "you”, the readers and their lives in the celebration.4. free verse5. Leaves of GrassPassage 2Because I could not stop for Death—He kindly stopped for me—The Carriage held but just Ourselves—Questions:1. Who is the writer of these lines?2. In which category would you place this poem?A. narrativeB. dramaticC. lyric3. Emily Dickinson is noted for her use of_____________ to achieve special effects.A. perfect rhymeB. exact rhymeC. slant rhymeAnswers:1. Emily Dickinson2. C3. CPassage 3It is impossible to conceive of a human creature more wholly desolate and forlorn than Eliza, when she turned her footsteps from Uncle Tom’s cabin.Questions:1. This is taken from a famous novel. What is the name of the novel?2. What is the name of the writer?3. Who is Uncle Tom?Answers:1. Uncle Tom' s Cabin2. Harriet Beecher Stowe3. He is the main character in the novel, a suffering slave, a victim of slavery.Tom Sawyer stepped forward with conceited confidence and soared into the unquenchable and indestructible "Give me liberty or give me death" speech, with fine fury and frantic gesticulation, and broke down in the middle of it. A ghastly stage fright seized him, his legs quaked under him, and he was like to choke. True, he had the manifest sympathy of the house------ but he had the house’s silence, too, which was even worse than its sympathy. The master frowned, and this completed the disaster. Tom struggled awhile and then retired, defeated.1. Which novel is this passage taken from?2. Who is the author?Answers:1. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer2. Mark TwainPassage 5I took the sack of corn meal and took it to where the canoewas hid, and shoved t, he vines and branches apart and put it in; then I done the same with the side of bacon; then the whisky-jug.I took all the coffee and suga, r there was, and all the ammunition;I took the wadding; I took the bucket and gourd; took a dipper and a tin cup, and my old saw and two blankets, and the skillet and the coffee-pot. I took fish-lines and matches and other things—everything that was worth a cent. I cleaned out the place.I wanted an ax, but there wasn't any, only the one out at the woodpile, and 1 knew why I was going to leave that. I fetched out the gun, and now I was done.Questions:1. Which novel is this passage taken from?2. Analyze the language style of this passage.Answers1. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn2. The words used here are, except perhaps "ammunition" which is etymologically French, mostly Anglo-Saxon in origin, and are short, concrete and direct in effect. Sentence structures are most of them simple or compound, with a series of "thens" and "ands" and semi-colons serving as connectives. The repetition of the word "took" and the stringing together of things leave the impression that Mark Twain depended solely on the concrete object and action for the body and move ment of his prose. And what is more, there is an ungrammatical element which gives the final finish to his style. The whole book does approximate the actual speech habit of an uneducated boy from the American South of the mid-nineteenth century.On his bench in Madison Square, Soapy moved uneasily. When wild geese honk high of nights, and when women without sealskin coats grow kind to their husbands, and when Soapymoves uneasily on his bench in the park, you may know that winter is near at hand.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a short story entitled____________ .2. The author's name is William Sidney Porter. What is his pen name?Answers:1. Vie Cop and the Anthem2. O. HenryPassage 9When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things. Either she falls into saving hands and becomes better, or she rapidly assumes the cosmopolitan standard of virtue and becomes worse. Of an intermediate balance, under the circumstances, there is no possibility. The city has its cunning wiles, no less than the infinitely smaller and more human tempter. There are large forces which allure with all the soulfulness of expression possible in the most cultured human. The gleam of a thousand lights is often as effective as the persuasive light in a wooing and fascinating eye. Half the undoing of the unsophisticated and natural mind is accomplished by forces wholly superhuman. A blare of sound, a roar of life, a vast array of human hives, appeal to the astonished senses in equivocal terms. Without a counsellor at hand to whisper cautious interpretations, what falsehoods may not these things breathe into the unguarded ear! Unrecognised for what they are, their beauty, like music, too often relaxes, then weakens then perverts the simpler human perceptions.1. From which novel is this paragraph taken?2. Who is the author of this novel?3. How do you understand "the cosmopolitan standard of virtue"?4. Is there any naturalist tendency in this passage?Answers:1. Sister Carrie2. Theodore Dreiser3. "The cosmopolitan standard of virtue" is something that makes a person become low in virtue and value and become worse.Part V. Twentieth Century Literature (I) Before WWIIPassage 1:In a Station of the MetroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough.Questions:1. Who is the author of this short poem?2. What two images are juxtaposed, or placed next to each other in this poem?3. How do you appreciate this poem?Answers:1. Ezra Pound2. The writer uses the image of "petals" on another image, that is, "wet, black bough".3. In In a Station of the Metro Pound attempts to produce the emotion he felt