译林版五年级英语上册知识点

译林版五年级英语上册知识点

一、名词（单数，复数，不可数）

1.单数 a house , a bed

an art room , an English teacher , an e-friend/email an idea ,

an umbrella ( a.e.i.o.u)

2.复数 1.一般直接+s：bears，students，

2.以s. x. sh.ch结尾，加es：bus-buses， box-boxes，

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，加es：library—libraries

hobby---hobbies

4.不规则名词复数： man-men， woman-women， policeman-policemen

child-children foot-feet，

3. 不可数soup, milk, bread ,juice,tea , rice …

1.主格用来作句中的主语，例：They are doctors.

2.宾格用在动词和介词后，本册书上出现的词组：

in front of her show her around push me teach you

What’s wrong with him? write him a letter

Here’s a Christmas card for you. Let me….

chat with them on the Internet give it a cake

练习：1.Mike is a new student here. Can you show around? （he）

2. both like swimming. (we)

三、too的用法:句中解释为（太）；句末解释为(也)。

例：1.This soup is too hot. That bed is too hard. Billy is too fat.（太）

2.I like skating,too. ==== I also like skating. (也)

四、序数词first---second---third---fourth 基数词序数词

It’s on the first floor. one first They’re on the second floor. two second

three third 注意点：

1、序数词一般要与the连用例：第一层楼the first floor

2、在某一层楼用介词on 例：在第二层楼on the second floor

There are ______(three) floors in my house.My bedroom is on the_____(three) floor.

★五.哪些情况加动词原形：

1.can

2. let

3.助动词do/does

练习：1.Su Hai can ______(play) the piano.

2.Let’s go and ______（climb）today.

3.Does Nancy _______(study) Chinese?

★六.哪些情况加动词ing

1.like

2. go

3.be good at

4.be

注意：动词ing形式也叫作动词的现在分词（-ing），变化规则：

（1）直接加ing：draw——drawing play——playing

（2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing：dance——dancing skate——skating make——making have——having write——writing live——living （3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅元辅”结构的，双写末字母加ing：swim——swimming run——running chat——chatting

sit——sitting put ——putting shop——shopping

练习：1.What do you like ________(do)?

She likes _________(dance). == Her hobby is ________(dance).

2.Let’s go ________(skate) this afternoon.

3.You’re really good at _________(fish).

★七.主语是三单时，动词要变成动词三单形式，加s/es/ies，注意以下句子：

1.主语（第三人称单数）+（often/always/```）+动词第三人称单数形式+其他.

2. Does +主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他.

注意：动词第三人称单数变化规则如下：

1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. ：works / plays/ reads

2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es.

例:teach-,teaches , watch-watches, do-does , go- goes

3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es.

例：study- studies fly-flies carry-carries,

练习：1.My father _________(teach) English.

2.Liu Tao sometimes _______(watch) films at weekends.

3._______(do) Ben ________(study) Chinese？

4._______(do) your grandparents like _______(chat)?

5.______ (be) your aunt a nurse?

八. 相同意思不同用法的辨析

1.有①there is/are 例：There is some milk in the glass.

②have / has 例：She has an animal friend.

have/has 前面必须有主语

练习：农场是有三只猪。他们有大大的耳朵。

______ ______three pigs ____ the farm. They ______big _______.

2.和①and (Mike and his family) often go to the park at weekends.

②with ( Mike )often goes to the park with (his family) at weekends.

3.也①too He likes reading stories too.

②also He also likes reading stories.

4.很多①a lot of I eat a lot of sweets.

②a lot Billy always eats a lot. / Thanks a lot.

5.Be动词（is/am/are）①I am / you are

②单数/不可数is / 复数are

九．易混淆词汇

1.who’s (是谁) he’s(他是) swim there（跟be连用，译为有；单独用译为那里那儿。）

whose(谁的) his (他的) swing their (他们的)

there are有they’re 他们是these 这些

pretty 漂流的present 礼物parent 父或母

2.职业类易错词teacher writer worker driver cook

动词teach write work drive cook

3. 介词：in front of / between / beside/ under / behind

4. 关于时间顺序的连接词

first——next——then——finally

十.易错词组

1.play basketball play the piano

2.at Christmas on Christmas Day

3.at six o’clock