when he walked down into a Paris subway station and suddenly saw a number of faces in the dim light. To capture the emotion, Pound uses the image of petals on a wet, black bough. The image is not decoration; It is central to the poem's mean? ing. In fact, it is the poem's meaning.Passage 2:And he was rich—yes, richer than a king—And admirably schooled in every grace:In fine, we thought that he was everything To make us wish that we were in his place. So on we worked, and waited for the light,And went without the meat, and cursed the bread; And Richard Cory, one calm summer night, Went home and put a bullet through his head.Questions:1. What is the title of the poem?2. Who wrote this poem?3. How are the "we" of the poem different from Richard Cory?4. Do you think the use of the adjective "calm" in the next-to-hist line is an example of verbal irony? What is verbal irony?5. There is an element of dark humor in the mistaken ideas that the townspeople have of Richard Cory, do you think so?Answers:1. Richard Cory2. Edwin Arlington Robinson3. The "we" in the poem refers to the poor townspeople who live a hard life and admire the rich. But Richard Cory is the rich person who is admired by the poor, and appears to be calm and smart, but with a heart of suicidal despairing.4. Yes, it is an example of verbal irony. Verbal irony occurs when words that appear to be saying one thing are really saying something quite different.The woods are lovely, dark and deep.But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before 1 sleep.1. Who wrote this poem?2. What is the title of this poem?3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show?4 What do you think of this poem?Answers:1. Robert Frost2. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"3. It shows a kind of sad, sentimental but also strong and responsible feeling.4. It is one of the most quietly moving of Frost' s lyrics. On the surface, it seems to be simple, descriptive verses, records of close observation, graphic and homely pictures. It uses the simplest terms and commonest words. But it is deeply meditative, adding far-reaching meanings to the homely music. It uses its superb craftsmanship to come to a climax of responsibility: the promises to be kept, the obligation to be fulfilled. Few poems have said so much in so little.Passage 4:Hog Butcher for the World,Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat,Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight Handler;Stormy, husky, brawling,City of the Big Shoulders:1. These lines are talking about a big American city which is also the title of the poem. What is it?2. Who wrote this poem?3. What is the city called in the first line?Answers:1. Chicago2. Carl Sandburg3. Hog butcher for the worldLet us go then, you and I,When the evening is spread out against the sky Like a pati ent etherized upon a table;Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets, he muttering retreatsOf restless nights in one-night cheap hotels And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells Streets that follow like a tedious argument Of insidious intentTo lead you to an overwhelming question... Oh, do not ask, "What is it?"Let us go and make our visit. In the room the women come and goTalking of Michelangelo.1. This is the first 14 lines of a famous poem "The love Song of J. Alfred Pnifrock. “What is the name of the poet wrote it?2. What image is created in this passage?3. Do you think Prufrock is a tragic figure? Why?4. Is this poem a dramatic monologue? Why?Answers:1. Thomas Stearns Eliot2. a patient etherized upon a table3. He is a tragic figure. The plight of this hesitant, inhabited man, an aging dreamer trapped in decayed, shabby-genteel surroundings, aware of beauty and faced with sordidness, mirrors the plight of the sensitive in the presence of the dull.4. Yes, it is a dramatic monologue. He is a character created by Eliot, and he speaks directly to us. He tells us his thoughts in leaps and bounds, jumping from one image to another, just as ahuman mind does.Passage 8:The Burial of the DeadApril is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire stirring Duil roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding A little life with dried tubers.1. This is the first seven lines of a masterpiece poem. What is the name of this masterpiece?2. Who is the author of this masterpiece?3. What theme can you get from these lines?Answers:1. The Waste Land2. Thomas Stearns Eliot3. The theme of the poem is modern spiritual barrenness, the despair and de?pression that followed the First World War, the sterility and turbulence of the mod?ern world, and the decline and breakdown of Western culture.They were careless people, Tom and Daisy—They smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the mess they had made. . .1. Which novel is this passage taken from?2. Who is the writer of this novel?3. What is the author' s attitude toward such persons as Tom and Daisy?Answers:1. The Great Gatsby2. F. Scott Fitzgerald3. The author criticized them as selfish, hypocritical persons.Passage 10:Poor, poor dear Cat. And this was the price you paid for sleeping together. This was the end of the trap. This was what people got for loving each other. Thank God for gas, anyway. What must it have been like before there were anaesthetics? Once it started, they were in the mill-race. Catherine had a good time in the time of pregnancy. It wasn't bad. She was hardly ever sick. She was not awfully uncomfortable until toward the last. So now they got her in the end. You never got away with anything. Get away hell! It would have been the same if we had been married fifty times. And what if she should die? She won't die. People don't die in childbirth nowadays. That was what all husbands thought. Yes, but what if she should die? She won' t die, She' s just having a bad time. Afterward we’d say what a bad time and Catherine would say it wasn't really so bad. But what if she should die?1. Which novel is this passage taken from?2. Who is the writer of this novel from which the passage is selected?3. What do you think of the language style?Answers:1. A Farewell to Arms2. Ernest Hemingway3. Hemingway manages to choose words concrete, specific, more commonly found, more casual and conversational. He employs these kinds of words often in a syntax of short, simple sentences, which are orderly and patterned and sometimes ungrammatical.The migrant people, scuttling for work, scrabbling to live,looked always for pleasure, dug for pleasure, manufactured pleasure, and they were hungry for amusement. Sometimes amusement lay in speech, and they climbed up their lives with jokes. And it came about in the camps along the road, on the ditch banks beside the streams, under the sycamores, that the story-teller grew into being, so that the people gathered in the low firelight to hear the gifted ones.1. Which novel is this passage taken from?2. Who is the writer of this novel?Answers:1. The Grapes of Wrath2. John SteinbeckPassage 12:When Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral; the men through a sort of respectful affectation for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservant—a combined gardener and cook—had seen in at least ten years.1. Which book is this paragraph taken from?2. Who is the writer of this book?V. Analyze Hie main works.1. Analysis of Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken.2. The story summary and the analysis of Chapter 3 of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby.3. Analysis of John Steinbeck's the Grapes of Wrath.4. Analysis of William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury.Answers:1. A Rose for Emily2. William Faulkner。
美国文学复习题有答案

美国文学复习题有答案美国文学复习题及答案一、选择题1. 哪位作家被誉为“美国文学之父”?A. 爱德加·爱伦·坡B. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑C. 华盛顿·欧文D. 马克·吐温答案:C2. 《白鲸》的作者是谁?A. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔B. 欧内斯特·海明威C. 杰克·伦敦D. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德答案:A3. 以下哪部作品不是菲茨杰拉德所著?A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《夜色温柔》C. 《太阳照常升起》D. 《草叶集》答案:D二、填空题4. 爱德加·爱伦·坡是19世纪美国文学中著名的_________和_________作家。
答案:恐怖小说;侦探小说5. 《草叶集》是19世纪美国著名诗人_________的代表作。
答案:沃尔特·惠特曼6. 欧内斯特·海明威的代表作《老人与海》讲述了一位古巴老渔夫_________的故事。
答案:桑地亚哥三、简答题7. 简述《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的主题和影响。
答案:《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是美国作家哈丽雅特·比彻·斯托所著的一部反奴隶制小说,通过描绘黑人奴隶汤姆叔叔的悲惨命运,揭露了奴隶制的罪恶,对美国南北战争的爆发和废奴运动产生了深远的影响。
8. 描述《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比的悲剧性。
答案:《了不起的盖茨比》中的盖茨比是一个富有的商人,他为了追求自己心中的爱情和美国梦,不惜一切代价。
然而,他的努力最终未能实现,他的爱情和梦想都被现实无情地粉碎,最终以悲剧收场,反映了20世纪20年代美国社会的虚伪和道德的沦丧。
四、论述题9. 论述美国文学中的“美国梦”主题。
答案:美国梦是美国文学中一个重要的主题,它代表了个人通过努力可以实现成功和财富的信仰。
从马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》到菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》,再到约翰·斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》,美国梦一直是美国作家探讨的主题。
英语专业美国文学期末考试简答题

美国文学期末试卷及答案

《美国文学》期末考试试卷(B卷)1.Poor Richard's Almanac ( )2.The House of the Seven Gables ()3.“Raven” ( )4.My Antonia ( )5.Babbitt ( )6. A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8. A Farewell to Arms ( )9.The Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )mon Sense ( )12.“Rip Van Winkle”()13.Walden()14.The Song of Hiawatha()15.Uncle Tom's Cabin( )16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn()17.Sister Carrie()18.The Waste Land()19. A Farewell to Arms()20.The Great Gatsby()1. defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel Langhorne Clemensadopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning twofathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the direct treatment of an objector situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exactword.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in hismasterpiece novel.5. is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for hisvigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by , a British captain,who thus became the first American writer.7.has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\8.was a great democratic poet. He is also the great poet to use the form of free verse.9.is the first American lyric poet.10.is also called novel of the road, it strings the incidents on the line of the hero,s travel. IH. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1.In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, was the dominant spirit.A.HumanismB.RationalismC.RevolutionD.Evolution2.Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A.Michael WigglesworthB.Edward TaylorC.Anne BradstreetD.Philip Freneau3.The finest example of Hawthorne,s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in .A.The Scarlet LetterB.Young Goodman BrownC.The Marble FaunD.The Ambitious Guest4.was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A.ThoreauB.EmersonC.HawthorneD.Whitman5.Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A.The Adventures of Tom SawyerB.Innocents AbroadC.Life on the MississippiD.The Rise of Silas Lapham6.Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A.The American ScholarB.English TraitsC.The Conduct of LifeD.Representative Men7.Melville,s is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy, religion, etc, in additionto a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A.The Old Man and the SeaB.Moby DickC.White JacketD.Billy Budd8.American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. Thiswas.A.Anne BradstreetB.Jane AustenC.Emily DickinsonD.Harriet Beecher9.The main theme of The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo thatrepresentation of life should be the main object of the novel.A.Henry James,B.William Dean Howells,C.Mark Twain'sD.O. Henry's10.showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A.Ezra PoundB.Robert FrostC.T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11.With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, becamethe major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.realismD.naturalism12.Ezra Pound's long poem contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected.A.The Waste LandB.The CantosC.Don JuanD.Queen Mab13.In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with, accomplished a revolution in literary style andlanguage.A.Gertrude SteinB.Ezra PoundC.James JoyceD.all of the above14.tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from their farm in Oklahomauntil their first winter in California.A.Of Mice and MenB.The Grapes of WrathC.The Great GatsbyD.For Whom the Bell Tolls15.The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticism werethe failures of American society and.A.the failure of communication among AmericansB.the economic depressionC.the extreme prosperity of AmericaD.the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1.All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2.Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4.Hemingway,s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain,s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6.Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentencestructure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8.Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9.Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantat iwas written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15. Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled“ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced the active thinking ofAmericans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck,s novels.20.“Thanatopsis” is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”. Y Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see theestand, The agate lamp within thy hand! Ah, Psyche, from theregions which Are Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is.(1%)2.With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3.How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and II took the one less traveledby, And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1.Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2.What is the title of this poem? (1%)3.What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4.How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1.This passage is taken from a famous work entitled. (1%)2.The author of the work is . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in thewoods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal (入口),and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel, written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion? (5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and down The pleasant streets of that dearold town, And my youth comes back to me. And a verse of aLapland song Is haunting my memory still: "A boy's will is thewind's will, And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem?(1%)2.The author of the poem is. (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word, usually a verb, whichsums up the feeling established in the stanza. What is the verb and what kind feelingthat it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect, Framed by that mightyArchitect,With glory richly furnished, Stands permanent though this befled. It,s purchased and paid for too By Him who hath enoughto do.Questions:1. This stanza is taken from the poem by.(2%)2. What is one,s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death” . (10%)3.Ralph Waldo Emerson,s Self-Reliance. (10%)《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准I.Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O,Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20. F. Scott FitzgeraldII.Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelm.Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following frag gm e nts and answer thePassage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. (diction, rhyme and rhythm, rhetorical devices.)The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”⑴3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b andconversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life. Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne. (2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2)VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1.Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2.Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death” . (10%)3.Ralph Waldo Emerson,s Self-Reliance. (10%)The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
1.What is Emerson’s attitude towards charity? Why does he holdsuch an attitude?The worst of charity is that the lives you are asked to preserve are not worth preserving.Not all charity mean goodness.One must explore if it be goodness.If malice and vanity wear the coat of philanthropy,that shall not pass,One’s goodness must have some edge to it,else it is none.2.According to the poem “A Psalm of Life”, how should our lives beled to overcome the fact that each day brings us nearer to death? According to these sentences“Be not like dumb, driven cattle!Be a hero in the strife!”“Act, -act in the living Present!Heart within, and God o'er head!”we can see the speaker is a man of action, always optimistic and cheerful, trying to achieve as much as possible in the short span of life.We should work harder and live happier.Llife is not a dream, but very real, and urges us to live it to the fullest. The purpose of life is to do something. Our own individual time on earth is limited and will pass very quickly, we should try to achieve sth on earth and leave behind something.3.Do you think the narrator and his listener ever suspect thepresence of the humor of the story in “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”? Why? How do you interpret their interactions?The narrator and his listener never noticed or suspected the presence of humor.During the intercourse the narrator went vigorously on his monotonous narrative without a little smiling talking about the animals and the things like while the listener felt rather puzzled or bothered by his stories.It seemed to be kind of coarse things. So the two different scenes go on separately without a intersection.And their interaction was a complete failure according toour common sense about communication.But it in this sense produced the effect of humor which can be tasted by our readers due to the skills adopted by Mark Twain .4.What does the title of the play “A Streetcar Named Desire” standfor?"Desire" is in fact a streetcar's name in America,but in this drama,it alludes the life of Blanche who indulging herself in desire and lies.There is an actual streetcar named “Desire” that Blanche takes on her way to the Kowalskis’. Which brings us nicely into our discussion of the metaphorical meaning of the title .Blanche is literally brought to the Kowalski place by “Desire,” but she is also brought there by desire; her sexual escapeds in Laurel ruined her reputation and drove her out of town.Desire.then Cemeterird , then Elysian Fields.Sex,death,afterlife.It’s like a linear progression.Sec leads to death,or at least some heavy-duty wreckage. Blanche herself seems to recognize some sort of connection here with this line, one that is key to understanding the role that desire plays in Streetcar: “Death, death was as close as you are. The opposite is desire” . Blanche is somehow under the impression that sex is her escape from death. She turned to sex to comfort herself after her husband died, and after her relatives passedaway one by one.5.In “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”, the old waiter said to theyounger waiter: “We are of two different kinds.” In what way do you think they are different?The two waiters represent two contrasting attitudes towards life. The young waiter tends to be selfish and confident. He is fully confident of his marriage and work, but he does not know that all these are based on his youth, which is not reliable since it is temporary. He lives in nada, of which he is not aware at all. He lives in a state of ignorance, muddling along. We can say that he is physically alive but spiritually dead. The old waiter tends to be sympathetic and less confident. He wants to help other lonely people who have lost their beliefs, although the only thing he can offer them is a decent place as a refuge from the disorderly, dark, and meaningless world. He is fully aware of the nihilistic life of modern men, therefore, he faces such a meaningless life with courage, endurance, and dignity by seeking order, code, and meaning of life in his heart.6.What is speaker’s reaction to modern America in “ASupermarket in California”?"A Supermarket in California" doesn't use the word "America" until the end of the poem, but that doesn't mean this one's not all about our fair nation. Ginsberg imagines an America that fits a very 1950s ideal: blue automobiles in driveways of suburban homes, whole families shopping together. The speaker feels like an outsider in this America, which is all about the things you can buy; he conjures up Whitman who, he hopes, represents a "lost America of love," which was more about love than about things. But in the last line of the poem, the speaker calls all this into question: was there really ever an "America of love"? Or, like Walt Whitman, is this all a fantasy? 7.How is the egg in “The Triumph of the Egg”used to unify thenarrative elements?In the whole story of the article,the checked destiny of eggs,surly,is the main clue of all the episodes of the whole story,also,eggs reflect changes of father,mother and I.Chicken raising represents father’s starting pursuing his dream.Then chickens become sick and die constantly,making father meet troubles and can not control his own life.Grotesques somewhat equals to distorted concept. The dreadful circle ,shows the abnormal relations between egg and chicken, people and their generation.Egg trick reveals father’s desire to be respected, but the failure finally break his dream .In the end,father lay the egg, close the restaurant and go to bed ,shows that he finally decides to give up.。